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B 2 C 3 D 4
T T T
2
3
4
Keterangan:
Cp
A, B, C, D = konstanta
T
= suhu (K)
Komponen
CH3OH
40.046
-3.8287.10-2
2.4529.10-4
-2.1679.10-7
5.9909.10-11
H2O
33.933
-8.4186.10-3
2.9906.10-5
-1.7825.10-8
3.6934.10-12
O2
29.526
-8.8999.10-3
3.8083.10-5
-3.2629.10-8
8.8607.10-12
N2
29.342
-3.5395.10-3
1.0076.10-5
-4.3116.10-9
2.5935.10-13
Ar
20.786
CO2
27.437
4.2315.10-2
-1.9555.10-5
3.9968.10-9
-2.9872.10-13
CH2O
34.428
-2.9779.10-2
1.5104.10-4
-1.2733.10-7
3.3887.10-11
CO
29.556
-6.5807.10-3
2.0130.10-5
-1.2227.10-8
2.2617.10-12
(Yaws, 1999)
C 2 2 C3 3 C 4 4 C5 5
T
T
T
T
2
3
4
5
Komponen
C1
C2
C3
CH3OH
105,800
-362.23
0.9379
H2O
276,370
-2,090.1
8.125
CH2O
61,900
28.3
C4
C5
-0.014116
0.00000937
(Perry, 1934)
3. Konstanta Antoine
Komponen
CH3OH
8.08097
1,582.271
239.726
H2O
8.07131
1,730.63
233.426
(Perry, 1934)
Rumus:
Keterangan:
Psat
Ptotal
Tc (K)
Hn
CH3OH
337.8
512.6
8,526
H2O
373.2
647.1
9,717
Komponen
(Yaws, 1999)
Tc T
Rumus: Hv
Tc Tn
0, 38
.Hn
Keterangan:
Tn
Tc
Hn
Hv
: 1 jam operasi
Suhu referensi
: 298 K
Satuan panas
: kkal/jam
Satuan Cp
: kkal/kmol
Satuan Tekanan
: atm
1. Vaporizer (V-01)
Fungsi
Tujuan
Q kondensat
Q in
Tin = 303 K
P1 = 1.4 atm
Q out
Tout = ?
P2=1.5 atm
V - 01
Q steam
= A [B / (T + C)]
= Psat / Ptotal
Ptotal
= K.X
Komponen
Laju Molar
(kmol/jam)
Xi
P sat
Ki
Yi
CH3OH
102.68
0.997
1,066.17
1.00
0.9994
H2O
0.27
0.003
269.70
0.25
0.0007
Total
102.95
1.00
1.0000
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(J/kmol)
CH3OH
102.68
408,222.22
98.21
10,083.30
H2O
0.27
376,744.41
90.63
24.83
Total
102.95
Komponen
Cp.dT
(Kkal/Kmol) (Kkal/jam)
10,108.13
= 303 K = 300C
T akhir
= 346.4 K = 73.4 0C
Massa
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(J/kmol)
CH3OH
102.68
3,785,088.31
904.27
92,845.89
H2O
0.27
3,267,973.75
780.73
213.91
Total
102.95
Komponen
Cp.dT
(kkal/kmol) (kkal/jam)
93,059.80
= 303 K = 300C
T akhir
= 346.4 K = 73.4 0C
Massa
Hv
(kmol/jam)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/jam)
CH3OH
102.68
8364.10
858785.14
H2O
0.27
10067.88
2758.43
Total
102.95
Komponen
861543.57
944,495.23 kkal/jam
1752 .14 kg / jam
539.05 kkal / kg
Input (kkal/jam)
Output (kkal/jam)
CH3OH
10083.30
92,845.89
H2O
24.83
213.91
861543.57
Q penguapan
Q pemanas
944,495.23
Total
954,603.36
954,603.36
2. Mixer (M-01)
Fungsi
Tujuan
Q3
T3 = 303 K
P3 = 1 atm
M-01
Komponen
Massa
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol) (kkal/jam)
