Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
What is GSP
Generalised System of Preferences [GSP] is a mechanism in which countries give tariff concessions to developing countries without violating MFN obligations under WTO. Within GSP there are 3 sub arrangements:
General Arrangement. Everything but Arms for LDCs. GSP + for countries fulfilling eligibility criteria.
2
26 items are under quantity based Tariff Rate Quotas. 49 items are under a 25% quantity increase cap, based on average of last 3 years exports.
3
Quota Management
Quota Management will be done entirely by the European Commission. The basic role of Pakistani Authorities relates to issuance of Certificates of Origin confirming that the exported products are of Pakistani Origin so that they can qualify for ATP concessions.
SUMMARY OF ANALYSIS
TRQs Number of items value of export in 2011 (US$ thousand) 26 817,458 Non-TRQs 49 892,360 TOTAL 75 1,709,818
1,082,318
264,860 32.40
1,164,599
272,239 30.51
2,246,917
537,099 31.41
REGULATION (EU) No 978/2012 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 25 October 2012 Applying a scheme of generalized tariff preferences and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 732/2008.
GSP Plus (Special Incentive Arrangement for Sustainable Development and Good Governance).
The additional tariff preferences provided under the special incentive arrangement for sustainable development and good governance should be granted to those developing countries which; due to a lack of diversification and insufficient integration within the international trading system, are vulnerable, in order to help them assume the special burdens and responsibilities resulting from the ratification of core international conventions on human and labour rights, environmental protection and good governance as well as from the effective implementation thereof.
9
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
1. Vulnerability;
Exports of that country should not exceed 2% of EUs global GSP imports. Seven largest sectors of products contribute more than 75% of its exports to EU. It is not a high or upper middle income country.
10
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
2. Ratification of 27 Relevant Conventions
Beneficiary country for GSP+ shall take following actions relating to the specified 27 international conventions pertaining to Human Rights, Labour Rights, Environment, Narcotics and Good Governance: Sign Ratify Implement
11
12
b) imports of specific products should not exceed 6% of total EU imports of these products.
13
9,000,000
Pakistan Export to EU
7,783,451
7,384,226
8,000,000
US$ thousand
7,000,000
6,335,872
7,003,032
6,639,870
6,000,000
5,209,145 4,781,714 4,543,742 5,206,400
5,000,000
4,270,473 4,040,919
4,319,308
4,000,000
3,440,951
3,000,000
2003
2006
2009
2004
2005
2007
2008
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Export
Projection
14
2015
2009
2010
2011
4,319,308 5,206,400 6,335,872 1,000,676 1,181,738 1,358,332 415,023 342,686 174,820 194,656 126,917 513,221 388,569 261,838 282,879 163,442 604,816 421,527 419,553 315,164 205,325
'6302
'6203 '4203 '6204 '5208 '6105 '5205 '1006
115,646
106,603 96,158 105,118 74,779 48,115 105,445 93,089
124,977
151,406 132,283 115,434 84,983 106,268 96,653 113,539
184,175
173,192 168,999 154,624 134,575 119,327 116,709 111,886
178,440
200,238 163,525 177,315 120,730 101,410 140,084 141,140
188,199
211,190 172,469 187,013 127,333 106,957 147,746 148,860
198,444
222,686 181,857 197,193 134,264 112,779 155,788 156,962
209,172
234,725 191,689 207,854 141,523 118,876 164,210 165,448
'5209 '5210
'6103 '5513 '9018 '9506 '5212 '6115 '6109
Woven cotton fabrics, 85% or more cotton,weight over 200 g/m2 Woven cotton fabrics, less than 85% cotton, mxd with manmade fibers, w
Men's suits,jackets,trousers etc&shorts, knit/croch Woven fab of syn stapl fib (< 85% of such fiber),mixed with cotton (wt Electro-medical apparatus (electro-cardiographs, infra-red ray app, sy Articles&equip for gymnastics, athletics, or sports/outdoor games nes Woven fabrics of cotton, nes Panty hose, tights, stockings & other hosiery, knitted or crocheted T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting ""incl. parchmentdressed leather"", of
65,721 66,452
49,964 43,106 41,783 48,104
71,988 82,085
55,491 54,919 56,662 55,257
93,497 91,342
77,518 69,343 68,820 64,237
91,784 97,035
76,593 74,370 64,701 70,295 1,500,693 77.40
96,804 102,342
80,782 78,438 68,240 74,139
102,073 107,913
85,179 82,707 71,954 78,175
107,592 113,747
89,784 87,179 75,844 82,401 1,759,156
'4113 '6104
'6303 Other
77.40 15 77.40
Pakistan Export to EU in 2011 was US$ 6.335 billion. In normal circumstance the export projection is; in 2013 is US$ 7.0 billion and in 2014 is US$ 7.4 billion The ATP is expected to provide additional US$ 500 million worth of exports to EU i.e. Expected total export value of US$ 7.5 billion in 2013.
