Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction
__
' Sout h'. Both types of con sumer can sustain the ir lives but
the quality of those lives is subst antiallydifferent. Almost
one billion people suffer from povert y, hunger or water
shortages. At present rates of product ion and consumpt ion
the eart h can sustai n two billion people at 'Nort he rn'
stan da rds of living. Could it su pport twenty billion people
at 'Southern' standards of living? Or is there an urgent need
to address the way ' Northern' populations consume and
examine the true imp act of each product's life?
The impact ofglobal production and consumption
Between 1950 and 1997 the prod uction of world grain tripled,
world fertilizer use increased nearly te nfold, the annua l
global catc h of fish increased by a factor of five and global
water use nearly tr ipled. Fossil-fuel usage quadrupled and
the world car fleet increased by a factor of ten . During the
same period destruct ion of the envir onment progressed
on a massive scale. There was a reducti on in biodiversi ty.
For exampl e, the world elephant pop ulation decreased
from six million to just 600,000 and tota l tro pical rainforest
cove r decreased by twenty-five per cent. Average globa l
temperat ure rose from 14.86"Cto 15.32"C (58.75-59 .58"F),
largely owing to an increase in ca rbon dioxide emissions
from 1.6 billion tonnes per annum in 1950 to 7 billion tonnes
in 1997. CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) concentrations rose
from zero to three part s per billion, caus ing holes in the
protectiv e ozone layer at the North and South poles.
In the North owne rshi p of such products as refrigerators
and television s has reached almos t all households. More than
two in t hree households own a washing machine and a car .
The North is indeed a mat erial world . It also generates huge
qua ntities of was te. Accordi ng to The Green Consumer Guide,
even back in 1988 an average British per son generat ed two
du stbi ns of waste each week, used two t rees a year in the
form of paper and boa rd and disposed of 90 drink s cans,
70 food cans , 35 petfood cans, 107 bott les and jars and 45kg
(99Ib) of plast ics . By 2000 local authorities in Britain were
recycling on average onl y twenty-five per cent of domestic
waste and suc h valuable resources as glass, metal and
plast ics were shame fully neglected by disposal in land fill
sites or incineration. Furt hermore , landfill sites generate
methane and con t ribute to the accumulation of gree nhouse
gas es and rising glob al temperatures.
The big environment a l iss ues
In 1995 the European Environment Agency defined the key
environmental issues of the day as: climate change, ozone
deplet ion , acidificatio n of soi ls and surfa ce water, air
pollut ion and qua lity, was te man agement, urban issues,
inland wate r resources, coas tal zones and mar ine wate rs,
risk manageme nt (of man made and nat ural dis ast er s) , soil
quality and biodiversity. Recogn ition tha t the planet was
fast reaching a perilous state galvani zed 172 governments
to gather in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992 for the United
Nat ions Conference on Environment and Develop ment.
The achievements of the 'Earth Summit' were co nsidera ble.
The Rio Declarat ion on Environment and Develop ment
set forth a series of principles defin ing the rights an d
responsibilities of states, a comprehensi ve blueprint for
global action called Agenda 21 was publi shed, guidelines
for the management of sustainable forests (Forest
Principles) were set and the UN Convention on Biodiversity
and t he UN Framework on Climate Change (UNFCC) were
rat ified. The co nference set the fou ndat ions for esta blishing
t he UN Commi ssion for Sustainable Development
(UNCSD) , which produces annual progress reports,
and adopted the Precautionary Principle, which states
that ' lack of full scientific certa inty shall not be used as a
reason for postponing cost -effective measures to prevent
environmental degradation' .
Europe's cutting-edge en vironmental legislation
In 1972 t he t hen members of t he European Economic
Community (now the European Union), recogni zing that
environmental damage transgresse s nat iona l boundaries,
agreed that a common transnational policy was requ ired in
Europe . Since then t he European output of legislation and
regulatory measures to combat environmental degradation
has been prolific.
Regulations passed by the Europea n Counci l beco me
effective law for all mem ber sta tes immediately, whereas
directives, which are also legally bindin g, do not come into
force in the member states until carried into nat ional law by
individual governme nts . Important legislati ve advances
include the Directive on Conservation of w ild Birds 1979,
the Directive on the Asse ssment of the Effects of Certa in
Public and Private Projects on the Environment 1985, the
Direct ive on the Conservatio n of Natural Habitat s and
Wild Flora and Fauna 1992 and the Directive on Integrated
Pollut ion Preventi on and Control (IPPC) 1996. A range of
ot her direct ives is of great relevance to manufacturers and
de signers , includi ng on vehicles , electr onic equ ipment,
toxic and dangerous was te and packaging and packaging
waste. The effect of the se regul at ions is felt well beyond
Europe , as t ransglobal companies manufacturing car s,
electroni c goods, packaging and chemical products have
to meet these st ringent standards .
Europe' s collaborat ive effort s to int roduce
environm ental legislat ion and regulation provide a model
to oth er regions of the world for int ernat ional coo perat ion,
for example, Nort h America and the 'Tiger' econom ies
of South-east Asia (ASEAN).
Introduction
Industry visions and reality
Although the was tage of res our ces as soc iated wit h t he
planned obso lesce nce in t he US car industry in the 1950S
is no longe r tolerated, t he lifet ime of the average family
vehicle remai ns less t han ten years. Furt hermore, the
global car industry is geared up to keep addi ng to the
existing five hun dred million ca rs worldwide at the sam e
level of prod uction. More fuel-efficient ca rs tha t ca n
be disassemb led at the end of thei r lives have been
produced and some are already on the market, but many
manufacturers will not roll out this tec hnology into new
mod els unt il they have extracted the ret urns on their capital
investment in cu rrent models . Moreover, most are
concerned to maintain their ma rket share by providing
cus to mers wit h choice, often in the form of fuel-inefficient ,
presti ge or luxury cars.
Bot h hardware and softwa re compa nies are obsessed
with dou bling the spee d of person al co mputers every
eight ee n months as chip technology continues it s meteo ric
development. Users are seduced into buying fast er
mach ines eve n though they use onlya s mall fract ion of
the computing power available. Bas ic funct ionality, such
as being able to adjust the height of a mon itor or arran ge
a keyboard to s uit individual need s, remains inadequate.
Yet the computer indu st ry co njures up a vision of a fut ure
in which we ca n programme our house to coo k the dinner
before we arrive back from work, of a wired-up ' informat ion
age' in which everyone has access to t he Inte rnet. The reality
is that ninety-fou r per cent of the world's po pulation does
Novelties and gimmicks
Many of the products available through mail order
catalogues are in fact gimmicks that will do no more
than provide temporary amusement.
Small but dangerous
Many small electronic devices, such as personal
stereos and mobile phones, have a voracious appetite for
batt eries. While more devices are offered these days
with rechargeable batteries, the older models still consign
mi llions of batteries to landfill sites, where cadmi um,
mercu ry and ot her toxic su bstances acc umulate.
In the European Union the disposal of certai n battery
types is illegal but in many pa rts of the world it
cont inues unabated.
Occasional use
The developed world's preoccupat ion with DIY home
imp rovements means that each household owns specialist
tools, such as electric drills and screwdrivers, which are
rarely used.
l _
Freedom and death
The car is the ultimate symbol of personal freedom for the
twentieth century. It confers unending choices for the user
but condemns many to death, directly as accident victims
and indirectly as the recipients of pollutants causing asthma
(from particulate matter), brain damage (from lead) and
cancer (from carcinogens) . It also contributes towards
climate change via emissions of carbon dioxide, marine
pollut ion in the event of oil tanker spillage or accidents,
and noise pollution. Most societies feel tha t the personal
freedom outweighs the collective price but recent ly several
European cities such as Paris and Milan have banned cars
on selected days .
One-way trip
Some products lead short, miserable lives, desti ned for a
one-way t rip between the retai l shelf and burial in a landfill
site. Packaging produc ts are the prime exam ple of one-t rip
product s but there are man y ot hers - kitc hen appliances,
furniture, garde n accessories and all the paraph ern alia of
the modern world.
Everyday products quietly killing
Qu ietly humm ing away in the corner of millions of kitchens
wor ldwide is t he humble refrigerator. It protect s by keeping
food fresh , but it is a killer too. Coola nts us ing CFCs
(chlorofluorocarb ons) or HCFCs (hydroc hlorofluorocarbons)
are t he main cul prits in precipitati ng rapid degradat ion
of the layer of ozone gas, which keeps out harmful radiation
from space. Not only are there substantial seasonal
holes in the ozone layer at the North and South poles
but t he layer has thinned considerably in other parts
of t he world . Thus inhabitants receive higher doses of
radiation with an increased risk of cont racting skin
afflictions and cancer.
The real lives ofproducts
Everyday inefficient products
The efficiency of prod ucts that have become a way of
life needs to be cha llenged cont inually.The European eco-
label for was hing machines lays down threshold values
for energy cons umpt ion of 0.24 kWh per kilogram and
water cons umption of 15 litres per kilogram of cloth es
(1.5ga1sjlb) . Yet on lya few co mp anies applyfor thi s eco-Iabel
and man y European ret ailers se ll machines that do not
meet the sta nda rds, even thou gh they obvio us ly have
the techn ological mea ns to do so. Failure to applythe
best techn ology avai lable means unn ecessary dai ly
con su mption of massive quantities of electric ity
and wate r.
Int roduction
not have access to the Internet. The building of ever bigger
and faster networks and workstations involves considerable
consumption of finite resources and the use of toxic
substances during manufacture and disposal.
The bra nd thing
Companies with internationally recognized bran ds aspire
to increase their market share in individual nations in order
to claim world do minance. Expectation, in the for m of the
brand promise, often de livers a t rans ient moment of
satisfaction for the purchaser. Whatever happened to
products t hat were guarantee d to 'last a lifetime? Where is
the long view in the companies that sell these brands? The
big brands have the potential to reduce the environmental
impact of their activit ies, but not if they pers ist in
encouraging their customers to consume more, not less .
Moving commerce towardsustainability
Evolving environment management systems (EMS)
The flagsh ip international sta ndar d that encourages
organizations to exami ne thei r ove rall environmental
impact arising from production (but not the impact of
the ir products during usage) is 1501 4001 compiled by
the International Standards Organization in Geneva,
Switzerland. Companies that achieve this independently
certified EMS have integrated management systems into
their business to reduce enviro nmental impact s directly
and have agreed to pub lication of an annual environmental
report from an aud ited baseli ne, so reductions in impact
ca n be measured. Ot her indep end ently certified standa rds
exist, suc h as the Eco-Manage me nt and Audit Scheme
(EMAS) for companies in EUmem ber states.
Sus ta inab le production and consumption
In 1995 the World Business Council for Sustainable
Development (WBCSD), a coalition of 120 international
companies committed to the principles of economic
growth and sustainable development, published a report
entitled SustainableProductionand Consumption: A
Business Perspective. It defined sustainable production
and consumption as ' involving business, government,
communities and households co nt ributing to environmenta l
quality through t he efficient production and use of nat ural
reso urces , the minimization of wastes and the opti mizat ion
of products and services'. The United Nat ions Commission
on Sustainable Development (UNCSD) , formed at Rio in
1992, sees the role of bus iness as crucial since it requires the
integrat ion of environmental criteria into purchasing policies
(green procurement) , the des ign of more efficient products
and services , including a longer lifespan for durable goods,
better after-sales service, increased reuse and recycling
and the promotion of more sustainable consumption by,
improved product informat ion and by the positive use of
advertising and marketing. This represents an important
change in the way businesses operate.
Model solutions
WBCSD members are encouraged to ado pt measur es
to improve t heir eco-efficiency, that is, greater reso urce
produ ct ivity, by maximizing the (financia l) value added
per unit of resource input. This means providing more
consumer performance and value from fewer resources
and producing less waste. Amory Lovins et al of the Rocky
Mountain Institute in the USAproposed the concept of
' Factor 4' - a doubling of production using half the existing
resources, with a consequent doubling of the quality of life.
