Alexandra Shew April 4, 2012 NFSC 122 HACCP Assignment Part 1 1.

Identify all components (and sub components) in the research article. -Abstract - Introduction - Material and methods Experiment one Experiment two

-Results and discussion -Literature cited 2. Define all components (and sub components) in research article. - Abstract: To provide a brief summary of the paper. Along with the title this is one of the most important components of a research paper. - Introduction: A few sentence to provide background information on the problem investigated. -Material and methods: Techniques used -Results and discussion: The major results presented in the paper; provide quantitative information when possible. Discussion is the authors interpretation of the results presented. Experiment one Experiment two

-Literature cited: To provide the full citation for article referenced in text. 3. Summarize all components (and sub components) in the research article. Abstract: The abstract in this article included and introductory statement about manipulation of cattle feed being able to control E. coli 0157:H7, and a statement about the experiments used to measure levels of E. coli after changes in feed. Introduction: Problem: The cattle are believed to be the prime reservoir for E. coli 0157; this human foodborne pathogen has caused several issues in todays health and even causing death when not treated. Background: Different studies have been conducted for a means of reducing fecal shedding of E. coli 0157:H7, but results have been inconsistent. Purpose of experiment: The focus of the experiment was to evaluate fecal starch concentration and the Ph in relation to shedding of E. coli 0157 in feedlot cattle. Goal: The goal of this experiment is to alter the feedlot cattles feed in hopes to cut down on shedding of E. coli. Materials and Methods: Experiment One: This portion identified experiment ones objective as being whether or not fecal starch concentration had to do with fecal shedding of E. coli. The cattle in this experiment were put on a 4 step-up diet which ended with 78% dry-rolled corn and 8% alfalfa hay. E. coli levels were tested in two different ways, rectoanal mucosal swab (RAMS) and fecal samples (Feces). Experiment Two: For experiment two, the feed for thirty heifers that were prescreened positive for E. coli 0157 was changed in order to reduce E. coli 0157

measures. The cattle in this experiment where put on a 6 step-up diet which lead up to a final diet of completely dry-rolled corn. Results and Discussion Experiment One: 4.1% of the cattle used tested positive for E. coli using the RAMS sample. 3.3% tested positive using the Feces sample. 1.3% tested positive for E. coli using both RAMS and Feces samples. Experiment Two: 16.3% of the cattle used tested positive for E. coli using RAMS sample. 23.9% tested positive using Feces samples. 7.6% tested positive for E. coli using both RAMS and Feces samples. The limitation of this experiment would be that the researchers only feed a certain amount of feed to the cattle once a day. This is a limitation because if feed was left in the pen for an undetermined amount of time some cattle may eat more than others. This would create false results in the experiment.