GRID CONNECTION, PARALLELING SWITCHGEAR, & GENSET CONTROLLERS

IAWWA MEETING MAY 6, 2008

TOPICS About Enercon Engineering System Configurations Grid Connection Switchgear New Multi-Function Generator Set Controllers

ABOUT ENERCON ENGINEERING

Founded in 1975, grown to over 200 employees Switchgear and Controls Manufacturing Engine / Genset Packaging
Enclosures Heat Recovery MicroTurbines Engine / Genset Load Testing, Resistive & Reactive Engineering Switchgear and controls manufacturing Genset and engine packaging Field service center

Main facility located in E. Peoria, IL

Packaging facility in Barnesville, GA Overseas office located in Singapore

Sales Service Engineering

SINGLE UTILITY & MULTIPLE GENERATORS

INCOMING UTILITY

UTILITY CB

FEEDER CBs

GEN CB

GEN

GEN

GEN

BUILDING LOADS

GEN.

GEN.

GEN.

SINGLE UTILITY & MULTIPLE GENERATORS

INCOMING UTILITY

UTILITY CB

TIE CB FEEDER CBs GEN CB

GEN

GEN

GEN

BUILDING LOADS

GEN.

GEN.

GEN.

MULTIPLE UTILITIES & SINGLE GENERATOR

INCOMING UTILITY #1 INCOMING UTILITY #2

UTILITY #1 CB TIE CB

UTILITY #2 CB

FEEDER CBs

GEN CB

GEN

BUILDING LOADS

BUILDING LOADS

GEN.

MULTIPLE UTILITIES & MULTIPLE GENERATORS

INCOMING UTILITY #1 INCOMING UTILITY #2

UTILITY #1 CB TIE CB

UTILITY #2 CB

FEEDER CBs

GEN CB

GEN

GEN

GEN.

BUILDING LOADS

BUILDING LOADS

GEN.

SINGLE UTILITY & MULTIPLE GENERATORS

INCOMING UTILITY

UTILITY CB

FEEDER CBs

GEN CB

GEN

GEN

GEN

BUILDING LOADS

GEN.

GEN.

GEN.

SINGLE UTILITY & MULTIPLE GENERATORS

INCOMING UTILITY

UTILITY CB

TIE CB FEEDER CBs GEN CB

GEN

GEN

GEN

BUILDING LOADS

GEN.

GEN.

GEN.

MULTIPLE UTILITIES & SINGLE GENERATOR

INCOMING UTILITY #1 INCOMING UTILITY #2

UTILITY #1 CB TIE CB

UTILITY #2 CB

FEEDER CBs

GEN CB

GEN

BUILDING LOADS

BUILDING LOADS

GEN.

MULTIPLE UTILITIES & MULTIPLE GENERATORS

INCOMING UTILITY #1 INCOMING UTILITY #2

UTILITY #1 CB TIE CB

UTILITY #2 CB

FEEDER CBs

GEN CB

GEN

GEN

GEN.

BUILDING LOADS

BUILDING LOADS

GEN.

MULTIPLE UTILITIES & MULTIPLE GENERATORS

INCOMING UTILITY INCOMING UTILITY

UTILITY CB

TIE CB

UTILITY CB

FEEDER CBs

GEN CB

GEN

GEN

BUILDING LOADS

BUILDING LOADS

GEN.

GEN.

MULTIPLE UTILITIES & MULTIPLE GENERATORS

INCOMING UTILITY INCOMING UTILITY UTILITY CB UTILITY CB

TIE CB

TIE CB

TIE CB

FEEDER CBs

FEEDER CBs

BUILDING LOADS

BUILDING LOADS

GEN

GEN

PARALLEL WITH UTILITY (GRID CONNECTION)

Utility Approval Single-Line of proposed system Schematics, circuit breaker tripping and closing logic System fault study Approval of proposed relaying Approval Proposed relay settings On-site testing and certification of protection system

OPERATING MODE REQUIREMENTS Isolated Systems (standby/prime) - Load Control

! kW Load Sharing with Governors ! kVAR Sharing with Voltage Regulators.