H2O
1.36
168.25
40.20
54.54
O2
77.36
147.39
35.21
2,724.00
N2
291.03
145.37
34.73
10,106.99
Total
369.75
93,059.80
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
CH3OH
0.47
226.48
54.11
25.16
H2O
279.87
168.25
40.20
11,249.44
O2
133.31
147.39
35.21
4,694.12
N2
1455.14
145.37
34.73
50,534.96
CO
41.78
145.41
34.74
1,451.30
CH2O
0.52
179.70
42.93
22.16
Total
1911.08
Komponen
Cp.dT
(kkal/kmol) (kkal/jam)
67977.15
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
CH3OH
0.37
226.48
54.11
20.13
H2O
225.25
168.25
40.20
9,054.09
O2
184.01
147.39
35.21
6,479.30
N2
1455.14
145.37
34.73
50,534.96
CO
33.42
145.41
34.74
1,161.04
CH2O
0.41
179.70
42.93
17.73
Total
1898.61
Komponen
Cp.dT
(kkal/kmol) (kkal/jam)
67267.26
Input (kkal/jam)
umpan udara
Output (kkal/jam)
gas recycle
udara
25.16
20.13
CH3OH
H2O
40.20
11,249.44
9,054.09
O2
35.21
4,694.12
6,479.30
N2
34.73
50,534.96
50,534.96
CO
1,451.30
1,161.04
CH2O
22.16
17.73
Total
67267.26
67267.26
3. Blower (B-01)
Fungsi : Menaikkan tekanan udara dari 1 atm menjadi 1.4 atm
Tujuan : a. Menentukan suhu keluar blower
b. Menghitung panas yang dihasilkan akibat kompresi
Q1
T1 = 303 K
P1 = 1 atm
Q2
T2= ?
P1 = 1.4 atm
B-01
Q yang dihasilkan
Untuk mencari suhu keluar dari blower, diasumsikan kenaikan tekanan secara adiabatis.
Sehingga memenuhi persamaan:
P
T2 T1 2
P1
Di mana, =
Cpcampuran
Cvcampuran
Cvcampuran
Dengan,
= Cpcampuran R
T2
= 1.987 kkal/kmol.K
Massa
(kmol/jam)
yi
Cpi.dT
Cpi.dT
yi.Cpi.dT
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
CH3OH
0.37
0.000
226.48
54.11
0.01
H2O
225.25
0.119
168.25
40.20
4.77
O2
184.01
0.097
147.39
35.21
3.41
N2
1455.14
0.766
145.37
34.73
26.62
CO
33.42
0.018
145.41
34.74
0.61
CH2O
0.41
0.000
179.70
42.93
0.01
Total
1898.61
1.00
35.43
Cpcampuran 35.43
1.059
Cvcampuran 33 .44
1 0.0561
T2
1.4
P2
=
T1 =
1
P1
0.0561
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/jam)
CH3OH
0.37
263.23
62.89
23.40
H2O
225.25
194.39
46.44
10460.75
O2
184.01
170.34
40.69
7488.15
N2
1455.14
167.86
40.10
58352.74
CO
33.42
167.94
40.12
1340.93
Komponen
CH2O
0.41
Total
1898.61
208.39
49.79
20.56
77686.52
Input (kkal/jam)
Output (kkal/jam)
CH3OH
20.13
43.53
H2 O
9,054.09
19514.84
O2
6,479.30
13967.45
N2
50,534.96
108887.70
CO
1,161.04
2501.97
CH2O
17.73
38.29
Panas dihasilkan
77686.52
Total
144,953.78
144,953.78
4. Preheater (HE-01)
Fungsi
Tujuan
Q1
T1 = 308.77 K
P1 = 1.4 atm
M-02
Q3 (dowtherm A)
T3 = 478 K
Q2
T2 = ?
