REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 1

There are 101 questions related with topic Respiratory System 10/08/2009
QUESTION 1 1081-20033
Choose the CORRECT response:

A. Pulmonary fibrosis is an example of an obstructive respiratory disease

B. Increased pH, temperature, 2,3-DPG all shift the oxygen dissociation curve to the right (increase oxygen unloading)

C. The majority of carbon dioxide in the blood is associated with haemoglobin as carbaminohaemoglobin

D. The apex of the lungs is both better ventilated and perfused than the base

E. Lung compliance is a measure of the distensibility of the lungs at a given transpulmonary pressure

QUESTION 2 1081-20034
Choose the CORRECT response:

A. The elastic recoil of the lungs is opposed by surface tension

B. At high altitude, a decreased PO2 stimulates a reduction in erythropoietin release

C. Smoking decreases lung compliance

D. Decreased PCO2 increases the firing rate of peripheral chemoreceptors

E. The dorsal respiratory group is a brain area involved in promoting inspiration

QUESTION 3 1082-200510
During inspiration, all of the following occur, EXCEPT

A. lung volume increases

B. alveolar pressure decreases

C. alveolar pressure becomes sub-atmospheric

D. air moves into the lungs along a pressure gradient

E. pleural pressure increases

QUESTION 4 1082-200511
Choose the CORRECT statement

A. Obstructive respiratory disorders are related to increased airway resistance

B. Vital capicity is reduced in an obstructive respiratory disorder

C. Resistance to flow is especially pronounced during inspiration, as the lungs are trying to inflate

D. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are examples of restrictive respiratory disorders

E. FEV1 is unchanged in a restrictive respiratory disorder

REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 2
QUESTION 5 1082-200512
The pulmonary circulatory system:

A. Is a high resistance system

B. Is a system of low blood flow

C. Is a low pressure system

D. Is sensitive to changes in PO2

E. Provides the blood supply to the tissues of the respiratory system

QUESTION 6 1082-200513
Choose the INCORRECT statement

A. The central chemoreceptor area is found in the medulla oblongata

B. The main stimuli for the central chemoreceptor response is a change in PCO2 (via H+)

C. The main stimuli for the peripheral chemoreceptor response is a change in PO2

D. Activation of the chemoreceptor reflex results in the stimulation of the medullary inspiratory neurones

E. The major response to changes in blood gases in initiated by the peripheral chemoreceptor areas

QUESTION 7 1082-200514
Choose the CORRECT statement

A. In an adult, haemoglobin consists of two alpha, two beta chains

B. oxygen is the only gas capable of binding to haemoglobin

C. oxygen binds with haemoglobin via oxidation

D. oxygen bound to haemoglobin does not contribute to PO2

E. Upon oxygen binding haemoglobin goes from relaxed to tense form, and this increases affinity for subsequent oxygen
binding
QUESTION 8 1082-200515
The oxyhaemoglobin unloading reaction is increased by

A. increased PO2

B. increased pH

C. increased pCO2

D. decreased 2,3 DPG

E. decreased temperature
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 3
QUESTION 9 1082-200529
Which of the following is INCORRECT concerning the O2 / CO2 movement and processing through the lungs and
tissues?

A. Binding of O2 to Hb changes its configuration so that CO2 and H+ ions are more likely to dissociate.

B. When CO2 diffused into the alveoli, the PaCO2 is lowered.

C. Carbonic acid is an intermediate in the reaction combining H+ with HCO3- to form H2O and CO2.

D. Arterial blood flows to the tissues where H+ ions combine with HCO3- to form H2O and CO2.

E.

QUESTION 10 1082-20056
Choose the CORRECT statement

A. The mucosal layer of the conducting zone promotes inspiration, opposes expiration

B. Cartilaginous tissue is found in both the conducting and respiratory zones

C. The smooth muscle (trachealis) is the innermost layer of the airways, and is important for diameter regulation
D. Ciliated columnar epithelial cells of the mucosal layer play a protective role in removing particulate matter from the
airways
E. The conducting zone extends from (and includes) the nasal cavity to the respiratory bronchioles

QUESTION 11 1082-20057
Choose the CORRECT statement

A. Gas pressure is unrelated to volume

B. Increasing the volume of the lungs increases the gaseous pressure inside the lungs

C. Decreasing airway diameter results in an increased flow rate

D. Endothelial and alveolar cells are only separated by a thin fused basement membrane, greatly falicilating gaseous
exchange

