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  • EE 3113 Introduction Into RF Circuit Design: Lecture Notes For A-Term 1999

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    EE 3113 INTRODUCTION INTO RF CIRCUIT DESIGN Lecture Notes for A-term 1999 LECTURE 3 Prof. R. Ludwig Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester, MA 01619.

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    EE 3113 INTRODUCTION INTO RF CIRCUIT DESIGN Lecture Notes for A-term 1999 LECTURE 3 Prof. R. Ludwig Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester, MA 01619.

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    38 vues9 pages

    EE 3113 Introduction Into RF Circuit Design: Lecture Notes For A-Term 1999

    Transféré par

    ankurgode
    EE 3113 INTRODUCTION INTO RF CIRCUIT DESIGN Lecture Notes for A-term 1999 LECTURE 3 Prof. R. Ludwig Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester, MA 01619.

    Droits d'auteur :

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Téléchargez comme PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    sur 9

    EE 3113

    INTRODUCTION INTO RF
    CIRCUIT DESIGN
    Lecture Notes for A-term 1999
    LECTURE 3
    Prof. R. Ludwig
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
    Worcester Polytechnic Institute
    Worcester, MA 01619
    copyright © 1999, R. Ludwig
    EE3113_L3 1
    Copyright, 1998 © R. Ludwig
    Transmission Line Analysis
    Space factor
    • Propagating electric field
    E X = E0 X cos(ωt − kz )

    Time factor
    • Phase velocity
    1 c
    vp = λ f = =
    εµ εr

    • Traveling voltage wave


    sin(ωt − kz )
    V ( z , t ) = E0 X
    k
    EE3113_L3 2
    High frequency implies spatial voltage distribution

    • Voltage has a time and


    space behavior

    • Space is neglected for low


    frequency applications

    • For RF there can be a large


    spatial variation

    EE3113_L3 3
    Generic way to measure spatial voltage variations

    • For low frequency (1MHz)


    Kirchhoff’s laws apply

    • For high frequency (1GHz)


    Kirchhoff’s laws do not
    apply anymore

    EE3113_L3 4
    Kirchhoff’s laws on a microscopic level
    • Over a differential section
    we can again use basic
    circuit theory

    • Model takes into account


    line losses and dielectric
    losses

    • Ideal line involves only L


    and C
    EE3113_L3 5
    Example of transmission line: Two-wire line
    • Alternating electric field
    between conductors

    • alternating magnetic field


    surrounding conductors

    • dielectric medium tends


    to confine field inside
    material

    EE3113_L3 6
    Example of transmission line: Coaxial cable
    • Electric field is
    completely contained
    within both conductors
    E

    • Perfect shielding of
    magnetic field

    • TEM modes up to a
    certain cut-off frequency
    H
    EE3113_L3 7
    Example of transmission line: Microstip line

    Cross-sectional view

    Low dielectric medium High dielectric medium


    EE3113_L3 8
    Triple-layer transmission line

    Conductor is completely shielded between two


    ground planes

    Cross-sectional view

    EE3113_L3 9

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