ffi*** g-arg E@'EAE *

El g

Y&sre

Vietnamese
**

for
Feginners
t'

;by
-

{'
t

Jake Catlett and Huong Nguyen

Ti6ng Viet

'#

''

'-'l

*'"

Introduction
Viefnamese for Beginners Copyright @2006 by Paiboon Fublishing

Printed in Thailand All rights reservd

PaiboonPoomsanPublishing PaiboonPublishing PN'iB 256,l4ZLWalnut Street 582 Amarinniwate Village 2 Nawamin 90 (Sukha l), Bungkum Berkeley, Califomia USA 94709

10230 THAILAND
Bangkok

Tel. 1-510-848-7086 Fan 1-510-8484521

Tel 662-509-8632
Fax662-519-5437 info@paiboonpublishing.com www.paiboonpublishing. com

Coverpicture: Thanh Yen NguYen

Cover and graphic desigu by Randy Kincaid Editedby Le Thi My Hong Benjawan Poomsan Becker

CD Voices: Jake Catlett, Huong Nguyen, Kathy Luong, Toan Lam and
Dong Nguyen

rsBN 1-887521-54-2
Printed by Chulalongkom University Printing House
Decernber,2005 [4902-149/1,000 (2)] Tel. 0-22 I 8-3 5 57 ,0-2218-3563 httn://wrvrt -cuorint.chu la.ac.th

contact with part of daily the outer world is becoming mope and more a life, the tourism industry isloffering exciting new destinations almost on a daily basis, and sprviceits increasing as a result. The reasons to visit Vietnam Seerh to grow by the minute, and so, ofcourse, do the reasons to learn the language. Because of Vietnam's recent isolation and economic problems, few decent Vietnamese language resources have been produced for quite some time. Those that ate available tend to be outdated or over-formal, and not very "conversation friendly". Vietnamese for Beginners presents the language in a simple, user-friendly manner, using contemporary and common words and phrases. Vietnamese for Beginners teaches the four basic language skills - speaking, listening (with the tapes or CD's and/or an instructor), reading and writing. There is also a grammar section in each lesson. The first part of each lesson introduces vocabulary and sentence structure, followed by exercises, tests, and sections dedicated to teaching the Vietnamese alphabet and pronunciation. You should have a coach, maybe a Vietnamese friend or instructor, who can listen to and correct your pronunciation, especially when you are first beginning to learn the language. Vietnamese uses a Latin-based script, making it much easier for Western learners to learn to read and write the language. It is also phonetic, and since no transliteration system is needed, learning the Vietnamese alphabet should be quite easy for English speakers. One major difference between English, and other European languages, and Vietnamese, is that Vietnamese is a tonal language. Mastering the use of tones is absolutely essential in Vietnamese. In any case, saying a word with the wrong tone will either change the meaning of the word
These days in Vietnam, busines$

i,

t;*ng,

\'*
completely,

{-o&

5::

Vl"inurn..e spoken without proper use of for English ;Gi;i. ;ibberish. the challenges this po!?s difficulties is that
tones becomes

or

make

it meaningless' Simply stated'

Table of contents

Guide to
Lesson

PronunciatiPn
I
., '

t
j t?

*'.

7
11

biggest speakers are many' but one of the significance of a word' English speakers o,. iont to stress the the case for or to show stronger emotion' This is not you need to system' Vietnames.. fn ori.t to master the tonal

learn

"-otions even to p*a""* if,ut", time and practice both to speak' and
hear the tones ProPerlY'

to

divorce

yott

from your tonal

speech

Greetings, yes/no questio4s,' Bersohal pronouns, ctii gi (what), common nouns, numbers

Lesson 2
More common nouns, prepositions, countries, nationalities, here/there, how muchlhow many, more pronouns.

37

and phrases m The first appendix contains useful words find what you need to say un .^y*o-use^format, to help you

;;t.ki

second una .i*piy-'i" t"ut-ilfe situations' The appendix .orrturt,' u^**"" to the -multiptt-,"nott-t ^111 chapter' The exercrses translation tests at the end of each intended to be practiced sections in each ;h"pt"t are often. the exercises will with others, and ut'*"tt to questions in

Lesson 3
Places, action verbs, transport, continuous tense, basic food and drink.

65

so there is no answer key often vary from person to person' friend or instructor for these sections. Again, a Vietnamese should help you practice these sections' level students' and This book is intended for beginning

Lesson 4
Time, when?, yesterday/today/tomorrow, daily habits, future tense.

89

their basic people who u."---itt*t*"4 il improving us know

feel free to let Vietnamese langoage skills' Please we can make this of any suggestion; y;;"y have for how future' ioot,motlirseful oi easier to use in the language are many The reasons to learn the Vietnamese

Lesson 5
Days of the week, months, past tense, imperatives

rl7
139

in the world that are and varied. There are few places Vietnam' and yet still growing urra o",r"iopittg ut quickly as and challenging' Vietnam is remain relativety "it*ifotta Learning . . now a land of opportunity and potential' yott u more intimate and Vietnamese can o"iy ittfp to give of in^ this-fascinating land' so full enjoyable "*p.,l""Jt history and intrigue'

Lesson 6
Clothing, posessives, why, in order to, because, common adj ectives, colors, intensifiers

Lesson 7
More food and drink, eating, flavors, yetlnot yet

161

1J

* '. 5 * ial

Lesson 8
Appearances, the human body, household chores' health and hygiene

185

Guide to Pronunciation
Vowels
'I
l

,lj

Lesson 9
Age, p ersonality tr artsI chat acteri stic s, addre sses, towns and cities, distances, family terms, occupations, how, who

203

Lesson 10
Plurals, comparatives and superlatives, feelings, animals, weather

231

Appendix I
Useful words and phrases

263

a e 6 i o 6 o u u y 6 d

like g in futher like e in ten like 4 in g4me like ee in need like aw in flaw like o in nq like o in wqrry like u in flu similar to ur in fi4 like "i" like "a",but shorter like "0", but shorter

*\nll bdn - to sell -rl serh'-/olzs .',n. '' 't6n-name di- go

to - big c6 - aunt phb - noodle soup thtl- autumn

ti -from
M! - America rin- snake
ldn_ time, occurence

Appendix

II

283

Answers to multiple choice and translation tests

Consonants

b like b in beef c like c in cow, but ./ unaspirated ,/a like y in you (south)
d in do d g in go g h h in hot k same as "c" 1 like ! in little m like m in mother n like n in nothing r like 1in lake (south)

bd - cow cay - spicy dit - dirty dring

llke like like like

zin zoo (north)

gan- near hoa-flower ,.^

Kten- ant ly - glass
muon to wanl non- hat rhn - snake

correct

llke Zinzoo (north)

8,/

\'.+ o-F.F.

'r/ t /" ,/

like sh in shoe
like ! in !ime, but unaspirated Iik" v in violet like s in south

sdch- book
tim - purple

B6ng chfi c6i Ti6ng ViQt

The Vietnamese Alplabpd

r
Li r:

.1 'I

''l
",

ving-yellow
xe

'ti'r*

velticle

Aa Dd
Hh

AA

A'd-'
Ee

.4

Bb cc
pc
Gg

Consonant Clusters

ch like ch in cheese when

in bn initial position like ! in fa! when in a final position (south) like ck in taqk when in a final position (north) sh like s in so in lou (south) Iike 7in zoo (north) kh like k in king ng like Ag in king, but can also appear in an initial position ngh same as"ng", but only found in an initial position nh like ni in onion in an initial position like n in cag in a final position (south) like ng in sing in a final position (north) ph like f in fire th like ! in lake tr similar to tr in train

ch6o

rice porridge

c6ch- to be separated

Dd

ffiiu"!

gh6t - to hate gi - what

Ii
Oo

KK

Ll

Mm

kh6ng

trhng-white
ngtr - sleep
nghe nha

no

Nn
Qq

0o
Ss

Ocv Pp

to hear

house

Rr

Tt IJu
Yy

b6nh mi

bread

IJu
phong

Vv

Xx

- room
egg

thdng- monlh
tnmg

l0

Initial Consonant Clusters

ch- ghngh-

gi-

kh- ng-

nh- ph- thFinal Consonants

tr-

-c
a

-m -n -p
Final Consonant Clusters

-t

-ch

-ng

-nh

1."t

_lt,pr
1

13

Bdi

Lesson 7
Tir vqng
.

"

i
,,

,.
.'t
'a

| 'lj 'Vdcabulary
..

t6i
ban, ngudi ban
tOn

'1.,f: 'i

I, rne
r'!

' n{*

ya't, friend
name

le, thi

to be

xin chdo bpn

tpm bipt ban khoe kh6ng?

hello, goodbye
goodbye

how are you?

to be fine, to be well nice to meet you
same here, me too

khoe
r6t vui dugc g[p bpn

t6i cf,ng vfy xin

16i

excusg me,

I'm sorrlr

kh6ng sao ddu

c6m crn

never mind, "no problem" thank you

Khdng c6 chi

you're welcome

cdn...thi sao?
cdn b4n thi sao?, cdn bpn?

"how about...?"
how about you?, and you? book
newspaper
pen

@ut5fi s6ch

(rr) b6o
(cdy) bitt myc, (cdy) vi6t

(cdy)bit

chl, (cdy) vii5t chi

pencil

t4

1.+ n-nft-5:r

15

(cdy)biftbi, (cdy) vit bic

(quyn) vb

ballpoint pen
notebook
map

Ngir

phfp

Grammar

ttl
Vietframese grarnmar is fiot te#bly'complicated. There
is no conjugation of verbs,uthere'Ns nb gender, and there is no pluralization. While some rf,the congepts can be tricky at

(cdi)bindi)
(cr;l) d6ng ho

watch, clock

(cdi)bao, (cdi) ttti

chiniry, ndy, ddy
c6i d6, d6
c6i kia, kia

bag
this

first, most of the grammar groveqed*jh this book will be simple to understand.

fatly

that
that (further away)

The grammar follows a subject structure.

verb + object sentence

c6i gi, gi
dp, vAng

what
yes yes, yeah

e.g. ddy ld c6i d6ng nO : ttris is a watch (Lit: this is watch)

The article "the" doesnot exist in Vietnamese, however the word "mAf' (one) is often used like "a/an". However, it is not necessary, and is most often used in formal situations.

ri, d khdng ....khdng?

no, not
a question particle

....phii khdng?
kh6ng phii tl6y c6 phni h....kh6ng? ddy kh6ng phdi Id.... hi6u kh6ng? hi6u
k*rdng hiOu

isn't it?
no, it's not

e.g. t6ild(mQt) giSovi6n

Iam ateacher

isthis....?
this is not
..

..

e.g. t6i t6n Ph6t

My name is Phdt

understand?

(I) understand (I) don't understand

kh6ng
The word "kh6ng" has a few uses. Aside from being the word for "no" and "zero", it is also used as a question particle in yes/no questions, and to make negative phrases.

*kh6ngi'is placed at the When used as a question particle, end of the sentence to make yes/no questions. It is used with nouns using the following structures:
subject + cd phdi ld + oiect+ khdng

t6

" ,, _*

l1
?*::

diy and cdi ndy

The words "dd)"' and"cdi ndy" potb'#;" "this", however "cdi ndv" is onlv used with obiects.

e.g.

d6ry c6

phdi ld

e.g. cdi ndy ld c6i gi? +.w-hat i#this?

chi d6ng hO

kh6ng?: is this a watch?

cdi ndy ld cu6n s6ch 3l ttfis is a book

And also at the end of tag questions.

However, "ddy" can be used for objects, as well as for people and places.

...,phdi khdng? e.g. t16y ld c6i tl6ng h6, phdi kh6ng? :

this is a watch, isn't it?
When is used with verbs and adjectives it follows the form:

e.g. ddy ld c6i gi? : what is this?

this is a book ddyld(mO| tnrlng hqc : this is a school dayliLc6 Hucrng : this is Ms. Huong
ddy ld cudn s6ch

subject+ (cd) + verbladjective + khdng

gi
(literal)

and cdi

gi

J!.g. A

ban (c6) l<h6e kh6ng ban (c6) hi6u kh6ng?

: :

are you well?

The words "gi" and"cdi gi" both mean "what", however "qrii gi" is only used with objects.

do you understand?

However, with boths verbs and adjectives, the word "cd" is often omitted.

e.g. chiniry
"gi"

ld cdi gi? : what is this? c6i tl6 ld c6i gi? : what is that?

e.g.

ban kh6e kh6ng b4n hi6u kh6ng?

: :

are

you well? (literal) do you understand?

is used in all other situations

e.g. ban t6n

"&ftdrg'is

also used in front of adiectives and verbs to

b4n

gi? : what is your name? mu6n gi2 : what do you want?

create nesative sentences.

e.g. chinity

kh6ng

t6t

this is not good

l8

-.4

lF::
HQi Thopi

19

Pronouns

1i
r,,

Convelsation
,' I
I
I

Along with classifiers, pronouns prove to be one of the most challenging features of Asian languages for Western learners to master. The sheer number of them is confusing enough. Add to that the factthat which pronoun you use for yourself, and for the person you're speaking to, is determined not only by sex and relative age, but also on your level of intimacy with the person you're speaking to. In this book we'll introduce pronouns a few at a time in order to make it
easier to use them.

Phong: Xin

chiro

ban.

tr, . , u'
'u

Hello.
Phuong: Xin chdo bAn.

''n

,|4
h

Hello.

Phong: B4n t6n ld gi?

What is your name?
Phucrng: T6i t6n ld Phucrng. Con b4n ? Bpn t6n gi?

bgn

"friend", or "you". bqn" ts not commonly used in

spoken Vietnamese as a pronoun, however
seen in

it is often

My name is Phuong. And you? What is your

name?

written Vietnames, e.g. advertisements,

newspapers, etc. that

will

be read by both men and

Phong:

TOi tn ld Phong. R6t vui

ilu-o.

c g[p b4n.

women, older and younger. For clarity's sake "bqn"

is used most often in the sentences section of this

My name is Phong. It's very nice to meet you.

Phucrng: R6t

vui dugc gPp b4n.

book to mean "you".

It's very nice to meet you.

t6i

'0I", or "me". "t6i" is most often used in formal speaking situations, or when the speakers do not

Note:

In the question "B4n Idn ld gi?" and the sentence "TOi t6n /ri...'
the verb /ri (to be) is often omitted.

know one another. For clarity's sake,"tdi" is used

most often in the sentences section of this book.

Once a relationship has been established, speakers will use

different pronouns. We introduce more throughout the book.

20

-/i,&"

21

Cflu
HQi Tho4i

Vin ,
I

Sentences
,.

2 -

Conversation

A:. C6i ndy ld c6i gi?

What is this?
r{

| ' lj
14

Dung: Xin chdo ban.

Hello.

B:

Ddy ld c6y brit

mglc. tq', r. This is a pen.

Is this a newspaper?

}r

Tom: Xin chdo bpn. Bpn c6 khoe kh6ng?

Hello. How are you?
Dung: Da, chm crn. T6i kh6e. Cdn ban thi
-!

A: B:
3.

DAy c6 ph6i ld td b6o kh6ng?

sao?

Kh6ng. D6 kh6ng ph6i ld td b5o.

Thank you. I'm fine. How about you? How are

i

No. That isn't

a newspaper.

you?

A:

Chitl6ld c6i d6ng h6, Phii khdng?

That is a watch, isn't it?

Tom:

Dp, cim crn. T6i cfing kh6e. Thank you. I'm also fine.

B: V0ng. D6 ld c6i d6ng h6.

Yes. That is a watch.
4.

Note:

In the question "B4n cd kh6e kh6ng?", the word cd often omitted.

A: Cfi ndy ld cu6n s6ch hay ld cdy birt chi?

Is this a book or is it a Pencil?

B: A: B:

D6 ld cdy birt chi. That's a pencil.

B4n hi6u kh6ng?

Do you understand?

T6i

hit-lu.

I understand.

C: Tdi kh6ng hiu.

I don't understand.

22

t'

23
***,

6:

A: Xin

16i.

A:

RAt

vui

du-o. c

gap ban.
You.
:,!

Excuse me.

B:

Kh6ng sao dAu. Never mind.

B:

'

It's very nice to meet i T6i cffng vfly.

Same

," t

*:

here.

rl

'r,

'+'.

e'l

A:
B:
8:

Cim 0n.
Thank you.

Kh6ng c6 chi.

You're welcome.

A: Ban t6n

(1d) gi?

What is your name?

B:
9:

T6i t6n (ld)...

My name is... A: Ban (c6) khoe kh6ng?

How are you? (Are you well?)

B:

TOi kh6e.

I'm fine. (I'm well)

C: T6ikh6ngkhoe.
I'm not well.
10:

A: Con ban thi

sao?

How about you?

B:

T6i cflng khoe.

I'm also fine.

24

^-,, **:y

25

SO Aem
0

Numbers
kh6ng,16 m0t hai ba b6n

n0

90i
I
2
J 100

101 102
ll0
150

'1.

i'.

{:

, '
ir e

-i

. '

4
5

n[m
s6u

6 7
8

bhv

200 300 I 000

I

titm
chin mudi muoi mQt muoi hai mudi ba mudi b6n mudi 15m hai muoi, hai chgc hai muoi m6t hai muoi hai hai muoi ba hai muoi l6m ba muoi, ba chuc ba muoi m6t ba muoi l5m b6n muoi, b6n chuc ndm muoi, ndm chuc s6u muoi, s6u chuc biy muoi, bdy chllc

001

9 10
11

2000 3000
10,000

I2 l3 I4
15

20

100,000 1,000,000 10,000,000 100,000,000

t6m muoi. t6m chuc i. j. chin chuc chin'huoi, r ., m6t trdm m6t tr[m 16 m6t r'tm6t trdm 16 hai * m6t trbm mudi mQt trdm n[m muoi hai trdm ba trdm mQt nghin, mQt ngdn mQt nghin 16 mQt hai nghin ba nghin mudi nghin mQt tr6m nghin mQt triQu mudi triQu m6t tram trieu
j

2t
22
23

Note: the word

o'le"

is only used in spoken Vietnamese, and

indicates a zero, or series of zeros in numbers like room

numbers or years. For

25 30
31

example,"40l" would be spoken

16

"b6n

16

mQt"and 2005 would be spoken "hai nghin

ndm"

35

40 50 60 70

The word "chuc" is only used in southern Vietnam, and it

means

"ten". However, it is only

used with multiples of ten. and

lt is never used with numbers like 2I ot 45' for example,

never used with nurnbers over 100.

26

.27 ", .
Exercises
3,

-.4 *t: Respond to the following questions and statements in Vietnamese.

Practice speaking and writing.

1. Practice saying the following numbers in Vietnamese.

r
B4n tn gi?
.[ r!
,1

,lj
,l J

1.

10

3.8
s.
20

2.4 4. t7
6.39

r{

Bpn khoe kh6ng?

7.2 9. 100
2. Write out the following

8.0
10. 55 Xin
16i.

numbers using the Vietnamese script.

R6t vui ttugc gflp bpn.

Example:

150

m6t trdm ndm muoi

Write the question that should precede these answers.

35

78
8

Kh6ng hiOu

43 207

Kh6ng c6 chi. 92
101

1000

Kh6ng. D6 kh6ng ph6i ld cdy vi6t.

Test

29 -d.h: 'l'runslation Test: Write and say the following sentences in Vietnamese.
Repeat them several times to practice

pronunciltiorl"

Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamese vocabulary

watch
book pen this I, me
also map name

a. chiniry b. quy,5n vo
c. t6n d. cfrng e. bpn f. citid6ng h6 g. kh6ng h. c6y vi6t i. td b6o j. cdmon k. c6i d6 l. c6y brit chi m. cu6n sdch n. c6i gi o. chitbi p. t6i q. c6i bnn d6 r. hi6u

How are you?

Thank you.

what
bag

you, friend that thank you pencil notebook

You're welcome.

Never mind.

lt's very nice to meet you.

ls this a notebook?

That is not a pencil.

30

' -.1' ;,s":

3l

The Vietnamese Writing System

As you can see, the Vietnamese writing system is in some ways very similar, and in some ways very different from English. While it does use Latin characters, like English, it also uses markers for accents on vowels and for tone. In any case, the ease of learning to read and write Vietnamese is a great benefit for English speaking learners. The Vietnamese alphabet is phonetic. The way it is written is the way it is pronounced. Variation in pronunciation, however, means that certain characters are pronounced differently in the north, south, and center of Vietnam. Punctuation of Vietnamese is the sarne as with English. This also makes things a bit easier. In these sections of the book we will use exercises that will not only teach you the characters of the Vietnamese alphabet, and how to use them, but will also reinforce your speaking and listening skills. Learning to read and identif, individual words will come with the other excercises in the book. This section is intended skictly to teach you how to recognize and properly pronounce consonants, consonant clusters, vowels, and tones. In each chapter we will introduce more consonants, and more vowels. The 6 tone markers will be introduced in the first chapter, however we will only practice speaking 3 of them. The other 3 will practiced in chapter 2, and, after that all exercises will contain a combination of all the tones. In order to make learning the alphabet a little easier, we will start by introducing simple vowels, and consonants that are the same or similar to their counterparts in English. Complex vowels and vowels that don't have analogues in English, along with more difficult consonant clusters will be
introduced as we go along.

PhU

0m

Consonants

In this chapter we will irltroduco seven'consonants and ()nc consonant cluster, for a total'1of seven sounds. ,r il
, itt{
:l

,ll

b
d

4.

like the b in beef

like the d in Qo like the h in hat like the I in femon

m
n

like the m rn make

like the n in never

g and gh*
* g and

like the g in get

gh create the same sound in Vietnamese, howevergft only precedes the vowels i, e and 0. In all other cases g will bc used. trt should be noted, however that gi creates a different sound altogether. We will learn about this in the
ncxt chapter

32

Nguy0n 0m

-.:
Vowels

- Tones Thanh tli6u ',1.

Vietnamese has long and short vowels, and of course simple and complex vowels. In this chapter we will learn seven long, simple vowels.

like the a infsther (north) like the a in attitude (south)

like the e in 9gg like the a in ate like the ee in pgek

There are either 5 or 6 tqnes in /ietnarhese, depending on wlrcther it is the southern or norttrern dialect which is being spoken. In chapter one, wP Will focus on three of them. The lettcr "A" willbe used to slitir,y,whery0 the placement of the tunc marker is. Notice therd is'rlo fone marker for the first Iot'tc,"ngang". Next will follow the name of the tone, which nlso shows an example of the tone marker being used, and thcn a written description of it's tonal qualities. The best tttr:thod for learning the tones, though, is to listen to the excrcises for this unit on the CD companions, or to have a Victnamese teacher coach you on them. Try to mimic the round and pitch of the examples you hear as exactly as possible.

i*
o
6

a
like the aw inflaw

ngsng

The tone "ngangi'begins at mid-pitch tone, and remains flat while the tone is held. The tone "tdq" begins at a higher pitch and rises sharply. The tone "huyn" begins at a low pitch and falls

like the o in no

sac

like the oo in loose

I often appears as

"y" when it comes in the final position,

huyAn

E.E."ftrf'r "ly", etc.

slightly.

34

35

Pronunciation Exercise
Listen to your Vietnamese instructor and repeat.

2s. t6 15 ro
31..

30. m6 md mii
I

nd nii nd
rl '\;ll
.

1. ba b6 bn

hi hir 5. ma mi mi
3. ha 7. ga

2. da.Id dn 4. la 16 ldr
6. na nrf nd 8. be b6 bi
10. he h6
12.

bf bi 35. hu hf hit
33. bu

..,

'

^ .,{ 36. lu lf I

3t: go 96 96 34. du .If dr)

lir

37. mu mri mi 39. gu gri git

38. nu nri nir

gf

gir

9. tle d6 di
11. le 16 li 13. ne n6

hi

Listening Exercise
Write the syllables as you hear them in the blank spaces.

me m6 mi

ni

14. ghe gh6 ghi 16. dC oti oa 13. rO 16 16

ls. b6 nc uc

fi.

e.g.
1.

1.

me

he no no
mdi

19. mG mG

20. nG nti

nG

2. 4. 6. 8.

21. gh| gh6 gho

22. bi bf bi 24. hy hy hy
26. my my

3. 5. 7. 9. 11. 13. 15.

di di di 25. ty ly ty 27. ni ni ni
23.
29. bo b6 bd

mi

28. ghi ghf ghi

30.

10.

do d6 dd

t2.
14. 16.
18.

31. ho h6 hd 33. mo m6 md 35. go g6 gd 37. d6 aii ao

32. lo t6 ld

34. no n6 nd 36. b6 nii na 28. h6 n6 no

17.

t9.

20.

36

3t

#.

t4

s4

Lesson 2
More common nouns, prepositions, countries, nationalities, here/there, how much/how many, more pronouns.

"

*i;Fr

39

Bii 2
Tir vgng
(r'eii) tliQn tho4i
l

Lesson 2

't
,d ir 1. lr,

''

I
.,

t]

Vocabulary

tel.ophone
,t

(r'cii)

tivi

tSlevision
eyeglasses

(rrii) mat kinh

tiAn

money picture, photograph

camera

(ttlm)h\nh
m6y chup hinh

(ru6n) tu tli6n

dictionary bottle
(sheet

k'di) chai

(til

gi6y

ofl paper

(cai)bin
(c'cii) giuong

table bed

k'ui) ehc
phong phong

chair room

ngt

bedroom bathroom
house

phong tfm, phdng vQ sinh

(nq6i) nhiL
(t

to be somewhere
,"-

song (0)

i.

to live (somewhere) to want

tnuon trong

in

40

,,i

"qrl

4t England
l

tr6n

on under between
and

ntrr'lc Anh
tttrdrc Uc

du6i gifia
vd

AustiaHd' -f
I language

ngon ngu, tleng ti6rrg ViQt ti6ng Anh d dfly

..

':

r:

"i
.f

tE

Viotnamese language

vdi
ngudi nguoi bdn ngudi Vi6t Nam, nguoi ViQt

with
person seller Vietnamese
Chinese

English language
here

tl d(r

there there (further away) where

tl kia
tl diu
b0n tr6i bn phf,i

nguoi Trung Qu6c

ngudi Th6i Lan ngudi Ldo ngudi Nhdt
ngucri Hdn Qudc

Thai Laotian
Japanese

left
right which one, which
how much, how rnany how many

crii niro; niro

bno nhi6u rnay

Korean

nguoi

M!

American Englishman Australian country Vietnam China Thailand

Laos
Japan (So,uth) Korea

nguoi Anh

nti

it
dong, Vietnamess curency

nguol uc
d6t nu6c

tldng rl0 la
re

dollar
cheap, inexpensive exper,nive
easy

nudc ViQt Nam

nu6c Trung Qudc nu6c Ttr6i Lan nudc Ld.o

nu6c Nhflt

! -!. nlac, dat

tlcT

kh6 rrhieu; qu6

ho

difficult

lim; nhiu lim

very, rnany very, too (excessive)

they, them

nu6c Hdn Qudc nu6c

M!