E. Gaseous diffusion is only able to occur in one direction; i.e. oxygen from alveoli to capillary and carbon dioxide from
capillary to alveoli
QUESTION 12 1082-20058
Choose the CORRECT statement:

A. Smoking decreases lung compliance

B. Compliance refers the lungs ability to recoil

C. Lung compliance is increased in disease states that result in fibrotic tissue deposition

D. Surfactant decreases lung compliance

E. Compliance and elasticity are inversely proportional

REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 4
QUESTION 13 1082-20059
Choose the CORRECT statement

A. The diaphragm is the only muscle involved in respiration

B. Abdominal muscles can be recruited to assist with inspiration

C. Internal Intercostals are inspiratory muscles

D. External intercostals are inspiratory muscles

E. The diaphragm relaxes to increase thoracic volume

QUESTION 14 1082-20091
Write the correct sequence of the pathway through which air travels after entering the body.

A. Larynx, pharynx, trachea bronchioles

B. Pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchioles

C. Pharynx, larynx, bronchioles, trachea

D. Pharynx, trachea, larynx, bronchioles

E. None of the above

QUESTION 15 1082-200910
Which of the following is in the correct path of CO2 from the tissue to the atmosphere?

A. Reaction with H2O to make H2CO3, dissociation to H+ and HCO3-, H+ combines with imidazole side chain of
hemoglobin, carried back to lungs as HHb+ and HCO3-, reverse reaction forms CO2.
B. O2 is metabolized to CO2, reaction with H2O to make H2CO3, H2CO3 combines with imidazole side chain of
hemoglobin, H2CO3Hb+ is carried back to the lungs, reverse reaction forms CO2.
C. Reaction with H2O to make H2CO3, dissociation to H+ and HCO3-, HCO3- combines with imidazole side chain of
hemoglobin, carried back to the lungs as HCO3-Hb+ and H+, reverse reaction forms CO2.
D. O2 is metabolized to CO2, reaction with H2O to make H2CO3, dissociation to H+ and HCO3-, carried back to lungs in
this form, reverse reaction forms CO2.
E. None of the above

QUESTION 16 1082-200911
Which of the following is NOT an effector of respiration?

A. Heart

B. diaphragm

C. intercostals

D. Trapezius

E. None of the above

REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 5
QUESTION 17 1082-200912
Which of the following is the first branching of the bronchial tree that has gas exchanging capabilities?

A. Terminal bronchioles.

B. Respiratory bronchioles.

C. Alveoli

D. segmental bronchi

E. alveolar ducts.

QUESTION 18 1082-200913
If you increased the left atrial pressure from 5 mmHg to 15 mmHg, what effect would that have on pulmonary
circulation?

A. It would force blood the opposite direction.

B. It would increase the speed at which blood moves through the pulmonary circulation.

C. No change.

D. Blood flow would almost or completely stop.

E. None of the above is true

QUESTION 19 1082-200914
Which of the following is NOT a normal occurance with increasing age?

A. Vital capacity of the lung decreases.

B. Residual volume increases.

C. Functional residual capacity increases.

D. Inspiratory capacity decreases.

E. Expiratory reserve volume increases.

QUESTION 20 1082-200915
Which of the following spirometry measurements has the greatest sensitivity for detecting early air flow
obstruction?

A. FVC

B. FEV1

C. FFE

D. FEF25-75

E. None of the above

REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 6
QUESTION 21 1082-200916
Which of the following does NOT happen during inspiration?

A. The ribs move upward.

B. The diaphragm lifts up.

C. The antero-posterior dimensions of the chest are increased.

D. The tranverse dimensions of the thorax are increased.

E. The scalene and sternocleidomastoid muscles can be recruited for inspiration.

QUESTION 22 1082-200917
During inspiration, how does alveolar pressure compare to atmospheric pressure?

A. Alveolar pressure is greater than atmospheric.

B. Alveolar pressure is less than atmospheric.

C. Alveolar pressure is the same as atmospheric.

D. Alveolar pressure is one of the few pressures where the reference pressure is not atmospheric.

E. None of the above is true

QUESTION 23 1082-200918
Which of the following represents the pressure difference that acts to distend the lungs?

