ee esegrng to sec! ill Wn shat ern a te eit sade with powecul says by MacKinnon and Dworkin, these hearings — vided and wth each word scrapulosnlyyeried~consate a unique eon ofa confit onc the ating of democracy ell sharing A. MacKinnon dsiguished lawyer, activi, and wre, the thor oh amg other ork, Ont Words (Harvard). Andrea Dworkin te onal tenor ns rail ovine acini id author of say Boi farcey the cllection of say Life and Dest and the novel Mery Js the words of rea experince and personal testimony, Harns Way shows pornography it enales what Naz irature Jews and Klan prop: muse be rected if we are to ve together with dignity ior Senta erin his book, ithe source ofthe most powerful asa on patriarchy ia Re attains MacKinnon end Dots rod erection eam esl at thee here ad the praca work oppose he we {nud dchamannation of women, nd ar ikon the psc of tein ome, a thre earings concn reveal” Mari Mase, Geogctowa Law Schoo RE Forsogreiry movencr hs been cxrornaiy satel ning the views of many people nor oly a Ames but workdwide The rotons Yo this volume arenas Sackianon sn Dworkin-— tharactertically wet lngunge an wih igh ad perspectives hat op rhe nd Secper hough. This materia valuable part of isary” rede Shaver, Frank Santon Prof iF Kenedy Schoo of Government ofthe Fr Amend Pere Z FE > a} E rr) = 5 Ee IN HARM’S WA Sel Wel aE CT en An Conteh ta Way ets .eonT46 THE MINNEAPOLIS HEARINGS les of exposure, primarily 1 veey normal types of male subjects. ein you will se, ven with ha, some fail dramatic ype of ests, ‘When we gett long-term exposure, thik yu wile the effects are even tonges,parciuly with the typer of material whish have no ‘hysel violent content, chat i, the stat type OF pomograghie or rote material, So keepin mind a numer of ehings. One, when {mee tom inthis esearch ha there are no eller the short ter for eri, weare talking about material made by myself or other colleges mate ri which sexually explicit and does noe show power oieatation be- teen males an fas ‘When we alk abour aggresive pomography, we areal about ma feria in which women ae abused physically and in which thee ace ats fof rape, mutiaton, or ocer eyes of physical agreson. We wil alk out the lng ten effec of th ype of materi Number ore, what ae the images? Let me pve you examples of what wenretalkng abou. We have what ix clvsifed as obviously nothing to ‘Joswith pornography a al, othe hard-core elects. We have three or Fourimages which will sfc. [Slide show bing shown) ommersiene This, unk, has nothing todo woth pornogeapy, but think the resoge is very clear We finde como scenario in most ff the common mate. This i aside of « woman who i ed up, bound, Hack and ble. Ks nothing more than an advercement for a Rolling Stones album cover I ehink tis increta, he woman saying isenaro we find in a grea deal of pornography: “atm Hack and be {rom the Rolling Sones ad Iles.” Violence sexu rrt-on—that ‘isthe messae which consistnly comes through in this typeof material “And what we ate going o say is ha, without question, that has very, ‘ery strong elects, parcuarly om adoesone miles and ale who are Fgining to form certain types of sercoryes about human sexuality, hoa rape and violence. These asa emi hey owe dsenstiti, oink thenex slid you don'thaveto goto an adul bookstore o fad Lar not ‘ure you have o find chin anal Bookstore cites. oink it et Tine more toward the violence The next lide Tha [is] a blank: show ito only demonstrate the cexcessrerypesof sex against women, Unt we started on a ecent science Foundation proj, found this isnot excessive I thiak a number of people will Rad ita bie difcale to lok at 1 don't mean i 19 offend Anyone. I don't mean ito show anger to anybody. think you have eo have sme ideas about the typeof material we ar talking bout when We talk abou agressive pornos. Thi eye of material i eadly vai ble. I presen to show thatthe research will show incusvely that ‘many halhy mals become sexually aroused eo his ype of age. "Now the question is what are the effects of this type of material Like we jst sat the Best question is, what ae the effects on sexual aoa and there atea number of easons why Twoald keto discuss that. Thhave a quote up there fom Neil Malamth who is at UCLA and tnscally what he says I ean read the quote, 'am going to have to pacaphrise it Basically what Malatth ays [a chat individals bee ome sexually sroused—Whichis avery pose state, we are noe saving there i anyching wrong with sexual arousal they become acoused feom scenes of rape lathe media, in pornogrphy—that number one, do they become sexually scowed? Would they go abead und make the uwibusion that they engaged in such behavior woul bes sexally rowing experince? Those ars umber ef conceptual leaps, Tit ofall you have to determine whether or not quote unquote cma eae ales could