Researchers at the Wupperta l lnstit ute in Ger many find
Factor 4 inadequ ate to deal with t he expected do ubling
or tr ebling of world pop ulat ion by 2050 and so propose
' Factor 10' as a more appropriat e model for the developed
Nort h to achieve equab le use of reso urces for popul ati ons
in the North and developing South.
Another model tha t is finding favou r with busi ness is
ca lled 'The Natural Ste p' (TNS). It sets out four basic
'system conditions' for businesses to adopt. First, su bstances
from the earth's crust, the lithosphere, must not be extracted
at a greater rate than they can reacc umulate - thus there
must be less reliance on 'virgin' raw materials. Secon d,
manmade su bsta nce s must not systematically increase but
should be biodegrada ble and recyclable. Third, the physical
basis for the produ ctivity and diversity of nature mu st not
be syste mat icallydimini shed - ren ewab le resour ces must
be maintained and ecosyst ems kept healthy. Fourth, we
must be fair an d efficient in mee ti ng basic human needs -
resou rces shoul d be shared in a more eq uable mann er.
Companies as diverse as car pet manufacturers, wate r
suppliers and house builde rs have taken up TNS.
Early adopters and new business models
International companies from Europe, the USAand Japan
are exploring new business models that take a long view
enmeshed with t he concept of sustainable develop ment.
For example, Mitsubishi cons ide red the eco logy of the
tro pical rainforest system, which is highly produ ctive in
terms of biomass on a fixed amount of nut ritio nal reso urces .
Waste becomes other organisms' food in t he rainforest.
Mitsubishi mimic this ecology by ensuring t heir industrial
system meets eco-efficient parameters. Where possible
waste should be consumed within the company. This model
could be extended to ensure that materials are returned to
Introduction
_
the manufacturer at the end of their lives, keeping the
materials in a closed loop and ensuring that the
manufacturer retains control of these resources. At the
same time, consumers should be discouraged from buying
products and instead encouraged to lease product services.
Philips Electronics in the Netherlands produced
two publications, Visionof the Future (1 996) and LaCasa
Prossima Futuro - The Home of the Near Future (1 999),
the latter being also the title of an exhibition at the Milan
International Furniture Fair in April 1999. Among factors
considered were the role of electronic equipment , the
introduction of networks and wireless equipment in the
home, changing social needs and interactive products .
Ecodesign is integrated into existing design, production
and development and innovation processes .
Similarly, the UK-based international oil company,
British Petroleum pic, once a companywhose revenue
derived solelyfrom fossil-fuel products, has now
repositioned itself as one of the world's leading energy
compa nies and is a keymanufacturer of solar panels
and solar-powered systems .
Designers save the earth
Designers actuallyhave more potent ial to slow
environmental degradation than economists, politicians,
businesses and even environmenta lists. The power of
designers is catalytic. Once a new, more environmentally
benign design penetrates markets its beneficial effects
multiply. Businesses spend less on rawmaterials and
production and so realize better profits, users enjoy more
efficient, better-value products, governments reduce
spending on regulatory enforcement and the net gain is
an improved environment and qualityof life. The vivid
examples in this book demonstrate the capabilityof design,
and hence des igners, to shape the future and save the earth.
Arobust tool kit
Today' s designer has a powerful array of tools to assist
him/her to meet the challenge of reducing environmental
impacts at the design stage, such as simple checklists,
impact matrices, lifecycle matrices, eco-wheels, Ufecycle
Inventory (LCI) and Ufecycle Analysis (LCA) software.
Checklists can be found in the publications included in
Further Reading (p. 346) and a full list of organizations
and agencies offering information and software to
assist designers is given in the Green Organizations
section (p. 332).
A manifestof oreco-pluralistic design ...
designs that treadlightly on the planet
The thoughtful designer of the twenty-first century will
design with integrity, sens itivity and compassion. He/she
willdesign products/materials/s ervice products that are
sustainable, i.e. theyserve human needs without depleting
natural and manmade resources, without damage to the
carrying capacity of ecosystems and without restricting the
options availablefor present and future generat ions. Aneco-
pluralistic designer will:
1. Design to satisfY real needs rather than trans ient,
fashionable or market-driven needs.
2 . Design to minimize the ecologicalfootprintof the
product/material/service product, i.e., reduce resource
consumption , including energy and water.
3. Design to harnesssolarincome (sun, wind, water or sea
power) rather than use non-renewable natural capital
such as fossil fuels.
4. Design to enable separation of components of the
product/ material/service product at the end of life in
order to encourage recycling or reuse of materials
and/or components.
5. Design to exclude the use of substancestoxicorhazardous
to human and other forms of life at all stages of the
product/material/service product's lifecycle.
6. Design to engender maximum benefitsto the intended
audience and to educate the client and the user and
thereby create a more equable future.
7. Design to uselocally available materials and resources
wherever possible (thinkinggloballybut acting locally) .
8. Design to exclude innovation lethargy by re-examining
original assumptions behind existingconcepts and
products/ materials/ service products.
9. Design to dematerialize products intoservices wherever
feasible.
10. Design to maximizea product/material/service product's
benefits to communities.
11. Design to encourage modularity in designto permit
sequent ial purchases, as needs require and funds
permit, to facilitate repair/reuse and to improve
functionality. -
12. Design tofoster debateand challenge the status quo
surrounding existing products/ materials/service
products.
13. Publish eco-pluralistic designs in the publicdomain for
everyone's benefit, especially those designs that
commerce will not manufacture.
14. '. Design to create more sustainableproducts/materials/
service products for a more sustainable future.
. '.
..
. )
Layeredtimber, solid
339
cherrywood
Renewable materials
32]
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C
...,
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iil
Seating
Chair
Foam rubber has long
provided padding for
furniture, but Alfons Broess
has explored newfillings
made from waste wood
chips, which cushion and
adapt to individual body
shapes . The soft fill is
enclosed in the rigid
synthetic shell.
/
AlfonsBroess, graduate, 3
05
DesignAcademy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
.,
Prototype
Polypropylene
34'
(}
Singlerecyclable
327,
material
3
29
Multifunctional
indoor/outdoor
furniture
Sprocket
Two types of shell are
available for th is
lightweight , ste el-framed
lounge chair: Gridcore ,
which is a reinforced
sheetin g made from
recycled paper, or used
plastic sheet ing.
/
Colin Reedyand Renaldi
3
09
Hutasoit, USA
e
MetaMarf, lnc., USA
3
20
.-
Gridcore orpost- 295,
consumerplastics. steel
34
1
Recycledmaterials
3
2]
Minimal materials
usage
4
IDRA award, 1996
33
2
Seating
Seating
Airbag
Since the 1960s inflatable
chairs have come and gone
but Suppanen and
Kolhonen have added an
extra comfort dimension
by placing balls of EPS
inside the nylon outer
cover, at the same time as
allowi ng the chair to be
deflated when not in use.
Nylon is tough and resists
puncturing better than
other polymers.
Basti an
Big Legs
Interlocking cutouts of 100
per cent-recycled HDPE
plastic panels create
sculpture and visual
excitement in this three-
legged chair. Newplastic
recyclates offer different
propert ies from the
plywood that would have
been the usual choice of
material for this design.
Thus the potent ial
outcomes are different too.
Henner Kuckuck, USA
3
08
.,
One.off
HOPErecyclate
34
'
,}
Recycled materials
3
2
7
Q.
lORAaward, '995
33
2
IIkka Suppanenand Pas;
3
10
Kolhonen,Finland
.,
Snow, Finland
3
2
4
Expandedpolystyrene,
34
'
nylon
Lowweight of
3
28
materials
Reduced energyused
during transport
Brownwrapping paper and
softwood, both inexpensive
renewable materials sourced
locally, are hand-crafted into
a lightweight chair with
matching footstool. Clean
lines reinforce the
simplicity of the
construction technique and
materials, borrowing from
t he long tradition of Far
Eastern wood and paper
manufacturing, but in
harmonywith a Western
design ethos.
@
RobertAWettstein,
3
10
Switzerland
.,
One-off/ smallbotch
3
10
production, RobertA
Wettstein
Paper,wood 288-9
339
Renewable, low-
34
0
embodiedenergy,
materialsand
construction
Bl otter
'Keepi ng it si mple' is the
message de livered by t his
bent-steel cha ise longue
wit h its soft, cus hioning
skin of rubb er to keep out
the cold.
Body Raft
Local wych elm is bent wit h
stea m to create a curved
frame to which further
curved lathes are attached .
This organic shape is
visually appealing. Hand-
crafted furniture of t his
kind ca n contribute to
sustain ing local
economies.
/
MarreMoerel
3' 2
(Netherlands), USA
.,
One-aff
Stainlessandmildsteel, 295,
rubber 28
3
Recyclable materials 327
Economyof materials
usage
/
DavidTrubridge, New
3
11
Zealand
.,
Prototype
Wychelm wood
339
Renewable materials
3
2
7
Seating
The Bottle-TopStool
This fiat-pack stool is
de signed for dis assembly
and is 10 0 per cent
recyclable. Legs and seat
are ma de from R-MOW
recycled plast ic sheet and
the bott om rails from
aluminium t ube and die-
cast fixings. Plastic
recyclate rep laces the
t raditional wood and can
hel p increase the amount
of the plastic reta ined in
the recycling loop.
:...
"T1
C
3
;:;.
c
m
-
/
DamianWilliamson,
3
11
UK
.,
One.off
R-MOWrecycledplastic 292,
sheet, aluminium
339
Recycledandrecyclable
3
28
materials
Designfordisassembly
Q.
lORAAward, 1997
33
2
Seating
Miss Ramirez
Granular waste from the
cork manufactu ring
industry in the Iberian
peninsula is mixed with
synthetic rubber to create a
durable material suitable
for cold moulding. This
material can be formed
into well-defined shapes
but retains some elasticity.
Roberto Feo creates an
appealing and comforta ble-
looking lounge chair. The
mate rials lookfamiliar yet
strange, creating a heavy
chair that is actua lly easily
moved around using the
front wheels. This is an
economical, functional,
ecological and mode rn
des ign.
/
RobertoFeo, 1 Ultimo
3
06
Grito, Spain
.,
One.offorsmaf/ batch
3
06
production, 1 Ultimo
Grito, UK
Wastematerialsfrom
3
27
renewable sources
Compostable
Bucket Seat
Adding a ready-made steel
and wood bucket handle to
this traditional seat ing
design makes the stool
eas ily portable, which in
turn is a feature the user
can enjoy. Adash of wit
revitalizes craft traditions
and helps bring this type of
furniture back into living
and work spaces.
;#
Carl Clerkin, UK
3
05
.,
Smallbatchproduction
,.. Ready-made steel, wood 295,
3
28
Renewable and
3
27
recyclable materials
Useof ready-modes
Seating
/
ProfWulfSchneider 3
10
and Partners, Germany
.,
GebruderThonet 3
17
GmbH, Germany
Recycled roadtraffic
34
'
signs
Reuseof materials
3
2
7
ct-
IDRAaward,1997
33
2
Seating
"T\
C
3
;:;:
c
n;
Seating syst em
It is clear to anyone who
works in a mode rn office
t hat t he paperless office is
st ill a figment of t he
futu rologist s' imaginat ion.
Paper consumption is
increasing worldwide , so
op port unities to
reman ufacture paper into
new mat erials deserve
explorat ion. Martijn van
Maanen believes locally
gen erated was te pap er can
be converted into new
sea ting and suggests that
gove rnme nt tax offices
might be a good place to
start such a scheme!
/
Martiijn vanMaanen,
3
11
graduate, Design
AcademyEindhoven,
Netherlands
.,
Prototype
Paper 288
Materials recycledat
3
2
7
source
@
Seating
Gallery
This moul ded plywood
stool is a mo du le that
funct ions in its own right or
can be joi ned to others to
for m a co nti nuous bench
or rows of sea ts . Efficient
use of materials is achieved
th rough sim plicity and
st rength of form.