P2 = 1.4 atm
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/jam)
CH3OH
0.37
489.72
116.99
43.53
H2O
225.25
362.64
86.64
19514.84
O2
184.01
317.72
75.90
13967.45
N2
1455.14
313.22
74.83
108887.70
CO
33.42
313.36
74.86
2501.97
CH2O
0.41
388.09
92.72
38.29
Total
1898.61
Komponen
144953.78
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/jam)
CH3OH
0.37
11,844.62
2829.71
1052.75
H2O
225.25
7,762.83
1854.56
417741.27
O2
184.01
6,833.21
1632.47
300396.17
N2
1455.14
6,608.35
1578.75
2297310.19
CO
33.42
6,648.79
1588.41
53086.27
CH2O
0.41
9,002.47
2150.72
888.30
Total
1898.61
Komponen
3070474.95
= 188,801.21 kg/jam
Neraca Panas Overall di Preheater (HE-01)
Komponen
Input (kkal/jam)
Output (kkal/jam)
CH3OH
43.53
1052.75
H2 O
19514.84
417741.27
O2
13967.45
300396.17
N2
108887.70
2297310.19
CO
2501.97
53086.27
CH2O
38.29
888.30
Panas ditambahkan
2,925,521.17
Total
3070474.95
3070474.95
5. Mixer (M-02)
Fungsi
Tujuan
Q1
T1 = ?
P1 = 1.4 atm
M-02
Q2
T2 = 346.4 K
P2 = 1.4 atm
Q3
T3 =508
P3 = 1.4 atm
Massa
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/jam)
CH3OH
103.05
10,919.79
2608.77
268826.20
H2O
225.52
7,218.14
1724.43
388902.18
O2
184.01
6,352.38
1517.60
279258.02
N2
1455.14
6,152.05
1469.74
2138681.72
CO
33.42
6,186.70
1478.02
49396.78
CH2O
0.41
8,322.05
1988.16
821.16
Total
2001.56
Komponen
3125886.07
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/jam)
CH3OH
102.68
2254.61
538.63
55304.13
H2O
0.27
1634.55
390.50
106.99
Total
102.95
Komponen
55411.12
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/jam)
CH3OH
0.37
11,844.62
2829.71
1052.75
H2O
225.25
7,762.83
1854.56
417741.27
O2
184.01
6,833.21
1632.47
300396.17
N2
1455.14
6,608.35
1578.75
2297310.19
CO
33.42
6,648.79
1588.41
53086.27
CH2O
0.41
9,002.47
2150.72
888.30
Total
1898.61
Komponen
3070474.95
Input (kkal/jam)
Output (kkal/jam)
udara
metanol
gas
CH3OH
1052.75
55304.13
268,826.20
H2O
417741.27
106.99
388,902.18
O2
300396.17
279,258.02
N2
2297310.19
2,138,681.72
CO
53086.27
CH2O
888.30
49,396.78
821.16
3,125,886.07
Total
3,125,886.07
6. Reactor (R-01)
Fungsi
Tujuan
R-01
Q1
T1 = 508 K
P1 = 1.4 atm
H reaksi
Q 4 (dowtherm A)
Q 3 (dowtherm A)
Q2
T1 = 563 K
P1 = 1.4 atm
Kompnen
Hfo298
(kJ/kmol)
CH3OH
-200660
H2O
-241818
CH2O
-108570
CO
-110525
Reaksi utama
1
: CH 3OH O2 CH 2 O H 2 O
2
Reaksi samping
1
: CH 2 O O2
2
CO H 2 O
= -3710097.57 + (-24053.89)
= -2829564.3 kkal/jam
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/jam)
CH3OH
1.65
14,303.32
3417.11
5633.97
H2O
326.92
9,174.44
2191.80
716549.76
O2
133.31
8,079.33
1930.18
257318.57
N2
1455.14
7,785.34
1859.94
2706473.52
CO
41.78
7,842.97
1873.71
78276.30
CH2O
93.87
10,798.62
2579.82
242167.22
Total
2052.67
Komponen
= 2.162 kJ/kg.K
