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1) Objectives of the Interview I think that my job is to observe people and the world, and not to judge them. I always hope to position myself away from so-called conclusions. I would like to leave everything wide open to all the possibilities in the world. Haruki Murakami Interviewer: To obtain information that will help to predict job performance. To inform applicants about the job and organization. To determine whether the applicant's "personal chemistry" will be compatible with that of others in the organization. Interviewee: To present oneself as the most favorable candidate for the job. To gain information about the organizations as a future place of employment. To test personal chemistry. 3) Accent: The accent of one's birthplace persists in the mind and heart as much as in speech. La Rouchefoucauld An accent is a way that a person or large group of people (generally grouped by a nationality or specific area) speaks. Despite the language, there may be some variation in how that group speaks. Those could be through long or short vowels, speed of talking, intonation, diction, stress, syllables, formality when speaking to others, pitch and slang. An accent is the stress on a syllable or words spoken by a person of specific language. For Eg., A person speaking semi as say-my and using word apartment is considered using American accent. The semi spoken as sem,I and word flat used for living is considered using British accent.

4) Extempore: Katherina. Where did you study all this goodly speech? Petruchio. It is extempore, from my mother-wit. Shakespeare An extempore speech competition is one in which the participants are given a topic and limited time on the spot in which they have to prepare a speech relevant to the topic, memorize it and speak it.

5) Tips for good presentation: No audience ever complained about a presentation or speech being too short Stephen Keague Effective Presentations Presentations are mostly practiced by students and professionals, and they are a great way to convey ideas as well as educate and convince people. Giving a presentation is not an easy task; it requires substantial research, organization, public speaking skills, and self confidence. A good presenter has the ability to engage his or her listeners from beginning to end and compel them to take action. Those wh o wish to learn presentation skills can get training from expert presenters through classes or courses, or they can follow presentation tips that are available on the Internet. Here are some great tips and tricks for effective presentations, as well as links to related websites. Organizing Your Presentation

Choose an appropriate presentation structure: topical, chronological, classification by categories, problem and solution, or cause and effect. Divide the body of your presentation into three to five main points. The conclusion should include a summary of the main points of the presentation and leave the audience with something that is worth remembering and pondering.

Public Speaking Tips

Avoid slang and jargon. Use anecdotes and practical examples to make complicated concepts more comprehensible.

Speak in varying tones and pitches to give emphasis to certain words and ideas. Deliver your speech slowly and clearly. When gesturing, make sure that it is natural and spontaneous. Maintain eye contact with the audience.

Presentation Design

Do not overload slides with a lot of text. Use the PowerPoint Notes to remind yourself what to say when a certain slide is being shown. Prepare a Table of Contents slide with the Summary Slide feature. Include a slide that shows your company logo. Use graphics only when appropriate.

6) Debate: "I may be wrong and you may be right and, by an effort, we may get nearer the truth." Karl Popper Debate is a formal contest of argumentation between two teams or individuals. More broadly, and more importantly, debate is an essential tool for developing and maintaining democracy and open societies. More than a mere verbal or performance skill, debate embodies the ideals of reasoned argument, tolerance for divergent points of view and rigorous self-examination. Debate is, above all, a way for those who hold opposing views to discuss controversial issues without descending to insult, emotional appeals or personal bias. A key trademark of debate is that it rarely ends in agreement, but rather allows for a robust analysis of the question at hand. Perhaps this is what French philosopher Joseph Joubert meant when he said: It is better to debate a question without settling it, than to settle a question without debating it.

7) Various types of interview: To ensure the availability of best talent for recruitment, companies are making their recruitment processes more robust. As such, many new interviewing methods have come into existence. It is important to know about them because you never know when a lucrative opportunity comes by. You may obviously not want to miss it because of your lack of knowledge.

