Slope Deflection Method - Draft PDF

SLOPE DEFLECTION METHOD (SDM)
Slope Deflection Equation

2
2 + 3 +
=

Modified Slope Deflection Equations ( Members with rotational DOF at One End)
2
2 + 3 +
=

2
2 + 3 +
=

But at H, MHR = 0
2
2 + 3 +
0=

3

= +
2 2
4
Substituting H
2
3

=
2 +
+
3 +
2 2

4
2 3
3

=

+
2
2
4
Hence,
3

+

=

2

= 0
Where:
H
R
N
F
E
I/L
FEM
Hinged-end/Member end with rotational DOF

Rigidly connected end
Near end
Far end
Modulus of elasticity
Span stiffness (k)
Span rotation of its chord due to a linear displacement ( = /L)
Fixed end moment
Sign Convention
The member end moments, end rotations, and chord rotation are positive when
counterclockwise.
Follows joint sign Convention
Note
It is advisable that the number of degrees of freedom to be solve be reduce to
three or lesser.
DERIVATION OF SLOPE DEFLECTION EQUATIONS

The slope-deflection equations relate the moments (i.e. internal moments) at the
ends of a member to the rotations and displacements of its ends and the external loads
applied to the member.
Note: this method, it is assumed that all deformations are due to bending only. In
other words, deformations due to axial forces are neglected.
th
Figure 1. From Structural Analysis, 4 Edition by Aslam Kassimali
A and B rotates counterclockwise (i.e. positive rotation)

tan =
+
; 0
+
+
=
; =

=
1 =
2

=

1 1
2
1
1

2
3
2
3

=
3
3
6
and

1 1
2
1
1

+

2
3
2
3

=
+
4
3
6
Substituting 3 and 4 into 1 and 2 ,

=

3
6

=2
2
2 =
+

3
3

3
6

Substituting to ,
= 2

2
2
+
3

6
2
2
2 + 3 + 2

and
=
=
2
2
2 + 3 + 2

The last group of terms on the equations is referred to as Fixed-End Moments

(FEMs) that accounts for the moment caused by loadings acting on the span of the member,
not the moments acting at its nodes.
Physical Interpretation (Refer to Figure 1.e.)
Since the ends of the beams are fixed, A = 0 , B = 0 and = 0 (i.e. = 0).
=
=
2
2
2
2
20 + 0 30 + 2

2
= 2
=
2
2
20 + 0 30 + 2

!" #$%& '(& )!*(+
,
8
,
1
-
12
1
-
20
5
-
96
,
8
,
1
-
12
1
-
30

2
4
6
5
-
96

2
2
6
DERIVATION 1.
FIRST METHOD
Consider AAB
6Aa.
6Ab
h h
M L + 2M L + L + M L =
+ 6EI +
L
L
L L
Pb(L b )
0 + 2M 0 + L + M L = 0
+ 6EI0 + 0
L
Pb(L b )
1
2M L + M L =
L
Consider ABB
6Aa.
6Ab
h h
M L + 2M L + L + M L =
+ 6EI +
L
L
L L
Pa(L a )
0 + 6EI0 + 0
M L + 2M L + 0 + 0 =
L
Pa(L a )
M L + 2M L =
2
L
By elimination,
1:
2 2 :
Pb(L b )
L
Pa(L a )
2M L 4M L = +2
L
Pb(L b )
Pa(L a )
3M L =
+2
L
L
3M L = PbL + Pbb + 2PaL 2Paa

2M L + M L =
But,
Hence,
, L = a + b
L = a + b = a + 2ab + b
3M L = Pba + 2ab + b + Pbb + 2Paa + 2ab + b 2Paa

3M L = Pba 2Pab Pbb + Pbb +2Paa + 4Pa b +2Pab 2Paa
3M L = 3Pa b
Pa b
M = ; . /. /010 2-31
L
Substitute MB to 1
Pa b
Pb(L b )
2M L L =
L
L
b
Pa
2M L L = Pb(L b );
L = a + 2ab + b
L
2M L = Pba + 2ab + b b + Pa b
Pab
M = ; . /. /010 2-31
L
SECOND METHOD
Recall;
=
=
2
2
2
2
=
1 PbL
1
1
1
1
1
L L Pbb b = PbL Pbb

6
2 L
3
2
3
6
1 PbL
2
1
2
1
1
1
=
L L Pbb
b + a = PbL Pb b Pb a
2 L
3
2
3
3
3
2
Let points A and B be the left end and right end, respectively.
2
2

