ARQRA APO TO IAIKTUO - MOUSIKOQERAPEIA thV SofaV Karaf O rloV thV ousikV sth zw tou anqrpou H efnish thV

ousikV enai tso pali so kai h dhiourga tou ksou, afo o ruqV, na ap ta basiktera stoicea thV, gennqhke e thn prth pno zwV. To span kinetai pnw se ia astereuth poikila ruqn, astrikn, hliakn, epociakn, ti zei sa s' aut plletai. Kai o anqrpinoV organisV, wV roV tou spantoV, leitourge e ia eglh poikila ruqn, kuttarikn, organikn, biologikn. O noV tou ruqo, enai na atelewtoV pagksioV noV pou kuriarce kai orzei th zw se leV tiV orfV thV. H epaf tou anqrpou e to ruq enai ia epeira progenetik. To bruo, sa sto ikrkoso thV traV, aisqnetai diforouV couV pwV touV ruqoV thV kardiV thV htraV, thn anapno thV, pou etaddontai ap touV arthriakoV paloV kai apotelon th bsh thV parxV touV. O ruqV apotele thn prth epeira twn aisqsewn tou ebrou. iforeV reuneV pou coun gnei deixan ti, an oi gunakeV kat th dirkeia thV egkuosnhV akon apal ousik v, h ousik aut epidr exairetik hreistik sto bruo kai lista tan aut subanei kat touV teleutaouV neV thV egkuosnhV, to neognnhto staat to kla no e to kousa thV sugkekrinhV ousikV. Aut exhgetai ap to gegonV ti o ruqV
 antistoice akribV sta ebdonta do ctupata an lept sth sucnthta dhlad tou kanoniko ruqo thV kardiV thV htraV. iforeV reuneV... deixan ti, an oi gunakeV kat thn dirkeia thV egkuosnhV akon apal ousik v, h ousik aut epidr exairetik hreistik sto bruo " H epdrash aut tou ruqo wV prwtarciko stoiceou thV ousikV suneczetai kai et th gnnhsh, afo oi prteV epeireV tou neognnhtou enai kurwV hchtiko caraktra e basik shatodth th fwn thV htraV. Akh, h prwrh anptuxh thV akoV se scsh e tiV lleV aisqseiV, knei th ousik na pleonekte se ti afor sthn epdrash pou aske yucik kai sunaisqhatik ston nqrwpo. H ako kai h kinhtikthta enai oi prteV aisqseiV pou anaptssontai kai kaqorzoun na eglo roV thV antlhyhV tou exwteriko ksou. H epdrash kai o rloV thV ousikV sth zw tou anqrpou den staaton ed. Pollo fusiolgoi elthsan thn epdrash thV ousikV sto neurofutik sstha, sto sfug kai sth kuklofora tou aatoV. To 1880, kpoioV ereunhtV sth Rwsa, o Ntgkel, elthse thn epdrash thV ousikV sthn kuklofora tou aatoV se anqrpouV kai za crhsiopointaV eonwnouV couV ap difora ousik rgana kai paratrhse pwV, tso ta za so kai o nqrwpoV antidrosan sta ereqsata e axhsh thV drasthrithtaV thV kardiV kai thV peshV tou aatoV kai epitcunsh thV anapnoV. H ousik den diadraatzei shantik rlo no sth fusiologa tou anqrpou, all kai sto sunaisqhatik tou kso, efson epitrpei -en sugkrsei e th lektik kfrash- thn tautcronh kfrash allhlosugkrouenwn sugkinsewn kai sunaisqhtwn. H Gallda ousikoqerapetria Entq Lekor (  ) sunoyzei xi trpouV sfwna e touV opoouV, kat thn klinik thV pera, pore kaneV n' akosei ousik: San ia asqhsh pou epitrpei thn apeleuqrwsh ap ton pol orqologik kso aV.

