Tartalomjegyzk TARTALOMJEGYZK .................................................................. .................. 1 1. LECKE........................................................................ ................................................. 5 1. LECKE -ELS RSZ ................................................................ ................................... 5 1. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ..............................................................

....................... 13 2. LECKE........................................................................ ............................................... 19 2. LECKE ELS RSZ.................................................................. .................................... 19 2. LECKE MSODIK RSZ .............................................................. ................................ 28 3. LECKE ....................................................................... .................................................. 31 3. LECKE ELS RSZ.................................................................. .................................... 31 3. LECKE MSODIK RSZ .............................................................. ....................... 39 A BRTOKOS NVMSOK .................................................................. ...................................... 43 4. LECKE........................................................................ ............................................... 46 4. LECKE ELS RSZ.................................................................. ............................. 46 4. LECKE MSODIK RSZ .............................................................. ....................... 55 5. LECKE........................................................................ ............................................... 58

5. LECKE ELS RSZ.................................................................. ............................. 58 5. LECKE MSODIK RSZ .............................................................. ....................... 69 6. LECKE........................................................................ ............................................... 76 6. LECKE ELS RSZ.................................................................. ............................. 76 6. LECKE MSODIK RSZ .............................................................. ....................... 85 7. LECKE ....................................................................... .................................................. 88 7. LECKE ELS RSZ.................................................................. ............................. 88 7. LECKE MSODIK RSZ .............................................................. ..................... 100 8. LECKE........................................................................ ............................................. 106 8. LECKE ELS RSZ.................................................................. ........................... 106 8. LECKE MSODIK RSZ .............................................................. ..................... 116 9. LECKE........................................................................ ............................................. 119 9. LECKE ELS RSZ.................................................................. ........................... 119 - 1 -

9. LECKE MSODIK RSZ .............................................................. ..................... 129 10. LECKE ...................................................................... ............................................. 136 10. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 136 10. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 143 11. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 145 11. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 145 11. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 153 12. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 160 12. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 160 12. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 167 13. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 170 13. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 170 13. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 179 14. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 186 14. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 186

14. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 195 15. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 198 15. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 198 15. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 207 16. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 215 16. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 215 16. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 224 17. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 227 17. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 227 17. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 234 18. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 243 18. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 243 18. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 253 19. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 256 19. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 256

- 2 -

19 LECKE MSODIK RSZ............................................................... ................... 265 20. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 273 20. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 273 20 LECKE MSODIK RSZ............................................................... ................... 281 21. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 284 21: LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 284 21. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 292 22. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 300 22. LECKE ELS RSZ ................................................................ ................................. 300 22. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 308 23. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 311 23. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 311 23. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 319 24. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 326 24. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 326 24. LECKE MSODIK RSZ .............................................................

................... 335 25. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 337 25. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 337 25. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 344 26. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 351 26. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 351 26. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 359 27. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 361 27. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 361 27. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 369 28. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 376 28. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 376 28. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 384 29. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 386 29. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 386 - 3 -

29. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 394 30. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 401 30. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 401 30. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 409 31. LECKE....................................................................... ........................................... 411 31. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 411 31. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 418 32 LECKE........................................................................ ............................................ 426 32. LECKE ELS RSZ................................................................. ......................... 426 32. LECKE MSODIK RSZ ............................................................. ................... 434 - 4 -

1. Lecke 1. Lecke -els rsz Figyelmesen olvasd el: shopping sopin(g) vsrls, bevsrls Az n(g) hangkapcsolat megfelel a magyar hangcsoportnak, de a g csak alig hallatszi k. A magyar nyelvben mindig az els sztag a hangslyos, az angolban ez vltoz. Kiejtsi trsban a vastagon szedett rsz jelli a hangslyos sztagot. shop sop bolt, zelt Az o a magyar a s o street sztrt utca kztti hang, amit rviden ejtnk.

Az angol r eltr a magyar r nem pergetjk .

hangtl. Kiejtskor nyelvnket a szjpadlsunkhoz kzeltjk s

Az a magyar hangnl kiss nyiltabb. Railway rjlovj vast A ov hang kiejtsnl az ajkakat gy kerektjk, mintha egy o -t prblnnk kimondani, de helyette v -t mondunk. Az o -t egyltaln nem ejtrjk, de az ajkak s a fogak ne rjenek ssze! church csrcs templom Az -t hosszan ejtjk ki, keskeny ajaknylssal, szlesre hzott szjjal. A felemelt hallhat hangot jell. Tower taur torony r egy

Az au olyan ketts magnhangz, amelynek kiejtse rvid -val indul s az u fel halad. Az hangslytalan, rviden ejtett hang. A sz vgn nem ejtjk ki az r hangot, ha utna nem ll msik sz. Door dr ajt Az a magyar hossz -hoz hasonl hang. j szavak shopping sopin(g) bevsrls, vsrls shop sop bolt - 5 -

street sztrt utca railway rjlovj vast train trjn vonat station sztjsn lloms church csrcs templom tower taur torony house hausz hz door dr ajt Mond ki hangosan a kvetkez kifejezseket: church tower csrcs taur railway station rjlovj sztjsn shopping street sopin(g) sztrt street door sztrt dr Gyakorold az j szavakat: shopping sopin(g) bevsrls, vsrls shop sop bolt street sztrt utca railway rjlovj vast train trjn vonat station sztjsn lloms church csrcs templom tower taur torony house hausz hz door dr ajt Az angol mondatban egy dolog vagy fogalom neve (a fnv) eltt nvel ll. Az a hatrozatlan nvel ll azon dolgok vagy fogalmak neve eltt, melyekrl csak ltalban beszlnk, jelentse: egy, de sokszor nem is fordtjuk magyarra. Ha egy konkrt dologrl van sz, akkor a the hatrozott nvel ll a sz eltt, jelentse: a, az A the hatrozott nvelt Dz nek ejtjk. Ez a Dz hang a magyar nyelvben nem tallhat meg.

Kiejtskor a nyelv hegyt a kt fogsor kz helyezzk s visszahzzuk, mikzben egy selyptett d - 6 szer hangot mondunk. Ez a hang zngs.

Nvelk: a hatrozatlan the Dz hatrozott Szavak nvelvel: a shop sop the shop Dz sop a street sztrt the street Dz sztrt a train trjn the train Dz trjn a station sztjsn the station Dz sztjsn a chruch csrcs the church Dz csrcs a tower taur the tower Dz taur a house hausz the house Dz hausz a door dr the door Dz dr Ms sorrendben: the door Dz dr a station sztjsn a house hausz the church Dz csrcs the station Dz sztjsn a train trjn a tower taur a shop sop the train Dz trjn the house Dz hausz the shop Dz sop the street Dz sztrt a street sztrt the tower Dz taur a chruch csrcs a door dr Ismt ms sorrendben: the house Dz hausz a hz a station sztjsn egy lloms a door dr egy ajt the tower Dz taur a torny the shop Dz sop a bolt a train trjn egy vonat a church csrcs egy templom the street Dz sztrt az utca - 7 -

a house hausz egy hz the train Dz trjn a vonat a shop sop egy bolt the station Dz sztjsn az lloms a tower taur egy torony the church Dz csrcs a templom a door dr egy ajt a street sztrt egy utca Fordtsd magyarrl angolra: egy hz a house az ajt the door egy bolt a sop az lloms the station egy templom a church a hz the house egy utca a street a torony the tower egy ajt a door a bolt the shop egy vonat a train a templom the church egy torony a tower az utca the street egy lloms a station a vonat the train a templomtorony the church tower az utcai ajt the street door a bevsrl utca the shopping street a vastlloms the railway station - 8 -

Az ige olyan sz, ami cselekvst, trtnst fejez ki, pl. megltogatni, kinyitni, bemenni. H a az

angol igk eltt nem ll szemlyes nvms (pl. te, mi stb.) akkor a to tu szcska llhat elt amely, hasonlan a magyar igk utn lv j igk: to to to to to to to to see tu sz ltni visit tu vizit megltogatni, elltogatni valahov open tu oupn nyitni, kinyitni enter tu entr belpni, bemenni, bejnni visit tu vizit megltogatni, elltogatni valahov open tu oupn nyitni, kinyitni see tu sz ltni enter tu entr belpni, bemenni, bejnni ni vgzdshez, a fnvi igenv jele.

A kvetkez gyakorlatban sszeillesztjk az igket s a fneveket: to see the train tu sz Dz trjn ltni a vonatot tu visit the station tu vizit Dz sztjsn elltogatni az llomsra (elmenni az llomsra) to enter the house tu entr Dz hausz belpni a hzba to opne the door tu oupn Dz dr kinyitni az ajtt to enter a shop tu entr a sop belpni egy boltba to see the street tu sz Dz sztrt ltni az utct to open the door tu oupn Dz dr kinyitni az ajtt to visit a tower tu vizit taur elltogatni egy toronyba (elmenni egy toronyba) Fordtsd magyarrl angolra: bemenni egy templomba to enter a church kinyitni az ajtt to open the door ltni a tornyot to see the tower elmenni a boltba to visit the shop (elltogatni a boltba) bemenni az llomsra to enter the station - 9 -

ltni egy hzat to see a house ltni az utct to see the street Ha egy ige nem nmagban ll, akkor szemlyes nvmsok elzhetik meg, mint pl. n te, mi, k, stb. Szemlyes nvmsok: I youwe youtheyj j ov j Dzj n te, n mi ti, nk k j szavak: often always every day every morning seldom oftn, ofn lovjzevri dj evri mrnin(g) szeldm gyakran mindig minden nap minden reggel ritkn Ismteld gyakran mindigminden nap minden reggel ritknoften always every day every morning seldom Az often, always, seldom szavak mindig az ige s a szemlyes nvms kz kerlnek, mg kifejezsek a mondat elejn vagy vgn llnak.

az every day, every morning Nhny egyszer mondat:

I often enter the church. (n) gyakran bemegyek a templomba. - 10 -

They seldom visit the tower. (k) ritkn mennek el (ltogatnak el) a toronyba. We always see the train. (Mi) mindig ltjuk a vonatot. You open the door every day. (Te) minden nap kinyitod az ajtt. A magyar nyelvben tbbnyire elhagyjuk az ige ell a szemlyes nvmst, ami nem vltoztat a jelentsen, pl. n ltom = ltom. Az angolban viszont legalbb egy szemlyes nvmssal ktelez jellni, hogy ki vgzi a cselekvst, pl. I see. Gyakorold az j szavakat (n) ltom I see j sz (te) kinyitod you open j oupn (mi) belpnk we enter ov entr (k) megltogatjk they visit Dzj vizit (mi) megltogatjuk we visit ov vizit (k) bemennek they enter Dzj entr (n) kinyitom I open j oupn (te) ltod you see j sz Az I szt mindig nagybetvel kell rni.

Fordtsd magyarrl angolra: (Mi) (n) (Te) (k) mindig ltjuk a tornyot. We always see the tower. belpek a boltba minden nap. I enter the shop every day. ltod az llomst minden reggel. You see the station every morning. ritkn mennek el (ltogatnak el) They seldom visit the church.

a templomba. (n) mindig kinyitom az ajtt. I always open the door. (Ti) gyakran bementek a hzba. You often enter the house. (k) ltjk az utct minden nap. They see the street every day. Az s ktsz angolul nylt e hang. - 11 and end. Az e vel jellt magnhangz nagy szjnylssal ejtett,

Hosszabb mondatok: We often enter the railway (Mi) gyakran bemegynk az llomsra s station and I see the train. (n) ltom a vonatot. You always open the door (Te) mindig kinyitod az ajtt s n belpek and I enter the house. a hzba. - 12 -

1. Lecke Msodik rsz entrance entrnsz bejrat A hangslytalan sztagban lv hangnak ejtjk. car kr aut, kocsi

t tbbnyire egy vel jellt rvid

e s

kztti

A szvgn ll r hangot csak akkor ejtjk ki, ha a sz utn egy mgh sz is ll, egybknt elnyeljk. bus bsz busz Kiejtskor a lert u gyakran egy rviden ejtett magyar

val kezdd msik

nak hangzik.

woman ovumn n, asszony Figyeld az els hangslyos sztagot. side-walk szjdovk jrda Ez egy amerikai sz. A hangsly az els sztagon van, ezrt a szvgi e Ugyangy az l is nma, viszont az building bildin(g) plet o t hosszabban ejtjk. t nem ejtjk. A megelz n hang t nem ejtjk.

A hangsly az els sztagon van. A szvgi g hosszabb s lgyabb ejts.

The apartment Dzi prtmnt a laks, a lakosztly Ez is amerikai sz. A hangsly a msodik sztagon van. Ha a kiejtsben a fnv mgh val kezddik, mint pl. az prtmnt, akkor az eltte ll the nvelt Dzi nek ejtjk. Az a hatrozatlan nvel helyett pedig an n ll a kiejts

knnytsre. BoyKiejts gyakorlat: the entrance the car boj fi Dzi entrnsz Dz kr - 13 -

the bus Dz bsz the woman Dz ovumn a side-walk szjdovk a building bildin(g) an apartment n prtmnt a boy boj Fordtsi gyakorlat: entrance entrnsz bejrat car kr aut bus bsz busz woman ovumn n side-walk szjdovk jrda building bildin(g) plet apartment prtmnt laks boy boj fi Gyakorlat I see a car Ltok egy autt. You often enter the building. Gyakran bemsz az pletbe. They always visit the woman. Mindig megltogatjk a nt. I seldom see the bus. Ritkn ltom a buszt. We see the boy every day. Ltjuk a fit minden nap. You enter the apartment every morning. Belpsz a laksba minden reggel. I see the side-walk. Ltom a jrdt. They see the entrance. Ltjk a bejratot. j igk: to to to to to walk tu ovk stlni go tu gou menni have tu hev birtokolni look tu luk nzni drive tu drjv vezetni

- 14 -

to go to to look at tu gou tu tu luk et menni valahov megnzni v.mit, nzni v.mire Az angolba a to szcskt akkor hasznljuk, ha: 1. fnvi igenevet elz meg 2. a valahov, valamilyen irnyba trtn mozgs jellsre (-ba, -be, -hoz, -hez, -hz) Gyakorlat I often drive a car. We always go to the house. They have an apartment You seldom look at the side-walk I have a car. We look at the building every day. jabb szemlyes nvmsok: he h she s Gyakran vezetek autt. Mindig a hzhoz megynk. Van laksuk. (Birtokolnak egy lakst.) Ritkn nzel a jrdra. Van kocsim. (Birtokolok egy kocsit.) Az pletet minden nap megnzzk. (hmnem) (nnem) Ha jelen idej mondatban a he, she szemlyes nvms vagy az ezeket helyettest fnv utn ige ll, akkor az ige egy s vgzdst kap. he drives h drjvz she walks s ovksz Gyakorlat The woman often drives a car. She looks at the building every morning. He sees the car. (hmnem) vezet (nnem) stl A n gyakran vezet autt. (lny) minden reggel megnzi az pletet.

 (fi) ltja az autt. Zngtlen mshg k utn (pl. p, t, k, f) az s vgzdt sz nek ejtjk.

A zngs mshg k utn ll

s vgzdst z nek ejtjk. s egy n. kthanggal egszl ki: -es. Ennek

Ha a to go ige eltt she vagy he ll, akkor az kiejtsben nincs szerepe. - 15 -

He goes h gouz (fi) megy A to have ige is megvltozik: he has she has h hez s hez neki van (hmnem) neki van (nnem) Gyakorlat The woman often goes to a shop. The street has a side-walk. She goes to church every day. I seldom go to a bus station. He always looks at the apartment The church has a tower. The shop has a door. We see a boy and a woman. A n gyakran megy boltba. Az utcn van jrda. (lny) templomba megy minden nap. Ritkn megyek buszplyaudvarra. (fi) mindig megnzi a lakst. A templomnak van tonya. Az zletnek van ajtaja. Ltunk egy fit s egy nt. A church sz eltt nem hasznlunk nvelt, ha a szt a to go to church (templomba menni) kifejezsben alkalmazzuk. Ismteld nhnyszor a kvetkez mondatokat. Peter often goes to Budapest. He goes ptr ofn gouz tu budpeszt h gouz by train. bj trjn. When the train enters the station oven dz trjn etrz Dz sztjsn ptr Peter looks at the buildings. luksz et Dz bildin(g)z He has no car, so he walks. h hez nou kr szou h ovksz He sees a church tower. The tower h szz csrcs taur Dz taur a door. hez dr He visits the tower and looks at Budapest. H vizitsz Dz taur end luksz et budpeszt Then he goes to a shop. Dzen h gouz tu sop Az elz mondat ismeretlen szavai: to go by tu gou bj valamivel menni (utazni) by train bj trjn vonattal by bus bj bsz busszal - 16 -

by car bj kr kocsival no nou nem, egy sem, semennyi so szou gy when oven mikor, amikor then Dzen aztn, akkor he has no car. h hez nou kr nincs kocsija A no szcska jelentse nem vagy egy sem, s a mondatban a tagads szerept tltheti be. Ezrt a He has no car mondatot gy fordtjuk: Nincs (egy) kocsija (sem). A tbbes szm jele: -s shop bolt shops boltok sopsz street utca streets utck sztrtsz train vonat trains vonatok trjnz tower torony towers tornyok taurz car kocsi cars kocsik krz Az s vgzds kiejtsre ugyanazok a szablyok rvnyesek, mint az igknl.

Gyakorlat A tornyok the towers (fi) megy he goes egy laks an apartment (lny) lt she sees a jrda the side-walk megnzni, nzni valamire to look at egy plet a building autt vezetni to drive a car a bevsrl utca the shopping street egy autbusz sem no bus aztn megyek then I go megnzni a tornyot to look at the tower a n gyakran nz the woman often looks menni to go a templom the church - 17 -

nekem van (birtokolok) I have az autk the cars gy mindig so always a templomajt the church door a fi the boy egy buszplyaudvar a bus station elmenni (elltogatni) a hzba to visit the house egy vonat s egy busz a train and a bus minden nap ltunk we see every day vastlloms railway station Olvasd el a kvetkez szavakat! Az egy oszlopban talltaz, vastagon szedett magnhangzk azonos hangot jellnek: e j ou j we then train car so by see enter station apartment no side-walk street entrance they drive she - 18 -

2. Lecke 2. Lecke Els rsz j szavak hotel houtel szlloda, hotel room rm szoba window ovindou ablak restaurant resztrnt tterem, vendgl traffic trefik forgalom bicycle bjszikl kerkpr, bicikli school szkl iskola factory fektri gyr office ofisz hivatal, iroda Ms sorrendben: school szkl iskola office ofisz hivatal, iroda factory fektri gyr restaurant resztrnt tterem, vendgl hotel houtel szlloda, hotel room rm szoba window ovindou ablak traffic trefik forgalom bicycle bjszikl kerkpr, bicikli Most mr ismersek lesznek a szavak. factory fektri gyr room rm szoba window ovindou ablak traffic trefik forgalom restaurant reszrnt tterem, vendgl office ofisz hivatal, iroda - 19 -

school szkl iskola hotel houtel szlloda, hotel bicycle bjszikl kerkpr, bicikli Gyakorlat We seldom go to the factory. Ritkn megynk a gyrba. The room has a window A szobnak van egy ablaka. I have a bicycle. Van biciklim. We see the traffic. Ltjuk a forgalmat. He sees a hotel. Lt egy szllodt. A school and an office. Egy iskola, s egy hivatal. You seldom go to a restaurant. Ritkn msz tterembe. Fordtsd angolra gyr factory iskola school ablak window forgalom traffic tterem restaurant hotel hotel kerkpr bicycle hivatal office szoba room ez (van) vagy az (van) angolul it is it iz. is (van) szt itt nem fordtjuk

Olvasd el a kvetkez mondatokat, figyeld meg, hogy az magyarra. It is an office. Ez egy hivatal. It is a hotel. Ez egy hote. It is a station Ez egy lloms. - 20 -

Ismt j szavak In in ban, ben near nir (valami) mellett, kzelben also lszou szintn, is not not nem A van angolul there is Dzer iz.

Ezzel a szerkezettel ltalban mondatokat kezdnk, ha azt akarjuk kifejezni, hogy vala mi ltezik, van. Akkor lesznek teljesek a mondatok, ha a fnv eltt a nvel ll, a helyhatroz eltt pedig the . hol? krdsre is vlaszt adunk. A

Gyakorlat There is a bicycle in the huse. Van egy bicikli a hzban. There is an entrance in the building. Van egy bejrat az pletben. There is a factory near the station Van egy gyr az lloms kzelben. Az it is kifejezst gyakran rovidtjk: it s itsz. Ugyan ez trtnik a there is kifejezssel s: there s Dzerz. It s a restaurant Ez egy tterem. It s an office. Ez egy hivatal. There s a schoool near the station. Van egy iskola az lloms kzelben. There s a window in the room. Van egy ablak a szobban. There s a hotel near the station. Van egy hotal az lloms mellett. You also see the car. Te is ltod az autt. It s not a school. Ez nem iskola. There s a boy in the house. Van egy fi a hzban. Fordtsd angolra Van egy bicikli az pletben. There s a bicycle in the building. Gyakran ltom a fikat. I often see the boys. Mindig az iskola mellett megynk. We always go near the school. is minden nap megltogatja a nt. She also visits the woman every day. Az plet nem hivatal. The building is not an office. - 21 -

A lenni

to be tu b ige sszes ragozott alakja:

I am n vagyok you are te vagy , n (van) he is van (hmnem) she is van (nnem) it is ez, az van (semlegesnem) we are mi vagyunk you are ti vagytok, nk (vannak) they are k vannak Gyakorlat I am in the house. A hzban vagyok. You are a boy. Te fi vagy. He is near the door az ajt kzelben van. She is in the street. Az utcn van. It is a car. Ez egy kocsi We are in the building. Az pletben vagyunk. You are in Budapest. Budapesten vagytok. They are boys. k fik. A szobban van. He is in the room. Az iskola kzelben vagyunk. We are near the school. Az irodban vagyok. I am in the office. Pcsett vagytok. You are in Pcs. egy n. She is a woman. Az utcn vannak. They are in the street. Ez egy lloms. It is a station. Az lloms kzelben vagy. You are near the station. A to be tbbi alakja, az it is hez hasonlan, rvidthet. I am I m jm you are you re jur - 22 -

she is she s sz he is he s hz it is it s itsz we are we re ovir you are you re jur they are they re Dzjr Fordtsd a mondatokat rvid alakkal A szobban vannak. He s in the room. Az iskola kzelben vagyunk. We re near the school. Az irodban vagyok. I m in the office. Pcsett vagytok. You re in Pcs. egy n. She s a woman. Az utcn vannak. They re in the street. Ez egy lloms. It s a station. Az lloms kzelben vagy. You re near the station. j igk to work tu ovrk dolgozni to get tu get kapni, szerezni to know tu nou tudni, ismerni to wait tu ovjt vrni to speak tu szpk beszlni to like tu ljk szeretni, kedvelni Illeszd be az igket Mindig kap szobt a szllodban. She always gets [getsz] a room in the hotel. Gyakran vr az iskola kzelben. He often waits [ovjtsz] near the school. Ritkn beszlek. I seldom speak [szpk]. Pcsett dolgozunk. We work[ovrk] in Pcs. Szeretik a nt. They like [ljk] the woman. - 23 -

A kvetkez kifejezsek gyakran hasznlatosak: to work at/in dolgozni valahol to wait for vrni, valakire, valamire, valakit, valamit to speak to beszlni valakivel, valakihez to like to szeretni valamit csinlni Illeszd be az igket Szeret Budapestre menni. She likes to go to Budapest. Mindig a buszra vrunk. We always wait for the bus. A hivatalban dolgozik. He works in the office. Fordtsd magyarra to work in a factory gyrban dolgozni to get a bicycle kapni egy biciklit to like to speak szeretni beszlni to wait for a bus buszra vrni to speak to a boy beszlni egy fival to know the entrance ismerni a bejratot Fordtsd angolra Gyakran megy a szllodba. (fi) He often goes to the hotel. A szobban van. (fi) He is in the room. Ritkn nzi a kocsikat. (lny) She seldom looks at the cars. Beszlek a fival minden reggel. I speak to the boy every morning. Mindig megkapjuk a szobt. We always get the room. A vonatot vrja minden nap. (fi) He waits for the train every day. Gyakran megyek templomba. I often go to church. Kzel van az iskolhoz. It s near the school. Van egy gyr Szekszrdon. There is a factory in Szekszrd. Szeretek dolgozni. I like to work. is ismeri a szllodt. (fi) He also know the hotel. n is bemegyek az pletbe minden reggel. I also enter the building every morning. Gyakran busszal megy. (lny) She often goes by bus. - 24 -

Nhny ignek ugyan az a formja mint a fnvnek: to walk stlni a walk egy sta to work dolgozni work munka Vannak olyan fnevek is, amelyeket igbl kpznk: to drive vezetni a drive vezet, sofr to speak beszlni a speech beszd Olvasd el a kvetkez mondatokat: The driver goes for a walk every day. A sofr stlni megy minden nap. We go to work every morning. Minden reggel munkba megynk. There is also a speech. Van egy beszd is. A nvelt nem tesszk ki a to go to work (munkba menni) s a to go to school (iskolba menni) kifejezsekben, csakgy mint a to go to church (templomba menni) esetben. j szavak morning mrnin(g) reggel in the morning in Dz mrnin(g) reggel (mikor?) evening vnin(g) este in the evening in Dzi vnin(g) este (mikor?) red red piros white ovjt fehr good gud j bad bed rossz five fjv t two t kett there Dzer ott - 25 -

there

sz most helyhatroz ezrt a mondat vgre kerl.

Most ms sorrendben in the morning in Dz mrnin(g) reggel (mikor?) red red piros good gud j evening vnin(g) este bad bed rossz two t kett morning mrnin(g) reggel there Dzer ott in the evening in Dzi vnin(g) este (mikor?) white ovjt fehr Illeszd be az igket A sofrnek is van egy piros kocsija. The driver also has a red car. Ez egy j beszd. It s a good speech. Gyakran stl este. He often walks in the evening. Ltjuk a fehr pletet. We see the white building. nincs Budapesten reggel. She is not in Budapest in the morning. Nekik is t kocsijuk van. They also have five cars. rossz asszony. She s a bad woman. Gyakran megyek oda. I often go there. Fordtsd angolra t ablak five windows kt este two evenings j iskola good school rossz munka bad work a piros torony mellett near the red tower a fehr boltban in the white shop nem reggel not in the morning rossz fi he s a bad boy gyakran megy munkba she often goes to work - 26 -

j s rossz good and bad is a fehr pletben van. (fi) he is also in the white building. nem este not in the evening (egy) irodban dolgozik to work in an office - 27 -

2. Lecke Msodik rsz Ebben a rszben mr csak ismtlnk. Olvasd fel a kvetkez prbeszdet s prbld meg lefordtani. Barbara: There s a church in the shopping street. Peter: I know the church. It s near the railway station. We go there every morning. Mary: I often go to school by bus. I know the driver. He likes the traffic in th e streets. Tom: I go to work by bicycl. I always see Peter. He walks on the side-walk. He goes to school. Mary: Peter likes to go to school. When he enters the building he goes to a room . Then he opens the red window and looks at the boys and girls in the street. John: He also likes to go to the hotel. He knows five rooms in the hotel. Tom: There s a good hotel in Pcs. The hotel has a white entrance. The hotel also has a restaurent it s a good restaurant. I work there. I like to work there. I go there in the morning. Barbara: John also likes to go to the restaurant. He goes there every day. Peter: You go to the restaurant every day. John waits for you in the evening. often see you in the traffic. Mary: We go to school in the evening! Fordtsd le a mondatokat Barbara mindig kinyitja az ajtt. Barara always opens the door. Aztn dolgozni megy. Then she goes to work. ismeri a munkt. (lny) She knows the work. Este vr a kocsira. In the evening she waits for the car. Van forgalom az utcn. There s traffic in the street. A fi gyakran megnzi a tornyot. The boy often looks at the tower. Kt ablakot lt. (fi) He sees two wondows. Szeret a toronyhoz menni. (fi) He likes to go to the tower. Egy piros s egy fehr bejrat van. There s a red and a white entrance. A hz kzel van a templomhoz. The house is near the church. Gyakran mennek templomba. They often go to church. k is elmennek (elltogatnak) a they also visit the office every day. hivatalba minden nap. Aztn kocsival mennek. Then they go by car. - 28 -

Barbara mindig a piros kocsit vezeti. Barbara always drives the red car. Ritkn nzi a forgalmat. She seldom looks at the traffic. Szeret kocsit vezetni. He likes to dirve a car. Mindig kinyitom az ajtt. I always onpen the door. Minden nap az plethez stlsz. You walk to the building evry day. Mikor vrunk rd, nzzk a forgalmat When we wait for you we look at the az utcn. Traffic in the street. Este mindig busszal megy. (lny) In the evening she always goes by bus. Aztn a vastllomsra megy. (lny) Then she goes to the railway station. Az tteremben (lny) beszl a fival. In the rastaurant she speaks to the boy. A fi vonattal megy minden reggel. The boy goes by train every morning. Az iskola az lloms utcban van. The school is in Station street. Van egy gyr is az lloms kzelben. There is also a factory near the station. Tomi ott dolgozik. Tom works there. A gyrnak is van egy irodja. The factory also has an office. Mindig kinyitja az irodt s beszl He always opens the office and speaks Pterrel. (fi) to Peter. Tomi gyakran vrja Ptert. Tom often waits for Peter. Ez egy rossz gyr. It s a bad factory. Jnos nincs a laksban. John is not in the apartment. A bevsrl utcban van. (fi) He is in the shopping street. Ritkn nzi a kocsikat. (fi) He seldom looks at the cars. Jnosra vrok minden nap. I wait for John every day. Tominak j kocsija van. Tom has a good car. Ez egy Rolls Royce. It s a Rolls Royce. Van kt piros biciklije is. (fi) He also has two red bicycle. Este elltogat Budapestre. (fi) In the evening he visits Budapest. Aztn vonattal megy, ltja a szllodkat Then he goes by train and sees the s a vendglket. (fi) hotels and the restaurants. - 29 -

Olvasd el a szavakat. Az egy oszlopban lv, vastagon szedett betk azonos hangot jellnek. e j school hotel like evening room restaurant I speech two get white he you red five see - 30 -

3. Lecke 3. Lecke Els rsz j szavak town taun vros table tjbl asztal colck klok ra, falira on on -on, -en,- n day dj nap (idtartam) girl grl lny time tjm id afternoon ftrnn dlutn mother mDzr anya usually jzsuli rendszerint, ltalban Most mssorrendben nvelvel the day Dz dj a nap (idtartam) usually jzsuli rendszerint, ltalban a tabel tjbl egy asztal the aftrnoon Dzi ftrnn a dlutn the mother Dz mDzr az anya a town taun egy vros on on -on, -en,- n a clock klok egy ra, egy falira a girl grl egy lny Gyakorlat the boy and the girl a fi s a lny the clock on the table az ra az asztalon in the afternoon dlutn (mikor?) Mother usually looks at the clock. Anya rendszerint rnz az rra. It is a good day. Ez egy j nap. - 31 -

A nvel a town sz eltt elmarad, ha nyilvnval, hogy a beszl melyik vrosra gondol. A lecke folyamn lthatunk erre pldkat. A to szcska nemcsak a ni vgzds angol megfelelje, hanem elljrknt is hasznlatos (-hoz, -hez, -hz, -ba, -be), tovbb mellkmondatokat is bevezethet ( to visit Barbara = hogy megltogassam Barbart). I have no time to visit Barbara. He goes to school in the afternoon. She likes to go to town. The girl usually waits for the train. It s a good day to work. The boy has two tables in the room. Mother is in the room. Nincs idm arra, hogy megltogassam Barbart. Dlutn iskolba megy. Szeret a vrosba menni. A lny rendszerint vr a vonatra. Ez egy j nap a munkhoz/ arra, hogy dolgozzunk. A finak kt asztala van a szobban. Anya a szobban van. A mother sz eltt nem szksges a nvel hasznlata.

Illeszd be az j szavakat Ez egy j nap a sthoz/ arra, hogy It s a good day to go for a walk. stlni menjnk. Nincs idm vsrlsra. I have no time for shopping. Anya az pletben van. Mother is in the building. Gyakran vrok a vrosban egy napot. I often wait in town for a day. Dlutn megynk templomba. We go to church in the afternoon. Kt falira van a szobban. There are two clocks in the room. A for szcskt klnbz szavakkal kombinlhatjuk, gy a jelentse mindig ms s ms. to wait forfor a day to go for a walk to look for vrni valakire, valamire egy napra, egy napot, egy napig stlni menni (stra menni) keresni j szavak peoplenice big first ppl njsz big frszt emberek kedves, kellemes, szp nagy, terjedelmes els, elszr, elsnek - 32 -

some szm nhny, nhnyan country kntri orszg Gyakorlat She s a nice girl. egy kedves lny. First he sees a white building. Elszr egy fehr pletet lt. There s a big farctory there. Van ott egy nagy gyr. I know some good shops. Ismerek nhny j zletet. She s there. ott van. It s a nice to see Mary. J ltni Mary-t. (kellemes ltni ) It s a big car. Ez egy nagy kocsi. Some people have houses, Nhny embernek hza van, and some have apartments. nhnynak pedig laksa. It s a nice country. Ez egy szp orszg. Az angolban elfordul, hogy nem hasznlunk nvelt a fnv eltt, ha az tbbes szmban van, pl.: Some people have houses, and some have apartments. Ha a some sz ll a fnv eltt, elhagyjuk a nvelt. I have some clocks. Van nhny rm. We usually go first. Mi rendszerint elsnek megynk. He sees a big station. Egy nagy llomst lt. Some girls like to walk. Nhny lny szeret stlni He drives a big car every day. Minden nap egy nagy kocsit vezet. Budapest is nice. Budapest szp. a big coutry egy nagy orszg the first building az els plet Fordtsd angolra Nhny nagy falira some big clocks egy szp orszg a nice country kt nagy asztal two big tables az els szp nap the first nice day nhny lny some girls t vros five towns Gyakran beszlek anyval. I often speak to mother. - 33 -

Ideje menni. It s time to go. Nhny dlutn az irodba megy. (lny) She goes to the office some afternoons. Mary gyakran van ott. Mery is often here. Mi vagyunk az elsk. We are first. Dlutn gyakran megynk a vrosba. We often go to town in the afternoon. egy kedves fi. He s a nice boy. Van egy nagy asztal az irodban. There s a big table in the office. Nhny szobnak t ablaka van. Some rooms have five windows. Nincs idm stlni menni. I have no time to go for a walk. Anya minden nap bemegy az zletbe. Mother enters the shop every day. Az egy Pcshez kzeli vros. It s a town near Pcs. A falira szp. The cock is nice. Ez egy nagy orszg. It s a big country. Nhnyan estnknt mennek stlni. Some people go for a walk in the evenings. Az elz leckben mr trgyaltuk a to be lenni igt. Ebben a leckben mos azt mutatjuk be, hogy hogyan kpeznk krdst s tagadst ezzel az igve. A to be igvel gy krdeznk, hogy megfordtjuk a mondat szrendjt, teht a fnv vagy a szemlyes nvms s az ige helyet cserlnek. Ezt a mveletet inverzinak nevezzk. Kijelent mondat: krds: I am a girl. n egy lny vagyok. Am I a girl? n gy lny vagyok? He is a boy. egy fi. Is he a boy? egy fi? They are in k a szobban Are they in k a szobban the room. vannak. the room? vannak? The girl is nice. A lny kedves. Is the girl nice? Kedves a lny? Alaktsd t krdmondatt She is a mother. Is she a mother? egy anya? We are in town. Are we in town? A vrosban vagyunk? It s a big car. Is it a big car? Ez egy nagy kocsi? You are a good boy. Are you a good boy? J fi vagy? They are big buildings. Are they big buildings? Azok nagy pletek? I am in the house. Am I in the house? A hzban vagyok? He is in the office. Is he in the office? Az irodban van? - 34 -

The car is nice. Is the car nice? Szp kocsi? Ha krdsre igenla felelet, akkor a yes [jesz] igen szval kezdjk a vlaszunkat, amelyet

szemlyes nvms, majd az ige kvet. Azt a fnevet, amely a krdsben szerepelt, egy szemlyes nvmssal helyettestjj be. Gyakrolat Are you in the house? A hzban vagy? Yes, I am. Igen. Is he a nice boy? kedves fi? Yes, he is. Igen. Are the people in az emberek a szllo-Yes, they are. Igen. the hotel? dban vannak? Are they in the office? Az irodban vannak? Yes, they are. Igen. Are the cars white? A kocsik fehrek? Yes, they are. Igen. Is the boy in the room? A fi a szobbna van? Yes, he is. Igen. Is the girl nice? A lny kedves? Yes, she is. Igen. Is the house big? Nagy a hz? Yes, it is. Igen. Az it egyes szm 3. szemlyben lv fnevek helyett ll, ha lettelen dologrl van sz. Ha lrl, akkor a he vagy she nvms hasznlatos. A they minden tbbes szmban lv fnv helyett llhat. Vlaszolj a krdsekre Is it a church? Yes, it is. Are they in the street? Yes, they are. Am I in the office? Yes, I am. Are we near Pcs? Yes, we are. Is she a good girl? Yes, she is. Is the boy in the building? Yes, he is. Is the bicycle white? Yes, it is. Are the people in the restaurant. Yes, they are. Ha a vlaszunk nemleges, akkor a no [nou] szcskt a szemlyes nvms, majd az ige, vgl a not [not] sz kveti. Are you a girl? Is he in the house? Are they first? Lny vagy, A hzban van? Elsk? No, I am not. No, he is not. No, they are not. Nem. Nem. Nem. - 35 -

Vlaszolj a krdsekre Are you a boy? No, I am not. Is he in the car? No he is not. Are we near Budapest? No, we are not. Is it a big car? No, it is not. Is the factory big? No, it is not. Is mother in the shop? No, she is not. Is the boy in the car? No he is not. Are the people nice? No, they are not.

Az is not ot isn t re [iznt], mg az are not ot aren t re [rnt] lehet rvidteni Az am not nem alkalmas a rvidtsre: csak gy lehet sszevonni, hogy a teljes I am alak helyett az I m not rvidtst hasznljuk. Az elbbi gyakorlat rvid formj vlaszokkal Are you a boy? No, I m not. Is he in the car? No he isn t. Are we near Budapest? No, we aren t. Is it a big car? No, it isn t. Is the factory big? No, it isn t. Is mother in the shop? No, she isn t. Is the boy in the car? No he isn t. Are the people nice? No, they aren t. Szavak, melyekkel kiegsztend krdseket alkothatunk who h ki, kit what ovott mi, mit where over hol, hov when oven mikor Kiegsztend krdsekben a who, what, where, when nvmsok az ige eltt llnak. Gyakorlat Who is it? Ki az? What is it? Mi az? - 36 -

Where is the boy? Hol van a fi? When are you in the building? Mikor vagy az pletben? Egsztsd ki a mondatot a megfelel nvmssal Hol a templom? Where is the church? Ki az? Who is it? Mi van az asztalon? What is on the table? Fordtsd angolra Ki (az) a lny? Mi van az pletben? Hol a kocsi? Who is the girl? What is in the building? Where is the car? Mikor vagy az irodban? When are you in the office? j igk to ask to live to want to think tu szk tu liv tu ovont tu tszin(g)kkrni, krdezni lni, lakni valahol akarni gondolni Az utols ige fonetikai trsnl a tsz hang zngtlen. Gyakorlat van he is n akarok I want k gondoljk they think mi lnk we live te krdezel you ask k krdeznek they ask te vagy you are lakik he lives mi akarunk we want ti gondoljtok you think - 37 -

Egsztsd ki a hinyz igkkel Szeretnk Debrecenben lni. We like to live in Debrecen. gy gondolom/azt hiszem, hogy els I think he wants to be first. akar lenni. Gyakran krdezem Mrit. I often ask Mary. Budapesten akar lakni. She wants to live in Budapest. Mindig ott vagyunk. We are always there. Akarok egy kocsit (birtokolni). I want to have a car. gy gondolom/azt hiszem, hogy I think it is bad school. ez egy rossz iskola. Az angol nyelvben a hogy vonatkoz nvms elhagyhat.

Fordtsd angolra Azt hiszem, szeret a vrosban lni. I think she likes to live in town. A bevsrl utct akarja ltni. She wants to see the shopping street. Azutn el akar menni a templomba. (lny) Then she wants to visit the church. Nagy orszgban lnk. We live in a big country. - 38 -

3. Lecke Msodik rsz A kvetkez mondatok tartalmaznak egy ismeretlen szt. Through tszr Figyeld meg a sz jelentst I seldom look through the window. Through and through It s a through train to London. It s a street for through traffic. Ismt j sz Behind bihjnd She s behind the building. He usually walks behind John. The office is behind the school. Gyakorlat She is behind the shop. I know the town through and through. She sees a red car through the window. You often go to the church behind the station. He goes by bicycle through the town every day. Ritkn nzek t az ablakon. keresztl kasul Ez kzvetlen vonat Londonba. Ez egy tmen forgalm utca. Az plet mgtt van. Rendszerint John mgtt stl. A hivatal az iskola mgtt van. A bolt mgtt van. Alaposan (keresztl-kasul) ismerem a vrost. Lt egy piros kocsit az ablakon keresztl. Gyakran jrsz az lloms mgtti templomba.

Minden nap biciklivel megy keresztl a vroson. Az els rszben megtrgyaltuk a to be igvel kpezhet krdsek s vlaszok szablyait, a szrendcsere (inverzi) azonban nem alkalmazhat minden esetben krdsek szerkesztsre. Ha a krds nem tartalmazza a to be igt, akkor n. segdigk alkalmazsval tudunk krdst feltenni.

Eddig a kijelent mondatokat az egyszerjelen idben (the Simple Present Tense [Dz szimpl preznt tensz]) kpeztk. Ebben az igeidben segdigekt a to do igt hasznljuk, ha a to be-tl eltr jelents igvel akarunk krdst feltenni. Ilyenkor a do [du] a modat elejr kerl, s a szemlyes nvms vagy a fnv, majd az ige kveti. - 39 -

Segdige + Szemlyes nvms + ige + vagy fnv

..

Do they like the town? Szeretik a vrost? Do you want a car? Akarsz egy kocsit? Do the girls live in Pcs? A lnyok Pcsett lnek? Hasoltsd ssze a kijelent mondatokat a krdmondatukkal I like the town. Szeretem a vrost. Do I like the town? Szeretem a vrost? You go to the shop every day. Minden nap msz a boltba. Do you go to the shop every day? Minden nap msz a boltba? We always wait for the train. Mindig vrunk a vonatra. Do we always wait for the train? Mindig vrunk a vonatra? You often go for a walk. Gyakran msz stlni. Do you often go for a walk? Gyakran msz stlni? Alaktsd t krdss a kvetkez mondatokat: They often go to church. Do they often go to church? We seldom see the boy. Do we seldom see teh boy? I visit Mary every day. Do I visit Mary every day? You always work in the big building. Do you always work in the big building? We usually walk to work. Do we usually walk to work? The boys like the town. Do the boys like the town? Ha a krdsben szereplnvms a he, she, it vagy egy egyes szm 3. szemlyben lv fnv, akkor a segdige does [dz], s a mondatban lv ignek nincs s ragja. Gyakorlat She often goes to Pcs. Does she often go to Pcs? Gyakran jr Pcsre? He seldom visits Mary. Does he seldom visit Mary? Ritkn ltogatja meg Mrit? Peter goes to school every Does Peter go to school every Pter minden nap jr day. day? iskolba? Csakgy, mint a to be esetben, a krdsekben krd nvmst (where, when stb.) is alkalmazhautnk, ami a segdige eltt, a mondat elejn ll. - 40 -

Where do you usually go in the morning? Rendszerint hov msz reggel? When do you usually open the shop? Rendszerint mikor nyitod ki a boltot? What cars does she like? Milyen kocsikat szeret? When does he visit the girl? Mikor ltogatja meg a lnyt? Where do they walk every day? Hov stlnak minden nap? What school do you like? Milyen iskolt szeretsz? Egsztsd ki a kvetkez mondatokat John walks to work every Where does John walk every Hov megy Jnos gyalog day. day? minden nap? They often visit the woman. When do they visit the Mikor ltogatjk meg az woman? asszonyt? We seldom see the buildings. What do we seldom see? Mit ltunk ritkn? He opens the shop in the When does he open the shop? Mikor nyitja ki az zletet? morning. A who krdszval mskppen krdeznk. A who ( ki? ) krdszval kpzett krsnek olyan a felptse, mint a kijelent mondatoknak, csak itt a szemlyes nvms vagy a fnv helyre a who krdsz kerl. Az igt ilyenkor egyes szm 3. szemlyben ragozzuk, teht mindig s vgzdst kap. Kejelent mondat: Krd mondat who val: John opens the door every Who opens teh door every Ki nyitja ki az ajtt naponta? day. day? They seldom see the station. Who seldom sees the station? Ki ltja ritkn az llomst? You like cars. Who likes cars? Ki szereti a kocsikat? Alkoss krdseket a who krdszval Ki Ki Ki Ki beszl ritkn Mrival? Who seldom speaks to Mary? szereti a hzat? Who likes the house? akar stlni menni? Who wants to go for a walk? ltogatja meg Richrdot naponta? Who visits Richard every day?

Ha igenlen vlaszolunk egy do/does kezdet krdsre, akkor a yes szcska utn a megfelel szemlyes nvmst, majd a segdigt tesszk. Rvid vlaszok esetn a do t hossz val ejtjk. - 41 -

Do you like the girl? Yes, I do. Igen. Does she live in Budapest? Yes, she does. Igen. Do we go to school in the morning? Yes, we do. Igen. Does he visit the woman every day? Yes, he does. Igen. Does the boy like cars? Yes, he does. Igen. Does mother go to work every day? Yes she does. Igen. Ha a vlaszunk tagad, akkor a szemlyes nvmst a no szcska utn tesszk, majd a segdige s a not sz kvetkezik. Do you like the girl? No, I do not. Nem. Does she live in Budapest? No, she does not. Nem. Do we go to school in the morning? No, we do not. Nem. Does he visit the woman every day? No, he does not. Nem. Does the woman like Pcs? No, she does not. Nem. A do not rvidtve don t [dount], a does not pedig doesn t [dznt].

Adj tagad vlaszt a rvid alakokkal Do you like the girl? No, I don t. Does she live in Budapest? No, she doesn t. Do we go to school in the morning? No, we don t. Does he visit the woman every day? No, he doesn t. Fordtsd angolra Hov msz gyakran? Where do you often go? Megltogatjk az asszonyt minden nap? Do they visit the woman every day? Mikor msz rendszerint stlni? When do you usually go for a walk? Ki szereti megnzni a forgalmat? Who likes to look at the traffic? Gyakran kinyitod az ablakot? Do you often open the window? Hol van Pter? Where is Peter? A lny is vonattal akar menni? Does the girl also want to go by train? Ki vr mindig a fira? Who always waits for the boy? Ltjk a buszt az abalkon t? Do they see the bus through the window? Ki van az pletben? Who is in the building? Ismered a szllodt az lloms utcban? Do you know the hotel in Station street? - 42 -

Oda akarsz menni dlutn? Do you want to go there in the afternoon? Hov akarsz menni busszal? Where do you want to go by bus? Mikor akar Pcsre menni? (lny) When does she want to go to Pcs? Ez egy iroda? Is it an office? A brtokos nvmsok my mj az n (i)m your jr a te (i)d his hiz az e(i), a(i) - hmnem birtokos esetn a(i) - nnem birtokos esetn a(i) - semlegesnem birtokos esetn (i)tok

her hr az e(i), its itsz a(z) e(i), our aur a mi (i)nk

your jr a ti (i)tek,

their Dzjr az uk, k, ik A birtokos nvmsoknak ezen alakjait egyes s tbbes szm birtok eltt ugyan olyan formban hasznljuk, pl.: my shop az n boltom my shops az n boltjaim Gyakorlat It is my house. Ez az n hzam. Our car is red. A mi autnk piros. Your clock is nice. Szp a (te) falird. It is a nice house. Ez egy szp hz. Its windows are big. Az abalkai nagyok. His shops are big. Nagyok a(z ) boltjai. Their school is in Station Street. Az iskoljuk az lloms utcban van. Your coutnry is big. Nagy a (ti) orszgotok. It is her bicycle. Ez az biciklije. Ha az angolban birtokos nvmst alkalmazunk, akkor nem hasznlunk nvelt. Egsztsd ki a megfelel birtokos nvmssal a kvetkez mondatokat Hol az iskolja? (lny) Where is her school? Gyakran jr a hzhoz? (fihoz) Does she often go to his house? Apnk minden nap elmegy a boltba. Our father goes to the shop every day. - 43 -

Ritkn ltogatjuk meg az anyjukat. We seldom visit their mother. Hol a biciklid? Where is your bicycle? j szavak green grn zld blue bl kk short srt rvid, alacsony long lon(g) hossz Gyakorlat I have a blue car. Van egy kk autm. It s a green house. Ez egy zld hz. I often go for a short walk. Gyakran megyek rvid stra. It s a long table. Ez egy hossz asztal. We always wait for the bus Mindig sokig vunk a buszra. for a long time. Jegyezd meg a kvetkez kifejezst: For a long time sokig (hossz ideig) Az angolban a mellkneveket (mint pl.: big, nice, long, short ) nem ragozzuk, tbbes szmuk pedig megegyezik az egyes szm alakjukkal. Fordtsd angolra Nem szeretem a kket s a zldet. I dont like green and blue. Rvid utck is vannak a vrosban. There are also short streets in the town. Van egy kk szoba a hzban. There is a blue room in the house. Ez egy hossz utca. It s a long street. A lecke utols gyakorlatban az j szavakat s a nyelvtant gyakorojuk A ti orszgotok nagy? Is your cuntry big? Nincs idnk, hogy megltogassuk a lnyokat. We have not time to visit the girls. Hol laksz? Where do you live? Gyakran mgyek Pcsre egy napra.. I ofent go to Pcs for a day. Van egy iskola az lloms mgtt. There is a school behind the station. Nhny ember este megy stlni? Do some people go for a walk in the evening? - 44 -

Rendszerint ki lp az pletbe elszr? Who usually enters the building first? Van egy szp ra az asztalon. There is a nice clock on the table. Anynk azt hiszi, hogy a hzban vagyunk. Our mother thinks we are in the house. Szeretek az desanyjval beszlgetni. I like to speak to his mother. (fival) Van nhny nagy ra a vrosban. There are some big Mikor vrsz desanydra? When do you wait for your Mi az? What is it? Azt hiszem, ez egy kellemes szlloda. I think it s Az desanyja gyakran nz az ablakon t. Her mother

clocks in the town. mother? a nice hotel. often looks through the window.

(lny) Az desanyik a vrosban vannak. Their mother are in town. A vrosban tmen forgalom van. There is through traffic in the town. Kiejtsi gyakorlat j j ou nice day car know school time table are window you five wait afternoon go blue like railway ask through white they two side behind - 45 -

4. Lecke 4. Lecke Els rsz j szavak hour minute fatherchairaurminit fDzr cser ra (idtartam) perc apa szk todaysix o clock the second tdj sziksz klok Dz szekndma hat ra (idpont) a msodik squarestatue szkoversztetj tr szobor Ms sorrendben fathersquarehour six o clock statue chairthe second fDzr szkoveraursziksz klok sztetj cserDz szeknd apa tr ra (idtartam) hat ra (idpont) szobor szk a msodik todayminute tdj minitma perc Fontos! an hour n aur egy ra Itt nem a , hanem kezddik. - 46 an [n] ll az hour eltt mivel a sz kiejtve magnhangzval

Gyakorlat It s six o clock in the morning. Reggel hat ra van. There s a statue in the square. Van egy szobor a tren. There are some chairs in the room. Van nhny szk a szobban. I wait for the bus five minutes evey day. Minden nap t percet vrok a buszra. The second car is red. A msodik kocsi piros. We seldom go to town for one hour. Ritkn megynk be egy rra a vrosba. Fordtsd az j szavakat angolra ma today tr square szk chair hat ra six o colck a msodik the second perc minute apa father szobor statue ra hour A father sz eltt ugyangy nem hasznlunk nvelt, mint a mother sz esetn.

Fordtsd angolra A msodik busz megy a trre? Does the second bus go to the square? Van egy kk szke. (finak) He has a blue chair. Mindig egy rt s t percet I always wait for Mary one vrok Mrira. hour and five minutes. Este hat ra van. It s six o clock in the evening. A szobor a tren van? Is the statue in the square? Szmnevek one ovn egy six sziksz hat two t kett seven szevn ht three tszr hrom eight jt nyolc - 47 -

four fr ngy nine njn kilenc five fjv t ten ten tz Olvasd hangosan 1-2-3 one-two-three 4-5-6 four-five-six 7-8-9-10 seven-eight-nine-ten Fordtsd angolra 2-4-6-8 two-four-six-eight 1-3-5-7 one-three-five-seven 1-2-9-10 one-two-nine-ten 3-1-6-9 three-one-six-nine 10-8-3-6 ten-eight-three-six Az id kifejezshez szksges szavak: half hf fl past pszt (el)mlt half an hour hf n aur fl ra half past one hf pszt ovn fl kett Figyeld meg, hogy angolul a fl kett kifejezse: half past one, ami sz szerinti fordtsba n fllel mlt egy . Az o clock kifejezs akkor kerl a mondatba, amikor egsz rt mondunk. Mskor ezt a szt nem hasznljuk. Amikor rt s perceket is mondunk, nem kzelez kitenni a minute szt. Ha azt akarjuk mondani, hogy -kor, akkor az at elljrt kapcsoljuk az idpont el. htkor at seven o clock tzkor at ten o clock kznyelvi hasznlatban gyakran elmarad az o clock. Gyakorlat It s ten past six. Tz perccel mlt hat. I usually go to school at seven o clock rendszerint reggel htkor megyek in the morning. az iskolba. - 48 -

She thinks it s nine o clock. gy gondolja, kilenc ra van. My train is at half past two. Fl hromkor van (megy) a vonatom. It s nine. Kilenc ra van. Az angolban a Tz ra van tpus mondatok az it szval kezddnek: It is ten. Az elz leckben mr megismerkedtnk az egyszer jelen idben (Simple Present) adhat rvid vlaszokkal. Most nzzk meg, hogyan tagadunk hosszabb mondatokba. I m not in the office. Nem vagyok az irodban. You aren t a father. Te nem vagy apa. She isn t in the building. Nincs az pletben. He isn t in the square. Nincs a tren. It isn t a chair. Ez nem szk. We aren t in Budapest. Nem vagyunk Budapesten. You aren t first. Nem vagy els. They aren t nice. Nem kedvesek. Azokban a mondatokban, amelyekben nem a to be a mondat igje, hasonl a helyzet. Ne felejtsd, hogy a not szcska a segdige utn ll, s az ige nem kap I don t like blue. Nem szeretem a kket. You do not usually go to work Te rendszerint nem msz este in the evening. munkba. He does not know Mary. Nem ismeri Mrit. She doesn t see her father. Nem ltja az apjt. We don t often visit our mother. Nem ltogatjuk meg gyakran az desanynkat. You don t go for a walk every day. Nem msz minden nap stlni. Egsztsd ki a rvid tagad formkkal Nem akar stlni menni. (lny) She doesn t want to go for a walk. Nem szeretjk az autkat. We don t like cars. Nem vagyok a vrosban. I am not in town. Nem akarok vrni. I don t want to wait. Ez nem az n vonatom. It isn t my train. Nem szeretnek iskolba jrni. They don t like to go to school. Nem az dasanyja. (fi) She isn t his mother. - 49 s ragot.

Nem szereted az desapmat. You don t like my father. Fordtsd angolra Nem szeretem az desapjt. (fit) I don t like his father. Nincsenek a hzban. They aren t in the house. Nincs az utcban. (lny) She isn t in the street. Nem kell neki a kocsi. (finak) He doesn t want thecar. Ez nem az hzuk. It isn t their house. Nem ltogatjuk meg az desanyjt We don t visit her mother every day. minden nap. Nem egy kedves fi. He isn t a nice boy. Ha a krdsnkben a to have (birtokolni) igt hasznljuk, akkor inverzit (szrendcsert) alkalmazunk, ugyangy, mint a to be ignl. Tagadskor a have/has ighez kapcsoldik a not szcska. Pldk I have a car. Van kocsim. Have you a car? Yes, I have. No, I have not. She has a nice house. Has she a nice house? Yes, she has. No, she has not. Van kocsid? Igen (van). Nem (nincs). Szp hza van. Szp hza van? Igen. Nem. A have not haven t re [hevnt], a has not pedig Kijelent mondatokban is lehetnek rvidtett formk: I haven t a car. Nincs autm. He hasn t a house. Nincs hza. Az I haven t a car mondat ugyanazt jelenti, mint az I have no car. Az utbbi azonban nyomatkosabban fejezi ki ugyanazt a tartalmat. - 50 hasn t re [heznt] rvidl.

Egsztsd ki a megfelel krd s kijelent alakokkal Van ttermed? Have you a restaurant? Nincs nagy autm. I haven t a big car. Nincs apjuk. They haven t a father. Van idk? Have you time? Nincs biciklije. She hasn t a bicycle. Van a finak falirja? Has the boy a clock? j szavak Into intu -ba, -be, bele Az into sz a mondatban az ige utn ll. To go into bemenni valahov They always go first into the house. Elszr mindig a hzba mennek. Olvasd el a kvetkez mondatoka s figyeld meg az j szavak jelentst This car is red. Ez a kocsi piros That girl is nice. Az a lny kedves. These people are in the building. Ezek az emberek az pletben vannak. Those boys like to go by train. Azok a fik szeretnek vonattal menni. Egyes szm Tbbes szm KZEL (itt) This [Dzisz] These [Dzz] TVOL (ott) That [Dzet] Those [Dzouz] this these that those ez, ez a ezek, ezek a az, az a azok, azok a Figyelem: br az angol mutat nvmsokat nem ragozzuk, a magyar fordtsba ugyan azt a ragot kapjk, mint az ltaluk jellt fnv, pl.:this hotel a szllodba. Illeszd be a megfelel mutat nvmst Ez egy szp falira. This is a nice clock. Az az asztal fehr? Is that table white? - 51 ez a szlloda, to this hotel

eb

Ez az desanyja. This is his mother. Rendszerint mikor nyitod az ablakokat? ki ezeket When do you usually open these windows? Ki kedvelei azokat a lnyokat? gy gondolom ez az a busz. Who likes those girls? I think it s that bus. k gyakran mennek ebbe a szllodba. They often go to this hotel. Azok a szkek zldek? Are those chairs green? Szeretik ezeket a vrosokat? Do they like these towns? Az angolban van kt sz, melynek hasonl a jelentse. home houm haza (otthon) house hausz hz A home sz klnbz szkapcsolatokban is elfordulhat at home to go home et houm tu gou houm otthon (hol?) hazamenni Gyakorlat He likes to be at home. When do you usually go home? There are five rooms in this house. It s a big house. Szeret otthon lenni. Rendszerint mikor msz haza? Ebben a hzban t szoba van. Ez egy nagy hz. Az at sz tbb kifejezsben is elfordul at six o clock at home at school to look atat work at first hat rakor otthon az iskolban nzni valamire munkban elszr, kezdetben - 52 -

j to to to

igk thank (for) tu tszen(g) (fr) megksznni valamit write (to) tu rjt (tu) rni (valakinek) take tu tjk vinni, venni, fogni

Ismt rni (valakire) to write (to) vinni, venni, fogni to take megksznni vmit to thank (for) Figyeld meg, hogy a you jelentheti azt is: neked, nektek, nnek, tged, titeket, nt. Gyakrolat Ksznm neked ezt az autt. Thank you for this car. Gyakran r Mary-nek. (lny) She often writes to Mary. Rendszerint elviszik a knyveiket az iskolba. They usually take their books to scho ol. Ha a thank (for) ige egyes szm 1. szemlyben szerepel, akkor rendszerint elhagyjuk elle az I szemlyes nvmst. It takes an hour to go home. Egy ra az t hazig. (Egy rt vesz ignybe ) I usually take a bus to work. Rendszerint autbusszal megyek munkba. (Rendszerint autbuszt veszek ignybe.) It takes some time. Ez egy kis idt vesz ignybe. He takes you for a driver. sofrnek tart (nz) tged. Az utols mondatban a take ige a kvetkezkppen rtelmezhet:

To take ( ) for (valakit) valaminek nzni/tartani Gyakorlat Mindig a msodik busszal megy. (buszt veszi ignybe fi) Van falirja a szobjban? (lny) Mikor r az desapjnak? (fi) Reggel kilenckor mennek munkba. Ki akar hazamenni? He always takes the second bus. Has she a clock in her room? When does he write to his father? They go to work at nine in the morning. Who wants to go home? - 53 -

Hov mennek ezek az emberek ezzel Where do these people go by this bus? a busszal? Azok a lnyok mindig erre a Those girls always wait for this car. kocsira vrnak. Otthon vagy fl tzkor? Are you at home at half past nine? Egy rba tellik (rt vesz ignybe) It takes an hour to write to Mary. rni Mary-nek. k hol vannak? Where are they? Ezek az utck hosszak? Aare these streets long? Az anyja s az apja egy napot vannak His mother and father are at work for munkban. (fi) a day. Ksznm (neked) ez a biciklit. Thank you for this bicycle. Mindig azzal a busszal megy. (fi) He always takes that bus. Nem szeretnek erre a trre menni. They don t like to go to this square. Ma stlni akarok menni. Today I want to go for a walk. Van nhny szk ebben a szobban. There are some chair in this room. Nincs ideje az desanyjval beszlni. He hasn t time to speak to his mother. - 54 -

4. Lecke Msodik rsz A lecknek ebben a rszben az eddig tanultakat foglaljuk ssze. Peter: Where is the driver? Mary: He s there, behind that bus. Do you see? Peter: I think it isn t the driver. He s behind this big building. Barbara: Have you time for a walk? John: No, I haven t. I want to take these green chairs and clocks to the school. Mary: Are the boys in the shop? Tom: No, they aren t. This shop is for girls. Barbara: Where is she? Peter: In the shopping street. She usually waits for her mother in the shopping street. Barbara: I think she s at home. Mary: Do you want to write to your father? John: No, it isn t a good time to write. Tom: Where is her father? Barbara: Where do you think he is? Tom: He s at school at three every day. Barbara: He isn t there today. He is in the restaurant. He has a table near the wi ndow. Mary: It s good to be at home. Do you often work at home? Peter: No, I don t. I usually work in the office. John: It s half past five. Do you want to speak to their father? Barbara: He is usually at home at six in the evening. Mary: Have you a big white car? Tom: Yes, I have. It s behind the house. Mary: I think it isn t. Your car is near the white entrance. Peter: Who wants to speak to my father? Barbara: The two girls in the big blue car. Mary: John: Mary: John: When Have Yes, Then I look through the window I always see those boys in the street. they a blue car? they have. they are Tom and Peter.

Tom: Do you often see her mother? Barbara: We visit her mother every day. Our mother and father are also there. We usually take a through train to Pcs.

- 55 -

Amikor Debrecenbe megyek, mindig elmegyek (elltogatok) erre a trre s megnzem ezt a szobrot. A szkem a msodik szobban van. Mindig busszal megyek haza. Amikor kinzek az ablakon, ltom azokat az zleteket a bevsrl utcban. Nyolc perccel mlt hrom. Ma rni akar az anyjnak. (fi) Rendszerint otthon vrjk az apjukat. Ltod azokat a kk autkat? Hov megy este? (fi) Minden nap msz stlni? Mary reggel nyolc rakor nyitja ki a boltjt. Egy ra (egy rt vesz ignybe) az t hazit. Nhny vonat kzvetlen vonat. Ezek az utck tmen forgalmak. Gondolod, hogy ott van? (fi) Nem, nincs ott. (fi) Nincs idnk, hogy veled beszljnk. Ki gondolja gy, hogy ez az plet szp? Kt ra van ebben a szobban. Ez a vonat mindig bemegy reggel az lomsra? Amgtt a brhz mgtt lakom. Ismered azokat a bevsrl utckat? Gondolom el akar menni (ltogatni) ehhez a toronyhoz. Mindig vrok r egy ideig. Nem kedvelem azokat a fikat. When I go to Debrecen I always visit this square and look at this statue. My chair is in the second room. I alway go home by bus. When I look through the window I see those shops in the shopping street. It s eight (minutes) past three. He wants to write to his mother today. They usually wait for their father at home. Do you see those blue cars? Where does he go in the evening? Do you go for a walk every day? Mary opens her shop at eight in the morning. It takes an hour to go home. Some trains are through trains. These streets are for through traffic. Do you think he s there?

No, he isn t there. We haven t time to speak to you. Who thinks this building is nice? There are two clocks in this room. Does this train always go into the station in the morning? I live behind that apartment building. Do you know those shopping street? I think he wants to visit this tower. I always wait for him for some time. I don t like those boys. - 56 -

Az egy oszlopban lv, vastagon szedett betk azonos hangot jellnek. er i tsz you chair live three blue square minute thank two where visit through there think - 57 -

5. Lecke 5. Lecke Els rsz j szavak letter letr levl book buk knyv post-office pouszt ofisz posta pen pen toll (reszkz) kitchen kicsn konyha week ovk ht (idtartam) man men frfi, ember Hungary hngri Magyarorszg son szn fia (valakinek) the third Dz tszrd a harmadik Ms sorrendben Hungary hngri Magyarorszg kitchen kicsn konyha post-office pouszt ofisz posta son szn fia (valakinek) pen pen toll (reszkz) the third Dz tszrd a harmadik week ovk ht (idtartam) book buk knyv letter letr levl man men frfi, ember Ellenrizd sikerlt A harmadik the third konyha kitchen knyv book frfi man - 58 e megjegyezned az j szavakat

fia (valakinek) son levl letter toll pen posta post-office ht (idtartam) week Magyarorszg Hungary Gyakorlat The third car is red. A harmadik kocsi piros. Mother is in the kitchen. Anya a konyhban van. This man has a book. Ennek a frfinak van egy knyve. I live in Hungary. Magyaroszgon lek. I often go to the post-office. Gyakran megyek a postra. My son is at school. A fiam iskolban van. A long letter egy hossz levl. A nice pen. Egy szp toll. A good week. egy j ht. Ptold a szavakat A postn dolgozik. She works at the post-office. Magyaroszg szp orszg. Hungary is a nice country. Ezt a tollat mindig elviszi a munkba. He always takes this pen to work. Ez a harmadik hz az utcnban. It s the third house in the street. A fiunk iskolba jr. Our son goes to school. A htnek ht napja van. A week has seven days. Levelet akarok rni anymnak. I want to write a letter to my mother. Van egy knyv az asztalon. There is a book on the table. Az apjuk a konyhban van. Their father is in the kitchen. Fordtsd angolra Ez egy zld toll. It s a green pen. Ez a frfi s a fia minden nap busszal This man and his son go to work by mennek a munkba. bus every day. A posta az lloms kzelben van. The post-office is near the station. - 59 -

Ngy knyv van a konyhban. Van nhny szp vros Magyarorszgon. Ez a levl neked jtt (van). Tetszik (kedvelem) a harmadik hz(at). A ht napjai Monday mndi Tuesday tjzdiWednesday ovenzdi Thursday tszrzdi Friday frjdi Saturday szetrdiSunday szndi There are four books in the kitchen. There are some nice towns in Hungary. This letter is for you. I like the third house. mndj htf tjzdj kedd ovenzdj szerda tszrzdj cstrtk frjdj pntek szetrdj szombat szndj vasranp A ht napjainak neve eltt az on elljrt hasznljuk. Magyarul az -on, -en, -n ragokat

illesztjk -e szavakhoz. A ht napjainak nevt az angolban mindig nagy kezdbetvel rjuk. Egsztsd ki a mondatokat Szerdn rendszerint reggel megyek oda. On Wednesday I usually go there in the morning. Apmat szombaton akarom megltogatni. I want to visit my father on Saturday. Jrsz vasrnap templomba? Do you go to church on Sunday? Kedden mindig otthon vagyunk. On Tuesday we are always at home. Rendszerint pnteken rok anymnak I usually write a letter to my mother levelet. On Friday. Nem szeretek htfn munkba menni. I don t like to go to work on Monday. Rendszerint hov jrsz cstrtkn? Where do you usually go on Thursday? Ha a ht napja eltt az every sz ll, akkor nem hasznljuk az every Monday htfnknt, minden htfn every Sunday vasrnaponknt, minden vasrnap - 60 on elljrt:

j igk to to to to tu talk (to/with) tu tk Beszlni, beszlgetni (valakivel) read tu rd olvasni, elolvasni come tu km jnni, eljnni love tu lv (nagyon) szeretni understand tu ndrsztend megrteni, rteni

Ms sorrendben to tu to to to talk (to/with) tu tk Beszlni, beszlgetni (valakivel) understand tu ndrsztend megrteni, rteni read tu rd olvasni, elolvasni love tu lv (nagyon) szeretni come tu km jnni, eljnni

Gyakorlat She reads a book every Sunday Minden vasranap knyvet olvas. This man loves his son. Ez a frfi szereti a fit. He comes to the post-office Cstrtknknt jn a postra. every Thursday. We often talk to our sons. Gyakran beszlgetnk a fiainkkal. Do you understand it? rted (ezt?) Ptold az igket Gyakran beszlgetsz desanyddal? Do you often talk to your mother? ltalban mikor jn be a hivatalba? When does he usually come to the office? Milyen knyveket szeretnek olvasni? What books do they like to read? Nagyon szeretek erre a trre menni. I love to go to this square. Megrted az desanydat? Do you understand your mother? Fordtsd angolra Nagyon szereti a fiunkat. (lny) She loves our son. Minden vasranp eljn hozztok. (fi) He comes to your house every Sunday. Gyakran beszlgetek az apjukkal. I often talk to their father. - 61 -

Ezt nem rtem. I don t understand it. El akarom olvasni ezt a knyvet. I want to read this book. Figyelmesen olvasd el a kvetkez mondatot: I always visit my mother at five o clock Minden vasranp tkor ltogatom meg on Sunday. az desanymat. Ha a mondatban kt idhatroz van, akkor els helyre a pontos meghatrozs kerl (fordtva, mint a magyarban): este nyolckor at eight in the evening. htfn hatkor at six on Monday. Most egy olyan sz, melynek jelentse ersen fgg a szvegkrnyezettl Right all right to the right to be right on the right rjt l rjt tu Dz rjt tu b rjt on Dz rjt helyes, j, megfelel jl van, rendben van jobbra igaznak lenni jobboldalt, a jobb oldalon Gyakorlat Is this the right bus? Look to the right! There is a school on the right. All right! We are going there now. I think you re right. Ez a megfelel busz? Nzz jobbra! Jobboldalt van egy iskola. Jl van! Most odamegynk. Azt hiszem, igazad van. Az olyan cselekvsek lersra, amelyek nem szoksosak vagy rendszeresen ismtldek, hanem a beszd pillanatban zajlanak, a folyamatos jelen idt (Present Continous Tense ) [preznt kntinjusz tensz] hasznljuk. Ezt az igeidt hrom esetben alkalmazzuk, amint azt az 5-6. lecke folyamn megtanulja. Elszr azonban lssuk hogyan pl fel a folymatos jelen idej mondat: I am opening the door. He is going home. These people are reading books. Nyitom az ajtt. Hazafel megy. Ezek az emberek knyveket olvasnak.