2
1
1
1
1
1
= 42 PbL Pbb PbL Pb b Pb a5

6
6
3
3
2
2 1
= 4 Pb a5
2
=

=
2
; 2 <

2 1
1
1
1
1
= 4 PbL Pbb 2 PbL Pb b Pb a5
6
6
3
3
2
2 1
1
2
2
2
= 4 PbL Pbb + PbL + Pb b + Pb a5
6
6
3
3
2
=

Pb a
. /. 670 /368769-:/ 13/6 70
2
1
1

4
PbL
+
Pb b + Pb a5 ; = + 2 +

2
2
1
2
1
= 4 Pb + 2 + + Pb b + Pb a5
2

2
2
1
= 4 Pa b5

2
=

=
Pa b
. /. 68769-:/ 13/6 70
Note: This method follows joint sign convention.
DERIVATION 2.
Recall
6

= =
+
+ > ( 8/? 7 3 )
6
6
3
6

=
+
+ ( 3 7 8/? )
3
6
6

0
0
+
+

=
3 6 6

=
1
3 6

0
0
+
+
3 6 6

0=
+
3 6

=
2
2
Substitute 2 to 1 ,
/2
3
6

=
4
4
=
; /010 2-31

=
Substitute MA to 2 ,
1
4
=

2

2
; /010 17-0-31
= +
DERIVATION 3.
Recall
6

= =
+
+ > ( 8/? 7 3 )
6
3
6
6

+
+ ( 3 7 8/? )
=
3
6
6

0
=
+
+

3 6 6

0=
+ 1
3 6

0
+
+
3 6 6

0=
+
+ 2
3 6
By elimination,
1:

+ =0
3 6

+
+2 = 0
6 3

3
+
=0

2
6
= ; . / /010 2-31
22 :
Substitute MB to 2
6

+
+ =0

3 6
DERIVATION 4.
= +
6
; . / /010 17-0-31
Consider AAB
6Aa.
6Ab
h h
M L + 2M L + L + M L =
+ 6EI +
L L
L
L
0 + 2M 0 + L + M L = 0 0 + 6EI 0 +
L
6EI
2M L + M L =
1
L
6Aa.
6Ab
h h
M L + 2M L + L + M L =
+ 6EI +
L L
L
L
+ 0
M L + 2M L + 0 + 0 = 0 0 + 6EI
L
6EI
M L + 2M L =
2
L
By elimination,
6EI
1:
2M L + M L =
L
12EI
2 2 :
2M L 4M L =
L
18EI
3M L =
L
6EI
M = ; . /. /010 2-31
L
Substitute MB to 1
6EI
6EI
2M L +
L =
L
L
Consider ABB
M = +
DERIVATION 5.
Recall
6EI
; . /. /010 17-0-31
L
6

= =
+
+ > ( 8/? 7 3 )
3
6
6
6

=
+
+ ( 3 7 8/? )
3
6
6
+ 3 0
= @
+
+
A
3 6
6
3
1
0=
6
3 6
3 0
=
+
+
3 6
6

3
0=
+
2
3 6
6
By elimination,
1:
3
=0
3 6
6
22:

3
2
+2
2
=0
6
3
6
3 23
=0
2
6
6

3 + 23
=
2 6
, L = a + b
L = a + b = a + 2ab + b

3 a 2ab b + 23 a 2ab b
=
2 6

= 3a 6ab
3

= 2b a ; . / /010 2-31
Substitute MB to 2

B 2b aC 3

+
=0
3
6
6

2ab a 3
=
+
; L = a + 2ab + b
3
6
6

1
=
2ab a + 3 a 2ab b
6 3
2
2
1
= ab b

2

= b 2a ; . / /010 2-31
Example 1.
Determine the reactions for the continuous beam shown.
FIRST SOLUTION
I. Degrees of Freedom
A = 0
B 0
A = 0
B = 0
C 0
c = 0
D 0
D 0
4 DOFs
II. Fixed End Moments
, 225(3)3
=
= +168.75 9D E

6
,
2253 3
= =
= 168.75 9D E

6
=

= F
- = 3019
= +202.5 9D E
9
= F
- = 301 9
= 202.5 9D E
9
= F
- = 3013
= +22.5 9D E
3

- = 3013 3
=F
= 22.59D E
3
III. Chord Rotations
AB = 0
BA = 0
BC = 0
CB = 0
CD = -/3
DC = -/3
IV. Slope Deflection Equations