Parallel With Utility - Load Control

! kW load control for engine governor system ! Power factor control for generator voltage regulator

GRID CONNECTION OPERATING MODES Base load Import control Export control Zero power transfer

BASE LOAD
900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 -100 TIME LOAD UTILITY CONTRIBUTION GENERATOR CONTRIBUTION UTILITY LOAD GENERATOR BASE LOAD CONTROLS A FIXED GENERATOR kW.. OUTPUT LEVEL. IF THE LOAD IS GREATER THAN THE GENERATOR OUTPUT, POWER IS IMPORTED FROM THE UTILITY. IF THE LOAD IS LESS THAN THE GENERATOR OUTPUT, POWER IS EXPORTED TO THE UTILITY.

K I L O W A T T S

IMPORT CONTROL
900 800 IMPORT MODE CONTROLS A FIXED IMPORTED kW.. LEVEL FROM THE INCOMING UTILITY. AS THE LOAD VARIES, THE GENERATOR kW.. OUTPUT VARIES AND IS EQUAL TO THE LOAD MINUS THE IMPORTED kW..

K I L O W A T T S

700 600 500 400 300 200 UTILITY 100 0 GENERATOR

LOAD

TIME LOAD UTILITY CONTRIBUTION GENERATOR CONTRIBUTION

ZERO POWER TRANSFER

A. THE GENERATOR BREAKER CLOSES AND THE GENERATOR STARTS TO LOAD WHICH REDUCES THE UTILITY kW.. B. THE UTILITY kW.. IS REDUCED TO ZERO AND UTILITY BREAKER OPENS. SITE POWERED BY GENERATOR. C. AFTER THE GENERATOR IS RE-SYNCHRONIZED TO THE UTILITY, UTILITY BREAKER IS CLOSED AND THE GENERATOR UNLOADING IS STARTED. D. THE GENERATOR kW.. IS REDUCED TO ZERO AND GENERATOR BREAKER OPENS. SITE NOW POWERED BY UTILITY.

1000 900 K I L O W A T T S 800

700 600

LOAD

500 400
300 200 100

GENERATOR

UTILITY

UTILITY

GENERATOR

B TIME UTILITY

LOAD GENERATOR CONTRIBUTION

POWER FACTOR CONTROL

WITHOUT GENERATION Kw LOAD CONSUMTION: UTILITY CONTRIBUTION: 1000 1000 kVARS 750 750 kVA 1250 1250 pF. 0.8 0.8

GENERATION WITHOUT PROPER PF CONTROLLER ADJUSTMENT Kw LOAD CONSUMTION: UTILITY CONTRIBUTION: GEN. CONTRIBUTION: 1000 500 500 kVARS 750 525 225 kVA 1250 725 548 pF. 0.8 0.69 0.91 -- PF. SET

GENERATION WITH PROPER PF CONTROLLER ADJUSTMENT Kw LOAD CONSUMTION: UTILITY CONTRIBUTION: GEN. CONTRIBUTION: 1000 500 500 kVARS 750 375 375 kVA 1250 625 625 pF. 0.8 0.8 0.8 -- PF. SET

MAIN BUS AND CIRCUIT BREAKERS Bus Ratings

! Ampere capacity
! Physical size ! Spacing

! Short circuit rating

! Bracing

Circuit Breaker Ratings

! Ampere capacity ! Interrupting rating

MEDIUM VOLTAGE MAIN BUS

TRANSITION

MAIN BUS INSULATING BOOTS

RISERS

LOW VOLTAGE MAIN BUS & RISERS

MAIN BUS

RISERS

MAIN BUS SUPPORTS

LOW VOLTAGE MAIN BUS

BUS BRACING

LOW VOLTAGE RISERS

BUS RISERS

MAIN BUS SIZING

3700 AMP. THROUGH BUS

4000 AMP. MAIN BUS 2000 AMP. RISERS 2000 AMP. BREAKER 2000 AMP. BREAKER 2000 AMP. FEEDER BREAKER

2000 AMP. FEEDER BREAKER

GEN. 1850 AMP.

GEN. 1850 AMP.

2000 AMP. CABLES TO LOAD

3700 AMP. TOTAL

MAIN BUS SIZING

< 2000 AMP. THROUGH BUS

2000 AMP. MAIN BUS 2000 AMP. RISERS 2000 AMP. FEEDER BREAKER 2000 AMP. BREAKER 2000 AMP. BREAKER

2000 AMP. FEEDER BREAKER

2000 AMP. CABLES TO LOAD

GEN. 1850 AMP.