The GSP plus in 2014 is expected to add a value of US$ 700 million both in 2014 and 2015 i.e. The expected total export value in 2014 and 2015, US$ 8.1 billion and US$ 8.5 billion, respectively.
16
88 73 74
356 361
LEATHER OF BOVINE (INCLUDING BUFFALO), WITHOUT HAIR ON, FURTHER PREPARED AFTER TANNING OR 41079910 CRUSTING; OTHER THAN WHOLE HIDES AND SKINS, OTHER THAN UNSPLIT FULL GRAINS AND GRAIN SPLITS
6.5
3.0
42032100
GLOVES, MITTENS AND MITS, OF LEATHER OR COMPOSITION LEATHER, SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR USE IN SPORTS GLOVES, MITTENS AND MITS, OF LEATHER OR COMPOSITION LEATHER, PROTECTIVE FOR ALL TRADES, OTHER THAN SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR USE IN SPORTS MEN'S AND BOYS' GLOVES, MITTENS AND MITTS, OF LEATHER OR COMPOSITION LEATHER, OTHER THAN SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR USE IN SPORTS, OTHER THAN PROTECTIVE FOR ALL TRADES
22,652
92,774
1,447
28,445
36
9.0
5.5
42032910
76,639
527,653
6,266
97,365
22
9.0
5.5
42032991
6,056
70,894
251
9,043
34
3.5
GLOVES, MITTENS AND MITTS, OF LEATHER OR COMPOSITION LEATHER, OTHER THAN SPECIALLY 42032999 DESIGNED FOR USE IN SPORTS, OTHER THAN PROTECTIVE FOR ALL TRADES, OTHER THAN MEN'S AND BOYS' SINGLE COTTON YARN, OF COMBED FIBRES, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52052300 MEASURING LESS THAN 232,56 DECITEX BUT NOT LESS THAN 192,31 DECITEX (EXCEEDING 43 METRIC NUMBER BUT NOT EXCEEDING 52 METRIC NUMBER), NOT PUT UP FOR RETAIL SALE SINGLE COTTON YARN, OF COMBED FIBRES, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52052400 MEASURING LESS THAN 192,31 DECITEX BUT NOT LESS THAN 125 DECITEX (EXCEEDING 52 METRIC NUMBER BUT NOT EXCEEDING 80 METRIC NUMBER), NOT PUT UP FOR RETAIL SALE 52083900 OTHER DYED WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON 52093900 55095300 OTHER DYED WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, WEIGHING MORE THAN 200 G/M2 YARN (OTHER THAN SEWING THREAD) OF POLYESTER STAPLE FIBRES , MIXED MAINLY OR SOLELY WITH COTTON, NOT PUT UP FOR RETAIL SALE
16,822
197,190
542
7,160
18,294
34
3.5
20,277
290,612
40,658
28
3.2
12,357
189,779
5,105
33,306
33
3.2
10 11 12
47 63 29
8 8 4
13
12,072
108,544
999
14,570
47
12
9.6
14
61034200
MEN'S OR BOYS' TROUSERS, BIB AND BRACE OVERALLS, BREECHES AND SHORTS (OTHER THAN SWIMWEAR), OF COTTON, KNITTED OR CROCHETED
29,035
644,979
2,275
29,287
41
China (20), Bangladesh (10), Turkey (10), India (5) and Pakistan (4)
12
9.6
17 CONTINUE ..
14,083 1,002,216
9,376 3,927,866
9,019 2,724,495
19,678
11,007
48
31
19
61159500
61,687 2,343,018
9,052
88,540
43
12
9.6
20 21 22
47 40 36
12 12 12
176,222 1,783,110
23
63029100
41,048
341,281
9,997
59,996
28
12
9.6
24
64039993
4,369 1,626,459
242
3,593
58
4.5
25
64039996
17,478 3,695,604
1,453
20,093
62
4.5
26
64039998
19,030 3,802,384
691 15,843
62
3.5
SUB TOTAL
817,458
1,082,318
Column Estimated Exports 2013 is estimated on the basis of full utilization of quota in 2013 at unit price in 2011.