A. Alveolar pressure

B. Airway opening pressure

C. Transthoracic pressure

D. Transpulmonary pressure

E. Esophageal pressure.

QUESTION 24 1082-200919
If a patient had a progressive lung disease that required an ever increasing pressure to fill the same volume of lung,
how would the lung's compliance be affected?

A. It would increase it.

B. It would stay the same.

C. It would decrease it.

D. These variables do not affect lung compliance.

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 7
QUESTION 25 1082-20092
Which process DOES NOT occur in the nasal cavity?

A. Trapping of large foreign bodies

B. Exchange of gases

C. Humidification of inhaled air

D. Warming of inhaled air

E. All of the above

QUESTION 26 1082-200920
An asthma sufferer finds she has to breathe at twice her normal rate. How does that affect her dynamic compliance?

A. It stays the same.

B. It decreases.

C. It increases.

D. Static compliance, not dynamic, is the variable affected by asthma.

E.

QUESTION 27 1082-200921
According to the Law of Laplace, air should flow from the smaller alveoli to the larger, collapsing them. In the lungs,
several factors counter that tendency, and stabilize the alveolar structures. Which of the following is NOT one of
them?
A. Surfactant lowers surface tension to a greater degree when it is on a smaller surface area, allowing the smaller alveoli
to stay open.
B. Mechanical stability is given by surrounding alveoli.

C. Transpulmonary pressure is lower for smaller alveoli, allowing them to stabilize in comparison to the bigger ones.
D. Surface tension at the gas-liquid interface increases as alveolar surface area increases.

E.

QUESTION 28 1082-200922
Which of the following is FALSE concerning the production and role of lung surfactant?

A. It is part of a lipoprotein called dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl-choline.

B. It is synthesized by alveolar type II cells.

C. As the alveolar surface area decreases during the compression curve, the surfactant decreases the surface tension
at a constant rate.
D. When surfactant density is decreased during expansion, surface tension initially rises rapidly, then slows down until it
reaches the starting point.
E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 8
QUESTION 29 1082-200923
Which of the following is NOT true concerning respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants?

A. Their ability to synthesize DPPC is limited.

B. Higher pressures are required to ventilate the lungs.

C. Lung compliance is low.

D. Positive pressure respirators are often used to assist them in breathing.

E. Alveoli tend to overexpand and sometimes burst at the end of inspiration.

QUESTION 30 1082-200924
If the lung were punctured, which of the following would happen?

A. The lung would collapse on the side of the puncture.

B. Both the lung and the chest wall would collapse on the side of the puncture.

C. The relaxation pressure of the chest wall would increase until it surpassed the atmospheric.

D. The relaxation pressure of the chest wall would increase, but stop before it reached atmospheric pressure.

E.

QUESTION 31 1082-200925
Which of the following is FALSE concerning airway resistance?

A. Up to 50% is in the nose.

B. The maximum resistance in the bronchial tree occurs at the fourth generation.

C. In the later generations, the radii are smaller, increasing the total resistance at each successive generation
D. Airway resistance can be increased by loss of tissue elasticity and contraction of bronchial smooth muscles.

E.

QUESTION 32 1082-200926
Which of the following is NOT a function of dead space?

A. Warms expired air to body temperature.

B. Saturates inspired air with water vapor.

C. Removes bacteria and other particulate matter.

D. Conducts the warmed air to the respiratory membranes.

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 9
QUESTION 33 1082-200927
To which of the following is alveolar PCO2 directly proportional?

A. Rate of CO2 production and alveolar ventilation.

B. Rate of CO2 production and rate of O2 consumption.

C. Alveolar ventilation and rate of O2 consumption.

D. Alveolar ventilation, rate of O2 consumption, and rate of CO2 production.

E.

QUESTION 34 1082-200928
Which of the following statements about Hb is FALSE?

A. A higher P50 than normal means that the O2 binds less tightly to Hb.

B. An increase in 2,3-DPG shifts the O2 uptake curve to the left.

C. An increase in PCO2 causes a right shift of the O2 uptake curve.

D. An decrease in pH increases P50.

E. An increase in temperature shifts the O2 uptake curve to the right.

QUESTION 35 1082-20093
Spirometer measures:

A. Capacity of lungs

B. Volume of air inhaled and exhaled

C. Residual air

D. All of the above

E. A,B are correct

QUESTION 36 1082-200930
Which of the following pairs is INCORRECT concerning central nervous systems and a factor they respond to by
affecting respiration?