- 62 -

Alany + a to be ige + megfelel alakja ige ( -ing vgzdssel) + trgy (vagy egybb bvtmny) I HeThese people am is are opening going reading the door. home. books. Ebben az igeidben a to be igt nem fordtjuk le sz szerint. A to be rsze az lltmnynak, csak a mondatszerkesztshez van r szksg. A Present Continuous igeidt teht akkor hasznljuk, ha olyan tevkenysget neveznk meg, amely a beszd pillanatban ppen zajlik. Ennek hangslyozsra a kvetkez idhazrozkkal van lehetsg: now nau most at the moment et Dz moumnt ebben a/jelen pillanatban, jelenleg just dzsszt ppen, ppen most. Gyakorlat We are visiting the church now. Most ltogatunk el a templomhoz. She is waiting for her mother Jelen pillanatban az desanyjt at the moment. vrja. They are just reading books. ppen knyvet olvasnak. My father is giong for a walk now. Apm most megy stlni. He is driving to work a Jelen pillanatban munkba megy the moment. kocsival. A just hatrozsz a folyamatos ( -ing vg) ige eltt ll, mg a now z az at the

moment a mondat elejn vagy vgn tallhat. Egsztsd ki a megfelel igvel Mary most a boltba megy. Mary is going to the shop now. Jelenleg stlunk a tren. We are walking on the square at the moment. ppen rd vrnak. They are just waiting for you. Apm most ezt a knyvet olvassa. My father is reading this book now. Az a lny ppen ezt a piros hzat nzi. That girl is just looking at this

house. - 63 -

Jelen pillanatban a fiamat viszem At the moment I am taking my son Iskolba. to school. Fordtsd angolra Most ezen a szp tren vagyunk (ltogatunk We are visiting this nice square now. el). ppen most lpnek be az iskolba. They are just entering the school. Anym ebben a pillanatban nyitja ki a boltot. My mother is opening the shop at the moment. A fiaink most vezetnek. Our sons are driving now. John ppen Mary-vel beszlget. John is just talking with Mary. Most otthon dolgozom. I am working at home now. Jelen pillanatban desapdra vrsz. At the moment you are waiting for your father. A Present Continuous igeidben is inverzival alkothatunk krdseket. John is reading a book now. Is john reading a book now? John most knyvet olvas? We are just going home. Are we just going home? ppen hazamegynk? She is taking a bus to work at Is she taking a bus to work at Ebben a pillanatba n busszal the moment. the moment? megy munkba? Fordtsd angolra Ebben a pillanatban a fival beszlget? (lny) Is she talking to the boy at the moment ? Pillanatnyilag rd vrnak? Are they waiting for you at the moment? Most otthon dolgozol? Are you working at home now? Most stlni megynk? Are we going for a walk now? Ebben a pillanatban ezeket a lnyokat nzi? Is he looking at these girls at the mome nt? Krd nvmsokat is tehetnk a krd mondat elejre John is going for a walk now. Where is John going now? Most hov megy John? You are reading a letter at the What are you reading at the Mit olvasol jelenleg ? moment. moment? My mother is just working. Who is just working? Most ppen ki dolgozik? - 64 -

Fordtsd angolra Mit vesznek el most? What are they taking now? Mit ltogat meg most? (fi) What is he visiting now? Hov vezet (autt) ebben a pillanatban? Where is she driving at the moment? Ki r ppen levelet anynak? Who is just writing a letter to mother? Igenl s a nemleges rvid vlaszok a yes/no szavakkal kezddnek, amelyeket a szemlyes nvms, majd a to be megfelel alakja kvet, s ehhez kapcsoldik a not szcska, ha a vlasz tagad. A tagad mondatokban a to be megfelel alakjt kveti a not tagadsz. Gyakorlat Are you going home now? Yes, I am. No, I am not. I am not going home now. Is she looking at this building at the moment? Yes, she is. No, she isn t. She is not looking at this building at the moment. Are they visiting the church now? Yes, they are. No, they aren t. They aren t visiting the church now. Egsztsd ki a megfelel szavakkal Are you going for a walk Yes, I am. now? Most hazamsz? Igen. Nem. Most nem haza megyek. Ebben a pillanatban ezt az pletet nzi. Igen. Nem. Nem ezt az pletet nzi ebben a pillanatban.

ppen most nzik meg a templomot? Igen. Nem. Most nem a templomhoz ltogatnak el. No, I am not. I am not going for a walk now. Is she just entering the Yes, she is. No, she isn t. She isn t just entering the school? school. - 65 -

Are you driving home Yes, we are. No, we aren t We aren t driving home now. now? Is my father talking with Mary at the moment. Yes, he is. No, he isn t. My father isn t talking with Mary at the moment. Are they reading letters now? Yes, they are. No, they aren t. They are not reading letters now. Is John working in the office now? Yes, he is No, he isn t John is not working in the office now. Are you just taking a bus to school? Yes, I am. No, I am not. I am not just taking a bus to school. j szavak England inglnd Anglia Hungarian hngerin magyar English inglis angol to speak Hungarian tu szpk hngerin magyarul beszlni to speak English tu szpk inglis angolul beszlni what time ? ovot tjm mikor?, hny ra(kor)? here hir itt, ide little litl kis, kicsi, kevs twenty toventi hsz Gyakorlat England isn t a big country. Anglia nem nagy orszg. I love Hungarian towns. Nagyon szeretem a magyar vrosokat. This is an English car. Ez egy angol kocsi. My father is speaking Hungarian now. Apm most magyarul beszl. Their son doesn t speak English A fiuk nem beszl angolul amikor when he s in Hungary. Magyarorszgon van. What time is it now? Most hny ra van? My son is here, in this room. a fiam itt van, ebben a szobban. I have little time to visit you. Kevs idm van arra, hogy megltogassalak. Ten and ten are twenty. Tz meg tz az hsz. - 66 -

Ptold a hinyz szavakat desanyja most Angliban van. (fi) His mother is in England now. Beszlsz magyarul? Do you speak Hungarian? Nem. Angolul beszlnk. No, we don t. We speak English. Hny rakor megy (van) a vonat Budapestre? What time is the train to Budapest? A knyved itt van. You book is here. Egy kisvrosban lakunk. We live in a little town. Hsz levl van az asztalon. There are twenty letters on the table. Ha a mondatbl vilgosan kiderl, hogy a cselekmny a beszd pillanatban zajlik, akkor a now, at the moment s a just el is hagyhat. Pldk Where are you going? Hov mentek? We re going home. Haza. Are they waiting for John? John ra vrnak? Yes, they are. Igen. Fordtsd angolra Mary-nek rsz levelet? Are you writing a letter to Mary? Igen. Yes, I am. Hov viszed ezt a szket? Where are you taking this chair? Ezt a szket a konyhba viszem. I m taking this chair to the kitchen. Mit olvasol? What are you reading? Knyvet olvasok. I m reading a book. Iskolba mentek? Are you going to school? Igen. Yes, we are. A lecke utols rszben ismtlnk A fiuk most megy kocsival Magyarorszgra. Their son is drivint to Hungary now. Most megyek a postra. I am going to the post-office now. Tetszenek (szeretem) az angol konyhk(at). I like English kitchens. Kt zld tolla van. (finak) He has two green pens. Most hov megy ez a frfi? Where is this man going now? Nem szeretem a htfket. I don t like Mondays. - 67 -

A szerda a harmadik nap a hten. Wednesday is the third day in the week. Most angol knyvet olvas? Is he reading an English book now? Anym rendszerint nem rti a leveleimet. My mother doesn t usually understand my letters. ppen jn a vonatunk. Our train is just coming. Cstrtkn nyolckor mindig a fiamat At eight on Thursday I always visit my son. megyek ltogatni. Most ki vr rd? Who is waiting for you now? Hny rakor lpsz be az iskolba minden What time do you enter the school every day? nap? Ezzek a fik most azokkal a lnyokkal Are these boys talking to those girls now? beszlgetnek? Beszlsz angolul? Do you speak english? - 68 -

5. Lecke Msodik rsz j szavak eye j szem mouth mautsz szj daughter dtr lnya (valakinek) baby bjbi kisbaba, csecsem month mntsz hnap tomorrow tmorou holnap desk deszk rasztal bed bed gy Ms sorrendben eye j szem tomorrow tmorou holnap daughter dtr lnya (valakinek) month mntsz hnap desk deszk rasztal mouth mautsz szj bed bed gy baby bjbi kisbaba, csecsem Gyakorlat She has blue eyes. Kk szeme van. (Kk a szeme.) My baby is in the third room. Az n kisbabm a harmadik szobban van. You mouth is red. Piros a szd. My daughter is reading a book now. A lnyom most knyvet olvas. It is Monday tomorrow. Holnap htf. One month has four weeks. Egy hnapban (hnapnak) ngy ht (hete) van. There are three beds in the room. Hrom gy van a szobban. Her desk is good. J az rasztala. - 69 -

Egsztsd ki Most a lnyval beszlget. (n) Now she is talking with her daughter. Jl van a kisbaba? Is the baby all right? Apa az gyban van. father is in his bed. Holnap pntek. It is Friday tomorrow. Az rasztalom nagy. My desk is big. Szp hnapunk van. We have a nice month. Zld a szeme s kicsi a szja. She has green eyes and a little mouth. (Zld szeme s kicsi szja van-(lnynak). Ne felejtsd, a to go to bed aludni tr, lefekszik . kifejezst rtelmezhetjk gy is, hogy az gyba megy vagy

Az angol a pros testrszeket, pl.: szem, fl, stb. tbbes szmban hasznlja! Fordtsd angolra Ennek a kisbabnak zld a szeme s nagy a szja. big mouth. A lnynak kt fia van. (frfinak) His Le akarok fekdni. I want to go to bed. Nincs rasztalom a szobban. I have no Holnap kedd. It is Tuesday tomorrow. Most milyen hnap van? What month is it Tudjuk mr, hogy az This baby has green eyes and a daughter has two sons. desk in the room. now? -ba, -be, bele . out of

into elljr magyarul az jelenti:

Ennek az ellenkezjt, azaz a valamibl ki, kifel Pldk

fogalmt az

[aut ov] fejezi ki.

He is coming into the kitchen now. Jn befel a konyhba. He is going out of the kitchen now. Megy kifel a konyhbl. She is taking the baby out of the car now. Most veszi ki a kisbabt az autbl. A lecknek ebben a rszben a folyamatos jelen id msik hasznlatt is megismerjk. Ennl a hasznlatnl mr jv idrl beszlhetnk, hiszen olyan cselekmnyrl van sz, amelynek megtrtntt megterveztk, ezrt biztosan be fog kvetkezni. Az ilyen mondatokat magyarra jelen vagy jv idej mondattal fordthatjuk. - 70 -

Pldk Tomorrow I m going to my mother. Holnap elmegyek anymhoz. On Friday we are writing the letter to you. Pnteken megrjuk neked a levelet. Tomorrow we are opening a shop. Holnap megnyitunk egy zletet. On Thursday they re working at home. Cstrtkn otthon fognak dolgozni. A jvre utalva a kvetkez hatrozkat hasznlhatjuk: Next nekszt kvetkez, jv in in (bizonyos idn) bell, mlva Ezekkel a hatrozkkal az albbi kefejezsek gyakoriak: next week a jv hten next month a jv hnapban next Saturday jv szombaton in an hour egy ra mulva in two days kt nap mlva in three weeks hrom ht mlva Gyakorlat Next Monday I m taking you to England. Jv htfn Angliba viszlek. I m going to Hungary in two days. Kt nap mlva Magyarorszgra megyek. Fordtsd angolra Jv hten anymhoz megynk. Next week we are going to my mother. Holnap dlutn ezt a knyvet olvasom (majd). I m reading this book tomorrow afternoon. Szombaton nem kocsival megyek munkba. On Saturday I m not taking the car to work. (nem veszem ignybe a kocsit.) Hov mennek a jv hnapban? Where are they going next month? Hrom ht mlva Angliba megynk. We are visiting England in three weeks. Holnap reggel stlni megyek. I m going for a walk tomorrow morning. Jn hozzd szerdn? (fi) Is he coming to you on Wednesday? - 71 -

Figyeld meg a klnbsgeket In the morning reggel tomorrow morning holnap reggel in the afternoon dlutn tomorrow afternoon holnpa dlutn Szemlyes nvmsok alany, trgy, s birtokos esetben Alanyeset Birtokos eset Trgy- (s rszes) eset I you n my te, n your az n -,m me a te -d az n -a, -e you m j engem, nekem he she it we you they (hmn.) his (nn.) her , ez az (seml. n.) its mi our ti, nk your k their az -a, -e him az -a, -e her a(z) a, -e it ami -nk us a te -tek, .tok az nk ..-a, -e you az -uk, -k them him hr it sz j Dzem t neki t neki azt, annak minket, neknk titeket, nektek, nket, nknek ket, nekik Gyakorold a nvmsokat, amikor trgy- (ill.. rszes-) esetbe kerlnek I m just talking to him. ppen vele (neki) beszlek. She loves me. Nagyon szeret engem. I don t understand her. Nem rtem t.

His father likes us. Az desapja kedvel minket. I m writing a letter to them now. Most rok nekik levelet. We are talking about it now. Most arrl beszlnk. Az utols mondatban j elljrval tallkozunk: about baut -rl, -rl Egsztsd ki a megfelel nvmsokkal Szeretlek tged. I love you. ppen rla beszlek. I m just speaking about him. tged, neked, nt, nnek - 72 -

Ismered t? Do you know her? Holnap velnk jssz ( msz ) iskolba? Are you going to school with us tomorrow? Ki nz most rm? Who is looking at me now? Nem akarok rla beszlgetni. I don t want to talk about him. Holnap Budapestre viszem ket. I m taking them to Budapest tomorrow. ppen errl olvasok I m just reading about it. Holnap Mary veled megy stlni? Is Mary going for a walk with you tomorrow? j igk to give tu giv adni, odaadni to send tu szend kldeni to show tu sou mutatni, megmutatni Gyakorlat He is giving me his pen now. Most adja ide nekem a tollt. I am just sending a letter. ppen levelet kldk. They are showing their apartment now. Most mutatjk meg a laksukat. Egsztsd ki a megfelel nvmsokkal Most adom oda neked a knyvemet. I am giving you my book now. (fi) ppen most r neki (lnynak) levelet. He is just writing a letter to her. Nem rluk s a kocsijaikrl beszlnk. We are not talking about them and their cars. Egy ht mlva elviszlek az desanymhoz. In a week I am taking you to my mother. Most szmok kvetkeznek 11-tl 19 ig 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 ilevn eleven tovelv twelve tszrtn thirteen frtn fourteen fiftn fifteen sziksztn sexteen szevntn seventeen

- 73 -

18 jtn eighteen 19 njntn nineteen Gyakorlat 17 nap seventeen days 16 ht mlva in sexteen weeks 12 hnap twelve months 18 nap mlva in eighteen days 15 fi fifteen boys 11 perc eleven minutes 13 plet thirteen buildings 19 aut nineteen cars 14 hnap mlva in fourteen months Ismteljk t az eddig tanultakat. Fordtsd angolra Msz hozz ( a hzba ) holnap? Are you going to his house tomorrow? Hov kldd a levelt? (lnyt) Where are you sending her letter? Jv hten tizen t napra Angliba visszk Next week we are taking them to England for ket. fifteen days. Jobboldalt a harmadik hznak tizenkt The third house on the right has twelve szobja van. rooms. ppen most viszem a kisbabjukat a I m just taking their baby to the kitchen. konyhba. Van egy toll az rasztalodon. There is a pen on your desk. Ennek a frfinak kt lnya van. This man has two daughters. Nem rtek angolul. I don t understand English. Neked akarom adni a knyveimet. I want to give you my books. Nagyon szeretnk vasrnap stlni menni. We love to go for a walk on Sunday. Minden pnteken megltogatom a fiamat. I visit my son every Friday. Most nem nznek rnk. They aren t looking at us now. Kinek szpek a szemei? Who has nice eyes? Most nem olvasom ezt a knyvet. I m not reading this book now. ppen most rok apnknak levelet. I m just writing a letter to our father. Most a te lnyodrl beszlnek? Are they talking about your daughter now? - 74 -

Jelen pillanatban nem neki mutatjuk meg a At the moment we are not showing her o ur hznunkat. house. Szombaton mindig eljvnk hozzd. On Saturday we always come to you. Hol van? Where is it? Tudsz rla? Do you know about it? Kiejtsi gyakorlat j ou e e Friday we post enter man all right see go seven understand behind read tomorrow every moment - 75 -

6. Lecke 6. Lecke Els rsz j szavak sister szisztr nvr, lnytestvr hand hend kz money mni pnz question koveszcsn krds way ovj t, md(szer) garden grdn kert fish fis hal suit szt ltny animal eniml llat to eat tu t enni, tkezni Ms sorrendben garden grdn kert way ovj t, md(szer) to eat tu t enni, tkezni question koveszcsn krds fish fis hal money mni pnz animal eniml llat sister szisztr nvr, lnytestvr hand hend kz suit szt ltny Nhny kifejezs to ask a question feltenni egy krdst, krdezni valamit this way erre, ezen az ton which way merre, milyen ton - 76 -

Gyakorlat My sister is a nice girl. A nvrem kedves lny. I don t want to eat this fish. Nem akarom megenni ezt a halat. Tomorrow we are going to her garden. Holnap elmegynk a kertjbe. Do you want to ask him this queation? Meg akarod ez krdezni tle? I haven t money. Nincs pnzem. Their suits are green. Az ltnyeik zldek. That woman has nice hands. Annak a nnek szp kezei vannak. Have you animals at home? Vannak otthon llataid? The way to this town is long. Ebben a vrosban hossz az t. Egsztsd ki Apmnak kt nvre van. My father has two sister. A pnze az asztalon van. Her money is on the table. Anynk s apnk most a kertben stl. Our mother and father are walking in the garden now. Most ki tesz fel neki krdst? Who is asking him a question now? Oda akarom adni nekik ezeket az ltnyket. I want to give them these suits. Jelen pillanatban halat esznk. We are eating a fish at the moment. Egy ht mlva elvisszk az llatainkat In a week we are taking our a kertbe. our animals to the garden. A btydnak az n knyvem van a Your brother has my book in kezben. his hand. n erre megyek. I m going this way. Fordtsd angolra Most a kertnkben vagyok. I m in our garden now. A nvred szeret halat enni. Your sister likes to eat fish. Pnz van a kezben. (finak) He has money in this hand. Szp az ltnyd. Your suit is nice. Nem rtem a krdsedet. I don t understand your question. Rendszerint milyen tvonalon msz Which way do you usually go to work? munkba? Szeretem a nagy llatokat. I love big animals. - 77 -

Most lssuk azt a a harmadik esetek, amikor a Present Continuous igeid hasznljuk. Ez

akkor fordul el, amikor a cselekvs a jelenben zajlik, s eltr a szoksotl, kivtelnek sz Ilyenkor a kvetkez idhatrozkat hasznljuk: Today this (week, month) Gyakorlat I usually go to work by bus, but today I am going by car. We usually eat at home, but this week we are eating at a restaurant. This month I m writing letters to my sister. He usually ready book in the evenings, but today he is going for a walk. but bt Egsztsd ki Anym renszerint nyolcig dolgozik, de ma tig (dolgozik). Reggel gyakran megyek az iskolba, de ma reggel vsrolni megyek. Az apjuk szeret knyvet olvasni dlutnonknt, de ma az desanyjt ltogatja meg. Ebben a hnapban nem vezetem a kocsit. Ma nem dolgozunk, hanem a fiunkat visszk Budapestre. Fordtsd angolra Rendszeritn gyalog megyek munkba, de am apm elvisz (engem) kocsival. Nem szeretem megltogatni ez a fit, de ezen a hten oda megyek (hozz). Rendszerint reggel jrnak munkba, de ma dlutn mennek. ma ezen/ebben a (hten, hnapban) Rendszerint busszal jrok munkba, de ma

kocsival megyek. ltalban otthon esznk, de ezen a hten tteremben tkeznk. Ebben a hnapban a nvremnek rok leveleket. Estnknt rendszerint knyvet olvas, de ma stlni mgy. de, hanem My mother usually works to eight, but today she is working to five. I often go to school in the morning, but this morning I am going shopping. Their father likes to read books in the afternoons, but today he is visiting his mother. This month I am not driving the car. Today we are not working, but we are taking our son to Budapest. I usually walk to work, but today my father is taking me by car. I don t like to visit this boy, but this week I m going there. They usually go to work in the morning, but today they are going in the afternoon. - 78 -

Nem szeretek a nvrre vrni, de ma I don t like to wait for his sister, but today I megvrom (vrok.) am waiting. Ebben a hnapban elviszem t Angliba. This month I m taking him to England. (fit) j igk to fly tu flj replni, replvel utazni to bring tu brin(g) hozni, elhozni to smile (at) tu szmjl mosolyogni (valakire) Pldk: Tomorrow I m flying to Berlin Holnap Berlinbe replk. He often brings her books. Gyakran hozza a knyveit (lnyt). That girl is just smiling at you. Az a lny ppen rd mosolyog. Fordtsd angolra Holnap Londonba replk. Tomorrow I m flying to London. Ez a fi mindig mosolyog rm. This boy always smiles at me. Apa a msodik szobba hozza az asztalt. Father is bringing the table to the second room. j szavak Plane pljn repl(gp) aeroplane erpljn replgp name njm nv bedroom bedrm hlszoba sometimes szmtjmz idnknt, nha Az angolban is . Egsztsd ki Idnknt ltom a nvrket. I sometimes see their sister. Ebben a hzban hrom hlszoba van. There are three bedrooms in this house. Hogy hvnak?/Mi a neved? What is your name? - 79 az n nevem vagy engem -nak hvank fordtsa egyarnt my name

Hogy hvjk ket?/Mi a nevk? What are they names? Szeretek relvel menni. I like to go by plane. Vannak olyan igk, amilyeket nem hasznlhatunk Folyamatos jelen idvel. Ezek olyan igk, melyek rzkelst vagy rzelmeket fejeznek ki: to see ltni to know tudni, ismerni to like szeretni, kedvelni to think gondolni, gondolkodni to want akarni to have birtokolni to understand megrteni to be lenni Pldk I know his siter. Ismerem a nvrt. I don t understand him. Nem rtem t. I like you. Kedvellek. Mg akkor is a Present Simple igeidt kell hasznlni az ilyen mondatokban, ha szerepel bennk a now, just, at the moment kifejezs. At the moment I don t see him. I don t know it now. I don t understand you now. Egsztsd ki az igkkel Most mr tudom, hogy holnap Budapestre megy. Ezen a hten kedden ltom t. Apnk most nem dolgozik a kertben. Hov utaznak replvel holnap a nvrei? Ezek az emberek mindig dolgoznak szombaton. Jelenleg nem ltom t. Most nem tudom. Most nem rtelek.

Now I know he is going to Budapest tomorrow. This week I see her on Tuesday. Our father is not working in the garden now. Where are his sisters flying tomorrow? These people always work on Saturday. Nem akarnak velnk odamenni. They don t want to go there with us. - 80 -

Most ki dolgozik a msodik szobban? A fiunk rendszerint dlutn tkor jn haza, de ma kettkor jn. Most nem akar iskolba menni. Ez az ra redszerint az n szobmban van, de ma az hlszobjaban van. Who is working in the second room now? Our son usually comes home at five in the afternnon, but today he is coming at two. She doesn t want to go to school now. This clock is usually in my room, but today it is in his bedroom. Azok a fnevek, amelyek egyes szmban s, -sh, -ch, -x re vgzdnek, tbbes szmot egy

-es hozzadsval kapnak, amelyet azutn [iz]-nek ejtnk. Bus bsz buses bsziz church csrcs churches csrcsiz Amennyiben a krdses fnv [iz] nek olvassuk. house office hausz ofisz houses hauziz offices ofisziz to teach Ugyan ez a sztu tcs ably vonatkozik az itantani gkre is he teaches h tcsiz Az es vgzds hasznlatos akkor is, ha az ige fnvi igenvi alakja o-ra vgzdik e re vgzdik, csupn egy s t kap, s ezt a vgzdst is

to go to gou menni she goes s gouz Egsztsd ki Pcsett pirosak a buszok. In Pcs buses are red. Az lloms utcban szpek a hzak. Houses in Station Street are nice. Anym angolt tant egy iskolban. My mother teaches English in a school. Tizenegy iroda van ebben az pletben. There are eleven offices in this building.

A nvrem el akar ltogatni azokba My sister wants to visit those a templomokba. churches. Pter minden kedden oda megy. Peter goes there every Tuesday. - 81 -

j igk to to to to keep tu kp tartani pay (for) tu pj fizetni, kifizetni (valamit) hear tu hir hallanai try tu trj prblni, megprblni

Gyakorlat Mary keeps an animal at home. Mary tart otthon egy llatot. Her sister teaches them to read every day. A nvre minden nap tantja ket olvasni. Who pays for the books? Ki fezeti ki a knyveket? Do you hear my father in the garden? Hallod apmat a kertben? They are just trying to ask you a question. ppen egy krdst prblnak feltenni neked. Fordtsd angolra Most prblnak egy hossz levelet rni az They are trying to write a long letter to desanyjuknak. their mother now. Tartasz otthon llatokat? Do you keep animals at home? Holnap kifizetjk ezeket a hzakat. Tomorrow we are paying for these houses. Az apjnak irodi vannak ebben az pletben. His father has offices in this building. Ki prbl kimenni a kerbl? Who trying to go out of the garden? Van nhny szp templom Budapesten? There are some nice churches in Budapest. Az y-ra vgzd fnevek tbbesszmnl ha a szvgi y eltt mssalhangz ll (egyes es vgzds kvet.

szmban), akkor az y tbbes szban i-re vltozik, amit egy baby babies bjbiz country countries kantriz factory factories fektriz

Ha az egyes szm fnv vgn ll y -t egy magnhangz elzi meg, akkor a sz tbbes szmban csupn egy -s vgzdst kap. - 82 -

Boy boys bojz way ways ovjz Ugyan ez a szably az y -ra vgzd igk esetben is to try he tries h trjz to pay she pays s pjz Egsztsd ki Mindig megprbl j lenni. He always tries to be good. ppen most fizeti ki a knyveket. She is just paying for these books. Az apjnak van nhny gyra. His father has some factories. Ezek a csecsemk nem halljk az anyjukat. These babies don t hear their mother. Ezek a fik el akarnak ltogatni These boys want to visit some nhny orszgba. countries. Figyelem: a to hear igt nem lehet folyamatos jelen idben hasznlni.

Fordtsd angora. Ezek a fik nem akarnak hazamenni. These boys don t want to go home. A kisbabi most a kertben vannak. (frfi) His babies are in the garden now. Megprbl minden nap egy knyvet elolvasni. She tries to read one book every day. (lny) Minden hten kldnk nekik t levelet. Every week we send them five letters. Azokban az orszgokban az emberek kicsi In those countries people live in little h ouses. hzakban laknak. Nem akarom ezeket a fikat megkrni, hogy I don t want to ask these boys to write it. rjk meg. Minden hnapban 20 dollrt fizet nekem. He pays me 20 dollars every mont. Ezek a gyrak nagyok. These factories are big. A felszlt md Ha megparancsoljuk valakinek, hogy vgezzen el valamit, akkor az ige ell elhagyjuk a to szcskt s semmilyen vgzdst sem tesznk hozz. Pl.: Go home! gou houm Menj haza! Menjetek haza! - 83 -

Read this book! Olvasd el ezt a knyvet! Olvasstok el ezt a knyvet! Bring me a chair! Hozz nekem egy szket! Hozzatok nekem egy szket! Look at my sister! Nzd a nvremet! Nzztek a nvremet! Think about it! Gondolkodj rajta! Gondolkodjatok rajta! Teach me! Tants engem! Tantsatok engem! Az angolban mind az egyes, mind a tbbes szm 2. szemlyben ugyanazt a felszltst hasznljuk. Ha a felszltunkat krss kvnjuk szelidteni, akkor hozztesszk a please [plz] krem, lgy szves, legyen szves szt. Ask him for it, please. Krd el tle, krlek. Pay for this bicycle, please. Fizesd ki ezt a biciklit, lgy szves. Ha arra akarunk utastani, vagy krni valakit, hogy ne tegyen meg valamit, akkor a d on t segdigt tesszk az ige el. Itt is hasznlhat a please sz. Don t open the window! Ne nyisd ki az ablakot! Don t go out of yur room! Ne menjetek ki a szobtokbl! Dont t think about it, please. Krlek, ne goldolj r. Don t show me this book, please. Krlek ne mutasd meg nekem ezt a knyvet. Nyisd ki ezt az ajtt! Open this door! Menj stlni! Go for a walk! Krlek, ne menj kocsival. Don t go by car, please. Prbld megvenni! Try to buy it! Vrj meg, lgy szves! Wait for me, please. Ne vidd el a kocsimat! Don t take my car! Ne beszlj ezzel a lnnyal, lgy szves! Don t talk to this girl, please. Ne dolgozz este! Don t work in the evening! Ksznd meg neki! Thank her for it! Lgy szves, kldd el ezt a levelet. Send this letter, please. - 84 -

krle

6. Lecke Msodik rsz Ebben a rszben mr csak ismtlnk Mary: What is your name? Peter: My name is Peter. Barbara: Is it Sunday today? John: No, it is Monday, the second day in the week. Barbara: Isn t Monday the first day in the week? John: No, Sunday is the first day in the week in England. Tom: Do you like Saturday? Mary: Yes, I do. On Saturday I always go to town so I usually have some time to visit my sister. Tom: When do you usually go shopping? Mary: I go into some shops on Tuesday and Wednesday. John: What is her name? Barbara: Her name is Sheila. John: It s a nice name. Some little babies have nice names. She is smiling at you. Barbara: She always smiles at me to show me as he loves me. Mary: Who is working here? Peter: I am working here. I m writing a letter. Tom: Tomorrow they are going to Budapest to pay for the houses. Barbara: But where are they now? Tom: This morning they are going to the post-office. They are going there now?

Mary: I want to ask you a question: which way are Tom and Peter going to the off ice now? John: Ask my father, please. I think he knows it. Peter: What do you see now? Barbara: I see a man, a woman and a little boy. Peter: Is she talking to the man at the moment? Barbara: Yes, she is. Peter: All right. I m going there now. Wait for me in the garden. Mary: When do you want to go to England? John: I want to go there next year, but I don t know English. Barbara: Is the first house your house? Tom: No, Peter has the first house and John has the third. Our house hasn t a gard en. It is the second. - 85 -

Ezeket a leveleket pnteken akarom I want to send these letters on Friday. elkldeni. Fordtsd angolra Ez a knyv a tid (neked jtt) This book is for you. gy gondolom, (hogy) ez a levl hossz. I think this letter is long. Fogd ezt a tollat s rj neki egy levelet. Take this pen and write a letter to her. (lnynak) Magyarorszg s Anglia szp orszgok. Hungary and England are nice countries. Szombaton stlni megyek. On Saturday I m going for a walk. Gyakran esznk a kertben. We often eat in the garden. Ki szeret nagyon knyvet olvasni? Who loves to read books? Szerdn kilenckor mindig otthon vagyok. At nine on Wednesday I m always at home. ppen kifel megynk a hzbl. We are just going out of the house. Most prblja elolvasni? Is he trying to read it now? Mary most nem megy (ltogat el) ebbe a Mary is not visiting this church now. templomba. Mennyi most az id? What time is it now? Tudok magyarul, de nem tudok angolul. I know Hungarian, but I don t know English. Ki beszl angolul? Who speaks English? Ezek a kisbabk itt vannak. These little babies are here. A hlszobmban van egy gy s egy There is a bed and desk in my bedroom. rasztal. A lnynak kk a szeme s piros a szja. His daughter has blue eyes and a red mouth. (frfinak) Anym most a konyhban dolgozik. My mother is working in the kitchen now. A jv hnapban replvel utaznak Next month they are flying by plane to England. Angliba. Tz nap mlva eljvnk hozzjuk. We are coming to them in ten days. Holnap magaddal viszel minket? Are you taking us with you tomorrow? Lgy szves, add neki oda ezt a biciklit. Give him this bicycle, please. A nvre most a kertben stl. Her sister is walking in the garden now. Van egy zld ltnye. He has a green suit. A ( egy ) hal is egy llat. A fish is also an animal. Akarsz tlem krdezni valamit? Do you want to ask me a question? - 86 -

gy gondolod, (hogy) ez helyes Do you think it s a good way to get this money? mdszer arra, hogy ezt a pnzt megszerezd? Rendszerint dolgozom htfn, de ma I usually work on Mondays, but today I am not nem dolgozom. working. Ki mosolyog rm? Who is smiling at me? Hozd el ezt a pnzt nekem! Bring me this money! Mi a neve? (fi) What is his name? Most nem ltom. I don t see it now. Kiejtsi gyakorlat u j e j i good way keep hand try sister book pay teach man my office look day eat animal I this baby read five visit - 87 -

7. Lecke 7. Lecke Els rsz j szavak brother brDzr (fi)testvr, fivr friend frend bart, trs horse hrsz l ship sp haj cigarette szigret cigaretta the fourth Dz frtsz a negyedik year jir v foot fut lb(fej) radio rjdiou rdi song szon(g) dal, nek music mjzik zene, muzsika family femili csald Ms sorrendben year jir v ship sp haj family femili csald horse hrsz l friend frend bart, trs radio rjdiou rdi music mjzik zene, muzsika brother brDzr (fi)testvr, fivr cigarette szigret cigaretta song szon(g) dal, nek the fourth Dz frtsz a negyedik foot fut lb(fej) - 88 -

Gyakorlat My brother is looking at a big horse. A btym egy nagy lovat nz. Bring me your cigarettes! Hozza ide nekem a cigerettit! I hear a song on the radio. Egy dalt hallok a rdiban. We are going to England by ship tomorrow. Holnap hajval Angliba utazunk. Our family likes to visit London. A csaldunk szeret Londonba menni. My friend is coming to me this year. A bartom eljn hozzm ebben az vben. I live in the fourth house in this street. Ebben az utcban a negyedik hzban lakom. Look at his right foot! Nzd meg a jobb lbt! Do you like music? Szereted a zent? Egyik mondatban szerepel egy kifejezs. Jegyezd meg! on the radio a rdiba Illeszd be a hinyz szavakat Van rdi ebben a gyrban? Is there a radio in this farctory? Nem ismerjk ezt a csaldot. We don t know this family. Egy lovat ltok az ablakbl. I see a horse through the window. Jl van a lbad? Is your foot all right? Egy v mlva iskolba megyek. I m going to school in a year. Az cigarettik az rasztalon vannak. Their cigarettes are on the desk. vonaton s hajn szeret menni. He liket to go by tarin and by ship. a negyedik tesvrem. He is my fourth brother. desanyd szereti a zent? Does your mother like music? A bartomnak nincsenek lnytestvrei. My friend has no sisters. Szeretem ezt a dalt. I love this song. A music (zene) fnv eltt nem ll semmilyen nvel! Az of sz hasznlata A cup of coffee kp ov kofi egy cssze (a) kv(bl) a lot of cars lot ov krz sok aut a piece of paper. psz ov pjpr egy darab papr some of my friends sm ov mj frendz nhny bartom - 89 -

Ismeretelen szavak cup kp cssze coffee kofi kv a lot of lot ov sok piece psz darab paper pjpr papr Az of szt a birtokos szerkezet kpzsnl hasznljuk (valakinek/valaminek a valakije/valamije). Az angolban mennyisget, mrtket is kifejezhetnk ezzel a szerkezet tel (valamennyi valamibl/kzl) Nhny lelmiszer neve angolul tea t tea beer bir sr water ovtr vz sugar sugr cukor jam dzsem dzsem, lekvr honey hni mz cheese csz sajt bread bred kenyr butter btr vaj kv s tea coffee and tea kenyr s vaj (vajas kenyr) bread and butter sajt s dzsem cheese and jam sr s vz beer and water cukor s mz sugar and honey Mindegyik sz megszmllhatatlan fnv. Ez a kategria utal fneveket foglalja magba: folykonyak: pl.:coffee, tea, water, beer szilrd anyagok, pl.:sugar, coffee - 90 egyebek mellett az anyagokra

gzok, pl.: air [er] - leveg a fenti anyagok keverkei:bred, cheese stb. A money fnv is a megszmllhatatlan fnevek csoportjhoz tartozik. A pnznemek, pl.:

dollr, forint kifejezsek megszmllhatak. Gyakorlat Sok pnzt akarok (birtokolni). Akar kvt? Van lekvros kenyered? Az a fi mzes kenyeret eszik. A pnzem az asztalon van. I want to have a lot of money. Do you want coffee? Have you bread with jam? That boy is eatin bread with honey. My money is on the table. A mennyisg kifejezsre tovbbi kt szt hasznlunk manymuch meni mcs sok, szmos (csak megszmllhat fnevekkel ll) sok (csak megszmlalhatatlan fnevekkel ll) She has many cars. I haven t much money. Sok autja van. Nincs sok pnzem. Krdezs mennyisgre az angolban: how many? how much? hau meni hau mcs mennyi?, hny? (megszmllhat fnevek esetn) mennyi? (megszmllhatatlan fnevek esetn) How many people do you know? How much sugar do you want? Hny embert ismersz? Menyi cukrot ksz (akarsz)? Illeszd be a megfelel szavakat Neki sok angol knyve van. (lny) Nincs sok tem. Mennyi kenyeret akar n megenni? Mennyi srt akarnak hozni? Neknk sok bartunk van. Menyi tet akarsz? Hny cssze tet akar az n nvre? She has many English books. I haven t much tea. How much bred do you want to eat? How much beer do they watn to bring? We have many friends. How much tea do you want? How many cups of tea does your sister want? - 91 -

Hny darab sajtod van az asztalon? How many pieces of cheese have you on the table? Az a lot of kifejezst mind a megszmllhat, mind a megszmllhatatlan fnevekkel

hasznlhatjuk. j szavak cheap csp olcs expensive ikszpensziv drga together tgeDzr egytt a little litl egy kevs, egy kis (megszmllhatatlan fnevekkel) dog dog kutya more than mr Dzen tbb mint because bikoz mert, mivel less than lesz Dzen kevesebb mint around raund krl, krlbell, kzel fast fszt gyors what about ovot baut mit szlna hozz , mi van -val, -vel easy zi knny to buy tu bj venni, vsrolni Gyakorlat The chairs are around the table. A szkek az asztal krl vannak. These ships are fast. Ezek a hajk gyorsak. English is easy. Az angol knny. I have more cars than you. Nekem tbb autm van mint neked. By me this bicycle! Vedd meg nekem ezt a biciklit! It s cheap. Az olcs. I m not buying this house because Nem veszem meg ezt a hzat, mert drga. it s expensive. He has less money than his brother. Neki kevesebb pnze van, mint a testvrnek. Give me a little beer, please. Krem, adjon nekem egy kis srt. What about Mary? Mi van Mrival? Do you love your dog? Szereti n a kutyjt? - 92 -

Are we going their together? Egtt megynk oda? Figyeld meg a klnbsget, mindkettt a megszmllhatatlan fnevekkel hasznljuk A little egy kevs, valamennyi little kevs, kicsi I have a little money. Van egy kevs pnzem. I have little money. Kevs pnzem van. A little szt mellknvknt is hasznlhatjuk, ekkor a jelentse: kicsi, kis. Ebben az esetbe n nvel is llhat eltte. She has a little dog. Neki van egy kis kutyja. Egsztsd ki Nekem kt kutym van s szeretem ket. I have two dogs and I love them. Az els aut olcs, a msodik pedig The first car is cheap and the drga. second is expensive. Egy ht mlva Angliba megynk egytt. In a week we are going to England together. Kevesebb srm van, mint Pternek. I have less beer than Peter. Knny rni? Is it easy to write? Enni akarok egy kis kenyeret. I want to eat a little bread. Akar n tbb pnzt? Do you want more money? krbestlja ezt az pletet. He is walking around this building. Mindig gyorsan gyalogol? Does he always walk fast? Velem mi van? What about me? j igk to to to to sit tu szit lni smoke tu szmouk dohnyozni, cigarettzni worry tu ovori aggdni sing tu szin(g) nekelni, dalolni

- 93 -

Gyakorlat Where do you want to sit? Hol akarsz lni? How many cigarettes do you smoke every Hny cigarettt szv n el naponta? day? Mother always worries about her daughters. Anya mindig aggdik a lnyai miatt. She is singing a nice song on the radio now. Most egy kedves dalt nekel a rdiban. Fordtsd angolra Tbbet dohnyzik, mint az desapja. (lny) She smokes more than her father. Ne aggdjon! Don t worry! Egy knny dalt akar nekelni. (fi) He wants to sing an easy song. Ide akarunk lni. We want to sit here. A ragos vagy szsz birtokos szerkezet (the Saxon Genitive [Dz szekszn dzsenitiv]) Ezt csak llnyekre vonatkoz fneveknl hasznljuk. 1. Egyes szm: A birtokos szerkezetet gy kpezzk, hogy a birtokost tesszk elre, majd egy hinyjelet s egy s bett adunk hozz. Ezt kveti a birtok, ami lehet trgy vagy szemly. Mria autja Mria desapja meriz krmeriz fdzr Mary s car Mary s father 2. Tbbes szm: Ha a fnv tbbes szmban van s hozz. s betvel vgzdik, csak egy hinyjelet adunk car s

a testvreim autja mj brDzrz kr my brothers

Ha a fnv tbbes szmban nem s betvel vgzdik, akkor mind a hinyjelet, mind az vgzdst hozzadjuk. Ezeknek az embereknek Dziz pplz hausz these people s house a hza - 94 -

Gyakorlat My mother s brother has a nice car. Where is your faterh s office. This is my friend s house. Do you like Mary s dog? Do you know our driver s sister? Their brother s bicycle is very good. I always take my friend s son with me. Our family s car is fast. Illesztd be a szavakat A btyjnak a bartja az n bartom is. Ennek a lnynak a knyve az asztalon van. Ltom a nvrem hzt. El akarsz vinni engem a fivred laksba? Ki akarja ltni a mi desapnk irodit? Az anym testvrnek van egy szp autja. Hol van az desapd hivatala? Ez az n bartaim hza. Szereted Mria kutyjt? Ismeri a gpkocsivezetnk nvrt? A testvrnk biciklije nagyon j. A bartom fit mindig magammal viszem. A csaldunk autja gyors. His brother s friend is also my friend. This girl s book is on the table. I see my sister s house. Do you want to take me to your brother s apartment? Who wants to see our father s offices? Ha a fnv (birtokos) nem llnyt jell, akkor az of szt hasznljuk a birtokos szerkezet kifejezsre. the window of this room. ennek a szobnak az ablaka. Az llnyek esetben mind a kt szerkezet hasznlhat a jelents megvltozsa nlkl.

My father s room = the room of my father My friend s car = the car of my friends A ragos birtokos szerkezetet az angolban gyakrabban hasznljk. Alaktsd t a ragos birtokos szerkezetet of elljrval kpzett birtokos szerkezetre. Ahol nem lehetsges az talakts, ismteld meg a megadott pldt. my brother s daughter the daughter of my brother a cup of coffee a cup of coffee my father s book the book of my father a house of Mary Mary s house the bicycle of my brtoher my brother s bicycle - 95 -

my son s room a month of the year the rooms of the huse the room of my son a month of the year the rooms of the house the mouth of the horse the horse s mouth two pieces of bread their friend s sister j ige two pieces of bread the sister of their friends Can ken tud, kpes valamire, -hat, -het A mdbeli segdigk csoportjhoz tartozik, ami azt jelenti, hogy alakja minden szemlyben azonos, s az t kvet ige to nlkl ll. Pldk I can drive a car. Tudok autt vezetni. She can give your this book. Oda tudja adni neked ezt a knyvet. My brother s friend can sing this song. A tesvrem bartja el tudja nekelni ezt a dalt. They can sit on these chairs. lhetnek ezeken a szkeken. Fordtsd angolra Meg tudok enni tz almt. I can eat ten apples. Az desanym nvre tud angolul My mother s sister can speak English. beszlni. k tudjk fizetni a jegyeinket. They can pay for our tickets. Dohnyozhatunk ebben a szobban. We can smoke in thsi room. Beszlhetsz velnk arrl. You can talk with us about it. A krdseket a can segdige s az alany szrendjnek megvltoztatsval kpezzk. Plkk I can sing. Can I sing? Tudok nekelni? Her sister can drive. Can her sister drive? Tud a nvre autt vezetni? We can take the car. Can we take the car? Elvihetjk az autt? They can go for a walk. Can they go for a walk? Mehetnek stlni? His friends can speak Can his friends speak Tudnak a bartai angolul English. English? beszlni? - 96 -

Fordtsd angolra Idejhetnek k dlutn? Can they come here in the afternoon? Elvihetem ezt a knyvet, can I take this book? Az n testvre tud angolul beszlni? Can your brother speak English? Tud a fia nekelni? Can his son sing? Rvid vlaszokat a szemlyes nvms s a can ige hasznlatval szerkesztnk. Tagad vlasz

esetn a can igt not tagadsz kveti, ami can t [knt] sszettelre rvidthet. Jegyezd me hogy a cannot [kenot] teljes alak egy szban rand. Pldk Can your daughter sing? Tud a lnyod nekelni? Yes, she can. Igen. No, she can t. Nem. Can you drive? Tud n autt vezetni? Yes, I can. Igen. No, I can t. Nem. A canot vagy can t tagad alakot kijelent mondatokban is hasznljk. I can t sing. Nem tudok nekelni. She cannot open the door. Nem tudja kinyitni az ajtt. Gyakorlat Meg tudlak holnap ltogatni. I can visit you tomorrow. Nem eheti meg ezt a sajtot. (lny) She can t eat this cheese. Dohnyozhatok ebben a szobban? Can I smoke in this room? Megvrhatod t. You can wait for him. Megmutathatjk a hzukat nekem? Can they show me their house? Az desapja most nem tud beszlni nnel. His father can t talk with your now. Megrhatjuk azt a rszedre. We can write it for you. A can igvel ksztett krdsek krd nvmsokal is kezddhetnek. A szrendet ilyen esetben is megvltoztatjuk. Where can I see these books? Hol lthatom ezeket a knyveket? Who can read this letter? Ki tudja elolvasni ezt a levelet? - 97 -

When can she come to us? Mikor jhet hozznk? Who can t go there? Ki nem mehet oda? Fordtsd angolra mikor jhet? (fi) What time can he come? Mikor vihetem ezeket a leveleket? When can I take these letters? Hol vrhatunk nre? Where can we wait for you? Ki tud nekelni? Who can sing? Ki nem tud magyarul beszlni? Who can t speak Hungarian? j szavak better betr jobb, jobban the best Dz beszt a legjobb, a legjobban why ovj mirt which ovics melyik, amely whose hz ki(k), ki(k)nek (a ) how hau hogy(an) Gyakorlat Which car is better? Melyik aut jobb? How can I write this letter? Hogy rhatom meg ezt a levelet? Why are your worrying? Mirt aggdsz? You are my best friend. Te vagy a legjobb bartom. This plane is the best. Ez a replgp a legjobb. Whose is this bicycle? Ki ez a bicikli? Illeszd be a szavakat Kinek a tolla ez? Whose pen is it? Ez a knyv a legjobb. This book is the best. Melyik szk jobb? Which chair is better? Mirt nem eheted meg ezt? Why can t your eat this? Nem tudom, hogyan rjam le azt. I don t know how to write it. - 98 -

Ismtls Kinek a dalait nekelik k most? Whose songs are they singing now? Mirt nem mehetsz oda hajval? Why can t your go there by ship? Hrom v mlva egy autt fogok venni. In three years I m buying a car. Mennyi vajas kenyeret tudsz megenni? How much bread and butter can you eat? Melyik knyvet vihetem el? Which book can I take? Hny kutyja van a bartod nvrnek? How many dogs has your friend s sister? n mennyi cukrot kr (akar)? How much sugar do you want? Nem dohnyozhatok itt, mert Mria btyja I can t smoke here, because Mary s brother nem szereti. doesn t like it. Adjon nekem kt cssze kvt. Give me two cups of coffee. Van egy kevs pnzem. I have a little money. Kevs sajtunk van. We have little cheese. Egytt mehetnk oda? Can we go there together? Ennek a szobnak nagyok az ablakai. The windows of this room are big. - 99 -

7. Lecke Msodik rsz j szavak poor pur/pr szegny rich rics gazdag cat ket macska tonight tnjt ma este/jjel to drink tu drin(g)k inni summer szmr nyr park prk park tree tr fa (l) apple epl alma Ms sorrendben cat ket macska summer szmr nyr apple epl alma poor pur/pr szegny tonight tnjt ma este/jjel park prk park rich rics gazdag to drink tu drin(g)k inni tree tr fa (l) Gyakorlat Her mother s brother is a poor man. Az anyjnak a btyja szegny ember. That rich woman has three houses. Annak a gazdag asszonynak hrom hza van. Can we go to the park? Elmehetnk mi a parkba? I want to have many trees in my garden. Azt akarom, hogy sok fa legyen a kertemb en. I can t drink beer tonight. Nem ihatok srt ma este. I like to eat apples in summer. Szeretek almt enni nyron. What do cats like to drink? Mit szeretnek a macskk inni? - 100 -

Jegyezd meg a kifejezst in summer nyron Egsztsd ki k jnnek hozznk ma este. They are coming to us tonight. Akar n gazdag lenni? Do you want to be rich? Ennek a szegny macsknak nincs otthona. This poor cat has no home. Mirt ihat srt s n nem? Why can she drink beer, and I can t? Nyron gyakran megynk a parkba. In summer we often go to the park. Ezek az almk drgk. These apples are expensive. Szeretem nzni a fkat. I like to look at trees. A never [nevr] idhatroz jelentse soha(sem).

Az angol nyelvben ez tagadsz, s ezrt egy mondatban ms tagadszt nem szabad vele egytt hasznlni. Pl.: I never drink beer. n sohasem iszom srt. She never goes to work in the morning. sohasem megy reggel dolgozni. Fordtsd angolra k sohasem vezethetnek autt. n soha nem jrok stlni abba a parkba. n sohasem nekelek dalokat. Soha nem vesznek sajtot. Mirt nem akar sohasem beszlni hozzm? They can never drive a car. I never go for a walk to that park. I never sing songs. They never buy cheese. Why does he never want to talk to me? j szavak (mellknevek) tall short large big great tl srt lrdzs big grjt magas rvid, alacsony nagy, terjedelmes nagy nagy, kivll, nagyszer - 101 -

Egsztsd ki Magas pletekbe sohasem megyek be. k egy nagy hzat keresnek. Te egy nagyszer bart vagy. Nzd meg ezt a nagy hzat! Rvid a levele. (lny) j igk to forget tu forgetto stop tu sztop to listen (to) tu liszn (tu) Gyakorlat I always forget to write a letter to her. We often stop near this shop. Listen! Pink Floyd are singing. I like to listen to the radio in the evening. I never enter tall buildings. They are looking for a large house. You are a great friend. Look at this big building! Her letter is short. elfelejteni, felejteni megllni, lellni figyelni, hallgatni (valamit) Mindig elfelejtek levelet rni neki. Gyakran megllunk ennl az zletnl. Figyelj! A Pink Floyd nekel. Szeretem este a rdi hallgatni. A to stop ignek kt jelentse van: megll, hogy csinljon valamit, vagy abbahagy valamit. She wants to stop to smoke. Meg akar llni cigarettzni. She wants to stop smoking. Abba akarja hagyni a dohnyzst. Amikor a to stop azt jelenti, hogy kvetkezik. Ha a to stop jelentse abbahagyni , utna a to nlkli -ing vg ige megllni , akkor az ige to val, de -ing vgzds

nlkl kveti. Fordtsd angolra Most ezeket a dalokat akarom hallgatni. Ne feledje hogy, megrhatom azt nnek. Itt mindig megllok, hogy megnzzem ezt az pletet. I want to listen to these songs now. Don t forget I can write it for you. I always stop here to look at this building.

Nem akarok tbbet (abba akarom hagyni) I want to stop going by bus and buy autbusszal utazni s veszek egy autt. a car. - 102 -

j szavak without ovidzaut nlkl szmtszin(g) something valami too t tl, tlsgosan ever evr valaha, valamikor forever forevr rkre, rkk between bitovn kztt, kz r or vagy good night gud njt j jszakt Ms sorrendben ever evr valaha, valamikor r or vagy without ovidzaut nlkl too t tl, tlsgosan forever forevr rkre, rkk good night gud njt j jszakt szmtszin(g) something valami between bitovn kztt, kz Gyakorlat My office is between this building and the Az irodm az plet s az tterem kztt van. restaurant. We can t buy this car because it s too Nem vehetjk meg ezt az autt, mert expensive. tlsgosan drga. I cant t work without music. Nem tudok zene nlkl dolgozni. I want to talk with you about something. Akarok veled beszlni valamirl. I can t wait forever! Nem vrhatok rkk! Good night! I m going home. J jszakt! Hazamegyek. Does he ever read books? Olvas valaha knyveket? Do you want tea or coffee? Tet vagy kvt krsz (akarsz)? - 103 -

Egsztsd ki tl szegny ahhoz, hogy relvel utazzon. A testvrem e kztt a kt lny kztt l. Van valami mutatnivaljuk szmodra. J jszakt! Egy fk nlkli kert nem szp. Ezt vagy azt a knyvet akarom megvenni. Dolgozik valamikor otthon? Nem kereshetem rkk. Fordtsd angolra A bartom fivre el tudja nekelni ezeket a dalokat. Meg akarja nekem mutatni a lovt. (lny) Adj nekem kt cssze kvr s egy kevs kenyeret. Ez a legjobb zene. Tudnak k hossz leveleket rni? Mirt nem tudsz ma este jnni? Mennyi pnzt tudsz adni nekem? Adjon nekem t szelet kenyeret! Neki sok autja, de tl kevs pnze van. (lny) Mindig azon a szken l. (fi) Abba akarom hagyni a dohnyzst. Aggdom a nvrem fia miatt. A bartainak a hzai azok? Ennek a hznak a szobi kicsik. He is too poor to fly by plane. My brother is sitting between this two girls. They have something to show you. Good night! A gerden without trees isn t nice. I want to buy this or that book. Does he ever work at home? I can t look for it forever. My friend s brother can sing these songs. She wants to show me her horse. Give me two cups of coffee and a little bread.

This is the best music. Can they write long letters? Why can t you come tonight? How much money can you give me? Give me five pieces of bread. She has many cars but too little money. He always sits on that chair. I want to stop smoking. I m worrying about my sister s son. Are they his friends houses? The rooms of this house are little. Nem tudom azt megrni, de meg prblhatom. I can t write it but I can try. Azt hiszem, ez a park jobb. I think this park is better. Egy gazdag ember meg tud rteni egy Can a rich man understand a poor man? szegny embert? Ma este Jnoshoz megynk. Tonight we are going to John. El tudsz jnni hozznk a nyron? Can you come to us in summer? Reggel sohasem eszem mzet. I never eat honey in the morning. - 104 -

Megltogatja valaha az desanyjt? (lny) Does she ever visit her mother? Nem feledkezhetsz meg arrl You can t forget about it. Ez a nagy szoba fehr. This large room is white. Szeretek zent hallgatni, amikor dolgozom. I like to listen to music when I work. Meg akarok keresni valamit. I want to look for something. Kiejtsi gyakorlat i i ou e hear talk rich know cat near walksit show can dauthter listen open fish kitchen - 105 -

8. Lecke 8. Lecke Els rsz j szavak east szt kelet west oveszt nyugat date djt dtum winter ovintr tl leg leg lb(szr) shoe s cip barber brbr fodrsz hair her haj, szr the sun Dz szn a nap weather ovedzr idjrs snow sznou h rain rjn es to snow tu sznou havazni to rain tu rjn esni (es) Ms sorrendben the sun Dz szn a nap winter ovintr tl east szt kelet shoe s cip barber brbr fodrsz to rain tu rjn esni (es) leg leg lb(szr) date djt dtum snow sznou h hair her haj, szr to snow tu sznou havazni weather ovedzr idjrs rain rjn es west oveszt nyugat - 106 -

Gyakorlat It usually snows in winter. Tlen rendszerint havazik. I can t buy these expensive shoes. Nem tudom megvenni ezeket a drga cipket. She has long legs. Hossz lbai vannak. He is going from the west to the east. nyugatrl keleltre megy. Is the weather always nice in summer? Mindig kellmes az idjrs nyron? Do you know what date it is today? Tudod, hgoy hnyadika van ma? Can you see the sun? Ltod a napot? My hair is short. Az n hajam rvid. I m looking for my green shoes. A zld cipmet keresem. It s raining so we can t go to the park. Esik az es, gy nem mehetnk a parkba. He is a barber. fodrsz. Figyeld meg, hogy hasznljuk az it szt a to snow, to rain igknl. It It It It is raining. is snowing. often rains often snows Esik az es. Havazik./Esik a h. in summer. Nyron gyakran esik az es. in witner. Tlen gyakran esik a h.

Egsztsd ki Vedd meg nekem ezt a cipt! Buy me these shoes! Hnyadika van ma? What date is it today? Neki hossz haja van. (n) She has long hair. Most nem ltom a napot. I don t see the sun now. Akar n a Kzel-Keleten lni? Do you want to live in the near East? Ma szp idnk van. We have nice weather today. Eshet a h nyron? Can it snow in summer? A fodrsz gy vli, hogy szp a hajam. The barber thinks my hair is nice. Nem akarok nyugat fel menni. I don t want to go to the west. Minden kutynak ngy lba van. Every dog has four legs. Nha tlen sok az es. There is much rain in winter sometimes. - 107 -

Most jjenek a hnapok January dzsenjuri janur February februri februr March mrcs mrcius April jpril prilis May mj mjus June dzsn jnius July dzsulj jlius August gszt augusztus September szeptembr szeptember October oktoubr oktber November nouvembr november December diszembr december Egsztsd ki Mrciusban mindig megltogatom t. I always visit her in March. Jliusban megynk Angliba. We go to England in July. Akarsz szeptemberben iskolba menni? Do you want to go toschool in September? Janurban gyakran havazik. It often snows in January. prilis az v legjobb hnapja. April is the best month of the year. Mjusban nem vihetlek tged Londonba. I cant take you to London in May. Mi ezt a hzat novemberben akarjuk We want to buy this house in megvenni. November. rhatok arrl, de csak jniusban. I can write about it, but in June. Decemberben mindig megltogatjuk in December we always visit a testvjnk bartjt. our brother s friend. Nem szeretem az augusztust. I don t like August. Februrban egy nagy zletet nyitunk in February we are opening a big ebben az utcban. shop in this street. Oktberben tudok munkt szerezni. I can get work in October. Az angol fnevek tbbes szmt a sz vghez illesztett Vannak azonban rendhagy tbbes szm fnevek is. man men ember frfi men men emberek frkiak - 108 s vagy es betvel kpezzk.

woman ovumn n, asszony women ovimin nk, asszonyok foot fut lb(fej) feet ft lbak Fordtsd le a kvetkez kifejezseket ngy ember four men hrom asszony three women kt lb two feet Nhny angol szmjegy 30 thrity tszrti 40 forty frti 50 fifty fifti 60 sixty szikszti 70 seventy szevnti 80 eighty jti 90 ninety njti 100 a hundred hndrid Gyakorlat 10-20-30 ten-twenty-thirty 60-40-50 sixty-forty-fifty 90-100-80 ninety-a hundred-eighty 70-30-50 seventy-thirty-fifty 61 sixty-one 28 twenty-eight 42 forty-two 97 njnti szevn 105 a hundred and five 99 ninety-nine 36 thirty-six - 109 -

44 forty-four 71 seventy-one 83 eighty-three 172 a hundred and seventy-two 111 a hundred and eleven 53 fifty-three 65 sixty-five a hundred szt az szetettt szmjegyek esetn egy and sz kveti, tovbb, az egyeseket ktjellel kapcsoljuk a tzesekhez (ami azonban el is hagyhat). Fordtsd angolra Augusztrusban harmincegy nap van? Has August thirty-one Ez a fodrsz a bartom btyja. This barber is my friend Nmely frfi szereti a hossz hajat. Some men like long Mi nem nyugaton lakunk, hanem keleten. We don t live in days? s brother. hair. the west, but in the east.

Gyakran havazik decemberben? Does it often snow in December? Melyik asszonyoknak van rvid hajuk? Which women have short hair? Milyen dtum van ebben a levlben? What date is in this letter? A Nap ritkn ltszik (mutatkozik) februrban. The sun seldom shows in February. Hrom hnap kilencvenhrom vagy szz nap? Are there months ninety-three or a hundred days? Sok knyvet olvasol? Do you read many books? j szavak brown braun barna black blek fekete else elsz ms, egyb what else ovot elsz mi ms(t) almost lmouszt szinte, majdnem difficult difiklt nehz, bonyolult soon szn hamarosan, rvidesen, nemsokra all l (az) egsz/sszes, min(en) from time to time from tjm tu tjm idrl idre yellow jelou srga - 110 -

Ms sorrendben difficult difiklt yellow jelou brown braun soon szn what else ovot elsz from time to time from tjm tu tjm all else almost blackl elsz lmouszt blek Gyakrolat She has black shoes. Do you want this brown suti? From time to time we go for a walk to that park. She s flying to England soon. What else do you want? All people like to eat apples. This is something else. Do you think yellow cars are nice? This book is too difficult to read. Almost all women like tall men. Fordtsd angolra A szobmban van egy fekete rasztal. Szeretsz nehz knyveket olvasni? A macskk srgk vagy barnk? Majdnem este van. Hamarosan elltogatunk mindezekbe az orszgokba. nehz, bonyolult srga barna hamarosan, rvidesen, nemsokra mi ms(t) idrl idre (az) egsz/sszes, min(en) ms, egyb szinte, majdnem fekete Fekete cipje van. Akarod ezt a barna ltnyt? Idrl idre elmegynk abba a parkba stlni.

 nemsokra angliba repl. Mi mst akarsz? Minden ember szeret almt enni. Ez valami ms. Gondold, hogy a srga autk szpek? Ez a knyv tlsgosan nehz ahhoz, hogy olvassam. Majdnem minden n kedveli a magas frfiakat. There is a black desk in my room. Do you like to read difficult books? Are cats yellow or brown? It s almost evening. We are visiting all these countries soon. Nehz azt megrteni? Is it difficult to understand it? - 111 -

Mi mst eszik a kutyd? What else does your dog eat? Szinte kedvelem t. I almost like him. Az sszes knyvet el akarod vinni? Do you want to take all the books? Mi mst ihatok mg? What else can I drink? Idrl idre zent hallgatok a rdiban. From time to time I listen to music on the radio. j igk to to to to put tu put tenni, helyezni do tu d megtenni, elvgezni cut tu kt vgni, levgni shine tu sjn ragyogni, st (a nap)

Ms sorrendben to to to to do tu d megtenni, elvgezni shine tu sjn ragyogni, st (a nap) cut tu kt vgni, levgni put tu put tenni, helyezni

a to do ige a segdige szerept tlti be a Simple Present igeidben, ugyanakkor fige is, jelentse: tenni, csinlni. Gyakorlat What are you doing now? Mit csinlsz most? What do you do every Saturday? Mit csinlsz szombatonknt? What else does she want to do? Mit akar mg tenni? Fordtsd le What do they usually do in the afternoon? Mit csinlnak k lltalban dlutn? It doesn t snow in summer. Nyron nem esik a h. We don t like beer. Mi nem szeretjk a srt. Does he want to do it tomorrow? Holnap akarja azt megcsinlni? - 112 -

Egsztsd ki Nem akarom azt ma megcsinlni. I don t want to do it today. A fodrsz le akarja vgni a hajamat. The barber wants to cut my hair. Nzze! St a nap! Look! The sun is shining! Tedd ezt a knyvet az asztalomra! Put this book on my table. Nhny olyan ige, ahol a szvgi mssalhangz az ing vgzds hozzadsakor megkettzdik: getsitstop put cut forget getting sitting stopping putting cutting forgetting getin(g) szitin(g) sztopin(g) putin(g) ktin(g) forgetin(g) Az igevgzds alkalmazsnak van egy fontos szablya. Eszerint az utols hangslyos sztagban egy rvid (egy betvel rt) magnhangzt tartalmaz, s egy mssalhangzra vgzd ige esetben a szvgi mssalhangz megkettzdik az hozzadsakor: ing vgzds

stop sztop -ez egy egysztag sz, ezrt automatikusan hangslyos, -kzzpen egy rvid magnhangzt tartalmaz, -az ige vgn csak egy mssalhangz ll: stop stopping. Ez a szably tbb sztag igknl is alkalmazhat: forget forget -ktsztag sz, a msodik sztag hangslyos, -a hangslyos sztagban rvid maganhangzt tartalmaz, -az ige vgn egy mssalhangz ll: forget forgetting. Egy ms fajta ige: keep kp -egysztag sz, a sztag hangslyos, -a vgn csak egy mssalangz van. -hossz magnhangzja van, - 113 -

-ilyen esetekben az utols magnhangz nem kettzdik meg: keep keeping. Egy msik plda: work ovrk -hangslyos sztag, -kzpen rvid magnhangz van, -a sz vgn kt mssalhangz van, ami nem engedi a mssalhangz megkettzdst: work s mg egy ige: Look luk -hangslyos sztag -a vgn egy mssalhangz van, a kzpen lv maganhangzt kt o val rjuk. Ez nem teszi lehetv, hogy az looking. working.

utols mssalhangzt megkettzzk: look

Egsztsd ki Az desapm most ppen a kertben stl. My father is walking in the garden now. Most ppen a fkat vgjk a parkban. They are just cutting the trees in the park. A bartom ppen most lltja meg az autt. My friend is just stopping the car. Most a srga cipmet keresem. I am looking for my yellow shoes. Ki l azon a szken? Who is sitting on that chair? Most a postn ad fel leveleket. She is sending letters at the post-office. k most ehhez a nagy tempomhoz mennek. They are visiting this big church now. Nem felejtesz el valamit? Aren t you forgetting something? Most egy msik mdbeli segdigvel, a must [mszt] kell szval ismerkenk meg.