America

42

Ngfr

phip - Grammar

.' t., c.g. cdibinnay

43

this table hai cu6n shch d6: those two bookd

Before going much further in Vietnamese, you'll need to understand a little bit about classifiers. Classifiers are words used when counting and specifying nouns. Throughout this book you will find that in the vocabulary sections, most nonns will have an italicized word in parentheses before them, like this:

:J

(llassifiers are not necessary firhen the noun is a nonrpecific object. However,lftfiy time we use "ndy", "d6" (this, llut)etc., we must also use t1iepla$sfTier. ; "' +

c.g. t6i dqc b6o

I read a newspaper t6i doc tdbSo ndy : I read this newspaper

t6i ngri tr6n giudng : I sleep on a bed t6i ngir trn cdi giudng dd : I sleep on that bed

(cdi)bin

table

The word in parentheses,"(cdi), is a classif,rer. Any time you count a noun, you must use the classifier before it. The structure is as follows: number

* classi/ier+ noun

e.g. hai cdi bdn

two tables mdt cu6n s6ch - one book

Another thing that should be noted about Vietnamese Etructure, is that when a "yes/no" question is asked in Victnamese, usually the response is made by using the active l,ttD or adjective. It's actually not very comon, or even Grrrrcct, to answer questions simply by saying "vdng" or "d4oo (yes) or "kh6ng" (no).

John: Ban mu6n c6i ndy kh6ng?

Do you want this?

English also uses classifiers in many cases to count mass nouns, as in this phrase:
three tubes of toothpaste

Todn: Mu6nl

Yes,I do. (Literally: "Want!")

The word "tube" is functioning as a classifier in this situation. Classifiers are also necessary when specifring nouns. The structure is as follows:

Roger: B1n thich s6trg cr ViQt Nam kh6ng? Do you like living in Vietnam?

Phi6n: Thichl

classijier

* noun + ndy/et6/kia

Yes,I do. (Literally: "Like!")

44

45

6
"0"
'oto be

buo nhiAa "at", ar "to be at" ot

has a few meanings. the first is

in".
HA NQi

"bao nhiAu" is also a questiorl particle meaning "how tunlry". It is usually used when 4sking about latger, or more rtrrprcdictable amounts. It dl$b precedes it's object.
' t.

rl

e.g.

dViil Nam :

Ha NQi is in ViQt Nam

c6 mQt to b6o

6trnbdn:
there is a newspaper on the table

c.g.

ViQt Nam co bao nlli0u

n"' 'nguoi?

: :

how many people does Vi6t Nam have?

cu6n tri di6n ndy c6 bao nhiAu tu? how many words does this dictionary have?

"d'

also means to

live somewhere.

e.g. t6i d ViCt Nam

bqnd ddu? :

I live in ViQt Nam

where do you live?

"bao nhiAu" is also used like "how much", when asking

Hbuut mass nouns.

In order to indicate where you, or another person is at the current nroment, we must use"dang &".

c.g. c6i niy bao nhiu tidn?

how much is this?

e.g. t6i dang ri nhd

bqn dang

d ddu?

I am at home
where are you?

c6 bao nhiAu nu6c 6 trong chai? : how much water is in the bottle?

*iiy
'o*dy" is a question particle meaning "how rnany". It is usually used when asking about smaller, or more predictable arnounts. It precedes it's object.

Pronouns

e.g. c6 mtiy ngucri s6ng o

dd1r?

: :

how many people live here?

c6 rntiy c6,y vi6t 6 trdn bdn?

how many pens are on the table?

In this chapter we will begin learning how the speaker's scx and relative age to one another affect the use of pronouns. Vietnamese pronouns are actually titles, and as you will see, most of them are family terms. The following nrc some of the most commonly used pronouns in casual
spcech.

46

*'t .r*",

41

anh

"older brother". Used to address males who are the

same age or a little bit older than the speaker. Used

like "I" or "me" by male speakers of equal or slightly

older age than the speakers.

chi

"older sister". Used to address females who are the

same age or a little bit older than the speaker. Used

However, people would not usually say "em TuAn", for Ctnmple, because the speaker is older., Wf,pn the speaker is not familiar with the person they qpe talking with, they will Uaually refer to themselves as "t6i". 'i .:n "'i, : .4 ,,oI , n'
te
.,

"dy- is used to create third person pronouns

0.9.
^,4 : coay,
cnL

like "I" or "me" by female speakers of equal or slightly older age than the listener.
"younger sibling". Used to address speakers who are
younger than the speaker. Used like
speakers younger than the listener.

anh dy
..

: : :

ay
,!

"I"

emay

"hett or tthim" ttshe" or "hgr" "she" or tther" "he/she" or "him,/her"

or "me" by

It should be noted

that for men that addressing young women you do not

know well as "em" can be considered rude, or fresh.

co

"aunt". Used to address females who are significantly

older than the speaker. Used like

"I"

or "me" by

speakers significantly older than the listener.

However, "c6" is often used in polite speech to

address women the speaker is not familiar with.

hg

"they" or "them"

In Vietnamese, people usually only refer to each other

without a pronoun or title when they are already acquainted with each other, or when speaking with somebody younger than themselves. People generally use the pronoun by itself, or together with the given name, "c6 Phucrng", "anh Jack",

48

49

HQi Tho4i

1-

Conversation

HQi Tho4i

2rf
'1 ri

Conversation
I l'?

Dric:
Sarah:

TOi ld ngudi ViQt

Nam. B4n ld ngudi nu6c ndo?

are you?

I'm Vietnamese. Which nationality

TOi la nguoi

Jchn: C6i ndy bao nhi6u ti0n?

How much is this

't

M!.

Ohe?. t4

14

I'm American.

Ngtrtli bhn: Da,b6n mucvi nghin'ddng.

Forty thousand dong.
C5i ndy mfc qu5 chi!

Dric:

B4n sOng 6 dOu? Where do you live?

That's too expensive!

Cdn c6i d6 thi sao? N6 bao nhi6u?

Sarah: T6i s6ng o Chicago. Cdn ban thi sao?

I live in Chicago. How about you?

Dric:

How about that one? How much is it?

Hgudi b6n: Hai muoi l6m nghin il6ng.

T6i s6ng 0 He NOi.

I live in Hanoi.

Twenty-five thousand Dong

Jslrn: N6 rd lim. Tdi mu6n c6i tt6.

That's very cheap. I want that one. Ngurli b6n: Dp, cim
crn nhiAu.

Thank you very much.

John: Khdng c6 chi.

You're welcome.

Nolc:

In the question "bao nhiu ti6n?", the noun ridn (money) is often omitted.

50

51

Cfiu

Vin ddu?

Sentences

A: Bpn dang 6 ddu? Where are you?

1.

A: B:

DiQn tho4i

cr

ll:

Where is the telephone?

Di6n tho4i d trOn bdn.

The telephone is on the table.

A:

; f Tdi dang o nhd. ,i io I'm at home. ", . ur. ;,;r l Anh 6y dang o dduf
I

Where is he?

,'l

A: Mit kinh o ddu?

Where are the glasses?

l]: Anh 6y dang o ddy.

He is here.

B: Mit kinh 6 tr6n tivi.

The glasses are on the television.

t,

A: Phdng v0 sinh d ddu? Where is the bathroom?

A: Chi gh6 O daut

Where is the chair?

t):
C:

Phdng v0 sinh o b6n tr6i.

The bathroom is on the left. Phong vQ sinh o b6n Phii' The bathroom is on the right.

B: C:

C6i ghti o du6i crii bdn. The chair is under the table.
Chi gh6 O glfta

ciigiulng vd c6i bdn.

A:

CO 6y

c6 chi g\?

The chair is between the bed and the table.

What does she have?

A:
B:
C:

Cfli gi o tr6n bdn?

fl:
C:
al,

C6 5y c6 mQt tAm hinh.

She has a picture.

What is on the table?

C6 hai td gi6y 6 ftn bdn. There are two sheets of paper on the table. Cu6n tu di6n d tr6n bdn. The dictionary is on the table.

C6 Ay c6 mQt m5Y chqP hinh.

She has a cameta.

A:
B:

Ban lir nguoi nuoc ndo?

What nationality are You?

TOi ld nguoi

M!.

52

53

I'm American.

B. C6i d6t6md6la.
That one (over there) is 8
16,

10.
i

A: Anh 6y ld nguoi nu6c ndo?

What nationality is he?

follars.'
-+

'

A:

DiQn thopi

<r

trqpSn,
,

Phdi kh6ng?
9r
*

B: Anh 6y ld ngudi Vigt Nam.

I

Is the phone on thb table?.

He is Vietnamese.

Il:

Phei. N6 o tr6n bin.

11.

A:

CO 6y ld ngucri nu6c ndo?

Yes. It is on the table.

What nationality is she?

B: Cet dy ld ngudi Anh..
She is English.
17.

C. Kh6ng. A: H9ld B:

N6 kh6ng o tr6n bdn.

No. It is not on the table

ngudi Nhflt hay lir nguoi Hdn Qu6c?

12.

A: C6 Anchana ld ngudi nu6c ndo?

What nationality is Ms. Anchana?

Are they Japanese or Korean? Hg ld ngudi Hdn Qu6c. They are Korean.

B: Cf' 6y ld nguoi Th6i.

She is Thai.

It.

A: B4n ld ngu<ri ViQt Nam, Phii kh6ng?. You are Vietnamese, aren't You?.

13.

A: Cbiniry bao nhiu?

How much is this one? B: Cdinity ndm mucyi nghin t16ng. This one is 50,000 dong.

B: Phdi.

TOi ld ngudi ViQt Nam.

Yes, I am Vietnamese.

C: Kh6ng phdi. T6i ld ngudi

No. I'm Laotian.
le.

Ldo.

14.

A. C6i d6 bao nhi6u?

How much is that one?
B. CAi d6 biy muoi l[m nghin tt6ng. That one is 75,000 dong.

A: Tii5ng ViCt kh6 kh6ng?

Is Vietnamese diffi cult?

B:

Kh6.
Yes.

15.

A. Chikiabao nhi6u?
How much is that one (over there)?

54

55

C:

Kh6ng. Ti6ng ViQt kh6ng kh6.

Exercises

No. Vietnamese
20.

is not

difficult.

:l
l,
!a\

r i,l

A: Ting ViCt (thD de.

Vietnamese is easy.

Itrncticc saying the following numbefs inVietnamese'

B: Ti6ng Vigt (thi) kh6ng d6.

Vietnamese is not easy.

1000

, )!,zirboo

3.47,000

4.

100,000

C. D.

Ti6ng Anh (thi) kh6.

5. 38,500

6.420,000

English is difficult.

7. 1,000,000
:

8. 2,650,000

Ti0ng Anh (thD khdng kh6. English is not difficult.

l,

Writc out the following numbers using the Vietnamese script'

21. A:

C6i ndy (thi) mic qu6.

Example: t50
m6t trdm ndm muoi

This one is too expensive.

B:

C6i ndy (thi) kh6ng mic.

This one is not expensive.

2500
Note: the verb thi (to be) is usually omitted in these cases.

541 8900

85,000 400,000

9540 7,000,000
I,

t:

t* ,G
17

3,640,000 55,000

56

57

3.

Respond to the following questions and statements in Vietnamese.

Test 2
, o'
Mgtclr the English vocabulary with the,Viefiramese vocabulary

Practice speaking and writing.

:{

l.

B4n ld nguoi nu6c ndo?

2. 3.
4.

B4n s6ng 0 ddu?

Titing Viet c6 kh6 kh6ng?

4. 5. 6. _ : ,7. : _ 8. _ - 9. : _

l. language . " a. tirm 2. dictionary " b. de 3. under c. nu6c My

expenslve
easy

,i

t,t

Korean person bedroom telephone between

left

Bpn ld nguoi Nhat, ph6i kh6ng?

_ - 11. money : _ 12. America _ _13. in : _ 14. chair __15.on

d. dudi e. cii gh f. trong g. cu6n fi di6n h. tr6n i. ciligiucrng j. nguoi Hdn Qu6c k. ng6n ngfr

l. mic
m. gita n. kh6 o. bn tr6i p. tliQn thoai q. c6i bdn r. phong ngtr

4.

Write the question that should precede these answers.

l.
C6i ndy m$t triQu d6ng.
2.

Anh 6y s6ng o Hdn Qu6c.

J.

Cutin tu tli6n 0 tren ban.

58

Translation Test: Write and say the following sentences in Vietnamese.

Repeat them several times to practice pronunciation.

ffm Phu '

Consonants
, i']

ln this chapter we will irltroducd five consonants and four Bnaonant clusters, for a to11| ofbevdn sounds.
Ie4 t!. ,i "t
P

What nationality are you?

I am American.

like the z in Zoo (north) like the r inyight (south)

X

Th"d@
iir
I

like the s in sell

c and
How much is this one?

k*

an unvoiced, unaspirated

sound somewhere between

akandagsound.
That one is quite expensive.

d and gi*
I have a telephone.

like the z in zoo (north) likethe yinyes (south)

like the t rn leach

th
The dictionary is under the bed.

ch
The book is between the paper and the camera.

like the ch in choose like the k in kitchen

kh
*

Where is the television?

r'irnd k create the same sound in Vietnamese, however k rltly precedes the vowels i, e, andy. In all other cases c

will

be used.

+ 'l'he consonant g only takes this sound when preceding the vowcl I .

60

61

Nguy0n Am

Vowels

Thanh ttiQu

Tones
i \-

Vietnamese has long and short vowels, and of course simple and complex vowels. In this chapter we will learn seven long, simple vowels.

ln this chapter we will learn thp other three tones.

nt.
s4

:{

ngng

0
u,

like the o in other

similar to the ur

r' The tone "nd.ng" begins at avery low tone, and then drops sharply at the end. The tone "hdi" begins at a mid pitch, drops to a lower pitch, and the rises to a higher pitch, similiar to yes/no questions in English. The tone "ngd" begins at about the same pitch as h6i, and then also drops, but has a glottal stop, or "break" in the sound, and then rises to a much higher pitch.

lr*
a**

infur
in

h6i

same as the vowel a

Vietnamese, but shorter

a**

same as the vowel a in

Vietnamese, but shorter

ngd*

ic**
LA
*

like the ea tn dean

like the ia rn tlgra

+ lrr southern

the only consonants w canbe followedby ate c, t and -ng.

d, A, and i are never used without a final consonant.

**

Vietnam, ngd is prounced the same as h6i. The qorrlltcrn Vietnamese dialect, therefore, only has 5 tones. I lris <loes not, however, change spelling. Words that ate wlrttcn using di:u ngd rnthe north, are spelled the same wav Irr thc south. It does, however, lead to some common rpclling mistakes.

62

63

Pronunciation Exercise
Listen to your Viehramese instructor and repeat.

thq thfr thti thia thia thia

chg chfi

38. th4o
l
i

thio thf,o

140.
I

th{n thin thin

!'*

thfln thAn ttrinl:

42. thiQn thiOn thi6n

f44. chq chfr chir

1. rg rO rd

2. rV rir rfr

chd . '

,,
_

3. rgo
I

rio

rflo

*,.'

5. ran ran ran 7. riQn ri6n ri6n 9. xU xfr xfr

11. xia xia xia 13. xgn xAn x6n 15. cq cO cd

4. ria ria ria t). ran ran ran

8. xg xd xd
10. x4o

ch4o chio chflo

46. chia chia chia 48. chfln chAn chin 50. khq khfr khd 52. khpo khio khflo 54. kh4n khnn khfrn

ch{n chin chin

chiQn chi6n chi6n

xio xflo 12.xin xin xin

khq khfr khir khia khia khia

khfln khAn khAn
khiQn khi6n khi6n

14. xiQn xi6n xi6n 16. cr; cfr clr 18. kia kia kia

17. c4o cfro cflo

19. c{n

cin cin

Listening Exercise
Write the syllables your instructor reads to you.

20. cgn cAn cfrn 22. d,g dO

26. d$n
dO

21. kiQn ki6n ki6n 23. dg dfr dir 25. dia dia dia

24. d4o dio dflo

dln din

c.p. 1.
t.
3.
5. 7. 9.

thiln
,,

27. dgn dAn din

29. giq gi0 gid 31. gi4o giio giflo
.3 .s gran JJ. gten gran

28. diQn di6n di6n 30.

giq gifr giir

32. gi1 gi6 gifl

34. gign giAn gifin

4. 6. 8. 10.

35. giQn gi6n gi6n

36. thg th0 thd

l.

12.

65

Lesson 3
itlrrt',.:s, action verbs, transport, continuous tense, lur.,rt' lbod and drink.

{'d "'-..r' *

67

l',

!.esson 3

Tir vgng
,

.t

'
!

Vocabulary

thitruong
bay

i. ir

n{

mad<et

airplane

bay
hQc

airport
school

dai hqc
h8c

university
class

vi9n

library

hing, qu6n 6n, tiQm

cA ph6

in

restaurant
caf6, coffee shop store, shop
gas station

hAng

x[ng
a6ch

book store hospital dentist's office

post office

vl9n kh6m rdng

diQn

[59n hdng
(lda) dai sr ile ltla, tdu hoa
ga 5e xe ltra,
b6n *e

bank
embassy

train
hoa

tiu

train station
bus station

68

69

@hieQ xe bulft (chic) xe d4p (chic) 6 t6, (chic) xe hoi

bus

dqre

to read
I t-

bicycle
car, automobile

vi6t eltui

to write
t.,

to play

*e g6n m6y, xe Honda

,J Dang

motorcycle

lelll
llrle lr

to#atch
to like (verb) + "ing" movie, film phim
cinema, movie theatre theatre, opera house water, fluid,liquid

by
to go to come to do
to work

di
-^ den

dntrg t (verb)

llrlilphim
rggr chiOu

ldm
ldm vi6c

nhrl trirt

di ldm
cCIm

to go to work
cooked rice

Ittttr':

nll(le uong
Fttttc su6i
attt vfit, cam 6p s6 phc

,A

drinking water mineral water

orange juice

nau an dn,

A-

to cook to eat to drink

can, okay

[n com

uong dugc co tne

mQt
,'.4

coffee

rfttt
trA

milk
tea
iced tea
sfta d6

to be able to
a

it

little, a little bit

trA dri
r11 grhO

hgc

to learn, to study to go to school

to know, to know how

iced coffee with milk beer

tli hgc
bict
day

htrr
I

lfqtu

alcohol wine whiskey

to teach to speak, to talk, to say to talk on the telephone

rlrqtu vang

n6i
n6i chuyQn qua diQn thopi

Itrr,ltt manh

i4..4 :

.,

.,

,1

7l

70

ph6

a type

of rice noodle

Ngir PhfP

Grammar,,
I

soup, very popular

in

cd th? and {wgc

t. {l ,dggc,, has several *.urrihgrour{ dses, in.this chant3r.y! verb "cd euutt two of them. Therf*s't i5 used with the ! 'tt=* to similar "1716" to show ability to perform an action, or "to be able to" in English. "c6 th6"' and"thd' ate ly omitted The structure is as follows:

-:

Vietnam

bfn
mi
htr

vermicelli noodles yellow noodles

tiu

rice noodles

+ rubject + (c6 th) verb t object thtqc lubject + (c6 th) verb i ilwgc + object

F,g.

tdi (c6

thq n6iti6ng ViQt Narn duqc : I can speak Vietnamese

anh 6y

: Ghqbi duqc xegin m6Y

he can ride a motorbike

Negative statements also take two different forms'

tr

+ rubject + khhng (cd nAnnQ+ verb + ttwgc object rubject * verb + object + khdng ihtgc

e.g.

t6i kh6ng 1tne7 nOi daqc tierrgViQt Nam I can't speak Vietnamese
anh 6y

l6i xe ghnm6Y kh6ng daqc he can't ride a motorbike

to mean "to be ln this funtion, "dtto. c" can also be translated

kaY".

72

73

e.g. Q: t6i

dn

c\i ndy dugc kh6ng? : is it okay if I eat this?

b4n bit n6u dn kh6ng?

'

'

do y'ou know how to cook?

A: dugc : yes, that's okay A: kh6ng dugc : no, that's not okay
"dwoc" is also used to show whether or not we have permission, or are allowed to do something. It is often used with the word"phep". In this case, the structure is like this:
rl

It is nrore common to usE :,'bi6f in this situation in llforrrrrrl speech than to vse"dtbv. c" i'
Although verbs do not change form to show tense in future, and Ylgtrurrncse, there are ways to indicate past, just to look at going Entinous tense. In this chapter we're FRlittttous tense.

subject + (kh6ng) ituqc (phdp) + verb + object

e.g. tdi duqc

(phdp) u5ng

bia:

tlang and vQY

"tfutng" is an adverb which is used before verbs to express !tiorrs which are currently in progress'

I'm allowed to drink beer

anhdy kh6ng duqc (phdp) 16i xe ghnmhy : he's not allowed to ride a motorbike

e,g. t6i dang hQc : I'm

tdi dang doc b6o :
t6i dang 5n com:

studYing

[li

bi0t
The word "bit", or "to know", in Vietnamese, also functions llke "ductc" to show ability to perform an action. Roughly translated it means "to know how to" or "to be able to". It follows this structure: subject + (kh6ng) biAt+ verb + object

lti
16t

I'm reading a newspaper I'm eating rice

gl '!J

tri

Whcn the context is clear, "dang" is usually omitted in Inlirrrnal speech. ln questions the final particle "vdy" is added

^. biA '.: noi ti6ng Vi6t Nam : e.g. t6i I know how to speak Vietnamese
anhhy kh6ng bietl\ixe gin miry : he doesn't know how to ride a motorbike

c.g.

bpn dang ldm gi vay?

what are you doing?

lrr informal speech,

"dongi'is often omitted in questions'

c.g.

bpn xem Phim gi vflY?

what film are You watching?

74
i

7s

HQi Tho4i
f,

I -

Conversation

I
FbAt:

HQiTho4i2

- Conversation2
r l'' :l

'l
I

Tuyi5t: Anh Mark c6 th6 n6i tlugc ting

ViQt kh6ng?

Xin chdo chi Huong- cdi aahg ldm gi vflv?

t.

Can you speak Vietnamese, Mark?

Hello Hucrng. What dreyou dding?

Mark:
I
Tuy6t:

T6i c6 th6 n6i dugc mOt it.

can speak a little.

Huong: Xin chio PhSt' Chi dang dqc

Hi Ph6t. I'm reading
a

s6ch.

book.

Anh hqc titing ViQt d t16u?

Where do you study Vietnamese?

FhAt:

Chi mu6n di xem phim v6i em kh6ng?

tl
lrl

,l

Do you want to go watch a movie with me?

Mark:
tl
i I

O Sdi Gdn. Tdi hqc titing Viet 6 mQt trucrng il4i

Htfong: Kh6ng. Chi khdng mu6n di xem phim' Chi mudn

di In ccrm.
No, I don't want to go watch a movie. I want to go
eat.

In Saigon. I study Vietnamese at the university.

Tuytit:

Anh n6i titing ViQt gi6i 6m!

You speak Vietnamese very well!

Mark:
Tuytit:

C6m crn c6!

Chi mu6n dn gi?

What do you want to eat?

Thank you!

Kh6ng c6 chi. R6t vui dugc n6i chuyQn v6i anh.

: Chi mu6n 5n phd. Dugc kh6ng?

I want to eat pho. Is that okaY?

You're welcome. It was very nice talking with you.

Duoc.
Yes, that's okay.

71

IIQi Tho4i

3 -

Conversation

Cf,u

Vin : vQy?
'

Sentences
l-

I'
i.,
I

Vfl:

Kh6nh

oi!

Ern dang di d6u vflY?

A: Ban dang ldm gi

Khanh! Where are you going?

?'. .'. What are you dotngt

Ir: T6i dang hgc titing ViQt.

"n

Khdnh: Em

cli u6ng cd ph6.

I'm going to drink coffee.

I'm studying Vietnamese. (': TOi dang dn ccrm. I'm eating. l): T6i dang n6i
A-

Vfr:

Emdi u6ng cdph6 oddu?

Where are you going to drink coffee?

Kh6nh: O mQt qu6n

ddu?

cd

ph6. Cdn anh thi sao? Anh dang di

chuyQn tr6n diQn tho4i.

I'm talking on the telePhone.

are you

At the coffee shop. How about you? Where

going?

li:

ol dang nau an.

I'm cooking.
A: Ban (dang) di ddu? Where are you going?

Vfr:

Anh dang di ldm.

I'm going to work. KhSnh: Anh ldm viQc cr d6u?

Where do you work?

l):

Toi tti tt6n r4p chi6u phim.

I'm going to the cinema.

Vfi:

Anh ldm viQc o mQt buu diQn.

C: Tdi di d6n b6n xe.

I'm going to the bus station.

I work at a post office.

l): T6i di u6ng bia.

I'm going to drink
beer.

li:

Toi di ldm.

I'm going to work.

79
78

F:

TOi di di5n ga Sdi Gdn.

\:

Anh 5y di Hn NQi bing c6i gi? How is he going to

I'm going to the Saigon train station.

3.

Hanoi?,

\'*

A:

CO 6y

hm viQc d ddu?

]: l: \: l:
J:

Anh 6y di Hn NQi-bing ke lua. He's going to Hanbi.bY train.

9.
r

Where does she work?

B: C6 6y hm vi0c d mQt thu viQn.

She works at a library.

Anh 6y di Hd NQi bing'mhY baY. He's going to Hanoi bY Plane.

B4n Uitit vi6t ti6ng

C: CO 5y ldm viQc o mQt tram xdng.

She works at a gas station.

Nhft kh6ng?

Do you know how to write JaPanese?

D: CO 6y lim viqc o tod d4i sri Anh.

She works at the English embassY.
E.

(T6i) bii5t.
Yes, I know how. (TOi) kh6ng bii5t.

C6

6ty

ldm vigc d mQt ngdn hing.

She works at a bank.

No, I don't know how.

A: B4n tli lim bing c6i gi? How do you go to work? B: T6i di ldm bing xe bulft.

A: B4n dgc titing Anh

du-o. c

k*r6ng?

Can you read English?

B: Eugc.
Yes, I can.

I go to work by bus.
C: TOi di ldm

bing xe 6 t6.

C: Kh6ngdugc.
No, I can't.

I go to work by car.

D: T6i di ldm bing xe ghnmSy.

I go to work by motorcycle.

A: B:

B4n mu6n u6ng gi?

What do you want to drink?

TOi mu5n u6ng nu6c.

