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Using ETABS
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Table of Content
Objective Problem Step by Step 1. Start Model with Template 2. Define Material Properties 3. Define Member Sections 4. Draw the Members 5. Define Load Cases and Assign Loads 6. Define Mass Source 7. Define the Design Codes 8. Assign Rigid Diaphragm and Mesh the Frame 9. Add Load Combinations 10. Set Analysis Options 11. Run Analysis 12. Run Concrete Frame Design and View the Results 13. Run Shear Wall Design and View the Results 14. Check Story Drift 5 5 12 12 14 15 20 50 61 62 64 66 68 69 70 75 82
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Objective
To demonstrate and practice step-by-step on the modeling, analysis and design of 10 story RC building by static lateral force procedure.
Problem
Carry out analysis, and design of 10 story RC building as shown in following details using UBC-97 static lateral force procedure.
3D View
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BASE STORY 4
STORY 5 STORY 8
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STORY 9 STORY 10
Elevation View
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ETABS Tutorial Example Material Properties for Concrete (Unit in kg and cm)
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Section Properties Member Beam B1 (width x height) Beam B2 (width x height) Column C1 Column C2 Slab Shear wall Dimension 30 x 60 cm 40 x 80 cm 40 x 40 cm 50 x 50 cm Thickness = 15 cm Thickness = 20 cm
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ETABS Tutorial Example Story Height Data Story Typical Story Height 3.00 m
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Static Load Cases Load Name Load Type Details Self Weight of Structural Members Calculate automatically using Self Weight Multiplier in ETABS Uniform Load on Slabs: (Finishing + Partition Load) LIVE Reducible Live Load Uniform Load on Slabs: (Use Tributary Area: UBC97) Value
DEAD
Dead Load
Wind Load Cases (UBC97) Load Case Parameter WINDX Wind Direction Wind Speed Exposure Type Importance Factor X 70 mph B (Suburban area) 1 (Building normal importance) WINDY Y
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ETABS Tutorial Example Static Lateral Force Parameters (UBC-97) Parameter Seismic Zone Seismic Zone Factor Soil Profile Type Values 2A 0.15 SD Remark
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Table 16-I (UBC-97) Dual Systems Concrete Shear Walls with Concrete IMRF Table 16-N (UBC-97) Table 16-K (UBC-97) Section 1630.2.2 (UBC-97) Section 1630.6 (UBC-97)
Overstrength Factor
6.5
1 0.02 0.05
Static Lateral Force Case Load Case Name EQX EQNX EQY EQNY Direction and Eccentricity X Dir + Eccen. Y X Dir - Eccen. Y Y Dir + Eccen. X Y Dir - Eccen. X % Eccentricity 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
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Step by Step
1. Start Model with Template
Step 1-1: Select Working Unit and Start New Model using Template Start up screen of ETABS, select working unit to be ton-m at drop-down menu on the bottom-right of screen and click on New Model button to start new model using template
Note: Click the Default.edb button. This means that the definitions and preferences will be initialized (get their initial values) from the Default.edb file that is in the same directory as your ETABS.exe file. If the Default.edb file does not exist in this directory then the definitions and preferences are initialized using ETABS built-in defaults. You should create your Default.edb file such that you most commonly click this button. In some cases you may want to click the Choose.edb button and specify a different file from which the definitions and preferences are to be initialized. For example, a certain client or project may require certain things in your model to be done in a certain way that is different from your typical office standards. You could have a specific .edb file set up for this client or project which could then be used to initialize all models for the client or project. This will allow setting of the repeatedly used preferences. Click the No button if you just want to use the built-in ETABS defaults.
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Specify grid dimension and story dimension as shown in figure below. Select Grid Only option to add the structural objects later.
Step 1-3: Save the Model The grid system has been created as parameters specified from previous steps. Go to File >> Save, and save the file.
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Note: You may select N-mm or Kip-in or whatever unit to input material properties. Step 2-2: Specify the Material Properties Specify material properties of concrete (fc = 240 ksc) as shown in the figure below.
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Step 3-2: Define Frame Section for Beam (40 cm x 80 cm) Select on Add Rectangular from second drop-down menu. Enter beam section properties for B2 as shown in figure below.
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Step 3-3: Define Frame Section for Column (40 cm x 40 cm) Select on Add Rectangular from second drop-down menu. Enter column section properties for C1 as shown in figure below.