/
HansSandgren
3
07
Jakobsen, Denmark
.,
FredericiaFurniture
3
16
AjS, Denmark
,. Plywood
339
Economy ofmaterials 327,
usage
3
29
Renewable materials
Dualfunctionseating
Q.
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
@
-
HowSl owt heWi nd
Simplicity of const ructio n
ca n sti mulate eco nomy of
mat erials use, permit easy
ass embl y and disassembly
and con t ribute to a
redu ct ion in t he ene rgy
needed for fab ricat ion.
Yamanaka uses one sheet
of recyclable polypropylene,
cut and bent to slide over a
swivelling base made of
MDFand covered wit h
leather. The result is a
dynamic yet pleasing line
Seating
Impression
r--
:...
The sculpt ural
"T1
c
pos sibilities ofHDPE :;
recyclate are explored by
2".
cutt ing and shaping m
sheet s. This demonstrates
how new material s
st imulate innovat ion s in
the des ign proces s.
/
Philip Loakerand Plastics
3
08
f th IndustryLtd, UK
e
Plasticsf th IndustryLtd,
3
22
UK
Recycled HOPE
34'
Recycledmaterial
3
27
and a comfortable easy
chair equallyadapt able to
living or working spaces.
/
Kazuhiro Yamanaka,
3
11
Japan
.,
Prototype
Polypropylene, leather, 28
5.
MOF
34
1
Renewableand
327,
recyclablematerials
34
0
Low-energy
manufacturing
Seating
Maggi
Hinting at an imminent
(environmental) meltdown,
Bar and Knell'schair is
formed of plastic packaging
waste, dyed black then
surface finished with Maggi
plastic carrier bags. The
branding lives on but
not as the marketeers
intended. This chair
was made in 1995 but
the design partnersh ip
experimented with many
variants from 1993to
1997, including sofas and
furniture for children.
Their playful yet deliberate
exposure of the raw-waste
medium contrasts with the
highlycontrolled, stylized
injection- or blow-moulded
designs of the 1960s and
1970S. This reincarnation
poses the quest ion, ' How
can we throwaway such a
useful resource?'
/
BeataandGerhard Bar
3
04
andHartmut Knell,
Germany
.,
One-off, limitedbatch
production
Packaging waste
32]
(}
Recycledmateriols
32]
o
Mari lyn, I Can SeeYour
Knickers
Asingle sheet of
polypropylene is pre-formed,
then fixed to a simple
square-section steel frame.
Components are easily
assembl ed with low-energy
production techniques ,
materials usage is kept to a
minimum and easy
disassembl y permits
recycli ng.
/
EIUltimoGrito, Spoin
3
06
.,
EIUltimoGrito, UK
3
06
Polypropylene, steel ~ 5
34
1
(}
Economyof moterio/s
32]
usageandproduction
-
Origami Zaisu
Asingle sheet of plywood is
bent and cut to form a simple
floor seat. In Japanese culture
sitting on the floor is the
norm but perhaps the
practice should be adopted
more widely, since the
omission of legs that form a
conventional chair saves
materials and ene rgy.
MitsumasaSugasawa, 310
Japan
.,
TendoCo. Ltd,Japan
3
25
11
Plywood
339
(}
Economy of materials
327
usage
Renewablematerials
Seating
Mirandolina
Reviving a technique first
used by t he designer Hans
Coray, with his pressed-
aluminium ' Landi' chair
designed in 1938, Pietro
Arosio has produ ced an
economical yet elegant
stacking chair from a
single sheet of aluminium.
Cut and pressed into its
final form, the Mirandolina
shouts efficiency. The use
of one mat erial,
alumi nium, facilit at es
recycling of the waste
offcuts and ens ures it is
easy to recycle or repair.
Pietro Arosio, Italy
3
04
.,
ZanottaSpA, Italy
3
26
11
Aluminium
295
(}
Recyclable single 327,
material
3
28
Efficient materials
usageandrecycling
duringmanufacturing
Seating
Box
Originally designed in 1975,
the Box cha ir has now been
reissued with an injection-
moulded polyprop ylene
back as well as seat.
Tubular metal legs and
back frame are easil y
assembled and
disassembled, facilitating
repair, refurbishment and
recycling of any of the
components. The flat pack
and low weight reduce
distr ibution costs and total
transport emissions,
reflecti ng Mari's de sign
philosophy of
' reduct ionism'.
/
Enzo Mari, Italy
3
08
0
Driade SpA, Italy
3
15
( 1 Recliner
and Footstool
Utilizing st ea m-be nt
English ash wood allows
eco nomical use of
mat erials without
sacrificing strength and
ensures a low-embod ied
energy of manufacturing.
The cha ir frame is
adjustable to th ree
positions and is cus hioned
wit h padde d linen. An
alternat ive version, using
rattan, is available. Trannon
merge th e t raditions and
durab ility of bent ash with a
fres h aesthetic and a green
pol icy for the procurement
of raw materials.
/
DavidCalwellandRoy
3 5
Tam,UK
0
TrannonFurniture Ltd,
3
2
5
UK
Solidashwood,linenor 29 0 . 1,
rattan
339
Renewablematerials
327,
withstewardship
3
28
sourcing
Low-energy
constructiontechniques
Cardboard Chair
Lettingthe materials
deliver the (environmental)
message is a theme
common to furniture
designers around the world
using recycled or recyclable
materials. So Jane Atfield
(UK) speaks with plastic,
Frank Gehry (USA) with
cardboard and Lievore
(Spain) with maderon. The
Campana brothers
combine a robust , solid,
iron-rod frame with a
laminated cardboard seat
and backto create a dining
chair that demonst rates
how unpretentious
materials can encourage a
healthy hybrid of
modernism and craft.
/
FernandaandHurnberta
3
0
5
Campana, Brazil
.,
Limitedbatch
production
Ashwood, willow
339
(}
Renewableand 327,
compostablematerials
3
28
Low-energy
manufacturing
Locallysourced
materials
Seating
The Porcelain Stool
Hella Jongerius hijacks
materials associated with a
trad itional process or
product and reappl ies them
to a tot ally different funct ion.
Such flexible thinking is
essential for the future.
Porcelain , long noted for its
fragility and de licate
qualities, is moulded into a
robust , organic-sha ped
stool.
/
HellaJongerius,
307
Netherlands
0
CoppelliniSpA, Italy
3
14
Porcelain
295
Economyofmaterials
327,
usage
34
0
Material with low
embodiedenergy
OTO
Cut and bent from a single
shee t of laminated beech ,
Karpf' s grace ful chair avoids
t he need for any ot her
components, keeping t he
production process efficient
and reducing waste.
/
PeterKarpf. Sweden
3
08
0
Inredningsf orm/lform,
3
18
Sweden
Laminatedbeechwood
339
Aeronautical-quality
339
plywood
Economyof materials
3
2]
usage
seat ing that maywell revive
the fortunes of bamboo as
a material for the new
millennium, casting off the
unwanted associations
between bamboo furniture
and colonial verandas ,
conservatories and
swimming pools. Bamboo
is here again. It is modern,
renewable, recyclable and
toxin-freeand is a ferocious
producer of biomass in the
right climate.
/
JaneAtfield, UK
3
04
0
Prototype, Float Up
3
16
VP,UK
Seating
DeckChair
The structural properties of
recycled plastic sheet have
been thoroughly exploited
in this combined chair and
ottoman, which can also be
used as a deck chair. This
material is highly malleable
when heated, enabling
complex bending to
produce results similar to
pre-compressed wood.
"
Colin Reedy, USA
3
09
4)
MetaMorf, lnc., USA
3
20
Twistedpaperandsteel 288,
wire
295
(}
Renewableand
3
27
recyclablematerials
-
Seating
Diva (n) Paradox
Rushes harvested from
freshwater reed-beds are
inserted and set into a
simple frame containing
polyurethane foam.
Organic materials of
natural and synthetic origin
are juxtaposed in a visually
arresting form. Both
materials are quite durable
and when no longer
serviceable could be
incinerated or shredded for
reuse as fill material.
/
PilBredahl and Lise/otte
3
0
4
Riset', Denmark
0
One-off
Denim 2g0
Low-energyfabrication
32
8
includesself-assembly
Seating
for the woode n part s,
while the leath er originates
from a tannerythat uses
vegetable-base d produ cts.
Easy assembly and
disassembly facilitate
repair and exten d the
life of the product s.
/
Galleri StolenAB, 31]
Sweden
e
Galleri StolenAB,
3
1
]
Sweden
HOPErecvciate, maple
339,
plywood
34
1
Recycledandrecyclable
3
27
materials
Q.
fORA award.1996
33
2
Seating
/
Julienne Dolphin-
3
06
Wilding. UK
.,
One-off/ smallbatch
production
Yewwood
339
Recycledand
3
2
7
renewable material
Durability
o
o
CT
(;;'
!=l.
III
Q'
r:
S:
::l
OQ
Seating
Eco
These stackable chairs are
cut from a single piece of
veneer-faced ply and follow
in the Scandinavian
tradition of working with
bent ply, as were the designs
of Gerald Summers for the
firm of Makers of Simple
Furniture based in London
in the late ' 930s. Simplicity,
economy and functionality
meet in this award-winning
design,
/
PeterKarpf, Sweden
3
08
0
Inreningsforrn/iforrn,
3
18
Sweden
Plywood
339
Renewable material s
327,
Economyofmaterials
3
28
usageandlow-energy
production
Q.
Winnerofthe iFEcology
33
2
DesignAward, 2000
..
Eraser Chair
The innards of mo st chairs
are hidden from view but
culpepper has chosen to
celebrate the inner secrets
of the Eras er Chair, which
raise s the value of recycled
materials by bringing them
to the attention of th e
viewer. Laid bare is the
struct ural fabr ic of thi s
design, which co ns ists of
95 per cent-recycled woo d
felt att ached to a rigid
frame .
/
Michael Culpepper, USA
3
05
.,
One-off
Recycledwoodfelt
339
0
Recycledandrecyclable 32]
materials
4
IDRAaward, ' 995
332
Eric
Cardboa rd is combined
wit h lami nated and painted
plywood to produce
an armc hair requiring
low-en ergy input to
manufactur e. Wetts te in
emp hasizes the corruga ted
cons t ruct ion of the
cardboa rd and joins a
distin guish ed list of
designers such as Gehry
and th e Campana brothers,
who also ma ke th e most
of th e st rengt h of thi s
lamin at ed material.
/
Robert AWettstein,
3
11
Switzerland
.,
One-off/smallbatch
production
Cardboard, plywood
339
0
Renewable materials
3
2
]
Seating
:...
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;
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;;;
Seating
q-bac
Astr iking and comfortable
easy chair has been created
using ready-made
components, such as
aluminium ladder sections
and rubber, wit h minor
mod ifications . Exist ing
manufacturing plant and
capacity are ut ilized more
efficientl y to intro duce new
product s. At the end of ,
their lifespan , the
components can be easil y
disassembled for recycling
or reuse .
/
GabrieleAckon,David
3
1
5
Zyne Productions, UK
.,
DavidZyne Productions,
3'5
UK
Aluminiumreadv- 283,
mades, rubber
3
2
7
Useof readv-made
3
2
7
components
Ragchair
Waste rags and pieces of
cloth are bou nd over a
wooden frame using steel
bands, mimicking the
process of binding bales of
recycled textiles, to create a
comfortable yet unique
easy or lounge cha ir. Remy
has observed the texti le
industry recycling its
product s and neat ly
translated the idea into
eclectic furnitu re that
boldly states its origins .
/
Tejo Remy,Droog 306,
Design, Netherlands
3
09
.,
DMD, Netherlands
3
15
High-density
34'
polyethylene(HOPE)
(}
Recycledandrecyclable
3
2
7
materials
.,.,
c
..,
::::l
;;:
c
iil
Seating
@
Trinidad NO.3298
' Indust rial craft' production
will undoubtedly prosper in
th e twenty-first ce nt ury if
th e wor kma ns hip and
gra phical form of th is as h
cha ir are a measure of the
out put of today' s furnitu re
manufactu rers.
