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Types of government
Politics and Law 2A

Types of Government
There are two broad categories:
Liberal democratic AND

Traditional/authority based (Non-democratic)

Democratic government
Two types Direct- All citizens are leaders, involved in decisions and often chosen by lot. Examples- Ancient Athens In-direct- Vote for representatives to make decisions. Examples- Australia, UK, USA

Democratic government
Free and fair elections Representative parliaments Accountable executives Open participation Just and equitable legal system

Democratic government
Leader- limited power, right to rule comes from the people as they are chosen and removed by them. People- Individuals are citizens, with human rights(ie/ legal, political and social).

Democratic government
The Law-basic principle of the rule of law, law is supreme and there is formal equality before the law. (pg469). Communication and change-open and society is dynamic.

Non-democratic government
The leader- Unlimited power, not accountable to anyone. Right to rule based on- physical power, birth or religious authority. The people- Individuals are subjects, position in society decided by birth not merit, limited human rights.

Non- democratic government

The law- Law is at the will of the leader. Different laws for the rulers, they were above the law. Communication and changeinformation controlled, and society static.

Examples
Absolute monarch- power based on hereditary right. Saudia Arabia, Monaco (most countries used this system before democracy) Aristocracy- power is held by an elite section of society. Pre-revolution France

Examples
Oligarchy-modern term for aristocracy, often generals and the wealthy, ie South America and Burma.

Examples- Dictatorships/ Autocratic

Negative connotations- allows no opposition and rule is unfair/unequal. Two types- Authoritarian-ie Zimbabwes Mugabe Totalitarian systems- want control on all aspects of life. Ie- Nazi Germany, Soviet Russia, current North Korea. Read pgs 22/ 23 together.