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RELATIONSHIP&
MITES AS VECTORS OF
PLANT DISEASES
S.KALIYAMOORTHY
08-602-006
Vir use s
1. Mechanical contact
2. Grafting
3. Vegetative propagation
4. Botanical (sexual) seed
5. Pollen
Virus-Vector
Relationship
During feeding and transmission, there
is a relationship is established
between the vector and the virus
which is referred to as
‘virus-vector relationship’.
Classification of Plant
Viruses
1. Tobravirus group 9. Nepovirus group
2. Tobamovirus group 10. Bromovirus group
3. Potexvirus group 11. Tombusvirus group
4. Carlavirus group 12. Caulimovirus group
5. Potyvirus group 13. Alfalfa mosaic virus
6. Cucumovirus 14. Pea enation mosaic virus
group 15. Tobacco necrosis virus
7. Tymovirus group 16. Tomato spotted wilt virus
8. Comovirus group
(C) Penetrates
intracellularly through
the mesophyll cells.
(C) penetrates
into the vascular
bundle.
stylets of Myzus persicae given acquisition
access to 125I-labeled tobacco etch potyvirus
Stylets of an aphid that virions
Stylets of an aphid that
has not fed acquired labeled virus
on an infected plant through a plastic membrane.
• Distribution of label
in stylets that have
separated, showing
label associated
only with the food
canal formed by
the maxillary
stylets
Ci rculative vi ruse s
• Circulate through the tissues of the vectors
• Not transmitted immediately after the
acquisition but the vectors have to wait several
hours
• 'semi-persistent' viruses.
• Circulative viruses are mainly transmitted by
aphids.
• Maize chlorotic dwarf virus,
• rice tungro virus,
• pea enation mosaic virus,
• potato leaf-roll virus,
• lettuce mosaic yellow virus etc.
Circulative route of barley yellow dwarf
luteoviruses (BYDVs)
through aphids .
Propagative viruses
• viruses start multiplying within their vectors
and establish a biological relationship.
• viruses possess an incubation period(To Reach
Specific Conc)
• Type of transmission
decision of control measures.
References
• Annual Review of Phytopathology
Vol. 44: 183-212 (2006)
• MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR
BIOLOGY REVIEWS, 1999, p. 128–148
Vol. 63, No. 1.
• Advances in Virus Research By
Karl Maramorosch, Kenneth Manley
Smith, Max A. Lauffer
• http://arab2000.forumpro.fr
Mit e transmissi on of
pla nt d ise ase s
• Black currant reversion disease
by Cecidophyopsis ribis (Amos et
al. 1927)
• B. A group of double-
membrane bodies
(DMB) in a
parenchyma cell
• C. Very flexuous
filamentous particles
(V)
• D. semi-rigid virus-like
particles (V) et al. 2007
Castellano
surrounding
Peach mosaic virus (PMV)
Eriophyes insidiosus
• Reported at Texas by Hutchins
in 1932
Symptoms:
• Shortening of internodes.
• Profuse growth in leaf axil buds.
• Mosaic pattern on leaves.
Ryegrass mosaic virus (RMV)
Abacarus hystrix
Medium stage:
– Leaf spots become numerous
– Lower two-thirds of the crown a
yellowish appearance.
– Inflorescences become necrotic,
infertile and nut production ceases.
– Frond production and size decline.
Contd..,
Late stage (>5 years):
•Shortening of internode