E:

TOi di ldm

bing xe d4p.

I go to work by bicycle.

I want to drink water.

80

8l C: T6i mu6n u6ng trd d5.

Exercises

r \'-

I want to drink iced tea.

D: TOi mu6n u6ng rucru manh'

:l
L
Wrirc and say the following s*enlencJs in English' Repeat the practicp4pronunciation' Vilnttttrcsc phrases several timeS.to u{'t 't' .t

I want to drink whiskeY.

9.

A: B4n thich u6ng cam vit kh6ng? Do you like to drink orange juice?
B: Thich.

T6i dang n6i chuYQn qua diQn thoai.

Tram xdng o ddu vflY?

I like it.

C: D:

Thich ldm.

I like it very much.

Khdng (thich).

Tdi ldm viQc o sdn baY.

I don't like it.

A'rfiy
B4n rli

kh6"g tht.h hqc ti6ng Anh.

diu vfly?

Hq di 5n pho.

Anh 6y kh6ng mu6n u6ng trd d6.

TOi

di Sdi Gon bing xe lua.

82

83

2.RespondtothefollowingquestionsandstatementsinVietnamese.
Practice speaking and writing.

Test 3

t'*

,t
vocabulary Match the English vocabulary with the Vibtnamese

t.
2.

Ban bitit n6i tiiing Vit khdng?

Ban thich u6ng cd Ph khdng?

3.

B4ndang lim gi vflY?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

4.

Cu6n sach d trong thu viQn, phii ldr6ng?

bicycle to speak bus station university to learn water train library to eat 10. to write 11. eoffeeshoP 12. to read

'an.trydfig dPi hqc ' b..xe bulit c. 5n d. ngin hing e. xe d4p f. btin xe

g.xedt6
h. hqc

j.

i.

qu6nciphO xe lua

13. bus 14. bank 15. to like

J.

Write the question that should precede these answers'

k. dqc 1. xem m. thu vin n. kh6 o. n6i p. mrdc q. thich

r. vi6t
t.
TOi di 2.

lim bing xe bu;it.

C6 6y hm viQc 6 mQt ngdn hdng.

J.

TOi di di5n ga xe lira.

* ", .i,,r

85

84

Translation Test: Write and say the following sentences in Vietnamese'

Repeat them several times to practice pronunciation'

I go to work by bus.

Where is the bus station?

, q'] ln this chapter we're just $oing t6 concentrate on final is ttnsonant sounds. The number of final consonants by the llnritcd. In some cases the ib{isonant gan be changed be can vowct that is used, or just thd bgposlt, the vowel gltercd by what final consondnt is used'

flm Phu '

Consonants

I want to eat.

-m

like the m rn them like the n inwhenlike thep in caBbut unaspirated similiar to the t in selbut unaspirated

Do you want to drirlk eoffee?

-n

-p*
He works atallbrary.
_1x

They study English at

university.

I am watching

a movie.

^* -v

Can you speak Vietnamese?

like the ckinPagfobut unaspirated. When following 6, o and u the lips come together, like with -p
like the ng tn si2g. When following 6, o andz the liPs come together, like with -m

What are they doing?

-ng

86

t.,

87

-ch*

like the ck in stiek (north) like -r, as above, but the vowel is altered (south) like -ng, as above (narth) like -n, as above, but the vowel is altered (south)

the Llften to your instructor and repeat the following syllables containing in sound after 6, o f,nal consonant c. Pay close attention to the differenoe

$d

lr.
,1111

l.
-nh

chi6c chiQc
khQc

3. kh6c 7. c6c

.,.4.
.
t.

ttttt/.
)

9.

thfc thlc bic b{c

tltic
tlQc

5. r6c rflc
cgc

6. 8.

The final consonants -c,- p,- t, and the cluster -ch ate found in words using the tones sdc and ndng' The other tones are Rever used in words containing these final

mfc mgc

li'i
rl1

consonants.

containing the Llrtent to your instructor and repeat the following syltables in sound ingl consonant cluster -ng. Pay close attention to the difference

lftor d, o andu.

Pronunciation Exercises

1. hgng thing bing

Listentoyourinstructorandrepeatthefollowingsyllablescontaining
final consonants -m,-n,- P and -t.
i

2. mi6ng
6. khdng 8.

xiGng ki6ng

3. gung lftng khfrng 5. mfin

4. hlng ning thnng

tldng xdng long n6ng bdng

rfn

thfin

l,

lr
I

1. ccrm thom bom 3. th0m rffm dm 5. h6m kh6m gi6m 7. li6n bi0n chi0n 9. rffn cAn thAn
11. xf,n

2. kim xim lim 4. xgm kgm tlgm 6. mfrm hfim chfl 8. khin
12.

7. thing chung bgng

the Lintcn to your instructor and repeat the following sytlables containing

linnl consonant clusters

rin nin

-ch

and_.nh. Note that they are only found

i.

following the vowels a and

10. hQn rQn chQn

thin giin

min lin thin

1. thich bich xich

2. llch khich illch

13. m6p th6p l6P 15. brfrt hfrt mrfrt

14. xgp kep deP 16. chQt tIQt mQt

3. linh hinh thinh 5. anh chinh manh

4. chinh xinh dinh

6. lgnh khfnh thanh

88

Listening Exercise
Write the syllables your instructor reads to you.

e.g. l.
1.

ttdne

)
4. 6. 8. 10.

3. 5. 7.

9.
11. 13. 15.

12.

t4.

16.
18.

17.

19.

20.

r t t-&ga,.

9l

Bei 4
Tir vgng
tt6ng h6, ting

Lesson 4

t
rt ;l

't
]

I
.,

I t'. Vocabulary

'ri l,

|r, "

hour. 1? mihute
second
'

exactly, correct

half
almost, close, near
alreadY

wi$
more
ndm phrit nfia

future tense

about, around

in five more minutes early, soon

late

'iudc khi tru khi

before

after
at

Ite

thi thi rld

ndo?

when? (a question Particle) when

time (hour of the daY)

gio? what time?

ErAY

92

mAy gio rdi?

what time is it?

at what time?

tdng
tnra
16i

':

..rr*-t
,

93

to eat breakfast to eat lunchr'j

to,eat drnner
r! tl to eat late at
t, l
' tt

lirc mAy gio?

bdy gid, hic ndy
,

,.

now mornmg
noon afternoon

Duol sang

l.

khuya ty
h s4n phdng
' ". l: can; can pnal r I I

nisht

'botttpuny
hotel

bu6i trua
UuOi ctri6u
.

buol tol

1,..i.

night midnight from

to arrive, to come

office
mLlst, have to, need

ban khuya

tu
-t den cho d6n

d0y d0v
tAm

to get up
to.wake up to bathe, to take,a shower

until
I

khdihenh
chd, doi d6n

to depart to wait
to pick someone up

th6 duc

to

exercisg

to sleep
ngil

to go to sleep
to take a midday nap to take a break, to rest

thudng
VE

usually to return, to go home to invite party to go to aparty

i

i trua; ngi trua

nghi; nghi ngoi

mdi
UuOi tlgc

di du tiQc
th6

he?

oh really?

(ngey) h6m nay (ngny) h6m qua (ngdy) mai

today
yesterday

tomorrow

95

94

Gidr

12:00- muoi hai gio trua

l:00 mQt gio chiAu

12:00 mudi hai gitr khuYa

1:00 mQt gio s6ng 2:00 hai gid sing 3:00 ba gid s6ng
4:O0
btin giosing

5:00 ndm gid sing 6:00 s6u gid sing 7:00 biygiosing 8:00 trlm giosing 9:00 chin gid s"ing
10:00 muoi gio s6ng

2:0A hai gio chiu 3:00 ba gio chidu 'l,f: 4:00 b6ngid chiAu 'u"*,, 5:00 n[m gi] chiAu 6:00 s6u gi<r t6i 7:00 bay gid trSi 8:00 timgid tdi 9:00 chin gio ttii
10:00 muoi gio t6i
I

't I

l:00

mudi mQt gid t6i

ll:00

muoi mQtgid trua

96

Ngir phfP

Grammar

miiy

gid
I

C'l

"mdy gid'is used to ask about specific times. Firstly, to

khi ndo

and bao

gid

Gk about the current,i*". ,,

"khi ndo" and"bao gid' ate question particles which its position used to ask the question "when?"' However' future .hung., depending on whether we are asking about
past events

e.g. rn6y gio rdi? :

"..,!

*n

what time idait?

o'hhi ndo" It is also used like a question particle. As with Jttd " hao gid' , it's position changes depending on wtrether or loi you're asking about future and past or general events-

is like t When asking about future events the structure

c.g. m6y gio

b4n di ldm?

khi ndo/bao gid + subject + verb + object

what tirne will you go to work?

cd 6y d6n ddy m6y sid? : what tirne didshe arrive here?
b,qn thutrng

e.g. khi ndo b4n di DdLat? : when will You go to Ed Lqt? bao gittco 6y v0 nhd?

when

will

she go home?

thuc day rn6y gio? : what tirne do you usually wake uP?

general And when asking about past events and for questions, the structure is like this: subject + verb + object + khi ndo/bao gid

The word "ltic'o is similar to the word "'at" in EnglisLl

whcn speciffing time.

c.g. lirc m6y gi'd

e'g'

b4n di Dd Latkhi

"u"I;^did :

vou go to Dd L,t?

hic tiirn gio mubi ldm phrit : at eight fifteen lfc s6u gio srlng : at six o'clock in the rnorning

at what time?

c6 6yv6 nhd bao gid?

when did she go home?

b4n thudng di chg khi ndo -n"tt do you usually go to the market?

However, when using '"Iilc wtdy gid'as a question pnrticle, the position usually stays at the end'of the sentence' tt does not change position to indicate past or fufi.rre action.

e.g. ban di ldm lfc m6y gio?

:
do/will you go to work?

at what tirne

98
le

99 cO 6y

tttin tl6y hic m6y gid? at what time did/will she arrive here

Pronouns
l f '.

bpn thuong thric dfly hic m6y gicr? at what time do you usually wake up?

ln this chapter we will l.u* ,oln"tdifferent ways to say Itwc" and "us" in Vietname$e.,, i" . n9 r't
tSl

sd
The word

* verb

minh

.u

'

Used in informal situations with people whom the

"sd'is

used when talking about future events.

speaker is familiar or intimate with, e.g. family

e.g. t6i

gio : He will arrive in Hi NQi at six o'clock t6i sE di t16n anhiy : I will go pick him up
anh dy sE d6n Hd NQi hic s6u
,A

sE

tli ldm

I will go to work

members or close friends. It can be used when the listener is or is not included in the statement.

h{rng ta

However, in informal speech'3d'is usually dropped when it is not necessary in order to understand that the speaker is talking about a future event.

Used in formal situations, or when the speakers are not close with one another. It is only used when the listener is included in the statement.

e.g. ngdy mai t6i tli ldm

I'm going to work tomorrow

G.g.

A:

Bpn tli xem phim v6i tdi dugc kh6ng?

Can you go see a movie with me?

B:

Duoc. Khi ndo chilng ta

d1?

Yes, I can. When will we go?

A:

Chilng ta dibiry giit.

We'll go at seven o'clock.

r00

ch{tng t6i
Used in forrnal sitr.rations, or when the speakers are

("

Il$i'Thogil -

ConversationX

not close with one another. It is only used when the listener is not included in the statement.

g{vaY? Chdo Trinh, em dang lirqi".'-

Ngdy rnai b4n lim gt?

What ar you doing tomorrow?
TOi

Hello Trinh, what ard$bu i. doing? fl d, shdo anh ThiQn! nit+W,ming cd ldm gi.
Ol*, trello ThiQn!

I'm not doing anylhing.

nrui5n nroi er,rl

Thflt sao?

Alfi

di

dW tiQc

vdi anh'

di choi vdi

rnQt ngudi barr.. Chilng

t6i di

xem phirn.

Really? I want to inv.ite ycu to a part'y.

I'rn going out with

see a movie.

friend. We're going to

Trintt: Thigr:

Th6 A? Khi ndc tqli nxinh di?

Reall.y? W.hen are we going?

A.:

rUti rlar Ei tfc rn4y gid b9n?

Ngdyrnai"

Real$? W'trat time are you going?

Chfing t6i dibhy gid" Bnn mu6n di vdi chung

Tomrrow-

Trinh: Lfc m6y giil?

At vrllat time?

t6ihh?
Vy'e're going at sovon

o'clock. Do you want to

ThiQr*:

Khotimg teirn gie'tdi

fiIi r$inh di.

corne w,ith us?

We'trtr goaround & o'cloek.

Trinh:
Thien:

Nhtrng

enn

phii

trdrn viQc

d&r shfur gid r'wdil

tsut I have to,wof,k until 9:3'01

Kh'6ng thdall v,fur AAt

Affi

s6'ahd ern.

No problerr,r! I'lltr wait for

Yor:'.

H$l Thogl

2-

Conversation 2

HQi

Tho4l3
oi!

Conversation 3
f

Aldr?

Anh Mdn

H6m nay qnh'c6 lim gi kh6ng?

Hello? Chdo c6 Phung, Cudng rldy. Ngdy mai

c6 di Nha Trang ph6i kh6ng?

Mdn! Are you doin$'6hYthingtodaY?

MAn:

Anh di ldm. Anh A6n?6ngtv hic t5m gid.

I'm going to work. I arrive at work at 8:00'

Hello Phgng, this is Cudng. you,re coming to Nha

Trang tomorrow, aren,t you? Phsng: Da,

l,inh:
Mdn:

Anh nghi trua hic mAY gio?

At what time do you take your lunch break?

Lric mudi hai gid trua. Em mu6n ilnlruavcri anh
ldr6ng?

phii. Xe hia kh6i hdnh hic siiu gid rudi.

Yes. The train leaves at six-thirty.

C6 d6n Nha Trang hic m6y gio?

At

12:00

Noon. Do you want to eat lunch with me?

What time do you arrive in Nha Trang?

Dp mu6n! Vfly em g[P anh 6 tl6u? Yes, I do. So where will I meet You?
O kh6ch san Sheraton.

Phung: T6i d6n lirc ba gid chi6u.

I arrive at three in the afternoon.
Cucrng: TOi c6 th6 di5n d6n c6 dugc kh6ng?
Can

At the Sheraton hotel.

ROi. f,m
sE gap anh

I come pick you

up?

hic mudi hai gid trua.

Phgng: D4 dugc. Crlm crn nhi6u! Mai gflp lai anh.

Yes. Thank you very much!
See

Okay. I'11meet you at 12:00 Noon.

you tomorrow.

Culng: Mai gdp lai c6.

See

you tomorrow.

Cfiu
x.

Vdn -

Sentences

3.

A: tsan di ldrn lirc mdY gio?

Wh.at tirne do Yoll go to work?'
,

-*,

t-,

Bdy gid'lid nn6y gid?

Wha,t tirne is
B::

B: Tdi di lem hic biY gio rudi.I 'I

I go'to work at 7:36r1i
C: Ban v0 nhb liic

,,

it

no;rv?

M6y gio r6i? What tinrE is it?

*aY gi8n t

What tirne do Y'oll go home?'

D: T6,i v0 nhd hic s6tr gid.

BAy gicllid trim gio srfng.

It is 8 anl now.
B: Bdy gid ld mudi hai gid, trua.

I go horne at 5 o'ctroEk.

4. A: B-an thudng di ngtr lirc rn6y gi'd?

What time do you rrsually go to streepl
ts:

It

isr 1,2 Noo.Lr

now.

Bdn gid ch'i6u (rOl1.

Xt ils,4 prar.

Tdi thrx,bng tli ngrl hlc mudi gio't6lI usually goto

streeP

at 1O$CIPrn-

Di ts6y gid t6i, (rdi).

C. TOi thudmg di ngu k&odrag r,nuoi Lrai gid khuya'

It is 7 pm.
E:

I usually go,to sleop aro'und r'nidnight.

D: Tdi thudng di
r,rgu m6.. streeP [ate.

Mudi u,gt gid drn. It is

11 prrl.

I usually go to
E. T0'iithudmg
<tri

IVtrndi hai g.id khuya.

Xt
GJ.

ngtr sorn.

is

X2

Midnig-ht.

I usuatrly go to,sleeP early.

Gdn bAy gio,

A.l.nnss17;'64.

A: T6,i phAiidCn cdng ty trudc t6m gi'd' sri'ng'

I
r,nust

arrive at rrry'aor[pany lhe"fore 8:00' a;rr'

gidr.
7::0O'.

H. Sau trirn gio,m,Qt chft.

ts: Xe br+yt d,On b6n xe sau biy

A litttre after 8:0,0,"

The br*s. a,r,rives at the stati,oll, aftEr

r06

t0'7

C:

Ban phdi t16n sdn bay tru6c khi m6y bay kh6i hdnh hai ti6ng.

C.

TOi thuong nghe nh4c tru6c khi di

ngt'

I usually listen to music before I gq to sleep'

You must arrive at the airport two hours before

the plane departs.

A. B.
C.
10.

Sau

khi thuc dOy cO 6t,Hit$g ldm gi?

After she gets up, *hht doesshe usually do?

CO 6y thucrng dn s6ng bbu

D: Tdi sO ggi diQn tho4i cho ban sau khi ttrin Hd N6i.
I will call you after I arrive in Hanoi.
6.

klii thuc day'

She usually eats breakfast after she gets up'

CO ay thucrng tQp thC duc sau

A: B:
C:

Anh nghi trua ru mudi hai gid di5n m6t gid rudi.

khi thuc dfly'

I take lunch break from 12:00 until l:30.

Em
sE chry anh

She usually exercises after she gets up'

dy cho d6n sriu gid.

A. B.
C.

Em thucng ldm gi tru6c khi di ngri?

I will wait for him until 6:00.

C6 6y ldm vi6c tu sdng dtin t6i.
She works from morning
7.

What do you usually do before you go to sleep?

Em thucrng tli tam tru6c khi di ngir.

until night.

I usually take a shower before I go to sleep'

Em thuong xem tivi tru6c khi di ngri'

A: B:

Bdy gid anh 6y se di d6n kh6ch spn.

He will go to the hotel now.

I usually watch TV before I go to sleep'

Ngdy mai anh 6y s6 di dU tiQc. Tomorrow he will go to a party.

C: H6m nay chi 6y d6n vdn phdng

8.

s6m l8m.

Today she went to the office very early.

A. B.

Anh thuong nghe nhac khi ndo?

When do you usually listen to music?

T6i thucrng nghe nhac khi tlang hqc bdi.

I usually listen to music when I study.

108

t+ u*l

109
f-,,

Exercises

Z.

nespo"i to dre following questions and staternents in Vietnamese.

Itractice speakrng and writing.

r \'.
df,Y luc

1. Write and

say the following sentences in English. Repeat the

l.

B4n thucrng

thfc

maigio?
h

Vietnamese phrases several times to practice pronunciation.

, ?.t

T6i

di ngri sau mudi l5m phrit nfla.

Tru6c khi di ngir b4n thucrng

lim

gi?

H6m qua anh 6y dtin cdng ty tr6.

Sau

khi h4n hqc tir5ng Vit b4n

sE

lirn

gi?

Anh phii chd o Aay Oen t hi---iO

ffin
Bdy gio

Bdy gio tdi phai di.

li rn6y gio?

Anh 6y thuong [&6ng dn t6i tr,udc tdm gio.

Write the question that should precede these answers'

Sau

khi dn s.ing t6,i di tirn.

Chf khdng thich thrla dSy sdm.

TOi thucrng thuc d{Y tr6.

Khi

nd,o

tui minh se di fu ti,gc?

May bay khdi hinh hic tarngid hai rnuoi'
l

Xe lua ddn ga l{rc rn6y gid?

J.

HOm nay anh 6y d;5n c6ng ty sau chin gi$ mQt chrit'

110

l*'"

lll
./.-

Test 4
Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamese vocabulary

,l.ranslation

f"ri

'Writ"

and say the following sentences in Vietnamese.

Itcpeat them several times to practice

pronunciation'
l \''

I The plane arrives at the airport at 11:30 am'

,r ;

l.
2.
J.

_4.
5. 6. 7. 8.

, t.

,_

9.
11.

10.

12.
13.

company early to return yesterday now tomorrow to wait to depart after at night to wake up hotel

a. h6mqua b. kh6ch san c. nghi trua d. thric dfy e. khoi hdnh f. bdy gio g. khoing h. c6ng ty

She works

until 8:00 Pnr.

I eat breakfast before I take a shower'

i. l.

He

will

go to Hanoi tomorrow'

buOi tiQc

J. VE
k. chd
dn s6ng

Yesterday I woke uP earlY'

pafty
sleep

m.ngu
n. s6rn o. UuOi tOi p. ngdy mai q. sau khi

14.
15.

Tomorrow night we will go to aparty'

around

Sh" tum" home a little after 4:00 Pm'

r.

nhanh

I usually exercise in the afternoon'

We eat dinner after we return home

tl2

\..1

Phu ffm

-i

:-

u3

Consonants

NguY0n frm
In this lesson we will

Vowels

,
In this chapter we will introduee four consonants and three consonant clusters, for a total ofseven sounds.
learn about sEFteral

r'. vowel sounds

*tti.frmaysoundsimilarordifficult;todistinguishfromone

like the q in queen (north) like the wh inwheat (south)

similar to the s in qure

between uno,to"t for English learners' W,f,ile the difference to noticeable these vowels may seem slight to usr, it iq\tery Vi.anu*"...p"ul".r- The mairr dfffefence with complex than complex vowels that end in y is that the sound is shorter vowels ending in i.

al
an unvoiced, unaspirated sound somewhere between the typical d anda I sounds.

likey inwhY,but longer

similar to the i inJllght
also similar to the i infllght but even shorter than aY

ay
Ary

\/*
nh ph

like the v invine

ui
like the ny in caryon

like ewy in chelw)t like the wordwe long combination of the Vietnamese sounds o and i
a

uy
llkethe ph inpfuone

tr *

oi
similar to the tr in train

insome southem dialects v can sound like an Englishy, as inyes.

o1

similar to the oY

tntry

Notethatallthevowelsoundsintroducedinthislessonare are never only used as final sounds in syllables' They followed bY a final consonant'

1,.di

f&

6lt

,:,,

115

Pronunciation Exercises
Listen to your instructor and repeat the following syllables containing the

3. troi trgi trdi

4. t6i tqi toi

Z: 6. rquoi quot quol
,,

t^. {.l.

final vowel sounds ai, ay, anddy.

s. siii saii sQi 7. phiii ptr6i ptr6i

1,

ir
n

b' toi toi toi

f4

n9.,

;t

1. phni phai phii

2. trai trgi trhi 4. sai sf,i s4i 6. thy

Listening Exercise
Write the syllables
as

J. vat var var

5. nhf,y nh?y nhfy

tiy tiy

you hear them in the blank spaces'

7. quay qufy qu?y aAl y. v?y vay vay

11. nhfry nhfly nhiy

8. trfly triry tray

10. sAy s6y siy

e.g. l.

ndi

12.quiy qu6y quiy

)
Listen to your instructor and repeat the following syllables containing the

4.

final vowel sounds ui anduy.

1. nfi nui ngi 3. vui vt'ii

2. miii
6. xiii

mii

mui

8. 10.

vii

4. sti sgi siii

5. thfiy thriy thiy

7. qu! quy qui

xti xiii 8. truf truf trui'

12.

t4.
16.

Listen to your instructor and repeat the following syllables containing the

18.

final vowel sounds oi and 6i.

20.

1. voi vdi vgi

2. soi s6i sdi

116

Lesson 5
Days of the week, months, past tense, imperatives

I l8

Bei

, ,"^d

119
?'

Lesson
Tir vqng
Vocabulary
day Sunday

thfng muoi

October

th6ng mudi mQt th6ng mucii hai; thSng chPP

November
I

$'.

Dedember
t,, t !" ;.

ngdy Chir nhpt

mol
hai ngdy tru6c
ba ngdy tru6c

every
,'4

'r Jwo;days ago

three days ago

thri hai thri ba

Monday
Tuesday Wednesday Thursday

thf tu
thri ndm thri s5u

hai ngdy

nta; hai ngdY sau

ngiY sau

two days from now

three days from now every day week weekend this week
last week

ba ngdy nfta; ba

mol ngay
tuan

Friday
Saturday day

thirbhy
ngdy nghi ngdy (nghi) l5 thring th6ng mQt th6ng hai

cu6i tuAn
tuan nay
tuAn tru6c
l.

off

holiday
month January February

tudn sau, tuan tol

next week every week more

m6i tuan
.'nfia
^. nlan nua mot I

thdngba
th6ng tu th6ng ndm th6ng s5u

March

one more week

April
Muy
June

hai tudn nta

^. tuan sau mot I

two more weeks

a week later

hai tudn sau tuan truoc

ba tudn tru6c tuan rol
l,

two weeks later

one week ago

thhngbhy

July August
September

thing tirm
thrlng chin

three weeks ago

last week

t2a thring ndy th4ng sau thring rdi this rnonth next rnonth
last month
s6ng

'*

t*.o4:y,

thf hai
tu

Monday morning
Wednepday,'afternoon
Sur{day night

chiAu thir

t6i Cht nhat

nh6;

rn6i theng
hai thdng nfra
ba thdng tru6c

every month

di

rl

1.

il
.

polite particle used with

F4

two more months

three months ago
b4n g6i
b4n trai

'{ Jnvitations and suggestions girlfriend

boyfriend
bo,yfriend, girlfriend, lover to have time to plan
o'go

b5n thdng sau ndm ndm nay ndm sau n5m ngoiii
s6ng nay

four rnonths later

year this year next year
last year

ngudi yOtr
c6 thcri gian

dinh, dlr dinh

tli choi

PlaY'', go out for fun,

this morning

'ohang Out"
cld

cnleu nay

.).

this afternoon tonight

yesterday morning yesterday afternoon
last night

+ verb

creates Past tense

t6i nay
s6ng (h6,nr) qua chiAu (h6rn) qua

gflp nhau

to sse each other, rneet each other

t6i (hdrn) qua

sdng (ngdy) rnai
chi,Au (ngdy) mai

tornorrow morning tomorrow afternoon tomorrow night

every morning every afternoon every night

t6i (ngdy) mai

rn6l truuoi; sang rn6i 6uOll chi6u

m6i quuo4 t6i

*'nr

t23
*l .:-

122

Ngir

phfp - Grammar
ilii + verb

to use it in still gramm at;ically correct, and common even'

these situations.

r \''
t6i di

e.g.

s6ng nay sdng naY

t[m : thil

rr{orning I took a shower

The word "dd" is used when talking about past events'

e.g. t6i dA di ldm

I went to work Anh : ti6ng anh 6y ddhqc he studied English

," 9f t6i di tdm'i6i .: . *'4 this mon{ingil"took a shower already

"rfii"

phrase' isalways used in the final position of a

However, "dd' israrely used when it is not necessary in order to understand that the event happened in the past'

to show isalso often used like the word "okay" conversations' understanding, or atthe end of telephone

"r6i"

e.g. h6m qua t6i tli ldm

yesterday I went to work : tudn tru6c c6 6Y di HQi An last week she went to HQi An

e.g.

