Modifiable Factors: Diabetes Diet (high fat and high carbohydrates) Hyperlipoproteneimia Hypertension Obesity Sedentary Lifestyle Cigarette

Smoking Stress

Non Modifiable Factors: - Age - Gender - Family History of Heart Diseases

Thrombus Formation due to ruptured or cracked Atherosclerosis plaque

Thrombus fully occludes the vessels and involves the full thickness of the ventricular wall for a prolonged time. (STEMI)

Occlusion of the right Artery with right ventricular infarction (Inferior wall MI)

Imbalanced in Myocardial supply and demand Ischemia Symptoms: -Chest pain

(sensation of tightness, pressure or squeezing) - Pain radiating to shoulders, neck, arms or jaw - Lightheadedness - Fainting - Sweating - Nausea and vomiting - Shortness of breath - Anxiety

Diagnostic Procedures:
ECG,CBC, Chest Xray, Nuclear image scan...

Cell Injury Cell Death

The most common triggering event is the disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque in an epicardial coronary artery, which leads to a clotting cascade, sometimes resulting in total occlusion of the artery. Atherosclerosis is the gradual buildup of cholesterol and fibrous tissue in plaques in the wall of arteries (in this case, the coronary arteries), typically over decades. Plaques can become unstable, rupture, and additionally promote a thrombus (blood clot) that occludes the artery; this can occur in minutes. When a severe enough plaque rupture occurs in the coronary vasculature, it leads to myocardial infarction (necrosis of downstream myocardium). In a STEMI (ST segment elevation MI), the coronary artery is completely blocked off by the blood clot, and as a result virtually all the heart muscle being supplied by the affected artery starts to die. Also, an inferior wall MI may also occur because of the occlusion of the right coronary artery and it usually occurs alone or with a lateral wall or right ventricular infarction. If impaired blood flow to the heart lasts long enough and there is an imbalance in the myocardial oxygen supply and demand, it triggers a process called the ischemic cascade; causing cellular injury and eventually, the heart cells in the territory of the occluded coronary artery die (chiefly through necrosis) and do not grow back.