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Step 3-4: Define Frame Section for Column (50 cm x 50 cm) Select on Add Rectangular from second drop-down menu. Enter column section properties for C2 as shown in figure below.
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Step 3-5: Define Area Section for Slab (15 cm thk.) Go to Define >> Wall/Slab/Deck Sections and select on Add New Slab from drop-down menu. Enter slab section properties as shown in figure below.
Step 3-6: Define Area Section for Wall (20 cm thk.) Select on Add New Wall from drop-down menu. Enter wall section properties as shown in figure below.
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Step 4-2: Draw Columns at Story 1 button, select the property of column in Properties of Object dialogue. Click on Window the grid intersections from Grid A4 to H1.
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button, select the property of beam in Properties of Object dialogue. Click on Window the grid intersections from Grid A4 to H1.
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Step 4-4: Draw Slabs at Story 1 button, select the property of slab in Properties of Object dialogue. Click on Window the grid intersections from Grid A4 to H1.
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Step 4-5: Set Building View Options Click on button, set the building as shown in the figure below.
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Step 4-6: Assign the Beam Section (B2) Select the beams along Y-direction. Go to Assign >> Frame/Line >> Frame Section, and assign B40x80 section as shown in the figure below.
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Step 4-7: Mesh the Slabs Select all the slabs and go to Edit >> Mesh Areas. Enter the number of meshes as shown in the figure below.
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Step 4-8: Draw the Wall Click on Rubber Band Zoom button to zoom plan view at shear wall location. Go to Draw >> Draw Point Objects, enter Plan Offset X in Properties of Object dialogue and click 4 nodes as shown in figure below.
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button and select the property of wall in Properties of Object Click on dialogue. Draw the wall segments from node to node as shown in figure below.
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Go to Select >> by Area Object Type, and select wall to select the walls.
Go to Edit >> Replicate, and replicate mirror about the line as shown in the figure below.
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Step 4-9: Delete the beams on the wall Select the beams on the walls and delete them.
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Step 4-10: Draw the Beams Connecting to the Wall Click on button and select B40x80 in Properties of Object dialogue. draw the beams connecting the columns and the walls.
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Step 4-11: Change the Stiffness Modifiers Select the beams connecting to the wall. Go to Assign >> Frame/Line >> Frame Property Modifiers, and change the torsional stiffness as shown in the figure below.
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Step 4-12: Mesh the Floor between the Core Walls Select the floor between the core walls. Go to Edit >> Mesh Areas, mesh the floor at the intersection with wall segments as shown in the figure below.
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Step 4-13: Delete the Floor inside the Core Walls Select the floor inside the core walls and delete them as shown in the figure below.
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Step 4-14: Draw Developed Elevation Definition Go to Draw >> Draw Developed Elevation Definition, type H1 in the Developed Elevation Name and click Add New Name. Click OK and draw the line as shown in the figure below.
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Do the same step as above for other developed elevations of core walls as shown in the figure below.
H2
V1 H1
V2
V3
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Step 4-15: Make the Openings in Walls Go to Select >> Select Area Object Type, and select Wall. Go to View >> Show Selection Only.
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Click on
Go to Edit >> Mesh Areas, and mesh the walls as shown in the figure below..
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Click on Rubber Band Zoom button to zoom elevation view H1. Delete the wall segments for openings as shown in the figure below.
Do the same step as above for elevation H2 and delete the wall segments for openings.
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Step 4-16: Assign Pier Labels and Spandrel Labels Click on and select 2 and click OK. Select the walls and go to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Pier Label, select pier name P1 and click OK as shown in the figure below.
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and select H1 and click OK. Click on Rubber Band Zoom button Click on to zoom elevation view at shear wall location. Select the walls at the left side and go to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Pier Label, type pier name P2 in the Pier Name Box. Click Add New Name and then OK as shown in the figure below.
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Select the walls above the opening and go to Assign >> Shell/Area >> Spandrel Label, select spandrel name S1 and click OK as shown in the figure below.
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Perform the same steps as above to assign the pier label and spandrel as shown in the following figure.
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Step 4-17: Replicate the Floor Click on button, select STORY 1 and change to plan view as shown in the figure below. Go to View >> Show All.