A: T6i sE gaP anh hic t6m g]d' . I will meet You at eight o'clock'

B:

ROi'

OkaY'

rot
As introduced in the vocabulary section of chapter four, "roi" -rai; 'by -"u"t "already". Hbwever, the word ""iutiy definition, indicates past events. It is therefore used much more commonly than the word "already" in English'

;.

nhi and tli

o'nhd" and"di" are polite final particles used when and when urging making imperative ,"ni"""', suggestions' people to do things.

e.g. t6i di ldm ,6i :

"di"

isused with imperative sentences

I went to work already anh dy hqc titing Anh rdl: he studied English alreadY

e.g. thric d4Y dil : wake uP! di ngn di : go to sleePl

with you "nhd" is used when urging people to do things It is "softer" than or for you, or when making suggestions' o'di", afidmore commonly ,.sed when speaking to an elder'

isused much more commonly than "dd", afidthe two are not commonly used in conjunction' "r6i" is often omittpd when it is not necessary in order to understand that the event being spoken about occurred in the past but it is

"r6i"

t24

xJ

125

e.g.

v6i t6i nhd : go eat pho with me mua c6i ndy cho emnhd : buy this one for rne chd tdi rndt phrit di : wait f,or me for a minute
eli 6n pho

HQi Tho4i

I Chdo
':,

Conversation

I'

r t''

Dat:

Chf Thanh

oil

chi! ,

"nh(i" is also cornrnonly used when thanking people.

Hey Thanh!

Hellol

i:

'

e.g.

cdrn ern nh,!!: thanh you!

'Ihanh: 6t patt

Ldu riii kh6r1g'ttugc'gip em'

seen you in a long time'

.{

Oh! D4t! I haven't

While using "di"' and"nh6 might not technicatrly be necessary, it should be remernbered that rnaking imperatives or suggestions without them rnay sowrd very rude and pushy, as if you are ordering people to do things rather than asking
or suggesting.

Dat:

Chi dA di MY, dring kh6ng? You went to America, right?

Thanh: tI, dting

tOi.

Yes, that's right.

nirfr
"'ntta" has several functions. In this chapter we'll learn ab.out one of,them. "nfr&", roughly translated means "motre", or o'another" when talking about quantities or amounts. It follows this fon'n:
amount

Dat

Chi d d6 bao

16u vflY?

How long were You there?

Thanh: Khoing

ba th6ng. Thdng bdy chi

di'

About three months. I went there in July'

Dpt:

Chi di ldm o M!, Phii khdng? You worked there, didn't You?

* noun'l niba
nfrs

Thanh: Kh6ng ph6i, em. Chi c6 mQt ngudi b4n s6ng o

Texas.

e.g.

ba th6ng

rnqt ly

n*a

three rnore rnonths one rnore glass. OR another glass

No I didn't. I have a friend who lives in Texas'

Dat:

Chi dA vO ViCt Nam khi ndo?

When did You return to Vietnam?

Thanh: Chi vC t6i thu

seu.

I returned on FridaY night'

126

t27

Hdi Thoai

2-

Conversation 2

Khang: Ot enn Son! Anh di tt6u vAy? Oh! Son! Where

are you going?

Scrn:

Anh di gip mQt ngudi ban o qudn cd ph6. Con em?

a friend at the coffee shop.

I'm going to meet

you?

And

Khang: Em dang di v6 nhd. A! Anh Son, cu5i tuAn ndy anh

c6 mu6n di cdu c6

v6i em vd ban em kh6ng?

Scrn, this weekend do

I'm going home. Ah!

you

want to go fishing with my friends and me?

I I 2. I I t
|

roday is wednesday.

A: B:

H6m nay ld ngdy mdy?

what is the date today?

H6m nay ld ngdy mudi hai, thiing tu.
Today is the l2'n of April.

scrn:

3. A: Ndm nay ld ndm mdy'?

cuol tuan ndy anh kh6ng c6 thoi gian. Tuan

minh di duoc kh6ng, em?

sau

tui

This weekend I don't have time. Can we go next

weekend?

I
I
I I
I

"H:{#ainghinl6n5m
4.
A:
Khi niro b4n tap the duc'l
When do you exercise?

Khang: Dugc, nhrmg siing thri b6y tuAn sau em ph6i tli ldm.
Okay, but I work next Saturday morning.

Son:

Kh6ng sao d6u. chri nhat tuan sau tui minh di nh6r
Never mind. We'll go next Sunday!

":

T6i tfp th6 duc thf hai, thri tu, vir thu s6u.

Khang: Da. Chri nhft tu6n sau tui minh All right. We'll

s6

g{p nhau.

see each other next Sunday.

I I I

t exercise on Monday, Wednesday

and Friday.

C: T6i tap th6 duc ba ngdy mQt tu6n.

r exercise three days a week.

D:

TOi tap th0 duc m6i ngdy.

I exercise every day.

5. A: Chring t6i ili DiEn Bi6n Phri ndm ngodi.

g

129
128
'd " r
n

We went to Di$n Bin Phir last year. B: Chring tdi tlinh tli DiQn Bi6n Phir ndm nay.

C: tOi

mai t6i di DdNing.

We're going to DiQn Bi0n Phtr this year.

C: Chring t6i dinh di DiQn Bi6n Phtr ndm sau.

I'm going to Dd Ning tomorrow "iqht' D: TOi sE di Dd Ning sau hai t{rdn nta' I'm going to Dd Nfl+*g in't*o more weeks'

We're going to DiQn Bi6n Phir next year.

6.

9. A. T6i thu s6u ndY anh aYsldrn Ei?

What is he doing on FridaY night?

t,4

A: Chri nhat tru6c bpn ldm gi?

What did you do last Sunday?
B: Chir nhat ndy bpn ldm gi?

B.

T6i thir s6u niry anh 6y di choi v6i bpn g6i'

He's going out with his girlfriend on Friday night'

What are you doing this Sunday?

C: Chu nhflt t6i b4n ldm gi?

10. A.

Chi6u Chu nhflt nlry anh di choi v6i em dugc khdng?

Can you go out with me on Sunday night?

What will you do next Sunday?

7.

A: Bpn hoc ti6ng ViQt 6 ddy bao l6u r6i? How long have you studied Vietnamese here?
B: T6i hqc d d6y m0t nam (rdi).

B.

Kh6ng dugc, em. Tudn niry anh khdng c6 ngdy nghi. No, I can't. I don't have any days off this week'

I've studied here for one year (already).

C: T6i hec 0 tl6y

C. Duoc. Khi ndo tui minh di?

Yes,I can. When will we go?

gin

s6u th6ng (r6i).

I've studied here for almost six months (already)'

D: T6i hqc 0 ddy khoing mudi tuAn.

11. A.

Khi ndo tgi minh di cduc6?

When are we going frshing?

I've studied here for about ten weeks.

8.

e.
C.

CuOi tudn niY tui minh

di'

A: Khi ndo bpn tti Dd Ndng?

When are you going to Ed Ning? B: Ban di Dd Ning khi ndo? When did you go to Dir NEng?

We're going at the end of this week'

SSng thu hai tudn sau

tui minh di'

We're going next MondaY morning'

r30

\{

l3l
o ,

Exercises

2.

in Vietnamese' Resplnd'to the following questions and statements

Practice speaking and writing'

l.

Write and say the following sentences in English. Repeat the

H6m nay

li ngdY mdY?

I
t.,
I

Vietnamese phrases several times to practice pronunciation.

P4

MQt ndm c6 mudi hai th6ng.

MOt ndm c6 bao nhi6u tuAn?

nnh 6v

sE

d Sdi Gdn tltin th6ng tu.

3.

MQt tuAn c6 mAY ngiY?

S6ng thri s6u hg

ili

cdu c.i.

Chn nhat niy c6 6y <lugc nghi

Ngiy nio thudng

li ngdY nghi cia b4n?

Anh 6y thuong klrOng an t6i tru6c trlm gio.

Write the question that should precede these answers'

H6m nay ld tht mdy?

Sau hai

tuin nta hg sE dang 6 My

ba th6ng r6i.

Hq d5n Viqt Nam th6ng mudi'

Ch! hgc ti5ng Vipt

du-o. c

H6m nay ld ngiy hai mucvi hai thring ndm.

Kh6ng dugc. fOi choi.

ttli biy tdi kh6ng c6 thoi gian di

Anh 6y hgc 0 ddY dugc hai ndm rdi'

132

Test 5
Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamese vocabulary

'l'ranslation Test; Write and say the following sentences in Vietnamese.

Itcpeat them several times to practice pronunciation.

,* ".no

133

r \'.

Months

Today is April 1'1,2005. ':. {'

,8

1.

January

a
b
c. d.
e.

I'm going to work at 8:00 tothorrow morning.

th6ng muoi th6ng n6m th6ng s6u th6ng muoi hai th6ng hai th6ngbhy th6ng mQt thfungmudi m6t

February March

I don't have time to go out on Saturday.

April
May
June

f.
o b.

I came to ViQt Nam in February.

I have studied English for 3 Years.

July August
September

h.

October November December

i. thangba j. thdng chin k. th6ng t6m l. thdng tu

What date is today?

Wednesday night he is going out with his friends. Days

We're going to Nha Trang next weekend.

1

Sunday

2.
J.

4.
5. 6. 7.

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

a. thrl s6u b. thf biy c. thu tu d. Chii nh0t e. tht n[m f. thrl hai g. thir ba

I do exercise every Monday, Wednesday

and Friday.

t34

135

Phg

im -

Consonants

eo

combination of the ay o in no in sav and.the t.

a

In this chapter we will introduce the only remaining

initial consonant sound.

eu

r:'.i'

bimilar to eo, but shorter and with a different accent

ng and ngh

like the ng in si4ging

u0

*ngh is only used precedeing the vowels e, e and l. In all other cases ng wlll be used. ng is a very common initial consonant sound, however it can be difficult for Western learners to master. Practice the exercises several times until you can get it right.

uo is a clear in the north..\ transition from zr tq o. In the south it is much"more uniform in sound
in the north, uy is a clear transition from z to i to . In the south it is more like the uee in qggen

uyc

Nguy6n Am

Vowels
ao, au, du, eo and Au are all final vowels. uo anduyA are always followed by a final consonant.

In this lesson we will learn two more sets of similar vowel sounds, and two other complex vowels.

Pronunciation Exercises ao
like the ow inflower
Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the final vowel

au

a combination of the a

in

sounds ao, auanddu.

fqther and the oo in

AU

loo:se

1. dao ddro d6o

similar to aubut shorter and with a different accenton thefirst vowel
sound

2. niro nf,o nflo

3. viro vio v4o 5. siu siru siu 7. lau

4. thao thio th4o 6. khau khfu khiu

8. gi6u giiu gi4u

liu

l4u

t37
136
\..* t

9. xAu xflu x6u

11. tffu tf,u t6u

10. dffu dAu dflu

12. chffu

f.

tuyei xuYQt duYQt huYQt quyet

_.,

chffu chf,u

4. quy6t tuy6t xuY6t huY6t k\uYif 5. tuydn huYiin truYiin ctru$iin

Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the final vowel
sounds eo andAu.

'if
v4

the initial consonant Listen and repeat the following syllaQlelbonnifning sound ng.

1. heo h6o hgo 3. reo rEo 5. l6u l6u

16o tOu tIQu

2. trgo treo tr6o 4. qugo qu6o quio -lir neu neu neu (l.
8. kQu kOu k6o
:

7. tt6u tldu

1. nghe ngd ngu ngh6u nguy6n nghO nga 2. nghin ngd nghii ngir ngfln nghio ngAu 3. nguyQt nghiQp ng?o nghQu ng4i ngfly

4.
Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the vowel sound ro.

ngiry

ngfn

ngrfr ngh6

ngft ngin

5. ngfl ngfl ng6 nghi ngir ngd ngh6o 6. nghi ngfr ng6m ngfr ngii

1. huong luong phuong vuong thutrng 2. xu&ng du0ng cuffng dufrng sufrng 3. vugng phugillg khuqng ruqng tugng 4. nu6mg mufng chufng truring gufng 5. cudng xudng trudng giudng vudng
Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the vowel
sound uyA. Note that the consonants following uyA are limited to

and

1. tuyOn quyOn uy6n chuyOn thuyOn

2. chuy6n khuy6n quy6n tuy6n uy6n

Lesson 6
Clothing, posessives, why, in order to, because, common adj ectives, colors, intensifiers

t4t Lesson 6
Tir vqng
I ' r;. quan ao, oo

Voclibalary

,,
',,

t.,

blothing shlft
-.",4

(cdi) 6o

scl

mi

(cai) 5o thun

t-shirt
pants

(cdi)

qu6'n

(cdi) qri'n gin

(criy' quAn sogc

jeans
shorts

(cdi) in choirng (cdi) 6o ddm (cdi) 6o ddi

blouse
dress

traditional Vietnamese
dress

(cdi) vay

skirt
necktie

(cdi) cdv4t

Gqil

dey

nit

belt
sweater

(cdi) 6o len (cai) 6o kho6c (chic) giAy, giAy

jacket
shoe

(d6,

eiey

pair of shoes
sock

(chic)

vt

ldot) vo (cdi) mfi', (cdi) n6n

pair of socks
hat

142
'.{

t43

(dri) trang sric

quAn 6o l6t
mAc

jewelry
underwear to wear/put on clothing to wear/put on a watch,

depn;
dgp trai gan xa ngan

beautiful, nice, pretty

handsome

r {'.

deo

jewelry
mang to wear/put on shoes, socks to wear a hat
.x

dni t6t; hay; gioi oo; xau

A

long
good
bad

d0i col glay

-.1 ". oo, col col quan ao
,

to take off shoes

:.

to take off clothing to try to try on clothing

creates possesives

miu
miu den
mdu

color black white

green

thft
mflc thti
cria cria t6i

tring

mdu xanh 15 cdy mdu xanh da

mine, my
hers, her

trdi

blue red

^a cua co ay
n6

miu d6 miu vdng

mdu cam

it
why
to, in order to
because

yellow
orange

tpi sao
-l de

miu tim
mdu ndu mdu x6m

purple brown
grey

vi, tai vi

ct
m6i
nho
lcm

old (objects)
new

miu den vd tring

black and white

small

big ugly

xau

144

115

Ngfr

phfp

'*d

Grammar

In this chapter adjectives are introduced. In Vietnamese, adjectives follow the noun.

e.g. tgi sao ngdy mai bpn kh6ng m'r5n G choi? =

e.g. mQtc6i

qudn 6o moi

).,

mil6n :

alargehal

new clothing

* khi b4n di choi tqi i;a.o khdng c6 mdi tdi tli vdi? when you went out, why"dldn'uiou invite me to go with?
'a
,e

ctiu
The word "cl)a" is used when making possesives. It follows this form:

ln informal situations people will often just say "sao". This sounds more friendlY and'lcute"'

e.g. saobankh6ng thich c6i 6o so mi nhy?

whY don't You like this shirt?

nounf crta+pronoun
e.g. c6i in
my shirt so mi cfia t6i c6i 6o so mi niy ld cila t6i

vi and tgi vi
vi" both mean'obecause"' They are placed at the beginning of a Phrase

this shirt is mine .l her pair of shoes t16i gi6y cua chi 6y d6i giAy ndy ld cila chi 6y this pair of shoes is hers

"vi"

and'otqfi

e.g. t6i di kh6ng dugc

v) cAn phdi di ldm I can't go because I have to work

However, 'ocr)a" is often omitted, usually when the speaker is not referring to an object.

: t6i kh6ng mua chi6o so mi d6 tqi vi n6 nho q.otL 1 didn't buy that shirt because it's too small
is used more commonly in spoken Vietnamese' so in that is what will be used in the sentences and conversations

e.g.

our friend c6ng ty anh 6y his company

ban

minh

"vi"

tgi sao Lnd, silo "why". "tqi sao" always

sentence or phrase.

this book.

"tqi sao" is a beginning question particle that means comes at the beginning of a

146

Iiim
"ldm" is an intensifier expressing an elevated level of feeling or quality. "ldm" functions like the word "veryo'in English when used with adjectives.

and it-hrnctions like the word'oson'when used in a

'd u*g r

positive context

e.g. chivity
adjective

ndy de.p qud

:
,

this $kirt is so pretty

I

e.g. d6i giAy nAy

dep

tdm

In spoken Vietnamese*q1;a4" somefimes precedes the

t{. ;'

this pair of shoes is very pretty

and

e.g. cilivhy niry qud

dgp

this skin is so pretty

it functions like "very much" when used with verbs

de

e.g. t6i thich n6ldm

I like it very much

"d" is a preposition which is used to show purpose of an action. It is similar to "in order to", or "to" in English when used to show purpose of an action.

"ldm" is always used in the final position of a phrase

rdt
as"ldm",but precedes the adjective or verb instead of following it.
has the same meaning

e.g. t6i <16n ViQt Nam dehqc titing ViQt

: :

"rdt"

I came to ViQt Nam to study Vietnamese

h6m nay hq thfc dfly totn cl6 dicd:ucL today they woke up early to go fishing

this pair of shoes is very pretty tdi rtit thich

cho
"cho" is also a preposition which shows purpose of action, but it is more like the word "for" in English.

ciindy

I like this one vry much

qud
"qltd" functions like the word "too" when used in
negative context
-t car dong no nay mac ,. r I . i

e.g.

tdi

sE

mua mQt c6i 6o so mi choban : I will buy a shirt for You

e.g.

quo

anh 6y ldm n6

cho

t)i :

he did

it for me

this watch is too expensive

148

's,*," ,,
HQi Tho4i
1

HOi Tho4i 2 -

Conversation
r l'.

'on

Duyn: Ldm oi,

em di ddu vfly?

LuAn:

Em thich

cii

fro

so mi ndy t*r6ng?

.Ldm, where are you going?

Do you like this

L0m:

Em di chq. Chi c6 mu6n tli v6i em kh6ng?

me?

I'm going to the market. Do you want to go with

Quyn: Kh6ng. Em khdng tfriO'tr t**' No. I don't like it very much'

shit't?' tt4

'

'.

Duy6n: C6! Em rli chg d6 mua c6i gi?

Yes! What
are you going to the market to buy?

Ludn:

ThC

ha? Tai sao em kh6ng thich?

ReallY? WhY don't You like it?

qu0n 6o mdu cam' Quyn: Vi n6 mdu cam. Em kh6ng thich Because it's orange. I don't like orange clothing'

Ldm:

Em

sE

muahai cdivhyddi mdudenvirhai c5r6o so

mi tring.

I'm going to buy two long black skirts and two white
shims.

Ludn:

Vdy, em c6 thich chi 6o miu xanh 16 cdy tl6 kh6ng?

So, do You like that green one?

I

Duydn: Nhrmg md em c6 nhi6u vfy r6i. T4i sao em cdn

mua hai

chinfia?

6o stv mi tay ddi' Quy6n: Da thich, nhung md em phii mua Cii ito tt6 taY ngin'

But you have many skirts already. Why do you need

to buy two more?

I like it, but I have to buy a long-sleeved shirt' That

one is short-sleeved.

Ldm:

Vi

qu0n 6o il6 dC di ldm.

chol. Em

cAn mua quAn 6o d6

Ludn:

Cdn c6i miru d6 d6 thi sao?

ili

What about that red one?

Because those clothes are for going

out. I have to buy

clothes for work.

Quy0n: DgP lim! Em thich n6 6m! It's very pretty! I like that one a lot!

Ludn:

VflY anh mua c6i d6 cho em'

So

I'll

buY that one for You'

150

l5l

Ciu
1.

Vin -

Sentences

n:"-PO

li

c6i mfi mdu tring cira b4n'

That is Your white

hat'

.,

A: Chi 6a so mi ndy cfr.

This shirt is old. B: CLi ho so mi d6 mcri.
That shirt is new.

B: D6ld cfi

mff mdundu criatc6 6Y'

That is her browfr,hbt.

A.

Chi Ay ta ban

,tu ioi:u *'o

She is mY friend.

.,

A: Cfuivdy ndy ngin.

This skirt is short. B: Chivhy ndy ddi. This skirt is long.
8.

B. D6libPn A. B.
9.

tdi.

That is mY friend'

D6 la nhd cria b4n t6i'

That is mY friend's house'

3.

A: Tdi dang mflc c6i quAn mdu tlen.

D6

li nhe b4n tdi'

I am wearing black pants.

That is mY friend's house'

B:
4.

Tdi dang m{c c6i quAn miu do.

A: Ddi gi6Y ndo ld ctra b4n?

Which Pair of shoes is Yours?

I am wearing red
A: enh
AV dang

pants.

m{c 6o kho6c mdu xanh da trdi.

B:

Ddi giaY lon ld cria tdi'

The big Pair of shoes is mine'

He is wearing a blue jacket.

B: CO 6y dang mflc 6o chodng mdu vdng.

She is wearing a

C: Ddi

lcrn

li

cria

t6i'

yellow blouse.

The big Pair is mine'

A: Chi 6o so mi mdu xanh 16 cdy d6

That green shirt is mine.

Ii cira tdi.

D:

DOi 0 b6n tr6i

li

cria t6i'

The pair on the left hand side is mine' ld cira b4n.

B:

C6i 6o

scv

mi miu h6ng

<16

10. A:

T4i sao b4n thich c6i vhY niry?

WhY do You like this skirt?

That pink shin is yours.

152

B:

Vi c6i ndy dgp.

Because this one's pretty,

' '-3 I
Exercises
, I,

153

C: Vi
12.

cfutnity kh6ng

ngilnI

m.

l. Write and say the following

f
sentencqs in

Fnglish. Repeat the

Because this one isn't very short.

Vietnamese phrases several timgh tb practice pronunciation.

A:

Tpi sao b4n kh6ng tli cluqc? Why can't you go?

,r' 6-

ts

D6i v6 cira t6i kh6ng ph6i mdu ving. D6i cira t6i
mau oo.

B: TOi khdng di tlugc vi kh6ng co thdi gian.

I can't go because I don't have time.

Anh Ay di Hd Nqi

dC

hec ti6ng ViQt.

13.

A: Tai sao anhSy di Hu6? Why did he go to Huti?

B: Anh 6y di Huti de tnam bpn anh 6y.
He went to Hu6 to visit his friend.
TOi mflc

C5i mfi ctra c6 6y dgp ldm.

cii

6o so mi ndy kh6ng dugc

vi n6 nho

qu6.

14.

A.

CAt

5y d6n chq d6 mua

quin rio m6i.

TOi dang <li d6n nhd hing vi b4n t6i dang cho t6i o d6.

She went to the.market to buy new clothing.

B. CO 5y di chq

116

gap mQt ngudi bpn.

She went to the market to meet a friend.

C6i quAn m6i cira ban 6 tr6n c6i ghi5 mdu den 6 d6.

15. A.

C6i ndy cho ban.

This one is for you.

B. T6i mua crii ndy cho b4n.

Tui minh kh6ng thich phim ndy vi n6 kh6ng tdt.

I bought this one for you.

C. Tdi sE ldm crii d6 cho b4n.

Ho ldm vi0c cho tdi.

I will do that for you.

Ngdy mai khodng bdy gio rudi t6i

cho ban.

sE

goi tliQn tho4i

154

155

2.

Combine the following sentences wing

"dii"

Test 6
Match the English vocabulary with the Vigtnamese vocabulary
I

Example:
Hdm,,nay anh Nam thirc day s6m. Anh 6y s t4p
thrS

duc.

Vocabulary
1.

!.4

H6m nay anh Nam thuc ddv sdm itd ffip thd duc.

why shirt my, mme

short bad long

.'9, ;' a ao soml bcfl

c. t4t sao d. c6i mfr e. 6o ttAm f. tot g. nho h. cira t6i i. dei

l.
2.
3.

Chi Huong tti chq. Chi 6y

sE

mua 6o tlim

t16.

old
Thriy vC nhd

r6i. C6 dy mudn

xem tivi.

Thir tu ndy anh Jack phii tli Trung Qu6c. Anh 6y viQc d i16.

sE

ldm

small new hat dress good

j.d0
.!

k. m6i

l. ngan

4. Chir nhQt tcri cd Hi0n phni di mQt ngudi b4n.

<16n

ga xe

lira. C6 Ay tli t16n

Colors

5. Ngdy mai 6ng Mark tli Chicago. Ong 6y tli chcri 6 t16.
6.

purple grey black blue white

orange

a. mdu h6ng b. miu trdng c. mdu cam d. miu d6 e. mdu den

ThiQn vd Hi6u sE di

M! hai tuAn nfia. Hq di hqc ti6ng

f.

Anh.

yellow
red green brown

j. miu x6m
k. mdu ndu

mdu tim g. mdu xanh 16 cdy h. mdu xanh da trdi i. mdu vdng

pink

t57
156

Translation Test: Write and say the following sentences in Vietnamese.

Repeat them several times to practice pronunciation.

Nguy0n Am

Vowels

My white shirt is very old.

I don't like black clothing.

As we introduce the last sets ofyoriels'in Vietnamese, it of becomes more and more difficulf t6 try to give examples similar sounds in English* ,,Maity of the vowel sounds in Vietnamese, especially complgx vowols, simply don't exist-in English. The best way to 'fractice these sounds is by listlening to the CDs, your teacher, or any other Vietnamese speake{ and trying'to recreate the sound as closely as
possilbe.

Why did you go home so early?

I went to the market to buy apair of black shoes.

oa

like the wa tfiwater

Why didn't you go to work yesterday?

uo

u+o

oi
She bought a

o+ i

newwhite car today.

ua
He is wearing a green hat.

u*a
u +,a

ua
They went to'the coffee shop to meet their friends.

uo1
This new book is for you.

u+6+i .

':

uoi

ufo*i

oa and u6 areused as final consonants, and are also followed by final consonants. All the other vowels in this lesson are final sounds.

158

Pronunciation Exercises
Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the vowel sound oa.

Listening Exercise

Write the syllables

as

you hear ther{ in the blank spaces.

1.,

1. hoa h6a hga

2. tdt t6a tga

4. doin doan tloin 6. thoit tho4t

3. soan

so6n

e.g. l.
L.

n6i

',,
2.

5. hogt ho6t

Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the vowel sound zd.

3.
5.

4.

6.
8. 10.

1. buiit thuQt luQc cu6c tutit ctruQt

7. 9. 11.