eoceirably become sexually around tab tai, tenes of rape, scenes of mutation Secon evenf they dd, would they go ahead and make the seco tion that number one, T would lke to engage in such Behavior and secondly iso dil would aot only He sexually arousing forthe itn, whi infact asualy shown that wa, hae would also be seal roan for asl Lata theft question: is the material vexealy arousing, and who Wiesel toting to? Most thecal cea deat with i cots fof thison raps. eas widely assume that rapists would be exsally couse by nage of rape themed. IF yu oak a the prapih ap te Ho ts neal of» rap nde ocstipoaion‘material, When and what the researcher di was look at sexual arousal pen emescence in males Basically wha they ound shat rapists da fn face become very sexually aroused to vielen images, images of women ‘ing aggresed against che sexual context, The assumption, howeves was that normal males, not coavited ofa emul cite do ot show the ‘ame «ype of reactions. The assumprion i that normale would ot be ‘ume sexu aroused this yp of material ‘few years ago Nel Malamuth at UCLA conducted a large amount of tds, by the way Tam mentioning one percent of the research inthis areafo get throught, but Malamuth ound i you take normal males and sent shem with scene of rape from pornogripy, but you present them with the common type of semana whichis a woman enjoying bins expe, when « woman is volte, aggesed agains, she Bosomes sexually aroused. What Malamuth found-—one, rma, healthy may tho became sexually aroused when they viewed tht type of image. If You present them with highly explicit roi fil, they become sexlly “aroosed.Iyou presen them with 2 scene in which woman is eaped bt Aoesn become sexually arouse, the majority of males would not ke ome sexully aroused, But most normal mals, when you presen them With ascen of rape and the on differences betwen the eae on the eft nd the other same yrght ate rd di ees ven URN ‘lence isthe sme, the itm shows sexi arousal—vhich gai, a common type of scenario one nds in the material—you fd normal males becoming exally aroused othe types of maps. ets go on for second, Malanth has fou a have we and other researchers, that i «sak called the Rape Myth Acceptance scale = touches many ofthe common types of myths which Individuals bold about rape: any woman who hitchhikes deserves to get raped, women, tuncomscously setup situations which force ape om them, women Enoy bring raped, women who wear provocative clothing are psting seme selves ina place to get ape. These sre common myth held by pit fst asan instrument to detrsne i ersten for a rapist wa ai ‘Wha: you finds hae afer ony ten inate of pornography, parila mater this ln a week les, hey are more aceping of these sypes of and more accepting on an Acceptance of Interpersonal Violence es Thar scale has lems [ue afi juste to hit your wife or se, the oaly Way to turn a woman on ie through forse, an that find aggressiveness a sexual tion. You ind after exposure of seype of material more acceptance of thee types of yt Another interesting thing you look at Nel Malamut’s esearch, ko fad some ther changes in aide, This particular study ‘howe shar i male subjects were presented with a ape depiction, chat is avesive pornography that, fs woman shows a positive reacton 1 poogize for having to se that term ts a er that & used meaning hac the victim in the scene becomes sexually aroused —you Bd again hac normal, healthy male subjects say the fllowiag asked “What centage of women do you know who enjoy Being saped?”—think hour the question fora second tink about the coatext of how this esearch done~you Fd normal males, afer Biv minutes of expose fo pomogeaphy, say 25 percent ofthe women they kiow would enjoy bring raped Secon, what percentage of women do you know who enjoy being aggresive forced into evel intercourse? Again, we ae no talking ious rapes, nor aking abou sexu evant (eae) talking about oral, healthy male college sradents at Mant, UCLA, Klooming toa, ad other paces, [Tey sy) 30 petent ofthe women they know ‘would enoy being aggresvely orc ino sexcalintrcoure The most important question of alls question tha ask subjects afr [bein] exposed eo eis materia: "wht the likelihood shat you would ‘ommitarapeifl guarentee hat you won't be caught." Think about tat fora second. You are asking norma, eslthy male, “would you commit {rape alter expose to this type of material?" And ona Hie point sale, you find thar after exposure o sel) volene images, pasar when ‘ose sexual violent mages depict women enjoying rape, up t 57 pe ‘ent of those males inicte sme ikellhod they would commit rape sor caught Tift, inthe general population, asit turns ot, anywhere berween 25 and 30 percent of normal, healthy mals indicate some wilinness they ‘woul ommita rae. Ang, in fact, you looks hove vids nT