18
ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTS WHICH IS ARE UNDER 25% QUANTITY CAP VALUE IN US$ THOUSAND AND QUNTITY IN TONNES
S.No. CN Code Description EU IMPORTS FROM Pakistan 1 DRIED MUSHROOMS AND TRUFFLES, WHOLE, CUT, SLICED, BROKEN OR IN POWDER, BUT NOT FURTHER 7123900 PREPARED (OTHER THAN MUSHROOMS OF THE GENUS "AGARICUS", WOOD EARS (AURICULARIA SPP) AND JELLY FUNGI (TREMELLA SPP) SINGLE COTTON YARN, OF UNCOMBED FIBRES, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52051200 MEASURING LESS THAN 714,29 DECITEX BUT NOT LESS THAN 232,56 DECITEX (EXCEEDING 14 METRIC NUMBER BUT NOT EXCEEDING 43 METRIC NUMBER), NOT PUT UP FOR RETAIL SALE SINGLE COTTON YARN, OF COMBED FIBRES, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52052200 MEASURING LESS THAN 714,29 DECITEX BUT NOT LESS THAN 232,56 DECITEX (EXCEEDING 14 METRIC NUMBER BUT NOT EXCEEDING 43 METRIC NUMBER), NOT PUT UP FOR RETAIL SALE MULTIPLE "FOLDED" OR CABLED COTTON YARN, OF UNCOMBED FIBRES, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, MEASURING PER SINGLE YARN LESS THAN 714,29 DECITEX BUT NOT LESS THAN 52053200 232,56 DECITEX (EXCEEDING 14 METRIC NUMBER BUT NOT EXCEEDING 43 METRIC NUMBER PER SINGLE YARN), NOT PUT UP FOR RETAIL SALE MULTIPLE "FOLDED" OR CABLED COTTON YARN, OF COMBED FIBRES, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, MEASURING PER SINGLE YARN LESS THAN 714,29 DECITEX BUT NOT LESS THAN 52054200 232,56 DECITEX (EXCEEDING 14 METRIC NUMBER BUT NOT EXCEEDING 43 METRIC NUMBER PER SINGLE YARN), NOT PUT UP FOR RETAIL SALE UNBLEACHED PLAIN WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52081190 WEIGHING NOT MORE THAN 100 G/M2, OTHER THAN FABRICS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS AND MEDICAL GAUZES UNBLEACHED PLAIN WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52081216 WEIGHING MORE THAN 100 G/M2 BUT NOT MORE THAN 130 G/M2, OF A WIDTH NOT EXCEEDING 165 CM 52081219 UNBLEACHED PLAIN WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, WEIGHING MORE THAN 100 G/M2 BUT NOT MORE THAN 130 G/M2, OF A WIDTH EXCEEDING 165 CM UNBLEACHED WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, IN 352081300 THREAD OR 4-THREAD TWILL, INCLUDING CROSS TWILL world QTY IMP. FROM PAKISTAN 2011 25% cap ESTIMATES EXPORT 2013 Change in Cap over Qty of 2011 Tariff MFN GSP
6,593
133,141
51
59
7,658
16.14
12.8
9.3
23,942
305,598
5,199
6,727
30,978
29.39
3.2
36,263
257,444
6,378
8,315
47,279
30.38
3.2
29,252
121,387
5,888
7,231
35,924
22.81
3.2
7,143
44,192
1,197
1,638
9,778
36.88
3.2
16,914
147,583
2,438
2,961
20,547
21.48
6.4
8,519
75,581
1,283
1,673
11,108
30.39
6.4
8 8 8
9 10 11
12 13 14 15
52081900
OTHER UNBLEACHED WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON BLEACHED PLAIN WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52082190 WEIGHING NOT MORE THAN 100 G/M2, OTHER THAN FABRICS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS AND MEDICAL GAUZES BLEACHED PLAIN WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52082219 WEIGHING MORE THAN 100 G/M2 BUT NOT MORE THAN 130 G/M2, OF A WIDTH EXCEEDING 165 CM BLEACHED PLAIN WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52082296 WEIGHING MORE THAN 130 G/M2, OF A WIDTH NOT EXCEEDING 165 CM 52082900 OTHER BLEACHED WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON PRINTED PLAIN WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52085100 WEIGHING NOT MORE THAN 100 G/M2
8,246 12,621
50,605 31,487
1,092 1,537
1,532 2,086
11,575 17,123
40.36 35.67
8 8
6.4 6.4
10,202
15,011 5,875
42,361
106,753 96,161
1,683
1,839 1,130
2,118
2,107 1,388
12,839
17,200 7,215
25.85
14.59 22.82
8
8
6.4
6.4 6.4
198
S.No.