2. mu6m hudng tuiing cuQn du6ng

Listen and repea! the following syllables containing the final vowel
sounds oi,uaandua.

12. 14.
16. 18.

13. 15.

1. mrri girft c0i phoi tqi s0i roi

2. cua

17. L9.

lfa thua bira diia lBa

20.

3. nira bfta sira chua lira cua

Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the final vowel
sounds u6i androi.

1.

mutii cutii nudi chuiii mu6i tu6i cudi

tucri buffi mutri curi,i

2.

lufi

buoi

Lesson 7
More food and drink, eating, flavors, yet/not yet

t'*" ' '

163

BiLi 7

Lesson
Tir vgng

"
food
,d

Vo;csbulurv

*'j

thric dn; thqc phAm com

cOm trang g?o
.!
E,

cpoked rice

white rice
uncooked rice
vegetables

rau, cir

trhi cdy
nu6c trrli c0y t muc uong nu6c nggt

fruit
fruit juice
beverage

soft drink
salad meat

s6i

thit
ch

fish
crab

cua
tOm

shrimp squid
seafood

muc hdi s6n thft gd

chicken meat

thit bd thit heo tnmg

beef pork
EOO -t)b

164

165
d

tnmg

gi

chicken egg
rare

(c:di) td

bowl
small
t

t6i
vtra

(cdi) ch6n
lAu xlro
'.1,

\owl {or sauces

medium
cooked, well done fresh

chin

i"
,. 'i

\otirot ,,r, ot.o

i{

tuoi
song
A.

chi6n
,i

deep fried steamed

raw
salt
sugar dessert

hap
luQc

muol
ducrng
<16

boiled grilled, barbecue

baked tomato

nufng

trdng miQng

dft ld
(trdi) cdcfuia

bAnh

foods made from flour, like

cake, cookies, or pastries

(cfi)hinh
(ctt)khoait6'Y

onion
potato

bSnh mi

bread, sandwich plate

glass can

(cdi) ffia

(trdi) chanh
(cil) tbi

lime garlic ginger

(cdi)ly (cdi)lon
(cdi) chai

(cil) simg (trdi) ot

tuong
<rt

bottle chopstick pair of chopsticks

to use to use chopsticks
spoon

chili chili
sauce

@dfl dna

@6) dna
dirng

nu6c tucrng, xi dAu mam nudc mim

soy sauce

fish Paste

ding tlf,a
(cal) muong

fish sauce brocolli cauliflower

green beans

(b)ng) c6i xanh

". ffang (bong1 cal . j

(cdi) rfia
(con) dao

fork knife

dfu que

166

167

rau xd liich rau muong

chd gid

lettuce water morning glory

ttguui phuc vu d6i bung, d6i

klr/rt; kh6t nu6c

waiter, waitresso sorvcr hunsrv

"'l t r

fried spring rolls

fresh spring rolls salty
sweet

thilsty

gol cuon ^

llo clttta

i' full
!,

t.. I

min
ngQt

'6.yef,'not yet
have you ever...?

14

c6... bao gid chua? ttli chua bao gio...

chua
-:, dang

sour

I haven't ever. . .. still

very "oh really!"

bitter
bland

vin

nhat
dAu md

rit
"that a!"

oily
spicy
delicious
bad, not delicious

cay ngon dd, to m6n dn bria 5n

dish meal

goi m6n 5n
6n thri, n6m thir

to order food to taste, to try food to give certainly

Vietnamese food
Japanese food

cho

chri m6n dn ViQt Nam m6n 6n Nhdt

m6n 6n nu6c ngodi
phUc vU

foreign food
service

168

169

Ngfi

phfp - Grammar
cho

hq dn comchua?

didtheY eatYet?

In chapter 6 we learned about ,,cho,'as a preposition. In this chapter, we learn how to use,,cho,, u, u lra.b, which means "to give".

When answering questions containirCg "bfraa",it is also used as a negative answer meaning "hot yet". It precedes the rnain verb, however in inforyrral st'eech the verb is often omitted. | . r'i!

,[. .,

e.g. A: Ban

dn ccrm chua?

e.g. cho t6i mQt dia chi gio

give me aplate of fried spring rolls

anh Nam cho chi Hucrng mQt c6i 6o so mi mdu d6: Nam gave Hucmg a red shirt

Did you eat yet? B: Chm (dn). Not yet.

In positive responses, the speaker will usually use the active verb in the questiovl t "r6i" . Again, the active verb is often omitted in informal speech

da

e.g. A: B4n
In chapter 6 we learned about using ,,d,, to show the pu{pose of an action. o'dA, is also used to show the purpose or function of an object, similar to the word "for" inEnglish.

hii5u chua?

B:

Do you understand Yet? (Hi0u) rrii. Yes (I understand alreadY).

e.g. cu6n s6ch ndy dtng d h1c ti6ng Viqt

It is also used to create negative statements, similar to

"have not ... yet".

this book is used for studying Vietnamese mrly chgp hinh ding d c?rtphinh : a camera is used for taking pictures

e.g.

xe buyt chua d6nb6n xe the bus hasn't arrived at the bus station yet

chwu
"chlra" is an adverb that functions like the word
o.yet,,

t6i chua di ngir

I haven't gone to bed yet

questions.

in

cd

verb

bao gid chwu?

e.g.

ban hi6u chua?

do you understand yet?

This question structures functions the same as "have you ever * verb" in English.

170

.
e.g.
b4n c6 dn ViQt Nam bao gid chua? have you ever eaten Vietnamese food?

t71

[n m6n

khhng buo gid "I have This structure also means "I havgn't ever" or speaker wants to . !lcver", but only in situations whep the because they don't inclicate that they haven't d0.r1b something i. v4 tr wernt to.
t t

\.

b4n c6xem phim niry bao gid chm? : have you ever seen this film?

As shown before, a negative response will usually just contain the word "chLte".

e.g. A: B4n

c6 xem phim ndy bao gio chua?

e.g. A: Ban c6 dn m6n dn ViQt Nam bao gio

chua?

B:

B:

Have you ever eaten Vietnamese food? Chua (dn). Not yet.

Have You ever seen this film? Kh6ng. Tdi kh6ng bao gid xem phim No. I haven't ever seen this film'

niy

verb + t'r6i".

and a positive response

will usually just be the active

that they In this case, the speaker would be indicating that they don't want have never seen the fil* d"t to the fact is to. po*tlUty they think it will be boring, or there don't like' or something or someone in the film they something along these lines'

e.g. A: B4n

c6 xem phim ndy bao gid chua?

B:

Have you ever seen this film? Xem r6i. Yes (I've seen it already).

"kh6ng bao gid'also means "never"'

e.g.

tdi kh6ng bao gid thirc dPY s6m

I never wake uP earlY

chwa buo

gid

or in answer to a question:

This strucfure is similar to "I haven't ever" or "I have never" in English.

e.g. A: Ban mu6n di u6ng bia v6i chring t6i I'h6ng?

e.g. t6i chuca bao gid di Da LAt :

I haven't ever been to DdLat
t6i chua bao gid 5n m6n dn ViQt Nam : I haven't ever eaten Vietnamese food

B:

Do You want to go drink beer with us? Kh6ng. T6ikh6ng bao gidu6ng bia' No. I never drink beer'

172

1',73
-..

HQi Tho4i

I -

Conversation

HQi Tho4i

2^t
!^

Conversation
r t''

Ducrng: 416, Ducrng nghe.

Hello, this is Ducrng.

Ngudi phuc vp: Chdo 6ng. Ong ryu6n goi m6n dn gi 4?

Hello sir. What wou"ldyou like to order?

14

Thanh: Chdo anh Ducrng, Thdnh ddy. Anh dang ldm gi

vfly? Anh dn ccrm chua? Hi Duong, this is Thinh. What are you doing? Have
you eaten yet'i

Kh6ch

hdng:

Cho t6i ba m6n.'ti6i'gA, thft heo nu6ng, vd

16u

hii

s6n.

Give me three dishes. Chicken salad, barbecued pork,

and seafood hotpot.

Duong: Chua. Anh dang d6i bqng 6md6y!

Not yet. I'm really hungry!

Ngudi phgc vg: LAu

hii

san cay hay ld kh6ng cay?

Would you like the seafood hotpot spicy or not?

Kh6ch

Thanh: Em vd m6t nguoi

b4n s6 dn corn d nhd cria em.

hdng:

Cho t6i lAu caY.

Anh d6n duoc khdng?

Give me the hotpot sPicY. Ngudi phqc vg: Ong u6ng gi? What would you like to drink?
Kh6ch

My friend and I are going to eat at my house. Can

you come?

Duong: Dugc chril Em

ndu dn,

phii kh6ng?

Certainly! You're cooking, right?

hdng:

Cho t6i mQt ly nu6c tr6i cdy

vi

hai lon bia.

Thanh: Ph6i. Em n6u chi gid thit heo, rau mu6ng xdo t6i,
vd bd tdi chanh.

Give me a glass of fruit juice and two cans of beer.

Nguoi phgc vg: Ong c6 mu6n dirng ccrm tring khdng?

Would you like to have rice?
Kh6ch

Yes. I'm cooking pork spring rolls, fried morning

glory with garlic, and rare beef with lime.

hdng:

C6. Cho t6i ba ch6n

ccnn trhng-

Ducrng: ROl. A*r g{p em khoing ba muoi phirt nta

Yes. Give me three small bowls of rice-

All right. I'll Thanh: Dp, du-o. c.

Yes, all right.

see

you in about 30 minutes.

114

C6u

V[n -

Sentences

. ),. B,: I ot no ror.

I'm full.

l7l

l.

A: Ban 5n ccrm chua?

Have you eaten yet? B: I or an com rol.
I.

A:

CO 6y kh6ng

thich m6n ad Th6i Lan vl n6 cey qu*-

She doesn't like,Thai f6od because itos too apiey,

B: T6i kh6ng thich m6nadn Tiilng Qu6c vi n6 rrhlAu

ddu

I've eaten already.

C. Tdi chua 6n cor4.

md.

I don't like Chinese food because it's very oily'

C: Anh 6y 6n thich m6n 6n Nh4t song.

I haven't eaten yet.

D. Chua.

vi

anh 5y

thich 6n cd

Not yet.
2.

He likes to eat Japanese food because he likes to eat

A: Ban mu5n dn gi?

What do you want to eat? B: Tdi muon ^- dn mon an ViQt.

raw fish.

D:

TOi thich 6n m6n

[n ViQt, nhrmg md t6i kh6ng thich

nu6c mim.

I want to eat Vietnamese food.

C: Tdi muon dn ccrm
A-

I like Vietnamese food, but I don't like fish

sauce'

v6i thit bd

nucrng.

A: B:

Bpn bii5t dtng dfra kh6ng?

I want to eat rice with grilled beef.

3.

Do you know how to use choPsticks?

TOi kh6ng bitit dirng dfra.

A: B4n d6i (bung) kh6ng? Are you hungry?

B: B4n d6i (bung) chua?

I don't know how to use choPsticks'

C: Tdi bi6t.
Yes,I know how'
6.

Are you hungry yet?

C:
^^.

-,. '! ol dor lam.

A:

Ban co 5n dugc m6n [n nudc ngodi kh6ng?

Can you eat foreign food?

I'm very hungry.

D: T6i kh6ng d6i.

I'm not hungry.

176

177

B:

Ban bitit an m6n dn nu6c ngodi kh6ng?r

Can you eat foreign food?

t0.

A:

'B4n

mu6n u6ng gi?

What do you want to

drink?
,

,,.

C: T6i khdng dn m6n 5n M!

I can't
eat American food.

dugc

B:

Tdi *rr6tt u6ng nu6c ttgPt. I want to drink a W& drihk.

D: T6i kh6ng I
7.

bit an cay.

C: T6i khong
12.

udng gi. , fOi cnili nrat.

can't eat spicy food.

I won't drink anything. I'm not thirsty yet.

A:
B:

C6 6y eqim6n 6n chua? Has she ordered food yet?

A: B:

B4n c6 dn d nhd hdng d6 bao gid chua? Have you ever eaten atthat restaurant?

Anh 6y gqi

br5n

m6n 6n rdi.

T6i 6n o d6 r6i.

He ordered four dishes already.

8.

I've eaten there alreadY.

A.

Tpi sao b4n kh6ng thfch 5n m6n dn ndy? Why don't you like to eat this?

C: T6i chua bao gio 6n o d6.

I haven't eaten there Yet.
13.

B. Vi n6 m{n qu6.
Because

A: B:

M6n 5n o nhd hdng d6 c6 ngon kh6ng?

Is the food at that restaurant delicious?

it's very salty.

C: Vi t6i khdng 5n thit.

Because 9.

M6n 6n cv nhir hdng d6 rAt ngon.

The food atthatrestaurant is very delicious'

I don't eat meat.

A: B:

TOi kh6t qu6.

C: M6n 6n d nhd hdng d6 kh6ng

14.

ngon lim.

I'm very thirsty.

TOi kh6t nu6c l6m.

The food atthat restaurant isn't very delicious.

A: B:

Cho t6i mQt ly nu6c tr6i cdY'

I'm very thirsty.

Give me a glass of fruit juice.

Cho t6i hai dia thit heo chua nggt.

Give me two plates of sweet and sour pork.

t In Vietna-ese, the phrase "TOi biiit dn..:',or "I know how to eat" is
synonymous with

"I

can eat..."

178

179

C:
15.

Cho tdi mQt dia gd h6p gung.

Itt.

A: Chi di

chcvi

v6i b4n chi chua?

Give me a plate of steamed chicken with ginger.

Did you go out with your friends yefi?

B: Chua. Ch! vdn dang hgc

A: Nu6c tucrng mdn.

Soy sauce is salty.

'

B:

Trdi cdy ndy ngot. This fruit is sweet.

Not yet. I'm still stfudl'ying. .: " ,4 ^ Rdi. Ch! di choi voi bafi ctri iOi.

Yes. I went out with my friends already.

d6u mO.

C: Khoai tdy chin nhi6u

16.

t9.

A: Em c6 xem phim ndy bao gio chua?

Have you ever seen this film? B: Em chua bao gid xem phim ndy.

Fried potatoes are very oily.

A: B:
C:

Cho t6i mQt ly cd ph6.

Give me a glass of coffee.

Cho tdi mQt chaibia.

I haven't seen this film yet.

C: Em kh6ng bao gio xem phim ndY.

Give me a bottle of beer.

Cho t6i cdy vi6t vd mQt to gi6y. Give me a pen and a sheet of paper. 17.

I have never seen this film.

D: b,m xem ror.
l.

I have

seen

it already.
an.

A: B:
C: D:

Anh cho

cO

dy cdi gi?

20.
scr

A. Ccrm dirng d0

What did you give her? Anh cho c6 6y mQt 6o

Rice is used to eat.

mi mdu den.

B. Nu6c dung dti rr6ttg.

I gave her a black shirt.

Anh cho c6 6y
sO

Water is used to drink.

C. SSch dirng dt!dqc.

Clen thoai cua anh.

I gave

her my telephone number.

A book is used to read.

TOi kh6ng cho c6

6y c6i gt.

I didn't give her anything.

180

Exercises

2.

Vietnamese' Respond to the following questions and statements in

ir

181

l)ractice speaking and writing.

l.

Write and say the following sentences in English. Repeat the

l.

Ban bitit n6u dn

kh6ng?
d

t
i

Vietnamese phrases several times to practice pronunciation.

Chring t6i kh6ng bi6t dirng ilfla.

B4n c6 di d5n ViQt Nam bao gid chua?

TOi thucrng dn trua o nhd hdng Th6i Lan thich dn m6n dn cay.

vi tdi rOt

Ban bir5t 6n m6n 5n nu6c ngoiri kh6ng?

Ngudi phuc vu chua d6n bdn ctra ho.

B4n noi duoc ti6ng Viet chua?

Cho t6i mQt dia khoai tdy chiOn.

C6 ay di chg d6 mua tr6i cdy.

Write the question that should precede these answers'

T6i chua bao gid dn m6n dn Nh4t. Chua. CO ay chua bao gio di nu6c ngoirt' Tdi phii udng nu6c vi tdi khrit nu6c qu6.

B4n c6 dn m6n 5n ViQt Nam bao gid chua?

J.

Kh6ng. T6i kh6ng bitit an m6n dn cay.

Cd 6y ndu [n rdt ngon.

TOi thich 6ntrhi cdy

vi tr6i cdy nggt.

lE3

182

Test 7
Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamese vocabulary

I'r.'nslation
l(Lrgrcat

test: Write and say the following

scntcnes6 ln
.

Vletnang5'

them several times to practice

pronunciation'
i ,ir*

Do You like Vietnamese f,ood? I

Vocabulary

:-,

,i'

1. 2.
J.

fresh

knife
deep fried

a cay b kh6t
c. tuoi d. ngon e. con dao t. cal muong g. cho h. phuc vu 1. Van
chua k. crii nia

Sh. do--rt't eat meat.

'i'

4.
5. 6.

spicy sour

I can't

eat foreign food.

thirsty
give

1.
8.

t huu. never been to Hanoi'

fork
spoon

9.
10. 11.

still
service delicious

j.

Are you thirstY Yet?

t2.

l.

chi6n

I really like fresh vegetables'

Food
soy sauce meat

MtE6d tt"*'t
pork
a. thit b. tr6i c.ay c. muol d. rau e. hii sin f. nu6c tucrng g. trhi cd chua h. thit heo i. khoai t6y j. b6nh mi

arrived at the bus station yet'

f aon't t

"ow

how to use choPsticks'

fruit chili pepper

tomato salt bread vegetable potato seafood

ffiobuy

fruit, Pork, andrice'

k.

oft

184

Nguy6n f,m

Vowels

examples and practice those.

vowels in vietnamese, and a few unique exceptions. af the vowels in this section have very limited ,rt. in vietnamese, and so instead of full exercises, we'll just show a few real

In this chapter we'll introduce the last sets of complex

ue
HuG 1a city in Vietnam) .i nue leven) huQ (tity) thu0 (to rent)

uu
cila
(sheep)

Hfru (a name)

c{ru (to help) buu tliQn (post ffice)

u01r

other exceptions

kh6e (to be welt) huou cao c6 (giraffe) khuya (Noon) khuj.u (etbow) khudy Qo stir)
gtri (to send)

ruqu

(alcohol)

Now that you know the Vietnamese alphabet and the rules that it follows, the best way to continue practicing your pronunciation skills is to speak vietnamese. use the exercises from the chapters to help you sharpen -previous pronunciation of different vowel and consonant sounds, and practice the conversations and sentences in this book but most impofiantly, speak Vietnamese as much as possible!

tr

".-,

187

Bdi

Lesson
Tir vqng
I

t.14 0...

y'ocabfularv

....trOng nhu th6 ndo?

.

what does.... look like?

tooks (like)...

...trdng (nhu ld). ..

thdn th6, co thii

body beautiful (only for women)

handsome (only for men) cute

xinh dep, dep

dgp trai
d6 thucrng

to con, 16n con

cao

big (body)

tall
short weak, unhealthy strong, healthy

thap

.t

yeu khoe m4nh

map

fat
chubby

mflm rnim

minh mai
om, gay

slim thin, skinny bald

forehead

h6i

trfn
t6c t6c thing, t6c su6ng

hair
straight hair

t6c qudn, t6c xodn

curly hair

188

r89

l6ng

body hair
eye

trg6n tay nrong tay

finger

mht
l6ng mdy l6ng mi mfri
miQng

fingernail
1"g I
!,

o,'

eyebrow
eyelash
nose

chin

bin chdn
ng6n chdn rn6ng ch6n oau gol
.l
A.

foot
.f4 'u

foo'
toenail
knee

mouth

m6i ria mdp

rdu rdu quai n6n
^J cam rau

lips
moustache

dili
da
dlc

thigh
skin

facial hair
beard
goatee

brain
innards times, occurences

n6i tang
lAn

cam

chin
tooth, teeth
ear

rdng

...m6y lAn?
rua

how many times? to clean, to wash to wash your hands to wash dishes to wash clothing to clean house to mop the floor
to wash hair

tai
co
A

neck shoulder
chest

rbatay
rbabht ffia
giat d6; giflt qu0n rlo ldm vQ sinh nhd cua lau sdn
-). ^. oau g9r

vai
nguc hmg
eo

back

waist hip
stomach

h6ng
d4 ddy, bao tu

cao

to shave

cinhtay
bdn tay

aIIn
hand

c4o

riu

to shave a beard
a comb

(cdi) luoc, (cdy) luqc

190

chii t6c, chii

thm
-. or tam ,!

dAu

to comb hair
bathe, shower

Ngfr ph6p

Grammar
t{

to take a bath, shower to brush teeth

soap

nhiiu

d6nh rdng

xd b6ng, xd phdng
-l ^. dau dau gol ,l

shampoo

kem d6nh rdng

c6

toothpaste

bi

sao khdng?

What's the matter?, Is

something wrong?

You have probably noti,ced,"nhlt?al" used a few times this book aheady,but now it ne6ds to be explained a bit lirrther. "nhi\u" works as an intesifier when following verbs, similar to "rdt" afid"ldm", however it is not used with adjectives. It's English equivalent would be "very much", or "a lot".

e.g.

cdn bQnh

disease

thank you very much c6m crn nhiiu he talks a lot arlr- dy n6i nhi6u

bi b0nh
chm

to be sick

cold (illness)
to have a cold

In many cases "nhiiu" wlllbe precede dby "rdt" or followed by "ldm" to even further intensify the emotion'

bi cim
bQnh crim

e.g.

flu, influenza
to have the flu to be healthy, to be strong

thank you very much c6m crn ,At nhii, he talks a lot anh 6y n6i nhiiu tdm

bi crim
kh6e m4nh b6c si

"nhiu" also precedes classifiers and nouns' with meaning similar to "many", or "a lot".

doctor
to go to see the doctor drug, medicine to take medicine pharmacy

e.g.

" '.; nguol song 0 oay co nhiu

+r

:
many people live here

di kh6m bQnh
thur5c

^ ay uong nFtteu '.: nuOc co

:
she drank alot of water

t.,i uong tnuoc

nhd thu5c, hi6u thu6c

dt5n d6

nhiiu tan rOi : I've gone there manY times alreadY

r92 anh 6y mua nhiu

ciri citvat :
he bought many neckties

"
HQi Tho4i

193

1-

Conversation

"nhiu" can be preceded by ,,rdt, with nouns

lloa:

Chi Diqu bi bpnh

oi!

HOm nay tr6ngrchi kh6ng

,4 .l

khoe' Chi

, rat : nhiu ,.) nguoi e.g. co s6ng

o ddy : many people live here

h6?

,,r

DiQul You don't look wqll to$4}l. Are you sick?

l)iQu: U. H6m nay chi kh6ng kh6e l5m.

Yeah. I'm not very well todaY.

or with "ldm" in the final position of the sentence c6 6y u6ng

nhiiu

nuoc

ldm

:
she drank alot of water

lloa: l)i6u:

Chi bi bQnh gi? What illness do You have? Chi bi cirm

vdL

tr6ng
"tr6ng" is a verb which means ,,to look at,, ot o.to look,,, as in "you look tired". It can precede or follow the subject.

dd kh6ng ldm viQc dugc ba ngdy r6i'

I have the flu and I haven't been able to work for

three days alreadY.

Hoa:
DiQu:

Troi

oi!

Chi udng thu6c chua?

e.g. tr6ng

manh anh dy tr6ng khoe manh

anh 6y khoe

: :

he looks strong

Oh my God! Have you taken medicine yet?

he looks stron!

Chua. Chi kh6ng biet uOng thu6c gi.

"tr6ng" is also commonly used with the word cluster "cd v6". When "tr6ng" precedes the the subject, the subject is placed between "tr6ng" and,,c6 vd,,. Whinthe subject is placed first, it is followed by ,,tr6ng c6 vd,,.

Not yet. I don't know what medicine to take'

Hoa:

Sao chi chua di kh6mbQnh?

Why haven't you gone to the doctor yet?

e.g. tr6ng m6n dn niry c6 vd ngon :

this food looks delicious
m6n dn nity tr6ng c6 vd ngon : this food looks delicious

DiQu: Vi chi sg b5c si 16m!

Because

I'm afraid of doctors!

Hoa:

Di kh6m bQnh di chi! Drmg lo, em sE ili vdi chi

Go to the doctor! Don't worry,

I 'll

go with you'

t94

t95

HQi Tho4i

2-

Conversation

Cffu
A:

Vln -

Sentences
!i

Yoshio: Chi Linda, m6t nguoi bpn cira em n6i ld anh 6y

dang hoc ti6ng ViQt cr)ng lcrp v6i chi

CO 5y tr6ng nhu th6

ndo?
I

What does she

lookilike?
{4

Linda, one of my friends said that he's studying

Vietnamese in the same class as you.

B: CO Ay thAp vd c6 t6a

d&i. " '

She is short and has long hair.

Linda:

ThC he?

Anh 6y

tOn ld gi?

C. CO 6y tr6ng mdnh mai vd dPP

lim.

Really? What's his name?

She looks slim and very PrettY'

Yoshio: Anh 6y tn ld John. Chi bitit anh 6y kh6ng?

His name is John. Do you know him?

D. C6 ay r6t d6 thucrng.
She is very cute.

Linda:

Anh 6y tr6ng nhu th6 ndo? Lcrp cria chf c6 ba ngudi

t6n ld John.

A: Ban c6 bi sao kh6ng?

Is something the matter with You?

What does he look like? My class has three people

named John.

B: Toi bi bOnh.

I'm sick.
C: T6i (bi) dau rdng.

Yoshio: Anh 6y cao lim vd c6 t6c ngEn mdu ndu.

He's very tall and has short brown hair.

I have

a toothache.

Linda:

Anh 5y mflp hay 6m?

D: Toi (bi) dau dAu.

Is he fat or thin?

I have a headache.
E: Tdi (bi) dau bung l6m.

Yoshio: Anh 6y kh6ng m6p lim, nhrmg md to con.

He's not too fat, but he has a big body.

I have

a bad stomachache.

Linda:

A, chibiCt rOi. Anh 6y ld nguoi M!, phdi khdng?

F:
3.

T6i kh6ng sao.

There's nothing the matter with me.

Ah, I know now. He's American, right?

Yoshio: Phei. Ve anhhy n6inhi6ul6m! Right. And he talks a lot!

A:

Anh

sE

di mua xd phong vd ddu gQi ddu d ctra hdng.

soap and shampoo at the shop.

I'm going to buy

t96

l9?

B:

C6 6y dCnnhd thu6c d6 mua thu6c.

She went to the pharmacy to buy medicine.

CO ay ldm

v0 sinh nhd cria m6i cu6i tuAn.

