Gray 1 Rachel Gray English 101 Professor Alicia Bolton 5 November 2013

Annotated Bibliography: Steven Caseys Never Cry Wolf Never Cry Wolf by Steven Casey is about an inmate who takes advantage of a faulty alarm system and lazy correction officers. The inmate analyzes these errors and finds a way to escape from prison. The argument I will be making is that in order to prevent inmates from escaping facilities, guards should have better procedure. The counterargument is that some readers may want to object and say that inmates of facilities will always find a way to escape no matter the situation. This topic is of great relevance today because if someone committed a crime, it is clearly not safe for them to be on the streets.

Fay, Meghan. "Preventing Prison Escapes and Responding to Security Audits." Corrections.com. 24 July 2000. Web. 24 October 2013. This website is mainly about problems prisons are having with staff not doing their job properly leading to miscommunication and escapes. Out of all sources, this website has the most information because it gives examples, proof, and recommendations. These guards make little mistakes that lead to negative effects of which examples are given. If guards would check the cells like they are supposed to, things like window bars being manipulated would be less likely. The website gives certain strategies and tips for prevention of escape similar to those

Gray 2 followed by The Albany County Correctional Center who has not had an escape in 25 years. These very strict rules include things like inventory control, supervisory checks, tight access policy, shake down, and other security devices. A comprehensive external security auditing program was instituted in an attempt to stop successful escapes in facilities of Florida. This article is credible I believe because it is from a safe website. The website is similar to a news source and the article was written by an assistant editor. The website listed their sources and also quoted a lot of people and material which helps to prove it is credible. Quotes come from real people and real stories which is accurate. This article could help me a lot in my argument. My argument is that in order to prevent prisoners from escaping, prison guards should have better procedure while being expected to follow it to the best of their ability. "Dan Dunne, Assistant Public Information Director for the Federal Bureau of Prisons, agrees. You can have good procedures, but it's incumbent upon the staff to enforce those policies (qtd. in Fay, par. 7). The article talks a lot about how to improve so that prisoners will not escape which will help me a lot because I originally planned to give recommendations supporting my argument. The article also talks about how guards mistakes and deficiencies in the facilities caused people to escape, which concerns my argument. This website can help prove my argument because the prisoners escape just like in my story.

Lockdown: Wyoming State Penitentiary. Escape at WSP. National Geographic, 2007. Films on Demand. Web. 31 October 2013. <http://digital.films.com/PortalViewVideo.aspx?xtid=40795&psid=0&sid=0&State=&titl

Gray 3 e=Lockdown:%20Wyoming%20State%20Penitentiary&IsSearch=Y&parentSeriesID=&loid =79885>. This film segment talks about how a man named James was able to escape from prison. He figured out an ingenious method of escape by simply being observant while taking his time watching patterns of animals and studying their behavior near the wire fence. He noticed that rabbits would go in and out the wire while ignoring it so they would not get cut. These rabbits were the start of his observation and helped him to determine a possible way to get out. Next, he watched the coyote and found out that it moved in and out with its head down. This helped the coyote to become unnoticeable to others. The coyotes would get close to the wire and disappear. James would wait for them to reappear but when they didnt, he figured out the layout. After seeing the coyotes success with the ditch, James tried it out for himself. He escaped for a total of four days and used the ditch as cover. This film is credible because it is from a reliable source such as National Geographic. National Geographic has been producing shows and publishing magazines for years, meaning they are trusted. Because the show Lockdown is a documentary, the stories are real life. Real life events and interviews cannot be made up, therefore, the film Lockdown: Wyoming State Penitentiary is a credible, accurate source. The film can be very helpful in my argument for many reasons. James took the time for days to observe animals and their patterns. To guards who kept a close eye on inmates, this would have seemed unusual. James could have been dealt with, possibly being banned from being in the yard, and potentially not being able to escape. Just because this method of escaping may not be common, guards should be taking every possible precaution because it is

Gray 4 their job. After the escape, guards took more precaution because they realized how easy it was for inmates to escape. They have a pressure sensitive fence surrounding the prison. If anyone were to try to scale it, an alarm would sound pinpointing the exact location. Along with the fence, guards have heavily armed patrol vehicles circling the prison twenty four hours a day.

