SS8H3

Analyze the role of Georgia in the American Revolution.

EQ
Explain the immediate and long-term causes of the American Revolution and their impact on Georgia.
How did the following affect Georgia or the Colonies?
-French & Indian War (Seven Years War) -Proclamation of 1763 -Stamp Act -Intolerable Acts -Declaration of Independence

EQ
Analyze the significance of people and events in Georgia during the Revolutionary War.
Loyalists & Patriots Elijah Clarke Austin Dabney Nancy Hart Button Gwinnett Lyman Hall Battle of Kettle Creek Siege of Savannah

FRENCH & INDIAN WAR 1754-1763

CAUSE
EFFECT (CHANGE)

ENGLAND AND FRANCE WANTED TO CONTROL THE SAME LAND THAT WAS WEST OF THE APPALACHIAN MTNs AND EAST OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER FRANCE HAD INDIAN ALLIES THAT THEY TRADED WITH

ENGLISH WON THE WAR COLONIES EXPANDED THEIR BOUNDARIES WESTWARD (GEORGIA BOUNDARY BECAME THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER ENGLAND ACQUIRED FLORIDA FROM SPAIN

ENGLAND HAS COLONISTS WHO WANTED TO SETTLE THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY

CONFLICT BRITISH GOVT BEGAN

and CHANGE

TAXING THE COLONISTS TO HELP PAY FOR THE WAR THIS BECAME THE 1ST CAUSE OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

French & Indian War

Also known as the Seven Years War.
Great Britain and France were the two most powerful nations with colonies east of the Mississippi River. Britain and France hated each other and had a long history of fighting. British colonists were expanding westward and this caused them to have more contact with the French and their Native American allies.

French & Indian War

1754-tensions rose and the French & Indian War erupted.
British troops fought against the French & their Native American allies.

After years of fighting, France finally surrendered and gave up all lands in Canada and east of the Mississippi River.
Britain also gained Spanish territory in Florida. Result: BRITAIN stood alone as the one COLONIAL POWER in eastern N. America.

Effects of the war on Georgia

No official fighting took place in Georgia.
The war actually benefited GA.
Territory grew, Mississippi R. became Gas western border. Now that Britain owned FL, Georgia was more secure. (No more Spanish threat from the south.)

French & Indian War

Tensions after French & Indian War

After the F & I war the colonies and Britain didnt get along well.
Colonists didnt like Britains control because for a long time they had governed themselves. (distance across the Atl. O.) Britain wanted more control after they defeated France and the colonists resented it.

Proclamation of 1763
Issued by King George III
Stated that colonists could NOT move into territories previously occupied by the French.
Britain felt this would keep peace with Native Americans Colonists resented it because it placed limits on freedoms

Created 4 new colonies & expanded Georgias boundaries

Quebec (in Canada), Granada (in Caribbean), East Florida, & West Florida

King george III

Stamp Act
The French and Indian War left Britain in terrible debt and they needed money.
King George III decided to tax the colonists, but the colonies had NO representatives in British Parliament. Several Acts or Laws were passed by British Parliament to tax the colonies. The STAMP ACT was one that angered them the most.
Taxed all legal documents, permits, contracts, newspapers, and playing cards. This created a hardship on business owners.

Stamp Act
The stamps were very expensive and could only be paid in silver or gold.
Many colonists ignored the Stamp Act & threatened tax collectors making many of them afraid to enforce the law. Colonists protested by boycotting British goods. Stamp Act ended in March of 1766. No taxation without representation!

This cartoon depicts the repeal of the Stamp Act as a funeral, with Grenville carrying a child's coffin marked "born 1765, died 1766". - wikipedia.com

Stamp Act

Taxes and tea parties

The British continued taxing goods for the colonists. (glass, paint, oil, lead, paper, and TEA)
Colonists feared theyd lose the business of the India Trade company when cheap British tea flooded the markets. Colonists forced British ships carrying tea to turn back from NY & Philadelphia. In SC, they let the tea sit on ships until it rotted. Boston Tea Party-1773- colonists dressed as Native Americans boarded the tea ships and dumped 90,000 lbs in the water.

Boston Tea Party

Intolerable Acts
INTOLERABLE because they were meant to punish the colonists.
Four Acts or Laws
1-Closed Boston Harbor as punishment for Tea Party 2-cancelled Massachusetts charter 3-allowed British officials who had been charged with offenses in the colonies to be tried in England. 4-allowed British troops to live in colonists homes

Georgia and the revolution

Georgia didnt get directly involved in the American Revolution because they were a new royal colony and still had strong ties with Britain.
Georgias colonists who supported the crown were called LOYALISTS (or Tories), those who supported the revolution were called PATRIOTS.

Declaration of independence
July 4, 1776-the Second Continental Congress approved the Declaration of Independence which announced the separation of the 13 colonies from Britain. Signed by representatives from 13 colonies. From Georgia:
Lyman Hall Button Gwinnett George Walton (youngest signer @ age 26)

Button Gwinnett
Born: England, about 1735 Died: Savannah, May 19, 1777 Signed Declaration of Independence, governor

Lyman Hall Born: Wallingford, Connecticut, April 12,1724 Burke County, Ga. October 19, 1790 Signed the Declaration of Independence, governor, physician

George Walton

Born: Farmville, Virginia, about 1749 Died: February 2, 1804, Augusta, Georgia Signed the Declaration of Independence, U.S. Senator, governor

Button Gwinnett, George Walton, and Lyman Hall were the three Georgia signers of the Declaration of Independence.

independence
Patriots rejoiced and fired cannons in celebration, they even held a mock funeral for King George III.

Dec. of Ind.
Made up of 3 parts
Preamble (how colonists felt about democracy) Body (grievances against the King) Conclusion (declared ind. for all future times)

http://www.yourememberthat.com/media/2377/Barney _Fife_Recites_the_Preamble/

Elijah Clarke & the battle of Kettle Creek

Clarke lead a force of Patriot militia to win a key battle @ Kettle Creek. 700+ Loyalists or Tories were defeated and therefore couldnt round up support in Georgia. The victory allowed the Georgians to seize needed weapons and supplies. Clarke is an instant hero.

Elijah Clarke

Austin Dabney
Hero @ Kettle Creek
Slave who fought in the war in place of his white master. Gave his horse to E. Clarke when his was shot during battle. He was granted freedom after the war & given a plot of land as payment.

Austin Dabney

Nancy Hart
Frontier woman who cared for her family while her husband was off to war. 6ft tall, face scared from chicken pox, and she was reportedly cross-eyed. (Bless her!)
Spy and faithful patriot.

Nancy Hart

Siege of Savannah
1779-Patriots led by Benjamin Lincoln tried to take back Savannah from the British. The French navy helped the American Patriots.

The end