A. Cerebellum: Mechanoreceptor input

B. Limbic system: emotional states

C. Cerebral cortex: voluntary control

D. Cerebral motor cortex: exercise

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 10
QUESTION 37 1082-200931
When the diaphragm lowers during breathing

A. the external intercostal muscles relax.

B. more pleural fluid is formed.

C. the chest cavity increases in volume.

D. the abdominal cavity increases in volume.

E. the pleural cavity decreases in size.

QUESTION 38 1082-200932
Intrapleural pressureincreases when the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract.

A. increases when the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract.

B. becomes equal to the external environmental air pressure by the action of the respiratory muscles.

C. is always less than atmospheric pressure.

D. is less than atmospheric pressure ONLY during inspiration.

E. is the difference between the pressure in the pleural cavity and that within the lung alveoli.

QUESTION 39 1082-200933
The principal muscles of respiration used during normal quiet respiration are -1. Diaphragm. 2. Muscles between the
ribs (intercostals). 3. Muscles in the neck.

A. 2 only

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 1 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

E. 3 only

QUESTION 40 1082-200934
The action of the ribs during breathing

A. results in the contraction of the diaphragm, during expiration.

B. is similar to the movement of the handle of a bucket.

C. carries the larynx downward.

D. is that they are lowered during inhalation.

E. is to be raised during expiration.

REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 11
QUESTION 41 1082-200935
Which of the following regarding transpulmonary pressure is correct?

A. It is the pressure between the two layers of the pleural membrane.

B. It is the difference between intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures.

C. This pressure is created by the stronger diaphragmatic contraction compared to intercostal contraction.

D. It is the pressure inside the lungs, which expands the lungs.

E. On inspiration, it is higher than atmospheric pressure.

QUESTION 42 1082-200937
Which of the following actions takes place on normal inspiration?

A. Relaxation of the diaphragm allows air to rush into the lungs.

B. Smooth muscle contraction in respiratory passages sucks in air.

C. The intra-alveolar pressure decreases below atmospheric pressure.

D. Intrapleural pressure increases above 760 mm Hg.

E. Parietal and visceral pleurae separate as the lungs expand.

QUESTION 43 1082-200938
Forced expiration

A. is called hyperpnea.

B. is that in which the intrathoracic pressure exceeds 760 mm Hg.

C. involves contraction of internal intercostal and abdominal muscles.

D. is caused by contraction of both internal and external intercostal muscles.

E. results from strong contraction of the diaphragm.

QUESTION 44 1082-200939
A normal breath would be equal in volume to

A. vital capacity.

B. inspiratory capacity.

C. complemental volume.

D. residual volume.

E. tidal volume.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 12
QUESTION 45 1082-20094
The volume of air that can be exhaled after normal exhaltation is the

A. tidal volume.

B. residual volume.

C. inspiratory reserve volume.

D. expiratory reserve volume.

E. None of the above

QUESTION 46 1082-200940
The air which one moves in and out of the lungs during normal, quiet breathing is called the

A. supplemental air.

B. vital capacity.

C. inspiratory reserve.

D. alveolar air.

E. tidal volume.

QUESTION 47 1082-200941
The air that passes in and out of the respiratory passages on each normal breath is called the

A. respiratory volume.

B. tidal volume.

C. expiratory volume.

D. residual air.

E. minimal air.

QUESTION 48 1082-200942
The residual volume of air in the lungs

A. is also known as the complemental air.

B. normally always remains in the lungs.

C. is the amount forcefully exhaled.

D. is the amount left in the trachea and bronchi at the end of expiration.

E. is the amount expelled on a normal expiration.

REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 13
QUESTION 49 1082-200943
Movement of oxygen from alveolar air

A. allows for an exact volume replacement by carbon dioxide.

B. into pulmonary venules is the result of active transport.

C. is the result of ciliary action.

D. into pulmonary capillaries is by diffusion.

E. into blood plasma takes place if the oxygen tension (concentration) of the plasma is higher than that of the alveolar air.