/
NannaDitzel, Denmark
3
06
4)
Fredericia Furniture
3
16
AjS, Denmark
Steel,felt 29,
295
Economy of materials
3
2
7
usage
Renewableand
recyclablematerials
--
Ghos t
Purity of form and function
can often be ach ieved by
focusing on the exclusive
properties of one particular
material. Cini Boeri and
Tomu Katayanagi have taken
a single piece of t zmm-thlck
(c. l Iz-i nch) toughened
glass and cut and mou lded
it into an extraordinary
object. They juxt apose t he
contradictory characteristics
of the material - it s fragility
and toughness - and create a
durable, rather timeless
design. Ghost provides food
for thought on how other
familiar materials can be
modified or mutated to fit
new forms and functions.
Bei ng composed of a si ngle
mat erial fac ilitates recycling
at the end of t he prod uct 's
life and encourages c1osed-
loop recycling. whe re the
ma nufacturer uses it s own
recycled materials to produce
new goods.
/
CiniBoeriandTomu
3 5
Katayanagi. Italyand
Japan
e
FlamItalia SpA, Italy
3
16
Glass
295
(}
Recyclable single
3
27
material
Durability
Chair and ottoman
Slabs of heavy-grade
industrial felt , typically
used for noise insulation in
military vehicles, are bolted
together to create an
archetypal armchai r. An
olloman emerges from th e
offcuts. The orig ina l felt
slabs are tr ansfor med from
the utilitarian to th e
pur pos eful. yet reta in t hei r
honesty of or igin. Like the
Danish des igner Niels
Hvass, who has made a
Seating
similar chair from used
newspapers, Atfield reminds
us to keep it simple and
create zero waste.
/
JaneAlfield,UK
3
0
4
(
One-offs
Shetkaboard 280
Recycled,renewable
3
2
7
materials
Q.
IDRAaward, ' 995
33
2
Chair
This knock-down chair uses
lightweight Gridcore, made
of 100 per cent-recycled
paper honeycomb
sandwiched between
laminated paper surfaces,
for the sides and back.
Solidcherrywood is used
for the arms and rear leg.
The furnishing fabric
comes from DesignTex, a
US company knownfor
reducing the environmenta l
impact of its textile r n g ~
Seating
/
Janice Smith, USA
3
10
.,
One.off
Recycledpollet wood
339
~
Recycledandrecyclable
3
2
7
materials
4
IDRAaward, 1998
33
2
Seating
Kids furniture
The confetti-like colours
and pattern s of the recycled
plastics in these furniture
items are tailor-made
for creating a st imulating
learning environment
for the young child.
Demonst rating this
material' s versat ility
for making robust , fun
furniture, Reedy introduces
some nice touches such
as the hand holds for
carrying the chair and
rounded edges for safety.
Knotted chair
Aloose, flexible, macrame
form of aramide fibre braid
is dipped into a solution
of epoxyresin. The resin
is hardened by drying at
high temperatures to
produce the necessary
rigidity for the purpose.
This remarkable chair is a
blend of imagination and
technology, which fits
the Factor 4 philosophy
of ,doing more with
less' . However, a few
reservations surround the
technosphere materials.
Epoxy resins need careful
handling during production
and the resultant aramide
reinforced with epoxyresin
is a composite that could
prove diffi cult to recycle.
/
Colin Reedy, Meta Moif,
3
0
9
Inc., USA
0
MetaM01'nc., USA
3
20
Aramidejibrebraid, 28
4
epoxy resin
,}
Economyof materials
3
2
7
usage
---
Seating
/
SebastianBergne, UK
3
04
0
Authentics
3
1
3
ottipresent, Germany
Recycfable
295,
polyprapylene, metal
34
1
(}
Recycfable materials 327,
Designf ordisassembly
3
28
Minimaluseof
materials
Leg Over
The colourful, circular
polypropylene sea t clips
over t he powder-coat ed
st ee l frame to provide
a versatile, stackable
stool or footrest. It is
economical in its use of
materials and stylistic
languag e.
removed. The wood is
malleable at this stage and
can be bent before being
allowed to dry. Once dry it
maintains its original
strength and flexibility.
/
Erik Krogh Design,
3
06
Denmark
0
One-aff
Pre-compressedwood
339
(}
Renewablematerial
3
27
withimproved
characteristics
Krogh chair
The single-piece back
support and arms are
made of pre-compressed
wood . Many types of wood
will respond to pre-
compression treatment.
The process involves
mollifying the fibres with
st eam and then
compressing them, which
cau ses the fibres to adopt
an accordion-l ike zig-zag
st ruct ure. This results in an
overall shortening of the
wood by 20 per cent, which
reduces to 5 per ce nt when
the compress ing force is
Little Beaver
Part of Gehry's
' Experime nta l Edges'
limited edition for
Vitra, the Little Beaver
compr ises offset layers
of thick car dboa rd wit h
large corruga t ions , glued
and stood on end . Both
the mater ial and the
constr uct ion technique
reveal numerous
permutat ions for working
t hese materials and
contrast with his earlier
furn iture work with
cardboa rd in the Wiggle
series Of1972, now being
produced agai n by Vitra.
/
Frank a Gehry, USA
3
06
0
VitroAG, Germany
3
26
HDPEsheeting,steel 295,
341
(}
Recycledandrecyclable
3
27
materials
/
ijsdesigners(Bridget
3
07
Readingand Monique
vandenHurk), UKand
Netherlands
0
Limitedbatch
oroduct ion
.....
hollowarms and 'angle-
iron' legs. Starckbrings
his usual wit and economy
of line to this chair, which
is equally happy in a
garden, an urban loft or a
cafe. As it is fabricated
entirelyfrom PPwith a
sma ll, easily removable,
stainless-steel plug
around the drainage hole
in the seat, it easy to
recycle the materials at the
end of the item's life. By
2030 manufacturers may
even be requesting that
their products be returned
bythe current custodian
for dismantling and
recycling of components
and materials. The
material content of the
Toy Chair will then be
valued as much as the
comfort and pleasure
given through its lifetime.
Seating
/
Philippe Starck, France
3' 0
0
DriadeSpA, Italy
3
1
5
Polypropylene
34
1
Recyclablesingle
3
27
material
Economyof materials
usage inmanufacturing
."
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(i1
ToyChair
Tough, durable and
colourful, polypropylene
has been a favoured
material with designers for
nearlyhalf a century. Toy
Chair is a wonderful
celebration of technological
progress in single-piece
injection moulding, with its
Thinking Man 's Chair
Tubular and flat steel are
combined in a deliberately
'engineered' look, further
enhanced by the red oxide-
type finish complete with
written dimens ions. A
durable design for indoor
or outdoor use, which,
being made from a single
material, is easilyrecycled.
/
JasperMorrison, UK
3
09
e
Cappel/iniSpA, Italy
3'4
Steel
295
Recyclable single
3
27
material
Seating .
/
Ronaldo EdsondaSilva.
3
0
5
Brazil
.,
Papo-Papel, Brazil
3
22
The Draught
Wicker is imaginatively
combined with steel for
this exciting range of
chairs. Traditional weaving
of wicker is abandoned in
favour of methods inwhich
the withies are held tightly
together with steel or
inserted into solid beech.
The results bring nature,
with all its innate variability,
into the living space.
/
PawelGrunert. Poland
3
0
7
.,
Limitedbatch
production
Timber
339
(}
Renewablematerials
327,
Lowenergyfabrication
3
28
Ir
Tables
Flower pot table
Clay flower pot s are given a
fres h, sophisticated image
in th is s imple but well-
executed de sign for a
durable, functional
occasiona l or side table ,
which uses raw materials
tha t are readily available
worldwide.
/
JasperMorrison, UK
3
09
.,
CappelliniSpA, Italy
3
1
4
Solidashwood
339
..Renewable materials
327,
withstewardship
3
28
sourcing
..Low-energy
construction techniques
Mooving Image/ Sony
flat-screen coffee table
Old TVs never die, theyjust
find a new home. Jam's
TVsdon't work but they
still grab the attention.
Electronics manufacturers
are being forced to realign
their ent ire business
strategies in accordance
with EU legislation (such
as the WEEEDirective),
which encourages them to
take back their products .
Fabricating furniture from
TVtubes isn't really dealing
with the problem of
disposal (of heavymetals,
gases, glass) but it
provides an interim
solution while suitable
disposal methods are
sought.
Jam Designal.
37
Communications, UK
0
Jam Design al.
37
Communications, UK
Concrete, glazed
295
ceramictiles
(}
Low-embodiedenergy 328,
Durability
340
:...
Tables
Plaky
Soph ist icated extrusion
and mou lding of t he ABS-
polycarbonate blend of
plast ic recyclate adds value
to t his waste stream by
t urning it into a desi rable
item offu rniture. The
anod ized aluminium
pede stal stem completes
the 'u p-market' effect.
/
ChristopherConnelf,
3
0
5
Australia
.,
Wharington 320 ,
InternationalPlyLtdfor
3
2 6
MAP(Merchantsof
Australia), Australia
RecycledABS-
34'
polycarbonate,
aluminium
Recycled andrecyclable
3
2
7
materials
Saita
Almost go per cent of t he
stee l in circulation has
been recycled at some
time, so it is refresh ing to
see steel being used with
grea t sculptura l panache in
Steel 295
Singlematerialforeasy
3
2
7
recycling
Extremelydurable
material
---
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ro
Tables
/
ChristopherCannell,
3
0
5
Australia
.,
Prototype, MAP, 320
Australia
RecycledABS
34
1
Recycledmaterial
3
27
Ledge
The density and strength of
ABS, even in recycled for m,
contributes to lightn ess in
design, in Christopher
Connell's vision .
/
PaulNijland, graduate,
39
Design Academy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
e
Prototype
Woad,metal 295,
339
Economyof materials
327,
usage
3
28
Low-energy
manufacturing.
distributionand
assembly
Schraag
This table-cum-desk
minim izes on materials by
us ing three legs , not the
traditional four , for each
lightweight aluminium
trestle, A range of standard
2 x o.g-metre (6ft 7in x 3ft)
top s ca n be chosen from
laminated bamboo, glass
or red multiplex. Simplic ity
and ease of assembly bring
the old-fashioned trestle
table into the modern
world.
/
Martin vanSeveren,
3
11
Belgium
.,
Bulo, Belgium
3
13
Aluminiumwith 281,
bamboo, glassor
295
multiplex
Renewablematerial 327,
option
32
8
Recyclable materials
Designfordisassembly
Table 0.85x1.20m
Table design is stripped
down to the bare essentials
- a woo de n workto p,
fou r tubular met al
legs, the who le easily
disassembled, No fuss ,
minimal production costs,
easy flat pack and low-
energy production input.
Tables
Table
Hertz reveals the
workability of Syndecrete'"
in his individualistic,
sculptural tables.
"
David Hertz, USA
37
.,
Syndesis, lnc., USA
3
2
4
Syndecrete", glass
295
Recycledmaterials
327
Sidetable
Syndecrete'" is a
lightweight composite
concrete utilizing mixed
industrial and post-
consumer waste,
pulverized flyash and PP
fibre waste. The material
is well suited to detailed
moulding and can be
polished to reveal a
terrazzo-like surface.
"
DavidHertz, USA
3 7
.,
Syndesis, lnc., USA
3
2
4
Syndecrete" 295
Recycledmaterials
3
2
7
Foldingtable
Easily mass- produced, with
lowenergyinput, this
simple folding table
combines lowcost with
transportabilityand the use
of Environ and Ranger
MDFparticleboards.
"
AnnCirandand Brian
37
Champion, USA
.,
One-off
/
JasperMorrison,UK
3
09
0
Cappellini SpA, Italy
3
14
Recycledcardboard 288-9
Recycled materials
3
27
4
lORAaward, 1997
332
\
Nested tables
TableOp-La
Jurinec sees cardboard as
a noble material with great
worth in its unrefined
naturalness, lowcost and
transient durability.