Netto, Joseph, and Chelsea J. Carter. Official: Forged documents used in prison break from Fla. prison." CNN Wire 18 Oct. 2013: n. pag. Infotrac Newsstand. Web. 28 October 2013. This source talks about two inmates serving life without the possibility of parole who forged orders to be released from jail. These orders seemed legitimate because they had the county seal among its markings, which is why their plan worked for the most part. The article raises awareness and states that "'It is now clear that the use of forged court documents to obtain release from prison is an ongoing threat which all law enforcement, prosecutors, judges, court clerks, and prison officials must address and stop (qtd. in Netto, par. 21). This source is credible for a few reasons. It gives quotes and actual experiences that cannot be made up. Also, the article was found off the LibGuide under the database tab. Because it was found here, I know it is credible and trustworthy because the website itself is. This source is also from CNN Wire, which provides coverage of national and international news and current events. This source will be used as part of the argument and part of the counterargument. It contributes to my argument because the officers of the prison were easily fooled by the forged documents which resulted in the escaping of two inmates who committed serious crimes. If these faculty members would have went the extra mile and perhaps looked up things like

Gray 5 information on the inmates names, background, and sentencing instead of taking the easy way out by only looking at a document to release criminals, it could have been prevented. However, this source is part of the counterargument because it supports the fact that readers will say that it will happen anyways despite any efforts to stop it. A mistake like this is easy to fall for, but with issues as serious as murders being released by mistake, it should not matter, there should be no way an inmate can escape from prison. Readers may try to justify the incident saying that the documents looked legitimate with the county seal, but the mistake is unjustifiable. If a simple mistake like this can be fixed, it should not happen.

Reynolds, John N. The Twin Hells: A Thrilling Narrative of Life in Kansas and Missouri Penitentiaries. Champaign, Ill., n.d. EBSCO eBook Collection (EBSCOhost). Web. 27 October 2013. This source is about prisoners who are given the name "trusties." This means that they do not have much time left to serve in prison and guards give them tasks to complete. Sometimes, these tasks may be as far as a mile away from the prison. These prisoners are not expected to escape because they only have a short amount of time left. Although, some still try to get out while they can. The chapter talks about and gives several examples of "trusties" who were trusted to complete tasks that are usually not asked of normal prisoners but are asked of those with short sentences left and good character. This is a credible and trustworthy source. I know this because it is off a credible and trustworthy website, EBSCOhost. I know that I can trust the website because it one of the many listed in our LibGuide. Because this is a narrative, a spoken or written account of connected

Gray 6 events or stories, it is reliable because it happened in real life. If it was something like opinions, it may not be as reliable because it would be based on what someone thinks rather than facts. This source will be very helpful in proving my argument. The guards in every example trust the prisoners more than they should and give them a long leash, which ends up negatively with escapes. "When a convict has almost served out his time he is generally selected to perform the duties of a trusty, and allowed to go outside the prison enclosure. By good conduct other prisoners gain the confidence of the officials, and there are instances where these men, though they may have several months to serve, are permitted to go beyond the walls, doing duty for the prison (Reynolds 31). It will support my point that better procedure by guards can help prevent inmates from escaping. If the prisoners were not allowed so much freedom, they wouldn't be able to escape. I will be able to incorporate it into my argument.

Schmalleger, Frank, and John Ortiz Smykla. Corrections in the 21st Century. New York: McGrawHill, 2009. Print. The source I found from the book Corrections in the 21st Century by Frank Schmalleger and John Ortiz Smykla was very helpful. The entry discusses riots and mass escapes for the most part. A riot is any action by a group of inmates that constitutes a forcible attempt to gain control of a facility or area within a facility. Riots and mass escapes have many of the same reasons including absence of inmate programs and work, unqualified staff, poorly trained and paid staff, and old facilities. To try to solve the problem of rioting and escaping, reformers advocated overhauling and modernizing prison programs, replacing old prisons, hiring more and better staff, and developing an integrated state system (Schmalleger 509). This advocated

Gray 7 the creation of things like smaller prisons, and professionally trained, well- paid correctional officers. This source is credible because it is out of a book. This book is the fourth edition published by a trusted company called McGraw- Hill. Because the book is the fourth edition, it was published in 2009 which was not long ago. The information is relatively recent and updated by a well know publishing company, so I know it is reliable. This chapter on prison riots and disturbances will be very useful in my paper. It will help me prove my argument because it lists many problems in prisons that cause major things such as escapes. Riots and mass escapes have been frequent at the Walnut Street Jail, the Newgate Prison, and almost everywhere from the beginning of prisons in the country. Because I am arguing that better procedure by guards can help prevent escapes, this source is perfect. Not only are there many reasons listed, but there are even possible reforms to prevent the problem.