4006419.34
Input (kkal/jam)
Output (kkal/jam)
CH3OH
268826.20
5633.97
H2O
388902.18
716549.76
O2
279258.02
257318.57
N2
2138681.72
2706473.52
CO
49396.78
78276.30
CH2O
821.16
242167.22
Panas Reaksi
3710097.57
2829564.30
Panas Pendingin
Total
6835983.64
6835983.64
Dari preheater
Dari reaktor
448 K
508 K
T-03
Cooling Water
303 K
313 K
Ke preheater
Ke reaktor
478 K
Q steam
T= 373 K
WHB-01
Q2
T1 = 363 K
P1 = 1.2 atm
Q1
T1 = 563 K
P1 = 1.4 atm
Q kondensat
T= 373 K
Komponen
Massa
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/jam)
CH3OH
1.65
4,057.45
969.34
1,598.20
H2O
326.92
2,880.51
688.16
224,975.81
O2
133.31
2,528.62
604.10
80,534.12
N2
1455.14
2,477.05
591.78
861,116.57
CO
41.78
2,482.20
593.01
24,773.50
CH2O
93.87
3,166.72
756.54
71,016.09
Total
2052.67
Q yang diserap
1264014.28
m 5087.47 kg / jam
Input (kkal/jam)
Output (kkal/jam)
CH3OH
5,633.97
1,598.20
H2 O
716,549.76
224,975.81
O2
257,318.57
80,534.12
N2
2,706,473.52
861,116.57
CO
78,276.30
24,773.50
CH2O
242,167.22
71,016.09
2742405.07
Panas diserap
Total
9. Cooler (HE-02)
4,006,419.34
4,006,419.34
Q2
T2 = 323
P2 = 1.2 atm
M-02
Q 3 (cooling water)
T3 = 303 K
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/jam)
CH3OH
1.65
1,146.94
274.01
451.77
H2O
326.92
842.60
201.30
65,809.07
O2
133.31
738.51
176.43
23,520.84
N2
1455.14
727.20
173.73
252,802.59
CO
41.78
727.72
173.86
7,263.01
CH2O
93.87
906.24
216.50
20,323.03
Total
2052.67
Komponen
= Q2 Q1
= 370170.30 - 1264014.28
= -893843.98 kkal/jam
370170.30
Input (kkal/jam)
Output (kkal/jam)
CH3OH
1,598.20
451.77
H2 O
224,975.81
65,809.07
O2
80,534.12
23,520.84
N2
861,116.57
252,802.59
CO
24,773.50
7,263.01
CH2O
71,016.09
20,323.03
893843.98
Panas diserap
Total
1,264,014.28
1,264,014.28
Tujuan
Q4 (produk atas)
T4 = 303 K
Q3 (air)
Q2 (recycle)
T3 = 303
K
AB-01
T2 = 303 K
Q6 (produk utama)
Qpelarutan
T6 = 303 K
Q1
cooler
T1 = 323 K
Q5 (produk bawah)
T5 = 308 K
Q3 = m. Cp. dT
298
Massa
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/jam)
CH3OH
0.47
226.48
54.11
25.16
H2O
279.87
168.25
40.20
11,249.44
O2
133.31
147.39
35.21
4,694.12
N2
1455.14
145.37
34.73
50,534.96
CO
41.78
145.41
34.74
1,451.30
CH2O
0.52
179.70
42.93
22.16
Total
1911.08
67977.15
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/jam)
CH3OH
1.18
226.48
54.11
64.05
H2O
262.83
168.25
40.20
10,564.55
CH2O
93.43
179.70
42.93
4,011.18
Total
357.45
Komponen
14639.78
3) Panas recycle
T produk bawah (T5) = 308 K = 35oC
T recycle (T2) = T produk utama (T6) = 303 K = 30oC
Massa produk bawah yang di recycle dapat dihitung dengan neraca energi pada
absorber:
m5.
308
303
298
298
303
298
298
308
308
303
298
298
298
308
308
298
298
298
303
m6.
m6.
308
308
298
303
xi.Cpi. dT )
xi.Cpi. dT )
m6.