 San so oneiropolatoV. San ia tecnik kfrashV, e thn pardos thV kai touV austhroV thV kanneV. San ia aisqhtik, pou pore na sugkriqe e lleV kallitecnikV ekfrseiV. San na narkwtik. San ia aisqhsiak dnah H ousik wV so qerapeaV. en enai tucao to gegonV ti dieurnetai h crsh thV ousikV kai gia qerapeutikoV skopoV, afo epidr se louV touV toeV tou anqrpou, sth fusiologa tou kai sthn yucosnqes tou. Exllou, oi sgcronoi epistoneV prospaqon na broun euasqhtouV kai apotelesatikoV trpouV gia na plhsisoun kai na bohqsoun ton nqrwpo. H efarog twn diapistsewn autn twn ereunn gia skopoV qerapeutikoV kai paidagwgikoV, onozetai ousikoqerapea. H ousikoqerapea, lxh pou prokptei ap th snqesh twn lxewn ousik kai qerapea, do lxewn e nnoieV pol eureV, dskoleV kai arket diforoeneV. "O sunaisqhatikV prosanatolisV thV ousikV ephrezei thn ugea 'na qetik trpo kai bohq thn katapolhsh tou gcouV" H lxh qerapea propoqtei asqneia swatik yucik. Ta ria wV anesa sth ugea kai thn yucik kurwV asqneia den enai pnta saf. Kqe epoc, anloga e th nootropa pou epikrate, dnei llo nha sthn asqneia. H qerapea enai kqe prospqeia pou apalnei ton anqrpino pno, kqe appeira pou cei san stco na apokatastsei thn epaf kai thn epikoinwna anesa stouV anqrpouV, kqe ebqunsh, se ekpaideutik eppedo, pra ap ton orzonta thV aplV parqeshV gnsewn. H lxh ousik afor la ta stoicea pou poroe na sullboue, kurwV e thn ako, all kai e lleV aisqseiV aV, pwV p.c. h af. H efarog thV ousikV gia qerapeutikoV skopoV enai tso pali so kai h istora thV ousikV. Oi prteV graptV artureV e anaforV sto qa thV ousikoqerapeaV, brskontai se iatrikoV aiguptiakoV ppurouV pou anakalfqhkan to 1899 kai cronologontai sta 1500 p.C. S' autoV gnetai lgoV gia thn eunok epdrash thV ousikV sth gonithta thV gunakaV. Sthn exlixh thV istoraV thV anqrwpthtaV coun breqe poll lla ntokounta kai qoi grw ap ousikoqerapeutik qata. Oi ousiastikV elteV gia to rlo thV ousikV wV sou qerapeaV ston nqrwpo rcisan kat thn perodo tou esopolou. Sthn Aerik, et ton prto pagksio pleo, rcisan na kalon epaggelateV ousikoV sta nosokoea gia "ousik boqeia" proV touV trauateV tou polou, anogontaV tsi to dro gia th ousikoqerapea. H 
 m, ia ap tiV prwtoprouV thV ousikoqerapeaV sth sgcronh epoc, pragatopoiose ousikoqerapeutikV episkyeiV se nosokoea kai institota thV NaV UrkhV kat th dirkeia tou prtou pagkosou polou. H dia prsfere ousikoqerapeutikV uphreseV se beternouV polou pou ecan epistryei ap thn Eurph kai noshleontan. To 1941, h m druse nan organis ousikoqerapeaV pou onosthke Eqnik drua MousikoqerapeaV. Sfwna e touV iscurisoV thV, ekpadeuse perissterouV ap 500 "ousikoV giatroV" e skop na ergasqon se nosokoea thV NaV UrkhV kai na bohqsoun rrwstouV, enlikeV, paidi kai trauatisnouV beternouV tou deutrou pagkosou polou Sfwna e th m, h angkh gia ia ousikoqerapeutik prosggish se diforouV toeV thV iatrikV rcise na diafanetai exaitaV tou polou. Prospqhse loipn na proshlutsei so to dunatn perissterouV ousikoV gia thn epteuxh tou skopo thV