CN Code
Description
EU IMPORTS FROM Pakistan world 253,064 97,339 82,272 111,958 99,839 80,633 70,157 197,866
QTY IMP. FROM PAKISTAN 2011 3,169 684 4,767 8,717 6,252 1,041 599 1,169 25% cap 4,554 1,434 5,700 9,780 7,464 1,455 1,307 1,508
CONTINOUS FROM PREVIOUS SLIDE Change in ESTIMATES Tariff Cap over EXPORT 2013 Qty of 2011 MFN 33,871 10,390 31,485 60,531 49,379 11,367 10,313 11,309 43.68 109.78 19.58 12.19 19.39 39.77 118.22 28.93 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 GSP 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4
16
17
18 19
PRINTED PLAIN WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, WEIGHING MORE THAN 200 G/M2 52085990 OTHER PRINTED WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON UNBLEACHED PLAIN WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52091100 WEIGHING MORE THAN 200 G/M2 UNBLEACHED WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52091200 WEIGHING MORE THAN 200 G/M2, IN 3-THREAD OR 4-THREAD TWILL, INCLUDING CROSS TWILL 52085200
20
21 22 23 24
52091900 OTHER UNBLEACHED WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON BLEACHED WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52092200 WEIGHING MORE THAN 200 G/M2, IN 3-THREAD OR 4-THREAD TWILL, INCLUDING CROSS TWILL
52092900 OTHER BLEACHED WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON DYED WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING 85% OR MORE BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, WEIGHING 52093200 MORE THAN 200 G/M2, IN 3-THREAD OR 4-THREAD TWILL, INCLUDING CROSS TWILL UNBLEACHED WOVEN FABRICS OF COTTON, CONTAINING LESS THAN 85% BY WEIGHT OF COTTON, 52111200 MIXED PRINCIPALLY OR SOLELY WITH MAN-MADE FIBRES, WEIGHING MORE THAN 200 G/M2, IN 3THREAD OR 4-THREAD TWILL, INCLUDING CROSS TWILL WOVEN FABRICS OF YARN CONTAINING LESS THAN 85% BY WEIGHT OF SYNTHETIC FILAMENTS, INCLUDING WOVEN FABRICS OBTAINED FROM SYNTHETIC MONOFILAMENT OF 67 DECITEX OR MORE 54078100 AND OF WHICH NO CROSS-SECTIONAL DIMENSION EXCEEDS 1 MM, MIXED MAINLY OR SOLELY WITH COTTON, UNBLEACHED OR BLEACHED WOVEN FABRICS OF YARN CONTAINING LESS THAN 85% BY WEIGHT OF SYNTHETIC FILAMENTS, INCLUDING WOVEN FABRICS OBTAINED FROM SYNTHETIC MONOFILAMENT OF 67 DECITEX OR MORE 54078200 AND OF WHICH NO CROSS-SECTIONAL DIMENSION EXCEEDS 1 MM, MIXED MAINLY OR SOLELY WITH COTTON, DYED WOVEN FABRICS OF POLYESTER STAPLE FIBRES, CONTAINING LESS THAN 85% BY WEIGHT OF SUCH 55131120 FIBRES, MIXED MAINLY OR SOLELY WITH COTTON, OF A WEIGHT NOT EXCEEDING 170 G/M 2, PLAIN WEAVE, UNBLEACHED OR BLEACHED, OF A WIDTH OF 165 CM OR LESS WOVEN FABRICS OF POLYESTER STAPLE FIBRES, CONTAINING LESS THAN 85% BY WEIGHT OF SUCH 55132100 FIBRES, MIXED MAINLY OR SOLELY WITH COTTON, OF A WEIGHT NOT EXCEEDING 170 G/M2, PLAIN WEAVE, DYED WOVEN FABRICS OF POLYESTER STAPLE FIBRES, CONTAINING LESS THAN 85% BY WEIGHT OF SUCH 55134100 FIBRES, MIXED MAINLY OR SOLELY WITH COTTON, OF A WEIGHT NOT EXCEEDING 170 G/M 2, PRINTED MEN'S OR BOYS' ANORAKS (INCLUDING SKI JACKETS), WINDCHEATERS, WIND-JACKETS AND SIMILAR 61012090 ARTICLES, OF COTTON, KNITTED OR CROCHETED 61121200 TRACK-SUITS OF SYNTHETIC FIBRES, KNITTED OR CROCHETED 61161020 GLOVES IMPREGNATED, COATED OR COVERED WITH RUBBER, KNITTED OR CROCHETED MITTENS AND MITTS, IMPREGNATED, COATED OR COVERED WITH PLASTICS OR RUBBER, KNITTED OR 61161080 CROCHETED, AND GLOVES, IMPREGNATED, COATED OR COVERED WITH PLASTICS, KNITTED OR CROCHETED 61169200 GLOVES, MITTENS AND MITTS, OF COTTON, KNITTED OR CROCHETED 61169300 GLOVES, MITTENS AND MITTS, OF SYNTHETIC FIBRES, KNITTED OR CROCHETED
20,053
35,534
4,198
3,904
18,648
-7.01
6.4
25
13,105
33,820
2,596
3,658
18,468
40.93
6.4
26
5,628
88,501
1,087
1,598
8,273
46.98
6.4
27
13,316
73,133
2,517
3,242
17,150
28.79
6.4
28
8 8 12 12 8
29 30 31 32 33 34 35
S.No.