Cardboard encourages
minimalism in design and
is non-materialistic. It is
also eas ily returned to the
recycl ing loop.
Gridcore, a recycled paper
honeycomb core sandwiched
between layers of fibre
sheeting and veneer,
provides sufficient rigidity
to support a glass table top.
/
Dan Cramer,USA
3
05
0
One.off
Recycledandrecyclable
327
materials
4
lORAaward, 1998
33
2
Table
Shelving and Storage
Bookcase
This co nce rtina-like
bookcase has an interesti ng
juxtaposi t ion of natural
. materials. The craft aes t hetic
has always embraced
experimentation with nature' s
prima ry material s but furt her
possibilities are emerging to
create a new ' indust rial craft'
producti on .
Chest ofdrawers
An assortment of salvaged
drawers is reincarnated as
a new chest of drawers in
Remy' s functional yet
quirkyde sign. The drawers
loo ks as if they cou ld have
been strapped on to the
back of a pick-up truck and
indeed the des igner
encourages thi s metaphor
by binding the dra wers
together wit h the webbing
and steel rat che t used by
truc kers. Chest of Drawer s
is an object su spended in
time, neither permanent
nor transient , and
de mon str at es the recycling
of dozen s of original
(drawer) designs that
fashion had consigned to
t he junk shop.
/
Tejo Remy, Droog
3
0
9
Design, Netherlands
.,
One.off/ smollbotch
3
07
production. Droog
Design, Netherlands
11
Olddrawers, webbing,
34
'
steel
Reusedandreadv-
3
27.
madecomponents
3
28
Cold. low-energy
construction
/
Jon KoningsondJurgen
3
08
Bey. Droog Design.
Netherlands
e
DMD/Droog Design,
3
07
Netherlands
3
15
11
Maplewood. paper, 288-91
linen
339
I nnovati veuseof
natural, renewable
3
27
materials
,
1
...
I
L
I
i
~
'!
- ,-
~
iJ
~
~
/
Kobi Wiesendanger,
3
11
Switzerland
e
Limitedbatch
3'3
production, Avantde
Dormir, Italy
Pinewood, cupsand
339,
saucers(usedto propup
34
1
shelfunits)
~
Reuse of ready-made
components
Renewablematerials
MDF 292
Modular
3
29
multifunctional design
Upgradable
Modularbookshelf
- r
This dual-function
bookshelf and/or stor age
unit is pared down to
an essential modul ar
component of a box
frame and remo vable box
' drawer' . It is a simple,
vers atile system that can
be expanded to meet the
user' s needs. It offers
excellent storage capacity
in relation to its foot print
and can also double as a
screen to divide a room.
/
Giulio Polvara, Italy
3
0
9
0
Kartel/, Italy
3
18
ABS, lacquered
34
1
polyurethane
Modularstarage
3
29
system
>
Robostacker and
Hola Hoop
Traditionally manufacturers
strive to serve specific
mcrkets and, where
poss ible, increase their
market share. Jam are a
design group focused on
developing symbiotic
relationships with
manufacturers to explore
whether their ready-made
components can be
adapted to create fresh
products for new markets.
The ' Robostacker',
produced in 1997 in
collaboration with Italian
white-goods manufacturers
Whirlpool, converts three
stainless-steel washing-
machine drums into a
storage unit. Developing
the concept further, Jam
created the Hola Hoop
shelvingusing painted or
stainless-steel-finished
drums and glass sheets.
Ready-made components
can be obtained from
pre-consumer (factory)
or post-consumer
(municipal or other
waste-disposal centres)
sources. Jam have liaised
with other well-known
manufacturers to produce
flat-screen mobile coffee
tables from components
made bySony. Reuse of
manufact ured components
seems to offer endless
possibilities but does not
absolve the designer
from examining the green
credentials of the
original components and
manufacturers' environmental
commitments.
/
Jam Design0<
3
07
Communications Ltd,
UK
.,
Jam withWhirlpool,
3
0
7
UK/ Italy
Stainlesssteel
295
Reuseorre-appli cation
327
ofready.made
manufactured
components
Shelving and Storage
Es
Nine beechwood rod s
are inserted int o fou r
plywood pan els and
locked into place using
plast ic rings. Grcic
tests the boundaries of
stabil ity wit h a design
that wobbles yet doesn't
fall over. His design
appears to fly in the
face of man 's desire
to remo ve nature
from t he process of
manufacturing, being
deliberately ma de to
look naive and in a DIY
style. The rods per mit
t he shelving to double
as a coat rack and
clot hes sta nd.
/
KonstantinGrcic,
30 ]
Germany
e
MoormannMobel,
3
20
Germany
---
Sten
The Sten system of storage
and shelving is a series of
standard flat-pack
components, which can be
bolted together in a range of
bespoke combinat ions.
Shelving, uprights and
storage-box panels are
manufactured from untreated
Scandinavian softwood from
managed forests or IKEA's
own woodlands. Coach
screws and ties are used to fix
the individual elements into a
rigid structure and the
assemble d unit can be eas ily
disassemble d for reuse or
recycling. The shelving is
robust and capable of holding
up to sookg (r.roolb),
/
IKEA, Sweden
3
'9
.,
IKEA, Sweden
3
'9
Plywood, metal
295,
339
(}
Economyof materials
327,
usage
3
28
Lowenergy
manufacturing
r
ShelvingandStorage
Hoover
This lightweight war dro be
feat ures st retc hable s ide
panels, which provide ext ra
capacity for t hose
awkwardlyshaped objects .
Nz' s minimalist philosoph y
excludes extra neous det ail
and incor porates a
red uction ist approach to
t he use of mat erials.
/
JorgBoner, N2,
3
05
Switzerland
0
sdbindustries,
3
23
Netherlands
Various
(}
Economicaluseof 327,
materials
3
28
Greatercapacitythan
traditionaldesigns
Ecotable/ sideboar d
Joinery skills are applied to
this tab le/s ideboard, which
is made of 95 per cent
Environ , a biocom posite,
and 5 per cent Durawood ,
an HDPE plast ic lumber
recyclate. These mater ials
compleme nt the simplicity
of t he design eleme nts and
echo t he style of classic
Shaker furnit ure ma de
from Amer ican hardwoods.
/
GeorgeEttenheim,
3
06
Ettenheim Design, USA
0
EttehnelmDesign, USA
3
06
Recycledplastic
3
2
7
Recycledcontent
3
2
7
Recycfedsteel,Fiberbond 283,
Wallboord, reused
295
rubber
Recycfed andreused
327,
materials
32
8
Eosyassembly/
disassembly
q.
lORAaward, 1996
33
2
Shelfsystem
Lightweight materials
commonly use d for
packagi ng can provide a
viable alternat ive to
't radit ional' shelving
mater ials such as stee l,
alumi nium and woo d. These
shelves are const ruct ed
us ing techniques similar to
those used to manu fact ure
moulded packaging for
eggs and electro nic goods.
Part of the challenge to
de signers is t o reappraise
convent ional pract ices and
test the suita bility of
mat erials, es pecially
biocompos ites, for new
applicat ions.
/
j asperStartup, Startup
3
10
Design, UK
.,
Smallbatchproduction
11
Recycfednewspapers,
34'
reusedfruit trays
Recycfed materials
3
27
Reusedcomponents
Compostable
q.
lORAaward, 1995
332
Multifunctional
ACol lect ion of
Mammoth Pillows
Anthropometries fixes the
scale of human objects in
the home, but if you break
the rules refresh ing new
concepts can emerge. The
humble pillow scaled up to
' mammot h' size become s
a foldable sofa, an armchair
for a corn er between walls,
a mattress or a comfortable
zone on which to relax.
/
JudithKant, graduate
3
07
student 2000, Design
Academy Eindhoven,
Netherlands
0
Prototype
Fumishingfabric,filler 28
5
Multifunctional
3
29
furniture
/
Sanderde Klerk,
3 5
graduate student2000 ,
Design Academy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
e
Prototype
Various
.I mprovedf unctionolity
328,
forcomputerhardware
3
2
9
Designforneed
.,.,
t:
3
;::;:
t:
ii1
MuItifunctional
Hepworth sculpture, is a
fun, portable, wireless
computer with a touch
screen linked by an
umbilical cord to the
stool. The user can take
this charming object with
him/her to the bathroom,
kitchen or gar den . In the
twenty-first century we
should expect to see less
of the grey personalities
of existing pes and more
machines that are really
useful even if they aren' t
even switched on! Here's
a step in the right
direct ion.
Commun icat ions
furniture
The time is right for a
design revolution in the
computer industry.
Although the iMac
revitalized the styling of
computers, they st ill
remain working
machines des igned ,
primarily. for the
formality of the office
environment. San der de
Klerk's characterful stool,
remin isce nt of a Barbara
/
ShinandTamaka
34
Azumi
.,
Smallbatchproduction,
34
ShinandTamako
Azum;
Wood.metal 295,
339
Dua/Junctiondesign
3
29
Wit h a simple action this
sparse chest of drawers
ca nt ilevers gracefu llyout to
form an occasiona l ta ble.
For t he Azumis this design
reflect s Japanese cultural
needs where rooms are
often mu ltifunct ional and
fut ons and tab les are
removed or reconfigured
as required .
Table-into-chest-
of-drawers
-
Multifunctional
Dia
Adaptabilityand durability
are the two primary
prerequisites for furniture
that is intended to survive
the elements and robust
use in the garden. This
range offers a high degree
of flexibility- the chair has
an upright and a low
position, the table height
is adjustable and the
sunbed has eight possible
profile permutations .
Polished stainless steel
and strong fabric,
impregnated with
waterproofing and UV-
stabilized, ensure a long
life. Thanks to these high-
qualitymaterials, this
range of furniture is also
suitable for indoor use
and thus offers flexibility
and dual-functionality.
/
Gioia MellerMarcovicz,
3
08
UK
e
ClassiCon, Germany
3'4
Stainlesssteel,
29
0
-' ,
waterproofedjUV- 295
stobilizedfabric
Durabilit y,
329
multifunctionality
--
-
Flexipal
Thes e ident ical int erlocking
plastic modules can be
articulated and held in
fixed pos itions by
t ightening the adjusting
screws to configure a
range offurni tu re from
ta bles to chai rs, beds and
platforms as desired. This
encourages the owner to
experiment with his or her
own concepts and offers
flexible functionality.
/
JRMiles, UK
3
08
e
RetailPlace Ltd,UK
3
2
3
Plastic 283,
295
(}
Multifunctianality, 327,
easeofupgrading
3
2
9
Singlematerialta
facilitaterecycling
Multifunctional
. ' ) ,
- \
... r-
-rt
C
"' ::>
;:;:
C
;;;
Kast stoel
The joined halves of
th is inter estin g seat/shelf/
magazine rack amply
demonstrat e t he
mu ltiplicity of uses to
which a merged object
can be put.
/
Paulo Nerve,graduate
309
student 2000, Design
Academy Eindhoven,
Netherlands
.,
Prototype
Polymer 282,
296-7
(}
Multifunctional
3
29
furniture
Multifunctional
Kokon
Old wooden furniture
is revived by covering
it wit h a PVC-based
coati ng. The
opportunities to create
quirky new cus tom
furniture are legion but
the tec hnique needs
further refinement to find
a substitute for PVC,
who se envi ronmental
track reco rd is poor.
How to isolate the
t imber of the reclaimed
furniture from int imate
contact wit h the PVC
and what to do with the
it ems at the en d of their
lives are unanswered
questions.
/
Jurgen Bey, Droog
3
04
Design, Netherlands
0
LimitedbalCh 306
production, Droog
Desi gn, Netherlands
ReclaimedfUrnit ure,
34
1
PVCcoating
Reuse ofready.made
3
27
components
NatureTechnology
Symbiosis
As civil engineers us e
plants to reinforce
geotechnical stru ct ures
(bioengineer ing) , designers
can use plants to
strengthen t hei r designs.
