Jacob Minty 12/6/13 Period 2 Science 2 Summative Photosynthesis Lab

Photosynthesis Equation

SUMMATIVE PHOTOSYTHESIS LAB PROBLEM: How does doubling the amount of carbon dioxide from .5g of bisodium carbonate dissolved in 100mL of water to 1g. Dissolved in 100mL of water affect the rate of photosynthesis in elodea? HYPOTHESIS: If the quota of carbon dioxide is increased using the steps from the problem above, then the rate of the bubbles being released will increase by 50%. THEORY: Photosynthesis is the process where plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods. Photosynthesis takes the reactants, carbon dioxide and water, and produce them into sugars and oxygen by using the suns energy. I believe if carbon dioxide is increased, then the rate of photosynthesis will increase by at least 50%. When there is more CO2 in the air, more plants grow. It is the main material utilized by plants to produce an organic matter out of which they construct their tissues. I predicted that the rate of the bubbles being released would increase by 50% because by doubling the amount the amount of baking soda that would increase the amount of carbon dioxide made which would be in the use of photosynthesis. PROCEDURE FOR CARBON DIOXIDE (BAKING SODA) 1. Measure and cut at an angle elodea 7 to 9 cm. 2. Remove a few leaves from end of stem and slightly crush end of stem. 3. Measure mass in grams and record. 4. Put elodea stem side up in a test tube. 5. Fill test tube with water and baking soda solution (1 gram to 100 mL of water). 6. Put tube in rack and adjust lamp with blue light 5 cm from top of test tube. 7. Turn on lamp and wait 1 minute. 8. After 1 minute, begin counting small, medium and large bubbles for 3 minutes. Record data. 9. Repeat with .5 grams and 100mL of water. 10. Repeat for Trial 2

DATA/OBSERVATIONS:
Trial 1 ___grams
CO2 1 gram

Oxygen Produced in 3 minutes with .5 and 1g baking soda

Medium x 2 2x2=4 Large x 3 0x3=0 Total 5+4+0=9

Small x 1 5x1=5

.5 gram

46 x 1 = 46

5 x 2 = 10

0x3=0

46 + 10 + 0 =56

Notes: Trial 2 _____grams

Small x 1 CO2 1 gram .5 gram 1x1=1 4x1=4

Oxygen produced in 3 minutes at 5 and 10 cm

Medium x 2 5 x 2 = 10 27 x 2 = 54 Large x 3 25 x 3 = 75 8 x 3 = 24 Total 1 + 10 + 75 =86 4 + 54 + 24 = 82

Trial 1 Trial 2 Total/2 Average

.5g 82 56 138/2 59

1g 86 9 95/2 47.5

2013 AVERAGE DATA IN 3 MINUTES FROM 5 DIFFERENT CLASSES Baking Soda

.5g CLASS PERIOD AVERAGES 1 2 3 4 6 7 TOTAL/5 AVERAGE 1g % Oxygen Decrease/Increase

108 69 33.7 23.7 26.3 3.8 264.5/6 44.1

139 47 26.5 14.3 36.3 72.8 335.9/6 56

22.3% increase 31.9% decrease 21.4% decrease 39.7% decrease 27.5% increase 94.8% increase 21.3% increase

Comparison of CO2
80 Average Oxygen In 3 Minutes 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Period 2 All Clases 47.5 44.1 0.5g 1g 69 56

Conclusion: In this lab, my group experimented whether doubling the amount of carbon dioxide from .5g of bisodium carbonate dissolved in 100mL of water to 1g, doubled the amount of photosynthesis. I hypothesized that if the quota of carbon dioxide is increased, then the rate of the bubbles being released will increase by 50% more. My group got a 31.9% increase in oxygen with 50% LESS carbon dioxide. However, the average decrease in oxygen with 50% less carbon dioxide was 21.3%. In conclusion my hypothesis was correct 50% of the time. Evaluation/Analysis: Throughout the experiment I scrutinized countless discrepancies in the data. One thing I noticed was that period 1 had a much higher amount of bubbles both in .5g and 1g; period 1 had 108 in .5g and 139 in 1g. The range in the data for .5g was 108 and 3.8, which vacates up to 104.2 for the range of .5g. The range for 1g was 139 and 14.3, which leaves it up to 124.7 for the range of 1g. I also noticed that there were three increases (periods 1,6, and 7) and three decreases (periods 2,3, and 4) but the average was an increase. Those are some discrepancies in the data from the group of carbon dioxide (baking soda.) In this lab I noticed an innumerable amount of inconsistent results in the data. Period 1 was the main inconsistent group in both .5g and 1g in .5g they got 108 and in 1g they got 139. If you took period 1 out of the experiment the average for .5g would be 31.3 and the original version was

44.1 which is 12.8 less then the original version. That is a big discrepancy in the data and would change this experiment completely. The average if you took out period 1 from the experiment for 1g would be 39.8 the original version was 56 so it was 16.2 less then the original version. That is a huge discrepancy in the data and completely changes the experiment. Those are some reasons why the results where inconsistent. In this lab my group tested carbon dioxide (baking soda) these are some reasons why we could change the experiment to make it more reliable. One reason is a lot of people got confused if the bubbles were of the stem or not. One reason how we could change this is we could get multiple people to watch at the experiment instead of just one or two. Also people could get confused with whether it was small or medium or medium or large. A way we could change this to make it more reliable is again making multiple people watch it and also we should see an example of a small bubble and a medium bubble and a large bubble before we perform the experiment. Other then that I think a lot of people understood and was a well organized experiment. BIBLIOGRAPHY Coolidge-Stolz M.D., Elizabeth, et al. Focus On Life Science. Boston, Mass: Prentice Hall, 2008. Washington State Department of Ecology. American Waterweed- A Common Native Plant. February 24, 2003. November 2013. <http://www.ecy.wa.gov/Programs/wq/plants/native/elodea.html> Young, Paul. The Botany Coloring Book. Cambridge, New York: Harper and Row, 1982. "Credo Reference Where Are You From?" Credo Reference Where Are You From? N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2013. "What Is Photosynthesis?" What Is Photosynthesis? N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2013.