The Screening Interview is the first round of selection where candidates are shortlisted on the basis of their skill set. The Informational Interview happens even if there are no current openings with the company. A lot of people, especially fresh graduates, contact the management for information gathering or counseling.

The Roundabout Method gives the opportunity to lead the discussion. The interviewers usually ask open ended questions like tell me about you." The Stress Interview judges your capabilities to cope with stressful situations. Your thoughts and views can be challenged during the interview. You may be made to wait for long and greeted with cold stares in the interview room. The Audition interviews are the ones where a candidate's skill set is tested through practical exercises. The Group Discussion is usually conducted during campus recruitments and involve discussion of an issue with the other candidates or solving a problem collectively. These interviews are aimed at reviewing your analytical and communication skills. Mealtime Interview is usually meant to hire people for senior levels. Interview over a meal is an excellent indicator of what you are like in a social setting. The Follow-up Interview happens after the screening interviews. Such interviews are conducted when the recruiter is already convinced about your candidature and needs to go over things in finer details. DETAILED ANSWERS:

1) Effective Group Discussions: Tips 1. Create an inclusive environment Opportunities for reflection: What do the participants bring to the group? (Characteristics that may give you a unique perspective) Self-awareness; awareness of others: What do I bring to the group? What surprises or challenges me? What behaviors am I most familiar or comfortable with? What behaviors challenge me? Dos and Donts: Do: Allow participants to introduce themselves you can even set up an ice breaker to have pairs of students introduce each other. Be clear up front about expectations and intentions amongst participants and the facilitator. Use inclusive language. Ask for clarification if unclear about a participants intent or question.

Treat participants with respect and consideration. Develop an awareness for barriers for learning (cultural; social; experiential, etc). Provide sufficient time and space for participants to gather their thoughts and contribute to discussions. Provide opportunities for participants to pair-share. Dont: Use certain conventions or language that will exclude certain groups from understanding the context of the discussion, or make them feel uncomfortable. Assume participants all have the same expectations when the group first convenes. Over-generalize behavior or have stereotypical expectations of participants (tokenism). Use (or allow others to use) disrespectful language or tone, or disrespectful non-verbal communication. Convey a sense of self-importance or superiority. Allow only the dominant or more verbal participants to take over the conversation. Discourage alternate views or counter-arguments. Try to be someone else- be yourself. 2. Keep discussions constructive and positive

Make the discussion functional by clarifying the goals of each session to the group. Establish ground rules: Share personal experiences rather than make general statements about groups of people (stereotyping). Ask dominant participants to allow others to speak. Give all participants a voice- at the start highlight the value of a diversity of perspectives as an essential part of the process. Go over constructive and destructive group behaviors at the start of the course / workshop. Request that if participants challenge others ideas, they back it up with evidence, appropriate experiences, and/or appropriate logic. 3. Encouraging participants Encouraging participation can be accomplished by:

Writing participants comments on the whiteboard. Asking follow-up questions, and paraphrasing the comments for everyone to ponder. A combination of initiating and probing questions can be an effective approach to bring out participants ideas further. Asking the contributor for further clarification and/or elaboration. Re-visiting past contributions and incorporating them into subsequent discussions. Encouraging others to add their reactions or ideas to build on someones comment. Not being afraid to admit your own ignorance or confusion if you dont know something invite others to provide resources, and use the opportunity to discuss with the group how one might go about researching the issue. Discomfort and silence are ok, but balance with a clearly stated context and purpose. Potential Problems in Discussions (adapted from: Center for Integration of Research, Teaching and Learning Handbook, accessed July 2008 at www.cirtl.net/Diversity/Resources/) Maintaining discussions often means dealing as smoothly as possible with the problems that arise. Here are some common problems with suggestions for how to deal with them.