2
2(0) + 3(0) + 168.75
=
6
1
= + 168.75 1
3
2
2 + (0) 3(0 + 168.75
6
2
= 168.75 2
3
=
2
2 + 3(0) + 202.5
9
4
2
= + + 202.5 3
9
9
=
2
2 + 3(0) + 202.5
9
4
2
= + 202.5 4
9
9
=
2
G2 + 3
H + 22.5
3
3
4
2
2
= + +
+ 22.5 5
3
3
3
=
2
G2 + 3
H + 22.5
3
3
4
2
2
= + +
22.5 6
3
3
3
=
V. Equilibrium Equations
+ = 0
2
4
2
4 168.755 + 4 + + 202.55 = 0 ;
3
9
9
10
2
+ + 33.75 = 0
9
9
+ = 0
4
2
4
2
2
4 + 202.55 + 4 + +
+ 22.55 = 0
9
3
3
3
9
2
16
2
2
+
+ +
180 = 0
9
3
3
9
4
2
2
= + +
+ 22.5
3
3
3
4
2
2
3
303
= + +
+ 22.5
2
3
3
3
4
2
2
+ +
112.5 = 0 6
3
3
3
4
2
2
= + +
22.5
3
3
3
4
2
2
0 = + +
22.5
3
3
3
2
4
2
+ +
22.5 = 0 1
3
3
3
From ,
10
2
= 33.75
9
9
1
= 30.375
5
Substitute to
2 1
16
2
2
30.375 +
+ +
180 = 0
9 5
9
3
3
26
2
2
+ +
186.75 = 0
15
3
3
Solve simultaneously,
6:
4
2
2
+ +
= 112.5
3
3
3
26
2
2
+ +
= 186.75
15
3
3
1:
2
4
2
+ +
= 22.5
3
3
3
= 185.625
= 50.625
= 253.125
1
= 30.375
5
1
= 185.625 30.375 = 67.5
5
Hence,
1
67.5 + 168.75 = 146.25 9D E
3
2
= 67.5 168.75 = 213.75 9D E
3
4
2
= 67.5 + 185.625 + 202.5 = 213.75 9D E
9
9
4
2
= 185.625 + 67.5 202.5 = 135 9D E
9
9
4
2
2
= 185.625 + 50.625 + 253.125 + 22.5 = 135 9D E
3
3
3
4
2
2
= 50.625 + 185.625 + 253.125 22.5 = 0 9D E
3
3
3
=

SECOND SOLUTION
I.
Degrees of Freedom
A = 0
B 0
A = 0
B = 0
C 0
c = 0
2 DOFs
, 225(3)3
=
= +168.75 9D E

6
,
2253 3
= =
= 168.75 9D E

6
=

- = 3019
=F
= +202.5 9D E
9
= F
- = 301 9
= 202.5 9D E
9

AB = 0
BA = 0
BC = 0
CB = 0

2
2(0) + 3(0) + 168.75
=
6
1
= + 168.75 1
3
2
2 + (0) 3(0 + 168.75
6
2
= 168.75 2
3
=
2
2 + 3(0) + 202.5
9
4
2
= + + 202.5 3
9
9
=
2
2 + 3(0) + 202.5
9
2
4
+ = 67.5 4
9
9
=
+ = 0
4
2
2
4 168.755 + 4 + + 202.55 = 0 ;
3
9
9
10
2
+ = 33.75
9
9
Simultaneously; 4 and
= 67.5
Hence,
= 185.625
=
1
67.5 + 168.75 = +146.25 9D E
3
=
2
4
67.5 + 185.625 + 202.5 = +213.75 9D E
9
9
2
= 67.5 168.75 = 213.75 9D E
3
= = 135.0 9D E
3
= 303
= +135.0 9D E
2
VI. Reactions
Consider Span 1
= 0
146.25 + 2253 = 213.75+I 6
I = 101.25 9D
= 0
146.25 + I 6 = 2253 + 213.75
I = 123.75 9D
At node A
I + I = 0
I = 101.25 9D
+ = 0
= 146.25 9D E
Consider Span 2
= 0
9
135 + I 9 = 213.75 + 309

2
I = 143.75 9D
= 0
9
213.75 + I 9 = 135 + 309

2
I = 126.25 9D
At node B
I = I + I
I = 267.5 9D
Consider Span 3
= 0
I = 30(3)
I = 90 9D
At node C
I = I + I
I = 216.25D
SUMMARY
MA
RA
RB
RC
146.25 kN-m
101.25 kN
267.5 kN
216.25 kN
counterclockwise
Upward
Upward
upward
Example 2.
Determine the reactions and draw the shear and bending moment diagrams for the
beam shown in the figure. E is constant.
SOLUTION
I.
Degrees of Freedom
A 0
B 0
A = 0
B = 0
C 0
c = 0
3 DOFs