She cleans her house every weekeud'

C: Anh 6y di khrlm bQnh vi bi dau r16u.

He went to the doctor because he has a headache.

A: Ding xi B:
C:

phdng tl6 rua taY.r

Use soap to washYour liands.

D: Khi
4.

bi bQnh t6i u6ng thu6c.

Dirng dAu gQi diu de'gQi ddl. Use shampoo to wash Your hair'

When I'm sick I take medicine.

A: B:

Em xem phim ndy ba tan rOl.

Dirng c6i lugc

<16

chii t6c.

I've

seen this

film three times already.

Use a comb to comb Your hair.

C6 6y d6n ddy nhi6u lin r6i.

She has come here many times already.

A: B:
C: D:

Tr6ng c6 5y c6 v6 bi benh.
She looks

like she's sick.

C: T6i di tlm

mQt ngdy hai l6n.

Tr6ng anhhy y6u16m.

He looks very unhealthY.

I take a shower two times a day.

D: Anh ey g&Ltd6

mQt tuOn ba lAn.

Anh tr6ng kh6e lfm.

He washes his clothes three times a week.

You look very well.

Ban tr6ng d5 thucrng qu6!

E: Ndm tru6c 6ng 6y di Hd N6i b6n lAn.

Last year he went to Hd NQi four times.
5.

You look so cute!

A:
B:

Tdi rbatay tru6c khi dn ccrm. I wash my hands before I eat. Anh 6y dithm, c4o rdu, vd d6nh rlng sau khi thric
dOy.

He takes a shower, shaves, and brushes his teeth after he wakes up.

d.-

198

Exercises
the 1. Write and say the following sentences in English' Repeat Vietnamese phrases several times to practice pronunciation'

2,

and statemffi Respond to the following questions

Practice speaking and writing'

B4n tr6ng nhu th6 ndo?

':d ,'u

,'l{
I

TOi d6nh rdng m6t ngdY ba

6n'

mdY ldn? B4n thucrng di tim mQt ngdY

B4n dirng c6i gi d6 rua taY? nan tttich t6c ng[n haY ld t6c ddi?
gi? Khi b4n bi benh bPn thuong ldm

B4n co bi sao kh6ng?

@nhnhi6ulAnroi.
precede these answers' Write the question that should

T"i *t"tt Ai."- t tt6ng dugc vi h6m nay tr;i minh phii lau nhd vd giflt quAn 6o'
Ba" tttuong di tEm lirc mdY gio?
Cd 6y di kh6m bOnh vi bi cim'

enn

aV t6c

ving vd mit xanh

da

trdi'

Kh6ng. T6ikh6ngbisao'

H". dt

.hdfi;

ddu gQi ddu, xd phong, vir lugc' lAn' Tdi thucrng ch6i toc mQt ngdy b6n

pl
200

Test

'l't.ilrrslation Test: Write and say the following sentenci ln ViCtRefn*: practice pronunciation' l{cpcat them several times to

Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamese vocabulary

She has long legs.

1. shampoo a. d6 thuong 2. to take a shower b. miQng

J.
a

4.
5.

6.
7. 8.

9.
10. 11.

to take medicine c. di tdm d. cao cute e. bi bEnh strong, healthy f. udng thu6c g. xir phong to brush h. d6nh rdng tall i. t6c fat doctor J. mul k. khoe mpnh mouth

soap

iilutntn" dishes after I eat dinner'

@whenlhaveacold'

teeth

@sebeforehe
I *-b -Y hair three times a daY '

took a shower.

t2.
13.

t4.

to wash hair body

eye

t.

mOp

15.

m. dAu gQi dAu n. b6c si o. mit p. mdnh mai q. thdn th6 r. rha

H"* m""y tt"*" u t"."k-ao you shave your beard?

flu' I went t" the d".tor because I had the
e has a headache'

242

203

tL

Lesson I
Ag", p ersonali ty tr aitsI characteri sti c s, addre towns and cities, distances, family terms, occupations, how, who
sse

s,

20s

Lesson 9
Tir vgng I" age
I

Vobabfularv

tuOi ban m6y

tu6it

fuwpft

are you?

ban bao nhi6u tu6i?

how old are you? old (people, animals,

plants, vegetation)

gie

tr6, nh6, non al

young who, somebody if...then how

engaged

n6u...thi nhu th6 nio

tlinh h6n
<linh h6n

v6i ai

to be engaged to somebodY

cu6i
dQc thdn

marry, to get married

single

thdn thiQn

friendly
good, nice

tot

lich
uAt

sU

polite
su

[ch

impolite, rude
interesting patient gossipy, nosy

thri vf, hay

ki6n nhdn
nhiOu chuyQn

206

n6i nhi6u
tlQc rlc

talkative
cruel

Ap

hamlet

bao xa

how

far,

{,

khtng, di6n, di6n khirng

thdng minh ngu

qazy
intelligent
stupid shy
honest sincere

c6ch
i.

tq b6 separated, to be a

i'

certain distance awaY from 14 *hornething meter

mic cd
that thd
chdn thdnh, chdn thdt

rn6t

ki

16

m6t

kilometer mile
near

dam gan
XA

ludi, ldm bitlng

y6n l[ng, y6n tinh t. on ao
b0n

lazy quiet noisy

busy to be free, to have free time
address

far

Gia tlinh
ddn 6ng ddn bd, phr; nft man

Family

rinh
dia chi
ducrng, phi5

woman
adult

street

thdnh ph6
quan huyQn

city
district (inner city) district (rural areas)
neighborhood atea

ngudi lcrn
tr6 em
em b6

child
baby

khu ph6

con c6i, con

con trai

child
son

khu vuc

thi tr6n thi xd

ldng, th6n

town (rural area) town (urban area) village

con gdi cnong

VO
,l

daughter husband

wife

208

.i

bo

father mother younger sibling younger brother younger sister older brother

NghG nghiQP

Occupatlonl
l ,'-

=99

m9

't

em
em trai em g6i anh

lran l]rm ngh6 gi? cOng

,wliat's your oceupatlon?

,i
. :')

viec gi6o vi6n

thAy gi5o, thdy
cO

iob
*6

tdacher, professor

male teacher, instructor female teacher, instructor professor

chi
6ng nQi 6ng ngopi
bd nOi bd ngoai

older sister father's father mother's father father's mother mother's mother
mother or father's elder

gi6o, c6

gi6o su
phong kh6m rdng nha
sT

dentist's office
dentist
business person

nhd doanh nghiP, thucrng gia sinh viOn

b5c

college student primary school student

brother (northern) father's elder brother

(southern)
chri cdu

hqc sinh
nhir vdn

writer

phi c6ng
ca si nh4c si nhd thi6t k6

pilot
singer

father's younger brother mother's younger brother

(northern)

musician
designer

mother's elder or younger brother (southern)

co

c6ng an
bQ

police officer
soldier nufse

dQi,linh

father's sister mother's sister

y tiL
tdi
x.5

di

driver

210

n6ng d6n

,
farmer
secretary

2ll

thu

kf

Ngfr ph6P

Grammar

n6i tro
thAy tu

housewife

n0u...thir
i

, \'

monk
mechanic barber, hairdresser

thq mdy

"nu...thi" is used to credL condigional sentences, just like "if...then" in English. , *$. : '

tho clttoc
tho u6n t6c ng6i sao tli6n 6nh
nam diSn vi0n nfr di6n vi6n

hair stylist movie star

actor
actress

e.g. nutdibi benh thitdisd di kh5mbqnh if I'm sick then I will go to see the doctor
^ --l Hong c6 ndu cO ,( ,t r i,- -r -*i rr-:-L -LA di thdnh ph6 thi c6 Ay sO go the city to will if H6ng has time then she , ,r \,

thoi

gian

'

nguoi chri
chri cria hdng chri c6ng ty girlm t16c
nhdn vin

cdch
ownef
shop owner

company owner

"cdch" actually means "to be separated". It is also used to tell distances from one point to another.

director office worker,

employee

e.g.

nhd anh Phiem (6) cdch dOy ndm trdm m6t Phiem's house is five hundred meters from here

tdi (d) cdch d6 hai ki

16

m6t

: :

nghd tU do

self employed engineer interpreter translator robber

I'm two kilometers from there

Sdi Gon (6) cdch Huti khoeng mQt nghin ki 16 m6t Sdi Gdn is about one thousand kilometers from Hu6

k! su
ngudi phi6n dfch nguoi bi6n dlch
k6 cucrp
kd tr6m

The verb

"d'is

optional.

thief

I.',]

212

bao xu
"bao xo" is a final question particle which means "how

gt {Who"' ln enses 'oai" isa question particle which medns pronoun! and,when $ ere the object of the sentence is n6t a is not being made, 'o"Qi"'cancome at the beginning

faf".

*t

: e.g. thi xd ctra ban c6ch ddY bao xa?

how far is Your town from here?

;;;;;

or final position in the

Phrasq'. td

!4

e.g. gi6o vin

cua tr;i minh ld

ai?

who is our teacher?

h6mnay anhhy dibaoxa?

how far did he go todaY?

: ai ld gthmtlOc c6ng tY ndY? who is the director of this comPanY?

habit of But be careful! The Vietnamese have the by context' and dropping pronouns when they are understood position of "ai" in some situations this means changing the verb' thus can cause it to become the object of another Also in some situations' ;il;G the meaning completely' o'ai" can cause the question to ;il;*; the position of
become comPlete nonsense'

nhw th6 ndo

"nhu th ndo" is a final question particle that means "how".

: e.g. c5i ndy noi bing ti6ng ViQt nhtt th ndo?

how do you say this in Vietnamese?

It is also used when asking about qualities or

characteristics.

e.g. aibit? :

who knows (you/this/that)? (bqn)bi6t ai? : who (do You) know?

e.g.

cO Ay

tr6ng nhu thd ndo?

:
what does she look like?

ai Ydu(ban) ? : who loves (You)? (ban) YOu ai? : who (do You) love?
or when When the object of the question is a pronoun' come in the creating possesive questions, "ai" must always final position.

anh ilyld ngudi nhu th ndo? what kind of person is he?

OR what is he like?

phim ndy ldnhw thd ndo? : how is this frlm? OR what is this film like?

e.g. with a pronoun as the object of the question:

chi Ay ld ai?

who is-she?

214

215

e.g. when creating

a possesive

question: whose book is that?

HQi Tho4i

I -

Conversation
*:t f

cudn s6ch d6 ld cria ai?

Vy:

Anh Khucrng, Chir nhAlndy anh s6ldm gi? this Sunday? Khucrng, what are yoii dolng ""4

When "ai" is the object of a verb, it can often mean both "anybody" and "somebody" in questions when preceded by the verb "c6".

Khucrng: SSng Chtr nh4t anh Adn tnann ph6 Sunday morning

v6i m9 anh.

I'm going to the city with my

e.g. bdy gio c6 ai d vdn phdng kh6ng?

: Vy:

mother.

is there anybody in the office now? OR is there somebody in the office now?

Vfly bu6i t6i thi sao? Gia dinh em mrr6n mdi anh
d6n nhd

choi. Anh r6nh L:h6ng?

My family wants to

So how about in the evening?

invite you to come to our house. Do you have time? "kh6ng ei" or "kh6ng c6 ai,, means ..nobody',.
Khucrng: Anh chua bi6t. Rnh chua bi6t khi ndo se v0
anh vd sdm thi sd gqi tliQn tho4i cho em nh6.

. N6u

e.g. kh6ng aibi}t

kh6ng c6

nobody knows

I don't know yet. I don't know what time we'rs

ai s6ngo ng6i nhd ndy

: Vy:

returning yet. If I return early I'11 call you.

nobody is living in this house

Vfly ctng dugc. Ggi cho em trudc s5u gid, dugc

khdng?

That's fine. Callme before six o'clock, okay?

Khucrng: Dugc

t6l. ettn

sE

ggi cho em tru6c s6u gio.

All right. I'll call you before six o'clock.

Vy:

Da dugc. Em sE chd diQn tho4i cria anh.

Fine. I'11wait for your call.

216

117

HQi Tho4i

2-

Conversation

HQi Tho4i

3-

Conversation

3
:l

Vy:

,{16,

Vy nghe.

Hoirng: Gia dinh cita ban c6 m6y nluoi?

How many people a're'there in^your family?
'
etl

Hello, this is Vy. Khucrng:Xin chdo Vy, Anh Khuong ddy. Anh
vC

r6i.

Titin:

Co b6n

ngudi.

gO mitOi;ejm trai t6i,

vi t6i'

Hello Vy, this is Khucrng. I came back already.

There are four people. My parents' my younger brother, and mYself.

Vy:

ThC ha?

Anh c6 rdnh il6 d6n nhd em kh6ng?

Really? Do you have time to come to my house?

Khucrng: C6 chri! Dfa chi nhd em s6 mdy? Yes, certainly. What's your address?

Hodng: Bd ctra ban ldm ngh0 gi?

What is Your father's occuPation?

Titin:

eO tOi ld c6ng an, ldm viQc o qu4n Tdn Binh'

Vy:

Dia chi nhd em ld hai

Vucrng.

16

t|mducrng An Ducrng

My father is a police officer, he works in Tdn Binh

district.
St.

My address is two zero eightAn Duong Vucrng

Khucrng: O qufln mdy vdy em?

Hodng: Cdn me ctra ban thi

sao?

And what about Your mother?

What district is it in?

Ti6n:

M9 t6i ld nhdn vi6n vin Phdng'

Vy:

O qupn ndm. Khi ndo thi anh d6n d6y?

My mother is an office worker'

It's in district five. When are you coming here then?

Khuong: Khoing hai ti6ng nfia. Anh
sO

Hoirng:

COng tY ctra bd aY 0 ddu?

di nghi m6t klt tru6c

Where is her comPanY?

khi

t16n nhd em,

b6y gio anh bu6n ngir qu5.

Titln:

O ducrng L6

Loi, qu4n nh6t'

In about two more hours. I'm going to rest before I

go to your house, I'm really sleepy now.

On LO Loi St., in district one'

Hoirng: Em trai ctra b4n ldm gi?

What does Your Younger brother do?

Vy:

VQy cflng

duqc. Hai ti6ng nfra em sd gdp anh .

That's fine.

I'll

see

you in two hours.

Em t6i

li hqc sinh. Em t6i nho 16m.

218

219

He's a student. He's very young.

Cffu
t.
su.

Vin -

Sentences

Hodng: Con ban thi sao? B4n ldm gi?

What about you? What do you do?

Ti6n:

A: Gia dinh cira bgn c6 mdy rlguoi? How many people diO'jn your family? " ,'4 anh trai, hai em g6i vd B: C6 s6u ngudi. Bd m9,
"nOt

,'

\''

TOi ld sinh

vi6n. T6i mu6n ldm k!

I'm a university student. I want to be an engineer. Hodng: Tdi cfrng vdy, t6i cfing ld sinh vi6n, nh.mg t6i kh6ng
mu5n ldm

t6i.
Six people. My father and mother, one older brother, two younger sisters, and myself.
C. C6 b6n

k! su. T6i mu6n

ldm nhd doanh nghiQp.

Me too, I'm also a student, but I don,t want to be an engineer. I want to be a businessperson.

ngudi. Vg t6i, m6t con trai,

mQt con g6i, vir

t6i.
Four people. My wife, one son, one daughter, and

myself.
2.

A: B4n bao nhi6u tu6i?

How old are you?
B: T6i ba muoi mtit tu6i.

I am thirty-one years old.

C: Ch6ng cira bpn bao nhiOu tu6i?

How old is your husband?

D: Ch6ng ctra t6i bl5n muoi m6t tu6i.

My husband is forty-one years old.

3.

A: Em m6y tu6i?
How old are you? B: Em biy tu6i.

I'm

seven years old.

221 220

C: Con g6i cta ban

miy tu6i?

A: Nhd ban o dulng ndo? What street is Your house on?,

B: Nhd t6i o ducrng niY.
t

How old is your daughter?

D: Con gdi t6i t6m tuOi.

My daughter is eight years old.

4.

MY house is on tltis"stt"t''

A: Chi ldm gi?

What do you do?
B: Chi ldm nghd gi?

C:

Nhd t6i o ducrng Ngdf6n Du' MY house is on NguY6n Du street'

"n

. A: Nhe t6i 0 gan ddv.

MY house is near here'
sT.

What is your profession?

C: Chi le (mQt) nha

B: Nhd t6i kh6ng d gan ddY'

MY house is not near here'

I am a dentist.
5.

A: Dia chi ctra anh ld gi?

What is your address?
B: Dia chi cria t6i

). A: Thi xd cira tdi o xa ddY lim'

MY town is very far from here'
ducrng Nguy6n

ld22l

Thi Minh

B:

Thi x6 ctra t6i kh6ng o xa ddY lim'

MY village is not very far from here'

Khai, Qufin 5, Thdnh PnO UO Chi Minh.

My

addres s

is 221Nguy6n Thi Minh Khai Street,

10. A:
B:

Vdn phong c6 Ay (0) chchddy bao xa?

District 5, HO Chi Minh City.

6.

How far is her office from here?

Vdn phdng cfia cO aV (d) c6ch diy t6m ki Her office is eight kilometers from here'
16

A: Nhd chi

sO

mdy?

m6t'

What number is your house?

(What is your address?) B: Nhd t6i ld sO 15, ptrO tran Nhflt Duflt, Qufln Hodn Ki6m, Thdnh pnO Ua Ngi.

C: Vdn phdng

ctra c6

6y chchctdy n6m trdm m6t'

Her office is five hundred meters from here'

11. A:

l6mki Thi xd cuabdngopi t6i c6chHdNOibamuoi

16 m6t.

My house is number 15, Trdn NhQt DuQt Street,

Hodn Ki6m District, He NQi (city).

222

223

My grandmother's village is thirty-five kilometers

from Hd NQi. Nhd anh dy 6 cilchbuu rliQn thanh ph6 mQt ki
mdt.
16

B: D6 ld bd ngoai cira t6i.

That's my grandmother.
C: T6i kh6ng Uitit
CO

,
"*

'

ta ai.r

I don't know who that is.

His house is one kilometer from the city post office.

15.

A. Anh trai cfia ban tlinh h6n vdi ai?

Who is your older brother engaged to? B: Anh 6y dinh h6n v6i m6t ngudi phq
Nam.

C:

Phan Thi6t c6ch thdnh ptrO uO Chi Minh mOt trdm

t6m muoi ki 16 m6t.

Phan Thitit is one hundred eighty kilometers from

nt ngudi

ViQt

Hd Chi Minh City.

t2.

He's engaged to a Vietnamese woman.

C: Anh 6y tlinh hdn

A: Ban c6 vo chua?
Do you have a wife yet? B: Chua c6. T6i v5n dQc th6n. Not yet. I'm still single.
C: Chua c6, nhrmg md dfnh h6n r6i.

v6i chi ghi ctnbpn tdi.

He's engaged to my friend's older sister.

16.

A: N6u t6i c6 duoc m6t c6ng viQc t6t thi t6i s6lfp gia
dinh.

If I get a good job, then I'll start a family.

B: N6u t6i lap gia dinh, thi t6i mu6n c6 mdt con trai vd
mOt con g6i.

Not yet, but I'm engaged.

13.

A: Ban c6 lap gia dinh chua?

Do you have a family yet? OR Are you married yet?
B. T6i dA l4p gia dinh.

If I have a family, then I want one son and one

daughter.
C: Ntiu t6i c6 con g6i, thi t6i mu6n con t6i ldm b6c si.

I have a family already. OR I,m married already.

C: Chua. T6i v6n nho

6m!

If I have a daughter, then I want her to be a doctor.

Not yet. I'm still very young!

17.

A: Anh 6y ld ngudi nhu th6 ndo?

What kind of person is he?

14.

A: Nguoi ttdn bd 116ld ai?

Who is that woman?

224

225

B: Anh 6y ld nguoi t6t. He's a good person.

C: Anh 5y n6i nhiAu l6m.

Exercises
If

l.

Write and say the following sentences ih English' Repeat the

9-

He is very talkative. D: Anh 6y th6ng minh l6m. He is very intelligent.

E: T6i kh6ng UiCt antr 6y ld nguoi nhu th6 ndo.

Vietnamese phrases several times-to prdctice pronunciation'

,f

f4

Em trai ctra t6i chua cucri duqc vi tr6 qu5'

I don't know what kind of person he is.

Gia dinh ctra tgi minh c6 silu ngudi.

Nhi cd 6y 6 qufln mdY?

Chi tOi kh6ng Phii ld nha si, chi 0Y

li

b6c si.

TOi khdng di thenh ph6

vi t6i bfln

rQn.

ffi6ncdphevdiemg6it6i.

ffivdthonthien.
Bd nQi ctra hQ r0t gia.

Ai ld thq udn t6c ctra ban?

226

227 Respond to the following questions and statements in

2.

Vi

Test 9
Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamebe vbbabulary

Practice speaking and writing.

1.

Bpn bao nhi6u tudi? Vocabulary

r.
iu
l-

I
t..
*

f4

2.

Ban c6l6p gia dinh chua?

1.

address

2.
a

patient

J.

if
polite
street
age

4.
J.
a

Dia chi nhd bpn ld gi?

5. 6.

a"tlucmg b n6i nhiAu x. c. on ao d. dla chi e. bao xa f. thdnh ph6

7.
8.

4.

B4n ldm ngh6 gi?

9.
10. 11.

friendly intelligent talkative district old

noisy young how far

g.tr?
h. n6u i. qupn j. lich su k. th6ng minh l. th6n thiQn m. gia n. tudi o. kin nhdn

t2.

J.

Write the question that should precede these answers.

13. 14. 15.

Family

city

l.
Di t6i ktit
2.
trOn

v6i mdt nhd vdn.

1.

2.
J.

4.

D6 ld 6ng ngo4i t6i.

3.

5.

6.
7. 8.

mother's father elder brother daughter father father's mother elder sister uncle mother's mother

a b

bO

bdnOi c. bhc d. di e. em trai f. anh

g'm9

youngerbrother h. 6ngngoai

Chua. Anh 6y chua c6 vg.

9.
10.

sister i. chi

J. con gal

228

Occupations
1.

following sent6nc! tn Translation Test: write and say the several times to practice pronunciation'
Repeat them

vffi

2.

4.
5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

police officer office worker teacher farmer

nurse

mechanic dentist engineer businessperson secretary barber

a. gi6o vi6n b. cdng an c. thg m6y d. thu kf nhdn viOn f. tho chtt6c g.v t6 h. nha si i. k! su j. n6ng dAn k. nhd doanh nhdn

Her husand is a mechanici

,.4

ff Vo" ut" hungry then wb'll go eat'

Wl*t tt yout *fe's

Wt"to

occuPation?

it

she engaged to?

Where do these people work? Match the professions on the right with the workplaces on the left.

ffin'thavechildrenYet'
His sott is tall and thin'

1.

nQi

2.
J.

trg nhdn vin gi6o vi6n

a. trucrng t14i hqc

4.
5.

6.
7. 8. 9.

b. sdn bay c. bQnh viQn ty d. nhi hdng gi6m d6c c6ng e. nhd yt6 f. vdnphong phi c6ng g. c6ng ty nha sT h. phong kh6m rdng chir cua hing i. cua hdng ngudi phgc vg

@ssis
I want to be a teacher'

lo3LolqiStreet'

@nty-sixYearsold'

230

231

tE

'

lN

Lesson 10
Plurals, comparatives and superlatives, feelings, animals, weather

233

Bei

10

Lesson 10
Tir vqng
i

,
tlT?l
4

Vocabulary

qr

chc

Particle

nhirng
hcrn

'plural particle
than, comparative particle most, superlative particle
less than, less

nh6t

it hon
nhi6u hcrn

more than, more

least

it

nh,6t

nhiAu nh6t
.A .t , gi6ng nhau; gi6ng nhu

most

sirnilar, same dissimilar, different

khSc nhau

chi th6i

only
final particle similar to
'othat's

it" or "that's all"

rnfi
dAu

just (in ref'erence to time)

o'

..'at all"

bn trong b6n ngodi

rnQt rninh

inside outside alone together

chung, cirng nhau

mOt

tired

234
,l

Duon ngu

sleepy happy

(con) chr

female animal dog

vui
vui v6
bu6n
ch6n

(con) cho
(con) mdo

fun
sad

catl

(con)heo
(con)

pig
F4

bored

vit

'a'duek chicken
hen

lo ling
tuc gifn , i,. a. Dol ror
dau long

worried
angry confused broken hearted

(con) gir (con) gdmhi

(con) gdfi6ng
(con) vot
(con) ngua

rooster elephant
horse

you

to love to love
to hate surprised (sth. unexpected)
surpri s ed (frightened)

thuong
ghdt
ngac nhiOn

(con) nglravin

zebra

(con)huoucao c6

giraffe
cow
OX

(con)bit
(con) bd dpc (con) trdu

het h6n, gi6t minh th6t vong

frustrated

bull
crab

(con) cua
DOng

vflt

Animals
pet

(con) ch

fish
shark

con vdt crmg, thri vflt

(con) chmQp (con) mgc

(con) so

nudi

squid shell shrimp

to take care of animals; to

raise animals (farm animals, pets, etc.)

(con) tdm (con) chim (con)l<hi

sd thri

zoo male animal

bird
monkey

(con) dgc

236

\d

237

(coz) dudi uoi (con) chudt

gorilla, orangutan
rnouse, rat

Thdi ti6t
n6ng

Weather

h"f
lcold
t, 4.

*'*

@ofi

rfun

snake

(con)hi)
(con) su tir
(con) ch
s6,,u

tiger

l4nh

lion
crocodile turtle
tortoise kangaroo goat
sheep

mhtmt
,,t nnleu gro mua tuyet ^.
nang c6
!

cogl, breezy

windy
rain
snow sunny

(con)baba
(con)

ria

(con) kdnguru (con) d (con)

miy

cloudy
hot weather

ctu

trcri n6ng

(con) gilu (con)l4c (con) dsi (con)bwom

dA

bear
carnel

trcri dang mua

it is raining
dark

tou tol tam

s6ng; sSng ch6i

t.

i,.-

bright
season

bat

butterfly
ant rnosquito

mia
mila xudn
mr)a hd

(con)kin (cor) mu6i

(coz) ru6i (con) ong

spring summer

fly
bee

mria thu

fall
winter

mta d6ng

238

Ngfr

phfp - Grammar
ctic

'd
nhirng

239

"nhtrngl'is used to create plural pouhs an"d pronouna ln situations where an undefined numbbr of people or itemB crc
being referred to.
'i

used to create plural nouns. It is used in situations where all items in question are included in the statement.

o'cdc

" is a particle

e.g. nhitngngdi

nhd O khufrhO^niy cfr rOi the houses in this neighborhood are old

e.g. cdc sinhvin o trucrng ndy cAn hgc ti6ng Anh

(all) the students at this school must study English

: h6m nay t6i mua nhirngcdy vitit va gi6y viOt today I bought Pens and Paper
nhirng ngudi 0 vdn Phdng ndY ld k! su : the people in this offrce are engineers

t6i nay cdcbant6i rtdn nhd t6i tonight my friends are coming to my house
cdc 6o so mi ndy t19p l6m : these shirts are very beautiful

"cdc" is also used to make plural pronouns.

