Nie ae Lael (eye hele TT Om CSA Recent Excavations‘Two vernacular industrial sites in rural County Galway: a wate: powered forge or ‘spade mill’ at Coololla anda brick-making site at Brusk JERRY OSULLIVAN , JOHN TIERNEY AND BRENDON WILKINS Jory OSiioan is NRA Aras ath atonal ends Desig Ofc, Gata County Cos on ‘rey with Echr chalga! Pres san, County Cork rn Wit th Headland Archaolgy La Lite land County Core ‘Mow did Galvay deep inthe indusiatperia? “Tansportinfastucteisasalent theme: barnesing -waterpomer is antler. The western reese of the county were opened up to tade and development ‘hi pled, and the ty Heft a wider wold A ‘Connaught extension of the Grand Cara linked ‘Deblin and the minds to Ballina in #8, 2043 ‘er decades ner the Midland Great Western Raley ‘reached Galway ity By thi time, Alevander Nimmo ‘na aad engineered te irstrelble roadways ito ‘Connemara and ha designed new or improved pers, and harbour donee of lations along the Ala ‘seaboard Several lighthouses were erected on the ‘mainland ezast and onthe Aran lands. nthe city Stef the emendow potential ofthe Com was at -essdon lange cal drive ain, pape exile and ‘limber mils andthe lint Canal was opened ia ‘2 to cate a nalgablepasage Between Lough ‘Corb and Galways Alans se port The hahour ‘self was very extensively developed, Expunsive sminded entrepeneis looked 470 the oe *0 ‘America, and the "Galway Line’ of tanstintc steamships began “0 sail berween Galway and ‘Newfoundland in ther8506(ferwards rebranded he “unt Ryal Mail Seam Navigon Company) Alin al Galway wasa bury place inthe rth century, ‘nd certainly no slepingprovinclal market town But ‘shat abou trl hnelind? This paper not on Ceoned with the age canvas of big industry’ and ie ‘monumental remains bt insted with two examples of the smallscale ral or vermacala indir that ‘ls urged in Galway in this pid abet wich Jes vile act onthe landscape of he county The ‘wo coamples decried ere are + Vitoria tice ‘aking ite a Bask ner the wilge of Kiulagh ‘dhe it ofa wate powered forge or spade mill of rballe Sthcentary date witha meaty lime, at Coola near he village of Aughvim gure 2 Both ies were dlscovered by dvance archaeological ‘seen work onthe out the new NS Galway to Balzasioe national oad sheme. A archaclp «al pophyscal survey by Anne and Martin Roseveste (GrchacoPhyia ony) had papointed the sty, and the presence of archeologi featues war rave suenty confirmed by tert excratone Thermal ing ste at Brask was fll invesigated by Brendon Wilkins of Heedland Archaeology Li, and the spade il at Cotolla was invesgeed by ohn Terey of achua Archaeological Projets. The investigations ‘were commissioned by Galway County Counc with funds supplied by the Nation Roads Authority, and were conducted in accordiice with Ministerial Diections (et. Aozs) for achaeologia investiga Hons onthe new road, under the provisions of the National Monuments Act 2004. Detaled technical report on the excavations hae been Sled with the National Monuments Service andthe National Museum of Ireland, and summary accounts will npr in & monograph account of investigations on the N6 Galway to Ballinadoe scheme in. 2009 (Obaivan 3209) A spade mill and lime kiln at Coololla “The Melehan iver meanders trough pleasant and- scape of pasture felds inthe environs of Aughin vik lage Today theives very mach reduced in volume ‘by suceniveeeional and lal drainage schemes, and inthis score chanel has been deepened ‘between seeped bak In ore ime, boweve, itwouldhave hada eter poentalto generate water power Thi is borne out bythe discovery of a wate: powered forge by the river, ofthe sor commonly Known asaspade mill