2) Group Discussion Group discussions are a very important aspect of group communication. Group discussions are a creative and dynamic activity which stimulates reflective thinking among the members. Group discussions may be defined as an activity in which a small number of persons meet face to face and exchange and share ideas freely or attempt to reach a decision on a common issue. Group discussions are unstructured and less formal compared to meetings or conferences wherein specific roles are assigned to the participants. In a group discussion, an individuals thought process is influenced by the views and opinions of the other members. It also depends on where and in which direction the mood of the discussion moves. In a group discussion, each participant is free to speak his views. A successful discussion involves both listening and speaking Characteristics of Group Discussions Some of the salient features common to all group discussions are as follows: (i) Interface: A basic feature of group discussions is the interaction among the various members of the group. They see, hear and communicate with each other orally by paying attention to each other.

(ii) Leader and Members: Group discussions are effective only when there is a group of members and a leader. The leader has to summarize facts and information, integrate them, stimulate thinking and agree to a unanimous solution of the problem. The members of the group become actively related to each other in their respective roles. (iii) Participation: The effectiveness and efficiency of a group discussion depend, to a large extent, upon the active participation of the members. (iv) Interpersonal Attraction: Another characteristic feature of a group discussion is interpersonal attraction. As long as interaction continues, the likes, dislikes, behavior and temperament of members are known to each other. Among them, empathy develops and as such they share each others problems. (v) Pressure to Conform: In a group discussion, there is always an element of pressure to conform to norms. The pre-defined and established standards are always enforced and followed. (vi) Conflict: A conflict is a difference or disagreement among the members of the group, which often arise during deliberations and discussions. A conflict is inevitable and usually develops when alternative solutions are present. It can stimulate the members to find new solutions to the problem. Thus, conflict is not necessarily bad. But if it arises due to the political behavior of the members it will have dysfunctional consequences. Purpose of Group Discussions Group discussions may serve various purposes. Some of them are: (i) To reach a solution on an issue of concern (ii) To generate new ideas or new approaches to solving a problem (iii) For selecting candidates after the written test for employment or for admission to educational institutes (iv) To provide us with an avenue to train ourselves in various interpersonal skills Advantages of Group Discussions The advantages of group discussions are as follows: (i) It provides a deeper understanding of the subject. (ii) It improves the ability to think critically. (iii) It provides different approaches to solving a problem. (iv) It helps the group in taking a decision. (v) It gives an opportunity to hear the opinions of other persons. (vi) It enables a participant to put across his/her viewpoint.

(vii) It enhances confidence in speaking. (viii) It can change your opinion and show you things from a different perspective.

3) Effective Oral Presentations

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Delivering effective oral presentations involves three components: what you say (verbal), how you say it with your voice (vocal), and everything the audience can see about you (visual). For all three components, maximize the signal-to-noise ratio: Amplify what helps, filter out what hurts. Verbally (and as a general rule), do not write down and memorize or read your full text, because then your presentation will sound like what it is: a recited written text. Instead, memorize the outline of your presentation that is, a tree structure of main points and subpoints and speak ex tempore, reinventing the words as you go along. As you do, you will occasionally need to think about what to say next and find the most appropriate words to say it. Instead of using filler words (um, er, you know, I mean, etc.), simply pause. If you say um, you get about half a second of thinking time and the audience is likely to notice the um and be irritated by it. If you keep silent, you can get up to two or three seconds of thinking time without the audience noticing anything. Even if attendees do notice the silence, they will simply think that you are choosing your words carefully and there is nothing wrong with that.
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Despite pointing often at the screen, Marie nicely faces the audience with her body at all times, keeps her hands down between gestures, and maintains eye contact with the attendees. Vocally, vary the tone, rate, and volume of your voice as a function of the meaning, complexity, and importance of what you are saying. You need not invent a new intonation pattern: You simply need to amplify your normal pattern. Visually, control your body. Adopt a stable, confident position; move only when you have a positive reason to do so (for example, move closer to the audience for taking questions), not when your body seems to ask for it. When you make a gesture, make it large and deliberate; between gestures, bring your hands down and do not fidget. Establish eye contact: Engage the audience by looking them straight in the eyes.