GEN. 1850 AMP.

2000 AMP. CABLES TO LOAD

3700 AMP. TOTAL

INCOMING UTILITY

CIRCUIT BREAKER Mtg. COMPARISION DRAW-OUT VS. FIXED

52F3 52U, 52F1, 52F2, 52F3, AND 52ET ARE DRAWOUT TYPE DRAWOUT BREAKER SYMBOL

52U

52F1

52F2

52ET

SITE LOAD

52 DESIGNATIONS ET - EMERGENCY TIE F - FEEDER G - GENERATOR U - UTILITY 52G3 52G1, 52G2, AND 52G3 ARE FIXED MOUNTED TYPE FIXED BREAKER SYMBOL

52G1

52G2

G1

G2

G3

INTEGRATED CONTROLLER FUNCTIONS Engine Start/Stop, Protection, Metering, & Control Generator Protection, Metering, & Control Multi-set Communications Utility and Tie Controller Modules Some Include Programmable Logic Functions (PLC)

ENGINE PROTECTION & MONITORING Engine Protective Device Connections

Digital (switch) Inputs, no parameter display Analog Sensor Inputs, parameter display J1939 CAN Bus Communications, parameter display Pre-Alarm (Warning) & Shutdowns

Interfacing With Other Factory Genset Controllers

Cat EMCP3.X Detroit/MTU 550

ENGINE CONTROL Starter output contact Fuel solenoid contact Magnetic Pickup input (RPM) Cycle crank, overcrank timers Cooldown timer Warm-up timer Many other user settable timers Engine Auto/Manual switch Governor biasing for kW load sharing / kW load control

GENERATOR PROTECTION & MONITORING

PT and CT connections (some accept 600v direct, no PTs) RTD Analog Modules for Bearing and Winding Temperature (not all) Protective Functions
Reverse Power Reverse VARS (Loss of Excitation) (not all) Over/Under Voltage Over/Under Frequency Negative Phase Sequence Overcurrent, IEC IMDT Curves (not all) Ground Fault (not all)

GENERATOR METERING
Amperage, each phase Voltage, each phase to phase Frequency Power Factor kW, kVAR kWH, kVARH Synchroscope w/ bus voltage and frequency display

GENERATOR CONTROL

Circuit breaker trip and close output contact Voltage Regulator Biasing (voltage setting)
Automatic Synchronizing w/ Voltage Matching PF Control When Paralleled to Utility kVAR Sharing when Island operation used

MULTISET CONTROL
First Up Sensing, Dead Bus Closing Import and Zero Power Transfer Control Loss of Utility Voltage Sensing Tie Breaker Control (not all) Starting on Load Demand (most require equal rated gensets)

CONFIGURATION & SOFTWARE

User Friendly Software (not all) Built-in USB Port (not all) Built-in Ethernet TCP/IP port (not all) RS232 / RS485 Ports CAN Bus Port (option for some) Most manufactures now have optional SCADA Software Available

MULTISET COMMUNICATIONS
INCOMING UTILITY #1 INCOMING UTILITY #2

Each Breaker: PTs, 2 sources CTs Close signal Trip signal Aux. contacts

LS4

LS4

LS4

GEN

BUILDING LOADS

BUILDING LOADS

GEN

GCP

CANBus Communications

GCP

CONTROLLER COMMUNIATIONS

CAN bus (Controller Area Network)

J1939 standard Variances between manufactures http://www.embedded.com/columns/murphyslaw/1300 0304 Google CANBus for more information

MULTI-FUNCTION CONTROLLER

DEIF AGC Genset / Mains Controller

MULTI-FUNCTION CONTROLLER

Woodward EASYGEN Genset Controller

MULTI-FUNCTION CONTROLLER

Woodward GCP-31 Genset Controller

MULTI-FUNCTION CONTROLLER

Woodward LS-4 Utility/Tie Controller

MULTI-FUNCTION CONTROLLER
Deep Sea Electronics 5510 Genset Controller Deep Sea Electronics 5560 Mains Controller

Questions ?

Thank You For Your Time !!