A can hez hasonlan a must alakja is minden szemlyben ugyan az, s az azt kvet ige to nlkl ll. Pldk I must cut my hair. She must forget about him. They must think about their baby. Le kell vgnom a hajam. El kell felejtenie t. Nekik gondolniuk kell a kisbabjukra. - 114 -

A krdseket a must segdige s az alany szrendjnek felcserlsvel alkotjuk. Kiegsztend krds esetn a mondat elejre krd nvmst helyeznk. Pldk Mary must go to school. Must Mary go to school? Mrinak iskolba kell mennie? My father must buy a car. Must my father buy a car? Kell az desapmnak autt vennie? She must read this book. What must she read? Mit kell elolvasnia? Fordtsd angolra Holnap dolgozni kell menned. You must go to work tomorrow. Ma kell azt megcsinlnom? Must I do it today? Kinek kell odaadnia ezt a levelet neked? Who must give you this letter? Kinek a dalait kell nekelnnk? Whose songs must we sing? Meg kell mutatnod nekem a hzad. You must show me your house. Az iskolban angolt kell tantania. She must teach English at school. Ismtls Mrciusban keletre kell utaznom. In March I must go to the east. Ebben a levlben egy dtum van. There is a date in this letter. Az idjrs szp nyron. The weather is nice in summer. Esik a h? Is it snowing? Jhetnek k februrban? Can they come in February? Nzd meg ezeket a frfiakat s ezeket a nket! Look at these women and these men! Negyvent perc kell nekem ahhoz, hogy I must have forty-five minutes to do it. megcsinljam. Mit akar n mg megnzni? What else do you want to see? Ezt a fekete autt nzem most. I m looking at this black car now. St a nap ma? Is the sun shining today? Anya az (fi) hajt vgja most. Mother is cutting his hair now. Mit csinlsz most? What are you doing now? - 115 -

8. Lecke Msodik rsz Ebben a leckben mr csak ismltnk Barbara: Can your brother sing? John: Yes, he can sing many songs. He listens to music on the radio every day. Barbara: Does he know the song It s a long way to Tipperary ? John: Yes, he does, but this song is not difficult to sing. Tom: Tomorrow I m buying a big, red car. It s a fast car and not too expensive. I want to show it to you tomorrow evening. Mary: My brother also wants to buy a cheap car, because he has little money. He doesn t like red, brown or black, so he wants to buy a green or yellow car. Peter: Can I talk to your brother Terry? Barbara: Yes, he is at home now. Peter: What is he doing? Barbara: He is sitting in his room and writing a long letter to his friend. He c an write long letters. Peter: I want to go to the park with him. Barbara: I think he can t go with you. He must send the letter, so we must go to t he post-office together. Mary: Have you a brother or sister? John: I have a brother. His name is Tony. My brother is a nice boy. He is tall, he has big black eyes and long legs. Mary: Tony s friends must like him. John: Yes, and girls can never forget him. Tom: Why are you going to the kitchen? Barbara: Because Tony wants some tea and some bread with jam and I want a cup of coffee. Tom: You can t drink coffee, because there s no sugar. Mary: Where does your family live? Peter: My father and mother live in Pcs, my brother and his family live in Budapest. Barbara: Where is your house? John: It s near Budapest. Its rooms are big. I have a large bedroom and a big kitchen. I can have cats and dogs. I want to live there forever. Mary: I think you smoke too many cigarettes and drink too much coffee. Tom: Yes, I want o stop smoking soon. - 116 -

Mary: And what about coffee? Tom: I like coffee and I don t want to stop drinking it. Barbara: Why do you like this park? Peter: Because I can see a lot of animals here. All trees in this park are green . It s no easy to go there: You must take a bicycle, because you can t walk there. Mary: Father wants to cut your long hair. John: Is he trying to do it? Mary: Don t worry. You must go to the barber s shop. Barbara: Where is your brother going by car tonight? Tom: He is visiting his best friend. He must usually drive a car there, but he l ikes to drive. Barbara: Does he drive much? Tom: Yes, he does. In summer he usually goes to England. Sometimes he goes to the Near East, because his friend works there. Fordtsd angolra k mindig finom tet adnak neknk. They always give us good tea. Gyakran van h decemberben. There is often snow in December. Minden knyvet el akar vinni. (fi) He wants to take all books. Ki ez a hz? Whose is this house? Hamarosan vesznk egy nagy irodt. Soon we are buying a big office. Ne felejtse el ezt a dtumot! Don t forget this date! Ez a fekete cip drga. These black shoes are expensive. Nem hallhatnak minket. They can t hear us. Ez a ht tl hossz. This week is too long. Ma jjel rdit hallgatok. Tonight I m listening to the radio. Nem akarom levgni a hajam. I don t want to cut my hair. Jlius a legjobb hnap? Is July the best month? Valami mst akarok. I want to something else. Tudna hozni nekem egy kevs mzet? Can you bring me some honey? Tl kevs pnznk van ahhoz, hogy ezt a We have too little money to buy this drga hzat megvegyk. expensive house. Az sszes macska utlja (nem szereti) a vizet. All cats don t like water. Ez a barna kutya a legjobb bartom. This brown dog is my best friend. Ez tl knny! It s too easy! - 117 -

Ne aggdj az idjrs miatt. Don t worry about the weather. A repl nyugat fel repl. The plane is flying to the west. Sok h van a kertnkben. There is a lot of snow in our garden. Mennyi lekvrt tudsz megenni? How much jam can you eat? Ne tedd ezt a levelet a konyhban az asztalra! Don t put this letter on the tabble i n the kitchen. ppen a firl krdezzk t. (frit) We are just asking him about his son. Ki tantja az angolt neknk? Who teaches us English? Krem, ne dohnyozzon a hlszobban. Please, don t smoke in the bedroom. Nem akarok rkk vrni. I don t want to wait forever. Autval kell ket az iskolba vinnem. I must take them to school by car. - 118 -

9. Lecke 9. Lecke Els rsz j szavak quarter kovtr negyedik(rsz), negyedra husband hzbnd frj bookcase bukkjsz knyvespolc, knyvszekrny lamp lemp lmpa plant plnt/plent nvny, palnta tie tj nyakkend dining-room djnin(g) rm ebdl breakfast brekfszt reggli parents perntsz szlk shirt srt ing hospital hoszpitl krhz Ms sorrendben quarter kovtr negyedik(rsz), negyedra tie tj nyakkend husband hzbnd frj bookcase bukkjsz knyvespolc, knyvszekrny parents perntsz szlk hospital hoszpitl krhz shirt srt ing lamp lemp lmpa breakfast brekfszt reggli dining-room djnin(g) rm ebdl bookcase bukkjsz knyvespolc, knyvszekrny plant plnt/plent nvny, palnta - 119 -

Gyakorlat We have many plants at home. Neknk sok nvnynk van otthon. Her husband is rich. A frje gazdag. These lamps are expensive. Ezek a lmpk drgk. I want to buy a shirt. Egy inget akarok venni. It is on the bookcase. Az a knyvespolcon van. It s a quarter past five. Negyed hat van. (Egy negyeddel mlt t ra.) Do you konw his parents? Ismered a szleit? I often eat breakfast at seven. Gyakran reggelizem ht rakkor. He doesn t like ties. Nem szereti a nyakkendt. I must go to hospital. Korhzba kell mennem. We have a large dining-room. Neknk nagy ebdlnk van. Egsztsd ki Az ingeim olcsk. My shirts are cheap. Egy nyakkendt kell vennem. I must buy a tie. A szlei is itt vannak? Are his parents also here? A hzunkban sok nvny van. There are many plants in our house. n ezt a zld lmpt akarom. I want to have this green lamp. A te frjed az n tesvrem. Your husband is my brother. Tegye ezt a knyvszekrnyt a hlszobnkba. Put this bookcase in our bedroom. Egy negyedra mlva jnnek. They are coming in a quarter of an hour. Rendszerint az ebdlben tkeznk. We usually eat in the dining-room. Mit szeretsz enni reggelire? What do you like to eat for breakfast? Az apmnak korhzba kell mennie. My father must go to hospital. Jegyezd meg a for sz hasznlatt a kvetkez szerkezetekben:

What do you like to eat for breakfast? Mit szeretsz enni reggelire? What s for breakfast today? Mi van ma reggelire? - 120 -

Fordtsd angolra Ezeknek a nvnyeknek a kertben kell lennik. Nem szeretek krhzban lenni. Negyed hrom. (Egy negyedrval mlt kt ra.) A frjem mindig autt vezet. Egytt tudunk reggelizni? Tegye ezeket a knyveket a knyvespolcra. A szleimnek kevs pnzk van. Melyik inget vehetem fel, Nyakkendt is kell ktnm? Ezek a lmpk szpek, de tl drgk. Mi dohnyozhatunk az ebdlben. These plants must be in the garden. I don t like to be in hospital. It s a quarter past two. My husband always drives a car. Can we eat breakfast together? Put these books on the bookcase. My parents have little money. Which shirt can I take? Must I also take a tie? These lamp are nice, but too expensive. We can smoke in the dining-room. Nhny esetben a the hatrozott nvelt elhagyhatjuk. lltalnos rtelemben hasznlt tkezsek nevei eltt: She always eats breakfast at seven. Mindig ht rakor reggelizik. Az vszakok nevei eltt, ha ltalnos rtelemben hasznljuk: Do you like summer? Szereted a nyara? Ha egy kzelebbrl meghatrozott tkezsre vagy vszakra akarunk utalni, akkor hasznljuk a the hatrozott nvelt: The dinner which I am eating now is good. A vacsora, amelyet ppen most eszem, fin om. A hospital. korhz sz eltt ha oda betegknt megynk, nem hasznlunk hatrozott nvelt. I must go to hospital. Krhzba kell mennem.

Ha a korhzba ltogatknt vagy szemlyzet tagjaknt megynk, akkor a ketkezt mondjuk: I go to the hospital every day. Minden nap megyek a krhzba. j to to to igk park tu prk parkolni get up tu get p felkelni, (gybl), felllni put on tu put on felvenni (ruht), rtenni.

- 121 -

to stay tu sztj maradni, idzni, tartzkodni to have breakfast tu hev brekfszt reggelizni to make tu mjk kszteni Gyakorlat In Hungary we always stay at a hotel. Magyarorszgon mindig szllodban tartzkodunk. Tomorrow I must get up at 6 in the morning. Holnap reggel hat rakor kell felkelne m. You can park the car here. n ide llthatja az autt/parkolhat. What time do you usually have breakfast? Rendszerint mikor reggelizik? Can I put on my father s suit. Felvehetem az apm ltnyt? They make chairs in this factory. Ebben a gyrban szkeket csinlnak. Egsztsd ki Egy fehr inget vegyen fel. Put on a white shirt. Tz napig krhzban kell maradnom. I must stay in hospital for ten days. Nem parkolhatunk ebben az utcban. We can t park in this street. Nem szeretek felkelni reggel. I don t like to get up in the morning. n mindig nyolckor reggelizik? Do you always have breakfast at eight? Az desapm most egy knyvespolcot csinl. My father is making a bookckase now. A to have igt, amelynek a jelentse birtokolni, nem hasznljuk folyamatos jelen idben. Nhny esetben viszont ms igket helyettestnk vele. Ilyenkor a to have igt folyamato jelen idben is hasznlhatjuk: to eat breakfast = to have breakfast to drink tea = to have tea to smoke a cigarette = to have a cigarette Pldk Are you having breakfast now? Most ppen reggelizik? What tea is he having now? milyen tet fogyaszt most? John is having his fourth cigarette. Jnos a negyedik cigarettjt szvja. - 122 -

Fordtsd angolra Pter s Mria most ppen kvt isznak. Peter and Mary are having coffee now. Most kt kutym van s egy macskm van. Now I have two dogs and one cat. Most reggeliznek? Are they having breakfast now? Hnyadik cigarettt szvod most? Which cigarette are you having now? Pillanatnyilag nincs (semennyi) pnzem. I have no money at the moment. A to be ige egyszer mlt idej (the Simple Past Tense [Dz szimpl pszt tens]) alakjai Ezt a mlt idt olyan cselekmny kifejezsre hasznljuk, amire a mlt meghatrozott idpontjban trtnt s a jelennel nincs kapcsolata. A kvetkez idhatrozkat hasznljuk vele: yesterday jesztrdj, jesztrdi tegnap ago gou (bizonyos idvel) ezeltt last lsz mlt, legutbbi, utols Mind a hrom idhatroz a mondat elejg vagy vgn ll. Pldk two days ago kt nappal ezeltt three weeks ago hrom httel ezeltt four years ago ngy vvel ezeltt last year mlt v last month mlt hnap last Sunday mlt vasrnap A to be ige egyszer mlt idej alakjai: I was j ovoz n voltam you were j ovr te voltl, n volt he was h ovoz (fi) volt she was s ovoz (lny) volt it was it ovoz ez/az volt we were ov ovr mi voltunk you were j ovr ti voltatok, nk voltak they were Dzj ovr k voltak - 123 -

Gyakorlat Yesterday I was at home in the evening. Tegnap este otthon voltam. I know you were in England two years ago. Tudom, hogy kt vvel ezeltt Angliban voltl. Last week he was in hospital. A mlt hten krhzban volt. Last month she was in Budapest. A mlt hnapban Budapesten volt. It was a long time ago. Az hossz idvel ezeltt volt. Three years ago we were in that factory. Hrom vvel ezeltt abban a gyrban voltunk. I think you were there yesterday. Azt hiszem, te ott voltl tegnap. Ten years ago they were babies. Tz vvel ezeltt (mg) kisbabk voltak. Egsztsd ki Anym egy httel ezeltt Angliban volt. My mother was in England a week ago. Ezek az emberek tavaly Lengyelorszgban These people were in Poland last year. voltak. Tegnap az kertjben voltam. Yesterday I was in his garden. Tavaly egytt voltunk. Last year we were together. Kt vvel ezeltt Angliban voltl. Two year ago your were in England. Tudom, hogy tegnap a hzadban volt. I know he was in your house yesterday. Az tavaly volt. It was last year. n a mlt hnapban a lnya iskoljban volt. You were in your daughter s school last month. Egyszer mlt idben a krdseket a to be igvel gy kpezzk, hogy az ige megfelel mlt idej alakjt s az alanyt felcserljk. Az igenl vlasz szerkezete: a yes sz, a szemlyes nvms s a to be ige megfelel alakja. A tagad vlasz szerkezete: a no sz, a szemlyes nvms, a to be ige megfelel alakja s a not sz. A was not szerkezetet a wasn t [ovoznt], a were not szerkezetet pedig a wer en t [ovrnt] alakra rvidthetjk. Pldk I was at school yesterday. Were your at school yesterday? Yes, I was. No, I was not. Voltl tegnap iskolban? Igen, (voltam). No, I wasnt t Nem, (nem voltam). - 124 -

They were at home last week. Were they at home last week? Yes, they were. No, they were not. Otthon voltak k a mlt hten? Igen. No, they weren t. Nem, (nem voltak). Last year he was in England. Was he in England last year? Yes, he was. No, he was not. Volt Angliban az elmlt vben? Igen, (volt). No, he wasn t. Nem, (nem volt). Alkoss krdst s rvid vlaszokat Yesterday she was at work. Was she at work yesterday? Yes, she was. No, she wasn t. We were together last year. Were we together last year? Yes, we were. No, we weren t. They were in his office yesterday. Were they in his office yesterday? Yes, they were. No, they weren t. He was a good boy ten years ago. Was he a good boy ten years ago? Yes, he was. No, he wasn t Bvtett krdsek kpzsekor a krd nvmst a krd mondat elejre tesszk. When were you in England? Mikor voltl Angliban? Why wasn t she at work yesterday? Mirt nem volt () munkban tegnap? A tagad szerkezet egsz mondatokban is alkalmaznat. She wasn t in England three years ago. Nem volt Angliban hrom vvel ezeltt. My parents weren t here yesterday. A szleim nem voltak itt tegnap. Fordtsd angolra Hol voltak (k) a mlt szombaton? Where were they last Saturday? Ki volt a hivatalban egy rval ezeltt (fiba) Who was in his office an hour ago? A nvrk nem volt Londonban a mlt hten. They sister wasn t in London last week. Tegnap nem voltunk a postn. Yesterday we weren t at the post-office. - 125 -

Ismt nhny fnv, melynek rendhagy tbbes szma van: 1. Azok a fnevek, amelyeknl a tbbes szm kpzsekor a szt s a kiejts is megvltozik: foot fut lb feet fit lbak tooth goosemouse child ttsz gsz mausz csjld fog liba egr gyer(m)ek teeth geese mice children ttszgsz mjsz csildrn fogak libk egerek gyer(m)ekek 2. azok a fnevek, amelyeknl az utols f betre v re vltozik. Ha a sz utols betje e, csak egy s bett kapcsolunk hozz, egybknt es kerl a sz vgre: loaf louf cip, vekni loaves louvz cipk, veknik wife ovjf felesg wives ovjvz felesgek shelf self polc shelves selvz polcok life ljf let lives ljvz letek half hf fl(vm-nek a fele) halves hvz felek leaf lf falevl leaves lvz falevelek knife njf ks knives njvz ksek Ms sorrendben life ljf let lives ljvz letek knife njf ks knives njvz ksek tooth ttsz fog teeth ttsz fogak loaf louf cip, vekni loaves louvz cipk, veknik mouse mausz egr mice mjsz egerek leaf lf falevl leaves lvz falevelek wife ovjf felesg wives ovjvz felesgek foot fut lb feet fit lbak child csjld gyer(m)ek children csildrn gyer(m)ekek shelf self polc shelves selvz polcok goose gsz liba geese gsz libk half hf fl(vm-nek a fele) halves hvz felek - 126 -

j szavak downstairs daunszterz lefel, lenti, lent (a fldszinten) in front of in frnt ov valami eltt, szemben opposite opzit szemben (lv), szemkzt(i) after ftr utn, utna still sztil mg (mindig), mgis Gyakorlat The hotel is opposite our house. A szlloda a hzunkkal szemben van. He is still working. mg mindig dolgozik. Park the car in front of this building. lltsa az autt ez el az let el. Our kitchen is downstairts. A konyhnk lent van (a fldszinten). I think he was there after six. Azt hiszem hatutn ott volt. Egsztsd ki Oda nyolc utn is parkolhatok. I can park there after eight. ppen lefel megy. She is just going downstairs. Ez az ember a hzunk eltt van. This man is in front ov our house. Mg mindig megltogat? Does he still visit you? Az irodja az autbusz-llomssal szemben van. His office is opposite the bus station. A there is/there are egyszer mlt idej lalakjai: a there was/there were There were a lot of trees in this garden last year. Tavaly sok fa volt ebben a k ertben. Ismtls Az n ksei azok? Are those your knives? Mindig ltom t reggeli utn. (fit) I always see him after breakfast. Tedd a lmpt a knyvespolcra. Put the lamp on the bookcase. Hrom vekni kenyeret akarok venni. I want to buy three loaves of bread. Nyron nem megynk autval. I summer we don t go by car. ltalban mikor szokott felkelni? What time does he usually get up? Krem, maradjon vacsora utn. Please, stay after dinner. Egerek vannak ebben az pletben. There are mice in this building. - 127 -

A frjem szereti ezt a nyakkendt. My husband likes this tie. Fel akarod venni ezt a piros inget? Do you want to put on this red shirt? Ezek a nvnyek egy vvel ezeltt a kertnkben These plants were in our garden a voltak. year ago. Tegnap nem voltak az ebdlben. They weren t in the dinig-room yesterday. Libkat tart a kertben. (lny) She has geese in the garden. A szleid magasak voltak? Were your parents tall? Majdnem negyed hat. It s almost a quarter past five. Ltsz leveleket ezen a fn? Do you see leaves on this tree? Mi egy templommal tellenben lakunk. We live opposite a church. Holnap ngy utn kell felkelnem. I must get up after four tomorrow. n ltalban kilenckor reggelizem. I usually have breakfast at nine. Gyakran ltlak ez eltt a gyr eltt. I often see you in front of this factory. A fogai nem fehrek. (fi) His teeth aren t white. Egy rval ezeltt sok gyerek volt a parkban. An hour ago there were many children in the park. - 128 -

9. Lecke Msodik rsz j szavak dinner dinr vacsora, ebd (a f tkezs) the moon Dz mn a hold bird brd madr cellar szelr pince corner krnr sarok, szglet television set televizsn szet televzikszlk TV set tv szet tv-kszlk thing tszin(g) dolog, trgy cinema szinm mozi, filmsznhz shed sed fszer, kamra sock szok zokni living-room livin(g) rm nappali (szoba) seat szt ls, lhely Ms sorrendben television set televizsn szet televzikszlk shed sed fszer, kamra seat szt ls, lhely TV set tv szet tv-kszlk sock szok zokni cellar szelr pince dinner dinr vacsora, ebd (a f tkezs) thing tszin(g) dolog, trgy cinema szinm mozi, filmsznhz the moon Dz mn a hold living-room livin(g) rm nappali (szoba) bird brd madr corner krnr sarok, szglet - 129 -

Gyakorlat Birds are sitting on the trees in my garden Madarak lnek most a fkon a kertemben. now. The cellar in our house is large. Tgas a pince a hzunkban. I love to go to the cinema. Imdok moziba jrni. Put on your socks. Hzd fel a zoknidat! I always look for a seat on the bus. Az autbuszon mindig lhelyet keresek. The moon is shining now. A hold most vilgt. I often forget about many things. Gyakran megfeledkezem sok mindenrl. What time do you usually have dinner? n rendszerint mikor szokott vacsorzni? We have a television set in every room. Neknk minden szobban van egy televzink. The shed was too little. A fszer tl kicsi volt. This shop is in the corner. Ez a bolt a sarkon van. Our living-room is nice. A nappalink szp. We must buy a TV set. Egy tv-kszlket kell vsrolnunk. Jegyezd meg a kifejezseket on the bus az autbuszra in the corner a sarkon, a sarokban Fordtsd angolra A biciklid a fszerben van. Your bicycle is in the shed. Minden nap vilgt a hold? Does the moon shine every day? Van a nappaliban tv-kszlk? Is there a TV set in the living-room? Le akar lni? (akar egy lhelyet?) Do you want a seet? Nem szeretem a fehr zoknit. I don t like white socks. k a mozival szemben laknak. They live opposite the cinema. Van nhny rnivalm. I have some things to write. A szk a sarokban van. The chair is in the corner. A pincben sok egr van. There are a lot of mice in the cellar. Drga ez a televizi? Is this television set expensive? Vacsorzhatunk egytt? Can we have dinner together? - 130 -

Egyszer mlt idej mondatok szerkesztse ms igkkel Szemlyes nvms vagy fnv + ige + visited my mother yesterday. Tegnap megltogattam az [vizitid] desanymat He waited for me last week. Vrt rm a mlt hten. [ovjtid] Megfigyelhetted, hogy az ige ed vgzdst kapott. Ezt csak azok az igk kapjk, amelyek nem e betre vgzdnek. visit visited vizitid wait waited ovjtid Ha az ige vgzdse like liked ljkt e, akkor csak egy d bett illesztnk hozz.

az ed vgzds hasznlatakor a kvetkezkre figyeljnk: 1. Azon igk esetben, melyek y-ra vgzdnek, de ezt a bett egy mssalhangz elzi meg, az y bet i-re vltozik ugyangy, mint a fnevek tbbes szmnak kpzsekor. try tried trjd 2. Nhny ignl a szvgi mssalhangz megkettzdik csakgy, mint az vgzds esetbben. stop stopped sztopt Az ed toldalkkal kpzett igk kiejtsnl figyelembe kell venni: 1. Ha az ige szvgi mssalhangzja zngtlen, akkor az ed vgzds kiejtse [t]: look looked lukt 2. Ha az ige szvge zngs mssalhangz vagy magnhangz kivve az e bett akkor az -ed vgzds kiejtse [d]. show showed soud worry worried ovorid 3. Ha az ige szvgi mssalhangzja t vagy d, akkor a vgzds kiejtse [id]. visit visited vizitid - 131 ing

Gyakorlat We visited (vizitid) our parents yesterday. He entered (entrd) this shop a minute ago. They walked (ovkt) to work two days ago. Yesterday she stopped (sztopt) smoking. She wanted (ovontid) to visit us last week. I worried (ovorid) about you yesterday. They lived (livd) in London ten years ago. He listened (lisznd) to the radio yesterday. Egsztsd ki A szleim tegnap egy irodt nyitottak. Amikor belpett a hzba, mi a kertben voltunk. Tegnap megksznte azt neknk. Egy httel ezeltt beszltem a testvreddel. Kt rt vrtam r tegnap. Tavaly ngliban dolgoztunk. A sofr tegnap megmutatta (neknk) az autjt. A mlt hten gyalog mentnk az iskolba. Amikor gyerek voltam, imdtam ezt a biciklit. A bartja knyvet krt tle. k egyvvel ezeltt akartak oda menni. Tegnap az nyakkendit kerestk. Tegnap megltogattuk a szleinket. Egy perccel ezeltt lpett be a boltba. Kt nappal ezeltt gyalog mentek dolgozni. Tegnap abbahagyta a dohnyzst. Meg akart ltogatni bennnket a mlt hten. Tegnap aggdtam rted. Tz vvel ezeltt Londonban ltek. Tegnap a rdit hallgatta. My parets opened an office yesterday. When he entered the house we were in the garden. She thanked us for it yesterday. A week ago I talked with your brother. Yesterday I waited for her for two hours. Last year we worked in England. The driver showed us his car yesterday. Last week we walked to school. I loved this bicycle when I was a child. Her friend asked her for a book.

They wanted to go there a year ago. We looked for his ties yesterday. Az angol nyelvben egy csoport rendhagy ige is van, amelyek mlt idej alakjt nem a d

vagy ed kpzvel alkotjuk. Ezeket az igket, s rendhagy mlt idejket, kln-kln kell megtanulni. I. alak fnvi igenv II. alak Simple Past III. alak Past Participle (mlt idej mellknvi igenv) see sz -ltni saw sz seen szn go gou -menni went ovent gone gn - 132 -

have hev -birtokolni had hed had hed be eat drink btdrin(g)k -lenni -enni -inni was/were ate drank ovoz/ovrjtdren(g)k been eaten drunk bn tn drn(g)k Gyakorold a renhagy mlt idej igk hrom alakjt lenni be was/were been inni drink drank drunk ltni see saw seen menni go went gone enni eat ate eaten birtokolni have had had Fordtsd angolra Tegnap tl sok srt ittam. I drank too much beer yesterday. Kt vvel ezeltt volt egy laksom Two years ago I had an apartmant in London. Londonban. A szleim hrom httel ezeltt Angliba My parents went to England three weeks ago. mentek. Akkor lttam ezeket az embereket. I saw these people then. Tegnap sok almt ettnk. We ate a lot of apples yesterday. n reggel htkor munkban volt. You were at work at seven yesterday. A rendhagy fnevek jabb csoportja 1. A man s a woman fnevekbl kpzett foglalkozsnevek: postman pousztmen postmen pousztmn -posts(ok) policeman plszmen policemen plszmn -rendr(k) fireman fjrmen firemen fjrmn -tzolt(k) policewoman plszovumn policewomen plszovimin -rendrn(k) 2. Azok a fnevek, amelyek tbbes szmt es toldalk hozzadsval alkotjuk potato ptjtou potatoes ptjtouz -burgonya(k) tomato tmtou tomatoes tmtouz -paradicsom(ok) - 133 -

3. Azok a fnevek, melyek en toldalkot kapnak: ox oksz oxen okszn -kr/krk 4. Azok a fnevek, amelyek tbbes szmban is megtartjk egyes szm alakjukat deer dir deer dir -z/zek sheep sp sheep sp -birka/birkk, juh/juhok Gyakorlat Ezek a postsok leveleket hoznak a hivatalunkba. These postmen bring letters to ou r office. Azok a tzoltk magasak voltak. Szereted a burgony(ka)t? A paradicsom(ok) piros(ak). Ngy krnk s tz birknk volt. Ltod azokat az zeket a fk kzelben? Ismtls Egy knyvespocot akart tegnap csinlni, de nem volt r ideje. (fi) Rendszerint otthon reggelizem s egy tteremben vacsorzom. Azok a nyakkendk nem voltak szpek. Krhzban volt akkor? (lny) Vannak nvnyeid az ebdlben? A felesgek szeretnek a frjkkel stlni menni. Nyron nha esik az es, tlen pedig havazik. Fel tudsz kelni? A legjobb ltnymet kell felvennem. Szeretik a macskk az egereket? A fogaid szpek. (Szp fogaid vannak.) Tegye ezeket a knyveket ezekre a polcokra! Amikor lefel ment, kt gyereket ltott maga eltt. (fi) Ez a mozi az iskolnkkal szemben van. Those firemen were tall. Do you like potatoes? Tomatoes are red. We had four oxen and ten sheep. Do you see those deer near the trees?

He wanted to make a bookcase yesterday, but he had no time. I usually have breakfast at home and dinner at a restaurant. Those ties weren t nice. Was she in hospital then? Have you plants in the dining-room? Wives like to go for a walk with their husbands. It sometimes rains in summer, and in winter it snows. Can your get up? I must put on my best suit. Do cats like mice? You have nice teeth. Put these books on these shelves. When he went downstairs he saw two children in front of him. This cinema is opposite our school. - 134 -

Menj a pincbe, s hozd fel a zld szkeket. Egy j tv-kszlket akartam venni, de az tlsgosan drga volt. Tegnap aggdtam miattad. Ebben a pillanatban tbb, mint szz madr l a fnkon. Mindig kell, hogy legyen lhelyem az autbuszon. Tegnap tl sokat ettnk. A vrosunkban sok rendrn dolgozik. Tegnap lttam a biciklidet abban a fszerben, a kert sarkban. Tegnap egy posts vrt rd a hz eltt. Akkor tbb pnznk volt. Go to the cellar and bring the green chairs. I wanted to buy a good TV set, but it was too expensive. Yesterday I worried about you. More than a hundred birds are sitting on our tree at the moment. I must always have a seet on a bus. We ate too much yesterday. Many policewomen work in our town. Yesterday I saw your bicycle in that shed in the corner of the garden. A postman waited for you in front of the house yesterday. We had more money then. - 135 -

10. Lecke 10. Lecke Els rsz j szavak nurse nrsz poln, nvr, dajka football futbl labdargs, futball match mecs mrkzs, meccs very veri nagyon magazine megzn folyirat, magazin spring szprin(g) tavasz, tavaszi autumn tm sz, szi typist tjpiszt gprn newspaper njszpjpr jsg, hrlap, napilap tool tl szerszm, eszkz baker bjkr pk Ms sorrendben tool tl szerszm, eszkz football futbl labdargs, futball typist tjpiszt gprn magazine megzn folyirat, magazin very veri nagyon newspaper njszpjpr jsg, hrlap, napilap nurse nrsz poln, nvr, dajka autumn tm sz, szi baker bjkr pk spring szprin(g) tavasz, tavaszi match mecs mrkzs, meccs - 136 -

Gyakorlat She is reading a newspaper now. most egy jsgot olvas. Is it still spring? Mg mindig tavasz van? My father keeps his tools in the shed. Az apm a kamrban tartaj a szerszmait. Do they like magazines for women? Szeretik a nknek szl folyiratokat? My sister is a nurse. A nvrem poln. Must we have a typist in the office? Kell neknk egy gprn az irodban? There is a football match tonight. Ma este lesz egy labdarg-mrkzs. Autumn comes after summer. Az sz a nyr utn jn. This baker makes very good bread. Ez a pk nagyon j kenyeret kszt (st). Egsztsd ki Ezek a szerszmok nagyon drgk. These tools are very expensive. Tavasszal a fk zldek. In spring the trees are green. A mi irodnkban kt gprn dolgozik. Two typists work in our office. Gyakran megy n futballmrkzsekre? Do you often go to football matches? Ennek a pknek a boltja a sarkon van. This baker s shop is in the corner. Az anym poln. My mother is a nurse. sszel barnk a levelek. In autumn the leaves are brown. Olvassa el ez a folyiratot! Read this magazine. Hozd ide nekem az jsgomat. Bring me my newspaper. Nhny j rendhagy ige do d did did done dn drive drjv drove drouv driven drivn speak szpk szpoke szpouk spoken szpoukn take tjk took tuk taken tjkn read rd read red read red write rjt wrote rout written ritn Gyakorlat He did it yesterday. () tegnap csinlta ezt. A year ago we drove to England. Egy vvel ezeltt autval mentnk Angliba. - 137 -

The nurse spoke with her friend last week. Yesterday I took the children to school. I read this book many years ago. My husband wrote a letter to his sister. Fordtsd angolra A mlt hten a nvre rt egy hossz levelet neki. (fi) Az sszes pnzket elvittk tegnap. Akkor elhajtott. Tegnap egy szp levelet olvastam. Kt nappal ezeltt beszltnk velk. k tegnap csinltk azt. Az poln a mlt hten beszlt a bartnjvel. Tegnap n vittem a gyerekeket az iskolba. Ezt a knyvet sok vvel ezeltt olvastam. A frjem rt egy levelet a nvrnek. Last week his siter wrote a long letter to him. They took all our money yesterday. Then he drove. Yesterday I read a nice letter. We spoke to them two days ago. They did it yesterday. Krdsek s tagadsok kpzse egyszer mlt idben. Az egyszer jelen idhz (simple present) hasonlan, az egyszer mlt idben is egy segdigt hasznlunk. Ez a segdige a to do ige mlt idej alakja, did. A mondat szerkezete: Segdige + szemlyes nvms, vagy fnv + ige jelen idej alakja + . .. Did you read this book yesterday? Ne felejtsd: abban a mondatban, amelyikben a did segdigt hasznljuk, az ige to nlkli, jelen idej alakjt alkalmazzuk! Figyeld meg a mondatokat: Mary saw John yesterday. Did mary see john yesterday? Ltta Mria Jnost tegnap? They smoked many cigarettes Did they smoke many Sok cigarettt, szvtak (k) el last year. cigarettes last year? az elmlt vben/tavaly. She drank too much beer last Did she drink too much beer Tl sokk srt ivott tegnap night. last night? este/jjel?

Jegyezd meg a kvetkez idhatrozt! Last night tegnap este/jjel - 138 -

Az igenl vlaszokat a yes, a megfelel szemlyes nvms s a segdige alkalmazsval kpezzk. A tagad vlasz a no szcskt, a szemlyes nvmst, a segdige megfelel alakjt s a not tagadszt foglalja magban. A did not szerkezet didn t (didnt) alakra rvidthet. Pldk The nurse gave me a newspaper yesterday. Did the nurse give me a newspaper yesterday? Tegnap adott nekem az pojsgot? ln Yes, she did. Igen. No, she didn t. Nem. They wanted to go there last year. Did they want to go there last year? Az elmlt vben oda akartak menni? Yes, they did. Igen. No, they didn t Nem. Szerkesz krdseket, igenl s tagad vlaszokat. She worried about her son yesterday. Did she worry about her son yesterday? Yes,>she did. No,>she didn t. You took the money. Did you take the money? Yes,>I did. No,>I didn t. My daughter did it two days ago. Did my daughter do it two days ago? Yes,>she did No,>she didn t They ate too much bread yesterday. Did they eat too much bread yesterday? Yes,>they did No,>they didn t A kiegsztend krdsek szerkesztsekor a krdszt a did sz el Helyezk. John went home yesterday. Where did John go yesterday? Hov ment Jnos tegnap? She wanted these books. They listened to music last

night. What did she want? When did they listen to music? Mit akart ? Mikor hallgatnak k zent? Azon krdseknek a szerkezete, amelyben a who krdsz szerepel, kijelent jeleg, ezrt az ige 2.alakban(Simple past) van: Peter spoke to me last Sunday. Who spoke to me last Sunday? We opened the shop last week. Who opened the shop last week? Pter a mlt vasrnap beszlt velem. Ki beszlt velem a mlt vasrnap? Mi a mlt hten nyitottuk meg a boltot. Ki nyitotta meg a boltot a mlt htn? - 139 -

Fordtsd angolra Hol dolgozott ez az poln tavaly? Where did this nurse work last year? Szerettk a munkjukat ezek a gprnk? Did these typists like their work? Ki ment Angliba tavaly tavasszal? Who went to England last spring? Ezek a napilapok s magazinok a konyhban, Were these newspapers and magazines on th e az asztalon voltak? table in the kitchen? Tegnap bevitted a szerszmokat a kamrba? Did you take the tools to the shed yesterd ay? Lttad az ebdljket? Did you see their dining-room? Hov mentek Mria szlei tegnap? Where did Marys parents go yesterday? n reggelizet tegnap? Did you have brekfast yesterday? Ki lltotta le a forgalmat? Who stopped the traffic? j szavak again gjn/gn jbl, jra, ismt, megint before bifr eltt azeltt busy bizi foglalt, elfoglalt ready redi ksz full ful tele, teli, teljes till til (a)mg, -ig. (Idben) too t is, szintn to watch >tu ovocs nzni(meg) figyelni the other Dzi Dzr a msik, a tbbi Egsztsd ki Htf eltt volt itt. He Ltta t is. She saw him Ksz vagy? Mennnk kell. Ez a kt aut szp, de a was here before Monday. too. Are you ready? We must go. msik jobb. These two cars are nice, but the other is

better. Az autbusz tele volt emberekkel. The bus was full of people. Figyelj! A madr ismt nekel! Look! The bird is singing again! Tlsgosan el vagyok foglalva ahhoz, hogy I m too busy to go with you to the cinema. moziba menjek veled. nnek t rig kell dolgoznia. You must work till five o clock. Nzted tegnap a mrkzst? Did you watch the match yesterday? - 140 -

Jegyezd meg a kvetkez kifejezst. Here you are. hir j r Tessk.(itt van.) Pl.: Give me that book, please. Here you are. Krem, adja ide azt a knyvet. Tessk. j szavak All sorts of All kinds of l szrtsz ov l kjndz ov mindenfle mindenfajta sokfle, mindenfle My father liked all sorts of books. Yesterday we visited all kinds of shops. How are you? Az desapm mindenfle knyvet szeretett. Tegnap sokfle zletet ltogattunk meg. Hogy vagy? Az elz gyakorlat utols krdsvel ms szemlyekre is utalhatunk: Pl.: hogy van? (fi) How is he? Hogy vannak k? How are they? Hogy van a testvred? How is your brother? A tagad alak sszevont formja, a didn t, vagy a teljes fomja, a did not, kijelent mondatokban is hasznlhat. Mindig legyl figyelemmel arra, hogy amikor a did sz jelen van a mondatban, a fige to nlkli sztri, azaz 1. igealakban van. He didn t see his children yesterday. Tegnap nem ltta a gyermekeit. My mother s friend didn t come to us last Az anym bartja nem jtt el hozznk a mlt week. hten. Fordtsd angolra Akkor nem rtettem t (fit) I didn t understand him them. Nem akartk megkeresni (azt) tegnap. They didn t want to look for it yesterday. A szleim nem felejtettek el megltogatni My parents didn t forget to visit me yasterd ay. engem tegnap. - 141 -

Nem hagyta abba a dohnyzst, amikor korhzban volt. A felesgem nem ezt a zld cipt vette fel tegnap. Ismtls Mikor lttad ezt a mrkzst? Neki mindenfle szerszmai voltak. Ez az ember pk volt? Mirt vezetett n tegnap autt? Ki rta ezt a levelet? Hogyan csinltk azt? Tegnap nem ittunk srt. Olvastl arrl az jsgban tegnap? Hogy vagy? Tegnap tlsgosan elfoglalt voltam ahhoz, hogy beszljek veled. Mikor ltta n azt a msik embert? Tegnap megksznted a nvrednek ezt a knyvet? Kiejtsi gyakorlat au brown shoetown tooour room hour dotower two He didn t stop smoking when he was in hospital. My wife didn t put on these green shoes yesterday. When did you see this match? He had all kinds of tools. Was this man a baker? Why did you drive a car yesterday? Who wrote this letter? How are did you? We didn t drink beer yesterday. Did you read about it in the newspaper yesterday? How are you? I was too busy yesterday to talk with you. What time did you see the other man?

Did you thank your sister for this book yesterday? ou j smoke table no take so wait go day know plane - 142 -

10. Lecke Msodik rsz Olvasd el a prbeszdet John: Can I talk to your hasband for a minute or two? Mary: I think you can t. My husband went to our daughter at a quarter to six. John: Why did he go there? Mary: He wanted to buy a bookcase and a lamp for her in the shop opposite our house. Tom: What did Peter do after he came home? Barbara: He went to the hospital where his mother was. Tom: Did he stay long with his mother? Barbara: No, he didn t. He talked to her and they listened to the radio together. Mary: Were you at home yesterday? Peter: Yes, I was, but I wanted to go to the cinema. Mary: Did you go? Peter: No, I didn t. My friend visited me. We stayed at home. We wanted to wach football match. John: What did you do last week? Barbara: On Monday I read a letter. It was a very nice letter. John: Did you go to work on Tuesday? Barbara: Yes, I did. I had a lot of work to do and I was very busy. I wrote all sorts of letters. John: Are you a typist? Barbara: Yes, I am. I like this work.

Mary: Did you have time to talk to John last week? Peter: Yes, I did. Mary: How is he? Peter: He is all right. On Wednesday he stopped smoking. Mary: Did he also stop drinkig beer? Peter: Yes, he did. Barbara: Tom, where did you live when you were a little boy? Tom: When I was a little boy I lived in a little house with my parents. Barbara: Did your parents have a garden, too? Tom: Yes, they did. The garden was very nice. We liked to eat in the garden. Barbara: And what about animals? Tom: My parents keept geese and sheep in the garden, so many children visited me then . John: Mary, come downstairs! Mary: I m coming! John: Can you see that car in front of the shop on the corner? Mary: Yes,I can. It was oppesite our house yesterday. Whose car is it? John: It s my frend s car. Yesterday I wanted to buy it. Mary: Did you buy it? John: No, I didn t. Mary:

Why? John: Because it was too expesive. Barbara: Is Tom at home? Peter: No, he isn t. Tom is still working. Barbara: I saw him at nine in the morning. Peter: Usally he gets up at nine in the morning, but today he had breakfast at seven. Barbara: Did he have time to go for a walk with your dog? - 143 -

Peter: No, he didn t. After breakfast he went to work. Mary: What did you have for dinner yesterday Tom: I had some potatoes and tomatoes. John: I have a letter for you. Here you are. Barbara: Thank you. Ismtlsi gyakorlat A frjem tegnap a nappaliban vacsorzott. My husband ate dinner in the living-room yesterday Lttad ezeket a nvnyeket a kertben? Did you see these plants in the garden? Nem k csinltk ezt a knyvespolcot. They didn t make this bookcase. nnek beszlni kell Jnos nvrvel. You must talk to John s sister. Akkor mennyi ideig maradtl ott? How long did you stay there then? Tegnap nem dolgoztak. They weren t at work yesterday. Kinek volt ngy felesge? Who had four wives? Vacsora utn moziba megynk. After dinner we are going to the cinema. Nem kelt fel reggeli eltt. He didn t get up before breakfast. A knyvszekrnynknek tizenkt polca van. Our bookcase has twelve shelves. rdekldtem a rendrktl e fell az utca I asked the policemen about this street. fell. Hol vetted ezt a televzit? Where did you buy this television set? Akkor sok madr volt a kertnkbe. We had many birds in the garden then. Vilgtott a hold tegnap? Did the moon shine yesterday? Tavaly megprbltam megcsinlni azt. I tried to do it last year. Ez az jsg nagyon j. This newspaper is very good. Ki itta meg a temat? Who dronk my tea? (k) mikor jttek? When did they come? Hallott rla tegnap? Did you hear about it yesterday? Ez a hz tele volt emberekkel. This house was full of people. - 144 -

11. Lecke 11. Lecke Els rsz j szavak cold kould hideg, meghls the sky Dz szkj az g, az bolt cloud klaud felh fog fog kd wind ovind szl strong sztron(g) ers heat ht h(sg), forrsg temperature tempricsr hmrsklet, hemelkeds weather-forecast ovedzr frkszt idjrs-elrejelzs shawl sl kend, vllkend coat kout kabt, fellt boot bt csizma, magas szr cip Ms sorrendben heat ht h(sg), forrsg coat kout kabt, fellt the sky Dz szkj az g, az bolt fog fog kd cold kould hideg, meghls shawl sl kend, vllkend cloud klaud felh weather-forecast ovedzr frkszt idjrs-elrejelzs temperature tempricsr hmrsklet, hemelkeds boot bt csizma, magas szr cip wind ovind szl strong sztron(g) ers - 145 -

Gyakorlat It s very cold today. Ma nagyon hideg van. Put on your coat. Vedd fel a kabtod! The wind was strong yesterday. Tegnap a szl ers volt. She doesn t like heat. Nem szereti a hsget. We want to listen to the weather-forecast. Meg akarjuk hallgatni az idjrs-jelentst. There are many clouds in the sky. Az gen sok a felh. This is my best shawl. Ez a legjobb vllkendm. Do you like hight temperatures? Szereted a magas hmrskletet? There is usually fog in winter. Tlen rendszerint kd van. Where are my boots? Hol van a csizmm? Egsztsd ki Nem ltom t a kdben. I don t see her in the fog. Mjusban milyen a hmrsklet? What temperature is it in May? Az g kk (ma). The sky is blue today. Ez az kabtja? Is it his coat? Szeretik a hsget. They like heat. A hold a felhk mgtt van. The moon is behind the clouds. Az idjrs-elrejelzst olvashatja az You can read the weather-forecast in the jsgban. newspaper. Ez a csizma drga? Are these boots expensive? Tegnap egy vllkendt akart nekem venni. He wanted to buy me a shawl yesterday. Nem szeretem az ers szelet. I don t like strong wind. Ne adj neki hideg tet! Don t geve him cold tea. Fordtsd angolra Tegnap az desapm egy nagyon szp My father bought me a very nice shawl vllkendt vett nekem. yesterday. Magasan van a nap az gen? Is the sun high in the sky. A mlt hnapban hsg volt. Last month we had heat. A gyermekeink lzasak. Our children have a high temperature. Csizmt kell vennem. I must buy boots. - 146 -

Tegnap hideg volt? Was it cold yesterday? Mikor adja a rdi az idjrs-elrejelzst? What time is the weather-forecast on the radio? Ma tl ers a szl. The wind is too strong today. Felvehetem ezt a kabtot? Can I put on this coat? Nem ltom a napot a felhkn keresztl. I can t see the sun through the clouds. Londonban ma kd van. There is fog in London today. Jegyezd meg a kvetkez kifejezst: in the sky az gen Az a/an hatrozatlan nvelt foglalkozs, vallst vagy nemzetisget jell fnevek eltt minden esetben hasznljuk. Pl.: She is a typist. gprn. My sister is a nurse. A nvrem poln. He is a baker. pk. I am a catholic. Katolikus vagyok. Her husband is an American. A frje amerikai. Amikor olyan tisztsgrl beszlnk, amelyet csak egy szemly tlthet be, akkor a the hatrozott nvelt elhagyhatjuk. Pl.: Who is president of Hungary? Ki Magyarorszg elnke? Who is the president of Hungary? Ki Magyarorszg elnke? Ez elz mondatok j szavai Catholic ketszlik katolikus (valls) president prezidnt elnk A tulajdonneveket, s az ebbl szrmaz mellkneveket is az angolban mindig nagy kezdbetvel rjuk. - 147 -

Present Perfect Tense A Present Perfect Tense [preznt prfikt tensz] azaz a befejezett jelen idt gyakran sszetvesztik a Simple Past Tense-szel (egyszer mlt id). Mivel a magyar nyelvben ilyen

igeid nem ltezik, erre a leckre klnsen figyelj oda. A Present Perfect-et olyan esemnyeknl hasznljuk, amely a jelenben ppen most, vagy valamivel korbban befejezdtt, vagy a mltban kezddtt el (pl.: last week) s a jelenben i tart. A mondat szerkezete: Szemlyes nvms vagy fnv + have/has segdige + A fige III. alakja + She has bought a dog. Vett egy kutyt. I have seen that house. Lttam azt a hzat. We have been at home. Itthon vagyunk. A mondatban a segdige a to have megfelel alakja, amit nem lehet sz szerint fordtani. Ha szablyos igt hasznlunk, akkor ppgy, mint a Simple Past esetn, az ige vghez d vagy ed kpzt illesztnk. Gyakorlat I have had a temperature. Lzas lettem. (Belzasodtam.) She has taught me English. Angolt tantott nekem. My parents have smoked a lot of cigarettes. A szleim nagyon sok cigarettt elszvtak. I have known about his mother. Tudomsom van az desanyjrl. She has looked for her coat. A kabtjt kereste. They have waited for me at home. Otthon vrtak meg engem. Egsztsd ki rtam neki egy levelet. (finak) I have written a letter to him. Beszltnk velk. We have talked to them. Az idjrs-jelentst a rdiban hallottuk. We have heard the weather-forecast on the radio. (Egy ideje) nagyon hideg van. It has been very cold. - 148 -

Gondoltam arra. I have thought about it. Elkrtem tle a vllkendmet. (lnytl) I have asked her for my shawl. Mi hoztuk ezeket az jsgokat. We have brought these newspapers. Ezekkel az emberekkel dolgoztunk. We have worked with these people. Tl sok srt ittl. You have drunk toom much beer. Jnossal egytt jtt hozznk. (lny) She has come to us with John. Ezt elfelejtettem elhozni neked. I have forgotten to bring you this. A this (week, month ), today, tonight idhatrozk mellett is a Present Perfect igeidt hasznljuk. Ilyenkor a mltban trtnt, de a jelenhez kapcsold esemnyekrl beszlnk. Ezek az idhatrozk vagy a mondat elejre, vagy a vgre kerlnek. Pl.: I have been at home today. Ma otthon voltam. We have been at the cinema tonight. Ma este moziba voltunk. Today I have worked in the garden. Ma a kertben dolgoztam. She has seen her children this week. Ltta a gyerekeit ezen a hten. Egsztsd ki Ma virgokat vettem. I have bought flowers today. Ezen a hten megltogattuk a szleinket. This week we have visited our parents. Kifizettk a hzat ebben az vben. We have paid for the house this year. Ezt a levelet a hten kldtem el. I have sent this letter this week. Ebben a hnapban megnznk nhny filmet This month we have watched some films on a televziban. TV. Ma beszltem a nvremmel. I have talked to my sister today. Fordtsd angolra A szleink ma Angliba utaztak. Our parents have gone to england today. Ezen a hten egy kabtot s egy kendt This week I hve bought a coat and a shawl. vsroltam. Mria megltogatta a frje nvrt ma este. Mary has visited her husband s sister tonight. Ma beszltnk az desapnkkal. We have talked to our father today. Hemelkedsem volt a hten. I have had a temperature this week. A nyr nagyon hvs volt az idn. The summer has been very cold this year. Ma este levelet rtam a bartomnak. Tonight I have written a letter to my friend. Ebben az vben Londonban voltunk. This year we have been in London. - 149 -

A nvrem angolt tantott ebben az vben. My sister has taught English this year. Ezen a hten dlutn dolgoztunk. This week we have worked in the afternoon. j szavak outside autszjd kvl, kinn, kls foggy fogi kds to blow tu blou fj (szl) sunny szni napos, napfnyes, ders low lou alacsony awful fl borzaszt, szrny windy ovindi szeles cloudy klaudi felhs Ms sorrendben awful fl borzaszt, szrny windy ovindi szeles low lou alacsony sunny szni napos, napfnyes, ders outside autszjd kvl, kinn, kls cloudy klaudi felhs foggy fogi kds A to blow ige rendhagy: blow blou blew bl blown bloun Gyakorlat What weather was it yesterday? Milyen volt az tegnap az idjrs? It was awful. We had a lot of rain. Szrny volt. Sok es esett. Did the sun shine? Sttt a nap? No, it didn t the sky was very cloud. Nem. Az g nagyon bors volt. Was the temperature low? Alacsony volt a hmrsklet? Yes, it was very low. And it was windy. Igen, nagyon alacsony volt. s szeles volt az id. Was it foggy? Kd(s) volt? - 150 -

Yes, in the morning. Igen, reggel. Did you go outside yesterday? Voltl odakint tegnap? No, I stayed at home all day. Nem, egsz nap otthon (tartzkodtam). Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt kinn outside alacsony low felhs cloudy szeles windy napos szunny kds foggy Fordtsd angolra Milyen idnk van ma? What weather have we today? Ma szp idnk van. It is nice today. Reggel szeles s felhs volt, de most napos az In the morning it was windy and cloud y but id. now it is sunny. Nem fj a szl. The wind isn t blowing. A hmrsklet alacsony, de nincs kd (az id The temperature is low but it isn t foggy. nem kds). Azt hiszem, kinn vacsorzhatunk. I think we can have dinner outside. Figyeld meg az it sz hasznlatt, amikor az idjrsra vonatkozik: It was windy yesterday. Tegnap szeles volt az id(jrs). Now it is sunny. Most napos az id(jrs). Was it foggy yesterday? Kds volt az id(jrs) tegnap? It is nice today. Ma szp az idnk. Nhny plda, amelyekben a the hatrozott nvel elhagyhat We went by car yesterday. Teganp autval mentnk. They are still at work. Mg mindig dolgoznak. We are driving east now. Most kelet fel autzunk. We have been in town today. Ma a vrosban voltunk. They live in Station street. Az lloms utcban laknak. - 151 -

Egsztsd ki a megfelel idej igealakkal a mondatokat Tegnap gyalog mentem dolgozni. Yesterday I walked to work. Egy httel ezeltt tudtunk rlat. We knew about it a week ago. Mria az sszes levelet elkldte ma. Mary has sent all letters today. Sok nvnyt lttunk (eddig). We have seen a lot of plants. Tegnap egy kabtot s egy kendt vettem Yesterday I bought him a coat and a shawl. neki. Ebbe az pletbe mentek be. They have entered this building. Ma kds nap van. Today it has been a foggy day. A mlt hten ers szl fjt. Last week a strong wind blew. Tegnap akartk megcsinlni. They wanted to do it yesterday. Hossz idvel ezeltt ismertem meg t. I knew her a long time ago. Tavaly odaadtuk nekik a knyveinket. Last year we gave them our books. Ma sttt a nap. The sun has shone today. - 152 -

11. Lecke j szavak

Msodik rsz

stamp sztemp (levl)blyeg ticket tikit jegy novel novl regny telephone telifoun telefon tram trem villamos tram stop trem sztop villamosmegll bus stop bsz sztop autbusz-megll flower flaur virg bank ben(g)k bank calendar kelindr naptr secretary szekrtri titkrn purse prsz erszny, pnztrca Ms sorrendben tram trem villamos bank ben(g)k bank ticket tikit jegy purse prsz erszny, pnztrca stamp sztemp (levl)blyeg novel novl regny flower flaur virg bus stop bsz sztop autbusz-megll calendar kelindr naptr tram stop trem sztop villamosmegll secretary szekrtri titkrn telephone telifoun telefon Gyakorlat She has bought seven stamps. Ht blyeget vsrolt. We have tickets for the bus. Az autbuszra vannak jegyeink. They didn t have a telephone last year. Tavaly nem volt telefonjuk. - 153 -

She is Peter s secretary. Pter titkrnje. We must go there by tram. Villamossal kell odamennnk. The bus stop is at the corner. Az autbusz-megll a sarkon van. She gave me flowers yesterday. Tegnap virgot adott nekem. Where is the tram stop? Hol van a villamos-megll? There is a calendar in the kitchen. A konyhban van egy naptr. The bank is opposite Peter s house. A bank Pter hzval szemben van. I have seen your purse on the table. Az asztalon lttam a pnztrcdat. He read this novel last week. A mlt hten olvasta a regnyt. Egsztsd ki A lnya titkrn. Her daughter is a secretary. Tudunk villamossal menni? Can we go by tram? Tegnap az autbusz-megllban vrtunk rd. Yesterday we waited for you at the bus stop. Szereted a hossz regnyeket? Do you like long novels? Nzz a naptrra. Look at the calendar. Kevs pnz van a pnztrcmban. There is little money in my purse. A tren van egy villamosmegll. There is a tram stop in the square. Itt nincs telefon. There is no telephone here. Meghozta a mozijegyeket. She has bought the tickets to the cinema. Menj a postra s vegyl blyegeket! Go to the post-office and buy stamp. Mehetnk egytt a bankban? Can we go to the bank together? Tegye a virgokat az rasztalra! Put the flowers on her desk. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt telefon telephone villamosmegll tram stop autbusz megll bus stop regny novel pnztrca purse bank bank villamos tram jegy ticket blyeg stamp virg flower - 154 -

naptr calendar titkr secretary Present Perfect Tense-nl hasznlatos idhatrozk a kvetkezk: recently rszintli mostanban latley ljtli az utbbi idben, nemrg already lredy mr yet jet mg, eddig so far szou fr (mind)eddig, a mai napig A yet idhatroz mindig a mondat vgre, a so far az elejre vagy a vgre, a tbbi idhatroz az ige III. alakja el, vagy a mondat vgre kerl. Gyakorold a Present Perfect igeidvel egytt hasznlt hatrozkat ever evr valaha, valamikor already lredi mr always lovjz mindig lately ljtli az utbbi idben, nemrg so far szou fr (mind)eddig, a mai napig never nevr soha(sem) just dzsszt ppen yet jet mg, eddig recently rszntli mostanban Gyakorlat I have never seen that girl. Mg sohasem lttam azt a lnyt. They have always liked this house. Mindig szerettk ezt a hzat. We have just had dinner. ppen most vacsorztunk. I have heard abaut him lately. Nemrg hallottam felle. They have already made ten bookcases. Mr tz knyvespolcot ksztettek el. We have worekd a lot recently. Mostanban sokat dolgozunk. Egsztsd ki Mr kt kutynk volt We have already had two dogs. ppen most hoztk ezeket a szkeket. They have just brought these chairs. - 155 -

Eddig reggel dolgoztunk. So far we have worked in the morning. Este mindig a parkban stltak. Hey have always walked in the park in the evening. Mostanban lttunk nhny szp vrost. We have seen some nice towns lately. Fordtsd angolra Mindig Angliba akartunk menni. We have always wanted to go to England. Sohasem szerette a frjt. She has never loved her husband. Jnos desanyja mostanban beszlt a John s mother has recently spoken to his wife. felesgvel. Mr t levelet rtam. I have already written five letters. ppen most megy el stlni. She has just gone for a walk. Eddig autval mentem dolgozni. So far I have gone to work by car. Mria s a frje nemrg nyitottak meg egy Mary and her husband have oppened shop boltot. lately. j szavak next to nekszt tu kzvetlenl vki/vmi mellett early rli korai, korn late ljt ks, ksn to get on tu get on felszllni (jrmre), beszllni to get off tu get of leszllni (jrmrl), kiszllni to say tu szj mondani, kimondani Ms sorrendben late ljt ks, ksn to say tu szj mondani, kimondani to get off tu get of leszllni (jrmrl), kiszllni early rli korai, korn to get on tu get on felszllni (jrmre), beszllni next to nekszt tu kzvetlenl vki/vmi mellett A to get on s a to get off igk alakjai megegyeznek a to get ignek azokkal az alakja ival, amelyeket az elz leckben mutattunk be. - 156 -

A to say ige rendhagy ige I. alak II. alak III. alak say szj said szed said szed Gyakorlat It is too early to go to the cinema. Tl korn van mg moziba menni. She has already got on the bus. Mr felszllt az autbuszra. We visited her late in the evening. Ks este ltogattuk meg t. Their house is next to the bank. A hzunk kzvetlenl a bank mellett van. I must get off at this stop. Ennl a megllnl kell leszllnom. He is saying it is very late. Azt mondja, hogy nagyon ks van. Egsztsd ki A negyedik megllnl kell leszllnom. I must get off at the fourth stop. n mindig korn kelek. I always get up early. Mellm l(het)sz? can you set next to me? Ks dlutn jtt hozznk. She came to us late in the afternoon. Szllj be! El tudlak vinni a bankba. Get on! I can take you to the bank. Azt mondja, ez a hz tl drga. She says this house is too expensive. Az angol nyelvben a hatroz (pl.: Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt Felszllni to get on ks late mondani to say valami mellett next to leszllni to get off korn early A late idhatroz tbb jelentsben is szerepelhet: early ) ltalban az ige utn kvetkezik.

It was too late to go there. Tl ks volt, hogy odamenjnk. The bus was late yesterday. Tegnap ksett az autbusz. He was late for breakfast in the morning. Reggel lekste a reggelit. - 157 -

Ismteld t a lecke teljes anyagt Ma nagyon hideg volt. ppen most mondta, hogy nem tud velnk jnni ( menni ). (fi) Tegnap vetted ezt az autt? Kerestem az desanymat. Kabtot s kendt kell felvennem, mert hideg van. Ma a gyerekeinknek magas lzuk lett. Ers szl fjt tegnap? Eddig hrom regnyt olvastam. Tegnap napos id volt. Nem szeretem a kds reggeleket. Este kimegynk. Szeretek angol regnyeket olvasni. Megvehetem a mozijegyeket. Tudsz nekem kt blyeget adni? Egy piros telefont vettnk a konyhba. Reggel a villamosmegllban lttam t. (lnyt) Mirt adtl neki virgokat? (lnynak) A titkrnm ma elfelejtette magval hozni a pnztrcjt. Ezeknek az emberekenek van telefonjuk? Hol vehetek egy naptrt? Sohasem jrt iskolba. (fi) Mr abbahagytam a dohnyzst. ppen most reggeliztnk. Kora reggel ott voltam. Tegnap mirt kstl a munkbl? Ennl a megllnl kell felszllnod, s a posta mellett leszllnod. Ksik a vonat? It has been very cold today. He has just said he can t go with us. Did you buy this car yesterday? I have looked for my mother. I must put on a coat and a shawl because it is cold.

Our children have had a high temperature today. Did a strong wind bolw yesterday? I have read three novels so far. It was a sunny day yesterday. I don t like foggy mornings. In the evening we are going outside. I like to read English novels. I can buy tickets to the cinema. Can you give me two stamps? We have bought a red telephone for the kitchen. I saw her at the tram stop in the morning. Why have you given her flowers? My secretary has forgotten to take her purse today. Have these people a telepone? Where can I buy a calendar? He has never gone to school. I have already stopped smoking.

We have just had breakfast. I was there early in the morning. Why were you late for work yesterday? You must get on at this stop and get off next to the post-office. Is the train late? - 158 -

Kiejtsi gyakorlat ou e j low best eat buy ago west keep sky show seven teach high coat get feet tie - 159 -

12. Lecke 12. Lecke Els rsz j szavak floor flr padl, emelet carpet krpit sznyeg floor lamp flr lemp lllmpa curtains krtinz fggny ceiling szlin(g) plafon, mennyezet fireplace fjrpljsz kandall wall-paper ovl pjpr tapta socket szokit foglalat, konnektro picture pikcsr kp armchair rmcser karosszk, fotel settee szet pamlag, kanap Ms sorrendben curtains krtinz fggny settee szet pamlag, kanap floor flr padl, emelet fireplace fjrpljsz kandall socket szokit foglalat, konnektro floor lamp flr lemp lllmpa carpet krpit sznyeg ceiling szlin(g) plafon, mennyezet wall-paper ovl pjpr tapta armchair rmcser karosszk, fotel picture pikcsr kp - 160 -

Gyakorlat This room is awful. Szrny ez a szoba. I think we must put the settee next to the Azt hiszem, a kanapt kzvetlenl a kandall fireplace. mell kell tennnk. What about the curtains? s mi legyen a fggnykkel? They must be brown. Barna sznnek kell lennik. I also want to put the armchairs next to the A karosszkeket pedig az asztal mell a karom table. tenni. We must also have white wall-paper. Fehr taptt is kell szereznnk. What do you think about a yellow carpet on Mit szlnl egy srga sznyeghez a padln? the floor? Yes, and there must be no lamp on the ceiling. Igen, s a plafonra egyetlen lmpa se m kell. We have many sockets in the room so we can A szobban nagyon sok konnektor van, gy have floor lamps. ll lmpink lehetnek. And what do you want to do with these s mit akarsz csinlni ezekkel a kpekkel? pictures? I don t want them here. Nekem nem kellenek ide. (Itt nem akarom ket.) Jegyezd meg a kifejezst There must be no lamp. Egyetlen lmpa sem kell. Egsztsd ki A konnektor a mgtt a szk mgtt van. Hol vehetek sznyeget ebbe a szobba? Ennek a plafonnak fehrnek kell lennie? Mindig szerettem ebben a fotelban lni. Az ablak mell tettem ezt az lllmpt. Tegnap egy nagyon szp kpet lttam. Ezek a fggnyk tlsgosan drgk. A pamlag a szoba sarkban van. A gyerekek most a padln lnek. Volt akkor kandalld? Mikor vetted ezt a taptt? The socket is behind that chair. Where can I buy a carpet for this room? Must this ceiling be white? I have always liked to sit in this armchair. I have put this floor lamp next to the window. I saw a very nice picture yesterday. These curtains are too expensive. The settee is in the corner of the room. The children are sitting on the floor now. Did you have a fireplace then?

When did you buy this wall-paper? - 161 -

Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt kanap settee lllmpa floor lamp konnektor socket tapta wall-paper plafon ceiling sznyeg carpet padl floor fggny curtains kandall fireplace kp picture fotel armchair

Tudjuk, hogy a some hatrozatlan nvms llhat megszmllhat fnv eltt (ebben az esetben jelentse valamennyi, nhny) s megszmllhatatlan fnv eltt (ilyenkor a jelentse egy kevs, valamenny). Ezt a nvmst kt msik hatrozatlan nvms szinonmjaknt is hasznljuk: 1. A little [ litl] egy kevs, valamennyi (megszmllhatatlan fnv eltt) Pl.: There is a little bread on the table. Van egy kevs kenyr az asztalon. 2. A few [ fj] - -nhny, valamennyi (megszmllhat fnv eltt) Pl.: Ther are a few bottles on the floor. Nhny veg van a padln. Helyettestsd a some -t az a little/a few -val I visited some friends yesterday. I visited Bring me some wall-paper. Bring me a little Can you give me some money? Can you give me I have smoked some cigarettes today. I have a few friends yesterday. wall-paper. a little money? smoked a few cigarettes today.

Krdsek s vlaszok kpzse Present Perfect igeidben A krdseket a have/has segdige s a szemlyes nvms vagy fnv szrendjnek a megcserlsvel, vagyis fordtott szrenddel kpezzk. - 162 -

Gyakorlat I have already seen this Have you already seen this Lttad mr ezt a kpet? picture. picture? She has never read this book. Has she never read this book? Sohasem olvasta mg ez t a knyvet? Has she ever read this book? Olvasta mr valaha ezt a knyvet? You have written two letters Have you written two letters Kt levelet rtl meg eddig? so far. so far? Alaktsd krdss She has already had beakfast. Has she already had breakfast? My mother has never liked my husband. Has my mother ever liked my husband? They have taught me English. Have they taught me English? He has been at work today. Has he been at work today? We have already seen two pictures. Have we already seen two pictures? Igenl vlaszt a yes szval, a szemlyes nvmssal s a segdige megfelel alakjval kpezzk. Pl.: Have you cut your hair? Yes, I have. Igen. Have they already bought this house? Yes, they have. Igen. Has she just come? Yes, she has. Igen. Tagad vlaszokat a no tagadsz, a szemlyes nvms, a segdige megfelel alakja s a not tagadsz felhasznlsval kpezzk. A have not szerkezetet a haven t [hevnt], mg a has not szerkezetet a hasn t [heznt] formra rvidthetjk. Pl.: Have you cut your hair? No, I have not. Nem. No, I haven t. Have they already bought this house? No, they have not. Nem. No, they haven t. Has she already been in England? No, she has not. Nem. No, she hasn t. - 163 -

Egsztsd ki a vlaszokat. Has the sun shone today? Yes, it has. No, it hasn t. Have you already thought Yes, I have. No, I haven t. about it? Have they wanted to be there Yes, they have. No, they haven t. first? Has the secretary forgotten Yes, she has. No, she hasn t. about the letter? Kiegsztend krdseknl a segdige el tesszk a krd nvmst. Pl.: Where have you seen this girl? Hol lttad ezt a lnyt? What has she done so far? Eddig mit csinltl? Who has said this? Ki mondta ezt? How many books have your brought. Hny knyvet hoztl? A when mikor krd nvmst Present Perfect igeidben nem hasznljuk a krdsekben. Egsztsd ki Peter has been at home today. Where has Peter been today? She has given me a little beer. Who has given me a little beer? They have had a dog lately. What have they had lately? We have worked in the office this week. Where have we worked this week? They have already seen this church. What have they already seen? Az sszevont tagad formkat teljes tagad mondatok kpzsekor is hasznlhatjuk. Pl.: I haven t visited my mother yet. Mg nem ltogattam meg az desanymat. She hasn t read the newspaper yet. Mg nem olvasta az jsgot. They haven t seen my house yet. Mg nem lttk a hzamat. Az already idhatrozt tagad mondatokban, mg a yet idhatrozt llt mondatokban nem hasznlhatjuk. Mindkt hatroz felhasznlhat azonban krdsek kpzsnl. Jegyezd meg, hogy a yet hatroznak kt jelentse van: mr (krd mondatban) s mg nem (tagad mondatban). - 164 -

Fordtsd angolra Mg nem beszltem vele. (lny) Hallott mr rla? (lny) Mg nem kldtk el ezt a levelet. A hold nem vilgtott ma. Apa mg nem kelt fel. Voltl mr otthon? A gprk ma nem jttek dolgozni. I haven t talked to her yet. Has she heard it yet? We haven t sent this letter yet. The moon hasn t shone today. Father hasn t got up yet. Have you already been at home? The typists haven t come to work today. A to have ige alakjait az albbiak szerint lehet rvidteni: I have you have he has she has = = = = I ve you ve he s she s jv jv hz ve have you have they have = = = we ve you ve they ve ovv jv dzjv it has = it s Gyakorlat Megprbltad mr valaha abbahagyni a dohnyzst? Mennyi kvt ittl ma? Mg nem gondolkodtam rla. Mr megrettem. Mg nem jtt. (fi) Mostanban beszltnk vele. (fi) Mindeg szerette a virgodat. (lny) jabban nem nzzk a televzit. Hov tetted ezt a nvnyt? Have you ever stoped the smoking? How much coffee have you drunk tI haven t thought about it yet.

I ve already understond it. He hasn t come yet. We ve talked to him recently. She s always liked flowers. We haven t watched television receWhere have you put this plant? oday? ntly. Elljrszavak under ndr alatt over acrossfromby ouvr krosz from bj fltt, fl, r keresztl, keresztben, t-bl, -bl, -tl, -tl -nl, -nl, mellett loldalon - 165 -

Gyakorlat We usually work from seven to three. Rendszerint httl hromig dolgozunk. Bring a chair from the kitchen. Hozz egy szket a konyhbl! They are by the window. Az ablaknl vannak. I have it from my mother. Az az anymtl van. The dog is under the table. A kutya az asztal alatt van. The picture is over the lamp. A kp a lmpa fltt van. He is going across the street. Az utcn megy ppen keresztl. The office is across the square. A hivatal a tr tls oldaln van. Egsztsd ki Tedd azt az asztalt a konyhban keresztbe. Put that table across the kitchen. A fotelek az ablaknl vannak. The armchairs are by the window. A frjedtl kaptad ezeket a virgokat? Are these flowers from your husband? A repl a vros fltt repl. The plane is flying over the town. A macsknk szeret a kanap alatt lni. Our cat likes to sit under the settee. Kiejtsi gyakorlat r ou j early know fireplace too curtains low shine blue bird go sky you first over my who - 166 -

12. Lecke Msodik rsz Olvasd figyelmesen az albbi prbeszdet Mary: Did you hear the weather-forecast on the radio yesterday? Peter: Yes, I did. It was too cold yesterday to go for a walk. Mary: And it was foggy, too. Peter: I have never liked to walk in foggy weather, but the heat in summer was a lso awful for me. Mary: Do you want to have breakfast outside? Peter: No, I don t. I think the temperature is very low outside and the wind is blowing. Tom has already put on his coat and shawl. Barbara: We have a very nice house. John: Yes, you have, and there is a nice settee in the living-room. Barbara: We have bought two armchairs so far, and I want to buy a fireplace to t he bedroom. John: Have you ever seen a fireplace in a bedroom? Barbara: No, I haven t. Look, we can t put the floor lamp next to the table because there is no socket there. John: Yes, I see that. But you ve just bought nice, green wall-paper. Barbara: I wanted to buy a red telephone too, but there was little money in my purse. And what about those pictures on the wall? John: They are also very nice. I have always liked these pictures. Tom: Look at the calendar. Is it Sunday or Monday today? Barbara: Today is Sunday. Tom: Then we can go to the cinema today. Barbara: First you must buy the tickets and then we can go to the cinema. Tom: I have bought them. And we can go by tram. Barbara: Is the tram stop across the sqare? Tom: Yes, it is. I think we must get off at the fourth stop. Mary: Peter, a girl has just entered the house. Peter: Who is she?

