Form 2 Science

Chapter 10

FORM 2 CHAPTER 10
SIMPLE MACHINE

1. Diagram 1.1 shows a wheelbarrow.

Diagram 1.1

(a) On Diagram 1.1, label the position of the fulcrum.

[1 mark]

(b)(i) Based on Diagram 1.1, state the class of lever of the wheelbarrow.

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark]

(ii) Give one reason for your answer in (b)(i).

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark]

(c) Based on Diagram 1.2, choose one tool with the same class of lever as the
wheelbarrow in Diagram 1.1.
Mark (√ ) in the box for the tool.

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Diagram1.2

[1 mark]
(d) Diagram 1.3 shows the situation when a force and a load are balanced.

Diagram 1.3

(i) Calculate force P needed to balance the metre rule.

Use the following fomula:

Load x Distance of load form fulcrum = Force x Distance of force form the fulcrum

[3
marks]

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Chapter 10

(ii) What happens to the value of P if the load is moved nearer to the fulcrum?

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark]

2. Diagram 2.1 shows a claw hammer.

Q: ……………………….

P: ………………………

R: ………………………

Diagram 2.1

(a) Label P, Q and R on Diagram 2.1 using the following words.

Fulcrum Load Effort

[3 marks]

(b) (i) What is the class of this lever system?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

(ii) State one reason for your answer in (b)(i).

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

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Chapter 10

[1 mark]

(c) Calculate the moment of force in Diagram 2.2 if a force of 50 N is exerted to pull the nail.

Moment of force (Nm) = Force (N) X Perpendicular distance (m)

Diagram 2.2

[2 marks]

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Chapter 10

3. Diagram 3 shows levers P, Q, R and S.

P Q

R S

Diagram 3

(a) Based on the observations in Diagram 3, state the class of lever P, Q, R and S.

P: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

Q …………………………………………………………………………………………………….

R …………………………………………………………………………………………………….

S …………………………………………………………………………………………………….

[4 marks]

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Chapter 10

(b) Classify levers P, Q, R and S into two groups based on common properties.
Give examples of levers belonging to each group.

P, Q, R and S

Common
property

Alphabets
representing
the levers

[4 marks]

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Chapter 10

4. Diagram 4 shows spanners P and Q which are used to tighten the nut at different time.

Spanner P Spanner Q

Force
Force
0.1 m 0.2 m

Diagram 4

(a) (i) Which spanner will produce a greater turning effect?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

(ii) Explain your answer in (a)(i).

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark]

(b) What are the factors that affect the moment of force?

(i) ……………………………………………………………………………………………
……

(ii) ……………………………………………………………………………………………
……

[2 marks]

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Chapter 10

(c) Calculate the moment of force on spanner P if a force of 20 N is used.

[2 marks]

5. Diagram 5.1 shows Kok Meng and Ranjit on a see-saw. Kok Meng is 50 kg. He sits 120 cm
from the fulcrum of the see-saw. The see-saw is in balanced when Ranjit who is 60 kg sits on
the other end of the see-saw.

Diagram 5.2

(a) (i) Name the class of lever shown in the Diagram 5.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark]

(ii) Find the distance of Ranjit from the fulcrum.

[2 marks]

(iii) If Ranjit and another friend sit at the same end, what should Kok Meng do to balance
the see-saw?

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Chapter 10

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

(b) Diagram 5.2 shows a pair of ice tongs.

Ice cube

(i) What class of lever is the ice tong?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark]

(ii) At which point, A, B, C or D is the biggest effort needed to hold the ice cube? Why?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………………...

[2 marks]

(iii) What is the relationship between the effort and the effort arm?

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

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Chapter 10

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