308
Q1 Q3 Qs Q4 m6.
xi.Cpi. dT
298
m2 =
308
xi.Cpi. dT
303
308
Nilai m6.
xi.Cpi. dT :
298
Massa
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
CH3OH
1.18
454.40
108.56
128.50
H2O
262.83
336.63
80.42
21,137.27
CH2O
93.43
360.16
86.04
8,039.35
Total
357.45
Komponen
Q (kkal/jam)
29305.12
308
Nilai
xi.Cpi. dT :
303
Komponen
Massa
(kmol/jam)
xi
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
xi.Cp.dT
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
CH3OH
1.18
0.003
454.40
108.56
0.18
H2O
262.83
0.735
336.63
80.42
29.58
CH2O
93.43
0.261
360.16
86.04
11.27
Total
357.45
1.00
m2 =
41.03
m2 = 40856.16 kmol/jam
Panas recycle:
Massa
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
CH3OH
135.30
226.48
54.11
7,320.65
H2O
30041.30
168.25
40.20
1,207,529.58
CH2O
10679.56
179.70
42.93
458,478.47
Total
40856.16
Komponen
Q (kkal/jam)
1673328.70
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
CH3OH
136.48
454.40
108.56
14,816.11
H2O
30304.12
336.63
80.42
2,437,130.46
CH2O
10773.00
360.16
86.04
926,938.58
Total
41213.60
Komponen
Q (kkal/jam)
3378885.15
Input (kkal/jam)
gas
air
Output (kkal/jam)
recycle
produk atas
produk bawah
7,320.65
25.16
14,816.11
11,249.44
2,437,130.46
CH3OH
451.77
H2O
65,809.07
O2
23,520.84
4,694.12
N2
252,802.59
50,534.96
CO
7,263.01
1,451.30
CH2O
20,323.03
19,420.46 1,207,529.58
458,478.47
22.16
926,938.58
Qpelarutan 1383942.85
Total
3,446,862.30
3,446,862.30
Q2
T2 = 303
P2 = 1 atm
M-02
Q 3 (cooling water)
T3 = 303 K
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol)
CH3OH
136.48
226.48
54.11
7,384.69
H2O
30304.12
168.25
40.20
1,218,094.13
CH2O
10773.00
179.70
42.93
462,489.65
Total
41213.60
Komponen
1687968.47
Q (kkal/jam)
= Q2 Q1
= 1687968.47 - 3378885.15
= -1690916.68 kkal/jam
Input (kkal/jam)
Output (kkal/jam)
CH3OH
14,816.11
7384.69
H2 O
2,437,130.46
1218094.13
CH2O
926,938.58
462489.65
1690916.68
Panas diserap
Total
3,378,885.15
3,378,885.15
: Mengembalikan gas produk atas absorber yang akan recycle ke fresh feed
udara dan membuang sisanya ke atmosfer.
Q3
T3 = 303 K
P3 = 1 atm
M-01
Q1 = 67977.15 kkal/jam
Q2 = 54381.72 kkal/jam
Panas gas yang di-purging:
T = 303 K = 300C
Komponen
Massa
Cp.dT
Cp.dT
(kmol/jam)
(kJ/kmol)
(kkal/kmol) (kkal/jam)
CH3OH
0.09
226.48
54.11
5.03
H2O
55.97
168.25
40.20
2,249.89
O2
26.66
147.39
35.21
938.82
N2
291.03
145.37
34.73
10,106.99
CO
8.36
145.41
34.74
290.26
CH2O
0.10
179.70
42.93
4.43
Total
382.22
13595.43
Input (kkal/jam)
Output (kkal/jam)
recycle
purging
CH3OH
25.16
20.13
5.03
H2O
11,249.44
8,999.55
2,249.89
O2
4,694.12
3,755.30
938.82
N2
50,534.96
40,427.97
10,106.99
CO
1,451.30
1,161.04
290.26
CH2O
22.16
17.73
4.43
Total
67,977.15
67,977.15