Chemistry

Name _______________________________ Period ___ Date ___/___/___

T h e M o l e C o n c e p t U n i t 4

Moles, Molecules, and Grams Lab

As weve already discussed in class its easy to ma!e conversions "etween moles molecules/#ormula units and $rams% &or e'ample i# we want to $o #rom moles to $rams we use the molar mass to ma!e this conversion% (# we want to $o #rom moles to molecules we use Avo$adros num"er or )%*+ ' ,*+-% &inally i# we want to $o #rom $rams to molecules/#ormula units we .ust use a two step process where we #irst convert #rom $rams to moles and then #rom moles to molecules/&%U% /isually it loo!s li!e this0 Molar mass 1rams Units )%*+ ' ,*+Moles Molecules/&ormula

(n this la" we will "e wei$hin$ out #ive di##erent su"stances then #indin$ out how many moles and molecules/&%U% o# each one we have% Prelab0 (# you measure out +2%* $rams o# Na34 in this la" how many moles o# Na34 would you have5 4ow many #ormula units5 +2%* $ 6 7, mole/ -8%889$: ;*%)+2 moles *%)+2 moles 6 7)%*+6,*<+- molecules/ , mole: ; -%9) 6 ,*<+- &ormula Units Lab0 (n this la" there are #ive di##erent "alances set up each o# which has a la"eled su"stance in a little .ar ne't to it% =our .o" is to #ind out how many moles and how many molecules o# each su"stance are in the canister% >ome Ma!e in#ormation you mi$ht #ind use#ul0 sand "a!in$ soda 7Na4C3-: chal! 7CaC3-: ta"le salt 7NaCl: su$ar0 sucrose 7C,+4++3,,: sure that your la" has a data ta"le that contains the #ollowin$0 The name o# each o# these su"stances The #ormula #or each o# these su"stances The molar mass o# each o# these su"stances The mass in $rams o# each o# these su"stances%

?hen you are done wei$hin$ each material calculate the num"er o# moles o# each material and the num"er o# molecules o# each one and put them in the ri$ht space% All calculations must "e shown on lined paper with all conversion #actors and unit cancellin$%

Data Table: Name >and &ormula >i3+ Molar Mass +@%*8 -+%** Aa!in$ soda Na4C3;)*%*8 $ ++%88 ,%**@ )*%*, Chal! CaC3;@4%**@ $ 4*%*@ )*%*, Ta"le salt NaCl ;,**%*8 $ ++%88 -2%42 >u$ar0 sucrose C,+4++3,, ;2@%44 $ ,+%*,7,+:; ,44%,+ ,%**@7++:;++%9) ,)%** 7,,:; ,9) ;-4+%8) $ Calculations0 Usin$ your data #ind the #ollowin$ values% Ma!e sure to show all wor! and write all num"ers with the correct si$ni#icant #i$ures% ,a% Num"er o# moles o# sand0 ,%9 moles )%4*$ 6 7,mol/)*%*8$: ; ; *%,*)2*9moles 2%**4 $ 2%82 $ -%2+ $ 4%-* $ Mass 7$: )%4* $

"% Num"er o# molecules o# sand0 _)%44',*++ molecules__________ *%,*9moles ' 7)%*+',*+-molecules/,mol: ; )%44,4 ' ,*++ molecules

+a% Num"er o# moles o# "a!in$ soda0 _*%*2,+moles_________ 4%-*$ ' 7,mole/ @4%*,$: ; *%*2,+ moles

"% Num"er o# #ormula units o# "a!in$ soda0 ____-%*@',*++ &%U% _______

*%*2,+moles ' 7)%*+',*+-molecules/,mol: ; -%*@',*++ &%U%

-% Num"er o# #ormula units o# chal!0 ___+%,+',*++ &%U% -%2+$ ' 7,mol/,**%*8$: ' 7)%*+',*+-molecules/,mol: ; +%,+',*++ &%U%

4% Num"er o# #ormula units o# salt0 ____)%,- ' ,*++ &%U______ 2%82$ ' 7,mol/2@%44$: ; *%,*+moles *%,*+moles ' 7)%*+ ' ,*+-molecules/, mole: ; )%,- ' ,*++ &%U

2% Num"er o# molecules o# su$ar0 ___@%9@ ' ,*+, molecules _______ 2%**4$ ' 7,mol/-4+%8)$: ; *%*,4)mol *%*,4)mol ' 7)%*+',*+-molecules/ ,mol: ; @%9@ ' ,*+,molecules

Post Lab Questions: ,% ?hich o# the materials we wor!ed with had the lar$est num"er o# molecules/#ormula units5 ?as this the material that had the lar$est wei$ht5 ?hy5 >and was the material with the lar$est num"er o# #ormula units% (t had the lar$est wei$ht overall so sand had the most molecules in the measurement

+% ?ater has a molecular #ormula o# 4+3% (# ( have 2*%* $ o# water how many moles o# water do ( have5 4ow many molecules5 2*%*$ ' 7,mol/ ,@%*+$: ; +%992moles 4+3

There are +%9@moles in 2*%*$ 4+3 +%9@moles ' 7)%*+',*+-molecules/,mol: ; ,%)9* molecules There are ,%)9 molecules in 2*%*$ 4+3

-% Autane has a molecular #ormula o# C44,*% (# ( have 2*%* $rams o# "utane how many moles o# natural $as do ( have5 4ow many molecules5 2*%*$ ' 7,mol/2@%,+$: ; *%@)*- moles There are *%@)* moles in 2*%* $rams o# "utane *%@)*moles ' 7)%*+',*+-molecules/,mol: ; 2%,98 ' ,*+- molecules There are 2%,@ ' ,*<+- molecules

4% ( had the same wei$ht o# water and "utane in pro"lems - and 4% ?hy didnt the answer come out the same5 B'plain% ?ater and Autane donCt have the same wei$ht "ecause they donCt have the same molecular #ormulas and the same composition%

1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

salt baking power sugar sand chalk