CN Code
Description
EU IMPORTS FROM
Pakistan world
QTY IMP. FROM PAKISTAN 2011 399 419 732 621 2,286 1,185 25% cap 467 485 984 738 3,916 1,954
Change in Cap over Qty of 2011 17.09 15.78 34.51 18.80 71.36 64.97
36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49
MEN'S OR BOYS' ANORAKS, WINDCHEATERS, WIND-JACKETS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES, OF MANMADE FIBRES MEN'S OR BOYS' TROUSERS AND BREECHES OF SYNTHETIC FIBRES (OTHER THAN INDUSTRIAL 62034319 AND OCCUPATIONAL) 62019300 62042280 WOMEN'S OR GIRLS' ENSEMBLES, OF COTTON (OTHER THAN INDUSTRIAL AND OCCUPATIONAL) 62046290 WOMEN'S OR GIRLS' COTTON SHORTS MEN'S OR BOYS' SINGLETS AND OTHER VESTS, BATHROBES, DRESSING GOWNS AND SIMILAR 62079100 ARTICLES, OF COTTON WOMEN'S OR GIRLS' SINGLETS AND OTHER VESTS, BRIEFS, PANTIES, NEGLIGES, BATHROBES, 62089100 DRESSING GOWNS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES, OF COTTON WOMEN'S OR GIRLS' APRONS, OVERALLS, SMOCK-OVERALLS AND OTHER INDUSTRIAL AND 62114310 OCCUPATIONAL CLOTHING, OF MAN-MADE FIBRES 62160000 GLOVES, MITTENS AND MITTS CURTAINS (INCLUDING DRAPES) AND INTERIOR BLINDS, CURTAIN OR BED VALANCES, OF 63039100 COTTON, NOT KNITTED OR CROCHETED CURTAINS (INCLUDING DRAPES) AND INTERIOR BLINDS, CURTAIN OR BED VALANCES, OF 63039290 SYNTHETIC FIBRES, NOT NONWOVENS, NOT KNITTED OR CROCHETED CURTAINS (INCLUDING DRAPES) AND INTERIOR BLINDS, CURTAIN OR BED VALANCES, NOT OF 63039990 COTTON OR SYNTHETIC FIBRES, NOT NONWOVENS, NOT KNITTED OR CROCHETED 63049200 OTHER FURNISHING ARTICLES, OF COTTON, NOT KNITTED OR CROCHETED FLOORCLOTHS, DISHCLOTHS, DUSTERS AND SIMILAR CLEANING CLOTHS, NOT KNITTED OR 63071090 CROCHETED, NOT NONWOVENS OTHER MADE-UP TEXTILE ARTICLES, INCLUDING DRESS PATTERNS, NOT KNITTED OR 63079099 CROCHETED, NOT OF FELT
8,999 2,883,539 7,944 1,072,446 8,379 13,285 17,094 9,963 61,173 704,543 103,512 232,053
5,866
14,372 38,578
213,650
447,307 386,487
542
923 4,649 3,028 1,017 1,355 4,002
714
1,074 6,445 4,592 1,889 1,977 4,991
7,735
16,720 53,482 36,163 12,790 14,918 22,378
31.86
16.34 38.63 51.69 85.81 45.85 24.72
12
7.6 12 12 12 12 7.7
9.6
6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 6.1
29,853 2,702,541
4,449
6,796
45,599
52.75
6.3
892,360
1,164,599
Column Estimated exports 2013 is calculated on the basis of 25% increase in quantity export in 2013 over average quantity export during 2009, 2010 and 2011
21
22