Edwin Wannet believes t hat
the symbios is of
tec hnological and living
elem ents in th is ' living
cabi net' raises ques t ions
about t he types of produ cts
that could be developed,
prod uct -life expectations
and emotional responses.
/
EdwinWannet,
3
11
graduate student,
Design Academy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
0
Prototype
Wool 290-1
(}
Renewable materials
3
27
Pouffe
Atemporarybed, suitable
for day-time lounging or
use by an overnight guest,
unfurls out of a pouffe, the
exterior upholstery
doubling as a blanket.
/
Erik Bakker,graduate
34
student, Design
AcademyEindhoven,
Netherlands
0
Prototype
Waal,metal 290-1 ,
295
Multifimctianalobject
3
29
Wire-frame
reversible bench
Inspired by the
technological achievements
of supermar ket shopping
bas kets and 3D computer
modelling, the Azumis
were able to create this
lightweight bench , which
can be reversed to ma ke a
cha ise longue or stacked
with other benches to
provide she lving.
/
ShinandTomoko
3
0
4
A2umi,UK
4)
Smallbatchproduction,
3
04
ShinandTomoko
A2umi,UK
Nickelplatedorpowder-
295
coatedsteel
Multifunctionaldesign
3
29
--
Anna Chaise
Rat chets on t he alloy frame
permit the sides of thi s
armchai r to be lowered to
suit the occupant and
convert the armchair to a
chaise longue or day-bed .
An excellent example of
pract ical, mu ltifunct iona l
furn iture.
/
GioiaMel1u Marcovicz,
3
08
UK
.,
Habitat, UK 31]
Cardboard 288-9
Renewable materials
327
Economyofmaterials
usage
Recyclable
"
s:::
:3
;:;:
s:::
....
CD
:...
Herz
Miscellaneous
Steel reinforcing rods ,
si milar to those used in
construction wit h concrete,
are welded and bolted into
a simple frame to which a
moulded leather
breastplate is attached,
providing a funct ional ,
minimali st coat stan d. The
materials used are easily
recycled and the design is
bot h aest hetically pleasing
and durable.
/
AnthologieQuortett,
3 4
Germany
.,
Robert AWettstein,
3
26
Germany
Fasal 278
Renewableand
327,
compostablematerial
3
29
Universaljointing
system
Miscellaneous
Hulsta 'Muvado' range
Germany is undoubtedly
one of the 'greenest'
consumer markets in
the European Union and
Hulsta is a significant
manufacturer of domest ic
and officefurniture with
a proven commitment
to environmental
performance. It was one
of the first compan ies
to register to the quality
assurance standard,
ISO901, and its entire
product ion is certified
under the Blue Angel
eco-Iabel scheme. In
collaboration with Danzer,
a leading veneer company,
Hulsta initiated the 'veneer
passport ' guaranteeing that
it does not originate from a
tropical rainforest. Only
four of their current ranges
Plywood,metal 295.
339
Economyof materials 327,
usage
329
Multifunctional
-
Good Morning
Miss Moneypenny
Not all waste newspapers
and magazines need to be
manhandled down to the
nearest local aut hority
recyclingpoint. Save those
special editions and insert
them into a specially cut
polypropylene tube to create
an eclectic, customized
hat and coat stand. EI
Ultimo Grito wittilycreate
a valid green design by
combining recycledand
recyclablematerials
with self-assembly. They
revitalize the ' Heath
Robinson' approach to
invention and elevate
recycling to a newart form.
Tired with the current look?
Simplyexchange the old
papers with fresh, up-to-
date material.
/
EIUltimoGrito, Spain
3
06
.,
EJUltimoGrito, UK 306
Newsprint
34
'
Reuseof domesticwaste
327,
Low-energy
3
28
constructianandself
assembly
Miscellaneous
HutAb
Aluminium fixings allow
simple machined pieces of
ash wood to articulate
around a pivot to provide a
multifunctional clothes and
hat stand, drying rack or
structure for suspending
house plants. Low-energy
requirements during
production make this an
efficientdesign at lowcost.
/
KonstantinGreic,
307
Germany
.,
NilsHolgerMoormann,
3
21
Germany
"T1
C
:3
2-.
iil
Miscellaneous
Screen
A slende r metal frame
support s a web of
interwoven plast ic st ring.
This lightweight sc reen can
be fabricated from virgin or
recycled mat erials, doesn' t
requi re special ist machinery
to const ruct and is easily
disma nt led at the end of its
life, when t he materials can
be salvaged. Fabrication can
ea si ly be ada pte d to suit
locally available materials .
/
FemandoandHumberto
35
Campana, Brazil
0
One-oJflimitedbatch
production
Metal,plasticstring 28
3.
295
(}
Economyof materials
327
usage
---
Miscellaneous
Screens, various
furniture
Des igner-maker Jason
Griffit h goe s by the
vene rable title of
' underwoods man' .
The ancient craft of the
unde rwoodsman ca n be
traced back five tho usa nd
years in Europe. Using a
wide var iety of timber ta ken
from nat ive or natur alized
coppice d t ree s (t hose
deliberate ly cut to cause
mu ltistems) . he fas hion s
everything from hazel
hurdles or screens to
ta bles, benches and chairs.
The output of the
underwoods ma n is
sust ainab le thanks to low-
energy product ion
techn iques based on
manual labou r an d locally
sourced wood as well as
encouragement of the
system of cop picing , which
helps maintain biod iversity.
/
Jason Griffiths, UK
37
0
One.offsandsmall
batl:h production
Coppiced woodofoak,
339.
ash, yew, sycamore,
34
1
lime. alder. hazel.birch,
willow, sweet chestnut
()
Renewable resources
3
27.
Encourages 328 ,
conservationand
33
biodiversity
Low-energyproduction
:...
Portable double bed
Anyone who has moved
hous e knows tha t the
most cum bersome item
is the double bed. Not so
for t his superb example.
an enti re dou ble bed that
can be neatly ca rried in
its own su itcase. Bucking
t he t rend for se lf-
as sembly furn iture to be
flat . stylist icallydrab and
infuriat ingly difficult to
/
PeterSteinmannand
3
10
Herbert 5chmid,
5witzerland
0
AtelierAlinea,
3
12
5witzerland
Beechwood, plywood. 28
3
steel.rubber
339
()
Portable, self-assembly
3
27
.
furniture
3
28
Economyof materials
usage
as semble, Steinmann
and Schmid have devised
a con struction syste m
that is not only rapid to
assemble but also
visually appea ling.
@
Coral, Polyp, Spores
Moerel demonst rates the
flexibility and hence the
beauty of her raw material
in this series of designs,
which are inspired bythe
same basic module, a
ceramic sphere. Coral and
Polyp are two variants for
unusua l pendant lights,
while Spores are individual
candleholders. Economyof
scale is possible if large-
scale production can utilize
different modular spheres
to make a range of
products.
/
Marre Moere/,
3
08
Netherlands/ USA
0
Smallbatchproduction
Clay
295
(}
Useofabundant
3
29,
materialsfromthe
34
0
geosphere
Durable
Bernini
Fabricated from Tyvek, a
HDPEfabric containing
25 per cent-recycled
content , this flouncy
chande lier illustrates the
drapability of plastic
fabrics. Water-based
adhesives and the use
of a single material
facilitate later recycling.
/
RuthMcDermott and
3
0
4.
Rina Bernabei, Australia
3
08
.,
One-off
Tyvek
3
01
(}
Portreeyclatefobric
3
27
Reeyclable
q.
lORAaward, 1996
33
2
\
-
Quentin
The designers were
inspired bythe complex
forms offolded cardboard
packaging and utilitarian
products such as egg
boxes. Working in
collaboration with a local
Glaswegian manufacturer,
theysought to create a
product utilizing pulp from
recyclednewsprint and
paper-mill waste. An
individual shade comprises
two identical but mirror-
image halves. which are
formed in a mould where
the pulp is vacuum-
drawn. These innovative
lampshades are semi-
opaque, giving a unique
/
IanCardnuffand
3"
HamidvanKaten, VK'"
CPartnership, UK
0
Universal Pulp
325
Packaf(inf<, UK
Newsprint. paperwaste
34'
,}
Recycledandrecyclable
327,
materials
3
28
Low-energy
manufacturing
light output. The
shades can be deployed
individually or in groups
to form customized
arrangements. At the
end of its useful life the
lampshade can be
repulped ready for its next
reincarnation. Potentially
this product can sit within
a closed recyclingloop,
ensuring maximum
reuse of paper fibre and
minimizingthe energy
required to remanufacture
the product.
Fish-lamp
Drilling holes in a standard
pendant lamp fitting
ena bles the brass
sus pension arms to
s upport the frosted glass
pane , which acts as a
diffus er for t he down-
lighting s pot light.
/
MikalaNaur, Denmark
3
0
9
0
Limitedbatch
production
Fishingflaats, 295,
aluminium
34
1
(}
Useaf readymades 327,
Lowenetgy
3
28
manufacturing
--
-
Lampshade
Interlocking moulded
forms of corn-starch
biopolymer fit toget her to
make this organic shaped
lamps hade. This prototype
avoids the use of
adhesives , is recyclable
and/or compostable and
demonstrates t he potential
of biopo lymers to replace
non-renewa ble plastics.
/
Brian Dougherty, USA
3
06
.,
Prototype
Corn-starchbiopolymer 282
Renewable.
33
compostable
biopolymer
Q.
/ORAaward, 1998
332
Lampshade
This reversible shade
perm its a choice of two
strong light ing direct ions
depend ing upon whether
the reflector is uppermost
(for down-light ing) or on
the unders ide (for up-
light ing) . This eloquent
desig n em bodies principles
of minimal ism and dual-
functionality, bot h of
which are very relevant to
designs wit h reduced
environmental loads.
/
Sebastian Bergne. UK
3
0
4
.,
RadiusGmbH.
3
22
Germany
Steel
295
Dualjunctiondesign
3
27.
Economyof materia/s
3
28
usage
Efficient use of a single
natural material creates a
lampshade with sculptural
characteristics, perm itt ing
shafts of light and a warm
glow to penetrate the semi-
opaque natural plywood
and creat ing a dramatic
light source.
/
JasperStartup, Startup
3
10
Design, UK
.,
StartupDesign, UK
3
10
Plywood
339
,}
Renewablesingle 32] ,
material
3
28
Economyofmaterials
usage
Low-energy
manufacturing
Milk-bottle light
Since t he early ' 990S
desi gners have responded
to the challenge to consider
their ethical res ponsibilit ies
to the environment. In the
Netherlands Tejo Remy
explored the issue using
discarded plas tic milk
bott les and in the UKJane
Atfield did the same with
her Re p2 cha irs using
recycled plastic sheeting.
As a consequence the
message - that modern
design must use recycled
materials - is eloquently
delivered.
/
Tej o Remy, Droog 306,
Design, Netherlands
39
.,
Droog DesignjDMD, 306,
Netherlands
3
'
5
Discardedbottles
34'
Reuseof wastereadv-
32]
modes
--
Northern Fleet
chandelier
Shards of broken glass are
painstakingly ass embled
into a cascade oflight in
this unique chandel ier. The
jagged edges of t he glass
make an exciting contrast
with the sheer beauty of the
final form and the des ign
gently mocks at the cut -
glass chandeliers of grand
houses and public
buildings. Qua lity, one-off
de signs may enjoy long
lives, since they may attract
grea ter custodia l care than
run-of-t he-mill, mass-
produce d objects .
/
DeborahThomas, UK
3
10
.,
One-off
Glass, wire
295
Recycledmaterials
3
27
Loop
Dist ributed as a flat-pa ck
pendant shade or floor
light , the Loop, made of
polypropylene, simply
sn aps toget her.
/
RoySant, UK
3
10
., RoySant, UK
I 3
10
\
Polypropylene
34
'
Q
Lightweight, recyclable
3
2
9
single material
----------- - -- -- - -- -
Bogdan li ght
Whereverthere is a power
point let there be light!
