1.

5: Properties of
Real Numbers
Objectives:
*Rewrite expressions using the
commutative and associative properties.
*Multiply using the distributive properties.
*Identify properties used to rewrite an
expression.
Review:
N: Natural (1,2,3, )
W: Whole (0,1,2,3,)
Z: Integers ( -2,-1,0,1,2,)
Q: Rationals (m/n; m,n integers)
I: Irrational ( , 3.45978)
R: Real (all rational and irrational)

2, , 7 t
Properties of Real Numbers
For any real numbers a, b, and c
Addition Multiplication
Commutative
Associative
Identity a + 0 = a = 0 + a

Inverse
If a in note zero,
then
a b b a + = +
( ) ( ) a b c a b c + + = + +
( * )* *( * ) a b c a b c =
* * a b b a =
*1 1* a a a = =
( ) 0 ( ) a a a a + = = +
1 1
* 1 * a a
a a
= =
Distributive Property

For all real numbers a, b, and c

a(b+c) = ab + ac and (b+c)a = ba + ca
Example: Commutative Properties
Commutative Property of
Addition


Example:



Commutative Property of
Multiplication


Example:


a b b a + = +
a b b a =
3 7 7 3 + = +
3 7 7 3 =
Example: Associative Properties
Associative Property of
Addition


Example:
Associative Property of
Multiplication


Example:



( ) ) ( c b a c b a + + = + +
) * ( * * ) * ( c b a c b a =
) 5 4 ( 6 5 ) 4 6 ( + + = + +
) 5 4 ( 6 5 ) 4 6 ( =
Example: Distributive Property
Distributive Property
Example:


Example:


ac ab c b a + = + ) (
ac ab c b a = ) (
2 5 4 5 ) 2 4 ( 5 + = +
2 5 4 5 ) 2 4 ( 5 =
Example: Identity Properties
Additive Identity Property


Example:

Multiplicative Identity Property


Example:
a a = +0
6 0 6 = +
a a = 1
6 1 6 =
Example: Inverse Properties
Additive Inverse Property

*For every a, there is an additive
inverse a such that
a + (-a) = 0

Example: 5 + (-5) = 0

Multiplicative Inverse Property

*For every a ( a 0), there is a
multiplicative inverse such
that


Example:

a
1
1
1
=
|
.
|

\
|
a
a
1
5
1
5 =
Problem Set 1.5 (pp. 41-43)
State the property/properties that justify the following:

5.) 4 + x = x + 4

7.) 2(y + 8) = 2y + 16

9.) (3 + 1) + 2 = 1 + (3 + 2)

13.) 3(x+2) = 3(2+x)


Commutative Property of
Addition
Distributive Property
Commutative Property of Addition
Commutative &
Associative
Properties of Addition
Problem Set 1.5 (pp. 41-43)


Find the mistake. Correct the right hand-side.

21.) 3(x+2) = 3x + 2


27.) 3 + (-3) = 1
3x + 6
0
Problem Set 1.5 (pp. 41-43)
Use associative property to rewrite each of the
following expressions. Then simplify.

31.) 4 + (2 + x) =

35.) 3(5x) =

39.) (3a) =

47.)


=
|
.
|

\
|
a
6
5
5
6
(4 + 2) + x = 6 + x
(3 5)x = 15x
( 3) (a) = 3/2 a
(6/5 5/6) (a) = a
Problem Set 1.5 (pp. 41-43)
Apply distributive property to the ff. expression. Simplify.

63.)


79.) 7(2x + 4) + 10 =

( ) = +6 3
3
1
x
(1/3 3x) + (1/3 6) = x + 2
(7 2x) + (7 4) + 10
= 14x + 28 + 10
= 14x + 38
Problem Set 1.5 (pp. 41-43)
Individual Practice: Homework
Multiples of 4
Questions Nos. 4, 8, 12,112

*Applications of Concepts