USTH- Analytical chemistry- Fall 2013 Homework assignments Lecture 4 (for 2nd BP and WEO students) (Find more

e exercises in the book: D. Harvey, Modern analytical chemistry, McGraw Hill Higher Education, 2000) 1. Acid- base equilibrium Problem 1: Calculate the pH of a- 1.0x10-8 HBr b- A solution prepared by dissolving 1.23 g of 2- nitrophenol ( FM 139.11) in 0.250 L. c- A 0.050 M sodium butanoate. Problem 2: A solution contains 63 different conjugate acid- base pair. Among them is acrylic acid and acrylate ion, with the equilibrium ratio [acrylate]/[acrylic acid]= 0.75. What is pH of the solution. Problem 3: Find the pH and concentrations of (CH3)3,N and (CH3)3NH+ in a 0.060 M solution of trimethylamine. Problem 4: Which of the following acids would be most suitable for preparing a buffer of pH 3.10: (i) hydrogen peroxide; (ii) propanoic acid; (iii) cyanoacetic acid; (iv) 4aminobenzenesulfonic acid? Problem 5: A buffer was prepared by dissolving 0.100 mol of the weak acid HA (Ka = 1.00 X 105 ) plus 0.050 mol of its conjugate base Na+A- in 1.00 L. Find the pH. Problem 6: Consider the diprotic acid H2A with K1 = 1.00 X 10-4 and K2 = 1.00 X l0-8. Find the pH and concentrations of H2A, HA-, and A2- in (a) 0.100 M H2A; (b) 0.100 M NaHA; (c) 0.100 M Na2A. Problem 7: How many milliliters of 0.202 M NaOH should be added to 25.0 mL of 0.0233 M salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid) to adjust the pH to 3.50? Problem 8: a) Which two of the following compounds would you mix to make a buffer of pH 7.45: H3PO4, (FM 98.00), NaH2PO4 (FM 119.98), Na2HPO4 (FM 141.96), and Na3PO4 (FM 163.94)? (b) If you wanted to prepare 1.00 L of buffer with a total phosphate concentration of 0.0500 M, how many grams of each of the two selected compounds would you mix together? (c) If you did what you calculated in part (b), you would not get a pH of exactly 7.45. Explain how you would really prepare this buffer in the lab. 2. Complexon equilibrium Problem 9: Consider the reactions of Fe2+ with the amino acid glycine: Fe2+ + G- FeG+ Fe2+ + 2G- FeG2(aq) Fe2+ + 3G- FeG3-; Fe2+ + H20 : FeOH+ + H+ log1= 4.31 log1= 4.31 log1= 8.87 pKa = 9.4
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+H3NCH2CO2H glycine, H2G+ pK1 = 2.350, pK2 = 9.778 Suppose that 0.050 mol of FeG2 is dissolved in 1.00 L and enough HCl is added to adjust the pH to 8.50. Use activity coefficients to find the composition of the solution. ( get an ionic strength of 0.01M)What fraction of iron is in each of its forms and what fraction of glycine is in each of its forms? From the distribution of species, explain the principal chemistry that requires addition of HCl to obtain a pH of 8.50. 2. Pricipitation equilibrium Problem 10: a) Find the concentration of Cu2+ in equilibrium with CuBr(s) and 0.10MBrb) Find [Cu2+] in a solution saturated with Cu4(OH)6(SO4) if [OH-] is xed at 1.0 X l0-5 M. Note that Cu4(OH)6(SO4) gives 1 mol of SO42- for 4 mol of Cu2+. Cu4(OH)6(SO4)(s) 4Cu2+ + 60H- + S042Ksp = 2.3 X 10-69 Problem 11: The planet Aragonose (which is made mostly of the mineral aragonite, whose composition is CaCO3) has an atmosphere containing methane and carbon dioxide, each at a pressure of 0.10 bar. The oceans are saturated with aragonite and have a concentration of H+ equal to 1.8 X l0-7 M. Given the following equilibria, calculate how many grams of calcium are contained in 2.00 L of Aragonose seawater. CaCO3(s,aragonite) Ca2+(aq) + CO32-(aq) Ksp = 6.0 X l0-9 C02(g) 3 CO2 (aq) KC02= 3.4 x 10-2 CO2(aq) + H2O(l) HCO3-(aq) + H+(aq) K1 = 4.5 x 10-7 HCO3-(aq) H+ (aq) + CO32- (aq) K2= 4.7x10-11