Mary: I think she is a secretary. Peter: Does this secretary work in a bank? Mary: I think she does, but she has brought yu a letter from your sister. - 167 -

Barbara: Peter! What have you done so far? Peter: I ve been at work today. Why? Barbara. Because I want to go to the shop and I want to buy boots for me. Peter: It s too late to go to the shop now, and you can t buy those boots because th ey are too expensive. Barbara. Then I want to buy some flowers. Where have you seen those flowers? Peter: I saw them in the shop next to the bank. Ismtls Mikor hoztk? Meg akarnak tantani (engem) olvasni. Mirt vitted el a virgaimat? Ki akarta megvenni ezt a hzat? Most egy szp kanapt s karoszkeket keresnk. Ltod ezt a relt a park fltt? Mg nem beszltem vele. Megprbltam meglltani ket. Amikor felszlltam az autbuszra, meglttam a fivremet. Mr megjtt. (fi) Vezettl mr nagy autkat? Mostanban nem rtunk levelet a szleinknek. Ma nhny krdst tettek Fizettl mr a taptrt Az idjrs-elrejelzst A mi autbusz megllnk fel neknk. neki? (fi) tegnap hallottuk. az utca tloldaln

van. Eddig kt levelet rtam. Sohasem feledkezett meg a felesgrl. Ki tette ezt? Mikor jttl haza? Nzd a virgokat az ablak mellett. Eddig mg nem vettek fggnyket a msodik szobba. A nvrem mostanban vett nhny knyvet. When did they bring it? They want to teach me to read. Why have you taken my flowers? Who has wanted to buy this house? We are looking for a nice settee and armchairs

now. Do you see this plane over the park? I haven t talked to him yet. I tried to stop them. When I got on the bus I saw my brother. He s already come. Have you ever driven big cars? Lately we haven t written letters to our parents. They have asked us a few questions today. Have you paid him for the wall-paper yet? We heard the weather-forecast yesterday. Our bus stop is across the street. I have written two letters so far. He has never forgotten abut his wife. Who has done it? What time did you come home? Look at the flowers by the window. So far they haven t bought curtains for the second room. My sister has recently bought a few books. - 168 -

Mikor mutattad meg nekik a hzunkat? When did you show them our house? - 169 -

13. Lecke 13. Lecke Els rsz j szavak plate pljt tnyr fork frk villa spoon szpn kanl salt szlt s salt-cellar szlt szelr start egg eg tojs saucer szszr csszealj napkin nepkin szalvta toast touszt pirts (kenyr) toaster tousztr kenyrpirt egg-cup eg kp tojstart Ms sorrendben toast touszt pirts (kenyr) salt szlt s fork frk villa egg-cup eg kp tojstart napkin nepkin szalvta saucer szszr csszealj egg eg tojs salt-cellar szlt szelr start spoon szpn kanl plate pljt tnyr toaster tousztr kenyrpirt - 170 -

Gyakorlat We have just bought large plates. ppen most vsroltunk nagy tnyrokat. Bring a few forks. Hozz nhny villt. Can I take this spoon. Elvehetem ezt a kanalat? They must buy a salt-cellar. Nekik egy startt kell vennik. I love toasts for breakfast. Imdom a pirtst reggelire. We don t have salt at home. Nincs snk itthon. How many eggs did you eat for breakfast? Hny tojst ettl reggelire? Can you bring me a saucer? Tudsz nekem hozni egy csszealjat? Have we red napkins at home? Van otthon piros szalvtnk? Put the bread into the toaster. Tedd a kenyeret a prirtba! These egg-cups are very nice. Ezek a tojstartk nagyon szpek. Egsztsd ki Nekem kell egy kenyrpirt a konyhban. I must have a toaster in the kitchen. Hny tnyrt vettl? How many plates have you bought? Ezek a kanalak tlsgosan nagyok. These spoons are too big. Szereted a st? Do you like salt? Rendszerint egy tojst eszem minden nap. I usually eat one egg every day. Ezeket a tojstartkat anglibl hozzuk. We have brought these egg-cups from England. Melyik villkat akarod megvenni? Which forks do you want to buy? A start tele van. The salt-cellar is full. Krem, hozza ide a csszealjakat. Bring the saucers, please. A szalvta a szked alatt van. The napkin is under your chair. Megetted mr a pirtsaidat? Have you already eaten your toasts? Fordtsd angolra 23 kanl twenty three sppns 62 tojstart sixty-two egg-cups 1 csszealj s one saucer of salt 17 villa seventeen forks 12 kenyrpirt twelve toasters - 171 -

43 start forty-three salt-cellars 99 tnyr ninety-nine plates 13 szalvta thirteen napkins 100 tojs a hundred eggs nhny pirts some toasts Amint mr tanultuk, az angol nyelvben a birtokos nvms rendszerint a fnv eltt ll: This is my car. Ez az (n) autm. Our house is large. A (mi) hzunk nagy. Vannak azonban olyan esetek is, amikor a birtokos nvms csak magban, nll nvmsknt szerepel s nem kveti fnv. Ebben az esetben megvltozik az alakja is, amit nll birtokos nvmsnak nevezznk. Pl.: Mine mjn az eny(i)m yours jrz a tie(i)d, az n(i) his hiz az v(i) (hmnem) hers hrz az v(i) (nnem) its itsz az/ez (semelgesnem) ours aurz a mie(i)nk yours jrz a tie(i)tek, az nk(i) theirs Dzjrz az v(i)k Gyakorlat It is my car. Ez az (n) autm. This car is mine. Ez az aut az enym. Don t take his pen. Ne vidd el a(z ) tollt! Take yours. Vidd a tiedet! This is their money. Ez az pnzk. This money is theirs. Ez a pnz az vk. Egsztsd ki Ez a(z n) kerkprom. This is my bicycle. A tied ez a knyv? Is this book yours? Ezek a tollak az vi. These pens are his. - 172 -

Az a kabt az v. That coat is hers. Ezek a mi almink. Az vk ez a start? These are our apples. Is this salt-cellar theirs? Ez az ra az v. This clock is his. Az autja ez? Azok a csszk a tieid. Ezek az rasztalok az vik. Is it her car? Those cups are yours. These desks are theirs. Azok a mi macskink. Azok az n cipim. They are our cats. They are my shoes. j szavak. emptydelicious empti dilisszres zletes finom friedfatin a hurry frjd fet in hrislt kvr, hjas, zsros siets, srgs Ms sorrendben delicious dilissz zletes finom in a hurry friedemptyfatin hri frjd empti fet siets, srgs slt res kvr, hjas, zsros Jegyezd meg: To be in a hurry. Pl.: I am in a hurry. They were in a hurry. Sietek. k siettek. Gyakorlat These tomatoues re delicious. Don t eat in a hurry. He likes fried potatoes. Your cup is empty. This cat is very fat. Ezek a paradicsomok finomak. Ne siess az evssel! Szereti a slt krumplit. res a csszd. Ez a macska nagyon kvr. - 173 -

Egsztsd ki Ez a kvr ember tl sokat eszik. This fat man eats too much. res a tnyrja? Is her plate empty? Szertem a slt halat. I like fried fish. Sietsz? Are you in a hurry? Ez a sajt zletes. This cheese is delicious. Fordtsd le a szavakat siets in a hurry res empty kvr fat zletes delicious slt fried A jvben lejtszd cselekvsek kifejezsre az angol nyelveben tbbnyire a Simple future Tense [szimpl fjcsr tensz] igeidt hasznljuk. Kpzse egyszer: a will [ovil] segdighez fige I. alakjt, a fnvi igenevet tesszk. A mondat szerkezete: Szemlyes nvms + will segdige + fige I. alakja + I will come to you tomorrow. She will write a letter today. Az idhatrozkat a mondat elejre vagy a vgre tesszk. Azokat az idhatrozkat, melyek ms igeidben a mondat kzepn vannak, ebben az igeidben a fige el kerlnek. Gyakorlat He will visit his mother next week. A jvhten meg fogja ltogatni az desanyjt. They will have breakfast at seven tomorrow. Holnap htkor fognapk reggelizni. I will be at home in the evening. Este otthon leszek. We will wait for your till three o clock. Hromig fogunk rd vrni. They will always live here. Mindig itt fognak lakni. My father will go to England tomorrow. Az apm holnap angliba utazik. - 174 -

Egyes s tbbes szm 1. szemlyben (I, we) a will helyett a shall segdige is hasznlhat. A kznyelvben azonban a will segdigt gyakrabban hasznljuk. Egsztsd ki Holnap a kertben fogunk vacsorzni. Tomorrow we will have dinner in the garden. Jv hten Londonba megynk. Next week we will go to London. Kt nap mlva megltogatjuk a szleinket. We will visit our parents in two days. Holnap este hallgatni fogjuk a rdit. Tomorrow evening we will listen to the radio. Mi mindig egytt lesznk. We will always be together. A jv hten kifizetjk az autt. Next week we will pay for the car. Holnap rni fogok neki. I will write to him tomorrow. Stlni fognak menni reggel. They will go for a walk in the morning. sohasem fogja (azt) ltni. She will never see it. tkor munkban leszek. I will be at work at five. Fordtsd angolra A szleink holnap fognak hozznk jnni. Our parents will come to us tomorrow. A jv hten megprblok egy knyvszekrnyt Next week I will try to make a bookcase. kszteni. A harmadik megllnl fogunk leszllni. We will get off at the third stop. Mrciusban Londonba fogunk menni We will go to London in March. Holnap reggel ott leszek. I will be there tomorrow morning. Vrni fognak rnk. They will wait for us. Beszlni fogok vele errl a regnyrl. (fi) I will talk with him about this novel. Szerdn apa ideadja majd nekem az autt. Father will give me the car on Wednesday. Holnap stni fog a nap. The sun will shine tomorrow. j igk to leave tu lv elhagyni, otthagyni, elmenni, elutazni to boil tu bojl (fel)forralni, fzni (vzben) to use tu jz (fel)hasznlni, alkalmazni to pour tu pr nteni, mleni to pass tu psz tvbbadni, tadni - 175 -

to tell tu tel megmondani, mondani (valakinek valamit) to hang tu hen(g) felakasztani, fggeszteni, felaggatani to translate tu trenszljt fordtani, lefordtani Ms sorrendben to to to to to to to to boil tu bojl (fel)forralni, fzni (vzben) pass tu psz tvbbadni, tadni use tu jz (fel)hasznlni, alkalmazni tell tu tel megmondani, mondani (valakinek valamit) hang tu hen(g) felakasztani, fggeszteni, felaggatani translate tu trenszljt fordtani, lefordtani pour tu pr nteni, mleni leave tu lv elhagyni, otthagyni, elmenni, elutazni elutazni valahov !

Jegyezd meg: A to leave for jelentse magyarul: Az j igk kzl nhny rendhagy: I. alak II. alak III. alak leave lv left left left left tell tel told tould told tould (g)(g)(g) hang hen hung hn hung hn Gyakorlatok

They have already left. k mr elmentek. I want to hang this picture over the settee. Ezt a kpet a pamlag fl akarom akasztan i. Please, pour me some tea. Krem, ntsn nekem egy kis tet. I will tell him about it. Megmondom neki. Pass me the salt. Add ide a st. I will boil the water. Fel fogom forralni a vizet. I have already translated this letters. n mr lefordtottam ezt a levelet. We can t use Peter s car today. Ma nem hasznlhatjuk Pter autjt. - 176 -

Egsztsd ki Egy ht mlva Budapestre utazunk. Fztl tojsokat? Hasznlhatod a telefonjt. Kvt ntk neked. Ide tudod adni a cukrot? Sohasem fogok neki arrl beszlni. Tegnap felaggattam a fggnyket. Eddig kt knyvet fordtottam le. We will leave for Budapest in a week. Have you boiled eggs? You can use his telephone. I m pouring you coffee. Can you pass the sugar? I will never tell him about it. Yesterday I hung the curtains. So far I have translated two books. Tell/say Mind a kt ignek azonos a jelentse, de klnbz szvegkrnyezetben hasznljuk ket: *A say igvel mondunk, kimondunk valamit: He s said a few words about this novel. Mondott nhny szt errl a regnyrl. They say we have a nice house. Azt mondjk, hogy szp hzunk van. *A tell igvel valakinek mondunk valamit (to tell about valamirl): He s told me about the book. Beszlt nekem a knyvrl. She will tell you about my brother. Beszlni fog neked a btymrl. Egsztsd ki a to say vagy to tell ige megfelel alakjval Mr beszltem neked rla. I ve already told you about it. Azt mondja, hogy nem szerti a nvremet. He say he doesn t like my sister. Mondj valamit a munkdrl. Say something about your work. Azt mondja, hogy kk az g. He has said the sky is blue. mg nem szlt nekem arrl. He hasn t told me about it yet. Mikor akarsz szlni a felesgednek errl az When do you want to tell your wife about t his autrl? car? Fordtsd angolra Holnap tnyrokat s csszealjakat fogok Tomorrow I will buy plates and saucers. venni. Most nem tudom megfzni a tojsokat. I can t boil the eggs now! - 177 beszlni, szlni valakinek

Ezt a kpet a hlszobban fogjuk We will hang this picture in the bedroom. felakasztani. Ne vidd el az n kanalamat; vidd a tiedet! Don t take my spoon; take yours. Ez a slt hal finom. This fried fish is delicious. A gyermekeink szombaton jnnek hozznk. Our children will come to us on Saturday. Mondd meg nekem, hol vannak a szalvtk. Tell me where the napkins are. Hny pirtst tudsz megenni? How many toasts can you eat? Ez az aut az enym, az pedig az v. (fi) This car is mine and that is his. Mikor akarsz Budapestre utazni? When do you want to leave for Budapest? Hov akaszthatom a kabtomat? Where can I hang my coat? Februrig le kell fordtanom ezt a knyvet. I must translate this book by February. - 178 -

13. Lecke Msodik rsz j szavak arm rm kar knee n trd toe tou lbujj nail njl krm finger fingr (kz)ujj belly beli has chest cseszt mellkas elbow elbou knyk wrist riszt csukl wrist-watch riszt ovocs karra back bek ht shoulders souldrz vllak Ms sorrendben wrist-watch riszt ovocs karra elbow elbou knyk finger fingr (kz)ujj knee n trd shoulders souldrz vllak wrist riszt csukl chest cseszt mellkas nail njl krm arm rm kar back bek ht toe tou lbujj belly beli has - 179 -

Gyakorlat You have long arms. Hossz karjaid vannak. She was on her knees. Trdepelt. ( Trden volt. ) Every man has ten fingers and ten toes. Minden embernek tz ujj van a kezn s tz a lbn. Your nails are too long. Tl hosszak a krmeid. Men usually have hair on the chest. A frfiak mellkasa rendszerint szrs. My elbow is all right now. A knykm most mr rendben van. This wrist-watch is hers Ez a karra az v. You have a brown back. Barna a htad. She has a shawl on her shoulders Vllkendt visel a vlln. Is your wrist all right now? Most mr rendben van a csukld? Krdsek s vlaszok kpzse Simple Future igeid-vel

A Simple Future igeidben a krdseket a will [ovil] segdige s a fnv, illetve a szemlyes nvms felcserlsvel, vagyis fordtott szrenddel kpezzk. Pl.: She will go to budapest tomorrow. Will she go to budapest tomorrow? Budapestre fog holnap utazni? They will translate this letter. Will they translate this letter? Lefordtjk majd ezt a levelet? Gyakorlat We will leave for England tomorrow Will we leave for England tomorrow? Mother will tell them about this boy. Will mother tell them about this boy? They will hang ten pictures in their living-Will they hang ten pictures in their living room. room. He will use his father s car next mont. Will he use his father s car next month? Next week they will come to us. Will they come to us next week? Fordtsd angolra Megprbljk holnap megcsinlni (azt)? Will they try to do it tomorrow? Megveszed nekem ezt a kabtot? Will you buy me this coat? Elnekli majd ezt a dalt? (fi) Will he sing this song? - 180 -

Meg fogja mutatni neknk a szobjt? (fi) Will he show us his room? Dolgozol holnap? Will you work tomorrow? El fogjk vinni a gyerekeket Angliba? Will they take the children to England? Igenl vlaszt a yes szcskval, a szemlyes nvmssal s a will segdigvel kpezzk. Will they make a bookcase tomorrow? Yes, they will. Will you ask him this question? Yes, I will Will she visit her brother next week? Yes, she will. Egsztsd ki a megfelele szemlyes nvmst, s a segdigt. Will Will Will Will Will he write to you? Yes, he will she cut the trees tomorrow? Yes, she will you thank them for the book? Yes, I will she wait for us? Yes, she will your brother come to you next month? Yes, he will.

Tagad vlaszt a no tagadsz, a szemlyes nvms, a will segdige, s a not tagadsz felhasznlsval kpezznk. A will not szerkezetet won t [ovount] alakra rvidthetjk: Will you pay for dinner? Will he send this letter? Will your parents visit you tomorrow? No, I will not. No he will not. No, they will not. No, I won t. No, he won t. No, they won t. Gyakrolat Will they talk to you? Will Peter show you the suit? Will he use this chair? Will she tell me about this man? No, they won t. No, he won t. No, he won t. No, she won t. Kiegsztend krdseket gy kpznk, hogy a segdige el krdnvmst tesztnk. When will you come? Mikor jssz? Where will they at dinner? Hol fognak vacsorzni? Who will do it? Ki fogja azt megtenni? - 181 -

Fordtsd angolra Mikor fogsz felkelni holnap? What time will you get up tomorrow? Melyik autval fogsz Londonba menni? What car will you dirve to London? Mikor fogsz dolgozni menni? When will you go to work? Ki fogja keresni a kutyt? Who will look for the dog? Hov akasztod majd a telefont? Where will you hang the telephone? A will not/won t szerkezetet teljes mondatokban is hasznljuk. I won t put on coat. Nem fogom felvenni ezt a kabtot. They won t buy this house. Ezt a hzat nem fogjk megvenni. My sister won t teach in this school. Az n nvrem nem fog ebben az iskolban tantani. Fordtsd angolra Sose leszek gprn I will never be a typist. Az desanym holnap krhzba megy. My mother will go to hospital tomorrow. Kt ht ht mlva nem lesz munknk. We won t have work in two weeks. Ki fog rd vrni? Who will wait for you? Hol fogunk megllni? Where will we stop? Lefordtod ezt a levelet? Will you transleate this letter? Beszlnk majd veled errl a boltrl. We will tell you about this shop. j szavak electric ilektrik elektromos, villamos tired tjrd fradt sweet szovt des only ounli csak, csupn hungry hngri hes thirsty tszrszti szomjas Ms sorrendben only ounli csak, csupn hungry hngri hes electric ilektrik elektromos, villamos tired tjrd fradt - 182 -

thirsty tszrszti szomjas sweet szovt des Jegyezd meg a kvetkez szkapcsolatokat: I am thirsty jelentse: 1. Szomjas vagyok.- Konkrt rtelemben 2. Szomjazom valamire. tvitt rtelemben I am hungry jelentse: 1. hes vagyok. Konkrt, biolgiai rtelemben 2. hezem valamire. tvitt rtelemben Gyakorlat Vannak elektromos szerszmaik? Have they electric tools? Tegnap nagyon fradt s hes voltam. I was very tired and hungry yesterday. Hol vetted ez(eke)t az des elm(ka)t? Where did you buy these sweet apples? Szomjas vagyok. I am thirsty. Csak egy levelet kldtek nekem. They have sent me only one letter. Az only

kifejezs jelentse hatrozott nvelvel elltva megvltozik. A the only jelentse: the nvel birtokos nvmssal helyettesthet.

az egyetlen, az egyedli. A

Pl.: It s the only plant in this room. He s my only brother Ez az egyetlen nvny ebben a szobban. az egyetlen fivrem. j igk to taste to feel to begin to build to catch to fall tu tjszt tu fl tu bigin tu bild tu kecs tu fl megkstolni, megzlelni rezni, rzkelni kezdeni, elkezdeni pteni megfogni, elkapni, megragadni leesni, lehullani - 183 -

Gyakorlat When did you build this house? Mikor ptetted ezt a hzat? Today I feel very good. Ma nagyon jl rzem magam. Have you already tasted the fish? Megkstoltad mr a halat? The leaves are falling from the trees. A levelek hullanak a frl. Summer always begins in june. A nyr mindig jniusban kezddik. I must catch the train early in the morning. Korn reggel el kell rnem a vonatot. Nhny rendhagy ige: I. alak II. alak III. alak Feel Fl Felt Felt Felt Felt Begin Bigin Began Bigen Begun Bign Catch Kecs Caught Kt Caught Kt Build Bild Built Bilt Built Bilt Fall Fl Fell Fel Fallen fln Egsztsd ki a megfelel igkkel A macska ppen most fogott egy madarat. The cat has just caught a bird. Tegnap elestem. I fell on the floor yesterday. k mg nem ptettk fel ezt a hzat. They haven t built this house yet. Mikor kezded el olvasni, When will you begin to read it? Hogy rezted magad, amikor arrl beszlt How did you feel when he told you about it? neked? Ismtls A boltba fogok menni s tnyrokat meg I will go to the shop and buy plates and szalvt(ka)t veszek. napkins. Ettl te valaha tojst? Have you ever eaten eggs? Nem vagyok hes. I m not hungry. Ma nem az n autmat viszem. Az vt I m not taking my car today. I will take hers. fogom vinni. (lnyt) Ez a vacsora finom volt. This dinner was delicious. Tegnap elkezdtnk egy fszert pteni a Yesterday we began to build a shed in the kertben. garden. Nem fogok res autbuszon menni. I won t go by an empty bus. - 184 -

Mikor fogod megkeresni a kutymat? When will you look for my dog? Ezt a kpet nem tudom felakasztani. I can t hang this picture. Ideadta nekem a st. He passed me the salt. Mondd meg, hol a btyd. Tell me where your brother is. Sose fogjk ezt a knyvet lefordtani. They will never translate this book. Azt mondta, hogy nem lesz sofr. (fi) He has said he won t be a driver. Hny krme van egy kutynak. How many nails has a dog? Neked fogom adni az rmat. I will give you my watch. Nem akarok inni, de szomjas vagyok. I don t want to drink but I am thirsty. Kiejtsi gyakrolat u j oj j book taste pour boy fried look plate floor boil bright put late door why good date sky - 185 -

14. Lecke 14. Lecke Els rsz j szavak platform pletfrm peron, vgny glass glsz veg, pohr accident ekszidnt baleset ashtray estrj hamutart hammer hemr kalapcs vegetables vedzsitblz zndsg(fle) key k kulcs stroy sztri trtnet, elbeszls meat mt hs news njz hr(ek), jsg, tudsts wood ovud fa, erd Ms sorrendben vegetables vedzsitblz zndsg(fle) accident ekszidnt baleset news njz hr(ek), jsg, tudsts key k kulcs platform pletfrm peron, vgny hammer hemr kalapcs stroy sztri trtnet, elbeszls meat mt hs ashtray estrj hamutart wood ovud fa, erd glass glsz veg, pohr - 186 -

Gyakorlat Bring me that big hammer. Hozd ide nekem azt a nagy kalapcsot! Don t forget to take the keys. Ne feledd a kulcsokat elvinni! Have you heard the news? Hallottad a hrt? There were many people on the platform. Sok ember volt a peronon. There was an accident in the street. Volt az utcban egy baleset. Will you eat meat tomorrow? Eszel hst holnap? He drank a glass of water. Ivott egy pohr vizet. There is a lot of glass on the floor. A padln sok veg van. Who has told you this story? Ki mondta neked ezt a trtnetet? We don t have ashtrays at home. Neknk nincs otthon hamutartnk. They used good wood to make the chairs. J ft hasznltak a szkek elksztshez. Do you want only vegetables for dinner? Csak zldsget akarsz vacsorra? There are many woods in England. Sok erd van Angliban. Egsztsd ki Adj neki egy pohr tejet! Give him one glass of milk. A kalapcs leesett a fldre (padlra). The hammer fell on the floor. Ez hossz trtnet lesz. It will be a long story. Vannak hreid a balesetrl? Have you news about the accident? Az asztalra tettem a kulcsokat. I have put the keys on the table. Vigyl el egy kevs hst! Take a little meat. Egy erd mellett akarok lakni. I want to live next to a wood. A vonat a msodik vgnyrl indul. The train leaves from platform two. Nyron olcs a zldsgfle. Vegetables are cheap in the summer. Ide tudod adni nekem a hamutartt? Can you pass me the ashtray? Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt veg glass vgny platform baleset accident kulcs key kalapcs hammer hs meat elbeszls story erd wood fa wood hr news - 187 -

hamutart ashtray trtnet story zldsgek vegetables jsg news

Figyeld meg az own [oun] sz hasznlatt. Egyarnt llhat a fnv eltt vagy a fnv utn, de utbbe esetben az of elljrszval kapcsoldik ahhoz. Pl.: I use my own tools A sajt szerszmaimat hasznlom. He has his own room. Neki sajt szobja van. I have a garden of my own. Van sajt kertem. She has a house of her own. Neki van egy sajt hza. A kt szerkezet helyettestheti egymst. Fordtsd le own sz alkalmazsval ktflekppen.

Van neked sajt knyves Have you your own Have you a bookcase of your polcod? bookcase? own? A fivremnek sajt szllodja My borther has his own My borther has a hotels of van. hotel. his own. Sajt kutym van. I had my own dog. I had a dog of my own. j igk to help tu help segteni to sell tu szel eladni, rtkesteni to clean tu kln (ki)tiszttnai, (ki)takartani to find tu fjnd megtallni to hurt tu hrt megsrteni, megsrlni, fjni to switch on tu szovics on bekapcsolni, meggyjtani (villanyt) to switch off tu szovics of kikapcsolni, eloltani (villanyt) Nhny rendhagy ige I. alak II. alak III. alak Sell Szel Sold Szould Sold Szould Find Fjnd Found Faund Found Faund Hurt Hrt Hurt Hrt Hurt Hrt - 188 -

Gyakorlat She helped me to write this letter last week. A mlt hten segtett nekem megrni ezt a levelet. He will clean his own shoes. A sajt cipit tiszttja majd meg. Where did you find the tickets? Hol talltad meg a jegyeket? Last night I hurt my knee. A mlt jjel megsrlt (megsrtettem) a trdem. His arm hurts. Fj a karja. Switch on the toaster, please. Krlek, kapcsold be a kenyrpirtt. Did you switch of the lamp yesterday? Leoltottad a lmpt tegnap? They have sold seven cars today. Ma ht autt adtak el. Have you cleaned your room yet? Kitakartottad mr a szobdat? Will you sell your house? El fogod adni a hzad? Egsztsd ki A nvre gyakran segtett nekik. Her sister often helped them. ppen most srlt meg a csuklja. He has just hurt his wrist. Sok knyvet adtl el? Have you sold many books? Tegnap tallltam ezt a kalapcsot. Yesterday I found this hammer. Mria ppen most kapcsolja be a rdit. Mary is just switching on the radio. Pntekig ki kell takartanunk a hzat. We must clean the house by Friday. Kapcsold ki a televzit. Switch off the TV set. Add meg az igk hrom alakjt eladni to sell sold sold megsrteni tu hurt hurt hurt takartani to clean cleaned cleaned bekapcsolni to switch on switched on switched on tallni to find found found segteni to help helped helped kikapcsolni to switch off switched off switched off - 189 -

j szavak old ould reg, rgi, ids new nj j everything evritszin(g) minden everybody evribodi mindenki clean kln tiszta, sima nobody noubodi senki nothing ntszin(g) semmi America merikn amerikai Ms sorrendben everybody evribodi mindenki clean kln tiszta, sima America merikn amerikai nothing ntszin(g) semmi nobody noubodi senki new nj j everything evritszin(g) minden old ould reg, rgi, ids Gyakorlat Everybody knows her. Mindenki ismeri t. There is nothing in the ashtray. Nincs semmi a hamutartban. This is an old magazine. Ez egy rgi folyirat. He has forgotten everything. Mindent elfelejtett. I have bought a new suit. Egy j ltnyt vsroltam. There was nobody in the room. A szobban nem volt senik. She is an American. (egy) amerikai. Are the windows clean? Az abalkok tisztk? A notbody, nothing hasznlatnl sem lehet ketts tagads. Pl.: I saw nobody in the street. Senkit sem lttam az utcn. So far he has done nothing. Eddig mg nem csinlt semmit. - 190 -

Egsztsd ki Az j knyvek drgk. Semmit sem tehetek rted. Ki ez az regember? Mindenkinek el fogom mondani ezt. Mindenki ksz van. Senkinek sem fogok segteni. Ezek a tnyrok nem tisztk. Az amerikai autk drgk. New books are expensive. I can do nothing for you. Who is this old man? I will tell everybody about it. everything is ready. I will help nobody. These plates are not clean. American cars are expensive. Fordtsd angolra Senkivel sem tudok beszlni. Szereted az amerikai dalokat? ppen most vettem egy j autt. Mindenki ebben az iskolban akar dolgozni. El kell adnom ezeket a rgi kpeket. Most mr tiszta a szoba. I can talk to nobody. Do you like American songs? I have just bought a new car. Everybody wants to work in this school. I must sell these old pictures. The room is clean now. Semmi sem knny. Mindent neked fogok adni. Nothing is easy. I will give you everything. Jegyezd meg: Az everybody ( mindenki ) nvms mindig egyes szm 3. szemlyben ll. Past Countinuous Tense Ha a mlt egy adott pillanatban vagy idszakban ppen tart cselekvst akarunk kifejezni, akkor a Past Countinuous Tense [pszt kontinjunsz tensz] igeidt hasznljuk. Az adott pillanatot egy idhatrozval vagy egy msik, egyszeri mlt idej mondattal hatrozhatjuk meg, de az a szvegkrnyezetbl is kvetkezhet. A mondat kpzshez a szemlyes nvmst, vagy a fnevet, a to be segdige megfelel mlt idej alakjt (was/were) s a fige-ing kpzvel elltott alakjt hasznljuk. Szemlyes + Segdige + Fige + . nvms + -ing was walking yesterday at five. They were cleaning their rooms all day yesterday. - 191 -

A while [ovjl]

(a)mg, mialatt, amikzben ktsz gyakran hasznlatos a Past Contiuounus

igeidben, s azt fejezi ki, hogy kt cselekvs trtnik prhuzamosan, ugyan abban az idben. Pl.: The sun was shining while we were walking. A nap sttt, mikzben stltunk. We were listening to the radio, while our father was reading a newspaper. Mi a rdit hallgattuk, mialatt desapnk jsgot olvasott. Ne felejtsd, hogy az ing kpz, valamint a folyamatos alakkal nem rendelkez igk hasznlatra a Present Continuous igeidnl megismert szablyok rvnyesek. A Past Continuous igeidt hasznljuk akkor is, amikor a mlt idben folyamatban lv cselekvs kzben egy msik cselekvs kvetkezik be. Ezt a cselekvst Simple Past igeidbe tesszk. Pl.: I was having dinner when John came. The wind was blowing all day yesterday. His son was working at six two days ago. They were waiting for me from one to three. ppen vacsorztam, amikor Jnos megjtt. Tegnap egsz nap fjt a szl. Kt nappal ezeltt a fia hat rakor mg dolgozott. Egytl hromig vrtak rm. Fordtsd angolra Tegnap t rakor levelet rtam. Tegnap egsz nap sttt a nap. Amg takartottam, a gyermekeim a kertben ltek. Mikzben autztam, meglttam a nvremet az utcn. At five yesterday I was writing a letter. The sun was shinig all day yesterday. While I was cleaning my children were sitting in the garden. While I was driving the car I saw my sister in the street. Esett az es, amikor felkeltem. ttl hatig kerestem ezt a knyvet. When I got up it was raining. I was looking for this book from five to six. A Past Contiuous igeidben a krd mondatokat az alany s a segdige szrendjnek a megcserelsvel kpezzk. Kiegsztend krdsek krpzsekor a segdige el krd nvmst helyeznk. Pl.: Were you walking in the park at three Tegnap hromkor a parkban stltl? yesterday? Was he drinking beer when you saw him? Srt ivott, amikor lttad t?

Where was he going when I came. Hov ment, amikor n jttem? - 192 -

llt vlaszokat a yes szcskval, a szemlyes nvmssal s a segdige megismtlsvel kpezzk.Tagad vlaszok kpzshez a no tagadszt, a szemlyes nvmst, a was/were segdigt s a not szt hasznljuk. (rvidtve: wasn t, weren t) Pl.: Was he driving home at six yesterday? Yes, he was. No, he was not. No, he wasn t. Were they doing it all day yesterday? Yes, they were. No, they were not. No, they weren t. Tagad szerkezet teljes mondatokban is hasznlhatunk: Pl.: They weren Monday. Nem a mlt She wasn t room. nem rt, Ismtls tkor a vonat elindult a harmadik vgnyrl. Tegnap egsz nap a kulcsokat kerestem. Mit csinltl tegnap ilyenkor? Amikor Budapesten voltam, egsz id alatt havazott. Az anym vacsort fztt, amikor belptem a hzba. Hov mentl tegnap kilenckor? A szobt takartottuk, amg apa a kertben dolgozott. Fj a htam. Megveszed nekem ezt az rt? Egy elektromos autt akarok. Nem hes vagyok, hanem nagyon szomjas. Amikor fradt vagyok, mindig rvid stra megyek. Tegnap reggel csak tz ember dolgozott. Pter az egyetlen frfi a csaldunkban. At five the train was leaving from platform three. I was looking for the keys all day yesterday. t cleaning the house at seven last htfn htkor takartottk a hzat. writing when I came into the amikor bejttem a szobba.

What were you doing this time yesterday. When I was in Budapest it was snowing all the time. My mother was cooking dinner when I entered the house. Where were you going at nine yesterday? We were cleaning the room while father was working in the garden. My back hurts. Will you buy me this watch. I want to have an electric car. I m not hungry but very thirsty. When I am tired I always go for a short walk. Yesterday morning only ten people were working. Peter is the only man in our family. - 193 -

Tegnap este mg mindig ptettk a hzat. Yesterday evening they were still building the house. Hogy rzed magad ma? How are you feeling today? Mikor volt ez a baleset? What time was this accident? Nyolckor meg fogjuk hallgatni a hreket. We will listen to the news at eight. Segts nekem megtalllni a kulcsokat. Help me to find the keys. Elmegynk majd a boltba s vesznk We will go to the shop and buy vegetables. zldsget. Elmondta nekem az lete trtnett. (fi) He told me the story of his life. Melyik vgnyon van a vonatunk? At which platform is our train? Tegnap egsz nap az erdben stltunk. We were walking in the wood all day yesterday. Mr szz poharat eladtunk. We have already sold a hundred glasses. Senki sem akar veled beszlni. Nobody wants to talk with you. Mr mindent elmondtam. I have already sold a hundred glasses. Szereted az amerikai autkat? Do you like American cars? Semmim sincs. I have nothing. Mit csinltl, amikor az ablakban lttak? What were you doing when I saw you in the window? Kiejtsi gyakorlat r ou j hurt clean toaster find bird been go smile work green know kind church seen own I - 194 -

14. Lecke Msodik rsz Olvasd vgig figyelmesen a prbeszdeket Peter: I saw an accident yesterday. Mary: Was it in Station Street? Peter: Yes, it was. I was buying vegetables when I saw it. Mary: How many people where hurt? Peter: Ten people hurt their arms and legs. The doctors took these people to the

hospital. Barbara: I heard sad news yesterday. Tom: What was it about? Barbara: It was about a man who left his wife and children and went to America. Tom: What did he do in America? Barbara: There he began to build a house but he didn t have money. Tom: And what was the sad news? Barbara: He hurt his fingers when he used a hammer. John I bought an old car last week. Mary: Why did you buy an old car? John: Because I didn t have much money, and I have never had a car of my own. Barbara: Do you have eggs for breakfast? Peter: I usually don t have eggs for breakfast. Barbara. What do you want for breakfast then? Peter: I want toasts and butter. Barbara: Do you like salt on your toast? Peter: No, thank you. Salt makes me thirsy and it is not good for me. Barbara: Your toast will be ready in a minute. I use my electric toaster. Peter: Put the napkins near the plates. Barbara: Yes, I do it that way. But don t eat in a hurry. It s not good. Mary: John: Mary: John: Mary: John, what have you done all day today? I have been at work today and now I am thirsty. Why? Haven t you drunk all day today? Yes, I have, but I am always thirsty after a long day of work. What do you want to drink?

- 195 -

John: Mary: John: Mary: John:

I want to have a glass of beer. Do you want your beer in a tall glass? Yes, please. I like tall galsses. And then do you want to listen to the radio? No. This evening I want to go to cinema together with you.

Gyakorlat a 13.-14. lecke anyagra j tnyrokat s csszealjakat kell vennnk. Fogsz enni tojst s pirtst reggelire? Megtiszttottad mr a kenyrpirtt? A te desapdnak tbb pnze van mint az enymnek. A slths gyakran zsros. Ne csinld sietve. Nem segtenek neknk. Beszlsz a nvrednek errl az emberrl? A szleim ppen most utaztak el Londonba. Holnap nem fordtok le sok levelet. Tudsz nekem egy cssze kvt nteni? A mlt szerdn egsz nap kpeket aggattak a hlszobban. Azt akarod mondani, hogy mg nem olvastad ezt a knyvet? Hol tallhatom meg ezt a kenyrpirtt? Az egyetlen gyerekk ppen most utazott Angliba. Ez a pirts a tid? Sietek, mert tkor otthon kell lennem. Mi mindig j btorokat fogunk kszteni. Amikor a kalapcsot kerestem ezt a rgi levelet talltam meg. Ne beszlj nekem errl az emberrl. Hov fogod vinni a gyerekeket jvre? Tegnap kilenckor utaztak Angliba. Mondd, hogy nem vagy fradt. We must buy new plates and saucers. Will you eat eggs and toasts for breakfasts? Have you cleaned the toaster yet? Your father has more money than mine.

Fried meat is often fat. Don t do it in a hurry. They won t help us. Will you tell your sister about this man? My parents have just left fo London. I won t translate many letters tomorrow. Can you pour me a cup of coffee? Last Wednesday they were hanging pictures in the bedroom all day. Do you want to say you haven t read this book. Where can I find this toaster? Their only child has just left for England. Is this toast yours? I am in a hurry because I must be at home at five. We will always make good furniture. When I was looking for the hammer I found this old letter. Don t tell me about this man. Where will you take the children next year? Yesterday at nine they were leaving for England. Say you are not tired. - 196 -

Senki nem szlt nekem rla. Nobody has told me about it. - 197 -

15. Lecke 15. Lecke Els rsz j szavak bill bil szmla, bankjegy change csjndzs vltozs, (pnz)vlts, aprpnz library ljbrri knyvtr colour klr szn fruit frt gymlcs neighbour njbr szomszd pear per krte grape grjp szl orange orindzs narancs break brjk (rakzi) sznet grass grsz f, gyep food fd tplkk, lelmiszer, ennival another ndzr (egy) msik, mg egy Ms sorrendben fruit frt gymlcs grape grjp szl grass grsz f, gyep bill bil szmla, bankjegy another ndzr (egy) msik, mg egy library ljbrri knyvtr colour klr szn break brjk (rakzi) sznet food fd tplkk, lelmiszer, ennival orange orindzs narancs pear per krte neighbour njbr szomszd change csjndzs vltozs, (pnz)vlts, aprpnz - 198 -

We buy food every day. Minden nap vesznk lelmiszert. There is change in the weather. Vltozs van az idjrsban. Now we must pay the bill. Most ki kell fizetnnk a szmlt. What colour were her eyes? Milyen szn(ek) volt(ak) a szemei? We ve only had one break so far. Eddig csak egy sznetnk volt. Have you seen your new neighbours yet? Lttad mr az j szomszdaidat? There is grass in our garden. A kertnkben f van. Take this book from the library. A knyvtrbl vedd ki ezt a knyvet. I must buy another suit. Egy msik ltnyt kell vennem. These grapes are dielicious. Finom ez a szl. Taste one of these oranges. Kstolj meg egy narancsot! They eat a lot of fruit. Sok gymlcst esznek. Where can I buy pears? Hol tudok krtt venni? Egsztsd ki Vannak szmlid? Do you have bills? Az sszes gymlcst eladtuk. We have sold all the fruit. Drga a narancs? Are oranges expensive? Tegnap elfelejtettem ennivalt vsrolni. I forgot to buy food yesterday. Nem szeretem ezeket a vltozsokat. I don t like these changes. Akkor kedves szomszdaink voltak. We had nice neighbours then. A kertemben alma s krte van. I have apples and pears in the garden. Ez a sznet tl hossz. This break is too long. Tudod hol van ez a knyvtr? Do you know where this library is? Csak szlt akarsz venni? Do you want to buy only grapes? sszel barna a f. Grass is brown in the autumn. Milyen szn(ek) a szeme(i)? What colour are her eyes? Adj egy msik lmpt! Give me another lamp. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt knyvtr library f grass gymlcs fruit - 199 -

ennival food egy msik another szomszd neighbour szn colour vltozs change krte pear narancs orange szmla bill szl grape A mellknevek s hatrozszk fokozsa 1. Az egy sztag mellknv s hatrozsz kzpfokban toldalkot kap: nice nicer the nicest njsz njszr Dz njszszt -kedves -kedvesebb -a legkedvesebb er, felsfokban est

Ha a mellknv, vagy a hatrozsz nma e betvel vgzdik, az hozzadsakor a nma e-t elhagyjuk.

er vagy est toldalk

2. Jegyezd meg, hogy felsfokban a mellknv eltt mindig a the hatrozott nvel ll: tall tl -magastaller tlr -magasabb the tallest Dz tlszt -a legmagasabb short srt -alacsonyshorter srtr -alacsonyabb the shortest Dz srtszt -a lealacsonyabb 3. az ige szvgi mssalhangzjnak megkettzdse rag vagy toldalk hozzadsakor a mellknevek s hatrozszk fokozsnl is rvnyes. big bigger the biggest big bigr Dz bigszt -nagy -nagyobb -a legnagyobb - 200 -

4. a kt sztag, -y-ra vgzd mellknv s hatrozsz esetben kzp- s felsfokban a szvgi y i betre vltozik s gy adjuk hozz az er, vagy est toldalkot. windy windier the windiest ovindi ovindir Dz ovindiszt -szeles -szelesebb -legszelesebb Kzpfok sszehasonltsnl gyakran hasznljuk a than Dzen mint , hasonltszt. Gyakorlat My trousers are longer than yours Az n nadrgom hosszabb, mint a tid. This is the cheapest car in our shop. Ez a legolcsbb aut az zletnkben. Our neighbours are poorer than we are. A szomszdaink szegnyebbek, mint mi. Today you have come earlier than ever. Ma korbban jttl, mint brmikor. Egsztsd ki A btymnak van a leggyorsabb autja a My brother has the fastest car in town. vrosban. Ez a n ersebb, mint kt frfi. This woman is stronger than two men. Magyarorszg leggazdagabb embere akarok I want to be the richest man in Hungary. lenni. A mi apnk a legelfoglaltabb ember. Our father is the busiest man. Ma hidegebb van, mint tegnap? Is it colder today than yesterday? Ki magasabb az apmnl? Who is taller than my father? j szavak glad gled boldog, rl sad szed szomor beautiful bjtifl szp, gynyr ugly gli csnya, ronda small szml kis, kicsi fresh fres friss durnig djurin(g) (id)alatt, folyamn - 201 -nl, -nl

Ms sorrendben beautiful bjtifl szp, gynyr small szml kis, kicsi durnig djurin(g) (id)alatt, folyamn sad szed szomor fresh fres friss glad gled boldog, rl ugly gli csnya, ronda Gyakorlat These flowers are beautiful. Ezek a virgok gynyrek. Why were you sad yesterday? Mirt voltl tegnap szomor? We worked during the night. Dolgoztunk az jszaka (folyamn). This is our own small house. Ez a mi sajt kis hzunk. Are these vegetables fresh? Frissek ezek a zldsgek? I am glad you are ready. rlk, hogy ksz vagy. The hotel is an ugly building. A szlloda egy csnya plet. Egsztsd ki Szeretem a friss gymlcst. I like fresh fruit. Mit csinltl a sznet alatt? What did you do during the break? Azt gondolod, hogy csnya? Do you think he is ugly? Nagyon rlt, hogy ott voltam. He was very glad I was there. Mirt vagy szomor? Why are you sad, Ez egy szp kp. This is a beautiful picture. Ez a laks tl kicsi a mi csaldunknak. This apartment is too small for our family. Fordtsd angolra Friss(ek) ez(ek) az alm(k)? Are these apples fresh? A sznetben ettem meg az ebdet. I ate dinner during the break. Ez volt ennek a htnek a legszomorbb napja. It s been the saddest day this week. Az vk ez a szp hz? Is this beautiful house theirs? A te kutyd rondbb, mint az enym. Your dog is uglier than mine. - 202 -

Van egy csoport mellknv s hatrozsz, melyek sszehasonltsa, fokozsa rendhagy mdon trtnik. Alapfok: Kzpfok: Felsfok: many, much more the most meni, mcs mr Dz mouszt -sok -tbb, inkbb -a legtbb, a leginkbb little less the least litl lesz Dz lszt -kevs -kevesebb, kevsb -a legkevesebb, a legkevsb bad worse the worst bed ovrsz Dz ovrszt -rossz -rosszabb, rosszabbul a legrosszab, a legrosszabul good better the best gud betr Dz beszt -j -jobb, jobban -a legjobb, a legjobban Ha a little jelentse kis, kicsi akkor fokozsban a small kzp- s felsfokt veszi fel: smaller, the smallerst. Gyakorlat She has more money than me. Neki tbb pnze van, mint nekem. Buy less bread than yesterday. Kevesebb kenyeret vegyl, mint tegnap! Our hotel was better than hers. Ami a szllodnk jobb volt, mint az v. This radio is worse but cheaper. Ez a rdi rosszabb, de olcsbb. My sister has the most trees in the garden. A nvremnek van a legtbb fja a kertben. They have least coffee. Nekik van a legkevesebb kvjuk. Those were the best days in my life. Azok voltak letem legjobb napjai. We have bought the worst house in this street. Mi vettk meg a legrosszabb hzat ebb en az utcban. Ha a than ktszt szemlyes nvms kveti, akkor a szemlyes nvms trgyesetben ( me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them ) szerepel. - 203 -

Gyakorlat n mindig a legjobb szlt veszem. I always buy the best grapes. Holnap korbban jvk hozzd. Tomorrow I will come to you earlier. Egy nagyobb autt akarsz venni? Do you want to buy a bigger car? A szneteknek hosszabbaknak kell lennik. Breaks must be longer. k a legrosszabb szomszdok. They are the wrost neighbours. Kevesebb gymlcst vettem, mint tegnap. I have bought less fruit than yesterday. Adj nekem egy kisebb krtt. Give me a smaller pear. Ma ez a legszomorbb hr. This is the saddest news today. A fivred magasabb volt nlad? Was your brother taller than you? Ez a legcsnybb szn. This is the ugliest colour. Ha felsfok mellknv eltt birtokos nvmst hasznlunk, a the hatrozott nvel elmarad. Pl.: It is the best car. It is my best car. This is the best song I have ever heard. Ez a legjobb dal, amit valaha is hallot tam. My daughter is the shortest of all her friends. Az sszes bartja kztt a lnyom a legalacsonyabb. This is the longest letter I have ever written. Ez a leghosszabb levl, amit valah a is rtam. This is the fastest bicycle of all. Az sszes kzl ez a leggyorsabb kerkpr. Az of all kifejezs elhagyhat a magyar fordtsban.

Fordtsd angolra. Ez a legszomorbb kp, amit valaha is lttam. This is the saddest picture I have ever seen. Ezek a vltozsok a legnagyobbak (az sszes These changes are the greatest of all. kzl). Ennek a knyvtrnak volt (az sszes kzl) a This library had the most books of all in legtbb knyve Angliban. England. Ez a legrosszabb ember, akit valaha is lttam. This is the wrost man I have ever s een. j to to to igk sleep tu szlp aludni enjoy tu indzsoj lvezni valamit, jl rezni magt remember tu rimembr emlkezni

- 204 -

to to to to to

change tu csjndzs (meg)vltoztatni, (meg)vltozni, (pnzt) vltani return tu ritrn visszatrni/jnni, visszavinni/hozni become tu bikm valamiv lenni, vlni happen tu hepn trtnni, megesni start tu sztrt elkezdeni, elindtani

Nhny rendhagy ige I. alak II. alak III. alak sleep szlp slept szlept Slept szlept become bikm became bikjm become Bikm Gyakorlat John slept ten hours yesterday. Jnos tz rt aludt tegnap. She wants to become a typist. Gprn akar lenni. Can you change this bill? Fel tudod vltani ezt a bankjegyet? What happened during the match? Mi trtnt a mrkzs alatt? I must return the books to the library. Vissza kell vinnem a knyveket a knyvtrba. They enjoyed the autumn sun. lveztk az szi napstst. Do you remember that day? Emlkszel arra a napra? I startaed work yesterday. Tegnap kezdtem el a munkt. Jegyezd meg: Enjoy your meal! J tvgyat! Ismtls Milyen szn a kabtja? (fi) What colour is his coat? Akkor tbb idnk volt TV-t nzni. We had more time to watch TV them. J tvgyat! Enjoy your meal! Valamennyi bartom kzl ez a leggazdagab This is the richest man of all my friends. ember. Mirt vettl csnya tnyrokat? Why have you bought ugly plates? Kevesebb kvt kell innunk. We must drink less coffee. Az fia idsebb, mint az enym. His son is older than mine. Ez a szrny baleset kt hnappal ez eltt This awful accident happened two months trtnt. ago. - 205 -

Mrt nem jttek mg vissza? Why haven t they returned yet? Elbb kell visszahoznod nekem a pnzt. You must return me the money earlier. Ez a kutya a legjobb bartom. This dog is my best friend. Szeretek sokig aludni. I like to sleep long. - 206 -

15. Lecke Msodik rsz j szavak meeting mtin(g) tallkozs, gyls, rtekezlet loss losz vesztesg, elveszts sunrise sznrjz napkelte butcher bucsr hentes grocer grouszr fszeres greengrocer grngrouszr zldsges beard bird szakl van ven (zrt)kisteheraut airport erprt repltr homework houmovrk hzi feladat arrival rjvl rkezs, megrkezs departure diprcsr elutazs, elinduls Mss sorrnedben van ven (zrt)kisteheraut butcher bucsr hentes meeting mtin(g) tallkozs, gyls, rtekezlet departure diprcsr elutazs, elinduls grocer grouszr fszeres arrival rjvl rkezs, megrkezs loss losz vesztesg, elveszts greengrocer grngrouszr zldsges homework houmovrk hzi feladat beard bird szakl sunrise sznrjz napkelte airport erprt repltr Jegyezd meg a kifejezseket: at the butcher s a hsboltban, a hentesnl at the grocer s a zldsgesnl, az lelmiszerboltban - 207 -

at the greengrocer s a zldsgesnl szemlyeknl: At my brtoher s a bttymnl at Mary s Mrinl Have you done your homework yet? Elksztetted mr a hzifeladatod? It was a great loss for me. Nagy vesztesg volt szmomra. He has a long beard. Hossz szaklla van. The meeting will be at five. Az rtekezlet tkr lesz. What time is their departure? Mikor utaznak el? There is an airport in our town. A vrosunkban van egy repltr. We watched the sunrise. Vgignztk a napkeltt. Can you drive a van? Tudsz kisteherautt vezetni, I buy meat at the butcher s. A hentesnl veszem a hst. Nobody saw their arrival. Senki sem ltta a megrkezsnket. The grocer lives near us. A fszeres a kzelnkben lakik. We can buy fruit at the greengrocer s. Gymlcst a zldsgesnl vehetnk. Egsztsd ki The zldsges vagy? Are you a greengroucer? Mikor utazak el? When was their departure? Akarsz hentes lenni? Do you want to be a butcher? Meg fogom tantani therautt vezetni. I will teach him to driver a van. Nagy vesztesg lesz szmunkra. It will be a great loss for us. Mindig volt szakllad? Have you always had a beard? A napkelte gynyr volt. The sunrise was beautiful. Tallkozunk majd a repltren. I will see you at the airport. Az desapja fszeres volt. His father was a grocer. Sok a hzi feladat? Is there much homework to do? Pnteken a gylsen kell lenned. You must be at the meeting on Friday. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt hentes butcher vesztesg loss elutazs departure - 208 -

repltr airport tallkozs meeting megrkezs arrival kisteheraut van szakll beard hzi feladat homework napkelte sunrise zldsges greengrocer fszeres grocer A mellknv s a hatrozsz fokozsnak egy msik formja A kt s tbb sztag, nem y-ra vgzd mellknv s hatrozsz kzpfok

sszehasonstsa az elje tett more/less szavakkal, mg a felsfok sszehasonltsa az elje tett the most/the least szkapcsolatokkal trtnik. A mellknv vagy a hatrozsz mindkt sszehasonltsnl alapfok alakban marad. Pl.: Alapfok Kzpfok Felsfok beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful -szp -szebb -a legszebb Gyakorlat It is the most difficult question. Ez a legnehezebb krds. My sister is more beautiful than yours. Az n nvrem szebb mint a tid. That car was less expensive. Az az aut drgbb volt. Fordtsd angolra Ez a legszebb vros, amit valaha is lttam. This is the most beautiful town I have ever seen. Ez nehezebb mint gondoltam. This is more difficult than I thought. A legdrgbb tapta a legszebb. The most expensive wall-paper is the most beautiful. - 209 -

j szavak clever klevr okos, gyes enough inf elg light ljt vilgos, knny dark drk stt heavy hevi nehz, slyos strange sztrjndzs klns, furcsa wide ovjd szles narrow nerou szk, keskeny polite pljt udvarias Ms sorrendben dark drk stt strange sztrjndzs klns, furcsa narrow nerou szk, keskeny wide ovjd szles polite pljt udvarias clever klevr okos, gyes light ljt vilgos, knny heavy hevi nehz, slyos enough inf elg Az enough szt a fnevek el, de a mellknevek vagy hatrozszk utn tesszk. Pl.: enough money elg pnz dark enough elg stt early enough elg korn Gyakorlat He wasn t polite to me yesterday. Tegnap nem volt udvarias velem. I like narrow streets in this town. Ebben a vrosban a keskeny utckat szeretem. I haven t had enough time to do it. Nem volt elg idm, hogy megcsinljam. It is sunny enough to go for a walk. Elg napos az id egy stra. This is a light room. Ez egy vilgos szoba. - 210 -

He is a clever boy. Okos fi. It is very dark today. Ma nagyon stt van. This is the heaviest book I have ever seen. Ez a legnehezebb knyv, amit valaha is lttam. Do you see the girl with the light hair? Ltod a vilgos haj lnyt? It was a strange accident. Klns baleset volt. This is the widest street in town. Ez a legszlesebb utca a vrosban. Egsztsd ki ppen most vett egy vilgos kabtot. She has just bought a light coat. Nem tudok stt szobban olvasni. I can t read in a dark room. Nagyon okos. She is very clever. Ezen a szles ajtn kell tmennnk. We must go through this wide door. Elg gazdag, hogy megvegye. He is rich enough to buy it. Tallkoztl mr ezzel a furcsa emberrel? Have you met this strange man? Ez a kp tl nehz nekem. This picture is too heavy for me. Nem udvariasak. They are not polite. Ez a szk tlsgosan keskeny nekem. This chair is too narrow for me. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt nehz heavy klns strange homlyos dark szk narrow furcsa strange udvarias polite szles wide knny light elg enough elegend enough vilgos light okos clever stt dark - 211 -

A kt sztag mellknevek s hatrozszk kzl az er vagy az Pl.: est toldalk hozzadsval fokozzuk.

ow vagy

er sztagra vgzdket az

narrow narrower the narrowest nerou nerour Dz nerouszt -keskeny -keskenyebb -a legkeskenyebb clever cleverer the cleverest klevr klevrr Dz klevrszt -okos -okosabb -a legokosabb Add meg a mellknevek s hatrozszk kzp- s felsfok alakjt bad worse the worst big bigger the biggest good better the best long longer the longest nice nicer the nicest short shorter the shortest little (kevs) less the least cheap cheaper the cheapest difficult more difficult the most difficult easy easier the easiest expensive more expensive the most expensive sad sadder the saddest ugly uglier the ugliest little (kicsi) smaller the smallest much more the most wide wider the widest polite more polite the most polite busy busier the busiest fresh fresher the freshest awful more awful the most awful late later the latest narrow narrower the narrowest - 212 -

many more the most sunny sunnier th sunniest delicious more delicious the most delicious light lighter the lightest fast faster the fastest great greater the greatest Fordtsd angolra ppen most tallkoztam ezzel a hentessel. I have just met this butcher. Mikkor rkezett haza? (fi) What time did he return home? Otthon voltam, amikor ez trtnt. I was at home when it was happening. Hny narancsot tudsz megenni? How many oranges can you eat? Nekem hosszabb sznet kell. I must have a longer break. J tvgyat! Enjoy your meal! A hzunk kzelben van gyep. There is grass near our house. Fel tudod vltani ezt a bankjegyet, Can you change this bill? Ne felejtsd el Jnost megltogatni! Remember to visit john. Menj be a fszereshez s vegyl (egy kis) Go to the grocer s and buy some cheese. sajtot. A repltren lesz a tallkozs. The meeting will be at the airport. Megcsinltad mr a hzi feladatodat? Have you already done your homeworks? Ma mikor volt napkelte? What time was the sunrise today? Ez a legklnsebb trtnet, amit valaha is This is the strangest story you have ever told . mesltl. Ki regebb nlam? Who is older than me? Ez a legszomorbb levele. (fi) It is his saddest letter. Elg pnzem van ennivalra. (Elg pnzem I have enough money to buy food. van, hogy ennivalt vegyek.) Elg korn mentem oda, hogy lssam, ahogy I went there early enough to see their arriv al. megrkeznek. Mennyit akarsz aludni? How long do you want to sleep? Ez a legrosszabb vacsora, amit valaha is It is the worst dinner I have ever eate n. ettem. A lnyaik helyesebbek, mint a mieink. Their daughters are nicer than ours. Ez volt a legfurcsbb dolog (az sszes kzl). It was the strangest thing of all. Ezt a stt kabtot kell viselnem? Must I wear this dark coat? - 213 -

Elg pnznk van ahhoz, hogy Angliba We have enough money to go to England. utazzunk. Kiejtsi gyakorlat e e ou j fresh glad grow rise spend sad grocer arrival remember bad old wide when van know behind then ashtray go polite - 214 -

16. Lecke 16. Lecke Els rsz clothes kloudzz ruha, ruhzat botton btn gomb hat het kalap collar kolr gallr sleeve szlv (ruha)ujj, ingujj pocket pokit zseb skirt szkrt szoknya blouse blauz blz handbag hendbeg kzitska necklace neklisz nyaklnc, nyakk ear-ring irin(g) flbeval jersey dzsrzi ktttkabt, szvetter Ms sorrendben hat het kalap handbag hendbeg kzitska ear-ring irin(g) flbeval clothes kloudzz ruha, ruhzat pocket pokit zseb skirt szkrt szoknya necklace neklisz nyaklnc, nyakk jersey dzsrzi ktttkabt, szvetter botton btn gomb sleeve szlv (ruha)ujj, ingujj blouse blauz blz collar kolr gallr - 215 -

Gyakorlat What clothes can I put on? Milyen ruht vehetek fel? I think you must put on a skirt and a blouse. Azt hiszem, egy szoknyt s egy blzt ke ll felvenned. All of my blouses are with buttons and long Minden blzom gombos, s hossz ujj. sleeves. Why don t you like them? Mirt nem szereted ket? I like blouses with big collars. A nagygallros blzokat szeretem. I will put on this blouse and my blue jersey. Ezt a blzt s a kk ktttkabtomat veszem fel. Do you want to take the necklace and ear-A nyaklncot s a flbevalt is fel akarod rings? tenni? No, I don t. I will put on my father s hat and Nem. Az apm kalapjt, s a nyagyzseb the coat with big pockets. kabtot veszem fel. Don t forget about the handbag. Ne feledkezz meg a tskrl! Jegyezd meg, hogy a to like ige jelentse: szeret, kedvel, tetszik . Pl.: I like this house. Szeretem ezt a hzat./Tetszik ez a hz. Did she like that book? thetszett neki az a knyv? Egsztsd ki k rustjk a legolcsbb kalapokat. They sell the cheapest hats. A legszebb szoknym zld szn. My most beautiful skirt is green. Az ujjak tl rvidek voltak. The sleeves were too short. Tetszik a (kzi)tskd. I like your handbag. Ez a drgbb szvetter szebb. This more expensive jersey is nicer. Vannak nagyobb gallr kabtaid? Do you have coats with bigger collars? A ruhid azon a szken vannak. Your clothes are on that chair. Gynyr flbeval(ka)t vettem neki. I have bought her beautiful ear-rings. Tartsd a pnzt a zsebedben! Keep the money in the pocket. Az olcsbb nyaklnc jobban tetszik. I liket the cheaper necklace more. Ehhez a kabthoz keresek gombokat. I am looking for buttons for this coat. Mria elvitte a zld blzodat. Mary has taken your green blouse. - 216 -

Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt (kz)tska handbag ktttkabt jersey kalap hat zseb pocket szoknya skirt nyaklnc necklace ruhzat clothes gomb button gallr collar ruhaujj sleeve blz blouse flbeval ear-rings j igk to lose tu lz elveszteni, elveszteni to grow tu grou nni, nvekedni, termeszteni to meet tu mt tallkozni to rise tu rjz felemelkedni, felkelni to shut tu st becsukni, bezrni tu spend tu szpend klteni (pnzt), tlteni (idt) Ms sorrendben to grow tu grou nni, nvekedni, termeszteni tu spend tu szpend klteni (pnzt), tlteni (idt) to rise tu rjz felemelkedni, felkelni to lose tu lz elveszteni, elveszteni to shut tu st becsukni, bezrni to meet tu mt tallkozni Rendhagy igk I. alak II. alak III. alak grow grou grew gr grown groun - 217 -

spend szpend spent szpent spent szpent rise rjz rose rouz risen rizn lose lz lost loszt lost loszt shut st shut st shut st meet mt met met met met Gyakrolat She has lost her purse. Elvesztette a pnztrcjt. His bread grew fast. Gyorsan ntt a szaklla. We have never met. Mi mg sohasem tallkoztunk. The sun will rise at seven. A nap htkor kel (majd) fel. Mary is shuting the door. Mria bezrja az ajtt. We want to spend three days in London. Hrom napot akarunk Londonban tlteni. Egsztsd ki Tegnap a boltban tallkoztak. They met in the shop yesterday. Bezrtad mr az ajtt? Have you already shut the door? Mindig elveszti a jegyeket. She always loses tickets. Zldsg(ek)et fogunk termeszteni a kertben. We will grow vegetables in the garden. Felkelt mr a nap? Has the sun risen yet? Tl sok pnzt kltesz ruhkra. You spend too much money on clothes. Add meg az igk hrom alakjt nni grow grew grown felkelni rise rose risen elveszteni lose lost lost becsukni shut shut shut eltlteni (idt) spend spent spent tallkozni meet met met A dolgok s szemlyek alapfok sszahasonltsra hasznlt szerkezetek as as ez ez olyan not so as not szou Pl.: - 218 , mint (llt mondatban) ez nem olyan ,mint (tagad mondatban)

My car is as expensive as yours. Az n autm pp olyan drga mint a tid. He is not as old as me. Nem annyi ids, mint n. Tagad mondatban a not so as helyett hasznlhatjuk a not as Illeszd be a megfelel szerkezetet Ez az alma nem olyan des, mint amaz. This apple is not as/so sweet as that. Annyi ids vagyok, mint te. I am as old as you. Tegnap nem volt olyan hideg, mint kt nappal Yesterday it was not as/so cold as tw o days ezeltt. ago. Ez az asztal olyan nehz mint az. This table is as heavy as that. j szavak out of fashion aut ov fesn divatjamlt, nem divatos to change tu csjndzs tltzni, ruht cserlni soaked szoukt tzott, titatott worn ovrn kopott, elnytt, viseletes o woollen vuln gyapj, gyapjbl kszlt waterproof ovotrprf vzhatlan, vzll simple szimpl egyszer Ms sorrendben soaked szoukt tzott, titatott simple szimpl egyszer o woollen vuln gyapj, gyapjbl kszlt worn ovrn kopott, elnytt, viseletes waterproof ovotrprf vzhatlan, vzll to change tu csjndzs tltzni, ruht cserlni out of fashion aut ov fesn divatjamlt, nem divatos Gyakorlat Big collars are out of fashion now. Most a nagy gallrok nem divatosak. Have you changed yet? tltztl mr? I can t put on this coat because it is soacked. Nem vehetem fel azt a kabtot, mert tz ott. - 219 as szerkezetet is.

These shoes are worn. Ezek a cipk kopottak. I like woollen jerseys. Szeretem a gyapj ktttkabtot. These clodhes are waterproof. Ezek a ruhk vzllak. It is the simplest question of all. Az sszes kzl ez a legegyszerbb krds. Egsztsd ki Drga ez a gyapj szoknya? Is this woollen skirt expensive? A kalapok kimentek a divatbl. Hats are out of fashion. Ez a kopott blz csnya. This worn blouse is ugly. Mg mindig vzll? Is is still waterproof? t voltak zva, amikor belptek a hzba. They were soaked when they entered the house. Szeretem az egyszer dalokat. I like simple songs. t kell ltznm vacsora eltt. I must changed before dinner. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt kopott worn egyszer simple nem divatos out of fashion tzott soaked tltzni to change gyapj woollen vzll waterproof Kt elljrsz, melyeket gyakran hasznlunk Present Perfect igeidben: for fr bizonyos ideje, bizonyos ideig:

Ezt a szt a cselekvs idbeli kiterjedsnek lersra hasznljuk, Pl.: kt ve, hrom napja Pl.: I haven t seen him for a week. Egy hete nem lttam. I have worked here for two years. Kt ve dolgozom itt. Since szinsz ta, mita, attl fogva: Szintn a cselekvs idbeli lersra hasznljuk, de a cselekvs mltbeli kiindulpontjt jelli. - 220 -

Pl.: She hasn t met him since last month. A mlt hnap ta nem tallkozott vele. They have changed since last year. Tavaly ta megvltoztak. A since s for szavakat tartalmaz mondatok a magyar fordtsban legtbbszr jelen idben vannak. Pl.: I have lived here for twenty-three years. Huszonhrom ve lek itt. I have lived here since 1975. 1975 ta lek itt. Illeszd be a since vagy a for szavak kzl a megfelelt

They haven t returned home for three months. We have visited them twice since last Monday. She hasn t gone for a walk since last mont. I haven t driven a car for two months. She has known about it since June. They have lived in this house for many years She hasn t talked to her husband since last Wednesday. She has eaten nothin for more than four days. A since hatrozszt a Simple Past igeidben lv mellkmondat kvetheti: Pl.: I haven t seen him since we met in Auguszt. Nem lttam t azta, hogy augusztusban tallkoztunk. He has had no money since he paid for his Nincs pnze, mita kifizette az autjt. car. Fordtsd le angolra Ezek a kalapok mr kt ve nincsenek These hats have been out of fashion for two divatban. years. Tavaly nyr ta a nvrem nem l velnk. My sister hasn t lived with us since last summer. Nem voltam otthon azta, hogy Mria I haven t been at home since Mary came. megjtt. Hol voltl ngy vig? Where have you been for four years? Sok ve ismerjk t. (fi) We have knokw him for many years. - 221 -

j igk to to tu tu tu wear tu over viselni, hordani fit tu fit megfelelni, illeni, j valakire zip up tu zip p cipzrat felzni try on tu trj on felprblni (ruht) knit tu nit ktni (kttvel)

Ms sorrendben tu tu to tu to try on tu trj on felprblni (ruht) knit tu nit ktni (kttvel) wear tu over viselni, hordani zip up tu zip p cipzrat felzni fit tu fit megfelelni, illeni, j valakire

Rendhagy igk wear over wore ovr worn ovrn Gyakorlat She knitted me a nice jersey. Egy szp szvettert kttt nekem. These shoes have never fitted. Ez(ek) a cip(k) sosem volt j rm. He zipped up his coat. Felhzta a kabtjn a cipzrat. Have you tried it on yet? Felprbltad mr? She likes to wear long skirts. Szeret hossz szoknykat hordani. Egsztsd ki Tavaly ta hrom szvettert kttt. She has knitted three jerseys last year. Vrj! Mria ppen a cipzrat hzza fel a Wait! Mary is just zipping up the coat. kabton. Felprblhatjuk ezt az ltnyt? Can we try on this suit? Nyron sosem hordok hossz ujj blzokat. I never wear blouses with long sleeves in summer. A ruhim jk a lnyomra. My clothes fit my daughter. - 222 -

Fordtsd angolra Ki mondta neked ezt az jsgot. Who told you this news? Elg hossz ez a gallr? Is this collar long enough? Tegnap mikor kelt fel a nap? What time did the sun rise yesterday? Elvesztettem a kzitskmat. I have lost my handbag. Nem lttam t, amita elhagyta a vrosunkat. I haven t seen him since he left our town. (fi) Minden n visel flbevalt? Do all women wear ear-rings? Hsz ve lakunk itt. We have lived here for twenty years. A zld kalap nem illik hozzd. The green hat doesn t fit you. A mi hzunk nem olyan nagy, mint az vk. Our hose is not so/as big as theirs. Minden ruhm t van zva. All my clothes are soaked. Senki nem vesz vzhatlan karrkat. Nobody buys waterproof wrist-watches. Ktk majd neked egy gyapj szvettert. I will knit you a woollen jersey. Most a hossz szoknya nincs divatban. Long skirts are out of fashion now. Kiejtsi gyakorlat r i o ou skirt knit collar soaked jersey zip pocket clothes heard fit lost grow bird big clock know - 223 -

16. Lecke Msodik rsz Olvas el a prbeszdet Mary: Do you like clothes which are out of fashion? Tom: No, I don t. I never buy them. Mary: But thy are not so expensive as other clothes. And sometimes I have little

money. Tom: Last week I spent a lot of money on a new coat. Another coat was cheaper, b ut it wasn t waterproof. And when I tried it on it did not fit. Barbara: I must remember to buy some grapes. Peter: The greengrocer in our street always has fresh grapes. And at the greengrocer s you always meet people to talk to. Barbara: But I don t have time to talk, because I have to return some books to the library. It s late already. And if I return them too late I have to pay more money. John: rk. Mary: John: y. Mary: John: My sister works at the airport. She must get up early, when it is still da Does she like this work? I think she does. She likes to watch the planes when they rise into the sk Where did she work before? At the butcher s. And she wanted to change her work, because she had to

clean many thnigs there. She didn t like it. Mary: So it was easy for her to leave the butcher s for the airport? John: Yes, it was. But it was difficult to find this new work. I helpend her. Sh e will never return to the butcher s shop. Barbara: Do you know people who are always busy and spend all their time at work ? Peter: Yes, I know a lot of them. They are always in a hurry. And some of them smoke too much, too. Barbara: Do you think they enjoy life? Peter: No, I don t think they do. They never find time to enjoy this. I think they forget to live, because they are so busy. Barbara: I think you are right. They don t know what a good book is. And you will never find them in a cinema. Peter: Do you think these people are nice to talk to? Barbara: No, I don t. They know nothing about all these things. But it is difficul t for them to change.