"nhirng" is also used to create plural nouns and pronouns in situations where only a limited number of a group are being referred to. In this case it functions similar to the word "some" in English.

e.g. cdc anh6y ld nguoi Nhdt

they (those men) are Japanese

e.g. nhftng c6 6y h

c6 giSo <r trudng hoc cira t6i some of them (those women) are teachers at my school

cdc chi ld nguoi nu6c ndo? : what nationality are you (women)?

nhfrngngdy anh 5Y thich t1i so thri : some days he likes to go to the zoo

It should be noted that you should avoid using the term "cdc ngrdi" (people). When referring to people as "cdc ngwdi" it sounds rude and derisive.

hon
"hon" is used to create comparative adjectives. It follows the adjective it modifies.

e.g.

anh Ay cao hon

t6i

he is taller than

h6m nay trdi n6ng honhim qua : today the weather is hotter than it was yesterday
tr6vLt,,vt. ngon honthit bo : thit llllt llwv heo pork is more delicious than beefl

ft nhiit and nhidu

"lt nhaf' means "least" and"nkiiu nhdf' whqn modifYing verbs. ,{ r

e.g.
anh Ph5t

'

oti'

ft hon and nhiiu hCIn

"{t hon" means "less than" or "less" and"nhiiu hon" mgans "morg than" or "more".
r. e.g. t6i nay trdi mua ft hon t6i qua : tonight it rained less than
c6 Thiry thich mdo

*i

rt

nhli'*. pu6ltaks

the lcalt

d ViOt Nam

troi

mua {t nhdt ttongthdng b6n in Vietnam it rains the least in

Apdl

last night

c6 6yYOu ch6ng ctrac6 6Y nhiiunhdl she loves her husband the most

nhiiu hon cho

t6i thich c6i ndY nhiiu nhdt

:
I like this one the most

Thiry likes cats more than dogs

sau

khi hgc b4n sE bitit nhiiu hon : after you study you will know more

"at most" when followed by the verb "ld"

"it nhdt" and"nhiiu nhdt"

can also mean "at least" and

'

nhiit
"nhdt" is used to create superlative adjectives. It follows the adjective it modifies.

dn e.g. Anh 6y dn it nhd;tld ba ch6n com m6i bta He eats at least three bowls of rice every meal

e.g. CO

Kelly ngtt nhiiu nhiit ld ttm tingm6t ngdy Kelly sleeps at most eight hours a day

e.g.

anh 6y ld

nguoi

trudng cria tui minh he is the tallest person in our school

cao nhdt trong

mia d6ng ldmira lrythnhdt

winter is the coldest season

m6n 5n 0 nhd hdng d6 ngonnhdt: the food atthatrestaurant is the most delicious

242

11e

chL..thai "chf' and"th6i" are often used together. "chf is an adverb used to indicate a limited quantity or action, similar to "only" or'Just" in English. "tlt1i" is a final particle used to indicate finality, or a limit that has been reached. It could be compared to "that's if', or "that's all" in English.
e.g. c6 Lucy chi ttYiQtNam hai tudnth6i : Lucy has only been in Vietnam for two weeks
chi ba nguoi ddn ddy h6m nay thdi : only three people came here today

trdi m6i mua mQt ti6ng tru6c = it just rainpd an hsu

rF

dau
"ddlf'is
a

,
,

final particle use$-in negative sentenceg ln order to create an absolute negattve,'similar to "'..at all" in
English.

e.g.

anh

iy kh6ng hi6u tiOng Anh il6u

he doesn't understand English at all

Both"clti" and"tlt6i"
other.

can be used separate from each

t6i khdng thich m6n 6n ViQt Nam ddu : I don't like Vietnamese food at all
ban t6i kh6ng c6 tiOn

e.g. t6i chi thich c6i ndy

ddu

I only like this one

my friend doesn't have any money at all

gia tlinh t6i c6 ba ngudi th6i : my family has three people, that's all

m6,i "moi" is an adverb which is used to indicate an action that was very recently completed, similar to'Just" in English. lt precedes the verb it modifies.
^ --,1 Hi6n mbi e.g. c6

dn Hd

NQi

:.

em grii t6i mdi tinh d$y :

Hi6n just arrived in Hd N6i

my younger sister just woke up

244

245

Classifiers
Classifiers are words which are necessary when counting nouns in the Vietnamese language. Classifiers are also sometimes used in English. For example, "Atro tubes of toothpaste", "four glasses of watern', or ooa carton of milk". However, in most cases with, Vietnamese the rule is that if you can count it, you must use a1 classifier. In fact, if the main noun is already understood, it will often be omitted in speech, and only the classifier used. There are a few exceptions to this, though, and these are listed below. Classifiers usually group items which are perceived to have something in common or share a particular trait. However, sometimes the groupings can seem rather random, so it's always a good idea to try to learn which classifer to use at the same time you learn new nouns.

cuon

books, notebooks (southern)s'"

I

quyen
'a

books, notebooks

(northern)
' .j

cu0n

rolied things, film

newspapers, magazines, sheets ofpaPer

td

tr6i (southern), qui (northem)

fruits, vegetables, round

objects

cir

vegetables, edible roots that

grow beneath the ground

mreng
.A

pieces of food, meat, etc'

chai

bottles of beer, water, etc.

glasses of beer, water, etc. cups oftea, coffee, etc. cans ofbeer, soda, etc.

Classifier chi

Common Usage

ly
tirch

This is the most common classifier, roughly meaning

lon ffia
pnan h0p
,l

"thing". It is "generic"
types ofnouns.

and

plates of food servings, portions of food small boxes or Packets of

used with many different

ngudi
con

people animals, knives, boats,

roads, paths

things, e.g. cigarettes,

cookies

binh tui, gi6, bi

pots oftea, coffee, etc'

bags of fruit, food, etc.

ddn, bdy

groups, herds of animals

246

b0 chi6c

films, sets of

clothing

,.1

cars, motorcycles, boats,

are, however, certain types of nouns which do not and use classifiers. These are places, amounts of time, usually people.

fh"r.

pots

hir
dor

jars
pairs of things (chopsticks,,
shoes,

e.g.

t6i d6n ba nu6c r6i,=," I've. gone

q.

tsr

three countries already

etc.)

lAu, tAng

levels, floors of buildings,

classes of trains or airplane seats

t6i chd c6 dy mucri phrit r6i : I've waited for her ten minutes already
c6 s6u triQu nguoi s6ng 0 Sii Gdn there are six million people living in Sdi Gdn

l6n

times (occurences) kinds, types of things

seats, parking spaces, other

lo4i
ch6

small places b6ng

cdn

flowers
rooms, houses, apartments
houses, buildings

ng6i
tod b6

larger houses, buildings

bunches (vegetables,

chopsticks)
c9c cdy

piles (money, paper, etc.)

pencils, pens, trees, chopsticks, skewers

248

249

How to Use Classifiers

5.

l. cardinal number (mQt, hai, ba...) + classifier * noun e.g. hai con ch6 : two dogs
t6i c6 hai cqn ch6 I have two dogs bdn td b5o four newspapers c6 b6n to b6o o trn bin there are four newspapers on the table

classifier * noun + adjective e.g. con ch6 nh6 : a small dog t6i c6 mdt con ch6 nho : I hdve b'small dog tcy b6o m6i : a new rr.yr$up", dny h mQt to b6o,.rndi i this is a new newspaper
i,
.4

2.

qlassifier

* noun + ndy, d6, or kia

e.g. con ch6 ndy

this dog coq ch6 ndy ctra t6i this is my dog td b6o d6 = that newspaper td b6o d6 cira ar? whose newspaper is that?

6. classifier + noun + ndo 'i , e.g. con ch6 niro : which dog? con ch6 ndo tr6 nhit? : which dog is the youngest? td b5o ndo? : which newspaper? tq b6o ndo cria ban? : which is your newspaper?
7.

nhiu * claSsifier * noun e.g. nhiOu con ch6 : many dogs

J.

noun + ordinal number (thri nh6t, thri hai...) e.g. aon ch6 thir nh6t the first dog con ch6 thri nh6t mdu den the first dog is black b6o thri ba tq the third newspaper to b6o thri ba o tr6n bdn the third newspaper is on the table

classifier

4.

m6y+classifier*noun e.g. m6y con ch6? : how many

ban c6 mdy con ch6? :

dogs?

how many dogs do you have? m6y& b6o? how many newspapers? anh 6y dqc m6y td bdo rdi? how many newspapers did he read already?

250

251

HQi Tho4i

1-

Conversation

HQi Thoqi 2

Conversation

Hi6p:
Trinh: HiQp: Trinh:

Nhd em c6 nu6i thri vdt, phii khdng?

Loi:

Chdo anh Thenh! IG6ng f4p anh ba ngdy

r6i. Anh

Your house has pets, doesn't it?

Da,

di tl6u v4y?

'o

in

phii. Nhd em c6 hai con ch6.

/l

Hello Thdnh! I have4'tseed lou for three days already. Where did You go?

Yes, it does. My house has two dogs.

Hai con ch6 mdu gi?

Thdnh: Chdo anh Lsi!

nay.

TOi dA di Ed

L4t. T6i mdi vO s6ng

What color are your two dogs?

M6t con mdu den vd mQt con mdu ndu. Cdn nhi
cria chi thi sao? C6 nu6i thir vpt kh6ng?

Hello

Lqi! I went
a1?

to

Di L4t. I just came back this

morning.

One is black and one is brown. How about your house? Does it have any pets?

Lgi:
Thdnh

Anh di voi

Who did you go with?

TOi di mQt

HiQp:

C6, nhrmg md nhri ch! kh6ng c6 ch6. Nhd chi chi

c6 mQt con mdo.

minh. Chi t6i mudn di v6i t6i nhtmg md rinh.

chi 6y kh6ng

Yes, but my house doesn't have a dog. My house

I went alone. My older sister wanted to go with me

but she didn't have free time.

only has a cat.

Trinh:

Sao

vdy? Chi kh6ng thich ch6

h6?

Loi:

Thcri ti6t d Dd L4t nhu thi5 ndo?

Why? You don't like dogs, huh?

What is the weather like in Dd LPt?

Hi6p:

Kh6ng phii, chf thich ch6l6m, nhrmg con mdo cria

chi khdng thfch ddu!

Thdnh: Trdi l4nh. O Di Lat troi kh6ng n6ng dAu. It was cold. It's not hot in Di Lat at all.

No, I like dogs a lot, but my cat doesn't like them at all!

Lgi:

ThC

ha? O ddy troi vdn n6ng 16m. Anh c6 mua

dugc c6i gi kh6ng?

Really? Here the weather was still hot. Did you buy
anything?

252

253

Thdnh: C6!

TOi mua nhidu hoa cho me t6i, m6t do so mi

CAu

V[n -

Sentences
, *i.

cho chi t6i, vd hai hQp tr6i d6u.

Yes! I bought many flowers for my mother,

a shirt

1.

A: Hdm nay thoi ti6t nhu

!,

ttr,5 r{aoZ i
t4

for my older sister, and two boxes of strawberries.

How is the weather$oday?

B: H6m nay trdi n6ng.
*4.

Loi:
ThAnh:

Anh mua hai hQp trii dilucho ai?

Who did you buy the two boxes of strawberries for?
MQt hQp cho tdi vd mQt hQp cho anh!
!

Today the weather is hot.

C. Hdm nay trdi ning.

One box for me and one box for you

Today the weather is sunny.

2.

Loi:
a

Ot
lot!

Cam crn anh rAt nhidut TOi thich dn d6u lim.

A: Trdi dang mua.

Oh! Thank you so much. I like to eat strawberries

B:

It is raining.
I

r0l

sap mua.

Thdnh: Kh6ng c6 chi. Chric dn ngon nh6!

Never mind. Enjoy them!

It's going to rain.

C: lr01 mua ror.
).'

It rained already.
D: Troi m6i mua.

It

has

just rained.

E: Trdi dd mua trong mQt tuAn r6i.

It has been raining for

a week already.

F: O ViQt Nam trdi kh6ng bao gid c6 tuy6t.

In Vietnam it is never snowy.

3.

A: T6i thich mdo.

I like

cats.

B: Tdi thich con mdo ndy.

I like this

cat.

254

255

C: T6i thudng khdng thich mdo nhrmg t6i thich con

7.

A: iuon an ThhiLancay nh6t. Thai food is the

B:

mdo ndy.

I usually don't like cats, but I like this cat.

4.

spiciest. Cu6n s6ch ndy thri vi nh6t.

t

t
I

A: Hai d6i giAy ndy c6 gi6ng nhau kh6ng? Are these two pairs of shoes the same?
B: Hai cu6n s6ch ndy gi6ng nhau.
These two books are the same.

This book is the most'interesting.

C: Trong gia tlinh t6i, t6i td nguoj'cao nh6t, vd chf g6i
,IJ

t6i ld ngudi th6p nh6t.

In my family, I am the tallest and my older
sister is the shortest.

Those two bags are not the same. 5.

D:

O ViQt Nam, th6ng tu ld th6ng n6ng nh6t.

A:

Ao so mi ndy vd 6o so mi d6 c6 khdc nhau kh6ng?

Are this shirt and that shirt different?

In Viefiram, April is the hottest month.

A:

Ban thich chitSc xe 6td ndo hcrn, chi6c t16 hay ld chitic den?

B:
C:

Crii mfr ndy vit cfii mfi tl6 kh6c nhau.

This hat and that hat are different.

Chii5c xe dpp ndy vd chi6c xe tlap d6 khdc nhau nhu

Which car do you like more, the red one or the black one?

th6 nio?

B:
C:

T6i thich m6n [n Nh0t nhAt

How are this bicycle and that bicycle different?

6.

I like

Japanese food best.

A: B:
C: D:

Anh Cucrng cao hcrn anh Dric.

Cudng is taller than Eric. Lon bia ndy lanh hcrn lon bia d6. This can of beer is colder than that can of beer.
T6c cria tdi ddi hcrn t6c cira anh trai t6i.
9.

M6n 5n niro ngon hcrn, m6n dn Th6i hay m6n dn

Nhat?

Which food is more delicious, Thai food or

Japanese food?

A:

O thdnh ptrO HO Chi Minh con cludng ndo ld ddi

nh6t?

My hair is longer than my older brother,s hair.

Hdm qua trdi n6ng hon h6m nay.
Yesterday the weather was hotter than today.

In HO Chi Minh city which street is the longest?

256

B:

2s7

O thdnh pfrO UO Chi Minh duong DiQn Bi0n pht ld ddi nh6t.

B: T6i budn vi trdi mua.

I'm

sad because

it's

raining. ,

\..

In H6 Chi Minh city DiQn Bi6n phri street is the

longest.

C: T6i budn vi c6 6y kh6ng yCJ tOi.

I'm

sad because shd doesrr't love me.

i.
e4

10. A: B:

Anh thich con v6t ndo nhStt Which animal do you like best?

D: T6i kh6ng c6 buiin dau'.i Tdi chi bu6n ngtr th6i.

I'm not sad at all. I'm only sleepy.

Tdi thich con voi nhdt vi n6 ld con vdt to nh6t.

I like

elephants most because they,re the biggest

animals.
11.

A:
B:

Ch! c6 thich nhirng bQ phim Hdn eu6c kh6ng?

Do you like Korean films? Kh6ng. T6i chi thich nhirng b6 phim My th6i. No. I only like American films. 12.

A: Ttii mai cic anh 6y c6 di xem phim v6i chring ta

khdng?

Will they go to the cinema with

us tomorrow night?

B:
C:
13.

C6. Hq r6t vui vi chring ta moi he. Yes. They are very happy because of our invitation.

Khdng. Vi h9 mQt. No. Because they're tired.

A:

Tpi sao ban tr6ng c6 ve bu6n v4y? Why do you look sad?

258

"
Exercises

zsg |

2.

Respond to the following questions and statements in Vietnamese.

$'"

Practice speaking and writing.

l.

Write and say the following sentences in English. Repeat the

Vietnamese phrases several times to practice pronunciation.

1.

Trong gia dinh ctra,b4n ai id ngudi th6ng minh nhAt?

te4

E"

T6i chi thich

<li

choi khi trdi m6t m6.

2.

DAt nu6c ndo l6n hcrn, ViQt Nam hay ld Trung Qu6c?

C6i tl6ng h6

niy mic

hcrn chid6.
J.

Nhd ban c6 nudi ch6 mdo kh6ng? Ni5u c6 thi b4n c6 con gi? C6 m0y con?

Th6ng tru6c trdi mua nhi6u qu6.

T6i qua anh 6y u6ng nhiOu ly bia.

4.

HOm nay thoi ti6t nhu thtl ndo?

Nhd c6 5y kh6ng c6 nu6i ch6 mdo.

J.

Write the question that should precede these answers.

M6n 6n ViQt vd m6n 6n M! khdng gi6ng nhau d6u.

L
Trong c6c con chnity, con ndo ld con lcrn nh6t?
Dp kh6ng. T6i kh6ng thich troi 14nh ddu.

Trong gia tlinh t6i, 6ng n6i ld nguoi gid nhdt.

2.

TOi thich m6n 6n Th6i Lan nhi6u nhdt.

HA NQi nho hcrn Sdi Gon.
J.

TOi thich cdi ndy nhi6u hcvn

vi c5i d6 mic hon.

261

Test 10
Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamese vocabulary

Classifiers
1.

2.

Vocabulary

J.

4. alone
same

l. 2.
J.

hate

4.
5. 6. 7. 8.

than

only
outside happy worried other tired sleepy inside different most how

9.
10. 11.

12.
13.

14.
15.

hon chi c. nh6t d. lo l6ng e. mQt f. gh6t g. bu6n ngri h. b6n ngodi i. nhu th6 ndo j. mQt minh k. gi6ng nhau l. kh6c m. vui v6 n. b6n trong o. kh6c nhau

a b

5.

vehicles plates of food books animals general, "things"'

" f

a. cont U. cLlcc

lir

.i.non
d.di,a.
+e. mi6ng

6.
7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

fruit
cans glasses

bottles pieces of palrs

meat

chi g. trhi h. d6i i. lon j. chai k. lv

f.

Animals
1.

2.
J.

pig cow
dog horse rut cat monkey elephant

a con ch6

b con voi c. con mdo

4.
5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

bird
chicken

d. conbd e. conkhi f. con gd g. conheo h. con chuQt i. con nglra j. con chim

262

263

Translation Test: write and say the following sentences in vietnamese.

Repeat them several times to practice pronunciation.

t?

I am younger than you.

These two pairs of shoes are the same.
n{.
r4

Which is bigger, this one or that one?

The weather in Vietnam is hot and sunny in March.

It rained already today.

Appendix

Useful words and phrases

I usually like dogs, but I don't like that dog.
How is this car different from that car?

I have only two books.

I am most tired after I do exercise.

264

265

General Conversation

When?

Khi ndo?
Tai sap?
t..

whv?

u..

Hello. Good morning

Good afternoon. Good evening

Xin chdo

Which? How?
t4

cafi naoz

Lim sao?; Nhu thti nio?;

14

How are you?

Fine.

Sio?

Ban c6 kh6e kh6ng? Kh6e.

Whose?

Cila al?
Bao nhiu? Bao nhi6u tiAn? C5i ndy. C6i d6, c6i kia. C6i kia. C6i ndy bao nhiOu ti6n?

Not fine. Not very well.

Kh6ng khoe. Kh6ng khoe lim.

so-so. TOi binh thudng.

How much? How many? How much (money)?

This. That. That one over there.

I'm normal, I'm I'm sick.

How about you?
Good bye.
See See

Tdi bi benh.
Con b4n thi sao? Tpm biQt.

How much is this? What's this? What's that?

Where? Here.
There.

you tomorrow. you later, See you again.

Mai gdp lai.

Hgn gpp lai.

Chiniry ld c6i gi?

C6i d6 ld c5i gi?
O tt6u.

Thank you. Thank you very much.

Cilm 0n. Ciim on nhi6u. Kh6ng c6 chi.

O ddy.

You're welcome.
Excuse me. / I'm sorry. Never mind.

o d6.
O kia.

Xin l6i.
Kh6ng sao ddu.
R6t vui tluqc g{p b4n.

Over there. Where is the bathroom?

Nhd vQ sinh o ddu?

benh vign nhd thu6c
sdn bay

Nice to meet you.

Who? What?

hospital
pharmacy

Ai?
C6i gi?

airport
bus station

b6n xe

266

267

train station
hotel market
embassy

ga xe hia

Please

Lim
.I

crn;

Vui ldng
q'"

khdch s4n chg tda dpi su buu diQn

Not yet. Already.

Chua. R6i.
t

I did it already.
But

.t. lor lam ror.

post office

'{ Nhring me
Drmg Ermg tli. Drmg ldm.
Bpn (tlang) tli dAu?

Hello? (on the phone)

Al6? Tdi mu6n n6i chuyQn vdi

John.

Don't
Don't go. Don't do it.
Where are you going?

I'd like to speak to John.

John's not home.

John khdng c6 nhd. John tl6y.

This is John.

I'm going to _.
Have you eaten yet?
.

T6i (dang) di
B4n dn ccrm chua? Bpn t6n (ld) gi?

Wait

a moment.

Chd mQt chrit.

Please hang on.

Vui long gifr m6y.

Thi3 he?

What's your name?

Really?

My name is _.
What do you do? What's your occupation?

T6i t6n (ld)

B4n Bpn
TOi

Right?
Is that correct?
Yes.

Phii kh6ng? Dirng kh6ng?

N6 dring kh6ng?
Vdng.
KhOng.

lim gi? lim ngh6 gi?

I'm
I,

a businessman.

h nhd doanh

nghiQp,

No. That's correct. That's not correct.

doctor
engineer student secretary
teacher, instructor

b6c si

tjung rol.
Kh6ng ihing.
Ni5u

k!

su

sinh viOn

If
Then
Because

thukf
gi6o vi6n gi6o su kh6ch du lich, du kh6ch

Thi

Vi

professor

Maybe

c6le

tourist

268

farmer

n6ng ddn

Vietnam is an easy place to live. ViQt Nam ld m6t noi r5t a5

s6ng.

driver
housewife
mechanic What' s your nation ality?

tdi x6 n6i trg thg mriy

B4n ld nguoi nu6c ndo?

{'.

I like Hanoi.

rot ttrich HdNOi.

I

I don't like

Hanoi.

':

T6i kh6ng thich Hd NQi.

,..4

I like the countryside.

Can you speak Vietnamese?

'r.TOi thich miAn qu6.

B4n n6i tlugc tiiSng ViQt kh6ng?

I'm Vietnamese.
American Australian
German French

T6i le nguoi Vit.

My
Uc

I can speak a little Vietnamese. T6i n6i dugc mQt chrit titfng
Vi0t.
Do you know how to speak English?
Ban bitit n6i tiiing Anh
khOng?

Dfc
Ph6p

English
Russian
Japanese

Anh
Nga Nhat
NhQt

I don't know how to speak English.

Bin
Please speak slowly. Please repeat that. Can you read

T6i kh6ng bitit nOi tii5ng

Anh.

Korean

Hdn Qu6c B4n thich ViQt Nam kh6ng?

Do you like Vietnam?

Lim on n6i cS0m lai.

Vui ldng n6i
14i.

Vietnamese people are friendly. Ngudi ViQt thdn thiQn.

Vietnam is very hot. Vietnam is very beautiful.

ViQt Nam n6ng l6m.

Vietnamese?

B4n c6 thi5 dqc titing ViQt khdng?

ViQtNam tlgp l6m.

,,l lrfl mua nhreu.

It rains a lot.

Do you know how to write Vietnamese?

Ban bii5t vi6t ting ViQt kh6ng?

Vietnam is a tough place to live. ViQt Nam ld mQt notrht kh6 s6ng.

I can't hear.

T6i khdng thti nghe.

270

271

I didn't

hear.

TOi dA kh6ng nghe. ViQt.

I'm Jirrorced.
My wife passed away. How's the weather?
The weather is

T6i da ly di.

['m studying Vietnamese. T6i (<lang) hqc ti6ng ['m studying Vietnamese with this book.

vq toi dqAAt. rdoi titit nhu th6 ndo?

: i"
n{.

Tdi (tlang) hec titing ViQt

v6i cu6n
What does

s6ch ndy.

hot. The weather is cold.

It's raining.
Can

Trdi thi n6ng.

t"r6i thi lanh. Trdi dang mua.

mean?

c6 nghia ld gi?

How old are you?

B4n bao nhi6u tu6i?

I meet you again tomorrow?

Ngdy mai t6i gflp lpi bPn
dugc kh6ng?

['m thirty-one years old.

Where do you live/stay?

T6i ba muoi m6t tu6i.

B4n si5ng d dOu?
I

I live/stay inlat

_.

ol song o _.

A"

Can you teach me Vietnamese?

B4n d4y ti5ng ViQt cho t6i dugc kh6ng?

How many people are in your family?

Gia rlinh (cria) ban c6 m6y

I like

_. _.

TOi thich

ngudi? How many brothers and sisters do you have?

B4n c6 bao nhi6u anh chi
em?

I don't like

T6i kh6ng thich

TOi thich nguoi ViQt.

I like Vietnamese people.

You are very kind.
Where are you staying?

B4n t6t bqng lim. Bpn dang dddu?

-.

Do you have a wife yet?

Ban c6 vg chua?
I ol co v0 ro1.
, l.

I am staying

at the New

World Hotel. T6i tlang o kh6ch s4n New

World.

I have

wife already.
a husband

yet. Do you have a family yet?

I don't have

T6i chua c6 ch6ng.

B4n lflp gia ilinh chua? Here is my address. Here is my phone number.
Can you give me your address?

Ddy ld dfa chi cira t6i. Ddy ld

sO diQtt

How many children do you have already?

Bpn c6 m6y ch6u rdi?

tho4i cira t6i.

B4n cho tdi dia chi cira b4n dugc kh6ng?

I'm single

T6i cdn tlQc thdn.

272

273

Can you give me your phone number?

In a Restaurant
I

Ban cho t6i s6 diQn tho4i

ctra bpn ducrc kh6ng?

I want to order
What would you like to eat?
.

T6i muon g9l _.

Ban mu6n 6n m6n 5n gi?

t"

Call me.

