Scribal errors in the Qur'an The columns marked with (1) show the words as they appear in the

present Qur'an. Columns marked with (2) show how they should be and how they are indeed corrected in the
Arabic literature. (2) (1) (2) (1)

Details regarding some of the above scribal errors are discussed at the following locations:
Regarding line 11 in the left column Q21:88, see page 141, section 3 (a). Regarding line 15 in the left column Q27:21, see page 96f, second last paragraph. Regarding line 17 in the left column Q5:29, see page 18f and page 133, section (d). Regarding line 19 in the left column Q51:47, see the middle of page 19 and the last half of page 125.

Clearly, these are recognized and admitted as Scribal Errors by Ibn Khaldun (classical scholar), and as problems by Hamidullah (modern scholar).
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