Peter: You know, Barbara, it s never too late to change. When they change they are glad. - 224 -

Tom: Do you meet many people who say it is better to eat more vegetables and les s meat? Mary: Yes, I have met a lot of them. And they also say that fresh fruit is good for everybody. Tom: Is it good to listen to these people? Mary: I think it is. Fat people live shorter. Do you want to live a long time? Tom: Yes, I do. But what you eat is not the only thing. It is also what you do a nd don t do. Mary: I think you are right. If you sit on a chair all day you get tired. After a walk you will feel better. Ismtls Mindig annyira kevs st hasznlok, amennyire csak lehet. Felvltottad mr ezeket a bankjegyeket? Zldsget fogunk termeszteni a kertnkben. Ki klttte a legkevesebb pnzt? Tlen mindig a legmelegebb gyapjzoknikat viselem. Ennl a zldsgesnl mindig friss gymlcst veszel majd. Ki a legszebb lny Magyarorszgon? Bezrtad mr az ablakot? Elg korn jttl, hogy tallkozz vele. Ez nehezebb, mint gondoltam. Hol van az csd? Nem voltam Mrianl, amita dolgozni kezdtem. Hol van a legnagyobb kalapcs? Mikor kell a repltren lenned? Szomszdok lettnk. Ez a legcsnybb plet, amit valaha lttam. Csak a vilgos szneket szereti. Az apm jnius ta fszeres. A kisgyerekek nagyon gyorsan nnek. Ez egy nagyon egyszer krds. A baleset az elutazsuk utn trtnt. I always use as little salt as I can. Have you already changed these bills? We will grow vegetables in our garden.

Who spent the lest money? In winter I always wear the warmest woollen socks. You will buy fresh fruit at this greengrocer s. Who is the most beautiful girl in Hungary? Have you already shut the window? You have come early enough to meet him. It is heavier than I thought. Where is you younger brother? I haven t been at Mary s since I started to work. Where is the biggest hammer? What time must you be at the airport? We have just become neighbours. This is the ugliest building I have ever seen. He likes only light colours. My father has been a grocer since June. Small children grow very fast. It is a very simple question. The accident happened after their departure. - 225 -

Ez a kttt kabt van olyan szp, mint az. This jersey is as nice as that. Ott rosszabb volt az tel, mint itthon. The food was worse there than at home. Az anym nyaklnca szebb. My mother s necklace is more beautiful. Felprblhatom ezt a szoknyt? Can I try on this skirt? ltzz t a vacsora eltt! Change before dinner. Elg narancsunk van mindenki szmra. We have enough oranges for everybody. Ez a legrosszabb utca a vrosunkban. It is the worst street in our town. - 226 -

17. Lecke 17. Lecke Els rsz job dzsob foglalkozs, lls, munka wages ovjdzsiz munkabr, fizets raise rjz (fizets)emels, emelkeds labourer ljbrr munks, dolgoz unemployment nimplojmnt munkanlklisg colleague kolg kartrs, kollga, munkatrs trade-union trjd jnin szakszervezet member membr tag negotiations nigousijsnz trgyals(ok) employee emploj alkalmazott, munakavlla strike sztrjk sztrjk management menidzsmnt vezetsg, vezets Ms sorrendben strike sztrjk sztrjk member membr tag raise rjz (fizets)emels, emelkeds unemployment nimplojmnt munkanlklisg wages ovjdzsiz munkabr, fizets job dzsob foglalkozs, lls, munka management menidzsmnt vezetsg, vezets trade-union trjd jnin szakszervezet employee emploj alkalmazott, munakavlla labourer ljbrr munks, dolgoz negotiations nigousijsnz trgyals(ok) colleague kolg kartrs, kollga, munkatrs - 227 -

Gyakorlat I have many colleagues. Sok kollgm van. The negotiations will be tomorrow. A trgyalsok holnap lesznek. We are waiting for the management. A vezetsgre vrunk. He has lost his job. Elvesztette az llst. The employees want to talk. A munkavllalk trgyalni akarnak. I got a raise yesterday. Tegnap fizetsemelst kaptam. He is a member of a trade-union. Szakszervezeti tag. We have great unemployment in Hungary. Magyarorszgon komoly munkanlklisg van. They are talking about the last strike. Most a legutols sztrjkrl beszlgetnek. Do you think my wages are hign? Szerinted, magas a munkabrem? Is he a labourer in this farctory? Munks ebben a gyrban? Egsztsd ki Vannak hreid a sztrjkrl? Have you the news about the strike? Tudnom kell ezekrl a trgyalsokrl. I must know about these negotiations. Szereted a munkdat? Do you like your job? Tavaly tbb tagunk volt. Last year we had more members. Minden vben kapnak fizetsemelst. They get a raise every year. A kollgim mindig segtenek majd nekem. My colleagues will always help me. Mit tudsz az orszgotokban lv What do you know about unemployment in munkanlklisgrl? your country? Egy hnap mlva magasabb lesz a fizetsnk. In a month our wages will be higher. A gyrunk vezetse nagyon j. The management of our factory is very good. Szerdn gyls lesz az sszes dolgozk All labourers have a meeting on Wednesday. rszre. Az sszes alkalmazottad csaldos? Have all your employees families? Tagja vagy ennek a szakszervezetnek? Are you a member of this trade-union? Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt lls job kollga colleague alkalmazott employee munkabr wages - 228 -

vezetsg management tag member dolgoz labourer munkanlklisg unemployment szakszervezet trade-union fizets wages trgyalsok negotiations sztrjk strike fizetsemels raise vezets management A befejezett ml id Past Perfect Tense hasznlata

Ezt az igeidt rendszerint kt mlt idej cselekvs esetben hasznljuk, s a mlt egy adott idpontjhoz viszonytva a korbbi cselekvst jelli. Vagyis azt a cselekvst, amelyik mr befejezdtt akkorra, amikor a msik elkezddtt. A ksbb kezddtt cselekvst a Simple Past (egyszer mlt) igeidben fejezzk ki. A kt leggyakrabban hasznlt hatrozsz: after ftr utn, azutn, miutn before bifr eltt, azeltt, mieltt A mondat szerkezete: Alany + segdige + fige III. alakja + She had read this book They had built the house Gyakorlat I had eaten breakfast before I went to work. Megreggeliztem, mieltt elmentem dolg ozni. After the employees had got a raise they Miutn az alkalmazottak megkaptk a started to work. fizetsemelst, dolgozni kezdtek. Before I visited my mother I had bought her Mieltt megltogattam az desanymat, flowers. virgot vettem neki. She went to bed after she had watched that Miutn megnzte azt a filmet, lefekdt alud ni. film. - 229 ..

Fordtsd angolra Mieltt ezt az autt megvsroltam, mr hossz ideje egy bankban dolgoztam. Miutn hazarkezett, evett egy kevs kenyeret. Mieltt megvettem ezt a kabtot, fel prbltam. Miutn megkapta ezt a levelet, aggdni kezdett. j igk to to to to to negotiate tu nigousijt raise tu rjz apply for tu plj frto eran tu rn reduce tu ridjsz fire tu fjr

Ms sorrendben to to to to apply for tu plj frto reduce tu ridjsz fire tu fjrto negotiate tu nigousijt eran tu rn raise tu rjz

Gyakorlat I think we must raise wages. Yes, our employees have already applied for this. They say they earn too little. We will negotiate it with them. The management wants to fire a hundred of them. But remember we must reduce unem ployent. Before I bought this car I had worked in a bank for a long time. After he had returned home he ate some bread. I had tried on this coat before I bought it. She started to worry after she had got this letter. trgyalni, trgyalst folytatni felemelni, megemelni folyamodni valamirt

(pnzt) keresni cskkenteni, leszlltani elbocsjtani folyamodni valamirt cskkenteni, leszlltani elbocsjtani trgyalni, trgyalst folytatni (pnzt) keresni felemelni, megemelni Azt hiszem, emelnnk kell a breket. Igen, az alkalmazottaink mr krtk. Azt mondjk, tl keveset keresnek. Trgyalni fogunk velk errl. Az igazgatsg szzat kzlk el akar bocsjtani. De ne feledd, cskkentennk kell a munkanlklisget. - 230 -

How can we do it if they want to fire people? Hogyan tudjuk megtenni, ha embreket akarnak elbocsjtani? Egsztsd ki Mieltt cskkentettk a munkanlklisget, j Before they reduced unemployment they had gyrakat ptettek. built new factories. Fel fogjk emelni a brnket? Will they raise our wages? Hny dolgozt bocsjtottak mr el? How many labourers have they already fired? Mieltt j llsrt folyamodtam, egy Bofore I applied for a new job I had worked hivatalban dolgoztam. in an office. Kevesebbet keresnek, mint a szleink? Do they earn less than our parents? Itt nem fogunk trgyalni. We will not negotiate here. Krd s tagad mondatok kpzse Past Perfect igeidben A krdmondatot az alany s a segdige szrendjnek megcserlsvel kpezzk: Pl.: They had been here before I came. Had they been here before I came? He had bought a book before he went home. Head he bought a book before he went h ome? Igenl vlaszt a yes hatrozszval, a szemlyes nvmssal s a had segdigvel kpezznk. Tagad vlaszt a no tagadsz, a szemlyes nvms, a had segdige s a not hatrozsz felhasznlsval kpezznk. A had not szkapcsolatot hadn t [hednt] szerkezetre vonhatjuk ssze. Gyakkorlat Had you been here before I came? Had he written the letter before he went to the post-office? Yes, I had. Yes, he had. No, I had not. No, he had notNo, I hadn t. . No, he hadn t. They had seen this film before we visited them. Head they seen this film before we visited them? Yes, they had. No, they hadn t. He had been in England before he returned. Had he been in England before he returned? Yes, he had. No, he hadn t. They had applied for the job before I started to work there. Had they applied for the job

before I started to work there? Yes, they had. No, they hadn t. - 231 -

A hadn t tagad szerkezetet kujelent mondatokban is hasznlhatjuk. Pl.: They hadn t seen Mary before she visited Nem lttk Mriat azeltt, hogy megltogatta them. ket. They hadn t known about it before I told Nem tudtak rla azeltt, hogy elmondtam them. nekik. Fordtsd angolra Itt voltl, mieltt ezt trtnt? Had you been here before it happened? Miutn felkeltem, kimentem a konyhba. After I had got up I went to the kitchen. Nem lttam ezt a kpet, mieltt idejttem. I hadn t seen this picture before I arrived her e. Megprbltl trgyalni mieltt elbocsjtottak? Had you tired to negotiate before they fired you? Miutn felemeltk a fizetseket, az After they had raised wages the employees alkalmazottak nagyon boldogok voltak. were very glad. Nem gondolkodtam rla, mieltt elolvastam I hadn t thought about it before I read this ezt a knyvet. book. j szavak contents kontentsz tartalom oats outsz zab proceeds prouszdz jvedelem riches ricsiz gazdagsg, vagyon tsz thanks en(g)ksz ksznet, hla surroundings szraundin(g)z krnyk, krnyezet savings szjvin(g)z megtakarts, megtakartott pnz Valamennyi j sz tbbes szmban van, akrcsak a wages. Ms sorendben proceeds prouszdz jvedelem contents kontentsz tartalom thanks tszen(g)ksz ksznet, hla surroundings szraundin(g)z krnyk, krnyezet oats outsz zab savings szjvin(g)z megtakarts, megtakartott pnz riches ricsiz gazdagsg, vagyon - 232 -

Gyakorlat Mi a tartalma ennek a knyvnek? A lovak szeretnek zabot enni. Mennyi a jvedelmed vente? A megtakartott pnzemet otthon tartom. Hogyan szerezte a vagyont? (fi) A ksznetemet fejeztem ki nekik. Ez szp krnyezet. Fordtsd angolra Tallkoztl mr az j alkalmazottakkal? Mieltt Jnosal tallkoztam, Pterrel dolgoztam. Ennek a doboznak rdekes a tartalma. A trgyalsok nagyon nehezek lesznek, de meg kell kapnunk a fizetsemelst. Miutn elkezdett tbbet keresni, egy j hzat vett. A jvedelme tl kicsi ahhoz, hogy megtakartott pnze legyen. Dolgoztl mr valaha, mieltt ezrt az llsrt folyamodtl? A dolgozink t ve tagjai a szakszervezetnek. A sztrjk utn a vezetsg sok alkalmazottnak felmondott. Tennnk kell valamit a munkanlklisg cskkentse rdekben. What are the contents of this book? Horses like to eat oats. What proceeds have you every year? I keep my savings at home. How has he earned his riches? I gave them my thanks. These are nice surroundings. Have you a ready met the new employees?

Before I met John I had worked with Peter. The contents of this box are interesting. The negotiations will be very difficult, but we must get a raise. He bought a new house after he had started to earn more. His proceeds are too small to have savings. Had you ever worked before you applied for this job? Our labourers have been members of a tradeunion for five years. After the strike the management fired many employees. We must do something to reduce unemployment. - 233 -

17. Lecke Msodik rsz j szavak supermarket szprmrkit lelmiszer-ruhz trolley troli bevsrlkocsi customer ksztmr vev, vsrl shop-assistant sop szisztnt bolti elad, elrust receipt riszt nyugta shopping-list sopin(g) liszt bevsrl-lista cash-desk kes deszk pnztr shop-window sop ovindou kirakat exit egzit kijrat bargain brgin alkalmi vtel, elnys vtel discount diszkaunt rengedmny sales szjlz vsr, kirusts shopping-bag sopin(g) beg bevsrltska shopping-list sopin(g) liszt bevsrl-lista shop-window sop ovindou kirakat supermarket szprmrkit lelmiszer-ruhz sales szjlz vsr, kirusts exit egzit kijrat bargain brgin alkalmi vtel, elnys vtel shopping-bag sopin(g) beg bevsrltska discount diszkaunt rengedmny receipt riszt nyugta customer ksztmr vev, vsrl shop-assistant sop szisztnt bolti elad, elrust cash-desk kes deszk pnztr trolley troli bevsrlkocsi - 234 -

Gyakorlat Have you already been in the new supermarket? Yes, they have a lot of customers there. You can take a trolley in this supermarket. Oh, yes. And they often have sales. Yesterday I bought a lot of things at discount. It was a great bargain. My shoppingbag was full, and I didn t spend too much money. And the shop-assistants are always ready to help you. You can always get a receipt at the cash-desk. You can also give the shop-assistant your shopping-list and wait near the exit. She will bring you your shopping. And they always have beautiful shop windows. Egsztsd ki Hny pnztr van az zletben? Imdok kirustson vsrolni. A bevsrlkocsim tele van. Csak egy (bevsrl) tskm van. Ez az lelmiszer-ruhz a legjobb a vrosunkban. Itt ngy kijrat van. Ez az elrust nagyon kedves. Most sok vsrl megy el. Elvesztettem a nyugtt. sszelltottad mr a bevsrl listt? A kirakatban egy szp rdi van. Nagy rengedmnyeket adunk. Voltl mr az j lelmiszer-ruhzban? Igen, nagyon sok vsrljuk van ott. Ebben azu lelmiszer-ruhzban bevsrlkocsit lehet hasznlni. Ah, igen. s gyakran tartanak kirustst. Tegnap sok mindent vettem rengedmnnyel. Nagyon elnys vtel volt.

A tskm tele volt, s nem kltttem tl sok pnzt. s az eladk mindig kszek segteni. A pnztrnl mindig adnak nyugtt. Akr a bevsrl-listdat is odaadhatod az eladnak, s megvrhatod a kijratnl. Odahozza neked, amit vsroltl. s mindig gynyr kirakataik vannak. How many cash-desks have you in the shop? I love to buy at sales. My trolley is full. I have only one shopping-bag. This supermarket is the best in our town. There are four exits here. This shop-assistant is very nice. Many customers are leaving now. I have lost the receipt. Have you already made the shopping-list? There is a nice radio in the shop-window. We give large discounts. - 235 -

Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt alkami vtel bargain bevsrltska shoping-bag kirakat shop-window elad shop-assistant kijrat exit bevsrl-lista shopping-list rengedmny discount kirusts sales vsrl customer nyugta receipt pnztr cash-desk lelmiszer-ruhz supermarket Emlkszel mg a some (nmely, nhny, valamennyi) nvmsra? I have some books. Van nhny knyvem. I have some sugar. Van valamennyi cukrom. Tagadsban s krdsben a some helyett any [eni] nvmst hasznljuk. Hasznlhatjuk egyes s tbbes szmban, megszmllhat s megszmllhatatlan fnevek mellett krd, tagad, esetenknt llt mondatokban is. Pl.: Have you any bread at home? Van (valamennyi) kenyered otthon? Has she any coffee? Van (valamennyi) kvja? Have they any children? Vannak gyermekeik? Have we any tea at home? Van tenk otthon? Az angol krd mondatban az any nvms nem hagyhat el. A krd mondat magyarra fordtsnl viszont nem szksges figyelembe venni. Erre utal, hogy a magyar megfelelje zrjelben van. Kpezz krdseket He saw some cars. My parents have some friends. Her sister has some good books. Did he see any cars? Have my parents any friends? Has her sister any good books? - 236 -

Mary has some customers in her shop. Has Mary any costomers in her shop? Ha az any nvmst magban foglal krdsre a vlasz igenl, akkor a a a lot of, some, a little, a few vagy/s ms mennyisgre utal nvmst is tartalmazhatja.

Have you any receipts? Yes, I have some. Igen, van nhny. Has she any milk? Yes, she has a little. Igen, van neki egy kevs. Have they any cars? Yes, they have a lot of cars. Igen, sok autjuk van. Have yu any trolleys? Yes, we have a few. Igen, neknk van nhny. Ha a vlasz tagad, akkor ktfle szerkezetet hasznlhatunk. Have you any receipts? No, I haven t any receipts. No, I have no receipts. Nincs nyugtm. Have you any time? No, I haven t any time. No, I have no time. Nincs idm. Have they any money? No, they haven t any money. No, they have no money. Nincs pnzk. Ne felejtsd, a not any ugyanazt jelenti, mint a no semennyi.

Fordtsd angolra, tagadsnl hasznld mind kt formt Van nhny gyermekk. They have some/a few children. Nincsenek kpeink. We haven t any pictures. We have no pictures. Vannak kutyid? Have you any dogs? Itt nem ltok embereket. I see no people here. I don t see any piople here. Van egy kevs vajam. I have some/a little butter. Nem ismerek gprnt. I know no typists. I don t know any typists. j szavak important imprtnt fontos, jelents satisfied (with) szetiszfjd megelgedett (valamivel) hardly hrdli alig, aligha hardly any hrdli eni alig valamennyi hardly ever hrdli evr nagy ritkn, szinte soha true tr igaz - 237 -

even vn mg a is, (tagadsban) mg csak sem how much is ? hau mcs iz mennyibe kerl ? cash kes kszpnz unskilled nszkild szakkpzetlen, gyakorlatlan useful jszfl hasznos Ms sorrendben true tr igaz unskilled nszkild szakkpzetlen, gyakorlatlan hardly ever hrdli evr nagy ritkn, szinte soha useful jszfl hasznos how much is ? hau mcs iz mennyibe kerl ? hardly any hrdli eni alig valamennyi satisfied (with) szetiszfjd megelgedett (valamivel) even vn mg a is, (tagadsban) mg csak sem hardly hrdli alig, aligha important imprtnt fontos, jelents cash kes kszpnz A hardly hatrozsz nmagban is tagad rtlem. Ezrt mellette ms tagad szt nem hasznlhatunk. Pl.: I have hardly any friends. Alig van bartom. Gyakorlat How much is this clock? Mennyibe kerl ez az ra? Were all customers satisfied? Minden vsrl meg volt elgedve? I am hardly ever in this shop. Szinte soha nem jrok ebbe a boltba. Is that story true? Igaz ez a trtnet? He always buys useful things. Mindig hasznos dolgokat vesz. There is hardly any salt. Alig van s. This car is even cheaper. Ez az aut mg olcsbb. - 238 -

You must pay in cash. Kszpnzben kell fizetned. They will fire ten unskilled labourers. Tz szakkpzetlen munkst fognak elbocsjtani. I have hardly any money. Alig van valami pnzem. Jegyezd meg: To pay in cash. Kszpnzel fizetni Egsztsd ki Elgedett vagy az llsoddal? Are you satisfied with your job? Mindenki azt alltja, hogy ez a trtnet igaz. Everybody says it is a true story. Mennyibe kerl ez a kerkpr? How much is this bicycle? Mg csak el sem bocsjtottk. They didn t even fire him. Nem akarunk szakkpzetlen munkavllalkat. We don t want unskilled employees. Mindig kszpnzben fizetnk. We always pay in cash. Szmomra az nagyon fontos. It is very important for me. Alig beszlt. She hardly spoke. Szinte soha nem jrok ki mrkzsekre. I hardly ever go to matches. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt alig valamennyi hardly any hasznos useful jelents important alig hardly mennyibe kerl ? How much is ? szakkpzetlen unskilled nagy ritkn, szinte soha hardly ever megelgedett (valamivel) satisfied with igaz true mg a is even kszpnz cash - 239 -

A some nvms sszetett alakjai: something szmtszin(g) valami somebody szmbodi valaki somewhere szmover valahol Gyakorlat I have something to tell you. Mondok neked valamit. It must be somewhere. Lennie kell valahol. Somebosy is standing near our car. Valaki az autnk mellett ll. Krdmondatokban a some helyett az any nvms sszetett alakjait hasznljuk Pl..: Do you know anybody here? Ismersz itt valakit? Did he give you anything? Adott neked valamit? Do you see Mary anywhere? Latod Mrit valahol? Ha a krdsre a vlasz tagad, akkor az any sszetett alakjait hasznljuk s a mondat tagad

szerkezet lesz. Ha a no sszetett alakjait hasznljuk, akkor a tagad mondat llt szerkeze lesz. Ne feledje, az angol nyelvben nincs ketts tagads. Gyakorlat Do you know No, I don t know No, I know nobody Senkit sem ismerek anybody here? anybody here. here. itt. Did he give you No, he didn t give me No, he gave me Semmit sem adott anything? anything. nothing. nekem. Do you see mary No, I don t see her No, I see her Nem ltom t sehol. anywhere? anywhere. nowhere. Fordtsd angolra, tagadsnl hasznld mind kt szerkezetet. Senkivel sem akarok beszlni. I don t want to talk to anybody. I want to talk to nobody. Lttad ezeket a lnyokat valahol? Have you seen these girls anywhere? Nem szeretek senkit. I don t like anybody. I like nobody. Tud valaki kszpnzben fizetni? Can anybod pay in cash, - 240 -

A nvrem valahol Angliban van. Ez az ember nem szerelmes senkibe. Tallkoztl ott olyan valakivel, aki fontos? Ismtlsi gyakorlat A kollgink fizetsemelsrt folyamodnak. Cskkentennk kell a munkanlklisget Magyarorszgon. Az alkalmazottak s a vezetsg holnap lseznek, hogy a brekrl trgyaljanak. A mi szakszervezetnk tagjai tbbet keresnek. Mostanban hny dolgozt bocsjtottak el? Lttl valami rdekeset a krnyknkn? Az jvedelme nagyon magas. (fi) Mieltt ezt a knyvet megvettem, rdekldtem a tartalma fell. A jv hten az lelmiszer-ruhzunkban kirusts lesz. A nyugtt a pnztrnl kapod meg. A vsrlink mindig elgedettek az alkalmi vteleikkel. Mieltt bevsrolni mentem, sszertam a bevsrl-listt. Kaphatok rengedmnyt? Van rd otthon? Alig hallgatok zent. Mennyibe kerl ez a szoknya? Senkinek nem szlok rla. Miutn dolgozni keztdem, Jnos megrkezett. My sister is somewhere in England. This man doesn t love anybody. This man loves nobody. Did you meet anybody important there? Our colleagues are applying for a raise. We must reduce unemployment in Hungary.

The employees and the management are meeting tomorrow to negotiate wages. The members of our trade-union earn more. How many labourers have they recntly fired? Have you seen anything interesting in our surroundings? His proceeds are very high. Before I bought this book I had asked about its contents. There will be sales in our supermarket next week. You will get the receipt at the cash-desk. Our customers are always satisfied with their bargains. Before I went shopping I had written a shopping-list. Can I get a discount? Have you any clocks at home? I hardly ever listen to music. How much is this skirt, I won t tell anybody about it. I will tell nobody about it. After I had started work John came. - 241 -

Kiejtsi gyakorlat e o j cash trolley true sales cat job blue day hat clock do pay can sock boot say - 242 -

18. Lecke 18. Lecke Els rsz j szavak towel taul trlkz bucket bkit vdr, csbr fridge fridzs ht, htszekrny mop mop felmosruha sink szin(g)k mosogat tile tjl csempe, cserp gas-cooker gesz kukr gztzhely tap tep csap cupboard kbd (fali)szekrny, konyhaszekrny rubbish-bin rbis bin szemtlda saucepan szszpen (nyeles)serpeny oven ovn st, kemence Ms sorrendben tap tep csap oven ovn st, kemence fridge fridzs ht, htszekrny tile tjl csempe, cserp gas-cooker gesz kukr gztzhely saucepan szszpen (nyeles)serpeny sink szin(g)k mosogat bucket bkit vdr, csbr cupboard kbd (fali)szekrny, konyhaszekrny towel taul trlkz rubbish-bin rbis bin szemtlda mop mop felmosruha - 243 -

Gyakorlat I want to change something in the kitchen. Valmit megakarok vltoztatni a konyhban. I will put the fridge near the door. A htt majd az ajt kzelbe teszem. These cupboards will hang in the corner. Ezek a szekrnyek a sarokban lesznek (fggenek). And I want to have tiles on the wall over the sink. s a mosogat fltt a falon csempket akarok. I think we can also change the tap. Azt hiszem, a csapot is kicserlhetjk. We will buy a new gas-cooker and an electric Egy j gztzhelyet s egy elektromos oven. stt vesznk. The rubbish-bin and the bucket whit the mop can Ide kerlhet a szemtlda s a vdr a go here. felmosronggyal. And the towel will hang near the sink. s a trlkz a mosogat kzelben lesz (fgg) majd. And what about the saucepans? s mi legyen a serpenykkel? I must think about it. Ezen mg gondolkodnom kell. Egsztsd ki A padlt a felmosruhval trljk fel. We clean the floor with a mop. Vidd a szemtldt. Take the rubbish-bin. Hol kaphatok nagy csapokat? Where can I get big taps? Van valami abban a vdrben. There is something in that bucket. A fridzsidernk t ves. Our fridge is five years old. Egy j gztzhelyet kell vennnk. We must buy a new gas-cooker. A piszkos tnyrok a mosogatban vannak. Dirty plates are in the sink. Tetszenek a csempk ebben az zletben. I like the tiles in this shop. Ez a serpeny nem elg nagy. This saucepan is not big enough. A tet ebben a szekrnyben keresd. Look for the tea in this cupboard. Vannak tiszta trlkzid? Have you any clean towels? Mennyibe kerl ez a st? How much is this oven? Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt szemtlda rubbish-bin st, kemence oven trlkz towel - 244 -

felmosrongy mop konyhaszekrny cupboard gztzhely gas-cooker serpeny saucepan csap tap mosogat sink csempe tile vdr bucket fridzsider fridge A hatrozszk kpzsnek alapelvei Mellknevekbl ly vgzdssel kpznk hatrozszt. Pl.: Beautiful gynyr beautifully bjtifli gynyren Ugyan gy kpeznk hatrozkat id kifejezsvel kapcsolatos fnevekbl. Pl.: month hnap monthly mntszli have, havonknt week ht weekly ovkli heti, hetenknt day nap daily djli napi, naponknt Figyeld meg, hogy a daily szban az y bet i-re vltozott. Hasonl vltozs trtnik ha az y bett mssalhangz elzi meg. Pl.: Easy knny easily zili knnyen Egsztsd ki Gynyren nekel. A vonat nagyon lassan megy. Nagyon szomoran mondta azt. Udvariasan kell velk beszlnnk. Ez a gyerek borzalmasan r. She sings beautifully. the train is going very slowly. He said it very sadly. We must talk with them politely. This child writes awfully. Az angolban a jl megfelelje a well. Mivel azonban nem lthatjuk el fokozsa megegyezik a good mellknv fokozsval. Pl.: well jl better jobban the best a legjobban - 245 ly vgzdssel, a

Az angolban tbb hatrozsz alakja azonos a mellknv alakjval Pl.: latecheap wide fast ks, ksve olcs, olcsn szles, szlesen gyors, gyorsan high long hard early magas, magasan hossz, hossz(as)an kemny, kemnyen korai, korn Jegyezd meg A cheap s a wide esetben hasznlhatjuk a j igk to to to to to look tu luk kinzni valahogy, valamilyennek feel tu fl rezni (magt valahogy), rzkelni smell tu szmel szagolni, valamilyen szagnak lenni taste tu tjszt (meg)zlelni, kstolni, valamilyen znek lenni sound tu szaund hangzani, hallatszani ly vgzdst is: cheaply, widely .

Kt ige rendhagy I. alak II. alak III. alak feel fl felt felt felt felt smell szmel smelt szmelt smelt szmelt A megismert t igt csak mellknv kvetheti. Velk hatrozszt nem hasznlhatunk. I feel very good today. Ma nagyon jl rzem magam. You look beautiful. Remekl nzel ki. The dinner tastes great. A vacsora nagyon zletes This music sounds good. Ez a zene jl hangzik. Your flowers smell nice. A virgaid kellemes illatak. Fordtsd angolra A felesgem gynyoren kt. My wife knits beautifully. Ma nagyon szomoran rzem magam. I feel very sad today. Nagyon furcsn nz ki. (lny) She looks very strange. Most gyorsan kell mennnk. We must go fast now. Mirt dolgozol olyan kemnyen? Why are you workin so hard? - 246 -

Menyi pnzt kltesz hetenknt? How mush money do you spend weekly? Az desapm mindig nagyon lassan stl. My father always walks very slowly. Nagyon olcsn vettem. I have bought it very cheap/cheaply. Klnsen r. (lny) She writes strangely. Az desanym nagyon jl vezet. My mother drives very well. Nagyon knnyen meg tudjuk csinlni. We can do it very easily. j szavak to serve tu szrv kiszolglni, val valamire to wrap (up) tu rep p becsomagolni to deliver tu dilivr kzbesteni, (el)szlltani to stock tu sztok raktron tartani, feflszerelni, ruval elltni to support tu szprt tmogatni, (al)tmasztani insulated inszjuljtid szigetelt to let tu let kiadni, brbe adni, (ki)brelni for sale fr szjl elad (valami) out of order aut ov rdr rossz, nem mkdik greasy grszi zsros, olajos Ms sorrendben to support tu szprt tmogatni, (al)tmasztani to deliver tu dilivr kzbesteni, (el)szlltani greasy grszi zsros, olajos insulated inszjuljtid szigetelt to let tu let kiadni, brbe adni, (ki)brelni to stock tu sztok raktron tartani, feflszerelni, ruval elltni to serve tu szrv kiszolglni, val valamire for sale fr szjl elad (valami) to wrap (up) tu rep p becsomagolni out of order aut ov rdr rossz, nem mkdik Is your house insulated? Szigetelt a hzad? My sister s house is for A nvrem hza elad. The fridge is out of order. A ht nem mkdik. - 247 -

Don t use this plate. It s greasy. Ne hasznld ezt a tnyrt. Zsros. There are a few rooms to let. Van nhny kiad szoba. The shop-assistant will serve us. Az elad kiszolgl bennnket. Can you wrap up these boods? Becsomagoln ezeket a knyveket? They will deliver the cupboards in the A konyhaszekrnyeket este fogjk leszlltani. evening. The trade-union supports the lapbourers. A szakszervezet segti a dolgozkat. Egsztsd ki Mikor fogja kiszlltani ezeket a serpenyket? What time will you deliver these saucep ens? A mi hzunk szigetelt. Our house is insulated. Mita rossz az aut? How long has the car been out of order? Ez a szerszm favgsra val. This tool serves to cut wood. Olajos a kezed. You have greasy hands. Tmogatsz majd bennnket az rtekezleten? Will you support us at the meeting? Kibrelhet ez a replgp? Is this plane to let? Kt vvel ezeltt tartottunk ilyet. We stocked it two years ago. A szomszdaink hza elad. Our neighbours house is for sale. Be akarod csomagolni ezt a kzitskt? Do you want to wrap up this hadbag? Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt szigetelt insulated becsomagolni to wrap up raktron tartani to stock elromlott out of order kzbesteni to deliver zsros greasy kiszolglni to serve brbe adni to let tmogatni to support elad for sale - 248 -

Figyeld meg az albbi mondatot: I don t know where this book is. Nem tudom, hol van ez a knyv. A mondat vastagon szedett mellkmondatt fgg krdsnek nevezzk. Jellemzje: a mellkmkondatot egy krd nvms (where, when stb.) vezeti be, s utna egyenes szred kvetkezik. Pl.: Tell me when they will come. Don t tell them where I have put my savings. Gyakorlat Tudod, az mennyibe kerl? Mondd meg, mikor ltogathatlak meg. Nem tudom, itt ki szolgl ki. Pter megmondja neknk, melyik hz kiad. Tudod, hogy mit csinlnak a gyermekeid? j igk to mop tu mop to iron tu jn to dust tu dsztto peel tu pl to empty tu empti to turn on tu trn on to turn off tu trn of Gyakorlat I have already mopped the floor. Will you iron this shirt for me? We must dust the chairs. Peel the potatoes for dinner. Did you empty the ashtrays? Turn on the TV set, please. You must turn off the tap. Mondd meg nekem, mikor fognak jnni. Ne mondd meg nekik, hov tettem a megtakartott pnzemet. Do you know how much it is? Tell me when I can visit you. I don t know who serves here. Peter will tell us which house is to let. Do you know what your children are doing? feltrlni, felmosni vasalni, kivasalni

leporolni, kiporolni (meg)hmozni kirteni, kibortani kinyitni, felkapcsolni, bekapcsolni elzrni, kikapcsolni Mr feltrltem a padlt. Lgy szves, vasald ki ezt az inget nekem! Le kell porolnunk a szkeket. Hmozd meg a krumplit vacsorra! Kirtetted a hamutartkat? Krlek, kapcsold be a Tv-kszlket. El kell zrnod a csapot. - 249 -

Egsztsd ki Mialatt a szoknyt vasaltam, a frjem visszajtt. Mieltt reggelizni kezdtem, bekapcsltam a kenyrpirtt. Mg mindig hmozod ezeket a zldsgeket? Minden reggel kirtjk a szemtldt. Le kell porolnod a knyvszekrnyedet. Anya, mi fel tudjuk trlni a padlt a frdszobban. Emlkszem, hogy kikapcsoltam a rdit, mieltt elmentem. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt kikapcsolni feltrlni kivasalni meghmozni kinyitni kirteni leporolni While I was ironing the skirt my husband returned. Before I started to eat breakfast I had turned on the toaster. Are you still peeling these vegetables? We empty the rubbish-bin every morning. You must dust your bookcase. Mother, we can mop the floor in the bathroom. I remember that I had turned off the radio before I left. to to to to to to to turn off mop iron peel turn on empty dust

Ha valamilyen llny, trgy ltezst, mennyisgt, vagy ppen a nemltt llaptjuk meg,

akkor a there is/there are szerkezetet hasznljuk. Ezzel a szerkezettel krdst gy kpeznk, hogy a there nyelvtani alany s a segdige szrendjt megcserljk. Pl.: There is a book on the table. Is there a book on the table? Van knyv az asztalon? There are cars in the street. Are there any cars in the street? Vannak autk az utcn? There has been a meeting here. Has there been a meeting here? Volt itt rtekezlet? Ez a szerkezet valamennyi igeidben alkamazhat. - 250 -

Kpezz krdseket There were many bicycles in that shop. Were there many bicycles in that shop? There is a house for sale in London. Is there a house for sale in London? There will be sales in this supermarket. Will there be sales in this supermarket ? Igenl vlasz kpzshez a yes hatrozszt, a there nyelvtani alanyt s a segdigt hasznljuk. Tagad vlasz kpzshez a no tagadszt, a there szt, a segdigt s a not hatrozszt hasznljuk. Is there coffee at home? Yes, there is. Igen, van. No, there isn t. Nincs. Are there any mops here? Yes, there are. Igen, van No, there aren t. Nincs. Will there be a meeting Yes, there will. Igen lesz. No, there won t. Nem lesz. here? Add meg az igenl s tagad vlaszokat Have there been any accidents this month? Yes, Are there any cups in the cupboard? Yes, there Will there be any good films on Tv today. Yes, Have there been any labourers here? Yes, there j igk to to to to to offer tu ofr (fel)ajnlani, (fel)knlni permit tu pmit engedlyezni, (meg)engedni allow tu lau megengedni, engedlyezni promise tu promisz meggrni refuse tu rifjz visszautastani, elutastani there have. No, there haven t. are. No, there aren t. there will. No, there won t. have. No, there haven t.

Gyakorlat He promised me a new car. Egy j autt igrt nekem. Will they offer you a better job? Felknlnak neked egy jobb llst? The management refused to give me a raise. A vezetsg elutastotta, ahogy emelje a fizetsemet. Mother will now allow you to go to the Anya nem fogja megengedni, hogy elmenj a cinema. moziba. Have they premitted you to bring the dog? Megengedtk neked, hogy elhozd a kutyt? - 251 -

Egsztsd ki Nem engedem meg, hogy itt dohnyozz. I don t permit/allow you to smoke here. Visszautastotta, hogy segtsen nekem. She refused to help me. Igrd meg, hogy korn visszajssz. Promise me you will return early. Kt lakst ajlhatok neked. I can offer you two apartments. Add meg a kvetkez szavak angol megfeleljt felknlni to offer elutastani to refuse megengedni to permit engedlyezni to allow meggrni to promise Fordtsd angolra Gyorsan ki kell rtennk a fridzsidert. We must empty the fridge fast. Mikor szlltjk a konyhaszekrnyeket? What time will they deliver the cupboards? Nagyon udvariasan mondta ezt. (lny) She said this very politely. Hasznlhatod ezt a vdrt. You can use thsi bucket. Mennyit keresel havonta? How much do you earn monthly? Gynyren nztek ki egytt. You look beautiful together. Mondd meg, hol vannak ezek a serpenyk. Tell me where these saucepans are. Van kenyr otthon? Is there any bread at home? Mindig nagyon jl vezette az autt. (fi) He has always driven the car very well. - 252 -

18. Lecke Msodik rsz Olvasd el figyemesen a kvetkez prbeszdet. Peter: Mary, have you heard that a lot of labourers don t like their jobs? Mery: No, I haven t. and why don t they like their jobs? Peter: They say their wages are too low and they must often apply for a raise. Mary: Well, I have heard about that. But the management has refused their applications so far. Hardly any employees like the management. Peter: And the other problem is that there is unemployment in our surroundings. Even John has hardly worked this summer. The trade-union wants to negotiate about the strike. Mary: And all our employees are members of this trade-union. The management already knows about it and wants to fire some of the employees. Do you know how many people they want to fire? Peter: No, I don t. I think there must be a few. But there are many unskilled workers and they will not get a job. John: I must give my thanks to your mother because she has helped me. Barbara: How did she help you? John: You know I wante to buy a car after I had earned more money. But I was sti ll short of money and she gave me some. Barbara: Today we must go to the supermarket to do some shopping. There are many things on my shopping-list. Now you can return thsi money! John: Why must we go to the supermarket all the time? Barbara: Because the shop-assistants are very polite there and they stock almost everything. And today they have sales there. John: Good, today I ll take you to the supermarket in my new car. Tom: Mary, today we have a lot of work to do. Mary: I know. I must dust the tables, empty the rubbis-bin and iron my father s shirts. Tom: And I must place the gas-cooker somewhere else, because it cannot stand nex t to the fridge. Mary: But yu can t do it today. All of our electric tools are out of order. Tom: I almost forgot about it. then I ll go and buy a new electric oven to the kitchen.

Mary: But Tom, we must pay for it in cash and right now we are short of cash. Tom: Then I will peel the vegetables for dinner. Barbara. Now you can read it, but later I will turn on the radio and we can listen to some music. - 253 -

Peter: But I want to read this book tonight. You know I read two books daily. Barbara: What are the contents of that book? Peter: The contents of this book are very important and useful for a secretary. Barbara. Then I will also read that book. Fordtsd angolra A kollgim nem akarjk ezt a sztrjkot. My colleagues don t want this strike. Tallkozunk, hogy trgyaljunk a fizetsemelsekrl? Will we meet to negotiate raises? Az alkalmazottaink le akarjk cserlni a vezetsget. Our employees want to change the management. Mieltt munkhoz lttunk, vrtunk rjuk. Before we started work we had waited for them. Miutn megrtam a levlelet, kt blyeget vettem. After I had written a letter I bought two stamps. Azt hiszem, hogy jobb beosztst s magasabb fizetst I think I will apply for a better job and fogok krni. higher wages. Ebben az vben zabot akarnak termeszteni. They want to grow oats this year. Kt vvel ezeltt gynyr krnyezetben laktunk. Two years ago we lived in beautiful surroundings. Emeltk mr a fizetseket? Have they already raised wages? Minden vev elgedett a vsrlssal az lelmiszer-All customers are satisfied with the ruhzunkban. shopping in our supermarket.

Ne felejtsd el a bevsrl-litt s a (bevsrl)tskt Don t forget to take the shopping-lis magaddal vinni. and the shopping-bag. Csak a kirusts alatt adnak rengedmnyt? Do they give discounts only during sales? A pnztrnl kell hagynom a bevsrlkocsit? Must I leave the trolley at the cashdesk? Sokat keres s csak lertkelt holmit vsrlo. (fi) He earns a lot and buys only bargains. Ebben a vrosban nincs bartom. I haven t any friends in this town. I have no friends in this town. Szinte soha nem ksztenek hzi feladatot. They hardly ever do homework. gy gondolod, hogy ez a konyhaszekrny hasznos Do you think this cupboard will be lesz a konyhban? useful in the kitchen? Ez a hr nagyon fontos. This news is very important. Mennyibe kerl ez a kerkpr? How much is this bicycle? Ez a trtnet nem lehet igaz. This story can t be true. Van valami mondanivald a szmomra? Have you anything to tell me? - 254 -

Hol vannak a trlkzk? Where are the towels? Mieltt elmentnk Mrihoz, feltrltk a padlt. Before we went to Mary we had mopped the floors. Nagyon klns a jrsa (fi) He walks very strangely. A TV kszlk rossz. The TV set is out of order. Az elad ppen csomagolja, amit vettem. The shop-assistant is just wrapping up my shopping. Krdezt meg, mikor zrja be az zletet! (fi) Ask him when he shuts the shop. Porold le az asztalokat s vasald ki ezeket a ruhkat! Dust the tables and iron thes e clothes. Ki tudod kapcsolni a rdit? Can you trun off the radio? Vannak itt knyvek (egyltaln)? Are there any books here? Kiejtsi gyakorlat j j peel dust iron sale seen bucket tile make leave but wide late green sun drive date - 255 -

19. Lecke 19. Lecke Els rsz j szavak gale gjl szlvihar hail hjl jges shower saur zpor, zivatar ice jsz jg shade sjd rnyk dew dj harmat thunderstorm tszndrsztrm mennydrgs umbrella mbrel eserny road roud (kz)t, orszgt hurricane hrikn hurrikn thaw tsz olvads sunny spells szni szpelz napos id Ms sorrendben thaw tsz olvads umbrella mbrel eserny shade sjd rnyk hail hjl jges sunny spells szni szpelz napos id road roud (kz)t, orszgt thunderstorm tszndrsztrm mennydrgs ice jsz jg gale gjl szlvihar hurricane hrikn hurrikn dew dj harmat shower saur zpor, zivatar - 256 -

Gyakorlat There were a lot of glaes in January. Janurban sok szlvihar volt. There was some hail this morning. Ma reggel jges esett (volt). There is ice on the water. Jg van a vzen. Can you see the dew on the grass? Ltod a harmatot a fvn? There are no thunderstorms in these Ezen a vidken nincsenek gihbork. surroundings. Don t forget your umbrella. Ne feledkezz meg az esernydrl! This road is too narrow for a van. Ez az t tl keskeny egy zrt teheraut szmra. Hurricanes bring a lot of rain. A hurriknok sok est hoznak. The thaw will start next month. Az olvads a jv hnapban kezddik. The shade is long in the afternoon. Dlutn hossz az rnyk. There will be a shower in the morning. Reggel zpor lesz. Sunny spells don t often happen in autumn. sszel a napos id nem gyakori. Egsztsd ki Nem szeretem az olvadst. I don t like the thaw. Vettl mr j esernyt? Have you already bought a new umbrella? rnyalatnyi mosoly volt az arcn. There was a shade of smile on his face. Ezen a tavaszon nem lesz jges. There won t be any hail this spring. A legutols napos id egy hnappal ezeltt The last sunny spell was a month ago. volt. Ezt az utat kell vlasztanunk. We must take this road. Nyron szeretem a mennydrgseket. I love thunderstorms in summer. Sok jg van a folyn. There is a lot of ice on the river. Valban ki akarsz menni ebben a viharos Do you really want to go out in this gale?

szlben? A hurrikn Amerika kzelben van. The hurricane is near America. Reggel mindig van harmat a fvn. There is always dew on the grass in the morning. gy vlem holnap zporok lesznek. I think there will be showers tomorrow. - 257 -

Fordtsd angolra Az rnykom mindig mgttem jr. Ez az t a legjobb. Ebben a hnapban sok mennydrgs volt. Nem szeretem a zporokat. Vedd fel a cipdet! A f harmatos. Amikor olvads van, az utck nedvesek. Elvihetem az esernydet? A hurriknban mindent elvesztettnk. Valban szereted a hideg tet jggel? Remlem napos id lesz sszel. Tegnap es s jges volt. Tlen gyakran van viharos szl. My shade always goes behind me. This road is the best. This month there have been many thunderstorms. I don t like showers. Put on your shoes! There is dew on the grass. When there is thaw the streets are wet. Can I take your umbrella? We lost everything in the hurricane. Do you really like cold tea with ice? I hope there will be sunny spells in autumn. Yesterday we had rain and hail. There are often gales in winter. A legutols olvads utn megrkezik a tavasz. Spring will come after the last thaw. A feltteles mondat Az angolban a feltteles mondatnak hrom tpusa van, most az els tpussal foglalkozunk.

Az els tpus (I. Conditional) a jvre utal. A felttel teljeslse, illetve a jvbeni csel bedvetkezse valszn. Pl.: If you return this book you will get another. Ha visszahozod ezt a knyvet, kapsz egy msikat. If she leaves too late, she will be late for her bus. Ha tl ksn meggy el, leksi az autbuszt. The weather will be nice if the temperature isn t lower. Az idjrs kellemes lesz, ha a hmrsklet nem lesz alacsonyabb. Az if [if] jelentse: ha, feltve hogy. Jegyezd meg, hogy a feltteles mondatban (vagyis az if utni tagmondatban) jelen idt

(Simple Present) a fmondatban pedig egyszer jv idt (Simple Future) hasznlunk. Egsztsd ki Ha esik az es, nem megynk stlni. If it rains we won t go for a walk. - 258 -

Nem leszel j orvos, ha nem tanulsz. Ha fagy lesz honap, otthon maradunk. Ha nem viszi az esernyjt, tzottan fog hazajnni. j szavak slippery szliprisevere szivirchangeable csjndzsbl dense densz oppressive opresziv dangerous djndzsrsz Ms sorrendben changeable csjndzsbl oppressive opresziv slippery szliprisevere szivirdense densz dangerous djndzsrsz Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet Do you like the weather today? You won t be a good doctor if you don t learn. If there is frost tomorrow, we will stay at home. If she doesn t take her umbrella she will return home wet. csszs, skos szigor, kemny vltozkony sr, tmr tikkaszt, nyomaszt veszjes vltozkony tikkaszt, nyomaszt csszs, skos szigor, kemny sr, tmr veszjes No, it s awful. In the morning the fog was so dense that I didn t see my car. Yes, and the streets were slippery. It was dangerous. I think this winter will b e severe. I am not sure. The weather is always changeable in November. And it s better than the oppressive heat in summer. - 259 -

Fordtsuk le a fenti prbeszdet Do you like the weather today? Tetszik neked az idjrs ma? No, it s awful. Nem, szrny. In the morning the fog was so dense that I Reggel a kd olyan sr volt, hogy nem didn t that I didn t see my car. lttam az autmat. Yes, the streets were slippery. Igen, az utck csszsak voltak. It was dangerous. Veszlyes volt. I think this winter will be severe. Azt hiszem, ez a tl kemny lesz. I am not sure. Ebben nem vagyok biztos. The weather is always changeable in Novemberben az idjr mindig vltozkony. November. And it s better than the oppressive heat in s ez jobb, mint a tikkaszt hsg nyron. summer. Egsztsd ki Kemny fagy llt be. Severe frost has set in. Magyarorszgon az idjrsunk vltozkony. We have changeable weather in Hungary. Az utckon nagyon sr a forgalom. There is dense traffic in the streets. Az t csszs volt, gy gyalog mentnk. The road was slippery so we went on foot. Ezek az llatok veszlyesek lehetnek. These animals there has been oppressive heat. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt vltozkony changeable tmr dense skos slippery szigor severe nyomaszt oppressive veszlyes dangerous Eddig tanult sorszmnevek first els second msodik third harmadik fourth negyedik - 260 -

Tovbbi sorszmneveket gy kpeznk, hogy a tszmnvhez Pl.: six szixth sziksztsz seven seventh szevntsz Nhny szmnv rsa a th vgzds kveten megvltozik. Pl.: five fifth fiftsz twelve twelfth tovelftsz Az y ra vgzd szmneveknl a szvgi hozzadst kveten. Pl.: twenty -twentieth toventitsz y

th vgzdst illesztnk.

ie betkre vltozik a th vgzds

Ha a sorszmnv utols egysge egyedik, -kettedik, -harmadik, akkor termszetesen a first, second, third sorszmnv-egysgeket hasznljuk. Pl.: huszonegyedik twenty-first toventi frszt harminckettedik thiry-second tszrti szeknd hatvanharmadik sixty-third szikszti tszrd Gyakorlat A tizedik munkanapunk volt. It was our tenth day of work. Ez a knyv jobbra a huszonhatodik polcon This book is on the twenty-sixth shelf on the van. right. A nenyvenhetedik tanr ppen most plyzta The forty-seventh teacher has just applied fo r meg az llst. the job. Ha a sorszmnevet szmjeggyel rjuk le, akkor a szmjegyhez a sorszmnv rott alakjnak utols kt betjt is hozz kell rnunk. Pl.: first 1st second 2nd third 3rd twenty-fifth 25th - 261 -

j igk to to to to to to need tu nd megkvnni, valamire szksgnek lenni freeze tu frz megfagyni, megdermedni melt tu melt megolvadni, elolvadni drizzle tu drizl permetezni, szitlni (es) drop tu drop csepegni, esni, sllyedni set in tu szet in kezddni, bellni

Ms sorrendben to to to to to to drop tu drop csepegni, esni, sllyedni melt tu melt megolvadni, elolvadni set in tu szet in kezddni, bellni need tu nd megkvnni, valamire szksgnek lenni drizzle tu drizl permetezni, szitlni (es) freeze tu frz megfagyni, megdermedni

Rendhagy igk freeze set in I. alak frzszet in froze set in II. alak frouzszet in frozen set in III. alak frouzn szet in Gyakorlat He has always needed our help. The water has frozen. The thaw will set in next month. The ice has already melted. Mindeg szksge volt a segtsgnkre. A vz megfagyott. Az enyhbb id a jv hnapban kezddik. A jg mr elolvadt. We won t go to town if i drizzles tomorrow. Nem megynk a vrosban, ha szitl az es honap. Don t drop this magazine on the floor. Ne ejtsd le ezt a folyiratot a padlra! Egsztsd ki Valami leesett az asztalrl. Something has dropped from the table. Tavasszal a jg elolvadt. Ice will melt in spring. Le kell fagyasztanunk valamennyi telt. We must freeze some food. - 262 -

Szksged van az autra ma? Do you need the car today? Ha kemny fagy kezddik, elmegynk ebbl a vrobl. Tegnap egsz nap szitlt az es. Add meg az igk angol megfeleljt megfagynimegkvnniMegolvadni kezddni permetezni sllyedni Figyeld meg a kvetkez mondatokat: They make cars in this factory. Cars are made in this factory. If severe frost sets in we well leave this town. It was drizzling all day yesterday. to freeze to need to melt to set in to drizzle to drop Ebben a gyrban autkat ksztenek. Autk kszlnek ebben a gyrban. A msodik mondat szenved szerkezetben (Passive Voice [psziv vojsz]) van, amit akkor hasznlunk, ha az alany kilte nem lnyeges, s ezrt a mondat vgre kerl, vagy teljesen hinyzik a mondatbl. A szeved szerkezetet a to be ige megfelel alakja, s a fige III. alakja felhasznlsval kpezzk. Gyakorlat The hammer was found in the shed. A kalapcsot a fszerben talltk. The floor in the kitchen will be mopped A konyhban a padlt holnap trlik fel. tomorrow. Alaktsd t a cselekv szerkezet mondatokat szenved szerkezet mondatokk She emptied the basket. The basket was emptied. She has ironed her son s shirts. Her son s shirts have been ironed. We will negotiate a raise tomorrow. A raise will be negotiated tomorrow. They deliver newspapers every day. Newspapers are delivered every day. A cselekv szerkezet mondat trgya a szenved szerekezet mondat alanya lesz. - 263 -

Fordtsd angolra Elfelejtettem az esernyt elvinni. I have forgotten to take the umbrella. Ezen a nyron csak nhny menndrgs volt. We have had only a few thunderstorm this summer. Ezt az utat kt vvel ezeltt ptettk. This road was built two years ago. A tizenkettedik rendr tl ksn rkezett. The twelfth policeman came too late. He nem dolgozol, nem lesz pnzed. If you don t work you will not have money. Minden levelet elkldtek mr. All letters have already been sent. Megltogatjuk Jnost s Mrit, ha nem szitl We will visit John and Mary if it dosen t az es. drizzle. A pulveremet (meg)ktttk. My sweater has been knitted. Ha a kd sr, nem ltunk semmit. If the fog is dense we will see nothing. A csszs utak nagyon veszlyesek. Slippery roads are very dangerous. Sok j ruhra van szksgem. I need a lot of new clothes. Ez az tvenedik alkalmazottunk. This is our fiftieth employee. - 264 -

19 Lecke

Msodik rsz

j szavak double bed dbl bed dupla gy sheet sht leped blanket blen(g)kit takar pillow pilou prna pedspread bedszpred gytakar alarm clock lrm klok bresztra sheets shtsz leped, lapok wardrobe ovrdroub ruhatr, gardrb, ruhsszekrny rug rg kisebb sznyeg dressing-grow dreszin(g) gaun hlknts single bed szingle bed szimpla gy deam drm lom, brnd nightmare njtmer rmlom Ms sorrendben rug rg kisebb sznyeg deam drm lom, brnd pedspread bedszpred gytakar double bed dbl bed dupla gy pillow pilou prna nightmare njtmer rmlom blanket blen(g)kit takar wardrobe ovrdroub ruhatr, gardrb, ruhsszekrny alarm clock lrm klok bresztra sheets shtsz leped, lapok dressing-grow dreszin(g) gaun hlknts single bed szingle bed szimpla gy sheets shtsz leped, lapok - 265 -

Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet What do you want to have in our new bedroom? We must have one double bed or two single beds. I think we can have a wardrobe in the corner of the room. Yes, and two small rugs near the bed. I want to buy many new things. I am thinki g about new dressing-rowns, new pillows and blankets. sheets and a large bedspread. Can we afford it? I hope we can. We can also buy a new electric alarm clock. They are very good. Will we buy new, nice dreams too? I think that after we buy all the new thins we can afford only nightmares. They are cheaper. Fordtsuk le a fenti prbeszdet What do you want to have in our new bedroom? We must have on double bed or two single beds. I think we can have a big wardrobe in the corner of the room. Yes, and two small rugs near the bed. I want to buy many new things. I am thinking about new dressing-gowns, pillows and balnkets. new sheets and a large bedspread. Can we afford it? I hope we can. We can also buy a new electric alarm clock. They are very good. Will we buy new, nice dreams too? I think that after we buy all the nes things we can afford only nightmares. They are cheaper.

Mit akarsz, mi legyen az j hlszobnkban? Neknk vagy egy dupla gy vagy kt szimpla gy kell. Azt hiszem, lehet egy nagy ruha-szerknynk a szoba sarkban. Igen, s kt kisebb sznyeg az gy mell. Sok j dolgot akarok venni. j kntskre, prnkra s takarkra gondolok. j gynem s egy hatalmas gytakar (is kellene). Megengedhetjk mindezt? Remlem igen. j elektromos bresztrt is vehetnk. Azok nagyon jk. Vesznk j, kellmes lmokat is? Azt hiszem, miutn az sszes j dolgot megvsroltuk, csak rmlmokat engedhetnk meg magunknak. Azok olcsbbak. - 266 -

Egsztsd ki Nekik ktgyas szobik vannak itt. They have rooms with double beds here. Egy j hlkntst kell vennem a I must buy my wife a new dressing-gown. felesgemnek. Csak prnkat s takarkat adhatunk neked. We can only give you pillows and blankets. Mennyibe kerl ez az bresztra? How much is this alarm clock? Lttad a zld gynemt a boltban? Did you see the green sheets in the shop? Egy egygyas szobt vesznk ki a We ll take on single bed for our daughter. lnyunknak. Milyen sznek a kis sznyegeid? What colour are your rugs? Az gytakarnak fehr sznnek kell lennie. The bedspread must be white. Ksztnk egy ruhsszekrnyt s a sarokba We ll make a wardrobe and put it in the tesszk. croner. Gyakran lmodsz jjel? Do you often have dreams at night? Az utols napok mindegyike egy rmlom The last days were a nightmare for me. volt szmomra. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt lom dream takar blanket hlknts dressing-gown prna pillow bresztra alarm clock kisebb sznyeg ru leped sheet gynem, lapok sheets gytakar bedspread lidrcnyoms nightmare ruhatr wardrobe ikergy double bed szimpla gy single bed - 267 -

Dtumok rs s olvassa A dtumokat a kvetkezkppen rjk: On 21ts October oktber huszonegyedikn Figyeld meg, hogy a kiejtsben jrulkos szavak jelennek meg, amelyek rsban nem szerepelnek. Ezek a the a szmnv eltt s az of a hnap neve eltt.

Pl.: The bed will be delivered on 15th November. Dz bed ovil b dilivrd on Dz fiftntsz ov nouvembr Az gyat november 15-n szlltjk. This letter was written on 31st July. Dzisz letr ovoz ritn oDz tszrti frszt ov dzsulj n Ezt a levelet jlius 31-n rtk. j igk to kill tu kil to drown tu drato wreck tu rek to burn tu brn meglni, meggyilkolni un vzbe fulladni, megfulladni sszeroncsolni, tnkretenni gni, elgni, meggni Rendhagy igk I. alak II. alak III. alak burn brn burnt brnt burnt brnt Gyakorlat He killed seven people. Ht embert lt meg. This man has drowned his dog. Ez az ember vzbefolytotta a kutyjt. Don t wreck my car! Ne rongld meg az autmat. Wood burns easily. A fa knnyen (jl) g. Szenved szerkezetben az j igknek ms a jelentse: to be killed tu b kild lett veszteni (balesetben), elesni (hborban to be drowned tu b draund vzbe fulladni to be wrecked tu b rekt sszetrni, megrongldni, hajtrst szenvedni to be burnt down tu b brnt daun legni - 268 -

to be blown down tu b bloun daun lednteni, kidnteni to be blown out tu b bloun out elfjni Gyakorlat Fifty-two people were killed in this accident. Ebben a balesetben tvenkt ember ves ztette az lett. You will be drowned if they don t teach you Vzbe fulladsz, ha nem tantanak meg szni. to swim. The plane was wrecked in a The fire will be blown out Many trees were blown down The car was burnt down. Az Egsztsd ki A hurrikn mjus 23-ikn ronglta meg a The hurricane wrecked the hotel on 23rd May. szllodt. A vzbe fulladhatsz, ha holnap szol. You can drown if you swim tomorrow. Egy gyerek vesztette lett a mlt hten. A child was killed in the accident. A hzunk legett a mlt hten. Our house was burnt down last week. A fk ledltek a viharos szlben. The trees were blown down in the gale. Tbb mint szz ember fulladt a vzbe, amikor More than a hundred people were drowned a haj hajtrst szenvedett. when the ship was wrecked. Emberek msokat lnek meg nap mint nap. People kill other people every day. Fval fteaz tlen? Do you burn wood in the winter? A tzet elfjtk. The fire has been blown out. j szavak (mellknevek) sleepy szlpi lmos, almost quiet kovjt csendes, nyugodt, bks unpleasant npleznt kellemetlen noisy nojzi zajos, lrms, hangos dirty drti piszkos, koszos, szennyes modern modrn korszer, modern, mai - 269 hurricane. A relgp megrongldott a hurrikanban. in a minute. A tzet elfjjk egy perc alatt. yesterday. Tegnap sok ft kidntttek. aut legett.

Gyakorlat I feel sleepy this morning. Our street is very quiet. Ningtmares are unpleasant. These children were very noisy. We must clean the car because it is dirty. This is a modern factory. Egsztsd ki A gyermekeink nagyon lmosak. Hangos szomszdaink voltak. Nzz a koszos kazeidre! Egy csendes vrosban akarok lni. A legjabb tps autk drgk. Mg sose tallkoztam kellemetlenebb emberrel! Forstsd angolra a szavakat csendeskoszoslrmskorszerlmos kellemetlen Ma reggel lmosnak rzem magam. A mi utcnk nagyon csendes. A lidrcnyomsok kellemetlenek. Ezek a gyerekek nagyon lrmsak voltak. Meg kell tiszttanunk az autt, mert koszos. Ez egy korszer zem. Our children are very sleepy. We had noisy neighbours. Look at your dirty hands! I want to live in a quiet town. Modern cars are expensive. I have never met a more unpleasant man! quiet dirty noisy modern sleepy unpleasant A kvetkez fnevek mindig tbbes szm alakban jelennek meg: trousers trauzrz nadrg spectacles szpektklz szemveg scissors szizrz oll binoculars binokjulrz tvcs glasses glsziz szemveg

Ezen trgyak mennyisgnek pontos meghatrozsra a pair of [per ov ] szkapcsolatot hasznljuk. - 270 -

egy pr

Gyakorlat I want to buy a pair of trousers. Egy nadrgot akarok vsrolni. Where are my binoculars? I don t see them. Hol van a tvcsvem? Nem ltom. We have sold ten pairs of spectacles today. Ma tz szemveget adtunk el. She cannot find her glasses. Nem tallja a szemvegt. I must buy three pairs of scissors. Hrom ollt kell vennem. j igk to to to to to to get tu get kapni, eljutni valahov, vlni valamilyenn wake up tu ovjk p felbredni snore tu sznr horkolni dream tu drm lmod(oz)ni, brndozni shave tu sjv borotvlkozni, (meg)borotvlni undress tu ndresz levetkzni

Rendhagy igk I. alak II. alak III. alak get get got got got got wake ovjk woke ovouk woken ovoukn dream drm dreamt dremt dreamt dremt Gyakorlat I always get sleepy late at night. Ks jjel mindig ellmosodom. Undress and go to bed. Vetkzz le s menj aludni! We woke up at seven. Htkor bredtnk fel. Have you ever dreamt about a big house? lmodtl valaha egy nagy hzrl? Do you always snore when you sleep? Mindig horkolsz, amikor alszol? Have you shaved yet? Megborotvlkoztl mr? Egsztsd ki Kds lesz az id. It is getting foggy. A gyerekek mr levetkztek. The children have already undressed. Egy j autrl lmodtam. I have dreamt about a new car. Holnap korbban kell borotvlkoznod. You must shave earlier tomorrow. - 271 -

Horkolsz ltalban? Do you usually snore? Hat eltt bredtek fe. They woke up before six. Fordtsd a szavakat angolra horkolni to snore levetkzni to undress szerezni to get borotvlkozni to shave lmodni to dream felbredni to wake up A 19. Lecke ismtlse, fordtsd angolra Mjus 25-n ers szlvihar volt. There was a strong gale on 25th May. A mennydrgsek mindig veszlyesek. Thunderstroms are always dangerous. Ebben a hurriknban hat ember veszette Six people were killed in this hurricane. lett. Ha stt lesz, nem talljuk meg ezt a hzat. If it gets dark we won t find this house. Ezt az bresztrt ebben a boltban vettk. This alarm clock was bought in this shop. Szereted a vltozkony idjrst? Do you like changeable weather? A nadrgod a ruhsszekrnyben van. Your trousers are in the wardrobe. A haj sr kdben szenvedett hajtrst. The ship was wrecked in a dense fog. A lnyuk tavaly fulladt vzbe. Their daughter drowned last year. Ezen a hten sok zpor volt. There have been many showers this week. Nem fogod megvenni ezt a knyvet, ha You won t buy this book if you spend all the minden pnzt ruhra kltesz. money on clothes. Az a huszadik polcon van. It is on the twentieth shelf. Az tel megfagyott. The food is frozen. A gyerekek mg nem bredtek fel. The children have not woken up yet. Kiejtsi gyakorlat au r e j shower burn wreck fire drown dirty get ice brown third dense nice down bird set find - 272 -

20. Lecke 20. Lecke j szavak

Els rsz

zebra-crossing zebr kroszin(g) gyalogtkelhely, zebra traffic lights trefik ljtsz forgalmi jelzlmpa pedestrian pidesztrin gyalogos right of way rjt ov ovj (thaladsi) elsbbsg time-table tjm tjbl menetrend, napi idbeoszts cab keb taxi destination desztinjsn rendeltetsi hely underground ndrgraund fldalatti, metr witness ovitnesz tan, szemtan ambulance embjulnsz megnaut, mentszolglat onlookers onlukrz nzk, bmszkodk Ms sorrendben destination desztinjsn rendeltetsi hely pedestrian pidesztrin gyalogos witness ovitnesz tan, szemtan zebra-crossing zebr kroszin(g) gyalogtkelhely, zebra underground ndrgraund fldalatti, metr time-table tjm tjbl menetrend, napi idbeoszts traffic lights trefik ljtsz forgalmi jelzlmpa onlookers onlukrz nzk, bmszkodk ambulance embjulnsz megnaut, mentszolglat cab keb taxi right of way rjt ov ovj (thaladsi) elsbbsg There were many witnesses of that accident. Annak a balesetnek sok szemtanja volt . One boy was taken to hospital in an Egy fit mentvel kohzba szlltottak. ambulance. The onlookers wanted to see everything. A nzk mindent ltni akartak. - 273 -

Even a zebra-crossing can be dangerous. Mg a gyalotkelhely is veszlyes lehet. Are there any traffic lights in this street? Van egyltaln forgalmi jelzlmpa ebben az utcban? Where are these pedestrians going? Hov mennek ezek a gyalogosok? The car on the right has the right of way. A jobboldali autnak van thaladsi elsbbsge. Where can I find the time-table? Hol tallom a menetrendet? I took a cab to get to the office. Egy taxit fogtam, hogy a hivatalba vigyen. The destination of this ship is new york. Ennek a hajnak New York a clllomsa. If we go by underground we will get there Ha fldalattival megynk, gyorsabban rnk faster. oda. Egsztsd ki Ez a menetrend rgi. This time-table is old. Ma nagyon sok gyalogos van az utckon. There are many pedestrians in the streets today. Tl sok volt a bmszkod. There were too many onlookers. Hny taxi van ebben a vrosban? How many cabs are there in this town? Tbb gyalogtkelhelyet kell ltestennk. We must make more zebra-crossings. A forgalmi jelzlmpk mr kt napja nem The traffic-lights have been out of order for mkdnek. two days. Ha nem jn a mentaut, autval fogunk If the ambulance doesn t come we will take elvinni tged. you by car. Gyakran utazom metrval. I often go by underground. Minden tan megrtette a krdseket. All witnesses understoond the questions. Hov utazol? (Mi a clllomsod?) What is your destination? A mienk az thaladsi elsbbsg? Do we have the right of way? Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt taxi cab nzk onlookers menetrend time-table fldalatti underground thaladsi elsbbsg right of way rendeltetsi hely destination zebra (gyalogostkelhely) zebra-crossing - 274 -

mentaut ambulance gyalogos pedestrian szemtan witness forgalmi jelzlmpa traffic-lights Az igk szenved szerkezet, folyamatos alakjt jelen s mlt idben (Present Continous,

Past Continous) a to be ige folyamatos alakjnak, mint seggnek a felhasznlsval kpezzk, s az ige folyamatos alakban lv tagja, a being [bin(g)], a fige III. alakja el kerl. Pl.: She is reading a book. They were building the house at ten yesterday. A book is being read. The house was being built at ten yesterday. Egy knyvet olvasnak. ( Egy knyv van olvasva. ) Tegnap tz rakor (mg) ptettk a hzat. Vltoztasd a cselekv szerkezet mondatokat szeved szerkezetre She is cleaning her room now. Her room is being cleaned now. They were changing the management The management was being changed yesterday at two. yesterday at two. They are negotiating raises at the moment. Raises are being negotiated at the mo ment. j szavak injured indzsrd megsebeslt, megsrlt unconscious nkonssz ntudatlan, eszmletlen mainly mjnli fleg, tbbnyire in vain in vjn hiba(val) serious szrisz komoly, fontos necessary nesziszri szksges, nlklnzhetetlen Gyakorlat They were injured in the accident. A balesetben srltek meg. Your brother is still unconscious. A fivred mg mindig eszmletlen. It was a ery serious book. Nagyon komoly knyv volt. We tried to help but it was in vain. Prbltunk segteni, de hibaval volt. John s sister works mainly at night. Jnos nvre tbbnyire jjel dolgozik. - 275 -

I think this information is necessary. Azt hiszem, ennek az ismerete szksges. /Azt gondolom, ez az informci fontos./ Egsztsd ki Megprblta megrteni (azt), de hiba. He tried to understand it but in vain. Fleg zldsgflket rustanak. They sell mainly vegetables. Itt egy gyalogtkelhely szksges. A zebra-crossing is necessary here. Egy htnl hosszabb ideig volt eszmletlen. He was unconscious for longer than. Az apm egy komoly krdst tett fel. My father asked a serious question. Ht gyalogos srlt meg. Seven pedestrians were injured. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt komoly, fontos serious fleg mainly srlt injured hiba in vain szksges necessary ntudatlan unconscious hibaval in vain nlklzhetetlen necessary A nulla (0) A nullnak tbb anol megfelelje is van: 1) 0 nulla, kiejtse [ou], akkor hasznljuk, amikor tbbszmjegyet sorolunk fel. Pl.: Her telephone number is nine, two, four, 0, A telefonszma kilenc, kett, ngy, nulla, ht. seven. 2) Nil [nil], a sporteredmnyek jelentsekor hasznljuk. Pl.: The result of the match is four nil. A mrkzs eredmnye ngy-nulla. 3) Zero [zirou], mrtkegysgek jelentsekor hasznljuk. Pl.: It is sic degrees bellow zero. Fagypont alatt hat fok van. - 276 -

4) Nought (vagy naught) [nt], rendszerint a matematikban s az irodalomban hasznljk. Pl.: Two minus two is nought. Kett mnusz kett sz nulla. All her work was for nought. Az sszes munkja semmitr volt. Az Egyeslt llamokban a zero-t hasznljk gyakrabban, mg Nagy Brittaniban a nought-ot. Az elbbi pldk j szavai: number nmbr szm result rizlt eredmny minus mjnsz mnusz below bilou alul, lent, alatt, al degree digr fok, fokozat, mrtk Egsztsd ki Alattunk laknak. They live below us. Ott van , lent. It s there, below. Van egy doktori fokozata. He has a doctor s degree. Csak bizonyos fokig szeretem (azt). I like it only to some degree. Mi volta a trgyalsok eredmnye? What was the result of the negotiations? Mi a laksod szma? What is the number of you apartment? Ma a hmrsklet mnusz t fok. The temperature is minus five today. j igk to to to to to to prevent tu privent megakadlyozni, meghistani run over tu rn ouvr elgzolni (valakit) hit tu hit megtni, eltallni, eltni direct tu djrekt irnytani cause tu kz okozni, elidzni travel tu trevl utazni

- 277 -

Rendhagy igk I. alak II. alak III. alak run rn ran ren run rn hit hit hit hit hit hit Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet When we were travelling to Madrid we saw a terrible accident. Was anybody killed? Yes, but wait a moment. A big car hit a building. Were there any pedestrains in the street? Yes, the car ran over three people. Two of them were killed and one woman was injured. Were there any policemen there? There was one policeman. He directed the traffic but could not prevent the accid ent. Do you know what caused the accident? I think the car was out of order. A prbeszdben megjelent a could [kud] sz. Ez a can mdbeli segdige mlt idej alakja. Fordtsuk le a fenti prbeszdet mondatonknt When we were travelling to Madrid we saw a terrible accident. Was anybody killed? Yes, but wait a moment. A big car hit a building. Were there any pedestrians in the street? Yes, the car ran over three pople. Two of them were killed and one woman was seriously injured. Were there any policemen there? There was one policeman. He directed the traffic but could not prevent the accident.