, 10024 15042

1400
= =
+
=
+
9D E

6
6
9
,
1002 4 1504 2
1600
= =
=
9D E

6
6
9
= F
- = 5015 625
=
9D E
6
5
= =
625
9D E
6

AB = 0 BC = 0
BA = 0 CB = 0
22
1400
2 + 3(0) +
=

6
9
4
2
1400
1
0 = + +
3
9
3
22
1600
2 + 3(0 +

6
9
4
2
1600
= +
2
3
3
9
=
2
625
2 + 3(0) +

5
6
4
2
625
= + +
3
5
5
6
=
2
625
2 + 3(0) +

5
6
4
2
625
0 = +
4
5
5
6
=
+ = 0
4
2
1600
4
2
625
4 +
5 + 4 + +
5=0;
3
3
9
5
5
6
2
32
2
1325
+
+
=0
3
15
5
18
1:
4:
:
Hence,
4
2
1400
+ =
3
3
9
2
4
625
+ =
5
5
6
2
32
2
1325
+
+ =
3
15
5
18
= 147.7
= 62.066
= 99.175
= 0
4
2
1600
= 193.49 9D E
= 62.066 + 147.7
3
9
3
=
4
2
625
62.066 + 99.175 +
= 193.49 9D E
5
6
5
= 0
Example 3.
Determine the reactions for the continuous beam shown in the figure due to the
uniformly distributed load and due the support settlements of 10mm at A, 50mm at B,
20mm at C, and 40mm at D. Take E = 200 GPa, I = 700(106) mm4
SOLUTION
A 0
B 0
A = 0
B = 0
C 0
c = 0
D 0
D = 0
4 DOFs
= = = F
- = 30110
= +250.0 9D E
10
= = = = 250.0 9D E
AB = -40/10000 = -0.004
BA = -40/10000 = -0.004
BC = 30/10000 = 0.003
CB = 30/10000 = 0.003
CD = -20/10000 =- 0.002
DC = -20/10000 =- 0.002
FIRST METHOD
D
19D E
= 200 000
700 10 EE G
H = 140 000 9D E
EE
110 D EE
2
2 + 3(0.004) + 250
10
2
1
0 = + + 0.0024140 000 + 250
5
5
2
1
0 = + + 586 1
5
5
=
2
2 + 3(0.004) + 250
10
2
1
= + + 0.0024140 000 250
5
5
2
1
= + + 86 2
5
5
=
2
2 + 3(0.003) + 250
10
2
1
= + 0.0018140 000 + 250
5
5
2
1
= + 2 3
5
5
=
2
2 + 3(0.003) + 250
10
2
1
= + 0.0018140 000 250
5
5
2
1
= + 502 4
5
5
=
2
J2 + 30.002K + 250
10
2
1
= + + 0.0012140 000 + 250
5
5
=
2
1
= + + 418 5
5
5
2
J2 + 30.002K + 250
10
2
1
= + + 0.0012140 000 250
5
5
1
2
0 = + 82 6
5
5
=
+ = 0
2
1
2
1
4 + + 865 + 4 + 25 = 0 ;
5
5
5
5
1
4
1
+ + + 84 = 0
5
5
5
+ = 0
2
1
2
1
4 + 5025 + 4 + + 4185 = 0
5
5
5
5
4
1
1
+ + 84 = 0
5
5
5
Express in terms of

1:
2
1
+ + 586 = 0
5
5
1
= 1465
2
Substitute to ,
1
1
4
1
1465 + + + 84 = 0

5
2
5
5
7
1
+ 209 = 0
10
5
2
1
+ = 82
5
5
6:
:
1:
1
4
1
+ + = 84
5
5
5
7
1
+ = 209
10
5
=
1040
3
505
=
3
2240
=
3
Substituting,
1 1040
=
1465
2 3
4915
=
3
Hence,
= 0 9D E
=
=
=
=
3
306 207 = 115.2 9D E
10
1
2
306 + 26 2 = 115.2 9D E
5
5
2
1
26 + 306 502 = 451.29D E
5
5
3
26 + 459 = 451.2 9D E
10
= 0 9D E
SECOND METHOD MODIFIED SLOPE DEFLECTION EQUATION
IL:
= 0
=
3

