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CAPITOLUL 22. RANGUL UNEI MATRICI.

MATRICI INVERSABILE
22.1. S se calculeze rangul fiecreia din urmtoarele matrici:
2 1 3

a) A = 1 3 2;

3 1 4
2 1 3

b) A = 1 4 2 ;

13 6 14
1 1 1 1

1 2 2 2
;
c) A =
1 2 3 3

1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4

1 1 1 2
;
d) A =
1 1 3 3

1 4 4 4
2 0 2 0 2

0 1 0 1 0
;
e) A =
2 1 0 2 1

0 1 0 1 0
2 3 12 0 2

1 1 3 1 1
;
f) A =
2 3 4 1 1

10 1 2 2 0
2 2 3 0 12

1 1 0 1 0

g) A = 4 1 3 2 11.

0 5 1 2 0

6 6 5 3 2

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22.2. S se calculeze n funcie de a

rangul matricilor:

1 1 a

a) A = 1 0 1;

0 1 1
1 2 3

b) A = 0 a 1 ;

5 1 3
2
a
3

a
3
2
;
c) A =
3 a + 1 4

2 2
1
2 a 2 1

1 2 2 a
;
d) A =
a 1 4 3

a a a 5
1 1 a + 1 1

2 a
2 3

4
a;
e) A = a a

1 2
a
5

2 3
5
0
2 1 1 1 a 2

2 2 a 3 2 2

f) A = 1 a 4 a a 3.

2 2 a 5 0 3

2 a a 0 2 0

22.3. S se calculeze n funcie de a, b

2

a) A = 1

3
a

b) A = b

2 sur 5

rangul matricilor:

4 3

3 2;

a b
1 3

0 a;

1 4

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a
c) A =
0

2
2

1
d) A =
3

3 2
;
1 4

2 1
a 3 1

2 2 2
;
1 a b

b 1 3
b

1 1 1 a

2 3 2 b

e) A = 3 a 4 a;

a 2 a 5

1 3 0 0
2 1 1 1 0 2

b 3 a 3 2 1

f) A = 1 a 1 1 4 3.

a 2 a 5 0 2

3 5 1 0 2 0

22.4. Se consider matricile:

1 2 2
1 2 2 4

p ; B = 3 1
p 4.
A = 3 1

3 1 1
3 1 1 q
S se afle numerele p, q astfel nct cele dou matrici s aib acelai rang.

22.5. S se determine rangul matricii:

1 1 2 4 2

A = 2 1 3 1 1.

a b c a b

22.6. S se determine a
apoi inversele lor:

3 sur 5

, astfel nct urmtoarele matrice s fie inversabile i s se afle

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a) A = 1

3
1

b) A = 1

2
1

c) A = 2

2
a

d) A = 1

2
2

1
e) A =
2

3
2

1
f) A =
a

4 3

3 2;

a 2
2 a

3 a;

3 1
a

3
a ;

4 a + 1
2

a + 2 a + 4

3
4 ;

3
1
a 2 1

2 2 0
;
1 4 3

a 0 5
a 2 1

2 2 a
.
1 4 3

a a 5

22.7. S se rezolve ecuaiile matriceale:

1

a) X 2

1
1

b) X 2

3
4 1

c) 1 2

5 0

4 sur 5

1 1 1 3

1 0 = 4 3 2;

1 1 1 2 5
2 3
6 9 8
;
3 4 =
0 1 6
4 1
1 1 1 0 1 2
0

3 X 0 1 1 = 1 0 2;

0 0 1 2 0 1
2
1

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d) 0

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

2
1

1
1

1 X = 0

...
...

0
1

...

...

...

...

...

...

...

0 .

...

22.8. S se determine valorile parametrului real m astfel nct matricea:

2 x 3

A = x 1 x

1 2 m
s fie inversabil pentru orice x .

22.9. Fie A o matrice ptratic cu coeficieni compleci. S se demonstreze c, dac exist k

2 astfel nct A k = 0, atunci matricea I A este inversabil i avem:
(I A) 1 = I + A + A 2 + ... + A k 1 .

22.10. Fie A o matrice cu coeficieni compleci. S se demonstreze c:

1 t
t 1
A = (A ) .

22.11. Fie A M n () o matrice astfel nct A n = aA, unde a este un numr real, a 1, a 1.
S se arate c matricea B = A + I n este inversabil.

[Salt la cuprins]

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