Amikor Madrid fel utaztunk, egy borzasz balesetet lttunk. Valaki az lett vesztette? Igen, de vrj egy percet. Egy nagy aut nekiment egy hznak. Voltak gyalogosok az utcn? Igen, az aut hrom embert gzolt el. Kzlk kett lett vesztette, s egy n slyosan megsrlt. Volt ott rendr? Egy rendr volt. irnytotta a forgalmat, de a balesetet nem tudta megakadlyozni. Do you know what caused the accident? Tudod, mi okozta a balasetet? - 278 -

I think the car was out of order. Azt hiszem, az aut elromlott. Vlaszolj a kvetkez krdsekre angolul When did you see that terrigle accident? What did the big car hit? How many people did the car run over? Who was killed? Were there any policemen there? What did he do? What coused the accident? We say that terrible accident when we were travelling to Madrid. The big car hit a building. The car ran over three people. Two of the three people were killed. Yes, there was one policeman. He directed the traffic. The car was out of order. A who krd nvms hasznlata Ennek a nvmsnak tobb jelentse is van. ezek: ki, kicsoda, kik, akik, kit, akit. Ha a who jelentse ki, csak szemlre krdez s fnvknt hasznlhat. Ilyenkor a mondat egyenes szrendben van, llt szerkezet, s az ige egyes szm 3. szemlyben ll. Pl.: Who likes you? Ki szeret tged? Who went home? Ki ment haza? Abban az esetben, ha a who krd nvms a tbbi jelentse brmelyikben jelenik meg, a krdseket a segdigk, a to be ige megfelel alakja, vagy a mdbeli segdigk felhasznlsval kpezzk. Pl.: Who were these people? Kik voltak ezek az emberek? Who did you meet? Kivel tallkoztl? Fordtsd angolra Ki vesztette lett ebben a balesetben? Who was killed in this accident? Kit ltsz az utcn minden nap? Who do you see in the street every day? Ki ez a barna kabtos ember? Who is this man in a brown coat? Ki rja ezeket a gynyr leveleket? Who writes these beautiful letters? Kit keresel most? Who are you looking for now? - 279 -

Ha a cselekvs szerepljt meg akarjuk mutatni a szenved szerkezet mondatban, akkor a by elljrszt hasznljuk. Pl.: Peter made this chair. This chair was made by Peter. Ezt a szket Pter ksztette. The trade-union is negotiating Raises are being negotiated A fizetsemelseket a raises. by the trade-union. szakszervezetek trgyaljk. Fordtsd angolra A rdit ppen most kapcsolta be Jnos. The radio has just been turned on by John. Ezeket az autkat egy chicago-ban lv gyr These cars are made by a factory in Chicago. ksztette. Kt ember lte meg t. He was killed by two men. Hangos gyerekek bresztettek fl. I was woken up by noisy children. Ha az ige kt tagbl ll, pl.: wait for, look for, a szenved szerkezetben az elljrsznak meg kell jelennie. Pl.: I looked for it yesterday. It was looked for yesterday. Fordtsd angolra Ezek a szemtank lttk a balesetet legjobban. These witnesses saw the accident best. Fagypont alatt t fok volt. It was five degrees below zero. Kit gzolt el egy taxi? Who was run over by a cab? A telefonszmom egy, kilenc, nulla, t, kett, My number is one, nine, 0, five, two, 0 . nulla. Az vk volt az thaladsi elsbbsg? Did they have the right of way? Ezek az emberek akartak segteni, de hiba. These people tried to help but in vain. Tbbnyire fldalattival utazik. (fi) He travels mainly by underground. I rta ezt a menetrendet? Who wrote this time-table? Slyosan megsrlt? (fi) Is he seriously injured? Negyven mnusz negyven az nulla. Forty minus forty is zero/nought. A forgalmat most ppen egy rendr irnytja. The traffic is being directed by a policema n now. Kit szeretsz? Who do you like? - 280 -

20 Lecke

Msodik rsz

Olvasd el a prbeszdet Mary: Peter, have you ever been in an accident? Peter: No, I haven t, but my brother was yesterday afternoon. Mary: How did it happen? Peter: My brother was on a zebra-crossing at the traffic-lights and a cab was co ming from the right. Mary: And what happened? Peter: The cab didn t stop in time and my brother was hit by it. Mary: Was your brother injured? Peter: Yes, he was, but fortunately not seriously. Mary: I am glad he wasn t seriously injured. Were there any witnesses who saw the accident? Peter: There were many onlookers, and the witnesses say my brother did not cause the accident. Barbara: Have you heard the news that yesterday a pedestrian was hit by a car at the traffic-lights? John: No, I haven t, but some pedestrians think they always have the right of way. Barbara: But everybody knows that it is not true. John: Yes, everybody knows it only the pedestrians don t. we all must try to prevent accidents. Barbara: You are so right. Policemen cannot do everything. John: I think it is better when there are also traffic-lights. Marty: Peter, do you travel mainly by underground to your office? Peter: Yes, I do you travel by underground fast and easily.

Mary: Yes, but it has become very expensive. Do you have a time-table? Peter: There are so many underground trains that you don t need a time-table. And a modern underground is not noisy or dirty. Barbara: I feel so tired after a hard day of work. John: People are tired when they get home from factories and offices. Barbara: And they do nothing only go to bed early because they are sleepy. John: When it is too noisy outside they wake up. Barbara: I usually wake up even when it s ounly a little noisy. John: But when you have a nightmare you are glad when you hear the alarm clock. - 281 -

Fordtsd angolra Ez mr a negyedik szlvihar tizenegy nap alatt. t ember vesztette az lett abban a katasztrfban. Sok haj trt ssze. A tzet egy ers szl fta el. Egy j szemvegre van szksge. (fi) Ezek az ollk veszlyesek a gyerekekre. Ebben a vltozkony idjrsban nem feledkezem meg az ermrl. A hzunk legett a mlt hten. Ezek a zporok jt tezsnek a kertnknek. Hat nadrgot vsroltak. Azon a kemny tlen sokszor volt sr kd. A jg mr elolvadt. Ez a tvcs mr reg; egyy jra van szksgem. Tz pr cipt adtnk el. Ez az gytakar szimpla gyra val. Az a ruhsszekrny fbl kszlt? A szemveged a prndon van. Hangosan horkolt. (fi) Mennyibe kerlnek ezek az bresztrk? A napos id utn mennydrgs volt. Meggettem a kezemet. Sok ember veszti az lett ezen a keskeny ton. Eszmletlen volt, amikor a korhzba szlltottk. (lny) Ez a kilencedik napon trtnt. A hmrsklet fagypont al esik (majd). Senki nem szeretei ezt a flleszt hsget. This is already the fourth gale in eleven days. Five people were killed in that disaster. Many ships were wrecked. The fire was blown out by a strong wind. He needs a new pair of glasses. These scissors are dangerous for children.

In this changeable weather I don t forget my umbrella. Our house burnt down last week. These showers are good for our garden. They bought six pairs of trousers. In that severe winter there was a lot of dense fog. The ice has already melted. These binoculars are old; I need a new pair. We sold ten pairs of shoes. This is a bedspread for a single bed. Is that wardrobe made of wood? Your spectacles are on your pillow. He was snoring noisily. How much are these alarm clocks? After the sunny spells there was a thunderstorm. I have burnt my hand. Many people are killed on this narrow road. She was unconscious when she was taken to hospital. This happened on the ninth day. The temperature will drop below zero. Nobody likes this oppressive heat. - 282 -

Ez az t veszlyesen csszs. This road is dangerously slippery. Ha szksged van erre a pnzre, a polcon If you need this money you will find it on th es megtallod. shelf. Ez a baleset jnius 27-ikn trtnt. This accident happened on 27th June. A vsrlt ppen most szolglja ki egy elad. The customer is just being served by a shopass istant. Ki jelentkezett erre az llsra? Who applied for this job? Kire van szksged? Who do you need? Megelztk a balesetet? Have they prevented the accident? Kiejtsi gyakorlat j i vain cause degree zero train nought least serious mainly brought leave spring rain thought deep build - 283 -

21. Lecke 21: Lecke Els rsz j szavak situation szitujsn helyzet, llapot scene szn sznhely, ltvny, jelelnet film film film difference difrnsz klnbsg, klnbzet disease dizz betegsg, kr gesture dzseszcsr gesztus person prszn szemly, ember invention invensn tallmny, invenci play plj jtk, szndarab task tszk feladat struggle strgl kzdelem, harc spy szpj km invention invensn tallmny, invenci film film film spy szpj km situation szitujsn helyzet, llapot disease dizz betegsg, kr struggle strgl kzdelem, harc gesture dzseszcsr gesztus scene szn sznhely, ltvny, jelelnet person prszn szemly, ember task tszk feladat difference difrnsz klnbsg, klnbzet play plj jtk, szndarab - 284 -

Gyakorlat We are in a difficult situation. Nehz helyzetben vagyunk. It was a beautiful scene. Gynyr ltvny volt. Have you seen that filmM Lttad (mr) azt a filmet? It is a dangerous disease. Ez veszlyes betegsg. Do you see the difference? Ltod a klnbsget? This is a nice gesture. Ez egy kedves gesztus. Who are these persons? Kik ezek a szemlyek? Is television a useful invention? Hasznos tallmny a televizi? Who has written this play? Ki rta ezt a szndarabot? It is a hard task. Ez kemny feladat. Was it a long struggle? Hossz kzdelem volt? There are spies in this country. Kmek vannak ebben az orszgban. Egsztsd ki A klnbsgek nem jelentsek. The differences are not important. Ez a szndarab nagyon rvid. This play is very short. Ismeri a helyzetket? Does he know their situation? Csendesen tedd a dolgod! Do your tasks quietly. Ez a film utols jelenete. This is the last scene of the film. Nem ismerem ezt a krt. I don t know that disease. Nincs semmi hr a kzdelemrl. There is no news of the struggle. Lttuk, amikor ezek a szemlyek We saw the arrival of these persons. megrkeztek. Klns gesztus volt. It was a strange gesture. Ismersz kmeket? Do you know any spies? Ez a tallmny tl kltsges. This invention is too expensive. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt kzdelem struggle szemly person jelenet scene km spy tallmny invention gesztus gesture - 285 -

film film szndarab play feladat task klnbsg difference helyzet situation betegsg disease Ha az ige to nlkli alakjhoz ing kpzt illesztnk, akkor jelen idej mellknvi igenevet

kapunk, amelyet mellknvknt hasznlunk a mondatokban. Pl.: This job is exhausting. The difference is striking. The work is tiring. His gesture was inviting. This disease is catching. This news is surprising. Ez a munka kimert. A klnbsg feltn. A munka fraszt. A gesztusa csbt (hvogat) volt. Ez a kr raglyos. Ez a hr meglep. j igk a fenti pldkbl to invite to surprise to tire to strike to exhaust tu invjttu szprjz tu tjrtu sztrjk tu igzszt meghvni meglepni, meghkkenteni. elfradni, kifradni (meg)tni, odavgni kimerteni, kifrasztani Renhagy igk strike sztrjk struck sztrk sztruck sztrk Gyakorlat Long work always tires me. I like to surprise my father. We have already invited Peter. They will exhaust their savings The clock is just striking seven. soon. A hossz munka mindig kifraszt. Szeretem meglepni az apmat. Mr meghvtuk Pter. Hamarosan kimertik a megtakartsaikat. Az ra ppen most ti a hetet. - 286 -

Egsztsd ki Kit akarsz meghvni? Who do you want to invite? Ez a ferz betegsg veszlyes. This catching disease is dangerous. Nagyon megleptl engem. You have suprised me very much. Nagyon fraszt nap volt. It was a very tiring day. Fraszt tge dez a knyv? Does this book tire you? A krdse meglep volt. His question was suprising. A legujabb filmje nagy hatssal volt rm. His newest film struck me. A meghvlevele nagyon kedves volt. Her inviting letter was very nice. Mr felhasznltuk az sszes pnznket. We have already exhausted all our money. Feltn ez a klnbsg? Is this difference striking? Ez a hossz sta fraszt volt. This long walk was exhausting. Az if ktsz ms ktszavakkal helyettesthet: when oven amikor as soon as ez szn ez amint, mihelyt after ftr utn, azutn, miutn before bifr eltt, mieltt Ha az elzekben felsorolt ktszk brmelyikt hasznljuk, a velk kezdd tagmondatot idhatrozi mellkmondatnak hvjuk. A feltteles mondat els tpusa s az idhatrozi mellkmondat megegyezik. A felsorolt ktszavakkal bevezetett tagmondat egyszer jelen idben (Simple Present) van. Pl.: He will buy the car as soon as he gets the money. Megveszi az autt, amint megkapta apnzt. I will have dinner before I go to him. Megebdlelek, mieltt elmegyek hozz. When you are in the same situation you will understand me. Amikor azonos helyzetbe kerlsz, meg fogsz rteni engem. After you mop the floor you will peel Miutn felmostad a padlt, krumplit fogsz potatoes. hmozni. - 287 -

Fordtsd angolra Amikor esni kezd, hazavisszk a kutyt. When it starts to rain we will take the dog home. Amint elolvasod ezt a knyvet, mondani fogsz As soon as you read this book you wi ll tell me nekem valamit rla. something about it. Mieltt elmegynk, kikapcsoljuk majd a Before we leave we will turn off the radio. rdit. Kitakartom a hzat, miutn dolgoztam a I will clean the house aftre I work in the kertben. garden. j mellknevek alarming lrmin(g) riszt, aggaszt exciting ikszjtin(g) izgalmas, rdekfeszt moving mvin(g) meghat, megindt foreign forin idegen, klfldi useless jszilisz hasztalan, hasznavehetetlen remarkable rimrkbl figyelemremlt Gyakorlat I have heard some alarming news. Nhny riaszt hrt halottam. We saw an exciting match. Egy izgalmas mrkzst lttunk. His speech was moving. A beszde megindt volt. She is a foreign spy. egy klfldi km. This is a useless tool. Ez hasznlhatatlan szerszm. This is a remarkable story. Ez figyelemremlt trtnet. Egsztsd ki A film nagyon izgalmas volt. The film was very exciting. Egy figyelemremlt lmom volt. I had a remarkable dream. Nincs klfldi pnze. He has no foreign money. Ez a jelenet nagyon meghat. This scene is very moving. Szmomra ez a knyv hasznlhatatlan. This book is useless to me. A vrhat idjrs aggaszt. The weather forecast is alarming. - 288 -

Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt klfldi, idegen foreign hasztalaln, hasznlhatatlan useless megindt, meghat moving riaszt, aggaszt alarming figyelemremlt remarkable izgalmas exciting Mellknevek mellett az one hatrozatlan nvms hasznlata ktelez, s gyakran ll vele hatrozott nvel. Pl: I have two red chairs and a white one. Van kt piros szkem s egy fehr. They have two cars. He wants the big one. Kt autjuk van. a nagyot akarja. A one hatrozatlan nvms llhat tbbes szmban is Pl.: Have you ever seen cheaper ones? Lttl valalha is olcsbbakat? I like these black ones. Ezek a feketk tetszenek. Illeszd a mondatokba a one nvms megfelel alakjt

Sok rm van, de egy sem korszer. I have many clocks, but no modern ones. Elvesztette az rjt s sok pnzt fizetett egy He lost his watch and paid a lot of money for jrt. a new one. Klfldieket is rulsz? Do you also sell foreign ones? Szeretem a kutykat, de ez nem szp. I like dogs, but this isn t a nice one. Nincs sok folyiratom; ezeket a rgieket I haven t many magazines; I will send these fogom elkldeni. old ones. Tudom, hogy a szemveg drga. mennyit I know that glasses are expensive. How much fizettl ezrt az jrt? have you paid for these new ones? Az utols levele rvid volt. Her last letter was a short one. Ez egy olcs villa. This fork is cheap one. Ezek kzl a knyvek kzl csak az Of all these books I want to read only the izgalmasakat akarom elolvasni. exciting ones. - 289 -

j igk to disappoint tu diszpojnt kibrndtani, csaldst okozni to excite tu ikszjt felizgatni, izgalomba hozni to move tu mv (meg)mozdulni, mozogni, kltzkdni, meginditani (valakit) to alarm tu lrm (fel) riasztani, aggasztani to choose tu csz vlasztani, kivlogatni to hide tu hjd (el)takarni, (el)rejteni Rendhagy igk choose csz chose csouz chosen csouzn hide hjd hd hd hidden hidn Gyakrolat You have disappointed me. Csaldst okoztl nekem. The film excited them. A film izgalomba hozta ket. We have moved to Debrecen. Debrecenbe kltztnk. The cars alarmed the animals. Az autk felriasztottk az llatokat. What book have you chosen? Milyen knyvet vlasztotl? They chose the largest carpet. A legnagyobb sznyeget vlasztottk. Where have you hidden that? Hov rejtetted? Egsztsd ki Az emberek nem mozdultak. The men didn t move. Mi izgatott fel? What has excited you? Csaldst okozott a szleinek. She disappointed her parents. Mindent elrejtettek? Have they hidden everything? A legdrgbb knyvet vlasztottam. I chose the most expensive book. Az mindig megijesztett bennnket. It has always alarmed us. Els rsz ismtlse A helyzetnk nagyon nehz. Our situation is very difficult. Hogyan tetszett neked a szndarab? How did you like the play? - 290 -

ppen most kaptam nhny meglep hrt. Mieltt megnzzk ezt a filmet, elvgezzk a feladatunkat. Ez volt a legizgalmasabb mrkzs, amit valaha is lttam. Mikor akarsz kltzni? Valban azt hiszed, hogy ez haszontalan? Trtnt valami figyelemremlt? A legjabb knyve nagy hatssal volt rm. (fi) Van valami klnbsg e kztt a kt kr kztt? I have just got some surprising news. Before we see this film we ll do our task. It was the most exciting match I have ever seen. When do you want to move? Do you really think it is useless? Has anything remarkable happened? His newest book struck me. Is there any diffrence between these two diseases? - 291 -

21. Lecke Msodik rsz j szavak engine endzsin motor petrol petrl benzin, zemanyag litre ltr liter oil ojl olaj battery betri elem, akkumltor trouble trbl baj, gond lorry lori teheraut, tehergpkocsi tyre tjr gumiabroncs brake brjk fk mechanic mikenik szerel, mszersz indicator indikjtr muat, (irny)jelz, mszer breakdown van brjkdaun ven aut-ment Ms sorrendben trouble trbl baj, gond petrol petrl benzin, zemanyag engine endzsin motor breakdown van brjkdaun ven aut-ment litre ltr liter lorry lori teheraut, tehergpkocsi battery betri elem, akkumltor brake brjk fk mechanic mikenik szerel, mszersz indicator indikjtr muat, (irny)jelz, mszer tyre tjr gumiabroncs oil ojl olaj - 292 -

Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet Yesterday I had some trouble with my lory. It suddenly stopped and a breakdown v an took it to a mechanic. Did you have engine trouble or too little petrol? No, I didn t. the battery and the idicators didn t work. Did the mechanic help you? Yes, he did everything very fast. Did he also look at the brakes and tyres? Yes, they were all right. I bought two litres of oil and he changed it for me. Fordtsuk le a fenti mondatokat egyenknt Yesterday I had some trouble with my lorry. It suddenly stopped and a breakdown van took it to a mechanic. Did you have engine trouble or too little petrol? No, I didn t. The battery and the indicators didn t work. Did he mechanic help you? Yes, he did everything very fast. Did he also look at the brakes and the tyres? Yes, they were all right. I bought two litres of oil and he changed it for me. Egsztsd ki Tz litert, krem. Hol rulja ezeket a fkeket? Kt elhasznlt gumiabroncsod van. Nem tudom, mi a baj. Mennyibe kerl ez a motor? Egy aut-mentt vezet. Msfajta olajra van szksged. Tegnap volt egy kis gondom a teherautmmal. Hirtlen lellt s egy aut-ment vitte el a

szerelhz. A motorral volt a baj, vagy tl kevs volt az zemanyagod? Nem. Az akkumltor s a mszerek nem mkdtek. A szerel segtett neked? Igen, mindent nagyon gyorsan megcsinlt. Megnzte a fkeket s a gumikat is? Igen, rendben voltak. Vettem kt liter olajat, s azt is kicserlte nekm. Ten litres, please. Where do you sell these brakes? You have two worn out tyres. I don t know what the trouble is. How much is this engine? She drives a breakdown van. You need another kind of oil. - 293 -

Hol parkolhatunk ezekkel a teherautkkal? Where can we park these lorries? Ebben az orszgban drga az zemanyag. Petrol is expensive in thsi country. Ez az akkumltor nem mkdik. This battery is out of order. Van itt egy szerel, ki segt nekem? Is there a mechanic to help me? Hasznld az irnyjelzket! Use the indicators! Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt motor engine irnyjelz indicator baj, gond trouble akkumltor battery liter litre aut-ment breakdown van autgumi tyre fk brake olaj oil zemanyag petrol teheraut lorry szerel mechanic Ha kt fnv szonos tulajdonsgai kzl a kedvezbbet, az ersebbet akarjuk kifejezni, akkor a kedvezbb tulajdonsg the hatrozott nvelvel elltott kzpfok alakjt hasznljuk. Pl.: This is the cheaper of the two cars. A kt aut kzl ez az olcsbb. Is this the taller of the two buildings? A kt plet kzl ez a magasabb? Fokozatos gyarapodst, vagy cskkenst gy fejezhetnk ki, hogy a mellknv vagy a hatrozsz kt azonos kzpfok alakjt az and ktszval sszekapcsoljuk. Pl.: The car moved faster and faster. Az aut egyre gyorsabban halad. Petrol is becoming more and more Az zemanyag egyre kltsgesebb lesz. expensive. They talked less and less quietly. Egyre kevsb beszltek halkan. - 294 -

Fordtsd angolra Egyre A kt Egyre A kt gazdagabbak lesznek. fi kzl az idsebb. hangosabban beszlgettek. krds kzl ez a nehezebb.

j mellknevek spare szperleft left rear rir economical iknomikl reliable riljbl front frnt broken broukn Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet Can you see my new car? No, which one is yours? They are becoming richer and richer. He is the older of the two boys. They were talking loudlier and loudlier. This is the more difficult question of the two. tartalk, ptbal, bal oldali hts, vminek a hts rsze takarkos, gazdasgos megbzhat el(l)s, mells, elrsz trt, trtt This one. It is the most reliable car in Europe. Is it also economical? Oh, yes. And it doesn t use much petrol. Did they give you a spare tyre? Yes, they did. And they also gave me the front and rear lights. But look, the left indicator is broken. Oh yes! I didn t see that. Fordtsuk le a fenti mondatokat Can you see my new car? Ltod az j autmat? No, which one is yours? Nem, melyik a tied? This one. Ez. It is the most reliable car in Europe. Ez a legmegbzhatbb aut Eurpban. Is it also economical? Gazdasgos is? - 295 -

Oh yes. And it doesn t use much petrol. Did they give you a spare tyre? Yes, they did. And they also gave me the front and the rear light. But look, the left indicator is broken. Oh, yes! I didn t see that. Egsztsd ki Ide tudod adni a ptkerekedet? Az autk egyre megbzhatbbak lesznek. Minden tnyr trtt volt. Van valami a bal szemben. Melyik a leggazdasgosabb aut? A jobb hts gumi egyre rosszabb lesz. Az els vilgts rossz. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt bal tartalkgazdasgos, takarkos trtt hts megbzhatel(l)s igen. s nem fogyaszt sok zemanyagot. Adtak hozz ptkereket? Igen. s els s hts vilgtst is adtak. De nzd, a bal oldali irnyjelz trtt. Tnyleg! Nem vettem szre. Can you give me your spare tyre? Cars are becoming more and more reliable. All the plates were broken. There is somethnig in his left eye. What is the most economical car? The right rear tre is getting worse and worse. The front lights are out of order. left spare economical broken rear reliable front Bizonyos esetekben a to do segdigt mondatokban is felhasznljuk egy llts nyomatkostsra, megerstsre, a mondat figjnek hangslyozsra. Ezekben az

esetekben a segdige hangslyos lesz a mondatban. Pl.: Do come and visit me. Do sit down. Ugyan gyere s ltogass meg! lj le, ha mondom! I can tell you that he does work. Megmondhatom neked, hogy igenis dolgozik. Do listen to me! Tnyleg figyelj rm! - 296 -

Fordtsd angolra Ugyan ebdelj velnk! Do have dinner with us! valban olvasta ezt a knyvet. (fi) He did read thsi book. Tnyleg sokat tanult. (lny) She did learn a lot. Segts mr! Do help me! j igk to fill up tu fil p teletlteni, megtlteni, betlteni(llst) to check tu csek ellenrizni, tvizsglni to repair tu riper kijavtani, megjavtani to brake tu brjk fkezni to accelerate tu kszelrjt gyorsulni, gyorstani to overtake to ouvrtjk utolrni, megelzni Rendhagy ige overtake ouvrtjk overtook ouvrtuk overtaken ouvrtjkn Gyakorlat Will you fill it up, please? Lenne szves megtlteni (a tartlyt), krem? Have you checked the oil? Ellenrizte az olajat? They repaired the bus in a hurry. Sietve megjavtottk az autbuszt. Did you brake in time? Idben fkeztl? The car accelerated easily Az aut knnyen gyorsult. They overtook us near Debrecen. Debrecen kzelben megelztek bennnket. Egsztsd ki Az autt mindig ugyanaz a szerel javtja. The car is always repaired by the same mechanic. Ki tlttte meg? Who has filled it up? Megprblja megelzni t. He is tying to overtake her. Az irnyjelzket n ellenriztem. The indicators have been checked by me. Gynyren gyorsul. It accelerates beautifully. Fkeztl mr valaha is csszs ton? Have you ever braked on a slippery road? - 297 -

Add meg az igk angol megfeleljt megelzni to overtake ellenrizni to check gyorsulni to accelerate megjavtani tu repair megtlteni tu fill up fkezni tu brake A to do igt hasznljuk mg: 1. A mondatban mr megismert fige ismtlsnek elkerlsre a to be, to have igk s a mdbeli segdigk kivtelvel. Pl.: She works as hard as you do. Olyan kemnyen dolgozik, mint te (dolgozol). He writes as beautifully as his father did. Olyan gynyren r, mint az desapja (rt). 2. A mondatban korbban megismert figre utalhatunk vele. Pl.: I asked him to repair the car and he did so. We told them to leave quetly and they did so. She told him to wait but he didn t. Arra krtem, hogy javtsa meg az autt, s megtette. Azt mondtuk nekik, hogy csendben menjenek el, s gy tettek. Azt krte tle, hogy vrjon, de nem tette meg. Fordtsd angolra Olyan keveset vettem, mint (vett). olyan gyakran lmodik,mint te (lmodsz). (fi) Azt krte tlnk, hogy mondjunk el mindent s mi gy tettnk. Arra krem, hogy korn jjjn, s gy tett. I bought as little as he did. He dreams as often as you do. He asked us to say everything and we did so. I asked him to come early and he did so. Ismtls Ez a tallmny rdekes. Ez a feladat nehz. This invention is exciting. This task is a difficult one. A film nagy csalds volt szmomra. The film was very disappointing for me. - 298 -

Azt hiszem az a klfldi (dolog). I think it is the foreign one. Ez egyre frasztbb lesz. It is getting more and more tiring. Sok alma volt, de n a zldeket vlasztottam. There were many apples, but I have chose n the green ones. Arra krtem, hogy jjjn velem a sznhzba, I asked him to go to the play with me and he s azt tette. did so. halkabban mozog, mint te (mzogsz). (fi) He moves more quietly than you do. Ez a helyzet riaszt. This situation is an alarming one. A harca hasztalan volt. (fi) His struggle was a useless one. Az autmotorok egyre gazdasosabbak The engines are getting more and more economical. ugyanannyi autt elz meg, mint te. (lny) She overtakes as many cars as you do. Ez a szerel megbzhat. This machanic is a reliable one. Az els gumik kzl melyik az rgebb? Which is the older of the front tyres? Arra krtem, hogy vrja meg az aut-mentt, I asked him to wait for the breakdown van s gy tett. (fi) and he did so. Lecserlted az els gumikat, de mi lesz a You have changed the front tyres, but what htskkal? about the rear ones? Kiejtsi gyakorlat j e j hide where play alarm spy repair brake remarkable tyre there day task try pair say ask - 299 -

22. Lecke 22. Lecke Els rsz j szavak account kaunt szmla, elszmols, folyszmla cheque csek csekk instalment insztlmnt rszlet (fizets) loan loun klcsn rate of interest rjt ov intriszt kamatlb coin kojn rme, pnzdarab form frm rlap information informjsn tjkoztats, informci balance belnsz mrleg, egyenleg, egyensly withdrawal ovidzdrl visszavons, kivtel (pnz) deposit dipozit bett, lett Ms sorrendben withdrawal ovidzdrl visszavons, kivtel (pnz) coin kojn rme, pnzdarab loan loun klcsn account kaunt szmla, elszmols, folyszmla deposit dipozit bett, lett instalment insztlmnt rszlet (fizets) rate of interest rjt ov intriszt kamatlb information informjsn tjkoztats, informci cheque csek csekk form frm rlap balance belnsz mrleg, egyenleg, egyensly - 300 -

Gyakorlat I have an account in this reliable bank. Folyszmlm van ebben a megbzhat bankban. Do you want money or a cheque? Kszpnzt vagy csekket akar? You can pay in instalments. Rszletekben is fizethetsz. Can I get a loan here? Kaphatok itt klcsnt? The rate of interest is high. A kamatlb magas. Do you take coins? Elfogad pnzrmket? You need these forms. Szksged van ezekere az rlapokra. This is useful information. Ez hasznos tjkoztats. Is my balance high enough? Elg magas az egyenlegem? He made a withdrawal. Pnzt vett ki. She makes weekly deposits. Hetente tesz be bankbettjre. Egsztsd ki A kamatlb emelkedik. The rate of interest is rising. Mire val ez az rlap? What is this form for? Ma pnzt veszek ki. I will make a withdrawal today. Mita van folyszmld? How long have you had an account? Egy csekket adtam neki. I gave him a cheque. Ez az els bankbettem. This is my first deposit. Mi az egyenlegem? What is my balance? Tbb informcira van szksgnk. We need more information. Szksgnk van erre a klcsnre. We need this loan. Ez az utols rszlet. This is the last instalment. Be akarja vltani ezeket a pnzrmket. He wants to change these coins. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt rszlet(fizets) instalment rme, pnzrme coin egyenleg balance rlap form pnzbett deposit kamatlb rate of interest szmla, folyszmla account - 301 -

csekk cheque tjkoztats information klcsn loan Az angol nyelvben tbb olyan megszmllhatatlan fnv van, amelyek mellett az ige egyes szm 3. szemlyben ll. Ezek egy rszt egyes, ms rszt tbbes szmban fordthatjuk magyarra. Figyeld meg az albbi fneveket s jegyezd meg jelentsket: business biznisz zlet furniture frnicsr btor(zat), berendezs progress prougresz halads, elmenetel strength sztren(g)tsz er, erssg revenue revnj jvedelem, llami jvedk merchandise mrcsndjz ru property proprti tulajdon, vagyon information infrmjsn tjkoztats, informci money mni pnz news njz hr, jsg, tudsts Gyakorlat Business is good this year. Az zlet jl megy ebben az vben. The furniture was cheap. A btor olcs volt. Little progress was made. Kevs haladst rtek el. Her strength was exhausted. Az erejt kimertettk. The revenue is high enough. A jvedelem elg magas. This merchandise is ready. Ez a z ru ksz van. They lost all their property. Elvesztettk minden vagyonukat. Egsztsd ki j ez a btorzat? Is this furniture new? A jvedelem emelkedett. The revenue has risen. Nagy vagyona van? Has he much property? Elg ereje van erre a munkra? Has he enough strength for this work? - 302 -

Sok zletet ktnk velk. We do a lot of business with them. Nagy elrehalads trtnt? Has there been much progress? rengedmnnyel vettk az rut. They bought the merchandise at discount. j igk to cash tu kes kszpnzt adni/kapni, csekket bevltani to lend tu lend klcsnadni, klcsnzni to borrow tu borou klcsnvenni, klcskrni, klcsnzni to fill in tu fil in kitlteni, killtani (rlapot) to withdraw tu ovidzr kivonni, kivenni to deposit tu dipozit lettbe helyezni, (bankba)betenni (pnzt) to learn to lrn megtanulni, megtudni to call (to) tu kl hvni, (kiltani valakinek) Rendhagy igk I. alak II. alak III. alak lend lend lent lent lent lent withdraw ovidzdr withdrew ovidzdr withdrawn ovidzdrn learn lrn learnt lrnt learnt lrnt Gyakorlat She cashed the xheque. Kszpnzre vltotta be a csekket. He has lent us the money. Klcsnadta neknk a pnzt. We borrowed less last year. Kevesebbet klcsnztnk tavaly. Have you filled in the form? Kitlttted a krdvet? What did you learn yesterday? Mit tanultl tegnap? They withdrew all their money. Kivettk az asszes pnzket. How much have you deposited? Mennyit tettl be? We called the cat Blinky. Blinkynek hvtuk a macskt. Egsztsd ki Sokat akarsz beteni? Do you want to deposit much? Mg nem tlttted ki. You haven t filled it in yet. Sok pnzt krtnk klcsn tle. We have borrowed a lot of money from him. - 303 -

Megtanultad, hogyan kell azt megjavtani? Mit kiltott neked? Pnzkivtelhez ezt az rlapot hasznlja, krem. Bevltottad mr kszpnzre ezt a csekket? Mennyi klcsnztt neked? Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt kivonni, kivenni (pnzt) hvni kszpnzt kapni/adni kitlteni megtanulnilettbe helyezni klcsnzniklcsnvenni Have you learnt how to repair it? What did she call to you? Use this form to withdraw money, please. Have you cashed this cheque already? How much did he lend you? to to to to to to to to withdraw call cash fill in learn deposit lend borrow

Most az ige egy klnleges alakjval, mg pedig az igkbl kpzett fnvvel ismerkednk meg. Az ignek ezt a klnleges alakjt, amely a mondatban fnvhez hasonl szerepet jtszik, de azzal, hogy az alapighez hasonl esetet s elljrt vonz, megrzi igei termsze is, az angolban gerund nak [dzsernd] nevezzk. Pl.: Smoking is bad for you. A dohnyzs kros (nnek). Is flying dangerous? Veszlyes a repls? Before leaving he wrote a short letter. Elmenetele eltt rt egy rvid levelet. You can learn something by doing it. Meg lehet tanulni valamit gyakorls tjn is. Figyeld meg, hogy ezt az igealakot magyarra -s, -s vg fnvvel, fnvi igenvvel, esetleg mellkmondattal fordthatjuk. Mint minden fnv, gy a gerund is lehet a mondatnak: 1. Alanya: Pl.: Walking in the wood is nice. Az erdben stlni kellemes. Eating too much is not good for you. A tl sok evs nem tesz jt (neked). - 304 -

2. elljrsznak alanya/trgya: Pl.: They talked about going to the cinema. What do you think about buying a dog? Arrl beszlgettek, hogy moziba mennek. Mi a vlemnyed arrl, hogy egy kutyt vegynk. Gyakorlat A TV nzs fraszt tud lenni. Nem szeretem a padl portrlst. Az llskeress kimert. Tz alkalmazott elbocsjtsn gondolkodunk. Watching TV can be tiring. I don t like dusting the floors. Applying for a job es exhausting. We are thinking about firing ten employees. j szavak preparedsafepresentsureprevious risky priperd szjf preznt surprvisz riszki elkszlt, felkszlt biztos, biztonsgos jelenlegi biztos, bizonyos elz, megelz kockzatos, veszlyes Gyakorlat We are prepared to pay in cash. Is it safe to deposit money with that bank? Kszek vagyunk kszpnzzel fizetni. Biztonsgos dolog pnzt betenni ebbe a bankba? What is the present rate of interest, Are you sure that your balalnce is high enough? When was your previous withdrawal? Lending them money is risky. Milyen a jelenlegi kamatlb? Biztos vagy abban, hogy elg magas az egyenleged? Mikor volt az elz kivted? Kockzatos dolog pnzt klcsnzni nekik. Egsztsd ki Biztos vagy benne, hogy itt folyszmld van? Are you sure you have an account here? Az elz bettem kissszeg volt. Ksz vagy csekket elfogadni? Ez a klcsn nagyon kockzatos. My previous deposit was small. Are you prepared to take a cheque? This loan is very risky. - 305 -

A csekkek biztonsgosabbak, mint a Cheques are safer than bills. bankjegyek. A jelenlegi egyenleg nagyon alacsony. The present balance is very low. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt biztos sure elkszlt, felkszlt prepared kockzatos risky jelenlegi present biztonsgos safe elz previous Ha egy fnv eltt egynl nagyobb szmnv ll, a fnv tbbes szmba kerl. Pl.: We waited for one and a half hours. They have lived here for three years. He is ten years old. Msfl (egy s egy fl) rt vrtunk. Hrom ve laknak itt. tz ves. Ha a fnv tbbes szm jelentsben jelenik meg, akkor tbbes szm alakot kell kapnia. Pl.: In that accident they lost their lives. We all drove our own cars. We all bought our own tickets. Abban a balesetben vesztettk letket. Mindannyian a sajt autnkat vezettk. Valamennyien megvettk a sajt jegynket. A gerund alakot hasznljuk a kvetkez esetekben: 1. Tbb ige utn csak gerund-ot hasznlunk: Pl.: They stopped working after a few hours. Nhny ra utn abbahagytk a munkt. Do you like swimming? Szeretsz szni? (Szereted az szst?) 2. A kvetkez szkapcsolatokkal: it is no use haszontalan, rtelmetlen it is worth megri rdemes It is no use talking to him. Nincs rtelme beszlni vele. The book is worth reading. A knyvet rdemes elolvasni. - 306 -

Gyakorlat Szeretnek kvt inni? Do they like drinking coffee? Ezt az autt rdemes megvenni. This car is worh buying. rtelmetlen dolog most elvenni azt. It s no use taking it now. ppen abbahagyta az irts. He has just stopped writing. Fordtsd angolra Miutn kitltttk az rlapokat megkaptuk a After filling in the forms we got the money. pnzt. Ez az informci megbzhat. This information is reliable. Felhvod a fivremet? Will you call my brother? Rszletekben is fizethetsz rte. You can pay for it in instalments. Szeretek vele zletelni. (fi) I like to do business with him. Mi valamennyien a sajt kerkprunkat We all used our own bicycles. hasznltuk. Biztos vagy benne, hogy kockzatos nekik Are you sure that lending them money is pnzt klcsnzni? risky? Bankbettet nyitni knny. Making a deposit is easy. Tudod mi a jelenlegi kamatlb. Do you know the present rate of interest? Megteheted, ha eladod a tulajdonodat. You can do it by selling your property. Nem szeretek klcsnkrni. I don t like borrowing. Hny ember vesztette az lett? How many people lost their lives? Tz vig volt itt folyszmlm. I have had an account here for ten years. Msfl hnappal ezeltt vltotta be a csekket He cashed the cheque one and a half months kszpnzre. ago. Kiejtsi gyakorlat e e cash lend trouble diseade bank cheque struggle previous balance left cut scene stamp twelve but seen lamp engine sun been - 307 -

22. Lecke Msodik rsz Olvasd el a prbeszdet Barbara: John, do you often have to go to the bank? John: I think so. Why do you ask that? Barbara: Because sometimes there are many people there. John: Yes, many people want to make a withdrawal or a deposit. Barbara: And you must fill in forms before you can do something. John: People try to write very fast because they have little time. Barbara: Bank people always want information, but that takes time, too. John: But when you do the necessary things you leave the bank in a hurry. Mary: Peter, don t you think that we still have time for a shopping? Peter: I don t know. The streets still are full of traffic and you cannot drive ve ry fast. Mary: And something is wrong with the car. It didn t accelerate well when I was driving home. Peter: And you don t know what the trouble is, so you have to ask a mechanic to ch eck everything. Mary: If the trouble is serious I have to call a breakdown van. Mary Peter, the mechanic just called and said that he had to put a new engine in our car, but is that true? Peter: I don t know. You know that some people are not reliable. They only want yo ur money. Mary: But we don t have enough money right now to pay for the engine. Peter: Then we have to borrow money , at a high rate of interest. Mary. Well, it is better not to worry too much. Fordtsd angolra A mlt jjel lttunk egy meghat szndarabot. We saw a moving play last night. Az utols jelenet nagyon emlkezetes volt. The last scene was a very remarkable one. Nhny tallmny hasznlhatatlan. Some inventions are useless. Nem minden film rdekes. Not all films are exciting. De n szeretem a jkat. But I like the good ones. Te tbb filmet nzel meg, mint n. You watch more films than I do. Arra krtem a szerelt, hgoy ellenrize a I asked the mechanic to check the engine and

motort, s gy is tett. he did so. Knnyeb lehagyhatnm. (fi). I could overtake him easily. - 308 -

A klfldi autk egyre olcsbbak. A kt fi kzl az idsebbet krdezi, hogy hol van a bank. (fi) Nem tudta megadni a helyes tjkoztatst. (fi) Sietsen metltttk az autmat. Ez nagyon gazdasgos motor. Foreign cars are getting cheaper and cheaper. He is asking the older of the two boys where the bank is. He could not give the right information. They filled up my car in a hurry. It is a very economical engine. Biztos vagy abban, hogy az akkumltor rossz? Are you sure the battery is out of or eder? A nem tl hirtelen gyorsts biztonsgosabb. A hts ablakon keresztl lttam egy rendrt. Mieltt megjavtotta a fket, ellenrizte az irnyjelzket. (fi) Gumit cserlni nem nehz. Klfldi autt vlasztott. (fi) Egy kevs olajat klcsnztnk nekik. Hajland vagy egy kmnek segteni? Mg mindig riaszt a helyzet? Meg tudod ezt csinlni mieltt bevltod a csekket kszpnzre? A teherautknak nagyon j fkkel kell rendelkeznik. Megtehetik ezt (enlkl) az sszes hadonszs nlkl. Ltod mi a klnbsg? Elrejtzni hibaval. Megri egy j akkumltort vsrolni? Egyre kockzatosabb vlt. Azt krtem tle, hogy vltsa ki, s gy tett. (lny)

Venni akartunk egy autt s a gazdasgosat vlasztottuk. A kett kzl az olcsbb a megbzhatbb. Ugyan, az olajat is ellenrizze! Ez az utols rszlet, de mikor voltak az elzek? It is safer not to acceelrate too fast. I saw a policeman through the rear window. Before reparing the brake he checked the indicators. Changing a tyre is not difficult. He has chosen a foreign car. We have lent them some oil. Are you perepaed to help a spy? Is the situation still alarming? Can you do this before cashing the cheque? Lorries must have very good brakes. They can do it without making all these gestures. Can you see what the difference is? It s no use hiding. Is it worth buying a new battery? It was getting riskier and riskier. I asked her to withdraw it and she did so. We wanted to buy a car and we chose the economical one. The cheaper of the two is the more reliable one. Do check the oil! This is the last instalment, but when were the previous ones? - 309 -

Fontos, hgoy legyen ptkereknk. It is important to have a spare tyre. Vlasztanunk kell akztt, hogy kivegynk We must choose between withdrawing money vagy klcsnkrjnk pnzt. and borrowing it Eladhatod a klfldi tulajdonod. You can sell your foreign property. A mlt hten abbahagyta a dohnyzst. (lny) She gave up smoking last week. Ngy ember vesztette lett. Four people lost their lives. - 310 -

23. Lecke 23. Lecke Els rsz j szavak earth, Earth rtsz fld, a Fld continent kontinnt fldrsz, kontinens land lend szrazfld, fld(darab) valley veli vlgy mountain mauntin hegy region rdzsn tj vidk, rgi source szrsz forrs, eredet canal knel csatorna Europe jrp Eurpa lake ljk t ocean ousn cen sea sz tenger harbour hrbr kikt the Danube dz denjb a Duna foly river rivr foly, folyam Ms sorrendben valley veli vlgy source szrsz forrs, eredet earth, Earth rtsz fld, a Fld canal knel csatorna Europe jrp Eurpa continent kontinnt fldrsz, kontinens lake ljk t ocean ousn cen sea sz tenger land lend szrazfld, fld(darab) harbour hrbr kikt mountain mauntin hegy - 311 -

region rdzsn tj vidk, rgi the Danube dz denjb a Duna foly river rivr foly, folyam Gyakorlat There are seven continents on the Earth. A Fldn ht kontinens van. I was happy when I saw the land. Boldog voltam, amikor meglttam a szrazfldet. Our town is in a valley. A vrosunk egy vlgyben van. Are there many mountains in Europe? Sok hegy van Eurpban? What is the name of this region? Mi ennek a vidknek a neve? We want to find the surce of the Danube. Meg akarjuk tallni a Duna forrst. How wide is this canal? Milyen szles ez a csatorna? We live next to a beautiful lake. Egy gynyr t mellett laktunk. What oceans do you know? Milyen cenokat ismersz? I have never seen the sea. Mg sohasem lttam a tengert. Has Csepel a harbour? Van csepelnek kiktje? This is a very narrow river. Ez nagyon keskeny foly. A folyk nevei eltt a Egsztsd ki Az cenok nagyon nagyok. Ez az informci j forrsbl val. Vannak modern kiktk Magyarorszgon? Ez az llat a szrazfldn l. Egy hetet tltttnk azon a vidken. Nagyon nagy a fld? Nagyon sok llatnak van szksge a tengerre az lethez. Csak nhny hegy van ebben az orszgban. Ez a csatorna nagyon keskeny. A Duna vlgye tavasszal gynyren nz ki. Oceans are very big. This information is from a good source. Has hungary modern harbours? This animal lives on the land. We spent a week in that region. Is the Earth very large? Many animals need the sea to live. There are few mountains in this country. This canal is very narrow. In spring the valley of the Danube looks beautiful. A mi fldrsznket Eurpnak nevezik. Our continent is called Europe. Autbusszal mentek a thoz. They went to the lake by bus. - 312 the hatrozott nvelt mindig kitesszk.

Ez a foly Angliban van? Is this river in England? Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt cen ocean hegy mountain a Duna the Danube forrs source foly river szrazfld land vlgy valley fld, a Fld earth, Earth fldrsz continent Eurpa Europe t lake tenger sea csatorna canal kikt harbour tj, vidk region Nhny olyan ige, amelyek utn a gerund hasznlata ktelez: to hate tu hjt gyllni, utlni to go on tu gou on folytat(d)ni, tovbbmenni to finish tu finis befejezni, bevgezni to prefer tu prifr valamit valaminl jobban szeretni, kedvelni to continue tu kntinj folytatni, folytatdni to give up tu giv p feladni (valamit) Egsztsd ki Jobban szeret vonattal menni. She prefers going by train. Tovbb beszlgettek. They went on talking. Gyllk korn felkelni. I hate getting up early. Folytattk az angol nyelv tanulst. They continued learning English. Befejezted a padl feltrlst? Have you finished mopping the floor? Most nem hagyhatom abba az neklst. I can t give up singing now. j szavak main mjn f-, legfbb, legfontosabb shallow selou sekly mountainous mauntinsz hegyes, hegyvidki deep dp mly - 313 -

vast vszt risi, hatalmas flat flet sk, sima, lapos Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet Where do you live? I live in a mountainous region. Do you live in teh mountains? No, in a valley. Is it deep? No, it is shallow, but very vast. And the source of the Danube is in my valley. Is the Danube the main river in Hungary? Yes, it is. And what about you? Where do you live? I live in a flat region in the east of Hungary. Fordtsuk le a fenti prbeszdet mondatonknt Where do you live? In live in a mountainous region. Do you live in the mountains? No, in a valley. Is it deep? No, it is shallow, but very vast. And the source of the Danube is in my valley. Is the Danube the main river of Hungary? Yes, it is. And what about you? Where do you live? I live in a flat region in the east of Hungary. Egsztsd ki Az cenok nem seklyek. Ezekben a hegyekben hatalmas vlgyek vannak. Mi sk vidken lakunk. Ez a fcsatorna. A kiktknek mlynek kell lennik. Hol laksz? Hegyes vidken lakom. Hegyek kztt laksz? Nem, egy vlgyben. Mly? Nem, sk, de hatalmas kiterjeds. s a duna forrsa is ott van (az n vlgyemben van.). A Duna Magyarorszg f folyja? Igen. s te?

Te hol laksz? Magyarorszg keleti rszben, sk vidken lakom. Oceans aren t shallow. There are vast valleys in these mountains. We live in a flat region. This is the main canal. Harbours must be deep. - 314 -

Magyarorszg hegyvidki orszg? Is Hungary a mountainous country. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt sekly shallow hatalmas vast sk, lapos flat f-, legfbb main hegyvidki mountainous mly deep A to have fige, jelentse birtokolni vmit, rendelkezni vmivel, helyettesthet a to hav e got szerkezettel. Pl.: She has got many books. Sok knyve van. Have you got anything for me? Van nlad valami a szmomra? He hasn t got a car. Nincs autja. Kt hzuk van. they have got two houses. Nincs kutyja she has got no dog. Van egy kis idd? Have you got any time? Mirt nincsenek fggnyeid? Why haven t you got any curtains? j igk to to to to to to to to lie tu lj fekdni, heverni teal tu sztl lopni, ellopni cost tu koszt kerlni valamibe mean tu mn valamit jelenteni, rteni valahogyan swim tu szovim szni throw tu tszrou dobni, hajtani throw out tu tszrou aut kidobni laugh at tu lf et nevetni valamitn

Rendhagy igk I. alak II. alak III. alak lie lj lay lj lain ljn steal sztl stole sztoul stolen sztouln cost koszt cost koszt cost koszt Mean mn meant ment meant ment swim szovim swam szovem swum szovm - 315 -

throw tszrou threw tszr thrown tszroun Gyakorlat The book lay on the floor. A knyv a padln fekszik. His car has been stolen. Elloptk az autjt. They threw out the old magazines. Kidobtk a rgi folyiratokat. It cost me nothing to get it. Nekem semmibe sem kerlt (azt) megszerezni. It has always meant the same. Mindig ugyanazt jelentette. They swam across teh canal. tsztk a csatornt. A to lie ige gerund alakja lying.

Egsztsd ki Mennyibe kerlt (az neked)? How much did it cost you? Ki kell dobnunk ezeket a dolgokat. We must throw out these things. Elloptk az sszes szerszmomat. They stole all my tools. Mirt hever az itt? Why is it lying here? Ez azt jelenti, hogy minden elveszett. This means that everything is lost. Gyakran sztl a tban? Did you often swim in the lake? Az asztalra dobta a kulcsokat. She therw the keys on the table. Add meg az igk 3 alakjt valamibe kerlni cost cost cost szni swim swam swum jelenteni, gondolni mean meant meant fekdni lie lay lain ellopni steal stole stolen dobni, hajtani throw threw thrown A kvetkez kifejezsek (szkapcsolatok) utn a gerund hasznlata ktelez: Do you mind du j mjnd Megengedn, hogy ; Lenne olyan szves, s I don t mind j dount mjnd Nem bnom ; Nekem mindegy - 316 -

I can t help j knt help Nem tudom megllni, hogy ; Knytelen vagyok There is no Dzer iz nou Nem lehet tudni, hogy This is like Dzisz iz ljk Ez olyan, mint It s no good Itsz nou gud rtelmetlen dolog ; Ningy rtelme, hogy Egsztsd ki Lennl szves vezeni az autt, Do you mind driving the car? Nem bnom, hogy megrom ezt a levelet. I don t mind writing this letter. Nem tudom megllni, hgoy nem vsroljak j I can t help buying new books. knyveket. Nem lehet megmondani, mit fog tenni. There is no saying what he will do. Ez olyan, mint a vizen jrs. This is like walking on the water. Nincs rtelme elmondani neki. It s no good telling him about it.

II. tpus feltteles mondat (II. Conditional) feltteles jelen A feltteles jelen idej mondatban a felttel teljeslse lehetsgesnek tnik, a kvetkezmny megvalsulsa azonban irrelis. A fmondat szerkezete would [ovud] + az ige I. alakja (fnv i igenv to szcska nlkl), mg az if ktszval bevezetett mellkmondat (if-es tagmondat) egyszer mlt idbe (Simple Past) kerl. Pl.: If I had time I would come to you. Ha lenne idm, elmennk hozzd. She would write a letter if she had a pen. rna levelet, ha lenne tolla. A would a will segdige ml idej (Simple Past) alakja. A II. tups feltteles mondatban a ltige egyetlen alakjt, a were alakot hasznljuk ( I we re, she were, he were, it were) Pl.: If I were you I would not refuse them. A helyedben nem utastanm vissza ket. - 317 -

Egsztsd ki Ha kevesebbe kerlne, megvennm (azt). Ha lenne r pnznk, tterembe jrnnk vacsorzni. A helyedben abbahagynm a dohnyzst. Fordtsd angolra Magyaroszg Eurpban van. Ez a legmagasabb hegy Amerikban. A tenger mellett akarsz lakni? Ez a legnagyobb fldrsz a vilgon. Angliban sok csatorna van. Ha gyllnm, nem ltogatnm meg. (fit) Folytatni akarom a tanulst. Amikor megvacsorzol, a thoz fogunk menni. Jobban szertek a folyban szni. A knyveid most a szobban az asztalon fekszenek. Hogy rted ezt? rtelmetlen dolog drga lelmiszereket vsrolni. Lennl szves megnzni ezt a darabot? A helyedben n nem beszlnk neki errl. (lnynak) Nem brom ki nevets nlkl. If it cost less I would buy it. If we had money we would have dinners at a restaurant. If I were you I would give up smoking. Hungary is in Europe. This is the highest mountain in America. Do you want to live near the sea? This is the largest land on Earth. There are a lot of canals in England. If I hated him I would not visit him. I want to continue learning. When you finish dinner we will go to the lake.

I prefer swiming in the river. Your books are lying on the table in the room now. What do you mean? It s no good buying expensive food. Do you mind watching this play? If I were you, I would not tell her about it. I cannot help laughing. - 318 -

23. Lecke Msodik rsz j szavak city sziti vros, belvros capital kepitl fvros inhabitant inhebitnt lak, lakos one-way street ovn ovj sztrt egyirny utca outskirts autszkrtsz klvros, elvros centre szentr kzpont slums szlmz szegnynegyed, nyomornegyed suburbs szbrbz klvros department store diprtmnt sztr ruhz town hall taun hl vroshza zoo z llatkert thoroughfare tszrfer ftvonal million millin milli noise nojz zaj Ms sorrendben suburbs szbrbz klvros town hall taun hl vroshza zoo z llatkert outskirts autszkrtsz klvros, elvros capital kepitl fvros centre szentr kzpont noise nojz zaj one-way street ovn ovj sztrt egyirny utca thoroughfare tszrfer ftvonal city sziti vros, belvros slums szlmz szegnynegyed, nyomornegyed million millin milli department store diprtmnt sztr ruhz inhabitant inhebitnt lak, lakos - 319 -

Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet Do you like living in London? It s a big city. Yes, there are nine illion ingabitants here. London is the capital of England. Is your house in the centre? Oh, no, I live in the suburbs. My house is in aquiet on-way street. I live in the outskirts of a small town. Do you like it? No, I don t. There are sloms near my street. And there is a thoroughfare next to m y house. There is always a lot of noise. Are there any department stores in your town? No, we have only small shops near the town hall. But we have a big and beautiful zoo. We can go to London zoo now. It s only three streets from here. Fordtsd le a fenti prbeszdet mondatonknt. Do you like living in London? It s a big city. Yes, there are nine illion ingabitants here. London is the capital of England. Is your house in the centre? Oh, no, I live in the suburbs. My house is in aquiet on-way street. I live in the outskirts of a small town. Do you like it? No, I don t. There are sloms near my street. And there is a thoroughfare next to my house. There is always a lot of noise. Szeretsz Londonban lni? Az egy nagy vros. Igen, kilenc milli lakos van itt. London Anglia fvrosa. A kzpontban van a hzad? nem. A klvrosban lakom. A hzam egy csndes egyirny utcban van. n egy kisvros elvrosban lakom. Szeretsz ott lakni? Nem. Nyomornegyedek vannak a kzelben. s egy ftvonal halad el a hzam mellett. Mindig nagy a zaj.

Are there any department stores in your town? A vrosotokban vannak ruhzak? No, we have only small shops near the town Nincsenek. Csak kis zletek vannak a hall. vroshza kzelben. But we have a big and beautiful zoo. De van egy nagy s gynr llatkertnk. We can go to London zoo now. Elmehetnk most a londoni llatkertbe. It s only three streets from here. Csak hrom utcnyira van innen. - 320 -

Egsztsd ki Sok egyirny utca van itt? Ennek a vrosnak ez a legfontosabb ftvonala. London nagy vros. Gyakran vsrolsz ebben az ruhzban? Rgi ez a vroshza? Magyarorszg fvrosa Budapest. A lakosok szeretnek nyron a hegyek kz menni. Ebben a vrosban nincs nyomornegyed. A klvrosban kevs hivatal van. A gyerekek szeretnek az llatkertbe menni. A vastlloms a vros kzpontjban van. Nem akarok az elvrosban lakni. Mi ez a zaj? Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt vroshza town hall elvros outskirts llatket zoo ftvonal thoroughfare kzpont centre szegnynegyed slums zaj noise Are there many one-way streets here? This is the main thoroughfare of this town. London is a large city. Do you often do shopping in this department store? Is this town hall old? The capital of Hungary is Budapes. The inhabitants like to go to the mountains in summer. There are no slums in this town. There are few offices in the suburbs. Children like going to the zoo. The railway station is in the centre of the city. I don t want to live in the outskirts. What is this noise? klvros suburbs belvros city fvros capital

lak, lakos inhabitant ruhz department store egyirny utca one-way street Ha a what krd nvmssal kezdd krd mondat az alanyra vonatkozik, gy a mondat egyenes szrend lesz. Pl.: What happened yesterday? What is behind this montain? What grows in your garden? Mi trtnt tegnap? Mi van emgtt a hegy mgtt? Mi terem a kertben? - 321 -

Ha azonban a what jelentse mi, mit, milyen, micsoda vagy az alanyesettl eltsr, ms esetekben jelenik meg, akkor a krd mondat fordtott szrendbe kerl. Pl.: What colour is the sea? Milyen szn a tenger? What mountains do you like? Milyen hegyek tetszenek neked? What did you see then? Mit lttl akkor? Mit rsz most? What are you writing now? Mit hagyott el? (fi) what did he leave? Mi l a holdon? What lives on the moon? Milyen autra gondol? (fi) what car does he mean? j szavak on foot on fut gyalog crowded kraudid tmtt, zsfolt deserted dizrtid elhagyott, kihalt, lakatlan impressive impresziv hatsos, mly benyomst kelt horrible horibl iszony, rettenetes Industrial indsztril ipari Gyakorlat I usually go to work on foot. Rendszerint gyalog megyek dolgozni. The streets are crowded all day. Az utck egsz nap zsfoltak. At night they are deserted. jszaka kihaltak. There are impressive buildings in the capital. A fvrosban nagyszer pletek vannak. The slums are horrible. A nyomornegyedek szrnyek. We live in an industrial town. Egy ipari vrosban lakunk. Egsztsd ki A vros utci gyakran elhagyatottak. The streets of the city are often deserted. Amikor az idjrs kellemes, mindig gyalog I always go on foot when the weather is nic e. megyek. Egy szrny balesetet ltott tegnap. He saw a horrible accident yesterday. Ez a vroshza ltvnyos. This town hall is impressive. Ez a tr mindig zsfolt. This square is always crowded. - 322 -

Az ipari vrosok nem valami szpek. Industrial towns are not beautiful. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt tmtt crowded iszony, rettenetes horrible ipari industrial elhagyatott, kihalt deserted hatsos impressive gyalog on foot A what nvms rzseket, rzelmeket, indulatokat kifejez felkilt mondatokban is hasznlatos: What a good film! What a beautiful building! What nice people What heat! Milyen j film! Milyen gynyr plet! Milyen kedves emperek! Micsoda hsg! Egyes szm megszmllhat fnevek eltt az a/an hatrozatlan nvelt kitesszk, de nem

hasznlunk nvelt a tbbes szm megszmllhat fnevek, s a megszmllhatatlan fnevek eltt. Fordtsd angolra Milyen szp nadrg! Milyen nehz krds! Micsoda idjrs! Milyen gyors aut! Milyen finom almk! What nice trousers! What a difficult question! What weather! What a fast car! What delicious apples! j igk to cross to depart to break to draw to forbid tu krosz to diprt tu brjk tu dr tu forbid tmenni, keresztlmenni, thaladni elutazni sszetrni, eltrni, megszaktani kihzni, rajzoni megtiltani, kitiltani - 323 -

to feed tu fd etetni, tpllni to reach tu rcs elrni, megrkezni vhov Rendhagy igk I. alak II. alak III. alak break brjk broke brouk broken broukn draw dr drew dr drawn drn feed fd fed fed fed fed forbid forbid forbade forbjd forbidden forbidn Gyakorlat They crossed the street. tmentek az utcn. She has already departed. mr elutazott. Has she reached her destination yet? Megrkezett mr a rendeltetsi helyre? My son loves to draw ships. A fiam szeret hajkat rajzoni. Father forbade me to go there with him. Apa megtiltotta, hogy odmentjek vele. Have you fed the animalst yet? Megetetted mr az llatokat? Egsztsd ki Eltrte a karjt, amikor elesett. She broke her arm when she fell. Csak kijellt gyalogtkelhelyen menjen t az Cross the street only at a zebra crossing. ton! Reggeli utn etettem meg az llatokat. I fed the animals after breakfast. Mit rajzoltl oda? What have you drawn there? Htkor indultak el. They departed at seven. Megrkeztek Londonba? Have they reached London? A szleim mindent megtiltanak nekem. My parents forbid me everything. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt rajzolni to draw megtiltani to forbid elrni to reach thaladni to cross eltrni to break elutazni to depart etetni to feed - 324 -

Fordtsd angolra Egsz jszaka folytattk a munkt. Ennek a gyereknek elloptk a kerkprjt Abbahagytad (mr) a dohnyzst? Nekem hrom macskm van. Jobban szeret gyalog jrni. Micsoda zsfolt utck! Most rtelmetlen elutazni. Mit lehet tudni, melyik vidkeket fogjuk megltogatni. Az llatkertben az llatok etetse tilos! Nem llhattam meg, hogy ne mosolyogjak, amikor annyi v utn ismt lttam t. (fit) Gyll ebben az ipari vrosban lni. (fi) Mi trtnt? Mit vesztettl el? Lenne szves nekem pnzt klcsnzni? Kijtsi gyakorlat j hate drawbreak sourcemain hall way call lake door They went on working all night. This child s bicycle has been stolen. Have you given up smoking? I have got three cats. He prefers going on foot. What crowded streets! It s no good departing now. There is no saying which regions we will visit. In zoo feeding the animals is forbidden. I could not help smiling when I saw him after many years. He hates living in this industiral town. What happened? What did you lose? Do you mind lending me money? e shallow vast flat harbout hat depart cat arm capital task

- 325 -

24. Lecke 24. Lecke Els rsz j szavak village vilidzs falu, kzsg farmer frmr gazda, paraszt crop krop terms, termny meadow medou rt, mez, legel produce prodjsz termny(ek), termk field fld mez, szntfld fertilizer frtiljzr (m)trgya soil szojl termfld, talaj rye rj rozs wheat ovt bza flour flaur liszt domestic domesztik hzi Ms sorrendben farmer frmr gazda, paraszt fertilizer frtiljzr (m)trgya village vilidzs falu, kzsg produce prodjsz termny(ek), termk domestic domesztik hzi flour flaur liszt meadow medou rt, mez, legel wheat ovt bza crop krop terms, termny rye rj rozs soil szojl termfld, talaj field fld mez, szntfld - 326 -

Gyakorlat I like walking in the meadows. Szeretek a rteken stlni. What is teh name of your village? Mi a neve a falutoknak? What is flour used for? Mire hasznljk a lisztet? The fields are deserted in the winter. A mezk elhagyottak tlen. Farmers always work hard. A parasztok mindig kemnyen dolgoznak. They live near the river. A foly kzelben laknak. Will there be a good crop this yar? J lesz a terms ebben az vben? Sometimes a lot of fertilizer is necessary. Nha sok mtrgyra van szksg. We boy produce in this shop. Ebben az zletben vsrounk termnyeket. You need wheat and rye to make bread. A kenyr ksztshez bzra s rozsra van szksg. The soil is not always good. A talaj nem mindig j. Dogs are domestic animals. A kutya hzi llat. Egsztsd ki Hrom ve nem volt j termsnk. We haven t had a good crop for three years. k ebben a faluban laknak. They live in this village. A foly kzelben lv szntfldek jk. The fields near the river are godd. A rozs gyorsan n? Does rye grow fast? Harmatosak a legelk. There is dew on the meadows. Valamennyi fivrem gazda. All my brothers are farmers. A mtrgya egyre drgbb lesz. Fertilizer is getting more and more expensive. J a talaj ezen a hegyes terletlen? Is the soil good in this mountainous region? A hzi termk a legjobb. Domestic produce is the best. Mennyi lisztet kell vennnk? How much flour must we buy? Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt. mez, rt meadow bza wheat szntfld field liszt flour kzsg, falu village mtrgya fertilizer rozs rye paraszt, gazda farmer termny produce terms crop hzi domestic talaj, termfld soil - 327 -

rzst, rzelmeket kifejez felkilt mondatokban gyakran hasznljuk a how mennyire nvmst. Rendszerint mellknv vagy ige ll mellette. Pl.: How good of you to visit me! Milyen j vagy, hogy megltogatsz! How nice of them to help! Milyen kedves tlk, hogy segtenek! How noisy these children are! Mennyire hangosak ezek a gyerekek!

milyen,

A how + mellknv szerkezet utn, egyes szm megszmllhat fnevek eltt, hasznlhatjuk az a/an hatrozatlan nvelt. Pl.: How nice a man he is! How delicious an apple that was! Gyakorlat Milyen Milyen Milyen Milyen rendes tled, hogy megcsinlod. j ht volt ez! szp volt az a hz! gynyrek ezek a rtek!

j kifejezsek in the counry to make hay abundantfavourableruralholiday Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet in dz kntri tu mjk hj bndnt fjvrbl rrl holidj Where did you spend your holiday? I was in the country. What did you do there? I made hay. What? Milyen kedves ember ()! Milyen zletes volt az az alma! How How How How good of you to do it! good a week that was! nice a house it was! beautiful these meadows are!

vidken, falun sznt kaszlni/forgatni

b(sgeg), kiads kedvez, elnys vidki, falusi szabadsg, munkaszneti nap - 328 -

Yes, my friend is a farmer. He had an abundant crop this summer so I went there to help him. And how did you like the rual life? Very much. The weather was favourable and the work was nice. Fordtsuk le fenti perbeszdet mondatonknt Where did you spend your holiday? I was in the country. What did you do there? I made hay. What? Yes, my friend is a farmer. He had an abundant crop this summer so I went there to help him. And how did you like the rual life? Very much. The weather was favourable and the work was nice. Egsztsd ki Ma kedvez szl van. Ez a falusi krnyezet nagyon csndes. A szabadsgomat otthon tltttem el. Gyorsan kell a sznt kaszlnuk. Ez a terms bsgesebb, mint az elz volt. Vidken nincs nagy forgalom. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt vidki, falusi sznt kaszlni kedvez, elnysvidken, falun bsges, kiads szabadsg, nnep Hol tlttted a szabadsgod? Vidken voltam. Mit csinltl ott? Sznt kaszltam. Mit? Igen, a bartom gazda. Ezen a nyron bsges terms volt, gy odamentem, hogy segtsek nek. s hogy tetszett a vidki let? Nagyon. Az idjrs kedvez volt, a munka

pedig kellemes. There is a favourable wind today. These rual surroundings are very quiet. I spent my holiday at home. We must make hay fast. This crop is more abundant than the previous one. There is not much traffic in the coutry. rural to make hay favourable in the counry agundant holiday - 329 -

Mr megismertk a which melyik, amilyik krd s vonatkoz nvmssal. Gyakran tallkozhatunk a which of ki/melyik valakik/valamik kzl szkapcsolattal. Ha ezt a szkapcsolatot az alanyra vonatkoz krd mondatban hasznljuk, akkor a mondat egyenes szrenben lesz. Pl.: Mr megismertk a which melyik, amilyik krd s vonatkoz nvmssal. Gyakran tallkozhatunk a which of ki/melyik valakik/valamik kzl szkapcsolattal. Ha ezt a szkapcsolatot az alanyra vonatkoz krd mondatban hasznljuk, akkor a mondat egyenes szrenben lesz. Pl.: Which of you knows where my keys are? Ki tudja kzletek /Melyiktk tudja, hogy hol vannak a kulcsaim? Which of these employees works the best? Ezen alkalmazottak kzl ki dolgozik a legjobban? Which of these dogs ran faster? Ezek kzl melyik kutya futott gyorsabban? Akkor, amikor nem az alanyra krdeznk, fordtott szrendet hasznlunk a krd mondatban. Pl.: Which of them do you know? Kiket ismersz kzlk? Which of those cars have you bought? Azok kzl az autk kzl melyiket vetted meg? Which of them have you recently met? Kzlk kikkel tallkoztl mostanban? Which of these houses do you like the best? Ezek kzl melyik hz tetszik a legjobban? Which of these rivers is the longest? Ezek kzl melyik foly a leghosszabb? Which of these boods have you already read? A knyvek kzl melyiket olvastad mr? j igk to to to to to thresh tu tszres cspleni, kicspelni fertilize tu frtiljz trgyzni dig tu dig sni, kisni, felsni grind tu grjnd rlni plough tu plau szntani, felszntani

Rendhagy igk I. alak II. alak III. alak dig dig dug dg dug dg grind grjnd ground graund ground graund - 330 -

Gyakorlat We have threshed the weat. Kicspeltk a bzt. Have you fertilized your fields. Megtrgyztad a szntfldjeidet? They dug their patatoes last week. Kistk a burgonyjukat a mlt hten. All the rye has been ground. Az sszes rozsot megrltk. He ploughed his fields when the weather was Felszntotta a fldjeit, amikor j volt az good. idjrs. Egsztsd ki A gyenge talajt gyakran kell trgyzni. Bad soil must often be fertilized. Nagyon el voltunk foglalva a szntssal. We have been very busy ploughing. Kicspeli minden farmer a sajt rozst? Do all farmers thersh their own rye? Nehz munka a burgonyass? Is digging up potatoes hard work. Amikor a bzt megrlik, liszt lesz belle. When wheat is ground, it becomes flour. sni, felsni to dig szntani to plough kicspelni to thresh trgyzni to fertilize rlni to grind A who, wich s a korbbi leckkben megismert whom, whose vonatkoz nvmsokat hasznlhatjuk az n. jelzi mellkmondatokban. A jelzi mellkmondat az alany asznostshoz szksges informcit tartalmaz. 1. A korltoz, vagy kijelol rtelm jelzi mellkmondat az alany azonostshoz szksges informcit adja: Pl.: A balesetet okoz ember slyosan The man who caused the accident is megsrlt. seriously injured. Figyeld meg, hogy a jelzi mellkmondat nlkl nem tudnnk, kirl beszlnk. - 331 -

Mindenkinek, aki tizennyolc ves, lehet autja. Csak a jl megrlt liszt hasznlhat kenyr ksztshez. (Csak az a liszt, amelyet jl megrltek, hasznlhat ) Az a n, aki ennek az zletnek a kzelben ll, a tanrnm. Everybody who is eighteen years old can have a car. Only flour which is well ground can be used to make bread. The woman who is standing near this shop is my teacher. A korltoz rtelm jelzi mellkmondat esetben a who s which nvmsok helyett hasznlhatjuk a that nvmst is. Pl.: Azok az embrek, akik sokat keresnek, sokat kltenek. Az az ember, akit a meccsen ltunk, a bartom. Annak a nnek, akinek az autjt elloptk, most gyalogolnia kell. A tegnap kicspelt rozsot mr eladtk. People that earn a lot spend a lot. The man whom we saw at the match is my friend. The woman whose car has been stolen must walk now. The rye which was threshed yesterday has already been sold. Az a gyerek, aki a kertben futkrozik, az The child who is running in the garden i s enym. mine.