With the 'sucker' feet on
the housing of this
minimalist portable light
you can attach it to any
/
Erik Espmark, Sweden
3
06
.,
Prototype
Plastics, copperwire, 28
3.
brass 295
Multifunctionalit y
3
29
smooth surface. Except for
the bulb holder, all other
parts are readily available
fr,om existing
manufacturers.
)
Cape light
The lightweight
polypropylene structure is
asse mbled bypushing
toget her the steel studs.
Aswivelling head permits
direct down-lighting for
home-offi ce working and
up-lighting for those
romantic domes tic
encounters.
/
StephenPhilips, UK
39
.,
StephenPhilips Design,
3
09
UK
-
N
r
ciQ'
:3
----- ------------ - - - - - - - - - - --- ------- - -----.j(JQ
'ComeBack' series
Plastic packaging waste is
reinca rnated as a beauti ful
series of shades for t able,
standard and pendant
lamp s. The diversity of
colou r of the original waste
so urce is reflected in the
random, mosaic-like
arrangement in the
manu factur ed sheeti ng
that is the base material
for t he shades .
/
Bdr Knell, Germany
3
04
0
BoppLeuchtenGmbH, 3
1
3
Germany
HDPEwaste
34'
Kecyc'eamat eflQ
3
2
7
Flamp
This wood en-bas ed
table lamp is dipped in
phosph ore scent coati ng
so t hat it abso rbs the
energy from sunl ight and
reradiates it for up to
twenty mi nutes. An idea l
' emergency' light after
sun set.
/
Marti Guixt!, Spain 30]
0
Smallbatchproduction
Phosphorescentpaint, 286-]
wood 298
(}
Solar-powerednon-
3
2
9
electriclight
Clips
A simple stai nless-s teel
frame clips over a
discarded drinks can and
supports a polypropylene
shade. As your favourite
brand of dr ink changes you
can dispose of t he old one
(at a can bank) and insert a
can t hat held t he flavour of
the mo nth.
#
BernardVuarnesson,
3
11
France
0
Sculptures-jeux, France
3
2
3
Reusedwinebottle,
34
1
corkscrew, electrical
components
(}
Reusedandready- 32] .
madecomponents
3
28
Easilydisassembled
----
Table/floor lights
Recycled car dboar d may
ca rry a print message from
it s previous incarnation as
packaging) Reuse of
car dboard in a new context,
in this case a lamp, extends
the life of this otherwise
tran sient raw material ,
which is just waiting to be
recycled. In short, this lamp
is the temporary custodian
of t he cardboard, which has
its own life to be lived over
and ove r aga in.
/
Ksenkja[urinec, Grupa
37
Dizaj nera, Croatia
0
Prototype
Recycledcardboard
34
'
Recycledmaterials
3
2
7
ct.
lORAaward, 1997
33
2
Hand (to Hold)
This lamp generates
surreal mood lighting by
combining a familiar read y-
made, a rubbe r glove, wit h
a 4W lamp unit.
/
Anette Hermann,
37
Denmark
e
Frandsen Lyskilde,
3
17
Denmark
Latex.lamp 283,
34
1
Ready-made
3
27
component
Renewable material
Floor, Table andMiscellaneeus
hands of the right designer,
the fad that the materials
are obviou sly recycled is
lost in the beauty of the
overall design.
/
RolandSimmons, USA
3
10
.,
Inte1old, USA
3
18
Recycled paper
34
1
Recycledmaterials 32]
Q.
/ORAaward, 1995 33
2
Lumalight lamp
This family of free-standing
lights , made of recycled
paper, reveals that the use
of recycled materials doe s
not inhibit creativity. In the
/
[anne0 hre, Denmark
309
.,
MOD, Denmark
3
20
Plasticdiskcases,
34
'
aluminium profiles,
wires, bulbs
Low-voltagelighting 32] ,
Ready-made
329
components
LightWaliz
A room divider mad e up
of plastic flopp y-disk
cases on a low-voltage
(12V) wiring loo m
provides a unique display
for a range of semi-
transparent pictu res
and casts a patt ern of
sha dows and light.
o
o
a-
n;'
f-- ------ - - - - - ---- - - ---- ---j
1Il
r:
:J
(Jq
e-light
The e-light integrates a
number of techno logica l
improvements over
conventional desk
lamps. The lifetime of the
light ing filament is twenty
times grea ter than that of
an incandescent bulb
and two to t hree times
t hat of a fluorescent bulb
and uses one-fifteenth
as much mercury as t he
latter. Creating a light
s pect rum simi lar to
da ylight , it is five times
brighter tha n a t ungsten
bulb. As the e-Iight
produces neg ligible
t he rma l emissions, t he
need for heat-resist ant
materials is significant ly
reduced. Components
can be eas ily separated,
facilitating recycling and
reuse . Reversi ble joints
and compact des ign
provide flexible light ing
configurations and a
s mall footprint.
/
Artemide SpA, Italy
3
12
0
Artemide SpA, Italy
3
12
Various
Portable, rechargeable,
3
2
9
multifunctionol
lighting
/
PaulTopen, Designedl o 306,
a 'I',UK
3
11
.,
Designed10a 'I' , UK 306
Bamboo, papyruspaper 28 1
(}
Renewable materials )27,
Low-energy )28
manufacturing
,- - f
PO/ 99
0 2C
D
Framin g the bulb not on ly
focuses the viewer on the
light source but also
provid es a protect ive
package during distri but ion
and reta iling.
/
Jeffrey Bernett, UK
3
04
.,
Cappellin;SpA, Italy
3
1
4
11
Cardboard, lampholder 288-9,
34
1
(}
Economyof materials
3
2
7
usage
Soft Box
Special clays are fashi oned
into dur able lightin g units.
Ceramics are tr aditi onally
used for bases for table
lamps but here the
material forms the base
and the shade.
/
Marre Moerel,
3
08
Netherlands
.,
Prototype
Earthenware, porcelain
295
(}
Abundant, inorganic
327
materials
/
WojtekStachowicz,
3' 0
USA
0
One-offs, smallbatch
production
Recycled HOPE
34'
(}
Recycled materials
327
Q.
/ORAaward, ' 995
33
2
/
NeilWilson, UK
3"
.,
Lampholder2000pIc,
3'9
UK
Polypropylene, paper,
34'
wood
,}
Multifunctionaltaskor
3
29
moodlighting
floor lamp. This is proof
that the use of recyclates
does not limit or stifle
design. Indeed, it can be
argued that the constraint
of using onlyrecyclates can
generate creativity.
SailbuoyCanvas
Four coloured filters can be
fitted to the polypropylene-
paper laminate shade to
alter lighting mood. A
wooden base is fitted with
a lampholder for a lO-watt
compact fluorescent lamp
(CFL) , ensuring low energy
consumption and heat
outp ut.
Tablelamps
Inexpensive extruded t ubes
of 100 per cent-recycled
HDPEare cleverly
juxtaposed with another
extruded component to
produce an eas ily
asse mbled and att ractive
Post It lamp
Astrong cardboard tube
with plastic end caps
arrives through the post ,
the contents are extracted
and within minutes it is
asse mbled into a compact
but functional table light.
While not particularly
robust , the Post It Lamp
minimizes transport
emissions and costs, as the
packaging is used to form
the lamp base. This is a
neat idea that can be
extended to other des ign
applications.
/
2pm Limited, UK
3' 2
0
zpm Limited, UK
3' 2
Cardboard, plastic,
34
1
paper,electrical
comoonents
(}
Economyofmaterials 327 ,
usage
3
28
Reductioninenergy of
transportandassembly
--
l
Floor, Table andMiscellaneous
The Eyeof the Peacock
Plasticbottles are shredded
and reconst ituted to form
a fascinating melange
of colour and texture,
the original bott le tops
and sealing rings further
enhancingthe texture and
varietyofthis wall panel.
Illuminated from behind
withfluorescent lighting,
this wallpanel illustrates
the capacityof new
materialsto create a
visual stimulus.
/
Bdr+Knell, Germany
3
0
4
)
One.off
HDPEand LOPEbottles
34
1
(}
Recycledmaterials
3
27
Table/floor lights
Precision laser-cut Trupan
MDFis combined with
paper and steel rods with
birch ball feet to create an
intriguing form, which
exposes all the unfinished
raw materials. Economic al
use of natural coloured
materials illust rates the
ability of such products to
compete with more
established lighting
designs.
/
BurgesZbryk, E+Z 306,
Design,USA
3
11
)
E+Z Design, USA
3
06
Discardedplastic
34'
packaging
Recycledmaterials
3
27
Viva
Borrowing from the Italian
tradition of using ready-
mades espoused byAchille
Castiglioni and others, the
designers took an existing
folding umbrella, called
Knirps, and converted it
into a quirky, amus ing,
folding light. Many other
products await a similar
process of reincarnation.
/
Manuel Ribeira
3
06
Bandeira deVianna,
Brazil,andFrancisco
Gomez Paz, Argentina,
DomusAcademy, Italy
.,
Pratotype
Reused umbrella
34
1
Reuseofexisting
3
27
product
Valvestem candlest ick
This product is the
culmination of researching
local sources of suitable
salvaged manufactured
components available in
sufficient quantities for
large-scale production.
The original design was
driven bythe availability
of a stockof valvestems
from diesel engines. Other
components were tested to
see if theywould fulfi l the
required functions of
holding the candle and
collecting wax. Valve lifter
springs proved particularly
effectiveas candleholders
and are easilycleaned of
excess wax bybending
the spring.
/
R+r SustainableDesign,
3
09
USA
.,
R+rSustainableDesign,
3
09
USA
Reusedvalvestemsand
34'
liftersprings
Reuse of redundant
3
27
manufactured
components
q.
lORAaward, ' 997
33
2
----
-
Powerglass"
Asandwich of cond uctive
material, which is
complet elytr ansp arent ,
is embedded between
layers of ordin ary glass .
Single or mu ltilaminate
conducti ve glass affords
different power-carrying
capacities, so thi s patented
technology can be used
a range of appli cations
for light ing, swit che s,
electronic displays and
so on, esp ecially for low-
voltage appli cat ions.
/
Gla, Platz, Germany
3
1
7
0
ClosPlatz. Germany
3
17
Transparent conductive
295
material, glass
Q
Transparentelectrical
3
29
conductor
Wall bracket
Stripped down to its bare
essentia ls, t his wall bracket
represents an eco nomical
de sign. The elect ronic
ballast and comp act
fluorescent lamp (CFL)
holder sit on a simple
presse d-me t al bracket to
which a curved sheet of
polypropylene is atta ched.
Lompholder2000 pIc,
3
19
UK
.,
Lompholder2000 pic,
3
19
UK
Delight
This decorative wall panel
doubles up as a wall lamp.
The se ductive ambience of
the light is provided by t he
coloured shade of silicon.
Individua l un it s can be
paired to create dist inct ive
floor lam ps.
Adrien Gardere, France
3
06
e
LigneRoset, France
3
19
.-
Silicon, electronics,
34
1
lamp
Multifunctiona/ity
329
o
o
e:r
Iii '
1Il
r
s:
::s
OQ
---
Helmut
This tough, colourful
outdoor lamp reveals it s
origins from the different
colou red fract ion s of HDPE
recycled plastics that are
recon stit uted in this
inte rest ing de sign, which
shows off the ir innate
character istics to
ma ximum effect .
/
Bar+ Knell, Germany
3
0
4
0
Bopp Leuchten GmbH,
3
1
3
Germany
Recycledplastic 283,
295
Recycledcontent 32]
Moonlight MFL
A robust, weatherproof,
semi-t ranslucent,
polyethylene material is
moulded in four sizes and
fitted with different sockets
to ena ble t he low-watt age
lamps (5-23watt s) to be
fixed into the ea rth or used
on hard surfa ces . Feel a
mood swing com ing on?