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Select the members by windowing and go to Edit >> Replicate. Select from STORY 2 to STORY 10 in Story tab and replicate as shown in the figure below.
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Step 4-18: Delete the Members Click on button, select STORY 5. Select and delete the members as shown in the figure below.
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Click on button, select STORY 9. Select and delete the members as shown in the figure below.
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Step 4-19: Assign the Columns Click on and select 1 and click OK. Select the columns as shown in the
figure below.
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Go to Assign >> Frame Line >> Frame Section, and select C50x50 and click OK.
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Step 4-20: Assign the Supports Click on button, select BASE and change to plan view as shown in the figure below. Select the points by windowing as shown in the figure below.
Go to Assign >> Joint/Point >> Restraints (Supports), and restrained all DOFs as shown in the figure below.
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Add SDL Load as Superimposed Dead Load as shown in the figure below.
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Step 5-2: Define Special Seismic Load Effects Go to Define >> Special Seismic Load Effects, and enter the parameters to consider in special seismic design as shown in the figure below.
E = Eh + Ev (30-1) Em = 0 Eh (30-2) E = the earthquake load on an element of the structure resulting from the combination of the horizontal component, Eh, and the vertical component Ev Eh = the earthquake load due to the base shear, V, as set forth in Section 1630.2 or the design lateral force, Fp, as set forth in Section 1632 Ev = the load effect resulting from the vertical component of the earthquake ground motion and is equal to an addition of 0.5 Ca ID to the dead load effect, D, for Strength Design, and may be taken as zero for Allowable Stress Design In this case Ca = 0.22, 0.5 Ca I = 0.5 x 0.22 x 1 = 0.11 0 = the seismic force amplification factor that is required to account for structural overstrength, as set forth in Section 1630.3.1
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= Reliability/Redundancy Factor as given by the following formula = 2 20 / (rmax x sqrt(AB)) (30-3) = 2 6.1 / (rmax x sqrt(AB)) (For SI) rmax = the maximum element-story shear ratio. For a given direction of loading, the element-story shear ratio is the ratio of the design story shear in the most heavily loaded single element divided by the total design story shear. For any given Story Level i, the element story shear ratio is denoted as ri. The maximum element-story shear ratio rmax is defined as the largest of the element story shear ratios, ri, which occurs in any of the story levels at or below the two-thirds height level of building.
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Step 5-3: Assign the Loads Go to Select >> by Area Object Type, select Floor as shown in the figure below.
Go to Assign >> Shell/Area Loads >> Uniform, and assign Live Load of 0.25 t/m2 as shown in the figure below.
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Click on to reselect the floor areas. Go to Assign >> Shell/Area Loads >> Uniform, and assign SDL Load of 0.2 t/m2 as shown in the figure below.
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Step 7-2: Define Design Code for Shear Wall Design Go to Options >> Preferences >> Shear Wall Design, change the Design Code
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Step 8-2: Mesh the Frame button and go to Assign >> Frame/Line >> Automatic Frame Click on Subdivide, select the second option as shown in the figure below.
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button and go to Design >> Concrete Frame Design >> View/Revise Click on Overwrites, change Element Type to Sway Intermediate as shown in the figure below.
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Go to Define >> Special Seismic Load Effects, and select no to include Special Seismic Design Data as shown in the figure below.
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10.
Step 10-1: Set Analysis Options Go to Analyze >> Set Analysis Options, and set the Dynamic Parameters as shown in the figure below.
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Step 12-2: View the Results Click on figure. button, and set up the building view options as shown in the following
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Activate the left window and Click on button, select STORY 1. Change the working unit to kg-cm. Go to Design >> Concrete Frame Design >> Display Design Info, select design output as shown in the following figure.
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2 Shear Reinforcement 3
Longitudinal Reinforcement
Bottom Reinforcement
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Step 13-2: View the Results Click on figure. button, and set up the building view options as shown in the following
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Activate the left window, click on button and select H1. Click on Rubber Band Zoom button to zoom elevation view at shear wall location. Right click on the pier to view the design details.
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Go to Design >> Shear Wall Design >> Display Design Info, select design output as shown in the following figure.
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with T greater than or equal to 0.7 seconds, the story drift shall not exceed 0.020 times the story height. From ETABS, Calculated story drift is determined by multiplying the diaphragm drift into 0.7 x R.
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