orioqetntaV, parllhla, tiV elcisteV apaitoeneV ikanthtaV enV ousikoqerapeut: 1) BasikV gnseiV thV ousikV. 2) Ikanthta na pazei apl ousik e eucristh elwda kai sugkekrino ruq, kat prothsh ap nhV. 3) Filodoxa na dhiourge kanlia epikoinwnaV sa ap ta opoa h qerapeutik dnah thV ousikV pore na anakoufzei ton pno. S' na egceirdio e ttlo " PwV crhsiopoioe th ousik gia thn ugea", to 1939, h m anafrei ti 'h ousikoqerapea leitourge se tra sugkekrina eppeda: kradasik (donhtik), sunaisqhatik kai pneuatik'. Ta donhtik stoicea thV ousikV ephrezoun ta nera, touV adneV, touV uV kai ta ost. O sunaisqhatikV prosanatolisV thV ousikV ephrezei thn ugea ' na qetik trpo kai bohq thn katapolhsh tou gcouV. TiV pneuatikV duneiV poroe na tiV proseggsoue crhsiopointaV th swst ousik prokalntaV ia baqi epirro ston akroat. Sera, cei anagnwrisqe h axa thV ousikV wV qerapeaV kai h prosfor thV cei apodeicqe. h ousikoqerapea apeuqnetai se ia seir yucikn kai swatikn paqsewn. Prospaqe na eisbllei sto uposunedhto kai na energopoisei yucopaqologikV dusleitourgeV. Eniscei thn proswpikthta tou anqrpou dioceteontaV tou qetik enrgeia. en ascoletai no e ton eswterik kso all kai e thn koinwnik zw. H sgcronh ousikoqerapea crhsiopoie eqodologa pou cwrzetai se do basik rh. To prto afor th dignwsh kai to detero th qerapea. O stcoV thV diagnwstikV ergasaV enai na anakalufqe h "hchtik tautthta" tou atou thV odaV kai na bohqsei to qerapeut na sugkentrsei arketV plhroforeV, ste na crhsiopoisei thn plon katllhlh qodo gia kqe perptwsh. H qerapea apartzetai ap tiV sunantseiV (sunedreV) thV ousikoqerapeaV, kat tiV opoeV o qerapeutV prospaqe n' anoxei kanlia epikoinwnaV e to too thn oda. " H ousikoqerapea elet ta problata twn paidin kai ta katatssei se do kathgoreV : thn paqologa tou pneatoV kai thn paqologa tou satoV" H angkh thV qetikV parbashV thV ousikoqerapeaV ggixe kai to cro thV ekpadeushV e skop na bohqsei paidi pou antietwpzoun yucikV swatikV paqseiV na anaptxoun tiV ikanthtV touV. H ousik cei arket kaqorisneV qerapeutikV dunatthteV sthn Eidik Agwg ' nan telewV eso trpo -pwV akribV e opoiodpote paid. PrdrooV thV ousikoqerapeaV sto cro thV ekpadeushV qewretai o paidagwgV m Z - D (1865 - 1950), o opooV efrose na eidik prgraa ousikV ekpadeushV, basisno sth ruqik agwg kai sthn ap' euqeaV epaf e touV ruqoV tou anqrpinou satoV. O dioV anafrei carakthristik: "enai aparathto ston toa thV ousikV na lboue upyin touV ruqoV tou atou, na dsoue sto paid thn eleuqera gia neurik kai uk drsh, na to bohqsoue na qriabesei sthn antstash kai sthn anastol kai na enaronsei tiV shantikV tou leitourgeV ' autV thV skyhV tou" PollV reuneV bassqhkan sthn ruqik qodo tou D, fusik e tropopoiseiV, anloga e thn perptwsh. Oi reuneV epikentrqhkan se paidi e eidikV angkeV, stiV opoeV o ruqV apotelose to kurarco stoiceo, pedo elthV kai peiraatiso. Aut sunbaine giat ton ruq antilabnontan ta paidi aut ap pol nwrV ete sa ap to paicndi touV ete sw twn organikn leitourgin touV. Epeid, wV, enai dskolo na to katanosoun suneidht, crhsiopoiontai ruqikV qodoi pou eniscoun thn antlhy touV gia to ruq kai kat epktash gia th ousik. O ruqV, exllou, suggeneei e th qlhsh tou anqrpou na qerapeute

kai na anaptucqe. H ousikoqerapea elet ta problata twn paidin kai ta katatssei se do kathgoreV: thn paqologa tou pneatoV kai thn paqologa tou satoV. Se elteV crhsiopoiqhkan ereunhtikV qodoi, poiotikV kai posotikV, wV ergalea pou bohqon th leitourga thV skyhV kai anafrontai stouV toeV thV noshleutikV (D kai
m, 1986, 1993) kai thV koinwnikV yucologaV ( kai , 1994). O diacwrisV autV enai shantikV, giat h kqe perptwsh antietwpzei seir olklhrwn problhtwn, pou exartntai ap yucologik atia ap blbh tou egkeflou ap swatik blbh. Sthn kathgora thV paqologaV tou pneatoV ankoun periptseiV pwV nohtik kaqustrhsh, anaptuxiak kaqustrhsh, aqhsiakV duskoleV, autisV, diataracV tou lgou, duslexa, sunaisqhatikV diataracV, sndroo DW k.t.l. Sthn kathgora thV paqologaV tou satoV ankoun periptseiV pwV kinhtikV duskoleV, problata suntoniso, barhkoa, periorisnh rash tflwsh k.t.l. Se poll paidi enuprcoun problata kai twn do kathgorin. Se prosecV shew aV qa anaferqoe sta problata kai thn antietpish twn ep rouV kathgorin. BIBLIOGRAFIA 1.Prnou-Polucronidou, Mousik kai yucologa, Quri, Aqna, 1995. 2..p. 3.W. . Dv,     m   , J  m , tec. 33(1), 1996. 4 ..p. 5. . . ,   - , ! 1981, sel. 108. < Prohg. Ep. > [ Psw ] Statistik ap 1/9/2005 EpiskpteV: 652389 EPISKEPTES SE SUNESH coue 2 episkpteV  SUNESH STON ISTOTOPO CrsthV KwdikV Na e qusai Xecsate ton kwdik saV; en cete logarias; Eggraf ENHMERTIKES EPISTOLES ste na gkuro m kai eggrafete stiV enherwtikV epistolV thV PEEME. noa

-m Eggraf iagraf
SAS ENIAFEROUN SUNAULIES SEMINARIA BIBLIA

EKHLSEIS m.! IEMA - Ebdoadiao delto ousikV plhrofrhshV Enhrwsh v.! Enhrwsh .!

  !
2008 PEEME To Jm! enai eleqero logisik e deia "#/"$.  ellhnik diano enai ia prosfor thV ellhnikV kointhtaV jm