Hasfiyah Rosman Hamzah Siti Amerah Nur Safawanie

Introduction To Linguistics

TESLR (1)

LINGUISTICS TSL 3101 PAST YEARS QUESTIONS (REVISION)

1. A) State one fact pertaining to the nature of human language. (2m) Its primarily spoken Comprises both the written and spoken forms. Used for a wide range of topics, circumstances, environments, events Language is passed on from one generation to the next (cultural transmission) A system with its own rules. Production of unique sounds All languages change through time Wherever humans exist, language exist Expressing any idea in the universe (Any acceptable answers)

B) Elaborate 2 functions of language: I) Interactional function. Interactional language is the language we use to build and maintain relationships. People use language to establish and maintain various sorts of social relationships. It can be compared to transactional language, which normally carries a message and is the language used to get things done. To maintain interaction, speakers use interactional strategies. For example, learners in a multi-lingual group chatting together before a class begins are using interactional language. Teachers can present elements of interactional language, and raise learners' awareness of interactional strategies by exposure to video and authentic conversation. Learners can learn to use paralinguistic features such as gestures, eye contact, and body language, and linguistic features used to maintain an interactional conversation including functions such as expressing interest and asking for clarification.

Hasfiyah Rosman Hamzah Siti Amerah Nur Safawanie

Introduction To Linguistics

TESLR (1)

ii) Transactional function. Transactional language is language which is used to make a transaction and which has a result. We as human being use language to send messages with content. Transactional function is a representation of a non-linguistic content into a linguistic form. It can be compared with interactional language, which is used to maintain relationships. For example, learners in exams are often required to write a transactional letter, which has a clear objective such as to asking for a refund or for information, or making a complaint. Meanwhile, in the classroom, transactional language is often taught more than interactional language, as it involves shorter turns, simpler and more predictable language, and can have a measurable result.