My hc

Ni dung
Vai tr ca hc my trong tr tu nhn to. Hc my l g? ng dng ca hc my. V d v thut ton hc my. Cc lnh vc lin quan n hc my. Cc bc ca hc my. Cc vn c bn trong hc my.

Nhng vn ct li ca TTNT
Biu din (representation). Lp lun (reasoning). Hc (learning). Tng tc (interaction).

Th no l hc?
Nh v lm li (hc vt). Hc nh quan st v khi qut ho (hc hiu). nh ngha ca H. Simon. Hc l s thay i thch ng trong h thng gip cho h thng c th x l vn ngy cng hiu qu hn khi gp li nhng tnh hung tng t

Hc lm g?
Hc l cn thit trong nhng mi trng cha quen thuc, Hc l mt phng php hu hiu xy dng h thng Hc l cch cc chng trnh thng minh c th hiu chnh hnh vi tng hiu qu gii quyt vn .

Learning agents

ng dng ca hc my
Hin hc my c ng dng trn nhiu lnh vc do: Mt lot cc thut ton hc my ra i. C s l thuyt c xy dng ngy cng y . D liu ngy cng nhiu v d tha nhng tri thc cn th thiu. Sc mnh tnh ton ca my tnh c nng cao. Nhiu ngnh khoa hc mi ny n (VD Bioinformatics)/

ng dng ca hc my
Data Mining. Aerospace. Automotive. Banking. Defense. Electronics. Robotics Speech. Securities. Telecommunications. Transportation.

Cc phng php hc my
Inductive Concept Learning. Decision Trees. Artificial Neural Networks. Bayesian Belief Networks. Support Vector Machines. Learning Markov Processes. Instance-Based (Lazy) Learning. Learning by Explanation. Learning by Reinforcement. Heuristic Learning (GAs, GP, ...). Rule Induction. ........

Cc Lnh Vc Lin Quan

Cc bc trong hc my
1. Pht biu bi ton: Hc = Ci thin kh nng thc hin nhim v T ca h thng da trn kinh nghim E vi o cht lng thc hin nhim v P. V d: Xy dng chng trnh chi c tng thng minh. T: chi c tng (ngi-my, my-my). P: s phn trm vn thng khi chi vi cc kin tng quc gia. E: Kinh nghim t nhng vn t chi (my-my).

Cc bc trong hc my
T: chi c tng (ngi-my, my-my). P: s phn trm vn thng khi chi vi cc kin tng quc gia. Vn : Thu thp kinh nghim (d liu) E u? nh th no? u l thnh phn cn hc trong chng trnh? Biu din thnh phn nh th no? Dng thut ton g hc?

Cc bc trong hc my

2. Xc nh kiu d liu dng cho hun luyn:

Phn hi trc tip hay gin tip? C gim st hay khng c gim st? (c u ra l tng khng?). D liu c mang tnh i din cho ch ca qu trnh hc khng?

Cc bc trong hc my

2. Xc nh kiu d liu dng cho hun luyn:

Phn hi trc tip hay gin tip (c tr)? C gim st hay khng c gim st? (c u ra l tng khng?). D liu c mang tnh i din cho ch ca qu trnh hc khng?

Cc bc trong hc my
3. Xc nh thnh phn hc (hm mc tiu): f: Board Move. Xc nh trc tip: V: Board R V d nh ngha hm gi tr nh sau: b l trng thi bn c thng cuc: V(b)=100. b l trng thi bn c thua cuc: V(b)=-100. b l trng thi bn c ho: V(b)=0. Nu b khng phi l trng thi kt th V(b)=V(b). Trong b l trng thi kt tt nht c th n c t b thng qua chui nc i ti u.

Cc bc trong hc my
4. Xc nh biu din cho hm mc tiu: Mng Neural? Tp lut ? Cy quyt nh? Biu thc gii tch tin ho t lp trnh GEN? Dng hm a thc trn cc c trng ca bn c? (v d s lng xe, pho, m, tt, tng, s).

Cc bc trong hc my
Xc nh biu din cho hm mc tiu: V d: Dng hm a thc trn cc c trng ca bn c? (v d s lng xe, pho, m, tt, tng, s). w0+w1xe+w2ph+w3ma+w4to+w5tu+w6sy

Cc bc trong hc my
5. Thu thp d liu v la chn thut ton hc: Hm mc tiu V(b). Hm hc c V(b). Vtrain(b): Gi tr u ra l tng trong tp mu. c lng gi tr u ra l tng: Vtrain(b)=V(Successor(b)).

Cc bc trong hc my
Thut ton hc: Lut cp nht trng s LMS: Lp: Chn mu hun luyn b ngu nhin. 1. Tnh li: Error(b)=Vtrain(b) - V(b). 2. i vi mi c trng fi ca bn c: wi = wi + c . fi . Error(b) Trong c l tc hc (v d 0.1).

Tm tt cc bc la chn

Mt s vn trong hc my
Khi no mt thut ton hc hot ng tt? S lng mu nh hng n cht lng hc nh th no? nh hng ca phc tp ca biu din Kh nng x l nhiu d liu? Kh nng t sa i cu trc biu din? Kh nng hc c? S dng tri thc sn c? Hc theo m phng sinh hc v t nhin?