QUESTION 50 1082-200944
The exchange of gases (carbon dioxide and oxygen) between the blood and the air is known as

A. breathing.

B. internal respiration.

C. external respiration.
D. ventilation.

E. inhalation.

QUESTION 51 1082-200945
The exchange of gases between lungs and blood

A. takes place by diffusion across the alveoli and capillary walls.

B. is called internal respiration.

C. occurs only on inspiration, not on expiration.

D. occurs through all the respiratory surfaces, that is trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.

E.

QUESTION 52 1082-200946
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs by

A. active transport mechanisms.

B. diffusion.

C. filtration.

D. osmosis.

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 14
QUESTION 53 1082-200947
Internal respiration is the exchange of gases that occurs

A. between red blood corpuscles and blood plasma.

B. in the pulmonary capillaries.

C. at the lung alveoli.

D. between red and white blood cells.

E. between cells, such as liver cells, and the blood.

QUESTION 54 1082-200948
The main oxygen-carrying compound of the blood is haemoglobin. As a result of external respiration this compound
is converted to oxyhaemoglobin by

A. combining with carbon monoxide.

B. combining with carbon dioxide.

C. losing the iron-containing haematin.

D. losing oxygen.

E. combining with oxygen.

QUESTION 55 1082-200949
Blood gives up all of its oxygen during passage through

A. the pulmonary capillaries.

B. the alveoli.

C. the systemic capillaries.

D. none of these.

E.

QUESTION 56 1082-20095
The volume of air in a normal breath is called

A. total lung capacity.

B. vital capacity.

C. tidal volume.
D. residual volume

E. None of the above

REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 15
QUESTION 57 1082-200950
Which of the following regarding respiration is true?

A. External respiration is defined as the diffusion of oxygen into body cells.

B. The volume of oxygen released from haemoglobin is independent of changes in bodily activity.

C. As oxygenated blood flows past cells, almost all of the contained oxygen diffuses into the cellular cytoplasm.

D. In internal respiration the partial pressure of oxygen comes to equal the partial pressure of carbon dioxide

E. Oxygenated blood changes to deoxygenated blood in internal respiration.

QUESTION 58 1082-200951
The center for control of normal respiration is located in the

A. medulla.

B. spinal cord.

C. carotid sinus.

D. cerebellum.

E. cerebrum.

QUESTION 59 1082-20096
Most oxygen in the blood is transported

A. as gas dissolved in plasma.

B. as oxyhemoglobin.

C. as carboxyhemoglobin.

D. as bicarbonate

E. None of the above

QUESTION 60 1082-20097
The primary chemical stimulus for breathing is the concentration of

A. carbon monoxide in the blood.

B. carbon dioxide in the blood.

C. oxygen in the blood.

D. carbonic acid in the blood.

E. None of the above

REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: PHYSIOLOGY II-1 PAGE 16
QUESTION 61 1082-20099
Which of the following is NOT a function of the lungs?

A. Metabolism

B. Serves as a reservoir of blood for the left ventricle.

C. It is a filter to protect the systemic vasculature

D. Facilitates the exchange of O2 and CO2 between air and blood.

E. All of the above are true.

QUESTION 62 HILL-20091
External respiration refers to:

A. pulmonary ventilation

B. ventilation and gas exchange between the air and blood

C. ventilation, gas exchange, and oxygen utilization by the tissues

D. gas exchange between the blood and tissues and oxygen utilization by the tissues

E.

QUESTION 63 HILL-200910
According to Henry's law, the amount of gas that will dissolve in blood plasma or any other liquid is determined by
which of these factors?

A. solubility of the gas in the liquid

B. the total pressure of the gas mixture

C. pH of the liquid

D. the osmotic pressure of the liquid

E.

QUESTION 64 HILL-200911
Which of the following changes does not occur when a fetus is delivered and begins to breathe on its own for the
first time?

A. the rate of blood flow through pulmonary circulation decreases

B. The foramen ovale closes

C. the ductus arteriosus closes

D. the resistance to blood flow through the lung decreases

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: MCGRAW-HILL QUIZ PAGE 17
QUESTION 65 HILL-200912
The bends are symptomatic of _________________.

A. nitrogen narcosis

B. decompression sickness

C. hyperbaric oxygen therapy

D. carbon dioxide accumulation

E.

QUESTION 66 HILL-200913
If a person's PCO2 remains chronically high, as in emphysema, the peripheral chemoreceptors become insensitive
to hypercapnia and pulmonary ventiliation becomes stimulated by _________ rather than by increases in blood
PCO2.
A. hypocapnia

B. acidosis

C. hypoxic drive
D. the Hering-Breuer reflex

E.