+

2
3
250
(0.004) +
250

10
2
3
=
+ 0.0012140 000 375
10
3
=
207 1
10
=
2
2 + 3(0.003) + 250
10
2
1
= + 0.0018140 000 + 250
5
5
2
1
= + 2 2
5
5
=
2
2 + 3(0.003) + 250
10
2
1
= + 0.0018140 000 250
5
5
2
1
= + 502 3
5
5
=
3
250
J 0.002K +
250

10
2
3
=
+ 0.0006140 000 + 375
10
3
=
+ 459 4
10
=
= 0
VI. Equilibrium Equations

+ = 0
3
2
1
4 2075 + 4 + 25 = 0 ;
10
5
5
7
1
+ 209 = 0
10
5
+ = 0
2
1
3
4 + 5025 + 4 + 4595 = 0 ;
5
5
10
1
7
+ 43 = 0
5
10
:
:
= 306
= 26
Hence,
7
1
+ = 209
10
5
1
7
+ = 43
5
10
= 0 9D E
=
=
=
=
3
306 207 = 115.2 9D E
10
2
1
306 + 26 2 = 115.2 9D E
5
5
2
1
26 + 306 502 = 451.29D E
5
5
3
26 + 459 = 451.2 9D E
10
= 0 9D E
Example 4.
In the figure, support A rotates 0.002 rad (counterclockwise from vertical) and
support C settles 0.6in. Draw the shear and moment curves. Given I = 144 in4 and E = 29
000 ksi.
Ans. MA = -10.27kips-ft, MB = -3.45kips-ft, RB = 0.563 kips

SOLUTION
A = 0.002
B 0
A = 0
B = 0
C 0
c 0
4 DOFs
88 : 3/ /M8 7 N/37
AB = 0
BA = 0
BC = -0.6/(15 12) = -1/300

CB = -0.6/(15 12) = -1/300
1 ?
= 29 000 9: 1440
= 29 000 92: ?
12 0
2
20.002 + 3(0) + 0
12
1
1
= + 0.004
6
6
=
=
1
58
+
1
6
3
2
2 + 0.002 3(0) + 0
12
1
1
= + 0.002
3
6
1
29
= +
2
3
3
=

Using Modified Slope Deflection Equations,

3

+

=

2

3
1
=

+ 0
15
300
1
1
1
= +

5
5
300
1
58
= +
2
5
3
= 0
+ = 0
29
1
58
1
4 + 5 + 4 + 5 = 0 ;
3
5
3
3
8
+ 29 = 0
15
435
=
8
Hence,
=
1
435
58
+
10.27 92: ?
6
8
3
=
1
435
58
+
= 8.46 92: ?
5
8
3
1
435
29
=
+
= 8.46 92: ?
3
8
3
= 0

Slope Deflection Method - Draft PDF

Transféré par

Informations du document

Description originale:

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Slope Deflection Method - Draft PDF

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

SLOPE DEFLECTION METHOD (SDM)

Slope Deflection Equation

Hinged-end/Member end with rotational DOF

DERIVATION OF SLOPE DEFLECTION EQUATIONS

Figure 1. From Structural Analysis, 4 Edition by Aslam Kassimali

A and B rotates counterclockwise (i.e. positive rotation)

Substituting 3 and 4 into 1 and 2 ,

The last group of terms on the equations is referred to as Fixed-End Moments

 !" #$%& '(& )!*(+

3M L = PbL + Pbb + 2PaL 2Paa

3M L = Pba + 2ab + b  + Pbb + 2Paa + 2ab + b  2Paa

L L Pbb b = PbL  Pbb 

Note: This method follows joint sign convention.

3 6 6

3 6 6

III. Chord Rotations

IV. Slope Deflection Equations

III. Chord Rotations

IV. Slope Deflection Equations

, 10024 15042

III. Chord Rotations

 =  =  = F

 =  =  =  = 250.0 9D E

III. Chord Rotations

IV. Slope Deflection Equations

Express  in terms of 

 1465 +  +  + 84 = 0

SECOND METHOD MODIFIED SLOPE DEFLECTION EQUATION

VI. Equilibrium Equations

Ans. MA = -10.27kips-ft, MB = -3.45kips-ft, RB = 0.563 kips

BC = -0.6/(15 12) = -1/300

IV. Slope Deflection Equations

Using Modified Slope Deflection Equations,

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi

!" #$%& '(& )!*(+

3M L = Pba + 2ab + b + Pbb + 2Paa + 2ab + b 2Paa

L L Pbb b = PbL Pbb

, 10024 15042

= = = F

= = = = 250.0 9D E

Express in terms of

1465 + + + 84 = 0