Gqi diqn thoai cho t6i

nh6.

What would you like to drinlt?, n Bprtamu6n u6ng gi?

Please give me a glass of

Can

I call you?

T6i ggi di6n thoai cho

bpn
du-o.

water. Vui ldng cho t6i mQt ly

nu6c.

c kh6ng?

I'm leaving tomorrow.

Ngdy mai t6i tli r6i.

Please give me one serving of fried rice.

I'm going back to my country next week.

fIL

Vui long cho t6i mQt phdn

tol ve nuoc.
Please give me some more rice.
ccrm chin.

I uan sau

Vui long cho t6i th6m

Cho t6i mQt it d6.

ccrm.

Give me some ice.

I don't eat meat.

Is

T6i kh6ng 6n thit. N6 c6 cay kh6ng? N6 cay qu6!

N6 kh6ng c6 cay.

it spicy?

It's too spicy! It's not spicy.

Is it good/delicious?

N6 c6 ngon khdng?
Ngon lim.

It's very delcious.

This food is very delcious.

M6n dn niry ngon lim.

N6 kh6ng ngon.

It's not good/delcious. It's okay

N6 cflng dugc. T6i thich m6n dn vi6t

Nam.

I like Vietnamese food.

274

275

I want to eat dessert.

T6i mu6n dntrilng

miQng.

squid
eel

muc

luon
I

r,i

Chric 6n ngon!

Enjoy your meal!

I Or no ror.
l.

fruit
orange banana

t16i cdy
i'

I'm full.
That's enough.

;"

tr6i cam

Dri rdi.

nu't

fi '"tt"oi

..4

I'm drunk.
Vietnamese food
Can

lol

say rol.

.l .

apple

triit6o
tr6i bu0i tr6i dOu tr6i thom

m6n [n Vipt Nam

grapefruit / pomelo strawberry

pineapple
grape

I have the bill?

food
dish
meat

Imn tlen.
thirc dn
m6n

in

h6i nho
tr6i dua h6u trdi chanh tr6i
16

thit
thit bd thit heo thit gn thit vit tnmg
hdi sin
cL

watermelon

beef pork
chicken meat duck meat
eoo -bb

lime
pear rambutan lychee coconut tamarind papaya guava mango

tr6i chdm ch6m

trfiivhi
tr6i dria tr6i me tr6i du dtr trdi 6i tr6i xodi

seafood

fish
shrimp lobster
crab

tdm
t6m htm
cua
so / nghu

jackfruit
durian longan

trhimit
trar sau neng

shell snail

;.

.^

oc ^

trrli nhdn

276

277

vegetable

rau bdng
cdLi ,.

fruit juice
xanh
!

nudc tnii cdy

sinh

broccoli

fruit shake milk

t6'
.

T'.

cauliflower
peas

DOng cal trang

rpu
':

dflu hd lan rau xd l6ch

coffee
tea
iced tea limeade beer soft drink alchohol

lettuce
cabbage

iced coffee with milk

'

, *[ '-4
trd
trd dh

cd oh
ca pne sua oa

. ,,'^

,:,

Dap cal

tomato mushroom potato carrot

tr6i cd chua
nam
cri khoai tdy cu ca rot 'cri hdnh
i.

nu6c chanh bia nudc nggt

zuqu

onion
corn cucumber
bean sprouts

tr6ibtp
trdi dua leo

water to cook
steamed

nu6c
nau an nap
,A

gi'
cir

garlic ginger basil

lemongrass

t6i

grilled
stir fried
deep fried

nu(rng xdo chi6n

luQc

cir gimg rau que

si
CIt

boiled
baked

chili pepper
egg noodles

dft ld
nuoc mam
,!

mi
pho; hir tiu . .A sol mren
d6 u6ng
.

fish sauce
soy sauce

rice noodles
glass noodles

nu6c tuong tuong ot

chili

sauce

drink, beverage

218

279

Expressing Needs and Feelings

I want to rest a little.

TOi mu6n nghi mQt

chrit. ,
I want to go to a doctoriclinic
I i

$,.

-..., -^. rhudn tli T6i kh6m bnh.

I

I'm hungry. I'm thirsty. I'm tired/exhausted. I'm

sleepy.

TOi d6i bung.

I need to go to the hospital.

I need to go to the pharmacy.

I or
rM^.

... -A pnal oen Dgnn vrgn.

,4

T6i kh6t nu6c.

^..4 I or met lam.

t ". lol pnal

-A den nna tnuoc. ^

I'm feeling beffer.

Help!
Watch out!

T6i th6y khoe hon.

Ciru vdi!

Tdi bu6n ngir.

TOi hpnh phric.

I'm happy. I'm excited. I'm hot. I'm cold.

I don't feel well.

Coi chimg!

T6i vui qu6. Tdi n6ng. Tdi lpnh. Tdi kh6ng khoe.
Toi bi benh.
TOi dau bUng.

I want to drink some water.

I want a bottle of beer. I want a glass of coffee.

lor muon uong nuoc.

T6i mu6n m6t chai bia.
^. ly cd ph6. T6i mu6n mQt t
t

AA

I want a pack of cigarettes. I want to go to the bathroom. I want a single room. I want a double room.
How much for one day?

T6i mu6n mQt hQp thudc T6i mu6n di nhd

vQ sinh.

16.

I'm sick.
I have a stomachache.
a headache

--r dau. oau

sOt

Tdi mu6n phdng tlcrn. ,< , . ^a.

lol

muon pnong oor.

a fever

M6t ngdy bao nhi6u tin?

N6 thi 6n do l6m.
Phong ndy cfing dugc.

a sore throat

vi6m hong
ch6ng mflt

It's too loud.

This room is fine.
Please turn on the fan.
Please turn up the air conditioner.

dizziness diarrhea
a cold

tiu chiy

Vui ldng

bQt qupt ln.

bi cdm bi crim
TOi cAn udng thu6c.
I 01 can ngu.
L

the flu

Vui ldng tdn nhit d0

m6y lanh l6n.
Please turn down the air conditioner.

I need medicine.

I need to sleep.

280

28t

Vui ldng gi6m nhiQt

lpnh xu6ng.

tlQ m6y

I forgot. I can't remember.

Let's go.

I ol

^ quen

rol.

I,

T6i kh6pg tpp nh6.

I want some more water.

T6i mu6n th6m nu6c.

TOi

cprls
':

ta

tli (th6i).

I'm lost.
I don't have enough money.
I need to go get money. I want to go to the bank. I need to exchange money. I want to
. (verb)

bi lpc ducrng.

I'm busy.
..),

^ co clu tlen. I ol Kllong

T6i phii tti 6y tiAn.

, -,

:" T6i dang ban.

e4 r..^. r r I

I'm

sad.

t"ol ouon.

I'm lonely. I'm angry. I'm mad at myself. I'm homesick. I'm I'm I'm
confused. embarrassed. bored.

T6i c6 ilQc. T6i tuc gipn. Tdi gipn chinh minh. T6i nh6 nhd.
i. t. -^., I ol bor rol.

T6i mu6n tttin ngdn hdng.

T6i phAi tli tlOi ti6n.

T6i mu6n T6i mudn

Bpn hi6u kh6ng?

want

(noun)

Do you understand?

T6i xAu h6. Tdi ch6n. T6i lo l6ng. Tdi sq.

TOi bi t6n thucrng. TOi (bi) tlau.

I don't understand. I understand

a

Tdi kh6ng hi6u,

a ,, ^. cnut. I ol nreu mot
TOi kh6ng bitit.

little.

I'm worried. I'm

scared.

I don't know. I agree with you.

I believe you.

_^. -\ r 01 oong y.
T6i tin ban. Tdi kh6ng tin ban d6u.
I

I'm hurt (emotionally). I'm hurt (physically).

No smoking
Speak up.

I don't believe you. I'm

sure.

C6m hrit thu6c.

ol cnac ma.

,!

N6i

lcrn l6n.

I'm not sure.

I'm just joking.
No problem.

Tdi khdng chlc l6m. T6i n6i dia th6i.

Kh6ng sao ddu.
MQt chrit.

I made
Wait

a mistake

lol

, .x. co lol.

a moment.

Chd mQt chrit. Sinh nh4t vui v6. Chric mimg Giring Sinh. Chric may mfn.

Happy birthday.

A little bit. (amount) A little bit. (time)

Merry Christmas.
Good luck.

M6t l6t.

282

283

I wish you happiness.

Happy New Year. Have a nice Tet Holiday.

Chric bpn hpnh phric. Chric mring ndm mdi. Chric dn ttit vui ve.
e4

{'r

i'"

Appendix

II

Answers to multiple choice and translation tests

284

Test

Answers

,il

285

Traislating:

Matching: l'f 2'm 3'h 4'a 5'p 6'd 7'q 8'c 9.n 10. o 11. e rz.k 13. j r4.t ls. b Translating:

il
[ ,L

Il;,'J#rnu6cndo?
3.

Tt cion o trong phdng. ]'

,l

,,r
'l4

t'i

4.c6indybaonhi6utin?
5.c6id6m6c
qu6.

,,'0,

[
'iI

6. TOi c6 diQn tho4i.

gi? 2. Tdi tn ld .
l'
Bpn tOn (ld)
3. B4n (c6) khoe'kh6ng?

7. Tir di6n o du6i giucrng.

ru il{
'[ I f t chi. Test2 I I il il il .il

8. s6ch
9.

cr

giira gi6y vd m6y chup hinh.

Tivi d tt'u?

4. CAm on.

chi. 6.Khongsaoddu.
5. Kh6ng c6 7. Rat vui duoc gpp ban 8. Ddy c6

Test 3

Matching:

phii ld quyi5n vo kh6ng?

l.e 2.o3.f 4.a5.h6.p7.j 8.m 9.c 10.r 11.i Iz.k 13.b 14.d 15.q
rranstating:
1. TOi

9. D6 kh6ng phai ld cay brit

tti ldm-bing xe bu;ft.

2.}nxeoddu?
3. T6i mu6n dn ccrm.

Matching: l'k 2'g 3'd 4'l 5'b 6'j 7'r 8'p 9.m l0.o 11.a 12.c 13.f 14-e 15-h

4.Bqnmu5nu6ngcdph6kh6ng?

5.Anh6yhmvi6comQtthuvi6n.
6. Hq hgc titing Anh o mQt trudng il4i hgc.

T.Toidangxemphim.
8. B4n (c6 th6) n6i tiSng ViQt tluqc

f
kh6ng?

7.f 8.k 9.j

Matching

287

10.a 11.h t2.d

r;.

9. H9 dang ldm

gi?

tlil :[

Days: l.d2.r3.g4.c 5.e6..b

I
!

Test4 Matching:
1.h 2.n 3.j 4.a 5.f 6.p 7.k
9.

n{.

-'

C
8.e
15.

rransrating:

10.

11.

d I2.b

13.

14.

rranslating:
1.

M6y bay di5n sdn bay hic mudi mQt gid ruoi

s6ng.

2. C66y hm vi6c cho d6n t6m gio

3. Toi dn s6ng tru6c khi tli

t6i.

ild . l lf i fl I I lf i

l.H6mnayldngdymQtth6ngtu,nimhainghin16ndm. 2.Toi tli ldm hic t6m gid

s6ng mai.

3. T6i kh6ng c6 thcri gian tli choi thri biy. 4. T6i tli5n vit Nam th6ng hai.
5. TOi (da) hgc tii5ng Anh brin n6m. 6. HOm nay

li ngdy mfy?

tim.

4. Anh 6y (sc) di He NQi ngiy

mai. 5. Hdm qua t6i tinh dfy s6m.

il i
't f t t
,il

7. T6i thri tu anh 6y (sc) di choi v6i ban cria anhdy.

8. Cu6i tuAn sau tui minh rti Nha Trang.

9. Tdi tfp thc dsc mdi rhri hai, thri tu vd thri s6u.

tiec. 7. CO 6yv nna sau b6n gid mQt chrit.

6. T6i mai tui minh (sE) tli ds mQr buOi

Test 6

ehiOu. 9. Tui minh 5n tdi sau khi vA nha.

8. Tdi thucrng

tfp th6 duc bu6i

Matching vocabulary:

ril

Tesr5
Matching Months:

fi

l.c 2.a 3.h 4.1 5.j

7.b

6.i

8.g9.klO.dll.er2.f

l.g 2.e 3.i 4.1 5.b 6.c

288

289

Matching Colors:

1,.f 2.j 3.e 4.h

5.

6.c

l.i 8.d 9.9 10.k 11.a

Translating:
1.

Ao so mi mdu tring cira t6i cfr lim.

n
t] f f f f . il :f f 1 | I I I i

Translating:
1. Ban

'.

,of,;;

14

thich m6n dn ViQt Nam kh6ng?

2.Toikh6ng thich quAn 6o mdu den.

3. Tai sao b4n vO nhd s6m

z. c6 6y kh6ng 6n thit.

qu6?

:. Tdi kh6ng

dn m6n dn nu6c ngodi dugc.

den. ',5. Tpi sao hdm qua bpn khdng di ldm?

4. T6i dtin chq d6 mua mOt d6i giAy mdu 6. HOm nay cO 6y mua mQt chi6c xe hoi mdu tr6ng
7. Anh

4. T6i chua bao gio tt6n Hd NOi. s. Ban kh6t chua? 6. Toi r6t thich rau tuoi.

m6i.

city, 8. Hq tltin qu6n cd ph6 tl6 gap bpn cira hs. 9. Cu6n s6ch mdi ndy cho ban.
dy
dangtlQi mfr mdu xanh 16

7.B4nt6i

chua d6n b6n xe.

8. TOi khdng bi6t dirng ttfia.

9. CO 6y di cho d6 mua tr6i cdy,thit heo vd g4o.

Test 7

Test 8

Matching Vocabulary:

Matching Vocabulary:

1.c 2.e 3.1 4.a 5.j 6.b 7.9 8.k 9.f 10.i 1l.h 12.d

1.m 2.c 3.f 4.a 5.9 6.k 7.h 8.d 9.1 l0.n 1l.b 12.r 13.i 14.q 15.o

290

,1

Translating:
1. CO 6y c6 chdn ddi.

291

Matching Workplaces:

1.e 2.f 3.a 4.9 5.c 6.b

8.,i 9.-d

2.Bqnt6i thdp vd m6nh mai v6i t6c ddi.

3. T6i rhabffi dia sau khi dn t6i.

Translating:
tru6c khi di tbm.

4. TOi thucrng u6ng nhi6u nu6c khi bi cim.

5. Hdm nay anh 6y

' I . Ch6ng cua c6 6y ld tho .dy. ''

3. Vq bpn ldm ngh6 gi?

:. t.

eq

hm

vQ sinh nhd cira

2. N6u b4n d6i (bung) thi tui minh sd di dn com.

6. TOi chii t6c mQt ngdy ba dn.

7.B4nc4o rdu mQt tuAn mAy lAn?

8. TOi di kh6m bQnh

4. CA 6y tlinh h6n v6i ai?

5. TOi c6 ch6ng, nhtmg md chua c6 con.

vi tdi bi crim.

'P. C6 6y mua thu6c vi cO 6y dau dAu.

6. Con trai c[la anh 6y cao vd 6m.

7.Dia chi cria cdng ty cria t6i ld m6t ld ba duong L0 Lqi.

Test 9
8. TOi mri6n ldm gi6o vi6n.

9. Ong (ngopi or n6i) t6i

biy muoi s6u tu6i.

Matching Vocabulary:

4.j 5.a 6.n 7.1 8.k 9.b 10.i ll.m 12.c 13.g 14.e 15.f
1.d 2.o 3.h
Matching Vocabulary: Matching Family:
1.

Test 10

j 2.k 3.f 4. a 5.b 6.h

13.o

7.

8.d
15. i

1.h 2.f 3.j 4.a s.b

Matching Occupations:

8.e 9. d 10.g

9.1 10.e 11.g 12.n

Matching Animals:

I4

l.b 2.e 3.a 4.j

5.g

7.h 8.i 9.k 10. d

11.

1.g 2.d 3.a 4.i

e.j

10.

292

Matching Classifiers:

Titles from Paiboon Publishing

1.b 2.d 3.c 4.a

Translating:
1. TOi tr6 hcm b4n.

5.

6.9 l.i

8.k

9.j

10.e 11.h

Title:
Author: Description:

Thai for

Beginners

''

2. Hai d6i giAy ndy gi6ng nhau.

3. Cai ndo l6n hcrn, c6i ndy hay ld c6i d6? 4. O Vigt Nam troi n6ng vd ning trong th6ng ba.
5. H6m nay trdi dd mua r6i.
'q. TOi thucrng thich ch6, nhrmg md

Book Two CDs

Benjawan Poomsan Becker @1995 I Designed for either self-study or classreom use. Teaches all four language skills- speaking, listeniirg (when used in conjunction with the cassette tapes), reading and writing. Offers clear, easy, step-by-step instruttion building on whad hasrbeen t'r%viously learned. Ur"i by rn"ny Thai temples and institutes in Aftieriia and Thailand. Cassettes & CD available. Paperback. 270pages. 6" x 8.5" US$12.95 Stock # 10018

US$20.00

Stock# l001CD *******+*d.*****

Title:
Author: Description:

tdi kh6ng thich con ch6

ndy.

1. Chic xe ndy kh6c nhau vdi chi6c xe d6 nhu th6 ndo?

8. TOi chi c6 hai cu6n srich (th6i).

Book Two CDs

US$12.95 Stock # 10028 US$15.00 Stock # l002CD

Thai for Intermediate Learners Benjawan Poomsan Becker @1998 The continuation of Thai for Beginners . Users are expected to be able to read basic Thai language. There is kansliteration when new words are introduced. Teaches reading, writing and speaking at a higher level. Keeps students interested with cultural facts about Thailand. Helps expand your Thai vocabulary in a systematic way. Paperback. 220 pages. 6" x 8.5"

*,***********r<t

9. TOi mQt nh6t sau khi tflp thO ftrc.

Title:
Author: Description:

Thai for Advanced Readers Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2000

A book that helps students practice reading Thai at an advanced level. It contains reading exercises, short essays, newspaper articles, cutural and
historical facts about Thailand and miscellaneous information about the Thai language. Students need to be able to read basic Thai. Paperback. 210 pages. 6" x 8.5" US$12.95 Stock # 10038 US$15.00 Stock # 10O3CD
********,1******

eoof
Two CDs

Title:
Author: Description:

Book Two CDs

US$13.95 US$17.00

Thai for Lovers Nit & Jack Ajee @1999 An ideal book for lovers. A short cut to romantic communication in Thailand. There are useful sentences with their Thai translations throughout the book. You won't find any Thai language book more fun and user-friendly. Rated R! Paperback. 190 pages. 6" x 8.5"
Stock #: l0(XB

Stock#: l004CD

Title:
Author: Description:

Thai-English, English-Thai Dictionary for Non-Thai Speakers

Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2002 Designed to help English speakers communicate in Thai. It is equally useful for those who can read the Thai alphabet and those who can't. Most Thai-English dictionaries either use Thai script exclusively for the Thai entries (making them difficult for westerners to use) or use only phonetic transliteration (makirlg it impossible to look up a word in Thai script). This dictionary solves these problems. You will find most of the vocabulary you are likely to need in everyday life, including basic, cultural, po.litical and scientific terms. Paperback. 658 pages. 4.L" x 5.6" US$15.00 Stock # 10088
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Saksit Pakdeesiam @2001 The ultimate language guide for gay and bissxral men visiting Thailand. Lots of gay oriented language, cultpre, commentaries and other information. Instant sentences for convenient use by gay visitors. Fun and sexy. The best way to cornlnunicate with your Thai gay friends and partners! Rated R! Paierback. 22O pages. 6" x 8.5" Book US$13.95 Stock # 10078 ?4 Two Tape Set US$17.00 Stock # f OOlt" . '

Title: Author:

Thai for Gay Tourists

Description:

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Book

Title:
Author: Description:

Lao-English, English-Lao Dictionary for Non-Lao Speakers Benjawan Poomsan Becker & Khampiran Mingbuapha @2003 Designed to help English speakers communicate in Lao. This practical dictionary is useful both in Laos and in Northeast Thailand. Students can use it without having to learn the Lao alphabet. However, there is a comprehensive introduction to the Lao writing system and pronunciation. The transliteration system is the same as that used in Paiboon Publishing's other books. It contains most of the vocabulary used in everyday life, including basic, cultural, political and scientific terms. Paperback. 780pages. 4.1" x 5.6"

Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2002 Thai for Japanese speakers. Japanese version ofThaifor Beginners. Paperback. 262pages. 6" x 8.5" Book US$12.95 Stock # 10098 Three Tape Set US$20.00 Stock # 10097

Title: Author:

Tai Go No Kiso

Description:

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Title: Author: Book Two CDs Title: Author:

Thai fiir Anfiinger

Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2000 German speakers. German version of rhai for Beginners. Paperback. 245 pages. 6" x 8.5" US$13.95 Stock # 10058 US$20.00 Stock # 1005CD
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Description: Thai for

Book

US$15.00

Stock # 10108
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Title:
Author: Description:

Lao for Beginners

Buasawan Simmala and Benjawan P. Becker @2003 Designed for either self-study or classroom use. Teaches all four language skills- speaking, listening (when used in conjunction with the audio), reading and writing. Offers clear, easy, step-by-step instruction building on what hasTeen previously learned. Paperback. 292pages.6"x 8.5" ' US$12.95 Stock # l0l2B

Thailand Fever
Chris Pirazzi and Vitida Vasant @2005 guidebook which lets each of you finally express complex issues of both cultures. Thailand Fever is an astonishing, one-of-a-kind, bilingual expose of the cultural secrets that are the key to a smooth rhai-western relationship. US$15.95 Stock # l0l7B
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Description: A road map for Thai-westem relationships. The must-have relationship

Book
Three CDs

US$20.00

Book Title:

Stock# lOl2CD
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Title:
Author: Description:

Improving Your Thai Pronunciation

Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2003 Designed to help foreingers maximize their potential in pronour*cing Thai words and enhance their Thai listening and speaking skills. Shtder'fis wi{l find that they have more confidence in speaking the language a'nd calir make themselves understood better. The book and the CDs are rr*ade to be used in combination. The course is straight forward, easy to follow and compact. Paperback. 48 pages. 5" x 7.5" + One-hour CD US$15.00 Stock # 101IBCD

Thai-English, English-Thaisoftware Dictionary for palm os pDAs -With Search-by-Sound Author: Benjawan Poomsan Becker and Chris pirazzi @2003 Description: This software dictionary provides instant access to 21,000 English,
Phonetic and Thai Palm OS PDA with large, clear fonts and everyday vocabulary. If you're not familiar with the Thai alphabet, you can also look up Thai words by their sounds. Perfect for the casual traveller or the dedicated Thai leamer. Must have a palm OS pDA and access to the Internet in order to use this product.
Stock

Book & CD

Book &

CD-ROM US$39.95

# I013BCD-ROM

Title: Author:
Description:

Thai for Beginners Software

Benjawan Poomsan Becker and Dominique Mayrand @2004 Best Thai language software available in the market! Designed especially for non-romanized written Thai to help you to rapidly improve your listening and reading skills ! Over 3,000 recordings of both male and female voices. The content is similar to the book Thai for Beginners, but with interactive exercises and much more instantly useful words and phrases. Multiple easy-to-read font styles and sizes. Super-crisp enhanced text with romanized transliteration which can be turned on or

Title: Author:

Practical Thai Conversation DVD Volume

Description:

Book &

DVD

Book &

CD-ROM US$40.00
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off for all items.

Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2006 This new media for leaming Thai comei witfi i booklet and a DVD, y< will enjoy watching and listening td this program and learn the Thai language in a way you have never done before. Use it on your TV, desktop or laptop. The course is'straight forward, easy to ioliow and compact. A must-have for all Thai leqrners! DVD and Paperback, 65 pagqp 4.8" {'7.1" US$15.00 Stock # l0l86DVD

Stock# I0I6BCD-ROM
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Title: Author:
Description:

Title: Author:

Cambodian for Beginners

Richard K. Gilbert @2004 Designed for either self-study or classroom use. Teaches all four language skills- speaking, listening (when used in conjunction with the CDs), reading and writing. Offers clear, easy, step-by-step instruction building on what has been previously leamed. Paperback. 292pages.6"x 8.5" US$12.95 Stock # l0l5B US$20.00 Stock # 1015CD
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Thai Law for Foreigners RuengsakThongkaew @2006 Description: Thai law made easy for foreigners. This unique book includes information regarding imrnigration, family, property, civil and criminal law used in Thailand. very useful for both visilors and those who live in Thailand. written by an experienced rhai trial lawyer. It contains both the Thai text and full English translation.

, Book Three CDs Title: Author:

Description:

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Title: Author:

Retiring in

Thaih#

Description: A very

Gene Mesher @2006

Burmese for Beginners

Gene Mesher @2006

- languageskills- speaking, listening

Book Three CDs Title: Author:

Description:

Designed for either self-study or classroom use. Teaches all four (when used in conjunction with the CDs), reading and writing. Offers clear, easy, step-by-step instruction building on what has been previously leamed. Paperback. 320 pages. 6" i 8.5" US$12.95 Stock # l0l9B US$20.00 Stock # l020CD

useful guide for those who are interested in retiring in Thailand. It contains critical information for retirees, such as how to get a retirement visa, banking, health care, renting and buying property, weryday life issues and other important retirement factors. It aiso iists Thailand's top retirement locations. It's a must for anyone considering living the good life in the Land of Smiles.

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Title: Author: Descripion:

Living

Thai

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Vietnamese for Beginners Jake Catlett @2006 Designed for either self-study or classroom use. Teaches all four langqage skills- speaking, listening (when used in conjunction with the CDs), reading and writing. Offers clear, easy, step-by-step instruction building on what has been previously learned. Paperback. 320 pages. 6" x 8.5" US$12.95 Stock # l02OB US$20.00 Stock # l020CD

Your Guide to Contemporary Thai Expressions Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2006 This series of books and CDs is a collection of numerous words and exp-ressions used by modern Thai speakers. It will help you to understand colloquial rhai and to express yourself naturally. you will not find these phases in any textbooks. It's a language course that all rhai leamers have been waiting for. lmpress your Thai friends with the real spoken Thai. I-ots of ftrn. Good for students of all levels.

Title:
Au{tror: Description:

rhai

Phrase

Book Three CDs

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Bpcker @2006

Tbe best Thai phrase book you can find. It contains thousands of useful words ard phrases for travelers in many situations. The phrases are practical and up-to-date and can be used instantly. The CDs that aceompany the book will help you improve your pronunciation and expedite your Thai language leaming. you will be able to speak Thai in
no time!

PRIBOON PUBTISHIN6

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rsBN 1 -887521-5t,-2

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