At all times, make sure you address the audience. Even if you have slides, tell the audience your story in a stand-alone way; do not just explain your slides. In particular, anticipate your slides. You should know at all times what your next slide is about so you can insert an appropriate transition. Handling stage fright and mishaps Most speakers, even experienced ones, are nervous before or during an oral presentation. Such stage fright is normal and even reassuring: It shows that you care, and you should care if you want to deliver an effective presentation. Accordingly, accept your stage fright rather than feeling guilty about it. Instead of trying to suppress nervousness, strive to focus your nervous energy in your voice, your gestures, and your eye contact. Do not let it dissipate into entropy, such as by using filler words or engaging in nervous mannerisms. Even with careful preparation, mishaps can occur. For example, technology may fail, you may forget what you wanted to say, or you may accidentally say the wrong thing. As a rule, do not apologize for what happens neither in advance nor after the fact. Although well-meant, such apologies provide no benefit to the audience: They are noise. If you can do something about the problem, such as fix the technology or insert what you forgot later in the presentation, concentrate on doing so instead of apologizing. If the problem is out of your control, then there is no need to apologize for it. As a specific example, if you feel your command of English is poor, then do what you can in advance to improve it; in particular, practice your presentation thoroughly. Then, on the day of the presentation, do your best with the command you have, but do not apologize at the beginning of the presentation for what you think is poor English. The ability to communicate effectively, especially during oral presentations, can boost your marketability and viability for work in a variety of careers. To develop strong presentation skills, you need to consider both the verbal and nonverbal factors involved in delivering your message. The Message The ability to present an effective message with useful content is obviously important to a good oral presentation. This requires planning for your presentation, and doing research to make sure your message is well-constructed. You want to deliver a message that considers your audience and the goals of your presentation. An oral presentation without good substance will accomplish very little.

Body Language A major component of the message your audience perceives is based on your body language. Your posture, facial expressions and gestures affect the way your message is received. Consistent eye contact with members of your audience; a calm, confident posture; and relaxed arms and hands held near your side are among body language techniques that deliver positive vibes. Folding your arms, avoiding eye contact, frowning, and nervous movements can signal nervousness, indifference or worse. Related Reading: Why Is It Important for Teachers to Have Good Communication Skills? Vocal Tone How you say something carries a lot of weight. Speaking in a clear, confident and assertive tone helps project your message and keep your audience engaged. Emphasizing specific points and varying your rate of delivery brings out key points in your presentation and attracts your audience's attention. Avoid speaking in a low voice or a monotonous tone. Awareness Your communication skills in a presentation can also help you understand how well your message is hitting home. By observing the body language and feedback of audience members, you can adjust your approach. If audience members are sitting back in their chairs, not paying attention or distracted by other things, your message probably is not getting through. Consider projecting yourself more and finding ways to better engage the audience. It helps to ask audience members questions and keep them involved. If your presentation is lengthy, you might need to take a break.

6) What is the difference between Debate and Group Discussion? Debate is for argument and to attack to win while group discussion is to exchange ideas and opinions for a better understanding of a topic. In a debate, speakers take turns to present their points while, in a group discussion, all participants can discuss a topic presenting their opinions without turns. The views of all participants matter in a group discussion while, in a debate, a speaker has to defend or attack to win.

 Debate is an argument while group discussion is communication of ideas Group discussion is constructive and cooperative while debate can be destructive too. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GD AND EXTEMPORE In extempore you would be given a topic close to a minute earlier and you would be require to speak on that. So no preparation time will be given and its not a group event. In group discussion you would be required to discuss within a group of people on a particular topic and come to some type of consensus Generally extempore are held to check the capability of a person that how much and what will he/she can perform on his/her best. And GD is to check team spirit and how he/she can communicate and how he/she perform in the group of people. Rest you can have from above answer.