APPROACH AND LANDING PROCEDURES There are basic types of instrument and new integrated instrument currently use

in the national airspace system. Basic types of instrument consists of : 1. Nonprecision approaches *300-500 minimum altitude / 1 mile visibility 2. Category 1 approaches *200 minimum altitude / 0.5 mile visibility 3. Category II/III approaches *100 or less minimum altitude / 0-0.25 mile visibility Nonprecision approaches It provide only literal (horizontal) electronic guidance and typically provide guidance to a point 300 to 500 feet above the runway with minimum required visibilities of 1 mile or greater. Category I approach It provides vertical guidance in addition to lateral navigation and typically provide guidance to a point 200300 feet above the runway with visibility of a 0.5 to 1 mile required. Category II/III approaches It provides vertical guidance as well, to less than feet above the ground with visibility of less than 0.5 mile required.

All procedures based on satellite navigation will eventually replace these three different categories. These new approach categories are: 1. Lateral Navigation (LNAV) approaches. 2. Lateral Navigation / Vertical Navigation (LNAV/VNAV) approaches. 3. Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance (LPV) Lateral Navigation (LNAV) approach Similar to the traditional nonprecision approach Lateral Navigation / Vertical Navigation (LNAV/VNAV) approach Similar to the traditional non-precision approach with the addition of vertical guidance. LNAV/VNAV will provide pilots with minimums close to, but not quite as low as, the Category I approach and landing procedures currently in use.