Teachers have the primary responsibility to design and implement instruction.

At every grade, we prepare our lesson plans, and just as there are many ways to teach and learn. There are many ways to plan. There is no single best way to form your plan. Methods vary widely depending on teachers' position and purposes. Regardless of the format we choose, master teachers use planning to help them select the content and method that will most help their students achieve learning Teachers use varity of types of plans Middle and high school teachers use content- specic plans because they teach specialized subject. Unit plan is critical because it connects and unes daily plans.

1. Planning resources

Formal school curriculum guides Good statements that are designed to meet the local needs Provide a framework in term of both time and subject matter

Supplementary materials associated with textbooks The second major indicator of what to plan where structured sequence of lesson are provided Specify the objectives and provide variety of teaching strategies

Other resources to design the plan

Other resources to design the plan 1. Colleagues 2. Retail stores 3. Internet 4.Historical sites 5. Government agencies

2. Instructional planning procedures Writing process itself helps you focus your thinking and detect confusion especially for new teachers ( novice teachers) 3 Stages of the instructional planning procedures

Stage 1: preplanning stage Consider several general concerns before writing the plan 1. Goals ( present purposes) from the national standards 2. Long range plan ( semester or year plan) 3. Content ( to be taught). 4. Students entry skills 5. Learning activities ( that could meet the learning goals). 1. Goals

2. Long range plan 3. Decide on content

4.students enters skills What do students already know. Using the constructivist learning theory that emphasize the students' prior knowledge, constantly, would reduce the problems related in insufcient entry skills and knowledge High school students' plans arranged by subject not by grade level that's why we have placement tests 5. Critical learning activities

Stage 2: unit planning Help make instruction manageable and understandable Since we can't teach everything all at once, we sort out content into blocks called units. Unit planning is the most important as well as the most time- consuming ( depends on levels of planning for each teacher) It should be reasonable and logical not messy and frustrating The basic problem when you are asked to cover more material than you can t into the available time

Main parts of the lesson plan

Dening the unit subject

Dening goals and objectives

Dening the outcomes

Students understand, Know,

Students demonstrate, Use appropriate skills, States appropriate steps

Students show progress , Achieve a level of ....., Apply decision,

Stage 3: postlesson activities Learning best takes place, when everyone is actively engaged in planning school work The intent is to plan outcomes and activities at several levels of Bloom's cognitive taxonomy Learning activities are what you use to get your students involved

Assessment is essential to determine student' level of achievements According to the book

According to my experience ::

Less planning leads to less controlling the class & more wasting time