QUESTION 67 HILL-200914
The __________ makes it virtually impossible to voluntarily over-inflate the lungs.

A. apneustic center

B. Hering-Breuer reflex

C. hypercapnia

D. inspiratory neurons

E.

QUESTION 68 HILL-200915
Hemoglobin that has undergone oxidation of the iron is known as ______________.

A. carboxyhemoglgobin

B. methemoglobin

C. reduced hemoglobin

D. carbaminohemoglobin

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: MCGRAW-HILL QUIZ PAGE 18
QUESTION 69 HILL-200916
Epinephrine can be used to treat an asthmatic attack without the danger of also overstimulating the heart.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C.

D.

E.

QUESTION 70 HILL-200917
When deoxyhemoglobin binds to oxygen, it becomes oxidized hemoglobin.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C.

D.

E.

QUESTION 71 HILL-200918
In a standing person, the alveoli located at the base of the lung are better ventilated (in liters per minute) than the
alveoli found at the apex of the lung.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C.

D.

E.

QUESTION 72 HILL-200919
Fetal hemoglobin or hemoglobin F does not bind oxygen as well as adult hemoglobin, hemoglobin A.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C.

D.

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: MCGRAW-HILL QUIZ PAGE 19
QUESTION 73 HILL-20092
A chest wound can introduce air into the intrapleural space, a condition known as _______________.

A. intrapleural pressure

B. respiratory distress syndrome

C. pneumothorax
D. decompression sickness

E.

QUESTION 74 HILL-200920
Acidosis is a state in which the blood and tissue fluid have an acidic pH.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C.

D.

E.

QUESTION 75 HILL-200921
External respiration refers to ________________.

A. pulmonary ventilation

B. ventilation and gas exchange between the air and blood

C. ventilation, gas exchange, and oxygen utilization by the tissues

D. gas exchange between the blood and tissues and oxygen utilization by the tissues

E.

QUESTION 76 HILL-200922
A chest wound can introduce air into the intrapleural space, a condition known as _______________.

A. intrapleural pressure

B. respiratory distress syndrome

C. pneumothorax
D. decompression sickness

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: MCGRAW-HILL QUIZ PAGE 20
QUESTION 77 HILL-200923
According to _________, if it were not for pulmonary surfactants, we should expect the surface tension in a small
alveolus to produce greater pressure than in a large one and air would flow from the smaller alveolus to into the
larger one.
A. Henry's law

B. Dalton's law

C. LaPlace's law
D. Boyle's law

E.

QUESTION 78 HILL-200924
A deficiency of lung surfactant may result in ______________.

A. respiratory distress syndrome

B. low pulmonary elasticity

C. pneumothorax

D. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

E.

QUESTION 79 HILL-200925
A restrictive lung disorder is indicated by a below normal _____________.

A. vital capacity

B. forced expiratory volume

C. residual volume

D. functional residual capacity

E.

QUESTION 80 HILL-200926
Any lung disease that reduces the forced expiratory volume (FEV), but does not significantly affect the vital capacity
is categorized purely as a(n) ____________.

A. restrictive lung disorder

B. pulmonary fibrosis

C. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

D. obstructive lung disorder

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: MCGRAW-HILL QUIZ PAGE 21
QUESTION 81 HILL-200927
Which of the following is classified as a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is commonly known as a black
lung disease?

A. asthma

B. pneumothorax

C. bronchitis

D. anthracosis

E.

QUESTION 82 HILL-200928
Obstruction of circulation through the lungs can put a strain on the right ventricle, which must work to pump blood
against this increased resistance and can lead to failure of that chamber. This syndrome is known as
___________________.
A. anthracosis

B. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

C. asthma

D. cor pulmonale

E.

QUESTION 83 HILL-200929
A dry mixture of gases has a total pressure of 600 mmHg and the oxygen comprises 20% of the gas mixture. The
partial pressure of oxygen (P02) is therefore equal to _________.

A. 0.2

B. 12

C. 120 mmHg
D. 200 mmHg

E.