2. A bvt rtelm, vagy rtelmez jelzi mellkmondat tovbbi informcikat tartalmaz a fmondat alanyra vagy trgyra. Ezek az informcik azonban nem az alany vagy a trgy azonostshoz szksgesek, ezrt ezt a mellkmondatot kt vesszkz hely olban is). Pl.: A fivremnek, aki szerel, kt gyermeke My brother, who is a mechanic, has two

van. children. Ebben a mondatban az alanyt (fivrem) mr a mondat elejn azonostottuk, gy a tovbbi informci kiegszt mellkes. A szomszdom, akinek krhzba vittk a My neighbour, whose wife has been taken felesgt, most ppen hozz megy. to hospital, is going to her now. A hrom ves kutynk fekete. Our dog, which is three years old, is black. A kerkprja, amely az utcn ll, nagyon His bicycle, which is standing in the street, gyors. is very fast. - 332 -

A bvt rtelm jelzi mellkmondatban a that nvmst nem hasznlhatjuk. Ne felejtsd, hogy a who, whom nvmsokat csakis szemlyekre vonatkozan hasznljuk. Gyakorlat Ki a legidsebb kzletek? Az az ember, aki most Pterrel beszzlget, a hivatalomban dolgozik. A lnyom, akinek a frje orvos, ppen most vett egy hzat. Ki tudja, hol van az anym? Pter, akit tegnap lttl, gazdaember. A tavalyi termsnk jobb volt. A gyermekeink, akik jelenleg Londonban vannak, angol nyelvet tanulnak. Az az aember, aki most ebben az autban l, nagyon fontos szemly. Szeretek olyan emberekkel zletet ktni, akik megbzhatak. Mit tettl az asztalra? Ismtls Milyen kedves tled, hogy kistad a burgonynkat! k olyan emberek, akik szeretnek vidkken lni. Milyen kedvez volt az idjrs! A szleim, akiknek kt hzuk van, ppen most vettk meg a harmadikat. Azoknak a gazdknak, akik egyltaln nem hasznlnak trgyt, alacsony a termsk. az a gazda, aki mr lekaszlta a sznt. Sekly csatornkat nem minden haj hasznlhat. Ez a szna azokrl a rtekrl van, amelyek a

foly kzelben vannak. az az ember, akinek elloptk a lisztjt? A nvre, aki mg iskolba jr, tanr akar lenni. (fi) Which of you is teh older? The man who/that is talking to Peter now works in my office. My daughter, whose husband is a doctor, has just bught a house. Who knows where my mother is? Peter, whom you saw yesterday, is a farmer. The crop which we had last year was better. Our children, who are in London now, learn English. The man who is sitting in this car now is a very important person (VIP). I like doing business with people who are reliable. What have you put on the table? How nice of you to dig up our potatoes! They are people who like living in the country. How favourable the weather has been! My parents, who have two houses, have just bought the third one. Farmers who use no fertilizers have small crops. This is the farmer who has made hay already. Canals which are shallow cannot be used by all ships. This hay is from the meadows which are near the river.

Is this the man whose flour has been stolen? His sister, who goes to school, wants to be a teacher. - 333 -

Milyen gynyr lny ! Ezek olyan szntfldek, melyeket nem rdemes felszntani. Az ebbl a falubl val gazdk, akiknek mindig j termsk van, mtrgyt hasznlnak. A bza bsgesen terem ebben az vben. k azok az emberek, akiknek eladuk a termnynket. Az sszes rozsbl lisztet rltek. Kiejtsi gyakorlat j meal grindwheat rye been skyseen Ipeople mind How beautiful a girl she is! These fields which are not worth ploughing. The farmers from this village, who always have good crops, use fertilizers. The wheat is abundantly growing this year. They are the people whom we have sold our crop. All the rye has been ground into flour. au i plough willage how river now which brown dig town big - 334 -

24. Lecke Msodik rsz Olvasd el a prbeszdet Barbara: I am just reading in the newspaper that many people think living in teh country is very nice. do you believe it? John: I can believe that, because there is not so much traffic, it is also less noisy. Barbara: And the air is cleaner there and it is nicer to see fields and meadows than all those buildings and crowded streets. John: But a lot of people prefer living in a town or even a big city. Barbara. It s true because they say that in a town or city ther are also good things. Peter: In a town it does not take much time to go to work or to do shopping. Am I right? Mary: Yes, you are right. There are also many cinemas if you want to see a film. Peter: And I must admit, that some of us feel good only when they see a lot of people and traffic. Mary: Do you think, the country is too quiet for them? Peter: Yes, and they often think that things which happen in a town are more important than the things which happen in the country. Barbara: Tom have you heard them talk about living in a city or in the country? Tom: Yes, I have. So you see it is difficult to say that life in the country is bette r than in a city or town. Barbara: Many people think taht the situation which they have been in all their lives is the best. Tom: And who can say that is not true? Fordtsd angora Mindig gylltem a korn kelst. I have alwayss hated hetting up early. Jobban szeret a tban szni. He prefers swimming in the lake. A klvrosban lakunk. We live in the outskirts.

Az apjnak, aki vidken lakik, a vrosban van His father, who lives in the cuntry has a job in llsa. town. A tenger, amely itt sekly, nem tiszta. The sea, which is shallow here, is not cle an. Sok keskeny csatorna van. There are many canals which are narrow. Nem rdemes megltogatni ezt a sk vidket. It s no good visiting this flat region. Van nhny cigarettd szmomra? Have you got a few cigarettes for me? Milyen csnya kp ez! How ugly a picture this is! Tovbb mr nem tilthatod meg. You can t go on forbidding it. - 335 -

Nem lehet megmondani, mennyi mtrgyra lesz szksged. Az ipari krnyezetben fekv vrosok piszkosak. Ez a gyerek egy lovat rajzolt. Olyan utcban lakom, amelyik gyakran nptelen. Vannak hzillatok az llatkertben? A klvrosban lak emberek gazdagok. Az ruhzak a kzpontban vannak. Megetetnd az llatokat ma? A hegyek nagyon ltvnyosak. Sokba kerlt? Mely mezkre szrtad ki a mtrgyt? Mit jelent neked a mozgs (koltzs)? Ezen a ftvonalon thaladni veszlyes. Azt se bnom, hogy elviszem a vroshzra. A lops emberek nem megbzhatak. A rozs s az bza termynek. sztl valaha ebben a csatornban, Tl sok egyirny utca van. Ezeket az embereket, akik a falunk lakosai, elbocsjtottk. Ha tbb idm lenne, stlni mennk. There is no saying how much fertillzer you will need. Towns which lie in an industrial region are dirty. This child has drawn a horse. I live in a street which is often deserted. Are there domestic animals in the zoo? People who live in the suburbs are rich. The department stores are in the centre. Do you mind feeding the animals today? The mountains aer very impressive. Has it cost much? On what fields have you thrown the fertilizer? What does moving mean to you? Crossing this throughfare is dangerous. I don t mind taking it to the town hall. People who steal are not reliable.

Rye and wheat Have you ever There are too These people,

are produce. swum in this canal? many one-way streets. who are the inhabitants of our

village, have been fired. If I had more time I would go for a walk. - 336 -

25. Lecke 25. Lecke Els rsz j szavak barley brli rpa seed szd mag, vetmag agriculture egriklcsr mezgazdasg pasture pszcsr legel farmhand frmhend mezgazdasgi munks plough plau eke furrow frou barzda tractor trektr ergp, traktor corn krn gabona grain grjn gabonaszem barn brn csr, magtr cow kau tehn furrow frou barzda cow kau tehn seed szd mag, vetmag grain grjn gabonaszem barn brn csr, magtr barley brli rpa corn krn gabona plough plau eke farmhand frmhend mezgazdasgi munks agriculture egriklcsr mezgazdasg pasture pszcsr legel tractor trektr ergp, traktor - 337 -

Gyakorlat This farmer grows barley. Ez a gazda rpt termeszt. Where will we buy seeds? Hol vesznk vetmagot? Agriculture is important in this country. A mezgazdasg fontos ebben az orszgban. What are pastures used for? Mire hasznljk a legel(ke)t? The farmhands are ploughing. A meggazdasgi munksok szntanak. This plough will be repaired. Az eke barzdt sznt a taljban. The farmers have paid for this tractor A gazdk kzsen fizettek ezrt a traktorrt. together. What knids of corn do you know? Milyen gabonafajtkat ismersz? Many grains are eaten by the birds. Sok gabont esznek meg a madarak. We have a very large barn. Egy nagyon nagy magtrunk van. How many cows has that farmer got? Hny tehene van annak a gazdnak? Egsztsd ki Egy modern ekt akarunk venni. We want to buy a modern plough. Ez a gabona arrl a terletrl van. This corn is from that field. A barzdknak elg szlesnek kell lennik. The furrows must be wide enough. Drga az rpa az idn? Is barley expensive this year? A gabonaszemeket lsztt rlik. The grains are grund into flour. Ez a mezgazdasgi munks hossz ideig Has this farmhand worked here for a along dolgozott itt? time? Sokat keresnek az emberek a Do people earn much in agriculture? mezgazdasgban? A tehenek a legeln vannak. The cows are in the pasture. Ez a traktor gyakran elromlik. This tractor is often out of order. A vetmagokat a barzdkba szrjk. The seeds are thrown into the furrows. Szeptemberben a magtrunk tele van. In September our barn is full. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt eke plough tehn cow barzda furrow rpa barley ergp, traktor tractor - 338 -

mezgazdasgi munks farmhand gabona corn gabonaszem grain legel pasture mag, vetmag seed csr barn fldmvels agriculture A must kell, muszj ktelessget, szksgessget kifelejez mdbeli segdige helyett

hasznlhatjuk a to have to igeszerkezetet. A to have to szerkezet nem mdbeli segdige . Pl.: She has to drink less coffee. Kevesebb kvt kell innia. Do you have to work today? Dolgoznod kell ma? I won t have to go there tomorrow. Nem kell odamennem holnap. A must segdignek csak jelenidej alakja van! a mlt s a jv idben a to have to igeszerkezetet hasznljuk. Tegnap meg kellett javtanom a csapot. I had to repair the tap yesterday. Mikor kell befejeznek a munkt? When will you have to finish work? Nem kell bzt rlnnk ma. We don t have to grind wheat today. Ki kell hajtania a teheneket a legelre. (n) She has to take the cows to the pastur e. Mit kell megrnom honap? What will I have to write tomorrow? j szavak agricultural egriklcsrl mezgazdasgi fertile frtjl termkeny regularly regjulrli szablyosan, rendszeresen healthy heltszi egszsges except ikszept kivve, kivtelvel possible poszibl lehetsges, lehet interesting intrsztin(g) rdekes certainly szrtnli termszetesen - 339 -

Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet Do you like living in an agricultural region? Yes, I do. I think it is healthier to live in the country than in the city. But is the life here interesting? Yes, it is. There are many interesting things to do. We have everything here exc ept cinemas. But isn t the work too hard? No, it isn t. I only have to fertilizer the soil regularly because it is not ferti le enough. Is it possible to grow all kinds of crops here? Certainly. I grow wheat, rye nad barley. Fordtsuk le a fenti prbeszdet mondatonknt Do you like living in an agricultural region? Yes, I do. I think it is healthier to live in the country than in the city. But is the life here interesting? Yes, it is. There are many interesting things to do We have everything here except cinemas. But isn t the work too hard? No, it isn t. I only have to fertilizer the soil regularly because it is not fertile enough. Is it possible to grow all kinds of crops here? Certainly. I grow wheat, rye nad barley. Egsztsd ki Ezek a tehenek nem egszsgesek. Rendszeresen jrunk futball-mrkzsre. El lehet adni ezeket a jegyeket? Mrk kivtelvel valamennyien jhetnk. A falun egy termkeny vlgyben fekszik. Mindig elolvasom a mezgazdasgi hreket az jsgban.

Szeretsz mezgazdasgi krzetben lni? Igen. Azt hiszem, egszsgesebb vidken lni, mint a vrosban. De rdekes itt az let? Igen. Sok rdekes dolgot lehet csinlni. A mozi kivtelvel mindennk meg van itt. De nem tl nehz a munka? Nem. Csak a talajt kell rendszeresen trgyznom, mert nem elg termkeny. Lehetsges mindenfajta termnyt termelni itt? Termszetesen. n bzt, rozsot s rpt termesztek. These cows are not healthy. We regularly go to a football match. Is it possible to sell these tickets? We can all come, except Mark. Our vilalge lies in a fertile valley. I always read the agricultural news in the newspaper. - 340 -

Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt kivve, kivtelvel except termkeny fertile lehet, lehetsges possible mezgazdasgi agricultural egszsges healthy rendszeresen regularly rdekes interesting Figyeld meg a kvetkez pldamondatokat I like coffee said John. Szeretem a kvt mondta Jnos John said he liked coffee. Jnos azt mondta, szereti a kvt. She is cooking dinner said Peter. ppen vacsort fz mondta Pter. Peter said she was cooking dinner. Pter azt mondta, ppen vacsort fz. szrevetted a vltozsokat az igeidben? Mind kt esetben fgg beszd del tallkozunk, amit leggyakrabban akkor hasznlunk, amikor valakit idznk. A fgg beszd kpzsnek szablya: ha a fmondat lltmnya (pl. John said, Peter said) mlt idben van (Simple Past, Past Continous, Past perfect), az idzetet tartalmaz (trgy i) mellkmondat lltmnynak ideje az igeid-egyeztets szablyai szerint vltozik, mely a kvetkez: Simple Present -------------------- Simple Past Peresent Continuous -------------------- Past Continous. He told me he grew all kinds of corn. Azt monta nekem, mindenfajta gabont termel. She said she was always late for work. Azt monta, mindig elksik a munkbl. I heard they were coming. Hallottam, hogy jnnek. A fmondatban az lltmny leggyakrabban egyszer mlt idbe (Simple Past) kerl. - 341 -

Egsztsd ki Azt mondta nekem, fradt. He told me he was tired. Jane azt mondta, ppen levelet r. Jane said she was writing a letter. Anya azt mondta, nincs pnze. Mother said she had no money. Ki mondta, hogy k nem szeretnek dolgozni. Who said they didn t like working? j igk to to to to to to sow tu szou (magot) vetni, bevetni store tu sztr raktrozni, trolni harvest tu hrviszt aratni, betakartani graze tu grjz legelni, legeltetni milk tu milk fejni fail tu fjl elmaradni, kudarcot vallani

megbukni, elmulasztani Rendhagy igk sow szou sowed szoud sown szoun Gyakorlat Have you sown the wheat yet? Elvetetted mr a bzt? They stored the crop in their barns. A magtrainkban troltk a termnyt. We have harvested all our corn. Betakartottuk az sszes gabonnkat. The cows grazed in the pastures every A tehenek minden nyron a legelkn summer. legeltek. You haven t milked the cows yet. Mg nem fejted meg a teheneket. The crop failed that year. Abban az vben elmaradt a terms. Egsztsd ki Sok rozsot arattl ebben az vben? Have you harvested much rye this year? Nagyon rendszeresen fejtk a teheneket. They milked the cows very regularly. Elmulasztott idben visszajnni He has failed to return in time. Tegnap elvetettk az rpt. We sowed the barley yesterday. Magtrban troltad? Have you stored it in a barn? A tehenek mindig bksen legeltek a foly The cows always grazed quietly near the kzelben. river. - 342 -

Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt legelni to graze aratni to harvest fejni, megfejni to milk elmaradni to fail vetni, szrni to sow raktrozni to store

A Present Countinuous igeidvel rzelmi llasfoglalst, rosszallst (harag, trelmetlensg) i kifejezhetnk bizonyos tevkenysggel, esemnnyel kapcsolatban. A leggyakrabban hasznlt idhatroz az always, jelentse: mindig, llandan, vg nlkl. Pl.: He is always forbidding me watching TV! Mindig eltilt engem a TV-nzstl! She is always smoking cigarettes! llandan cigarettt szv! Fordtsd angolra Mindig visszautastanak engem! They are always refusing me! llandan jsgot olvas (fi) he is always reading newspapers! A lovakrl beszlnek vg nlkl! They are always talking about horses! Az apm mindig csak kvt iszik! My father is always drinking only coffee! - 343 -

25. Lecke Msodik rsz j szavak country lane kntri ljn dlt hedge hedzs svnykerts, lsvny crow krou varj scarecrow szkerkrou madrijeszt cattle ketl marha, jszg cattle farming ketl frmin(g) marhatenyszts arable farming erbl frmin(g) nvnytermeszts mixed farming mikszt frmin(g) vegyes gazdlkods rat ret patkny rodent roudent rgcsl dairy djri tejgazdasg, tejzem dairy produce djri prodjsz tejtermk Ms sorrendben arable farming erbl frmin(g) nvnytermeszts dairy djri tejgazdasg, tejzem crow krou varj country lane kntri ljn dlt rodent roudent rgcsl dairy produce djri prodjsz tejtermk rat ret patkny hedge hedzs svnykerts, lsvny cattle ketl marha, jszg mixed farming mikszt frmin(g) vegyes gazdlkods scarecrow szkerkrou madrijeszt cattle farming ketl frmin(g) marhatenyszts Gyakorlat A country lane is a road through fields. A dlt fldeken tvezet t. There are hedges there. Ott svnykertsek vannak. There are many crow in the fields. A szntfldeken sok varj van. - 344 -

What is a scarecrow for? Mire val a madrijeszt? The cattle are grazing. A marhk ppen legelnek. Is there much cattle farming in Hungary? A marhatenyszts jelents Magyarorszgon? Arable farming is more important A nvnytermeszts fontosabb. We are in mixed farming. Mi vegyes gazdlkodssal foglalkozunk. A rat is bigger than a mouse. A patkny nagyobb mint az egsz. Do rodents eat corn? A rgcslk megeszik a gabont? We take the milk to the dairy regularly. A tejet rendszeresen a tejzembe visznk. Butter and cheese are dairy produce. A vaj s a sajt tejtermkek. Egsztsd ki Milyen szn a varj? What colour is a crow? A falunkban van egy tejgazdasg. There is a dairy in our village. Ebben a rgiban sok vegyes gazdasg van. There is a lot of mixed farming in this regi on. Szereted a tejtermkeket? Do you like dairy produce? Nem szereti a nvnytermesztst. He doesn t like arable farming. A svnykertsek nem nagyon magasak. The hedges are not very high. Hibaval madrijesztt alkalmaznunk. Its s no use having a scarecrow. Tudod milyenek a rgcslk? Do you know what rodents are? Tavaly eladtuk a marhinkat. We sold our cattle last year. Itt nem lehetsges a marhatenyszts. Cattle farming is not possible here. Fogtam egy patknyt. I have caught a rat. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt rgcsl rodent varj crow dlt country lane tejgazdasg dairy vegyes gazdasg mixed farming patkny rat marha cattle tejtermk dairy produce madrijeszt scarecrow svnykerts hedge - 345 -

nvnytermeszts arable farming marhatenyszts cattle farming A visszahat nvms Visszahat nvmst hasznlunk akkor, ha az alanyra akarunk visszautalni. Alakjaik: Iyouhe myself yourself himself mjszelf jrszelf himszelf she herself hrszelf it itself itszelf we ourselves aurszelvz youthey yourselves themselves jrszelvz dzemszelvz Gyakorlat He hurt himself. They offered themselves for this job. I can t see myself in this mirror. Look at yourself! Megsrlt. (Megsrtette magt.) Sajt magukat ajnlottk erre az llsra. Nem ltom magam ebben a tkrben. Nzd meg magad! Fordtsd angolra Vettem magamnak egy autt. Kivasalt egy blzt sajt magnak. Megsrltem. (Megsrtettem magamat.) Ez nem nekik fog rtani, hanem neked magadnak! I have bought a car for myself. She ironed a blouse for herself. I have hurt myself. This will not hurt them, but yourself! Igeid egyeztets szablyai az egyszer mlt s a befejezett jelen idre vonatkozan: Simple Past ----------- Past Perfect Present Perfect ----------- Past Perfect Pl.: - 346 -

John said I have never seen a scarecrow. John said he had never seen a sacecrow. Mary told me I was there three years ago. Mary told me she had been there three years before. Az ago hatrozsz helyett fgg beszdben a before hatrozszt hasznljuk.

Egsztsd ki Pter azt mondta, mg nem nzte meg azt a Peter said he hadn t watched that film. filmet. Tegnap hallottam, hogy k mg nem jttek I heard yesterday they hadn t returned yet. vissza. Jnos azt mondat, nem ismerte azt az John said he hadn t known that man. embert. Mria olvasta, hogy ennek a gyrnak a Mary read that the management of this factory vezetse nem bocstott el munksokat. hadn t fired the labourers. j szavak of course ov krsz termszetesen, persze along lon(g) mentn, hosszban harmful hrmfl rtalmas, krtkony wet ovet vizes, ess dry drj szraz profitable profitbl nyeresges, jvedelmez Gyakorlat Of course it is true. Persze, hogy igaz. There are hedges along the road. Az t mentn lsvny van. Is smoking harmful? A dohnyzs kros? Don t store corn in a wet place. Vizes helyen ne trolj gabont! This month has been very dry. Ez a hnap nagyon szraz volt. I agriculture profitable? A mezgazdasg jvelemez? Egsztsd ki Az utck mg nem szrazak. The streets are not dry yet. Mi terem jl az utak mentn? What grows well along the roads. Melyik jvedelmezbb, a nvnytermeszts, Which is more porfitable, arable farming or vagy a marhatenyszts? cattle farming. - 347 -

A rgcslk nagyon krtkonyak. Rodents are very harmful. Melyik a legessebb hnapja az vnek? Which is the wettest month of the year? Tremszetesen tud autt vezetni. Of course he can drive a car. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt szraz dry termszetesen, persze of course mentn, hosszban along nyeresges, jvedelmez profitable krtkony harmful vizes, ess wet j igk to to to to to to scare tu szekr megijeszteni, megrmteni shear tu sir nyrni plant tu plnt (el)ltetni, palntlni yield tu jld hozni, adni, teremni set tu szet lenyugodni, le(el)helyezni cover tu kvr (be)fedni, takarni

Rendhagy igk I. alak II. alak III. alak shear sir sheared sird shorn srn set szet set szet sez szet Gyakorlat Have I scared you? Rd ijesztettem? We sheared the sheep in March. Mrciusban nyrtuk meg a brkkat. The corn dired for many weeks. A gabona sok htig szrad. How much has the crop yielded? Mennyi lett a terms? We asked him to do it, but he didn t want to Arra krtk, csinlja meg, de nem akart yield. engedni. She set the flowers in water. Vzbe tette a virgokat. The thunderstorm scared us. Az gzengs megijesztett bennnket. - 348 -

Cover the bread. Takard be a kenyeret! Egszts ki Egy napstses napon nyrtk meg a brkkat. They sheared the sheep on a sunny day. Sok rpt adott a szntfld? Has the field yielded much barley? Tegnap vetettk el a burgonyt. W planted the potatoes yesterday. A madrijeszt nem riasztja el a madarakat. The scarecrow doesn t scare the birds. A gabona jl kiszradt. The corn dried well. Az ablak mell kell elhelyezned (azt). You must set it next to the window. Elfelejtette letakarni az telt. He forgot about covering the food. Add meg a szavak angol megfelljt megijeszteni to scare vetni, palntlni to plant megnyrni to shear szrtani, aszalni to dry teremni to yield lenyougodni, lehelyezni to set fedni, takarni to cover. Fgg beszdben az egyszer jv id (Simple Future) kpzsnl hasznlt segdige, a will, mlt idej alakjt veszi fel would. Pl.: She said I will not go there . John said I will have dinner at seven . She said she would not go there. John said he would have dinner at seven. Pter azt mondta, ott lesz. Anya azt mondta, azon a terleten paradicsomot fogunk ltetni. Peter said he would be there. Mother said we would plant tomatoes in that field. Ismtls Holnap bzt kell vetnnk. Apa azt mondta, () egszsges. Megfejted mr az sszes tehenet? Mindig elrakja a rgi jsgokat! (lny) Tomorrow we will have to sow wheat. Father said he was healthy. Have you milked all the cows yet? She is always storing old newspapers! - 349 -

Azt mondta, a rgcslk megettk az sszes He said rodents had eaten all the rye. rozsot. (fi) Nzd meg magad! Look at yourself! Azt mondta, kt hete lttal t. (fi lnyt) She said he had seen her two weeks before. Holnap aratunk. We are harvesting tomorrow. Hol foguk tronli az rpt? Where will we store the barley? Mindig a gyors autikrl beszlnek. They are always talking about their fast cars. A gabont mg nem lehet aratni. The corn cannot be harvested yet. Csak a termkeny fldek teremnek sokat. Only the fertile fields will yield much. A marhk a legelkn legeltek. The cattle grazed in the pastures. Patknyok vannak a magtrunkbn. There ae rats in our barn. A rgcslk gabonaszemeket esznek. Rodents eat grains of corn. Szeretek stlni a dlutak mentn. I like walking along the country lanes. Van tejzem a faludban? Is there a dairy in your village? Persze, hogy megnyrtuk mr a brkkat. Of course we have shorn the sheep already. e au ou shorn rat plough farmer rodent corn cattle cow barley crow worn cash now barn sow forty fat brown car show caught flat mouth father blow - 350 -

26. Lecke 26. Lecke Els rsz j szavak frost froszt fagy rainbow rjnbou szivrvny thunder tszndr mennydrgs heat-wave ht ovjv hhullm hailstone hjlsztoun jges, jgszemek distance disztnsz tvolsg, messzesg shelter seltr vhely, menedkhely ditch dics (vizes)rok, csatorna twilight tovjljt szrklet, alkony sunset sznszet naplemente dawn dn hajnal, virradat lighting ljtin(g) villm(ls) Ms sorrendben hailstone hjlsztoun jges, jgszemek distance disztnsz tvolsg, messzesg frost froszt fagy lighting ljtin(g) villm(ls) ditch dics (vizes)rok, csatorna shelter seltr vhely, menedkhely thunder tszndr mennydrgs rainbow rjnbou szivrvny heat-wave ht ovjv hhullm dawn dn hajnal, virradat sunset sznszet naplemente twilight tovjljt szrklet, alkony - 351 -

Gyakorlat There hasn t been frost yet. Fagy mg nem volt. The ditches are frozen. A vizesrkok befagytak. How many colours has a rainbown? A szivrvnynak hny szne van? Thunder scares many people. A mennydrgs sok embert megijeszt. We saw the willage in the distance. A tvolban meglttuk a falut. They found no shelter. Nem talltak menedkhelyet. He continued ploughing in the twilight. Tovbb szntott a szrkletben. Can we work after sunset? Dolgozhatunk naplemente utn? The heat-wave started in June. A hhullm jniusban kezddtt. The hailstones were very big. A jgszemek nagyon nagyok voltak. Farmers start working at dawn. A gazdk virradatkor kezdenek dolgozni. Did you see the lightning? Lttad a villmlst? Egsztsd ki Kevs fagy volt azon a tlen. There was little frost that winter. A mennydrgs megrmtette a gyerekeket. The thunder scared the children. Nmely naplemente csodlatos. Some sunsets are eautiful. Taltunk menedkhelyet a menndrgs We found a shelter during the thunderstorm. idejn. Szeretem a hajnalt. I like the dawn. Milyen llatok lnek (a) vizesrkokban? What animals live in the ditches? Nem lttuk a villmlst. We didn t see teh lighting. A jgszemek olyan nagyok voltak, mint a The hailstones were as big as eggs. tojs. Nincs gyakran hhullm. Heat-waves don t often happen. Zivatar utn gyakran jelenik meg a There is often a rainbow after a shower. szivrvny. Mennyi a kt falu kztti tvolsg? What is the distance between the two villages? A szrkletben nem tallkoztunk senkivel. We met nobody in teh twilight. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt hhullm heat-wave naplemente sunset hajnal dawn - 352 -

szivrvny rainbow fagy frost mennydrgs thunder jgszem hailstone alkony, szrklet twilight villmls lightining tvolsg distance rok ditch menedkhely shelter A myself, themesvelves tpus nvmsok elvesztik visszahat jellegket, ha azokat ms fnv, vagy hatrozsz hangslyozsra, nyomatkostsra hasznljuk. Ilyen esetben nyomatkost nvmsnak hvjuk ket. Pl.: I myself have given it to you. n magam adtam oda neked. You have done it yourself. Te csinltad meg magad. We shall plough the fields ourselves. Mi magunk fogjuk felszntani a fldeket. He has heard it from the doctor himself. Magtl a doktortl hallotta. Ebben az esetben a nvms kerlhet a mondat kzepre, vagy a vgre anlkl, hogy elveszteni nyomatkost szerept. Pl.: You yourself have done it. vagy: You have done it yourself. j szavak mild mjld enyhe, szeld, mrskelt raw r nyers, zord piercing pirszin(g) that, szrs cool kl hvs, friss gloomy glmi stt, komor unsettled nszetld vltozkony endless endlisz vgtelen, sznni nem akar - 353 -

Gyakorlat Olvasd el a szveget It is a gloomy day today. A piercing wind is blowing and there is raw frost. Yes terday teh wind was cool but it was mild. The weather is always unsettled in this region an d it often rains. Sometimes the rain is endless. Fordtsuk le fenti szveget mondatonknt It is a gloomy day today. A piercing wind is blowing and there is raw frost. Yesterday teh wind was cool but it was mild. The weather is always unsettled in this region and it often rains. Sometimes the rain is endless. Egsztsd ki A mrcius enyhbb volt, mint a mjus. komor ember. Nem szeretem ezt az that hideget. Ebben az orszgban ltalban vltozkony az idjrs. Dolgoznunk kellett a zord szlben. Jobban tudunk dolgozni, amikor hvs van. Nhny ember szmra egy ht vgtelen hossz lehet. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt nyers, zord vgtelenvltozkonyhvs stt enyhe that, szrs Ma komor az idjrs. that szl fj s zord fagy van. Tegnap a szl hvs, az idjrs azonbn enyhe volt.

Ebben a rgiban az idjrs mindig vltozkony, s gyakran esik az es. Nha az es nem akar elllni. March was milder than May. He is a gloomy man. I dont t like this piercing cold. In this country the weather is usually unsettled. We had to work in the raw wind. We can work better when it is cool. To some people a week can be endless. raw endless unsettled cool gloomy mild piercing - 354 -

Az ige ml idej alakjt hasznljuk az albbi szavakat, szkapcsolatokat s kifejezseket kvet mellkmondatokban felttelezsek, kvnsgok lersra: It is time it iz tjm itt az ideje ; pp ideje I wish j ovis brcsak ; szeretnm ha if if ha; feltve, hogy if only if ounli brcsak suppose szpouz felttelezni, feltenni fancy fenszi elgondolni, elkpzelni imagine imedzsin (el)kpzelni, gondolni it would be better if it ovud b betr if jobb lenne ha Az ilyen tpus mellkmondatok mindig a jelenre, vagy a jvre utalnak. Gyakorlat It is time you went home. Itt az ideje, hogy hazamenj. I wish I were rich. Brcsak gazdak lennk! It would be better if we didn t leave early. Jobb lenne, ha nem indulnnk korn. If only there were enought time! Brcsak elg id lenne! Suppose he came today. Tegyk fel, hogy ma jn. Imagine you had a lot of money. Kpzeld azt, hogy sok pnzed van! Fancy if the man dyou saw were your father. Kpzeld azt, hogy az az ember, akit lttl az apd! Ezekben a mellkmondatokban a to be ignek csupn egyetlen alakjt, a were mlt idej alakot hasznljuk. Egsztsd ki Szeretnm tudni, mit tegyek. ppen ideje, hogy rjon neked egy levelet. Kpzeld el, ha ez a hz az enym lenne. , br gyorsabban hajtana!0 Tegyk fel, itt megllunk. Gondold azt, mintha Jnos j aztvezet lenne. I wish I knew what to do. It is time he wrote a letter to youl Fancy if this house were mine. If only he drove faster! Suppose we stopped here. Imagine if John were a good driver. Jobb lenne, ha nem vennnek kutyt. It would be better if they didn t buy a dog. - 355 -

j igk to shiver to rumble to seem to die to damage to suffer (from) tu sivrtu rmbl tu szm tu dj tu demidzstu szfr dideregni, vacogni drgni,morajlani ltszani, tnni meghalni megronglni, megkrosodni szenvedni (valamitl) A to die ige gerund alakja dying. Gyakorlat We shivered with cold. The thunder was rumbling in the distance. The ploughing seemed endless. Who died? The hailstones have damaged the crop. The cattle are suffering from the heat. Vacogtunk a hidegtl. A mennydrgs a tvolban morajlott. A sznts vgnlklinek ltszott. Ki halt meg? A jgszemek krt okoztak a termnyben. A szarvasmarhk szenvednek a hsgtl. Egsztsd ki Ki ronglta meg az autnkat a mlt jjel? Eddig haszontalannak tnt. Reszkettnk az that hidegben. Tl hossz ideig szenvedtek mr. Balesetben halt meg. Who damaged our car last nignt? It has seemed useless so far. We shivered in teh piercing cold. They have suffered too long already. She died in an accident. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt ltszani, tnniszenvedni to seem tu suffer dideregnimeghalni megronglni, krostani morajlani, drgni to shiver to die to damage to rumble - 356 -

Mr tudjuk, hogy a that az a nvms, amelyik mindig szkt, korltoz rtelm vonatkoz mellkmondatot vezethet be. A szkt rtelm vonatkoz mellkmondatok esetben a which nvms helyett ktelezen ezt a nvmst hasznljuk. Sok esetben azonban a that nvms el is maradhat, mint a kvetkez esetekben: 1. felsfok utn: It is the best film (that) I have seen. He bught the cheapest bicycle (that) they showed him. These are the highest wages (that) the pay. This is the fastest plane (that) I have ever seen. 2. a kvetkez angol szavak utn: everything anything few little az all utn, ha az trgyra utal.

Everything (that) you see is his. This is something (that) I don t understand. Is there anything (that) I have forgotten? There is little (that) I can do for you. All (that) we have bought is in the kitchen. 3. az any s az only mellknevek utn: Is there any information (that) you can give me? This is the only news (that) I have herad. Gyakorlat Ez a legszlesebb foly, amit valaha lttam. Nincs semmijk, ami megrn azt a pnzt. Van valami, amit tudnom kell. Van olyan knyved, amit elvihetek? Ez a legjobb film, amit lttam. A legolcsbb kerkprt vette meg, amit mutattak neki. Ezek a legmagasabb brek, amiket fizetnek. Ez a leggyorsabb replgp, amit valaha lttam.

semething nothing much Minden, amit ltsz, az v. Ez olyasmi, amit nem rtek. Van valami, amit elfelejtettem? Kevs az, amit tehetek rted. Minden, amit vettnk, a konyhban van. Van olyan informci, amit nekem tadhatsz? Ez az egyetlen h, amit hallottam. This is the widest river (taht) I have ever seen. They have nothing that is worth the money. Is there anything (that)I must know? Have you any boods (that) I can taken? - 357 -

Fordtsd angolra maga akarja megcsinlni. (fi) He wants to do it himself. Mindent meg fogok tenni, amit szksges. I will do everything that is necessary. Itt az ideje, hogy kicsit kemnyebben dolgozz. It is time you worked a little hard er. rpt akarok vetni. I want to sow barley. A kerkprom volt az egyetlen dolog, ami The only thing that was damaged was my megsrlt. bicycle. Brcsak az idjrs ne lenne olyan komor! If only the weather weren t so gloom! k maguk lttk a jgdarabokat! They have seen hailstones themeselves! Ez volt a leghosszabb hhullm, amit valaha This was the longest heat-wave (that) we have megrtnk. ever had. Hvs lesz ma jjel. It will be cool tonight. Brcsak ne reszketnk annyira! I wish I didn t shiver so! Azt kvnom, az idjrs ne legyen I wish the weather were not unsettled. vltozkony. Nem volt sok, amit a flhomlyban lthatunk. There was not much that we could see i th e twilight. Kiejtsi gyakorlat j i heat seem seed feed suffer hail shiver rumble rain ditch cut lane milk but grain fish

- 358 -

26. Lecke Msodik rsz Olvasd el a prbeszdet Barbara: John, I just read in the newspaper that to people who live in teh country and ea rn their money in agriculture, the weather is much more important than to those who live in a town or city. John: That s right, favourable weather is necessary for a good crop. Barbara: But sometimes it is too dry and at other times it is too wet. John: There has to be enough sun, too. Barbara: Yes, but if it is too dry for too long the crop will not grow fast enou gh. John: But we know that farmers are not easily satisfied. Mary: Peter, did you listen to what Barbara and John have just said? Peter: Yes, I did. The weather is something to talk about every day and everywhe re. Mary: When people meet, they like to talk about the weather. Peter: They are glad when they can sit in the sun for example. Barbara: Sometimes the weather can give us beautiful things. Tom: A lightning can be very impressive, but it also scares some people. Barbara: Is there anybandy who doesn t enjoy looking at a rainbow? And what about a beautiful sunset? Tom: Even a thunderstorm or a shower can be beautiful. Barabara: The best thing is to be satisfied with the weather, for there is nothi ng that we can change about it. Fordtsd angolra Amit mondasz, nem lehet igaz. What you say cnnot be true. Holnap Madridba utaznak. They are leaving for madrid tomorrow. k maguk utlettk el ezeket a burgonykat. They planted these potatoes themselves. Mindig a gyors autjrl beszl. He is always talking about his fast car. Ez valami olyan, amit sose lttam azeltt. This is something that I have never seen before. Aki knyveket olvas, sokat tanul. Who reads books will learn much. Ma este autval visz engem haza. (fi) He is ddriving me home tonight. Brcsak megvltozna az idjrs! If only the weather changed! Sajt magukat ajnlottk a rozs learatsra. They offered themselves to harvest the rye. Folyton a szobjt takartja! She always cleaning her room! n magam lttam. I have seen it myself. - 359 -

Ez az egyetlen gabona, amit mr troltak. Ez a legenyhbb idjrs, amiben hossz id ta rsznk van. A rgcslk sok gabont megesznek. A vidki emberek a legegszsgesebbek? Az ltalunk ismert llatok kzl a patknyok a legkrtkonyabbak. A marhatenysts mg jvedelmez? A marhk szenvednek a zord hidegtl. Ez a legel tlsgosan nedves. Van valami, amit a jges megronglt? Mirt vnna klsvnyek a dlt mentn? Sok ids ember meghalt a hhullmban. Megnyrtk mr a birkkat? Ez az a valami, aami nem tnik lehetsgesnek. Ez a fld semmi eladhatt nem termett. Hallottunk a menndrgs morajlst a tvolban. Folytattk a betakartst a szrkletben. This is the only corn thatt has been stored already. This is the mildest weather that we have had for a long time. Rodents eat a lot of corn. Are country people the healthiest ones? The most harmfoul animals that we know are rats. Is cattle farming still profitable? The cattle are siffering from the raw cold. This pasture is too wet. Is there anything that has been damaged by the hailstones? Why are there hedges along the country lane? Many old people died during the heat-wave.

Have the sheep been shorn yet? This is something that doesn t seem to be possible. This field has yielded nothing that can be sold. We heard the thunder rumbling in the distance. They went on harvesting in the twilight. - 360 -

27. Lecke 27. Lecke Els rsz j szavak law l trvny crime krjm bncselekmny, bntett criminal kriminl bnz fine fjn brsg pickpocket pikpokit zsebtolvaj burglar brglr betr burglary brglri betrs(es lops) thief, thieves tszf/tszvz tolvaj, tolvajok theft tszeft lops, tolvajls robbery robri rabls shoplifter sopliftr bolti tolvaj prisoner priznr rab, fogoly police plsz rendrsg Ms sorrendben shoplifter sopliftr bolti tolvaj thief, thieves tszf/tszvz tolvaj, tolvajok law l trvny fine fjn brsg pickpocket pikpokit zsebtolvaj robbery robri rabls prisoner priznr rab, fogoly police plsz rendrsg crime krjm bncselekmny, bntett theft tszeft lops, tolvajls burglary brglri betrs(es lops) criminal kriminl bnz burglar brglr betr - 361 -

A police sz gyjtfnv, mindig a the hatrozott nvel elzi meg, az lltmny pedig tbbes szm alakban ll mellette a mondatban. Gyakorlat The law forbids some things. Killing a person is a crime. A crimingal does things that are forbidden. You sometimes pay a fine for doing a forbidden thing. Pickpockets want to steal you purse. A burglar enters your hose to steal things. There are many burglaries every day. A thief steals. There are more and more robberies. Theft is stealing other people s things. Shoplifters take thins out of shops without paying for them. A prisoner has been caught by the police. Egsztsd ki Sok bnz nincs brtnben. A tolvajok veszlyesek lehetnek. Slyos bn az autlops? A zsebtolvajnak nagyon gyorsnak kell lennie. A betr eltrte a lbt a hzunkban. Tehnap rablls trtnt a postahivatal kzelben. Mikor volt az a betrs? A rabok hossz idt tltttek a brtnben. A rendrsg kt embert keres. Ez trvnyellenes? Brsgot kellett fizetnnk. A bolti tolvajt akkor fogtk el, amikor ppen kifel ment a boltbl. Az against elljr jelentse: valami ellen. A trvny megtilt nhny dolgot. Embert lni bntett. A bnz tiltott dolgokat cselekszik. Nha brsgot fizetnk tiltott dolgok

elkvetsrt. A zsebtolvajok a pnztrct akarjk ellopni. A betr a hzadba hatol be, hogy ellopjon dolgokat. Minden nap sok betrses lops van. A tolaj lop. Egyre tbb a rabls. A lops ms emberek dolgainak eltulajdontsa. A bolti tolvajok fizets nlkl visznek ki dolgokat a boltbl. A rendrsg elfogott egy rabot. Many criminals are not in prison. Thieves can be dangerous. Is car theft a serious crime? Pickpockets have to be very fast. The burglar broke a leg in our house. There was a robbery near the post-office yesterday. When was that burglary? The prisoners spent a long time in prison. The police are looking for two people. Is this agaits the law? We had to pay a fine. The shoplifter was caught when he was leaving the shop. - 362 -

Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt brsg fine rab prisoner bolti tolvaj shoplifter bnz criminal betrs burglary rendrsg police rabls robbery betr burglar trvny law tolvaj thief zsebtovaj pickpocket bncselekmny crime A felttles mlt (III. Conditional) A feltteles mlt id a mltra vonatkozik, ezrt a mondatban szerepl felttel mr nem teljeslhet. A feltteles mellkmondat Past Perfect igeidben van, a fmondat szerkezete a kvetkez: would + have + fige III. alakja. Pl.: If the burglar hadn t been caught we would Ha a betrt nem fogtk volnta el, sok pnzt have lost a lot of money. vesztettnk volna. I would have had time to do it if you had told Lett vona idm megcsinlni, ha tegnap szltl me yesterday. volna. Egsztsd ki Ha ne mlopta volna el ezt a knyvet, akkor nem kerlt volna brtnbe. Ha korbban lekaszltuk vona a sznt, eladtuk volna. Elmentem volna veled a moziba tegnap, ha lette volna idm. Beszlt volna nekem rla korbban, ha tudta volna. Mit tettl volna, ha elbocsjtottak volna tged akkor? If he hadn t stolen this book then he would not have gone to prison. If we had made hay earlier we would have sold ti. I would have gone to the cinema with you yesterday if I had had time. He would have told me about ti earlier if he

had known. What would you have done if they had fired you then? - 363 -

A would s a could segdigk, ezrt a velk alkotott krdseket fordtott szrenddel kpezzk. Pl.: Could you leave yesterday? El tudtl menni tegnap? What would you do if you were rich? Mit tennl, ha gazdag lennl? A fenti segdigk tagad alakja: could not sszevont alakja coldn t [kudnt] would now sszevont alakja wouldn t [ovudnt] Pl.: They couldn t see us there. My mother wouldn t pay for this if she hadn t money. j szavak innocent guilty obviously outrageousbrutal Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet inszntgilti obviszli autrjdzsszbrtl Nem lthattak ott bennnket. Az anym nem fizetne ezrt, ha nem lenne pnze. rtatlan bns nyilvn(valan) gyalzatos, felhbort brutlis, kegyetlen Do you think this man is guilty? He can t be innocent. He obviously stole the cash from the bank. Yes, that was outrageous. I heard that he had been very brutal. I hope he wol lgo to prison for a long time. Fordtsuk le a fenti prbeszdet mondatonknt Do you think this man is guilty? He can t be innocent. He obviously stole the cash from the bank. Yes, that was outrageous. I heard that he had been very brutal. Gondolod, hogy ez az ember bns?

Nem lehet rtatlan. Nyilvnvalan ellopta a pnzt a bankbl. Igen, felhbort volt. Hallottam, hogy nagyon kegyetlen volt. - 364 -

I hope he wol lgo to prison for a long time. Egsztsd ki Hallottl valaha errl a felhbort bncselekmnyrl? Lehet, hgoy bns? A frfi rtatlannak tnt. Nyilvn hallottk a hredet. A hrekben rendszeresen szerepelnek brutlis (bn)cselekmnyek. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt rtatlankegyetlennyilvnfelhbort, gyalzatos Fgg krds John asked Are you at home? . Peter asked When were you in England? . Remlem, hossz idre brtnbe kerl. Have you ever heard of this outrageous crime? Is it possible that she is guilty? The man seemed to be innocent. They have obviously herad the news. Brutal crimes are regularly in the news. innocent brutal obviously outrageous John asked if I were at home. Peter asked when I had been in England. A fenti pldamonatokbl ltatod, hogy a fgg beszdben a krd mondat szrendje azonos a kijelent mondat szrendjvel. Valjban nem is krd, hanem kijelent mondatl van sz. Eldntend krdsnl a fmondat utn a kvetkez mellkmondatot az if ktszval vezetjk be. Kiegsztend krdsben a krd nvms megmarad. Az igeidk megvltoznak! Vltoztasd az egyenes-krd mondatokat fgg-krd mondatokk Mary asked Where is he going? . Mary asked where he was going. Peter asked Did they meet her? . Peter asked if they had met her. Jane asked Who has taught her how to Jane asked who had taught her how to swim.

swim? . John asked - 365 -

Does he like music? . John asked if he liked music.

Fordtsd angolra Pter megkrdezte, hogy azt tiltja-e a trvny. Mria megkrdezte, hogy a rendrk mikor fogtk el a tolvajt. Jnos megkrdetze, hogy a zsebtolvajok bnzk-e. Jane megkrdezte, hgoy hov akarunk menni. Pter megkrdezte, hny rabls volt ebben a vrosban. j igk to to to to to to to cimmit arrest rob prosecute confess sentecne (to) beware of

Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet tu tu tu tu kmittu reszt rob proszikjt knfesztu szentnsztu biover ov

Peter asked if the law forbade it. Mary asked when the police had cought the tief. John asked if pickpockets were criminals. Jane asked where we wanted to go. Peter asked how many burglaries there had been in this city. elkvetni letartztatni, rizetbe venni meglopni, kirabolni vdat emelni, megvdolni bevallani, beismerni eltlni (valamire) vakodni, vmitl/vkitl Beware of this man! He s a criminal.

What cime did he commit? He robbed then rich people. Was he prosecuted? Yes, he was. The police arrested him after looking for him for two months. Did he confess to the robberies? Yes, he did. And then he was sentenced to ten years. Fordtsd le a fenti prbeszdet mondatonknt Beware of this man! vakodj ettl az embertl! He s a criminal. Bnz. What cime did he commit? Milyen bnt kvetett el? He robbed then rich people. Kirabolt tz gazdag embert. - 366 -

Was he prosecuted? Vd al helyeztk? Yes, he was. Igen. The police arrested him after looking for him A rendrsg letartztatta, miutn kt hnapig for two months. kerestk. Did he confess to the robberies? Beismerte a rablsokat? Yes, he did. Igen. And then he was sentenced to ten years. s azutn tz vre el tltk. Egsztsd ki A szomszdja kvetett el lopst. His neighbour commited a theft. Kit tartztattak le? Who has been arrested? Tegnap t ember rabolta ki a fszereseket. Five men robbed the grocer s yeserday. vakodj a stt utckl! Beware of dark streets. Mirt nem emeltek vdat ellenk? Why haven t they been prosecuted? Bevallotta az sszes bnt? He confessed to all this crimes? Ki tlte el ket? Who has sentenced them? Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt letartztatni to arresst vdat emelni to prosecute vakodni vmitl/vkitl to beware of eltlni to sentence elkvetni to commit meglopni, kirabolni to rob bevallani, beismerni to confess Fordtsd angolra Azt krdezte tlem, mikor fogjk eltlni t. He asked me when they would sentence him. (fit) Ha korbban tudtam volna, anem trtem volna If I had known earlier I would not have haza. returned home. Tudod, hogy a fivrnket vd al helyeztk? Do you know our brother was prosecuted? Letartztattk, mert bncselekmnyt kvetett He was arrested because he committed a el. (fi) crime. Mria azt krdezte, hogy ez a trtnet Mary asked if this story was outrageous. felhbort volt-e. - 367 -

Sok betrs volt a krnyezetnkben There have been a lot of burglaries in our mostanban. surroundings recently. vakodj ettl a kegyetlen embertl! Beware of this burtal man. t vre tltk ket. They sentenced them to five years. Beismer vallomst tett, de rtatlan volt. She confessed but she was innocent. (lny) - 368 -

27. Lecke Msodik rsz j szavak sentence szentnsz tlet remorse rimrsz megbns, bnbnat police-station plsz sztjsn rendrrs, rendrsg (hely) ticket tikt jegy, bntetcdula speeding szpdin(g) gyorshajts murder mrdr gyilkossg murderer mrdrr gyilkos evidence evidnsz bizonytk, (tan)bizonysg behaviour bihjvir viselkeds, magatarts blackmail blekmjl zsarols capital punishment kepitl pnismnt hallbntets death sentence detsz szentnsz halllos tlet Ms sorrendben murderer mrdrr gyilkos speeding szpdin(g) gyorshajts sentence szentnsz tlet capital punishment kepitl pnismnt hallbntets remorse rimrsz megbns, bnbnat ticket tikt jegy, bntetcdula blackmail blekmjl zsarols murder mrdr gyilkossg evidence evidnsz bizonytk, (tan)bizonysg death sentence detsz szentnsz halllos tlet police-station plsz sztjsn rendrrs, rendrsg (hely) behaviour bihjvir viselkeds, magatarts - 369 -

Gyakorlat He got a long sentence. Hossz bntetst kapott. Does he feel any remorse? rez egyltaln megbnst? They were taken to the police-station. A rendrsgre vittk ket. Do you often get a ticket? Gyakran kapsz bntetcdult? Last week I got one for speeding. A mlt hten kaptam egyet gyorshajtsrt. Is murder the most serious crime? A gyilkossg a legslyosabb bncselekmny? Is it known who the murderer was? Lehet tudni, hogy ki volt a gyilkos? There is enough evidendce. Elegend bizonytk van. What do you think of her behaviour? Mi a vlemnyed a magatartsrl? Do we need capital punishment? Szksgnk van a hallbntetsre? The death sentence did not scare him. A halllos tlet nem rmtette meg. Egsztsd ki Hrom gyilkossg volt ezen a hten. There have been three murders this week. A rendrrs a szlloda mellett van. The police-station is next to the hotel. Kevs a bizonytk. There is little evidence. A viselkedsk nagyon klns. Their behaviour is very strange. A gyilkosokat letartzatattk. The murderers have been arrested. A zsarols gyakran jvedelmez. Blackmail is often profitable. Milyen bntetst kaptak? What setence did they get? Nhny ember azt gondolja, hogy a Some people think capital punishment is hallbntets hibaval. useless. A rendr bntetcdult adott neki. The policeman gave him a ticket. Hoznak hallos tletet tolvajlsrt? Is there a death sentence for theft? A gyorshajts veszlyes (sajt magadra). Speeding is dangerous for yourself. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt gyilkos murderer hallos tlet death sentence bizonytk evidence tlet sentence gyorshajts speeding hallbntets capital ponishment bntetcdula ticket - 370 -

rendrrs police-station gyilkossg murder vislekeds, magatarts behaviour megbns, bnbnat remorse zsarols blackmail Ismerkedjnk meg a jv id kpzsnek egy mdjbal, a to be going to fog, szndkozik megtenni vmit. szerkezettel. Ennl a szerkezetnl csupn a to be ige alakja vltozik a szemlynek s az igeidnek megfelelen (I am going to, she is going to, they are going to stb. ). Pl.: I am going to watch a film tonight. Ma este megnzek egy filmet. They were going to fly to England. Angliba szndkoztak replni. Krdst az alany s a to be ige megfelel alakjnak felcserlsvel, mg tagadst a not tagadsznak a to be ige megfelel alakjhoz trtn illesztsvel kpezzk. Pl.: Where are you going to spend your holiday? Hol fogod tlteni a szabadsgodat? She was not going to visit us yesterday. Nem szndkozott megltogatni bennnket tegnap. Fordtsd angolra Nem kszltnk letartztatni ezt az embert. We aren t going to arrest thsi man. Hov fogod vinni a gyermekeidet? Where are you going to take your children? Az apm el fogja adni az reg autnkat. My father is going to sell our old car. Be fogjk vinni a rendrk ket a Are the police going to take them to the rendrsgre? police-station? Nem fogom elmondani neked ezt a trtnetet. I m not going to tell you this story. j szavak relieved rilvd megknnyeblt sufficient szfisnt elegend, elgsges violent vjlnt erszakos decent dsznt illedelmes, tisztessges - 371 -

envious (of) envisz irigy (valamire) gentle dzsentl finom, udvarias, nyjas Gyakorlat He was relieved when he was not prosecuted. Megknnyebblt, amikor nem emeltek ellen e vdat. Is this sufficient for today? Elegend ez mra? He has always been a violent man. Mindig is erszakos ember volt. Most people are decent. A legtbb ember tisztessges. The thief said he was envious of rich people. A tolvaj azt monda irigyli a gazda g embereket. What a gentle person she is! Milyen udvarias! Egsztsd ki Ezek tisztessges emberek. These are decent people. Te is megknnyebbltl? Were you relieved, too? Lgy udvarias hozzjuk! Be gentle to them. Van elegend olaj? Is there sufficent oil? Mindig ennyire erszakosak? Are they always so violent? Nincs rtelme irigynek elnni. It s no use being envious. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt illedelmes, tisztessges decent megknnyebblt relieved irigy (valamire) envious (of) udvarias gentle erszakos violent elegend, elgsges sufficient sszetett vonatkoz nvmsok whoever hevr akrki, brki whatever ovotevr akrmi, brmi whichever ovicsevr akrmelyik, brmelyik - 372 -

Gyakorlat Whatever happens I will help you. Akrmi trtnik, segteni fogok neked. Whoever sees the thief must tell the poice. Brki ltja a tolvajt, szlnia kell a rendrsgnek. Whichever of these cars you choose, it will Brmelyiket vlasztod ezek kzl az autk cost you a lot. kzl, sokb fog kerlni nekd. Az sszetett vonatkoz nvms utn a jv id kifejezssre Simple Present igeidt hasznlunk. Fordtsd angolra Brmelyik hzat veszed meg, tl kicsi lesz a csaldodnak. Akrki kr pnzt tlem, elutastom. (fi) Brmit rsz, j lesz. j igk to accuse (of) to release to murder to report to convict (of) to pinish to find out tu kjz tu rilsz tu mrdrtu riprt tu knvikttu pnis tu fjnd aut Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet Whichever house you buy it will be too small for your family. Whoever asks me for money, I will refuse him. Whatever you write it will be all right. (meg)vdolni (valamivel) elereszteni, szabadon bocsjtani meggyilkolni jelenteni, bejelenteni eltlni, bnsnek tlni (valamiben) megbntetni megtudni, megllaptani, kiderteni Six months ago somebody reported a murder to the police. Did they catch the murderer? Yes, they did. He was accused and convicted.

How was he punished? He was sentenced to capital punishment. But after two weeks he was released. Why? Wasn t he guilty? No, he wasn t. The police found out that somebody else had committed the crime. - 373 -

Fordtsuk le a fenti prbeszdet Six months ago somebody reported a murder Hat hnappal ezeltt valaki bejelentett eg y to the police. gyilkossgot a rendrsgen. Did they catch the murderer? Elfogtk a gyilkost? Yes, they did. Igen. He was accused and convicted. Vd al helyeztk s eltltk. How was he punished? Milyen bntetst kapott? He was sentenced to capital punishment. Hallbntetsre tltk. But after two weeks he was released. De kt ht elteltvel elbocsjtottk. Why? Mirt? Wasn t he guilty? Nem volt bns? No, he wasn t. Nem. The police found out that somebody else had A rendrsg megllaptotta, hogy valaki ms committed the crime. kvette el a bncselekmnyt. Egsztsd ki Bejelentettk alopst a rendrsgen. We reported the theft at the pilice-station. Mirt engedtk ki t? Why have they released him? Megvdolt, hogy elloptam a csizmit. He accused me of stealing his boots. Mirt nem bntettk meg ket? Why haven t they punished them? Miben talltk bnsnek t? What did they convict him of? Meggyilkolta a titkrt. He has murdered his secretary. Mr kidertettem, hogy ki ette meg a I have already found out who ate my dinner. vacsormat. Add meg az igk angol megfeleljt jelenteni, bejeneteni to report elengedni to release bnsnek tallni to convict megbntetni to punish (meg)vdolni to accuse (of) meggyilkolni to murder megtudni, megllaptani to find out - 374 -

Fordtsd angolra Ma kt zsebtolvajt tartztattak le. A rendrsg nem tudja, hogy ez a bnz hol van. A betrt korbban elfogtk volna, ha akkor lett volna telefonunk. Nyilvnvalan k kvettk el ezt a bncselekmnyt. Ennek a knyvnek a tartalma felhbort. Pter azt krdezte, hogy a bartjt eltltk-e. Megkrdeztk, hogy mikor emelnk vdat ellene. (lny) vakodj a rossz emberektl! Hallos tletet kapott. (fi) Ha lassabban hajtottl volna, nem kaptl volna bntetcdult. Nincs elgsges bizonytkunk, hogy megvdoljuk ket ezzel a rablssal. rez ez a tolvaj egyltaln bnbnatot? A rendrsg az rszobra szndkozik vinni a gyilkost. Brki jn ide, kidobom. Hogyan fogod t megbntetni? Kiejtsi gyakorlat e theft relieveddeath decentenvious thief gentle release Two pickpockets have been arrested today. The police don t know where this criminal. The burglar would have been caught earlier if we had had a telephone then. They obviously committed this crime. The contents of this book are outrageous. Peter asked if his friend had been sentenced. They asked when we would prosecute her.

Beware of bad people. He got a death sentence. If you had driven slowlier you wouldn t have got a ticket. We don t have sufficient evidence to accuse them of this robbery. Dows this thief have any remorse? The police are going to take the murderer to the police-station. Whoever comes here I will throw him out. How are yougoing to punish him? j i fine convict crime criminal time fish rise thick - 375 -

28. Lecke 28. Lecke j szavak o

Els rsz

wedding vedin(g) eskv o wedding-day vedin(g) dj az eskv napja o wedding-ring vedin(g) rin(g) jegyr God, god god az Isten, isten bride brjd menyasszony guest geszt vendg, ltogat bachelor becslr ntlen ember,legnyember, agglegny bridegroom brjdgrm vlegny marriage meridzs hzassg divorce divrsz (el)vls relatives reltvz rokonok service szrvisz szertarts, szolglat Ms sorrendben bachelor becslr ntlen ember,legnyember, agglegny bride brjd menyasszony God, god god az Isten, isten guest geszt vendg, ltogat service szrvisz szertarts, szolglat o wedding-ring vedin(g) rin(g) jegyr divorce divrsz (el)vls wedding ovedin(g) eskv marriage meridzs hzassg o wedding-day vedin(g) dj az eskv napja relatives reltvz rokonok bridegroom brjdgrm vlegny - 376 -

Gyakorlat When is their wedding-day? Mikor van az eskvjk napja? What a beautiful wedding that was! Milyen gyngyr eskv volt! He bought expensive wedding-rings. Drga jegyrket vsrolt. God, heop me! Isten, segts meg! The bride was late. A menyasszony elksett. The bridegroom is very tall. A vlegny nagyon magas. How many guests were there? Hny vendg volt ott? After his wedding a man is not a bachelor. Az eskvje utn a frfi nem legnyember. There are many divorces every year. Minden vben sok vls van. They say marriage is forever. Azt mondjk, a hzassg rkre szl. Were all your relatives there? Valamennyi rokonod ott volt? The service was impressive. A szertarts ltvnyos volt. Egsztsd ki A hzassg nem nekem val. Marriage is not for me. Nem leszek ott az eskvjkn. I will not be at their wedding. Tudom, hogy van Isten. I know there is God. Mindenki a vlsukrl beszlt. Eevrybody talked about their divorce. Megvetted mr a jegyrket? Have you bought the wedding-rings yet? Azt mondta, sosoe felejti el az eskvje He said he would never forget his wedding napjt. day. Lekstk a szertartst. They were late for the service. A menyasszonynak s a vlegnynek kevs The bride and the bridegroom had few rokona volt. relatives. Az egyik vendg voltk? Were you one of the guests? rlk, ogy ntlen ember vagyok. I m glad I m a bachelor. A menyasszony mennyi ideje ismerte t? How long has the bride known him? A vlegny a fivrem. The bridegroom is my brother. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt vlegny bridegroom vls divorce vendg guest jegyr wedding-ring - 377 -

menyasszony bride szertarts service Isten God rokono relatives az eskv napja wedding-day eskv wedding legnyember bachelor hzassg marriage A korltoz rtelm vonatkoz mellkmondatot bevezet vonatkoz nvms bizonyos esetekben elhagyhat. Pl.: The people (whom) I visited were very nice to Azok az emberek, akiket megltogatta m, me. nagyon kedvesek voltak hozzm. Don t lose the ticket (which) he has given to Ne vesztsd el a jegyet, amit adott ne ked! you. Do you like the book (that) you have read? Tetszik a knyv, amit olvastl? The news (which) we heard was very bad. Az a hr, amit hallottunk, nagyon rossz vo lt. Is the car (which) you drove yesterday Drga az az aut, amit tegnap vezettl? expensive? Fordtsd angolra, hagyd el a vonatkoz nvms, ott ahol a nyelvani szably alapjn indokolt Ezeket az embereket, akiket hossz id ta ismerek, tegnap bocsjtottk el. Az az aut, amit a mlt hten vettem, nagyon gyors. Az a n, aki ppen ott stl, az apm nvre. Hol vetted az ltnyt, amit ppen viselsz? A burgonyk, amiket kistunk, aprk. Ez a nagyon reg szk nem elad. A hz, amit ptettnk, nem nagyon magas. A rendr, aki a bnzt letartztatta azt mondta, hogy nem volt knny. These people, whom I have known for a long time, were fired yesterday.

The car I bought last week, is very fast. The woman who is walking there is my father s sister. Where have you boughtthe suit you are wearning? The potatoes were have dug are small. This chair, which is very old, is not for sale. The house we have built is not very high. The policeman that arrested the criminal said that it hadn t been easy. - 378 -

j szavak engaged ingjdzsd eljegyzett, jegyes happy hepi boldog enormous inrmsz risi, hatalmas single szingl ntlen, hajadon incredible inkredibl hihetetlen religious rilidzssz vallsos Gyakorlat Since when have they been engaged? Mita jegyesek? It was the happiest day of heir lives. letk legboldogabb napj volt. They are going to live in an enormous house. Egy hatalmas hzban fognak lakni. Are you still single? Ntlen vagy mg? Their divorce is incredible. A vlsuk hihetetlen. These people are very religious. Ezek az emberek nagyon vallsosak. Egsztsd ki Van egy hatalmas autgyr a vrosunkban. Ther is an enormous car factory in our town. Hihetetlen, hogy mr itt van. It is incredible that he is already here. Csak rvid ideig voltak jegyesek. They have been engaged for only short time. Azt mondta, hogy hajadon akar maradni. She said that she wanted to stay single. Vallsosak ezek az emberek? Are these people religious? Boldog voltl? Were you happy? Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt hihetetlen incredible jegyes, eljegyzett engaged ntlen, hajadon single risi, hatalmas enormous vallsos religious boldog happy - 379 -

Trjnk vissza a fgg beszdhez 1. Feltteles mondatok: Fgg beszd alkalmazsakor a feltteles mondat els tpusa esetn az igeid-egyeztets szablyai szerint az igeid eggyel visszalp (jelen idbl mlt lesz). Pl.: Peter said If I have time I will go to the Pter said that if he had time he would go to cinema . the cinema. A feltteles mondat msodik s harmadik tpusa esetn az igeidben nem trtnik vltozs. Pl.: John said if I were you I would not do it . John said that if he were me he wuld no t do it. Mary said ifI had had the money earlier I would have paid for the car . Mary said that if she had had the money earlier she would have paid for the car. 2. szkapcsolatok, melyek utn a mellkmondat Simple Past igeidbe kerl. A kvetkez szkapcsolatpk igeideje megvlttozik. Pl.: It is time it was time I wish I wished Ezeket a szkapcsolatokat kvet mellkmondat ideje azonban nem vltozik. Pl: Peter said I wish I had a house . Mary said it s time I went home . Fordtsd angolra Jnos azt mondta, ha felesgl vette volna Mriat, akkor boldog lett volna. Mria azt mondta nekem, itt az ideje, hogy elhagyjam t. (fi) Pter azt mondta, ha lenne elg pnze, klcsnnzne nekem valamennyit. Peter said he wished he had a house. Mary said it was time she went home. John said that if he had married Mary then he would have been happy. Mary told me that it was time I left him. Peter said tht if he had enough money he would lend me some.

Joan azt mondta, hogy brcsak gazdagabb Joan said she wished she were richer. lenne. - 380 -

Anym azt mondta, ha oda akarna menni, oda menne. j igk to to to to to A marry divorce attend believe swear to swear ige rendhagy

over swear sz Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet tu meri megnslni, frjhezmenni tu divrsz elvlni (vkitl), elvlasztani tu tend ltogatni, megjelenni tu bilv hinni tu szover (meg)eskdni, eskt tenni swore szovr sworn szovrn My mother said that if she wanted to go there she would go. Do you know that Joan is going to divorce her husband? Oh, no! I can t believe it! Are you sure? I swear it s true. But she married him a year ago! I know, I attended the wedding. This news is awful. I thought they were happy together. Fordtsuk le a fenti prbeszdet mondatonknt Do you know that Joan is going to divorce her husband? Oh, no! I can t believe it! Are you sure? I swear it s true. But she married him a year ago! I know, I attended the wedding. This news is awful. This news is awful. I thought they were happy together. Tudod, hogy Johanna vlik a frjtl?

