MATLAB

2013/10/26

1.
2.
3.
4.

5.

2013/10/26

3.1

. []
,()(
12),,

17

25

20

26

32

23

23

2013/10/26

17 25 20

26 32 23

a11 x1 a12 x 2 a1 n x n b1
a x a x a x b
21 1
22 2
2n n
2


a n1 x1 a n 2 x 2 a nn x n bn

aij i , j 1,2,, n,

bi i 1,2 , , n

2013/10/26

a11

a 21

a n1

b1

b2

a n 2 a nn bn
a12
a 22

a1 n
a2n

1.

m n aij ( i =1, 2, , m ;

j =1, 2, , n ) m () n (
) a11

a 21

a
m1

a12 a1n

a 22 a 2 n

a m 2 a mn

m n aij i
j . ABC.

Am n =( aij )m n
2013/10/26

1 0 3 5

2 4 ,
9 6 4 3
1

2 3 1 ,
4

2 3 5 9
1 4 ,
2013/10/26

4
1 1 .
6

(1) nAn

13 6 2

A 2 2 2
2 2 2

An

3 .

(2) A
nA
AAdet A

2013/10/26

(3)

A a1

().
(4)

().

a2 an ,

b1

b2
B ,

b
n

2013/10/26

(5)

1 0

0 1
E En

O
0 0

O
0

.
(6)
.

2013/10/26

0
0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0
0
0
0
.
0 0 0

0 0 0

(7)

A = ( aij )m n , ( aij )m n
A A

2013/10/26

10

1m n
a11 x1 a12 x2 a1n xn b1
a x a x a x b
21 1
22 2
2n n
2

am1 x1 am 2 x2 amn xn bm

a11

a 21
A

am1
2013/10/26

a12
a 22

am1

a1 n

a2n

a mn

11

a11 x1 a12 x2 a1n xn b1

a x a x a x b
21 1
22 2
2n n
2

am1 x1 am 2 x2 amn xn bm

a11
a
21

a m 1

2013/10/26

a12

a1n

a22

a2 n

am 2 amn

b1
b2

bm
12

2 nx1 , x 2 , , xnmy1 , y2 , , ym

y1 a11 x1 a12 x2 a1n xn ,

y a x a x a x ,
2
21 1
22 2
2n n

ym am 1 x1 am 2 x2 amn xn .

x1 , x 2 , , x n y1 , y2 , , ym
. aij.

2013/10/26

13

y1 a11 x1 a12 x2 a1n xn ,

y a x a x a x ,
2
21 1
22 2
2n n

ym am 1 x1 am 2 x2 amn xn .

a11

a 21
A

am1

a12
a 22

am1

a1 n

a2n

a mn

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14

y1 x1 ,
y x ,
2
2

.

yn xn
y1 x1 ,
1 0 0

y x ,
2
2
0 1 0

yn xn
0 0 1
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15

m n A=aij B= bij ,
, aij bij i 1,2,, m; j 1,2,, n,
, : Amn = Bmn

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16

(1) mn

a11

a 21
A

am1

a12
a 22

am1

a1 n

a2n

a mn

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17

(2)

m n

a1

a2

; A aB1 ,a2 ,, ,an ,

1 0 0
a
;
0 1 0 n
.

0 0 1

(3)

(4)

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2013/10/26

19