Dales vasomotor reversal

Because arteriolar and venous tone are determined to a large extent by -receptors on vascular smooth muscle, -receptor antagonist drugs cause a lowering of peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure . These drugs can prevent the pressor effects of usual doses of -agonists; indeed, in the case of agonists with both 2 and 2 effects (eg, epinephrine), selective -receptor antagonism may convert a pressor to a depressor response (Figure 103). This change in response is called epinephrine reversal; it illustrates how the activation of both -and receptors in the vasculature may lead to opposite responses. Alpha-receptor antagonists often cause orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachycardia.

Effect of Ach on Blood Pressure

Two kinds of effects produced by ACh. A. Ach causes a fall in BP due to vasodilation B. A larger dose of ACh also produces bradycardia, further reducing BP. C. Atropine blocks the effect of ACh in lowering BP. D. Still under the influence of atropine, a much larger dose of ACh produces nicotinic effects, causing a rise in BP and tachycardia due to stimulation of sympathetic ganglia ( vasoconstriction) and secretion of adrenaline.

Effect of Adr, NorAdr, isoprenaline on Blood Pressure

RECEPTORS RECEPTOR LOCATION RESPONSE TO RECEPTORS

1 ARTERIES

1 HEART HR CONTRACTIONS AV CONDUCTION

2 ARTERIES

2 BRONCHI

DOPAMINERGIC KIDNEY DILATION OF RENAL VASCULATURE

CONSTRICTION

DILATION

DILATION

Epinephrine

Epinephrine

Epinephrine

Epinephrine

Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine

--

--

--Dopamine At high dose

Isoproternol Dobutamine Dopamine At moderate dose

Isoproternol ---

Isoproternol --Dopamine At low dose