, nem! Nem tudom elhinni! Biztos vagy benne? Eskszm, hogy igaz. De mg csak egy vvel ezeltt ment frjhez hozz! Tudom. Jelen voltam az eskvn. Ez szrny hr. Azt hittem, hogy boldogok egytt. - 381 -

Egsztsd ki Eskszl r, hogy igaz? Can you swear that it is true? Mindig hittek Istenben. They have always believed in God. Hny ember jelent meg az eskvn? How many people attended the wedding? Sok ve elvltak. They have been divorced for many years. Kivel ktttl hzassgot? Whom have you married? Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt megnslni, frjhez menni to marry hinni, gondolni to believe elvlni to divorce eskt tenni to swear jelen lenni, rszt venni to attend A could s a would segdige ktfle hasznlata Figyeld meg a plda mondatokat Can you open the widow? Ki tudnd nyitni az ablakot? Would you give me some tea? Adnl (lennl szves adni) nekem egy kevs tet? Fordtsd angolra Megvennk a jegyeket nekem? Would you buy me the tickets? Meg tudnd nzni a levelem? Could you look at my letter? Klcsnadnd nekem a knyveidet? Would you lend me your boods? El tudnd felejteni ezeket a szavakat? Could you forget these words? Kitakartand (lennl szves kitakartani) a Would you clean your room? szobdat? Ismtls Az az ember, akit letartztattak, mg nem tett The man they have arrested has not co nfessed beismer vallomst. yet. Eltltk volna a foglyot, ha lett volna tbb They would have convicted the prisoner if bizonytk. there had been more evidence. Az agglegny, akirl beszlt, az egyik The bechelor she talked about was one of my rokonom volt. (lny) relatives. Az eskv napjn hihetetlenl meleg volt. The wedding-day was incredibl hot. - 382 -

 nem az a bodog asszony tbb, aki az She is not the happy woman she was on her eskvje napjn volt. wedding-day. A vlegny hossz ideje ismeri a The bridegroom has known the bride for a menyasszonyt. very long time. Sok szertatrs volt ezen a hten. There have been many services this week. Mirt tett eskt, hogy ntlen marad? Why has he sworn to stay single? Azok a jegyrk, melyeket mutattak, The wedding-rings we were shown were felhbortan drgk voltak. outrageously expensive. Nem fogok frjhez menni hozz. (lny) I am not noing to marry him. a legszebb menyasszony, akit valaha She is the most beautiful bride I have ever lttam. seen. Az asztalon lv knyvek a tieid. The books which are on the table are yours. Kiejtsi gyakorlat e e j happy wedding divorce engaged marriage guest corn outrageous bachelor relatives enormous rate man men dawn late hat when sworn gave - 383 -

28. Lecke Msodik rsz Olvasd el a prbeszdet Barbara: Speaking about crime you know that people have always said that cirme doesn t pay. John: But in some countries crime seems to be profitable because the criminals are not sufficiently punished. Barbara: I agree, and even if a prisoner is convicted of a crime, he often doesn t have to go to prison for a long time. John: How true it is. they say this is because the criminal didn t know what he was doing when he cimmitted the crime. Don t ask me how they know. Barbara: And if a prisoner s behaviour is good he is released. John: I think the only thing we can do to change this situation is to punish the peopl e who don t want to punish criminals. Mary: Of course there are happier things to talk about than crime, such as weddi ngs. Peter. Yes, just tell me please who isn t happy himself when he sees other people happy on their wedding-day. Mary: Even if you prefer to stay single you can imagine that this is a day they will never forget. Peter: We must hope that life will always bring us more to be happy about than t o be sad about. Fordtsd angolra ppen esett, amikor a renrrsre mentnk, hogy bejelentsk a betrst. Sok kegyetlen gyilkossgot kvettek el abban a hnapban. Azt mondta, hogy nem rzi biztonsgban majd magt, mg a gyilkost le nem tartztatjk. (fi) Ha lett volna idm, jelen lettem volna a szertartson. Erszakos bncselekmny volt, amivel megvdoltk. A frfi, akit szabadon bocsjtottak, nyilvnvalan megknnyebblt.

Az az v, amikor a termsnk tnkrement, tl szraz volt. nem az az amber, aki akkor volt, mikor elszr tallkoztunk. It was raining when we were going to the police-station to report the burglary. Many brutal murders were committed that month. He said that he woud not fell safe till the murderer was arrested. If I had had time I would have attended the service. The crime he was accused of was a violent one. The man who was released was obviously relieved. The year our crop failed was too dry. He is not the man he was when we first met. - 384 -

Kvettl el valaha gyorshajtst? Nem akarom kifizetni a brsgot, mert rtatlan vagyok. A zsarols nagyon jvedelmez bncselekmny. Az ris repl lenygoz volt. Megkrdeztem t, hogy a vallsos emberek mindig nyjasak? (fi) Azt mondta, nem ltta t a vls ta. (lny fit) Lopott dolgokat vsrolni trvnyellenes. Eskvn vesznk rsz a jv hten. Brcsak legnyember lennk ismt. Brmit teszel, ne ereszd el t. (fi) Ez olyasmi, ami bizonytkknt felhasznlhat Milyen rtatlannak ltszott a gyilkos! Biztos vagy abban, hogy a tolvaj a krnyken rejtzkdik? Have you ever been guilty of speeding? I don t want to pay the fine because I am innocent. Blackmail is a very profitable crime. The enormous plane looked impressive. I asked him if religious people were always gentle. She said she had not seen him since the divorce. Buying stolen things is against the law. We are attending a wedding next week. I wish I were a bachelor again. Whatever you do, don t release him. This is something that can be used as evidence. How innocent the murderer looked!

Are you sure the thiref is hiding in the surroundings? - 385 -

29. Lecke 29. Lecke Els rsz j szavak season szzn vszak, idny moment moumnt pillanat mindnight midnjt jfl noon nn dl fortnight frtnjt kt ht weekday ovkdj htkznap leap-year lp jir szkv century szencsri (v)szzad day before yesterday dj bifr jesztrdj tegnapeltt day after tomorrow dj ftr tmorou holnaputn past pszt (a) mlt future fjcsr jv, jvend Ms sorrendben past pszt (a) mlt noon nn dl season szzn vszak, idny day before yesterday dj bifr jesztrdj tegnapeltt fortnight frtnjt kt ht moment moumnt pillanat future fjcsr jv, jvend day after tomorrow dj ftr tmorou holnaputn mindnight midnjt jfl weekday ovkdj htkznap century szencsri (v)szzad leap-year lp jir szkv - 386 -

Gyakorlat What is the season you like the best? Melyik vszakot szereted a legjobban? Wait a moment. Vrj egy pillanatig! They came after midnight. jfl utn jttek. I ll be there at noon. Dlben ott leszek. She died a fortnight ago. Kt httel ezeltt halt meg. Monday is a weekday. Htf egy htkznap. This year is a leep-year. Ez az v szkv. This is the twentieth century. Ez a huszadik szzad. We met the day before yesterday. Tegnapeltt tallkoztunk. Wait till the day after tomorrow. Vrj holnaputnig! I like reading about the past. Szeretek a mltrl olvasni. What will the future bring us? Mit fog hozni szmunkra a jv? Egsztsd ki Sose fekszem le jfl eltt. I never go to bed before midnight. A baleset tegnapeltt trtnt. The accident happened the day before yesterday. Mirt vannak szkvek? Whay are there leap-years? A mltban minden jobb volt. Everything was better in the past. Dlben esett az es. It was raining at noon. A nyr az v legforrbb vszaka. Summer is the hottest season of the year. Nem ismerjk a jvt. We don t know the future. Holnaputn fognak hzassgot ktni. They will marry the day after tomorrow. A huszonegyedik szzad hamarosan The twenty-first century will start soon. megkezddik. Krem, egy pillantara! Just a moment, please. Htkznap minden nap dolgozol? Do you work on all weekdays? Kt ht mlva utaznak el. They are leaving in a fortnight. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt szkv leap-year pillanat moment tegnapeltt day before yesterday dl noon - 387 -

(a) mlt past kt ht fortnight jfl midnight (v)szzad century vszak, idny season holnaputn day after tomorrow A jelenidej mellknvi igenevet az angol nyelvben leggyakrabban az albbi pldamondatokhoz hasonl mondatokban hasznljuk: When I entered the room, I saw him at the Amikor belptem a szobba, meglttam t az table. asztalnl.

A mondat vastagon szedett rsze helyett, a mellkmondat rvdtsre hasznljuk a jelen idej mellknvi igenevet: Entering the room, I saw him at the table. A szobba lpve, meglttam t az asztalnl. Mind az entering igenvvel bevezetett mellkmondatban, mind a saw igt tartalmaz melllkmondatban I az alany. Gyakorlat When I opened the door, I saw the children int he room. Opening the door, I saw the children int he room. If they fire these people, they will make a mistake. Firing these people, they will make a mistake. Egsztsd ki Kinzve az ablakon, Mrk megltta ket. A hegyen llva, lttuk a tengert. Az autbuszra vrva ltta, hogy nagy volt a forgalom. Amikor kinyitottam az ajtt, megltta ma gyerekeket a szobban. Kinyitva az ajtt, meglttam a gyerekeket a szobban. Ha elbocstjk ezeket az embereket, hibt kvetnek el. Ezeknek az embereknek az elbocstsval hibt kvetnek el. Looking through the window, Mark saw them.

Standing on the mountain, we could see the sea. Waiting for the bus, she saw that there was a lot of traffic. - 388 -

Olvasva a levelet, nem hittem a szememnek. Hallgatva a zent, megfeledkezett az idrl. Hazafel autzva, hallotta a hreket a rdiban. Ltva a szobt Anna azt mondta, nem elg nagy. Szegny lvn, Jnos nem tudott j inget venni magnak. j szavak a.m. jem p.m. pem formerly frmrlione day ovn dj in (the) future in (dz) fjcsr Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet What do I have to do today, Jane? Reading the letter, I couldn t believe my eyes. Listening to the music, he forgott he time. Driving home, he heard the news ont he radio. Seeing the room, Anne said it wasn t larege enough. Being poor, John couldn t buy a new shirt for himself. dleltt, reggel (latinul: ante meridiem) dlutn, este (latunul: post meridiem) azeltt,rgebben, korbban egy (szp) nap(on) a jvben, ezutn At nine a.m. you have a meeting with the management. I remember. And at eight p.m. I have dinner with Peter. Yes, that s right. Today you have a lot to do between the meeting and the dinner. I think formerly I didn t have much work. No, you didn t. But recently it s changed. I hope I can have a holiday one day.

Yes, in the future, but not now. Fordtsuk le a fenti prbeszdet mondatonknt What do I have to do today, Jane? At nine a.m. you have a meeting with the management. I remember. Mi a tennivalm mra, Jane? Dleltt kilenckor rtekezlete lesz a vezetsggel. Emlkszem. - 389 -

And at eight p.m. I have dinner with Peter. Yes, that s right. Today you have a lot to do between the meeting and the dinner. I think formerly I didn t have much work. No, you didn t. But recently it s changed. I hope I can have a holiday one day. Yes, in the future, but not now. Egsztsd ki A munka reggel nyolckor kezddik. A jvben neki kell megrnia az sszes levelet. Dlutn hatkor az zletek bezrnak. Egy napon meg fogsz rteni engem. Rgebben nem volt sok aut. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt egy napon dlutn rgebben, azelttdleltt a jvben s este nyolckor Pterrel vacsorzom. Igen, gy van. Ma az artekezlet s a vacsora kztt sok teendje van. Azt hiszem, azeltt nem volt sok munkm. Valban nem. De az utbbi idben megvltozott. Remlem, egy napon el mehetek szabadsgra. Igen, a jvben, de nem most. Work starts at 8 a.m. She will have to write all letters in future. At 6 p.m. the shops are closed. One day you will understand me. Formerly there were not many cars.

one day p.m. formerly a.m. in (the) future Eddig a felszlt mdnak csak az egyes s a tbbes szm 2. szemly alakjaival ismerkedtnk meg. Az egyes s tbbes szm tbbi szemlyre vonatkoz felszltst a let [let] igvel kpezzk. Pl.: Let me do it! Let them invite us! Let her take the car! Let us finis hit now! Hadd csinljam n! Had hvjanak k meg bennnket! Had vigye az autt! Fejezzk be most! - 390 -

hagyni, engedni

let us

sszevont alakja let s [letsz], pl.: Let s go!

menjnk!

Gyakorlat Hadd felejtse el (azt) gyorsan! (fi) Vacsorzzunk ma otthon! Hadd kezdjenek meghallhatni bennnket! Hadd lssam! Legyen jobb ez a nap! let him forget about it fast! Let s have dinner at home today! Let them start listening tu us! Let me see it! Let this day be better! j igk to appear to disappear to describe to bury to leap tu pirtu diszpirtu diszkrjb tu beritu lp feltnni, megjelenni, jelentkezni eltnni lerni, lerst kszteni eltemetni, elni ugrani, szkellni a to leap ige rendhagy: leap lp leapt lept leapt lept Gyakorlat The car appeared behind the corner. Az aut eltnt a sarok mgtt. The shoplifter disappeared. Az bolti tolvaj eltnt. She described the thief to the policeman. Lerst adott a rendrnek a tolvajrl. Where have they buried him? Hova temettk el? The children leapt across the ditch. A gyerekek keresztl ugrottak az rkon. Egsztsd ki A nap eltnt a felhk mgtt. The sun has disappeared behind the clouds. Mikor jelentkezik ismt? When will he appear again? Tudsz lerst adni a betrrl? Can you describe the burglar? Mikor temetik el ezeket az embereket? When will these people be buried? A replgpek feltntek a tvolban. The aeroplanes appeared int he distance. Ugrs kzben (ugorva) kitrheted a lbad. Leaping you can break your leg. - 391 -

Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt eltemetni, elsni tu bury feltnni, jelentkezni to appear eltnni tu disappear lerni to describe ugrani to leap vszmok 1. A hrom szmjeggyel rt vszmokat az albbiak szerint olvassuk: 537 five hundred and thirty-seven 966 nine hundred and sixty-six 2. A ngy szmjeggyel, teljes vszzaddal rott vszmokat kt rszre osztjuk: az egyik csoportba a 10-99 vszmok, a msikba a hundred vagyis szz vgzds vszmok kerlnek, s azokat az albbiak szerint olvassuk: 1700 seventeen hundred ( tizenht szz ) 2000 twenty hundred ( hsz szz ) 3. A tbbi ngyjegy vszmot kt ktszmjegy tagra osztjuk s mint szmokat olvassuk, az albbiak szerint: 1995 nineteen ninety-five ( tizenkilenc kilencvent 1961 nineteen sixty-one ( tizennyolc hatvanegy ) 4. ha az vszmok szmjegyeinek harmadik helyn 0 nulla ll, azt oh [ou] olvassuk. 1806 eighteen oh six ( tizennyolc nulla hat ) Pldamondatok Our teacher was born in 1961 (nineteen sixty-A tanrunk 1961 one). I lived in England in 1953 (nineteen fifty-1953 three). Fordtsd angolra Az 753 ban trtnt. It happened in seven hundred and fifty-three. Ezt a hzat 1800 ban ptettk. This house was built in eighteen hundred. 1999 ben fogom befejezni az iskolt. In nineteen ninety-nine I will finish school. - 392 ben szletett. nak ejtve

ban Angliban laktam.

Ismtls Tegnapeltt az iskolba menet, meglltam Going to school the day before yesterday, I ennl a boltnl (a kzelben). stopped near this shop. Prbljuk meg dlben megcsinlni. Let s try to do it at noon. Kt ht mlva 1999 lesz. It will be nineteen ninety-nine in a fortnight. A nyr a legszebb vszak? Is summer the nicest season? Rgebben nem volt sok vros. Formerly there weren t many towns. Akratam mondani neki valamit, de eltnt. I wanted to tell him something but he disappeared. Belpve a hzba, felkapcsolta a vilgtst. Entering the house, he switched on the light. - 393 -

29. Lecke Msodik rsz j szavak absence ebsznsz tvollt, hinyzs birthday brtszdj szletsnap delay dilj kslekeds, kss display diszplj kijelz number nmbr szm, sorszm occasion kjzsn alkalom opportunity oprtjniti (kedvez) alkalom, lehetsg patience pjsnsz trelem presence preznsz jelenlt second hand szeknd hend msodpercmutat trip trip kirnduls, utazs word ovrd sz Ms sorrendben patience pjsnsz trelem second hand szeknd hend msodpercmutat delay dilj kslekeds, kss presence preznsz jelenlt occasion kjzsn alkalom trip trip kirnduls, utazs birthday brtszdj szletsnap opportunity oprtjniti (kedvez) alkalom, lehetsg display diszplj kijelz word ovrd sz number nmbr szm, sorszm absence ebsznsz tvollt, hinyzs - 394 -

Gyakorlat It was a nice trip. Kellemes kirnduls volt. There is a large number of hotels in that town. Szmos (nagy szm) hotel van abban a vrosban. My watch has a display. Az rmnak van kijelzje. This clock has a secondhand. Ennek az rnak van msodpercmutatja. Can I have a word with you? Beszlhetek veled? (Vlthatok veled nhny szt?) The train had a delay. A vonat ksett. I met her on the occasion of your birthday. A szletsnapod alkalmval tallkoztam vele. Today is her twenty-second birthday. Ma van a huszonkettedik szletsnapja. He is waiting for an opportunity. A kedvez alkalomra vr. Have a little patience! Legyen egy kis trelmed! I will do it during their absence. A tvolltk alatt fogom megcsinlni. You cannot say that in her presence. A jelenltben nem mondhatod ezt. A to have a word with somebody kifejezs jelentse beszlni (szt vltani) valakivel. Egsztsd ki Az eskvnk alkalmbl adta. She gave it on the occasion of our wedding. Ksbb volt egy msik lehetsgem. I had another opportunity later. A tvolltk riaszt volt. Their absence was alarming. A msodpercmutat hosszabb, mint a tbbiek. The second hand is longer than the others. Nem mondott egy szt sem. He didn t say a word. Szmos embert bocsjtottak el. A number of people were fired. Az utazsunk igen rvid volt. Our trip was only a short one. A kijelz szmokat mutat. The display shoows numbers. Nem voltak kssek. There were no delays. A szletsnapom kilencedikn van. My birthday is on the ninth. Gyakran elveszti a trelmt a gyerekeivel She often loses patience with her children . szemben. A jelenltedben rom meg a levelet. I ll write the letter in your presence. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt tvollt, hinyzs absence szletsnap birthday

- 395 -

trelem patience kss delay jelenlt presence sz word (kedvez) alkalom opportunity kirnduls trip kijelz display msodpercmutat second hand szm, sorszm number alkalom occasion Az elsttpus feltteles mondatot bevezethetjk az unless [nlesz] ktszval is, amelynek jelentse if not

ha (csak) nem; kivve, ha . Az unless ktszt if not jelentsben hasznlv

a mellkmondat lltmnyt mr nem tagadhatjuk, mivel az angolban nincs ketts tagads. Pl.: Ha nem jssz htkor, el If you don t come at 7 we will Unless you come at 7 we will fogunk ksni. be late. be late. Elkezdjk a munkt, ha nem We will start work if he We will start work unless he jelentkezik. doesn t appear. Gyakorlat Ha nem eszed meg az ebdet, nem megynk az llatkertbe. Hacsak nem esik az es, gyalog megynk. Ha nincs pnzed, adok klcsn. Fogok rni neki, kivve ha holnap levelet kapok. Hacsak nem mondod meg nekik, nem fogjk tudni, hogyan csinljk. j szavak second-hand szeknd hend occasionally kjzsnli actually ekcsulisharp srp digital didzsitl appears. Unless you eat your dinner we won t go to the zoo. Unless it rains we will go on foot. Unless you have money I will lend you. I will write to him unless I get a letter tomorrow.

Unless you tell them they won t know how to do it. hasznlt alkalmilag val(j)ban, tnylegesen les, pontos (idnl) digitlis - 396 -

to be fast tu b fszt sietni (ra esetben) to be slow tu b szlou ksni (ra esetben) Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet What a nice watch you have got! Oh, thanks. I occasionally bought a new watch. Is it digital? Yes, it is. But actually, it s not new. It s a second-hand watch. Does it keep sharp time? Oh, no. I wish it did. Now it s two minutes fast. Yesterday it was one minute slow . Fordtsuk le a fenti prbeszdet mondatonknt What a nice watch you have got! Oh, thanks. I occasionally bought a new watch. Is it digital? Yes, it is. But actually, it s not new. It s a second-hand watch. Does it keep sharp time? Oh, no. I wish it did. Now it s two minutes fast. Yesterday it was one minute slow. Egsztsd ki Ehhez egy les kre lesz szksged. Nha pnzt kell kivennnk. Nem szeret hasznlt dolgokat vsrolni. Az ra ismt ksik. A digitlis rk nem drgk. Az rjuk szinte soha nem siet. Nagyon fiatalnak n ki, de valjban 50 ves. Milyen szp rd van! , ksznm. Alkalmilag vettem egy j rt. Digitlis? Igen. De valjban nem j. Hasznlt ra. Pontosan jr? , nem. Brcsak pontos lenne. Most kt percet siet. Tegnap egy percet ksett. You ll need a sharp knife for this. We have to withdraw money occasionally. She doesn t like buying second-hand things. The clock is slow again.

Digital watches are not expensive. Their clock is hardly ever fast. He looks very young but he s actually 50. - 397 -

Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt ksni (ra) to be slow hasznlt second-hand les, pontos sharp alkalmilag occasionally sietni (ra) to be fast Mondatok, melyeknek kt trgy van kzvetlen kit? mit? kzvetett kinek? minek? Ha a kzvetett trgy (rszeshatroz) megelzi a kzvetlen trgyat, a mondat szrendje a kvetkez: She gave me a book. Adott nekem egy knyvet. A mondatban a trgyak helyt fel lehet cserlni, de ebben az esetben a kzvetett trgyat (rszeshatrozt) kpez fnv el a to elljrt kell tenni. She gave a book to me. Adott nekem egy knyvet. Fordtsd angolra a mondatokat mind kt szerkezettel Megmutatod nekem a szobdat? Will you show me your room? Will you show your room to me? Lertam nekik azt a balesetet. I have described them that accident. I have described that accident to them. Adj neki tbb kenyeret! Give him more bread! Give more bread to him! j igk to to to to to dial tu djl trcszni fix tu fiksz rgzteni, megersteni mend tu mend (meg)javtani, kijavtani ring tu rin(g) csengetni, csengeni strike tu sztrjk tni

- 398 -

Rendhagy igk ring rin(g) rang ren(g) rung rn(g) strike sztrjk struck sztrk struck strk Gyakorlat My watch will be mended tomorrow. Holnap megjavtjk az rmat. The clock struck twelwe. Az ra tizenkettt ttt. Have you fixed a date already? Rgztetted mr az idpontot? I dialled John s number. Jnos szmt trcsztam. The telephone has rung all afternoon. A telefon mr egsz dlutn cseng. Egsztd ki Az ra ppen ngyet ttt, amikor The clock was striking four when we came hazajttnk. home. Ki javtotta meg az rdat, Who has mended your watch? Rgztettk az eskv idpontjt. They fixed a date for the wedding. A j szmot trcszta? Has she dialled the right number? Csengettl mr nekik? Have you rung them yet? Add meg az igk angol megfeleljt trcszni to dial rgzteni to fix csengetni to ring megjavtani to mend tni to strike Ismtls A hivatalba menet slyos balesetet lttam. Walking to my office, I saw a serious accident. A szavait hallgatva nem llhattam meg, hogy Hearing his words, I couldn t help smili ng. ne mosolyogjak. Mivel vidken lt (Vidken lve), sose ltott Living in the country, she has never seen a korszer replteret. (lny) modern airport. Mivel kevs pnzt keresett (kevs pnzt Earning little money, he couldn t buy much. keresve), nem vsrolhatott sokat. (fi) A btorokat mostanban szltottk le. The furniture has recently been delivered. Egy napon nem lesz sok trelmem hozzjuk. One day I will not have much patience with them. - 399 -

A trgyalsok 1999-ben lesznek. The negotiations will be in nineteen ninety nine. Hacsak nem rod meg ezt a levelet, nem Unless you write this letter we won t go for a megynk stlni. walk. Az rm mindig ksik. My watch is always slow. Nem adom nekik ezt a pnzt. I won t give them this money. I won t give this money to them. Hadd vegyen nagyon sok j poharat. (fi) Let him buy a big number of new glasses. Kiejtsi gyakorlat i j leap noon fix display season soon ring patience mean moon bring occasion seen food sing day green spoon digital raise - 400 -

30. Lecke 30. Lecke Els rsz j szavak answer nszr vlasz appearance opirnsz megjelens, jelentkezs attempt tempt ksrlet, prba collection kleksn gyjts, gyjtemny environment invjrnmnt krnyezet habit hebit szoks headline hedljn fcm history hisztri trtnelem morning paper mrnin(g) pjpr reggeli jsg promise promisz gret subject szbdzsikt trgy, tma subscription szbszkripsn elfizets Ms sorrendben headline hedljn fcm history hisztri trtnelem environment invjrnmnt krnyezet subscription szbszkripsn elfizets collection kleksn gyjts, gyjtemny attempt tempt ksrlet, prba morning paper mrnin(g) pjpr reggeli jsg answer nszr vlasz promise promisz gret appearance opirnsz megjelens, jelentkezs habit hebit szoks subject szbdzsikt trgy, tma - 401 -

Gyakorlat She gave me no answer. Nem vlaszolt. We learn from history. A trtnelembl tanulunk. I like reading about that subject. Szeretek arrl a tmrl olvasni. The attempt was useless. A ksrlet hasztalan volt. It is his habit to have a late breakfast. Az a szoksa, hogy ksn reggelizik. We have to clean up our environment. Meg kell tiszttanunk a krnyezetnket. Do you want to see my stamp-collection? Akarod ltni a blyeg-gyjtemnyemet? Their appearance excited u. A megjelensk felizgatott bennnket. You have to keep your promise. Meg kell tartanod az gretedet. The news is in the morning papers. A hr a reggeli jsgokban van. I read only the headlines. Csak a fcmeket olvasom. He has had a subscription for many years. Sok ve van elfizetse. Egsztsd ki A krnyezetnk nagyon fontos. Our environment is very important. A msodik ksrlete is sikertelen volt. Also his second attempt failed. Azt gondoltad, hogy a trtnelem kellemes Did you think history was a nice supject a t tantrgy volt az iskolban? school? Az elfizets olcsbb. The supbcription is cheaper. Mindig a reggeli lapot olvasom. I always read the morning paper. Lenygz gyjtemnyk van. Tehy have an impressive collection. Ezek rossz szoksok. These are bad habits. Nem tudja a vlaszt. He doesn t know the answer. Ne grj tl sokat! Don t give too many promises. A megjelense ololyra ksztetett bennket. His appearance made us smile. Elolvastad a fcmeket? Have you read teh headlines? Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt reggeli jsg morning paper ksrlet attempt megjelens appearance fcm headline gret promise - 402 -

elfizets subscription vlasz answer trgy, tma supject szoks habit krnyezet environment gyjts, gyjtemny collection trtnelem history A time sz egyik jelentse gy two times. szor, -szer, szr. Azt azonban nem monduk, hogy one time, va

Ehelyett, rendhagy mdon, az egyszer

once [ovnsz], ktszer

twice [tovjsz]

szmneveket hasznljuk. Ezutn visszall a szmnevek szablyos kpzse: three times, four times stb. Gyakorlat tszr olvastam el ezt a knyvet. I have read this book five times. Egyszer tallkoztam vele. (fi) I have met him once. Ktszer gondold meg, mieltt valamit Think twice before you say something. mondasz! Mr hromszor vesztettem el a kulcsokat. I have lost the keys three times already. j szavak s kifejezsek just in time dzsszt in tjm ppen jkor, ppen idben in the meantime in dz mntjm idkzben, ezalatt wait a minute ovjt minit vrj(on) egy kicsit/percig) plenty of time plenti ov tjm rengeteg id Gyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet There is an interesting film on at the cinema today. What time does it start? At eight. We have plenty of time. In the meantime we can do some shopping. Certainly. It s six now. We ll do the shopping and get to the cinema just in time. Wait a minute! I ve forgotten we have no money! We can t buy anything. - 403 -

Fordtsuk le a fenti prbeszdet mondatonknt There is an interesting film on at the cinema rdekes film megy ma a moziban. today. What time does it start? Mikor kezddik? At eight. Nyolckor. We have plenty of time. Rengeteg idnk van. In the meantime we can do some shopping. Ezalatt vsrolhatunk egy keveset. Certainly. Honyne. It s six now. Most hat ra van. We ll do the shopping and get to the cinema Bevsrolunk s ppen idben rkeznk a just in time. moziba. Wait a minute! Vrj csak! I ve forgotten we have no money! Elfelejtettem, hogy egyltaln nincs pnznk! We can t buy anything. Nem tudunk vsrolni. Egsztsd ki Vrj csak, s a jegyeid? Wait a miunte, and your tickets? ppen idben rtnk oda, hogy lssuk az We were just in time to see their departure. elindulsukat (elutazsukat). Rengeteg id volt a knyv visszaadsra. There was plenty of time to return the book. Idkzben takartsd ki a szobd! In the meantime clean your room. Add meg a kifejezsek angol megfeleljt vrj egy kicsit wait a minute idkzben in the meantime ppen jkr, ppen idben just in time rengeteg id plenty of time A daily, weekly mellknevek mellett, melyeket hatrozknt is hasznlhatunk, tbb olyan mellknv is van, amelyek vgzdse ly. Pl.: lovelyfatherlysillyfriendly lvli fdzrli szili frendli bjos, szp atyai ostoba, buta bartsgos, kedves - 404 -

Ha egy

ly vgzds mellknvbl hatrozt akarunk kpezni, ezt nem tehetjk meg egy

ujabb ly vgzds hozzillesztsvel. Ilyenkor hatrozt csak krlrssal, szkapcsolat segtsgvel kpezhetnk. in a lovely way in in a fatherly manner in a silly manner in in a friendly way in Fordtsd angolra lvli ovj bjosan, szpen in fdzrli menr atyaian, apai mdon szili menr butn, buta mdon frendli ovj bartsgosan

Ne tedd azt buta mdon (butn)! Bartsgosan beszltek hozznk. Bjosan tud nekelni. A fivrem mindig atyai mdon beszl velem. j igk to waste tu ovjsztto suceed (in) tu szkszd to pollute tu plt to neglect tu niglektto subscribe (to) to szbszkrjb Don t do it in a silly manner! They talked to us in a friendly way. She can sing in a lovely way. My brother always speaks to me in a fatherly manner. elpazarolni, elvesztegetni sikerlni (vmit megtenni) (be)szennyezni, megfertzni elhanyagolni, elmulasztani elfizetni (valamire) A to succeed igt a kvetkez szerkezetekben is hasznljuk: to succed in + az ige ing vgzdssel sikerlni vmit megtennie. I succeeded in Sikerlt (vmit megtennem) She succeeded in mending her car. Sikerlt megjavtania az autjt. Gyakorlat You have wasted a lot of water. Sok vizet pazaroltl el. She has not succeeded in doing this. Nem sikerlt megcsinlnia (ezt). This river is heavily polluted. Ez a foly ersen szennyezett. They neglected their cats. Elhanyagoltk a macskikat. I have subscribed to a morning paper. Elfizettem egy reggeli jsgra. - 405 -

Egsztsd ki Nem sikerlt idben visszarnnk. Fl rt vesztettek a beszlgetssel. Erre az jsgra fizetett el. Ezeket a gyerekeket ekig elhanyagoltk. Ez a t mg nem szennyezett. Add meg az igk angol megfeleljt elfizetni vmire elhanyagolni(be)szennyezni sikerlni (vkinek vmi) elpazarolni, vesztegetni We have not succeeded in returning in time. They wasted half an hour on talking. He has subscribed to this paper. These children have been neglected for years. This lake is not polluted yet. to to to to to subscribe to negleet pollute succeed waste

Ha az angol mondatnak kt trgya van, szenved szerkezetben brmelyikk lehet a mondat alanya. Pl.: He showed me his garden. I was shown his garden. His garden was shown to me. Megmutatta nekem a kertjt. Megmutattk nekem a kertjt. A kertjt megmutattk nekem. A kvetkez mondatokat szerkezd meg mindkt mdon They sent him a letter. (fi) He was sent a letter. a letter was sent to him. He won t give you the money. You won t be given the money. the money won t be given to you. He described the accident to us. We were described the accident. the accident was described to us. A jelen idej mellknvi igeneves szerkezettel, sszetett mondat esetn, a korltoz rtelm vonatkoz mellkmondatot helyettesthetjk. Pl.: A man who lives in this street was injured in Egy frfi, aki ebben az utcban lakik,

tegnap an accident yesterday. megsrlt egy balesetben. - 406 -

A mondat szerkezete a vonatkoz nvms helyettestse utn: A man living in this street was injured in an Egy ebben az utcban lak ember megsrlt accident yesterday. egy balesetben tegnap. Az gy tszerkesztett mondat nem kezddhet a jelen idej mellknvi igenvvel. Gyakorlat Az asztalon fekv toll az enym. The pen lying on the table is mine. Az amott stl n titkrn. The woman walking there is a secretary. A falunkba ltogat emberek Anglibl valk. The people visiting our village are from Ki azok az ott l emberek? Ismered azt az embert, aki hozznk jn? Az ezeket a szerszmokat hasznl emberek nagyon elgedettek. Az itt fgg festmnyeket el fogjk adni. Mindig nagyon sok ember van, akit itt tlti a szabadsgt. Voltak narancsot s szlt rust emberek. Azok, akik tbb informcit akarnak, t utn visszajhetnek. Ismtls Mire fizettl el? Ktszer krtem arra, hogy csendben menjen el (lny). Atyaian beszlt hozznk. Az emberek, akik aklsejket elhanyagoljk, azt hiszk, nem fontos, hogy jl nzzenek ki. Az erdkben l llatok elegend lelmet tallhatnak. Vrj csak, nem hagytak el az esernydet? Kt filmet mutattak neknk. Csak egyszer fogom mondani. Bartsgosan beszlgettek. ppen idben rkezett; nem kellett vrnunk. England.

Who are the people sitting there? Do you know the man coming to us? The people using these tools are very satisfied. The picture hanging here will be sold. There are always many people spending their holidays here. There were people selling oranges and grapes. People wanting more information can return after five. What have you subscribed to? I have asked her twice to leave quietly. He spoke to us in a fatherly way. People meglecting their appearance think it is not important to look good. Animals living in the woods can find enough food. Wait a minute, haven t you left your umbrella? We were shown two films. I will say it only once. They were talking in a friendly manner. He came just in time; we didn t have to wait. - 407 -

Kiejtsi Gyakorlat e e au neglect habit sharp sound spend can hard house mend man dark our met hand ask found set land arm out - 408 -

30. Lecke Msodik rsz Olvasd el a prbeszdet Barbara: John! Clever people say time is an improtant thing in our lives. John: Of course. To do the things we have to do we need time. Barbara: When there is too little time we cannot do things as well as we want to do them. John: Yes, but there are people who always know what to do with the time. Barbara: You are so right. They go for a walk or read a book or make all kinds o f things that are useful or beautiful. John: Sometimes they sell these things, which is their way of showing that time is really money. Mary: What John was saying was true. But don t other people feel bad when there is nothing for them to do, or at least they think there is nothing? Peter: Yes, I think so. Usually these people are wasting their time or choose to listen to the radio or to watch television. Mary: And these people are very happy when friends come to visit them so they can talk about the news or whatever is worth talking about. Barbara: Wouldn t it be difficult to say which of these is the better way of spend ing time? Tom: Well, it s hard to say. We are always ready to say taht we are doing things t he right way and other people are not. Barbara: But how can we be sure? Tom: It is a good thing that we are all different. Fordtsd angolra Olvasva a reggeli lapot, arra az gretre Reading the morning paper, I thought of th e gondoltam, amit korbban tettem. promise I had made. Felhzva a cipzrat a kabtomon, gyorsan Zipping up my coat, I left the house in a elhagytam a hzat. hurry. A replgp dlutn hromkor indul. The aeroplane leaves at 3 p.m. Ktszer trcszta a szmukat. (lny) She has dialled their number twice. Butn nekelte a dalt. (lny) She sang the song in a silly manner. Lttunk egy embert, akinek nem volt haj a We saw a man having no hair on his head.

fejn. A haj kt hete szenvedett hajtrst. The ship was wrecked a frotnight ago. Ez az az ablak, amelyen keresztl a betr

This is the window through which the burglar eltnt. disappeared. - 409 -

Nha megengedtk neki, hogy korn elmenjen. (lny) Ktszer volt kss. A jvben nem vesztegetjk el az idt. Hny szkv van egy vszzadban? Ma menjnk moziba! A jelenltk szksgtelen. Nhny ember azt gondolja, hogy rengeteg id van a Fld szennyezst abbahagyni. Melyik trgyakat szertted a legjobban az iskolban. A mltban sok dolog olcsbb volt. Pontban nyolc rakor ott kell lenned. ppen idben kapta meg a levelet. (lny) Idkzben rgztjk az idpontot. Sikerlt a munkt befejeznnk jfl eltt. Az autk szennyezik a krnyezetet. A jvben tbb lehetsg lesz. Nhny embernek furcsa szoksai vannak. Sok stt szemveget visel embert lttam. Megltogatta a nvrt a szletsnapja alkalmbl. (fi) Jobb llst grtek nekem. She was occasionally permitted to leave early. There was a delay twice. In future no time will be wasted. How many leap-years are there in a century? Let s go to the cinema today. Their presence is not necessary. Some people think there is plenty of time to stop polluting the Earn. What subjects did you like the best at school? In the past many things were cheaper. You ll have to be there at eight o clock sharp. She got the letter just in time. In the meantime we ll fix a date. We succeeded in finishing the work before midnight. Cars pollute the environment. There will be more opportunities in the future. Some people have strange habits.

I saw many people wearing dark glasses. He visited his sister on the occasion of her birthday. A better job was promised to me. - 410 -

31. Lecke 31. Lecke Els rsz j szavak matter metr gy, dolog fact fekt tny object obdzsikt trgy, cl idea jdi tlet, gondolat peace psz bke solider szoldzsr katona war ovr hbor mistake misztjk hiba complaint kmpljnt panasz, rekalmci, kifogs incident inszidnt vratlan esemny, incidens space szpjsz r, tr space travel szpjsz trevl rutazs luggage lgidzs poggysz, csomag Ms sorrendben peace psz bke object obdzsikt trgy, cl luggage lgidzs poggysz, csomag matter metr gy, dolog incident inszidnt vratlan esemny, incidens idea jdi tlet, gondolat fact fekt tny space travel szpjsz trevl rutazs war ovr hbor mistake misztjk hiba space szpjsz r, tr complaint kmpljnt panasz, rekalmci, kifogs solider szoldzsr katona - 411 -

Gyakorlat We don t know everything about this matter Mg nem tudunk mindenterrl az gyrl. yet. The facts are alarming. A tnyek riasztak. They saw a strange objecet in the sky. Egy furcsa trgyat lttak az gen. These ideas are not new. Ezek a gondolatok nem jak. How longd do we have to wait for peace? Menyit kell mg vrnunk a bkre? What do you know about the war? Mit tudsz a hborrl? This solider has made a serious mistake. Ez a katona komoly hibt vtett. You can return it if there are complaints. Visszahozhatja, ha kifogsok vannak. The incident was in all the papers. Az incidens minden jsgban benne volt. Is there enough space for our furniture? Van elg hely a btorainknak? Space travel started in 1957. Az rutazs 1957-ben kezddtt. Is that luggage yours? Ez a poggysz a tid? Egsztsd ki Sokat olvastam arrl a hborrl. I have read much about that war. A trgyalsok meghozzk a bkt? Will the negotiations bring peace? Nehz megrteni azokat az tleteket. Those ideas are difficult to understand. Az a clunk, hogy olyan gyorsan kapjunk Our object is to get a raise as soon as po ssible. fizetsemelst, amilyen gyorsan csak lehet. Prbld beszerezni az sszes tnyt! Try to get all the facts. Nem foglalkozhat sokig ezzel az ggyel. He cannot spend much time on this matter. Szeretek poggysz nlkl utazni. I like travelling without any luggage. Veszlyes az rutazs? Is space travel dangerous? Az r hihetetlenl hatalmas. Space is incredibly vast. Ezek a vratlan esemnyek rendszeresen Do these incidents happen regularly? megtrtnnek? Ezekre a kifogsokra rdemes odafigyelni. These complaints are worth listening to. Ktszer kvetted el ugyanazt a hibt. You have made the same mistake twice. A katonk felkszltek a harcra. The soliders are ready for the fight. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt vratlan esemny incident hiba mistake - 412 -

bke peace hbor war gy, dolog matter katona solider r space panasz, kifogs complaint cl, trgy object tlet, gondolat idea tny fact csomag, poggysz luggage A must kell segdige tagad alakja:

1. Ha a segdighez hozzillesztjk a not tagadszt, megkapjuk a must not alakot (sszevonva mustn t [msztnt]), amelynek jelentse tilos, nem szabad. Pl.: She mustn t smoke. Neki tilos dohnyoznia. You mustn t talk here. Itt nem szabad beszlned. 2. A nem kell tagad alakon a needn t [nidn t] sszevont igealakkal fejezzk ki. Pl.: You needn t read all these books. Nem kell elolvasnod ezt az sszes knyvet. She needn t worry about it. Nem kell aggdina emiatt. Egsztsd ki Nem kell odamennnk. We needn t go there. Mirt tilos idejnnm? Why mustn t go here? Ezt a hibt nem szabad elkvetnnk. We mustn t make this mistake. Nem kell a kifogsaidra figyelnem. I needn t listen to your complaints. Nem szabad itt hagynod a poggyszodat. You mustn t leave your luggage here. Ez a hr nem felttlenl tny. This news needn t be facts. j szavak objective bdzsektiv trgyilagos, elgfogulatlan decisive diszjszv dnt - 413 -

urgent rdzsnt srgs concrete konkrt vals, konkrt, kzzel foghat abstract ebsztrekt elvont, absztrakt peaceful pszfl bks, csendes, nyugdt. presently prezntli mindjrt, rgtn. Gyakorlat Can you talk about this objectively? Tudsz trgyilagosan beszlni errl? Tomorrow will be the decisive day. Holnap lesz a dnt nap. This is a very urgent matter. Ez nagyon srgs gy. Is there concrete information? Van konkrt informci? I don t like abstract subject Nem szeretem az elvont tmkat. The surroundings are very peaceful. A krnyk nagyon csendes. We ll starta it presently. Rgtn megkezdjk. Egsztsd ki Elvont gondolatokat nehz megrteni. Abstract ideas are difficult to understand. Srgsen szksgnk van tbb mtrgyra. We urgently need more fertilizer. Ezt elfogulatlanul kell bemutatni. It has to be shown in an objective. Mindjrt befejezzk. We ll finish it presently. Bks vidken lnek. They live in a peaceful region. Az asztal az egy kzzelfoghat dolog. A table is a concrete object. Nehz trgyilagosnak lenni ebben az gyben. It is a difficult to be objective in this matter. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt. kzzel foghat, konkrt concrete dnt decisive bks, nyugodt peaceful rgtn presently elvont abstract srgs urgent trgyilagos objective. - 414 -

j igk to matter tu metr to notice tu noutiszto complain tu kmpljn to agree tu grto disagree tu diszgr to decide tu diszjdGyakorlat Olvasd el a prbeszdet szmtani, lnyegesnek lenni megfigyelni, szrevenni panaszkodni egyetrteni, beleegyezni ellenkezni, egyet nem rteni elhatrozni, eldnteni Peter, Jane complains that you forbid her everything. Really? I haven t noticed. She wanted to go on holiday with her friends and you didn t agree. I think I was right. But does it matter? Yes, it does. You didn t even tell her why you disagreed. Now you are right. Next time when I decide to forbid her something I ll explain wh y. Fordtsuk le a fenti prbeszdet mondatonknt Peter, Jane complains that you forbid her everything. Really? I haven t noticed. She wanted to go on holiday with her friends and you didn t agree. I think I was right. But does it matter? Yes, it does. You didn t even tell her why you disagreed. Now you are right. Next time when I decide to forbid her something I ll explain why. Pter, Jane panaszkodik, hogy mindent megtiltasz neki. Valban? Nem vettem szre. Szabadsgra akart menni a bartaival, de te nem egyeztl bele. Azt hiszem nem volt igazam. De szmt ez? Igen. Mg csak meg sem mondtad neki, mirt

ellenezted. Ebben igazad van. Legkzelebb, ha elhatrozom, hogy valamit megtiltok neki, majd megmagyarzom, mirt tettem. - 415 -

Egsztsd ki Sokat szmtott nekem. It mattered a lot to me. Megfigyelted, hogy tl sokat ivott? Have you noticed that he has drunk too much? Panaszkodtak a hsgre. They complained of the heat. Tudom, hogy nem rtenek egyet. I know they don t agree. Ebben a tmban nem rtettnk egyet. We disagreed on that matter. gy dntttnk, hogy nem vrjuk meg ket. We decided not to wait for them. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt egyetrteni beleegyezni to agree elhatrozni to deide panaszkodni to complain megfigyelni, szrevenni to notice szmtani to matter ellenkezni to disagree Ha azt akarjuk, hogy valaki ne tegyen meg valamit, akkor a not tagadszt hasznljuk a let ige utn. Pl.: Let s not agree. Ne rtsnk egyet! Let them not decide themselves. Hadd ne k dntsenek maguk! Fordtsd angolra Hadd ne kvesse el ezt a hibt! (lny) Let her not make this mistake. Ne vigyk magunkkal a poggyszt! Let s not take the luggage with us. Hadd ne beszljen a hborrl egsz id alatt! Let him not talk about the war all the time. Ismtls Ez az incidens nem trtnhet meg ismt. This incident mustn t happen again. Az rutazs izgalmas tma. Space travel is an exciting subject. Nem kell erre az gyre gondolnod. You needn t think about this matter. Hadd mondja el az tlett neknk! (fi) Let him tell us about his idea. szrevetted ezt a zld kalapos embert? Have you noticed this man in a green hat? - 416 -

Nem dnthetsz anlkl, hogy Jane-nel You mustn t decide without talking to jane. beszlnl. Nem szmt. It doesn t matter. Hadd ne panaszkodjanak! Let them not complain. Nem kell most beleegyeznnk. We needn t agree now. - 417 -

31. Lecke Msodik rsz j szavak army rmi hadsereg, hader navy njvi haditengerszet air force er frsz lgier civilian sziviljn polgri szemly, civil trench trencs rok, lvszrok weapon ovepn fegyer enemy enmi ellensg ally elj szvetsges catridge krtidzs tltny, patron atom-bomb etm bom atombomba battle betl csata, tkzet submarine szbmrn tengeralattjr Ms sorrendben enemy enmi ellensg ally elj szvetsges battle betl csata, tkzet navy njvi haditengerszet catridge krtidzs tltny, patron submarine szbmrn tengeralattjr army rmi hadsereg, hader atom-bomb etm bom atombomba air force er frsz lgier weapon ovepn fegyer trench trencs rok, lvszrok civilian sziviljn polgri szemly, civil - 418 -

Gyakorlat This country has a small army. Ennek az orszgnak kis hadserege van. In a war the air forces are often decisive. Hborban a lgier gyakran dnt. Many civilians were killed. Sok polgri szemlyt megltek. The soliders had to dig trenches. A katonknak lvszrkokat kellett sniuk. Our weapons are not modern enough. A fegyvereink nem elg korszerek. We have no information on the enemy. Nincs semmi informcink az ellensgrl. Our allies were too late to help us. A szvetsgeseink tlsgosan elkstek, hogy segtsenek neknk. These are bad cartridges. Ezek rossz tltnyek. Was it necessary to us the atom-bomb? Szksges volt atombombt alkalmazni? Their navy has no submarines. A haditengerszetnknek nincsenek tengeralattjri. Egsztsd ki Van elg tltny? Are there enough cartridges? Az ellensgnek korszer repli vannak. The enemy has modern planes. A lvszrkok elg mlyek. The trenches are deep enough. A szvetsgeseink tmogatnak bennnket. Our allies support us. Sok civil elhagyja a vrost. Many civilians are leaving the town. Az tkzet egy htig folytatdott. The battle has continued for a week. A legjabb fegyvereket hasznljuk. We are using the latest weapons. Az atombombt a szvetsgesnk alkalmazta. The atom-bomb was used by our ally. A fivrem a lgernl van. My brother is in the air force. A hadseregnek sok zemanyagra van The army needs a lot of petrol. szksge. Nhny orszgnak noncs haditengerszete. Some countries haven t got a navy. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt lgier air force fegyer weapon tltny cartridge. tengeralattjr submarine csata, tkzet battle szvetsges ally - 419 -

civil civilian haditengerszet navy atombomba atom-bomb hadsereg army rok, lvszrok trench Tovbbi ismeretek a dtumokkal kapcsolatban Figyeld meg a pldamondatokat In the forties there were many battles. A negyvenes vekben sok tkzet volt. szrevehetted, hogy olyan kifejezseket, mint pl.: a negyvenes vek, tvenes vek stb. a hatrozott nvel s egy es vgzdssel elltott szmnv sszekapcsollsval kpezzk. es vgzdg.

Ne felejtsd, hogy a szvgi y -i betre vltozik, s ezt kveti az Pl.: The fifties az tvenes vek The sixties a hatvanas vek Az ilyen kifejezseket szmokkal a kvetkezkppen rhatjuk le: the 80s the eighties a nyolcvanas vek the 20s the twenties a huszas vek

Ha hangslyozni akarjuk az vszzadot, a drumot a kvetkezkppen rjuk le: the 1830s the eighteen thirties az ezernyolcszzharmincas vek. the 1970s the nineteen seventies az ezerkilencszzhetvenes vek Gyakorlat A hbor az ezerkilencszzharmincas The war started in the 1930s (nineteen vekben kezddtt. thirties). Mria a hatvanas vekben szletett. Mary was born in the 60s (sixties). Ezt a hzat az ezerhtszzkilencvenes This house was born in the 1790s (siventeen vekben ptettk. nineties). Az ezerkilencszznegyvenes vekben kevs In the 1940s (nineteen forties) there were fe w aut volt Magyarorszgon. cars in Hungary. - 420 -

j szavak tactical tektikl harcszati, taktikai civilian sziviljn civil, polgri nuclear njklir nukleris live ljv l, les naval njvl (hadi)tengerszeti armoured rmrd pnclozott Gyakorlat The enemy made a tactical mistake. Az ellensg taktikai hibt vtett. Also civilian planes are used. Polgri replgpeket is alkalmaznak. Nuclear weapons are enormously dangerous. A nukleris fegyverek roppant veszlyesek. The police were using live cartridges. A rendrk les tltnyeket hasznltak. Naval planes are important in a modern war. A haditengerszeti replgpek fontosak a korszer hborban. Theri planes are only lightly armoured. A replgpeik csak knny pnclzattal elltottak. Egsztsd ki Az ellensgnek kt nukleris tegeralattjrja The enemy has two nuclear submarines. van. A harcszati replk ltallban nem tl The tactical planes are usually not very big. nagyok. Nem knny dolog pnclozott replgpet It is not easy to damage an armoured plane. megronglni. Ezek a gyerekek les lvedket talltak. Live cartridges have been found by these children. A tengeri tkzet dnt volt. The naval battle was decisive. A katonk polgri ruht viseltek. The soliders were wearing civilian clothes Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt (hadi)tengerszeti naval polgri, civil civilian nukleris nuclear harcszati, taktikai tactical - 421 -

pnclozott armoured l, les live Mr megtanultuk a one sz hasznlatt, amelyet egy elzleg mr emltett fnv helyett hasznlunk. Az one szcskt nem hasznljuk elzleg mr megemltett fnv helyettestsre, ha az own nvmst is alkalmazzuk a mondatban. Pl.: I won t give you my pen; use your own. He doesn t need your car. He has his own. We never buy vegetables we grow our own. j igk to to to to to fight tu fjt surrender tu szrendrto join tu dzsojn arm tu rm fire at tu fjr et sink tu szin(g)k

Rendhagy igk I. alak II. alak fight fjt fought sink szin(g)k sank Gyakorlat This country has fought many wars. The enemy soon surendered. He has joined his army, we have joined our own. They armed themselves with knives; they had their own. They have fired at us occasionally. Nem adom oda a tollamat; hasznld a sajtodat! Nincs szksge az autdra, van sajtja. Soha nem vesznk zldsget. Sajt magunk termesztnk. harcolni

megadni, feladni csatlakozni, belpni, egyeslni felfegyvezeni, fegyverezni rlni vkire elslyedni, elsllyeszteni III. alak ft fought ft (g)k (g)k szensunk szn Ez az orszg sok hborban harcolt. Az ellensg rvidesen megadta magt. Belpett a hadseregbe, mi a sajtunkhoz csatlakoztunk. k kssel fegyvereztk fel magukat; nekik megvolt a sajtjuk. Nha lttek rnk. - 422 -

The submarine sank five ships in two days. A tengeralattjr t hajt slyesztett el kt nap alatt. We fought in vain. Hiba harcoltunk. Our allies have surrendered. A szvetsgeseink megadtk magukat. Are our soliders sifficiently armed? A katonink megfelelen vannak felfegyverezve? We fired at the enemy planes, not at our own. Az ellensges relkre lttnk, nem a sajtjainkra. They have sunk too many of our ships Tl sok hajnkat elsllyesztettek mr. already. Egsztsd ki Abbahagyjuk a harcot, amint az ellensg We will stop fighting as soon as the enemy

megadja magt. surrenders. Egy ht elteltvel csatlakozott a felesghez After a week he joined his wife in London. Londonban. jflkor elsllyesztettnk egy hajt. We sank a ship at midnight. Soha nem lttem senkire. I have never fired at anybody. A relk nagyon fel vannak fegyverezve. The planes are havily armed. Az utols emberig fogunk harcolni. We will fight to the last man. Harc nlkl megadtk magukat. They surrendered without fighting. A kt hadsereg egyeslt az tkzet eltt. The two armies joined before the battle. Hny hajt szllyesztettek el ezen a hten? How many ships have been sunk this week. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt rlni (vkire) to fire (at) csatlakozni, egyeslni to join elsllyedni to sink fefegyverezni tu arm harcolni to fight megadni, feladni to surrender - 423 -

Tovbbi olyan esetek, amelyekben a one szt elhagyhatjuk: 1. Tszmnevek utn: Pl.: I have three chairs and she has five. She bought two coats and stole three. 2. Ragos birtokos szerkezet utn: Pl.: This bicycle is not so expensive as John s. It was not her mistake, but her sister s. Nekem hrom skem van, neki t. Vett kt kabtot s ellopott hrmat. Ez a kerkpr nem olyan drga, mint Jnos. Nem az hibja volt, hanem a nvr. 3. A some, any, these, those nvmsok utn: Pl.: If you want cigarettes, I can give you some. Ha ccigarettt akarsz, adhatok nhnyat ( neked). He was looking for cheap curtains, but he didn t see any. 4. a mellknv fels foka utn: Pl.: Of al the cars we have, this is the fastest. Of ll the flowers I have seen today, these are the most beautiful. Gyakorlat Az autja nem olyan gyors, mint Mri. (fi) Olcs fggnyket keresett, de nem ltott egyet sem. Valamennyi atunk kzl ez a leggyorsabb. Az sszes virg kzl, amit ma lttam, ezek a legszebbek. His car is not so/as fast as Mary s. Mi kt hajt vsroltunk, k pedig tt vettek. We bought two ships and they bought five. Nekem megvan a sajt szobm s neki is (megvan) a sajtja. (fi) Az felesge a legszebb. (fi) Neknk kt gyereknk van, a szomszdainknak t.

Nekem nem kell pnzt klcsnvennem, van sajtom. Jnos szlei idsebbek, mint Mri. Ez a fi a legmagasabb. I have my own room and he has his own. His wife is the most beautiful. We have two children and our neighbours have five. I needn t borrow any money; I have my own. John s parents are older than Mary s. This boy is the tallest. - 424 -

Ismtls Amikor szrevettk, hogy sttedik, csatlakoztunk a szvetsgesinkhez. Nem kellenek a haditengerszetk tengeralattjri; (neknk) van sajtunk. kt hibt kvetett el, de te hatot. (fi) Az ellensg fegyverei nem korszerek. A vsrlk kifogsaira rdemes odafigyelni. Hamarosan elfradtam, mert a csomagom nehz volt. Tilos elvenned. Az ezerkilencszzhuszas vekben kis hadseregnk volt. Nem kell (azt) ma megtenned. Elhatroztk, hgoy bevetik az atombombt. Kiejtsi gyakorlat e j weapon navytrench naval bed mistake enemy spaceleft lake When we noticed it was getting dark, we joined our allies. We don t need the submarines of their navy; we have our own. He made two mistkers, but you made six. The weapons of the enemy are not modern. The complaints of the customers are worth listening. To. I soon got tired because my luggage was heavy. You mustn t take it. In the 1920s (nineteen twenties) we had a small army. You needn t do it today. They have decided to use the atom-bomb.

j decide army live arm decisive cartridge fire armoured fight car - 425 -

32 Lecke 32. Lecke Els rsz rifle rjfl puska tank ten(g)k harckocsi, tank aircraft erkrft replgp, perlgpek aircraft carrier erkrft kerir replgphordoz anti-aircraft gun nti erkrft gn lvdelmi gy ammunition amjunisn lszer target trgit cl, clpont casualties kezsjultiz veszetsg, hallos ldozatok measures mezsrz intzkedsek, rendszablyok bomber bomr bombz fighter fjtr harcigp attack tek tmads, roham Ms sorrendben aircraft carrier erkrft kerir replgphordoz attack tek tmads, roham tank ten(g)k harckocsi, tank measures mezsrz intzkedsek, rendszablyok rifle rjfl puska bomber bomr bombz aircraft erkrft replgp, perlgpek casualties kezsjultiz veszetsg, hallos ldozatok ammunition amjunisn lszer fighter fjtr harcigp anti-aircraft gun nti erkrft gn lvdelmi gy target trgit cl, clpont - 426 -

Gyakorlat The soliders are armed with rifles. How many tanks has the enemy got? Aircraft carriers are enormous ships. Our aircraft have not yet returned. We need more anti-aircraft guns. They are having trouble with their ammunition. A ship is an easy target. How many casualties were there in that battle? We have to take serious measures. Our bombers have hit all the targets. We lost two fighters yesterday. The attack came in the early morning. Egsztsd ki A lgvdelmi gyink hasznavehetetlenek voltak. A bombzk nagyon magasan replnek. Ezek klfldi puskk. Alig volt hallos ldozat. Sok ipari clpontot vlasztottak ki. Kt harcigp megsrlst jelentettk. A rohamot kds idben hajtjk vgre. Az utols replgphordozjukat hajnalban sllyesztettk el. Sok repl rszre van hely a replgphordozn. A harckocsik megbzhatka. Ezek a rendszablyok nem elgsgesek. Ezekhez a fegyverekhez nincs lszernk. A katonk puskkkal vannak felfegyverezve. Hny harckocsija van az ellensgnek? A replgphordozk ris(i) hajk. A replink mg nem trtek vissza. Tbb lgvdelmi gyra van szksgnk. Problmik vannak a lszerrel. A haj knny clpont. Mennyi volt a hallos ldozatok szma abban az tkzetben. Komoly intzkedseket kell hoznunk.

Bombzink az sszes clt eltalltk. Kt harcigpet vesztettnk tegnap. A roham kora reggel indult. Our anti-aircraft guns were useless. The bombers fly very high. These are foreign rifles. There were hardly any casualties. Many industrial targets were chosen. Two fighters were reported damaged. The attack will be made in foggy weather. Their last aircraft carrier was sunk at dawn. On an oircraft carrier there is space for many aircraft. The tanks are reliable. These measures are not sufficient. We have no ammunition for these weapons. - 427 -

Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt replgp, replgpek aircraft lszer ammunition vesztesg casualties bombz bomber tmads, roham attack cl, clpont target harckocsi tank replgphordoz aircraft carrier intzkedsek, rendszablyok measures harcigp fighter puska rifle lgvdelmi gy anti-aircraft gun A ragos birtokos szerkezetet hasznljuk idt, tvolsgot kifejez fnevek eltt. Pl.: Did you hear last night s news? Hallottad a ml jszakai hreket? There was a two hours delay. Kt rs kss volt. The building was a mile s distance from us. Az plet egymrfldes tvolsgra volt tlnk. Ne felejtsd el az egyes vagy tbbes szmban lv fnvhez hozzilleszteni az aposztrfot s az s bett. Fordtsd angolra Tudsz valamit a mlt heti rtekezletrl? Do you know anything about last week s meeting? Az iskola egy mrfld tvolsgra van a The school is a mile s distancd from my hzamtl. house. Tudod a mlt htfi eredmnyeket? Do you know last Monday s results? j szavak military militri katonai, hadi defensive difensziv vdekez missing miszin(g) hinyz, eltnt hostile hosztjl ellensges - 428 -

jet dzsetvulnerable (to) vlnrbl Gyakorlat Only military targets are important. We took defensive measures. Twenty soliders are reported missing. No hostile fighters were seen that day. Heavy jet bombers will be necessary for those targets. Thanks are vulnerable to some kinds of aircraft. Egsztsd ki A sugrmeghajts harcigpeik nagyon gyorsak. t repl eltnt. Sok katonai pletet megronglnak. A hajk vdtelenek a tegeralattjrk tmadsaival szemben. Az ellensges bombzk nagyon fel vannak fegyverezve. Tbb vdelmi fegyverre lesz szksgnk. j kifejezsek sugrhajtm sebezhet, gyenge Csak a katonai clok fontosak. Vdekez intzkedseket hoztunk. Hsz katona eltnst jelentettk. Nem lttak ellensges harcigpet aznap. Sugrmeghajts nehzbombzk szksgesek azokra a clpontokra. A harckocsik sebezhetek nhny replgp tpus szmra. Their jet fighters are very fast. Five planes are missing. Many military buildings are damaged. Ships are vulnerable to attacks by submarines. The hostile bombers are heavily armed.

We shall need more defensive weapons. to be interested in tu b intrsztid in rdekldni vmi irnt to be afraid of tu b frjd ov flni vmitl, vkitl Az angol nyelvben ezeket a kifejezseket valamennyi igeidben hasznljuk, azonban csak a to be igt ragozzuk. Pl.: They are interested in buying your house. rdekldnek a hzad megvtele irnt. I am afraid of big dogs. Flek a nagy kutyktl. How long have you been interested in weapons? Mita rdekldsz a fegyvereke irnt? They were afraid of the enemy. Flek az ellensgtl. - 429 -

Fordtsd angolra Tavaly a tengeralattjrk rdekeltek. Last year I was interested in submarines. Mirt flsz tlem? Why are you afraid of me? rdekel ez a hr? Are you interested in this news? Azt hiszem, rdekelni fogja. (lny) I think she will be interested in it. A szleim nem rdekldnek a bartaim irnt. My parents are not interested in my friends. Fltek a msodik tmadstl. They were afraid of the second attack. j igk to to to to to to to to destroy tu disztroj elpuszttani, lerombolni bomb tu bom bombzni bring down tu brin(g) daun lelni take off tu tjk of felszllni attack tu tek tmadni defend tu difend vdeni received tu riszv megkapni, tvenni carry tu keri vinni, szlltani

Gyakorlat Many factories were destroyed int he attack. Sok gyrat leromboltak a tmads sorn. The enemy bombed our capital. Az ellensg bombzta a fvrosunkat. They have brought down three of our Hrmat lelttek a replink kzl. aircraft. The fighters have attacked the tanks. A harcigpek megtmadtk a harckocsikat. The planes took off from the aircraft carrier. A replk felszlltak a replgp hordozrl. We defended the capital as long as possible. Vdtk a fvrost ameddig csak lehetett. Three ships carrying ammunition were sunk. Hrom, lszert szllt hajt sllyesztettek el. I received a letter yesterday. Tegnap egy levelet kaptam. Egsztsd ki Meg tudjuk vdeni a kiktinket? Can we defend our harbours? A replk felszlltak a szl irnyban. The planes took off into the wind. Bombztk a harcgpeinket, mieltt azok They bombed our fighters before they could felszllhattak volna. take off. - 430 -

A harckocsik felt elpuszttottk az els Half of the tanks were destroyed in the first nhny percben. few minutes. A hr, amit kaptam, szrny. The news I have received is awful. A lgvdelmi gyk sok replgpet lelttek. The anti-aircraft guns have brought down many aircraft. A bombzk ktszer tmadtak aznap. The bombers attacked twice that day. A legnehezebb bombkat kpesek szlltani. They can carry the heaviest bombs. Add meg a szavak angol megfeleljt vinni, szlltani to carry vdeni to defend megkapni, tvenni to receive tmadni to attack felszllni to take off lelni, elejteni to bring down bombzni to bomb elpuszttani, lerombolni to destroy Az any nvmst llt mondatokban is hasznlhatjuk. Ekkor a jelentse: akrmelyik, brmelyik. Szemlyek s dolgok meghatrozsra hasznluk. Pl.: Any child knows the answer to that question. Brmelyik gyerek tudja a vlaszt erre krdsre He will take any room you can offer to him. You can came any day. Akrmelyik szobt elfogadja, amit ajnlani tudsz neki. Brmelyik nap jhetsz. Az any sszetett szavai: anybody anyone anythinganywhere enibodi eniovn enitszin(g) eniover brki, akrki brki, akrki brmi, akrmi brhol, akrhol, akrhov - 431 -

Gyakorlat Anybody can tell you that. You can give itt o anyone you meet there. Those people will do anything for money. You can put that chair anywher. Fordtsd angolra Brmelyik szoba elg j (lesz) nekem. Akrmelyik orszgban hasznlhat. Brmelyik megvsrolt knyvet szpen becsomagoljk. Brki lthatja, hogy azok a virgok nem frissek. Brki, aki volt ott tudja, milyen nagy ott a forgalom. Az brmilyen les trgyal elkszthet. A bnz brhol rejtzkdhet. Ismtls A puskk, amiket hasznltok, jobbak, mint ezek. Azok kzl a harckocsik kzl, amiket vezettem, az a leggyorsabb. Akrmelyik bombzt le lehet lni. Akrki eltallhatja ezt a clt. A tmads brhol megindulhat. Az sszes cl kzl, melyeket vdennk kell, ez a legsebezhetbb. Ha a szvetsgeseinknek bombzkra van szksge, adhatunk nekik nhnyat. Ezek a gumiabroncsok a legjobbak. Brmilyen vdekez rendszably segt. rdekelnek ezek a tnyek? Brki meg tudja mondani (azt) neked. Odaadhatod brkinek, akivel ott tallkozol. Azok az emberek pnzrt brmit

megtesznek. Azt a szket akrhova theted. Any room is good enough for me. It can be used in any country. Any book that is bought will be wrapped up nicely. Anybody can see that those flowers are not fresh. Anyone who has been ther know how much trafic there is. It can be done with anything that is sharp. The criminal can be hiding anywhere. The rifles you are using are better than these. Of all the tanks I have driven, this is the fastest. Any bomber ca nbe brought down. Anybody can hit this target. The attack can start anywhere. Of all the targets we have to defend, this is the most vulnerable. If our allies need bombers, we can give them some. These tyres are the best. Any defensive measure will help. Are you intersted in these facts? - 432 -

Kiejtsi gyakorlat e e j i jet casualties rifle military defend attack fighter missing measure carry light civilian trench tactical time bring send matter find sink - 433 -

32. Lecke Msodik rsz Olvasd el a prbeszdet Mary: Every day when you read the morning papers, there is a news about all kinds of wars, isn t it. Peter? Peter: Well, yes. But is it bad? In this way we cannot forget that while we ours elves are living in peace. Things are not so good for a lot of other people. Mary: Why is itt hat people cannot live peacefully for a longer time? Peter: This question is hard to answer. It must be something deep within us. Mary. Is there anything we can do about it? Peter: I really don t know. Some people say that we have to destroy all weapons and close the factories that make them. Mary: But things don t work that way. Barbara. I agree with what Mary just said, and you John? John: There will always be people who will do anything for money. Barbara: I guess so, but other people say that negotiating is the answer. But it often happens tht people finish negotiations when it seems they are getting less than the others. John: We have to try to be good to other people and int he meantime remember what has often been said: if you want peace you have to be prepared to fight. Fordtsd angolra Azt gondolta, nem lesz semmi reklamci, de He thought there would be no complaints, volt ngy. (fi) but there were four. Tudom, hogy a te tleteid jobbak, mint az I know your ideas are better than my own . enyim. Replgp-hordozkat kellett keresnnk, de We had to look for aircraft carriers, but we nem talltunk egyet sem. didn t find any. Elvesztetem a sajt puskmat s elvettem I had lost my own rifle and took Mark s. Mrkt. Ne gondold, hogy a harckocsi brhol Don t think that a tank can be used

alkalmazhat. anywhere. Brki lthatja, hogy az ellensg elveszti a Anybody can see that the enemy is losing th e hbort. war. Brki szllthatja ezeket a tltnyeket. Anybody can carry these cartridges. Brmilyen sugrmeghajts bombz Any jet bomber can destroy those targets. lerombolhatja azokat a clpontokat. Felszlltak, hogy lszergyrakat tmadjanak. They took off to attack ammunition factorie s. - 434 -

Mit dntttek a nukleris fegyverekrl? Tilos az atombombt hasznlnod. A szvetsgeseink megadtk magukat. Milyen vdelmi fegyverekkel rendelkeznek a bombzink? Lttek a polgri replkre is. szrevetted a lgvdelmi gyk nagy szmt? Csatlakoztak a haditengerszethez. Most nem kell keresnnk ket. Mg nem ismert mindent tny arrl a hborrl. Kevs harcszati hibt kvettek el. Hadd ne beszljenek a fegyverekrl. A hetvenes vekben sok replt ptettek. rdekelnek ezek a rendszablyok? The end What has been decided about nuclear weapons? You mustn t use the atom-bomb. Our allies have surrendered. What defensive weapons have their bombers got? Also civilian planes were fired at. Have you noticed the large number of antiaircraft guns? They have joined the navy. We needn t look for them now. All the facts about that war are not yet known. A few tactical mistakes were made. Let them not talk about weapons. In the 70s (seventies) a lot of aircraft were built. Are you intersted in these measures?

- 435 -