QUESTION 84 HILL-20093
According to _________, if it were not for pulmonary surfactants, we should expect the surface tension in a small
alveolus to produce greater pressure than in a large one and air would flow from the smaller alveolus to into the
larger one.
A. Henry's law

B. Dalton's law

C. LaPlace's law
D. Boyle's law

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: MCGRAW-HILL QUIZ PAGE 22
QUESTION 85 HILL-200930
According to Henry's law, the amount of gas that will dissolve in blood plasma or any other liquid is determined by
which of these factors?

A. solubility of the gas in the liquid

B. the total pressure of the gas mixture

C. pH of the liquid

D. the osmotic pressure of the liquid

E.

QUESTION 86 HILL-200931
Which of the following changes does not occur when a fetus is delivered and begins to breathe on its own for the
first time?

A. the rate of blood flow through pulmonary circulation decreases

B. the foramen ovale closes

C. the ductus arteriosus closes

D. the resistance to blood flow through the lung decreases

E.

QUESTION 87 HILL-200932
The bends are symptomatic of _________________.

A. nitrogen narcosis

B. decompression sickness

C. hyperbaric oxygen therapy

D. carbon dioxide accumulation

E.

QUESTION 88 HILL-200933
If a person's PCO2 remains chronically high, as in emphysema, the peripheral chemoreceptors become insensitive
to hypercapnia and pulmonary ventiliation becomes stimulated by _________ rather than by increases in blood
PCO2.
A. hypocapnia

B. acidosis

C. hypoxic drive
D. the Hering-Breuer reflex

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: MCGRAW-HILL QUIZ PAGE 23
QUESTION 89 HILL-200934
The __________ makes it virtually impossible to voluntarily over-inflate the lungs.

A. apneustic center

B. Hering-Breuer reflex

C. hypercapnia

D. inspiratory neurons

E.

QUESTION 90 HILL-200935
Hemoglobin that has undergone oxidation of the iron is known as ______________.

A. carboxyhemoglgobin

B. methemoglobin

C. reduced hemoglobin

D. carbaminohemoglobin

E.

QUESTION 91 HILL-200936
Epinephrine can be used to treat an asthmatic attack without the danger of also overstimulating the heart.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C.

D.

E.

QUESTION 92 HILL-200937
When deoxyhemoglobin binds to oxygen, it becomes oxidized hemoglobin.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C.

D.

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: MCGRAW-HILL QUIZ PAGE 24
QUESTION 93 HILL-200938
In a standing person, the alveoli located at the base of the lung are better ventilated (in liters per minute) than the
alveoli found at the apex of the lung.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C.

D.

E.

QUESTION 94 HILL-200939
Fetal hemoglobin or hemoglobin F does not bind oxygen as well as adult hemoglobin, hemoglobin A.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C.

D.

E.

QUESTION 95 HILL-20094
A deficiency of lung surfactant may result in ______________.

A. respiratory distress syndrome

B. low pulmonary elasticity

C. pneumothorax

D. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

E.

QUESTION 96 HILL-200940
Acidosis is a state in which the blood and tissue fluid have an acidic pH.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C.

D.

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: MCGRAW-HILL QUIZ PAGE 25
QUESTION 97 HILL-20095
A restrictive lung disorder is indicated by a below normal ________

A. vital capacity

B. forced expiratory volume

C. residual volume

D. functional residual capacity

E.

QUESTION 98 HILL-20096
Any lung disease that reduces the forced expiratory volume (FEV), but does not significantly affect the vital capacity
is categorized purely as a(n) ____________.

A. restrictive lung disorder

B. pulmonary fibrosis

C. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

D. obstructive lung disorder

E.

QUESTION 99 HILL-20097
Which of the following is classified as a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is commonly known as a black
lung disease?

A. asthma

B. pneumothorax

C. bronchitis

D. anthracosis

E.

QUESTION 100 HILL-20098

Obstruction of circulation through the lungs can put a strain on the right ventricle, which must work to pump blood
against this increased resistance and can lead to failure of that chamber. This syndrome is known as
__________________.
A. anthracosis

B. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

C. asthma

D. cor pulmonale

E.
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR: MCGRAW-HILL QUIZ PAGE 26
QUESTION 101 HILL-20099
A dry mixture of gases has a total pressure of 600 mmHg and the oxygen comprises 20% of the gas mixture. The
partial pressure of oxygen (P02) is therefore equal to _________.

A. 0.2

B. 12

C. 120 mmHg
D. 200 mmHg

E.