Simpl y cha nge the
coloured bulb filter,
choos ing from up to 250
colours. Moonl ight MFLis
a versat ile, low-energy,
'mood and colour' ,
indoor{outdoor lighting
system.
I)
Moonlight
3
20
Aussenleuchten,
Germany
Ie
Moonlight
3
20
Aussenleuchten,
Germany
II
Polyethylene
34
1
Multifunctional
3
2
9
lighting
Lowenergy
consumption
Outdoor light
Plastic recyclatefeedstock
was worked by rotational
moulding to create a
tough, translucent, granite-
like textured shade. Special
fittings were developed to
take advantage of the
energy savings of compact
fluorescent light bulbs.
Pod Lens
Most lighting is static,
irredeemably rooted to the
electric cabling built into the
fabric of the building. Pod
Lens is a modular system of
a polycarbonate pod unit
with bulb and flex and a
series of bases for standard
or floor lighting. For indoor
or outdoor use, the'pods
provide for flexibleand
decorative lighting at the
whim of the user.
/
RossLovegrave, UK
3
08
.,
Luceplan, Italy
3
20
Polycarbonates, 296-7
electri calcomponents
Multifunctional
3
29
lighting system
Upgradabilityand
repairability
/
Meta Moif, Inc., USA 320
.,
Meta Moif, Inc., USA 320
Recycledplastic,
34'
aluminiumscrap, regard
steel
Recycledmaterials 327,
Low-energylighting
3
29
system
4
lORAaward, 1997
33
2
Solar Bud
Aphotovoltaic panel
generates energy from
sunlight, stores it in a
battery and releases it to
three low-voltage, red
LEDs, all in a self-
contained unit, which is
placed in the desired
position by pushing it
into the soil or other
suitable medium. Ideal
for garden decorative or
safety lighting, the Solar
Budwould also be at
home in the window box
of an urban bedsitter.
/
Ross Lovegrave, UK 38
e
Luceplan, Italy 320
Photovoltaic,. heavy.
295
dutygloss, ' tainless
stee', bOllery
(}
Solarpower
329
Outdoor light
Proving that form and
function are not
compromised byusing
recyclates, this outdoor
light fitting is made from
60 per cent-recycled glass
blast ing beads. Its
curvaceous form reveals an
inner glow suitable for
securityand decorative
outdoor lighting.
/
John M StOlon. USA
3
10
0
One-off
Recycledgloss
295
(}
Recycledmaterials
32]
Q.
lORAaward,1995
33
2
/
lainSinclairDesign, UK
3
18
.,
lainSinclairDesign, UK
3
18
Stainlesssteel
295
Economyof materials
3
27
usageandenergy
consumption
4
iFDesignAward. 20 0 0
33
2
Freeplay flashlight
Manufacturers of the
renowned Freeplaywind-up
radios have extended their
product range with this
hand-powered torch.
The design represents a
significant improvement on
the inexpensive but fairly
useless small torches
produced since the ' 970s,
in which squeezing a lever
by hand generates a feeble
and rather wobblylight.
Nowa fewminutes'
cranking produces a steady,
reliable light source without
the need to consume lots
of toxic batteries.
/
Freeplay EnergyEurope,
3
1
7
UK
e
FreeplayEnergyEurope,
3
1
7
UK
Photovoltaiccells,
34
1
po/ycarbonate,stainless
steel
(}
Solarpower
3
2
9
A photovolt aic panel
cha rges t he batt ery, which
can provide up to four
hours' light from one
charge. The lamp is robust
and portable and operates
in ext reme temperat ures.
SL-Torch
An 80 per cent reduct ion in
mat erials usage is achieved
by making the batt ery into
the handle in t his neat
torch design. Insert the
batt ery into a hou sing,
which holds t he bulb, and
twist to tu rn on the torch.
/
AntoineCohen, Les
35
Ateliers du Nord,
Switzerland
4)
Leclonche, Switzerland
3
19
Photovoltaics, plastics,
34'
NiMHbattery
(}
Renewable power
3
29
source
Avoidance of
hazardous substances
inthe battery
PHIUPS
c:-
EcotoneAmbiance
Sliml ine
As the process of shrinking
the compact fluorescent
lamp (CFL) continues,
Philips have developed a
matt-glass, candle-shaped
bulb with an E-14thread.
This encourages use of
CFLs in a wider range of
light fittings and so can
help save energy. Available
in 6W, 9W and ll W, the
lamps are manufactured
with a minimal amount of
mercury and lead and have
a projected lifespan of six
years or so.
/
Philips Lighting av,
3
09
Netherlands
0
Philips Lightingav,
3
09
Netherlands
Glass, metalsincluding
295
mercury andlead
Encouragingenergy
3
29
conservation
Q.
iFEcologyDesign
332
Award, 2000
Mini-LynxAmbience
Although this CFLlooks
like a conventional
incandescent bulb and is of
the same size, it uses 8 0
per cent less energy.
Making CFLs this size has
/
Sylvania Design Team,
3
10
UK
0
SLILighting. UK
3
2
4
Various
Energy conservation
329
Reductionof materials
usage
..
Philips Ecotone
Ambiance
Although compact
fluorescent lamps consume
up to 80 per cent less
energy than incandescent
tungsten bulbs, the early
CFLdesigns included a U-
shaped tube, which often
protruded when used in
conventional fittings. Philips
have created a satisfying
compromise by reshaping
the CFLto conventional
lines and size, while still
accommodating the
electronic ballast in the
base. Bulbs to SW, gWor
llW outp ut are to the same
basic design. The only
downside of this energy-
effi cient story is that small
amounts of mercuryare
required to manufacture
each lamp.
/
Fons Boohmond Patrick 309,
vande voorde, Philips
3
11
UghtingBV,
Netherlands
., Philips Lighting BV,
39
Netherlands
Metal, glass
295
(}
Improvedenergy
3
2
9
efficiency andsafety
Aga
Aga-Rayburn cookers are a
symbol of du rable, clas sic
design with over half a
million units su pplied to
the UKand exported
worldwide . 'Agas' , as they
are fondly known, have
been made near the iron-
making town ofTe lford,
Shrops hire, since the
beginning of t he Indust rial
Revolut ion. Indeed, the
Coalbrookda le foun dry,
which supplies castings
for the cooker, ma de
sections of the world's
first iron bridge in 1779
at Ironbr idge. Scrap and
pig iron are the raw
ingredients to create
the handmade cast iron
sections that form the
basic components of
the cooker. Poor -qua lity
cas ti ngs are simp ly
recycled. Originally a
solid-fuel cooker, t he
Aga-Rayburn has been
improved over the years
efficient than a gas ring
and significantly faster
than a conventional
elect ric hotplate. Glass is
used to se para te the wire
coil from t he cooking
pan or kettle but , as all
t he heat is t ransferred to
the vessel, t he glas s to p
remai ns coo l, providing
a safety adva nta ge ove r
conventional cookers.
Precise tem pe ratures
can be selected by us ing
a digital display .
to accept oil, natu ral or
propane gas or off-peak
electricity, and since the
'940S also ca n provide
domestic hot water and
central heat ing needs. Agas
are a coveted status symbol
in any domes t ic kitchen,
represent ing 'good middle-
class taste'. The re may be
more energy-efficient
designs on the market but
few can matc h the lifes pan
of an Aga, which, of course ,
can be refurbished and/or
reca st in the future .
/
DrGustafDalen,
Swedishphysicist, '92 05
0
AgoRayburn, UK
3
12
Cast;ron
295
(}
Recycledandrecyclable 327,
materials
3
29
Durability
Food Preparation
This slimline one- or two-
cup coffee maker com bines
aes thetic flair with Philips' s
high eco-stan dar ds. In-
line dr ip filters are easily
removed from the to p, the
product in stand-by mode
does not consume any
electr icityand all parts are
marked for recycling.
Cafe Duo HD 1740/ 42,
Cuci na Duo
/
Philips Design,
39
Netherlands
4)
PhilipsElectronics BV,
3
22
Netherlands
Metal, thermoplastic,
34
1
electricalcomponents
Energyefficient 328 ,
Designf ordisassembly
3
2
9
andrecycling
4
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
developing world who face
fuel wood shortages wit h
t he means to ster ilize water
and have hot food.
/
BernardKerrand Pejack
34
Campbell, USA
4)
SolarCookers
3
2
4
lntemationai, USA
Glass, plastics,
295
electronics
Improvedenergy
3
2
9
performanceanduser
functionality
Potentialincreasein
longevity
--
Rondo
All components of th is
hand- held sprayer can be
separated for repa ir and
recycling. This facility also
means that customers ca n
choose the colour and
Karcher 670 M
This product incorporates
many des ign features
that will become
standard practice for
manufacturers who have a
responsible attitude to the
environment. Metal and
plastic components are
finish of the central 0.75-
litre-capacity [i .j-pint} ball.
An adjustable nozzle and
pump pres sur es up to 3
bar make this a funct ional
cleaning too l.
/
BE5T, Burofiir
3
04
Produktgestaltung.
Germany
0
Gloria-Werke, H.
3
17
5chulte-Frankenfeld,
Germany
Variousplastics, 283,
stainlesssteel 295
Reduction inuseof
3
27
consumables
Improvedhealth
environment
Oko-Lavarnat 86720**
Combine advanced rinse
technology (ART)
with Fuzzy-Logic
microprocessors in an
Oko-Lavarnat body and one
is close to defining one of
the world's most efficient
washing machines . Five kg
(11 Ib) of dirtycotton
laundrywashed at a 60C
(140 F) cyclerequire only
39 litres (8 gals) of water
and 0.89 kWh of electricity,
placing model 86720 in the
EU' s EnergyLabel highest-
efficiency'A' class and well
within the EU Eco-Iabel
thresholds. Water quantity,
wash temperature and
cycletime are controlled by
the microprocessor, which
can be upgraded as new
detergents and other
washing aids are
developed.
/
AEG, Germany
3
12
0
AEG, Germany
3
12
Various
,}
Lowenergyand water
3
29.
consumption
330
Hoover Quattro
Whis per Easy Logic
mode lAliajo
In 1993 Hoover became the
first man ufacturer of
washing machines to be
awarded the EU Eco-label,
which sets t hres hold values
of 0.23kWh/kg for ene rgy
usage and 15litres of water
per kilogra m (l.s gais/l b) of
laund ry, with its New Wave
range of machin es. The
compa ny has stea dily built
on its repu tat ion for
efficient machines 'A' rated
und er the EU Energy Label.
The curr ent range includes
the Quattro Whisper Easy
Logic syst em, which uses
so und-abso rbing panel s
and improved sus pens ion
to redu ce op erat ional
noise. A Powerjet spray
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Staber System 2 0 0 0
Bucking the t rend for
horizontal-axis-driven front-
loading was hing machines,
t he Staber Syst em 2000
offers a top-loaded
machine into which the
stainless-steel basket of
laundry is int roduced.
Energy-saving feat ures
include the use of a
var iable-s peed motor . Easy
acces s to the intern al
com ponents ca n be gai ned
by lifting t he front panel
and fitting a se lf-clea ning
filter, thus facilitating
ma intena nce. The
manufactu rers claim
reduced energy, water and
det ergent consumption.
/
Staberlndustries, USA
324
4)
StoberIndustries, USA
324
Various
Low-voltagedevicef or
3
29
domesticrenewable-
energysystems
Planet DC
Cooling
This DC refrigerat or /
freeze r of O.33CU m (11 .6cu
ft) capacity, operates from
12Vor 24V an d can be
susta ined with any small,
domestic, rene wable -
energy syst em usin g deep-
cycle batteries, for
.exarnple, a photovolt aic
modu le capabl e of
ge ne rating 150W.
repa ir rem ai n to be seen
but an appliance with su ch
personality might just
receive a bit more car e and
attention from the owner.
The end-of-life scenario is
also important - will
Electr olux Zanu ssi be
t aking the se back?
/
Roberto Pezzetta,
309
Luciano Pesavento,
Zanussi Industrial
Design Centre, Italy
e
f /eetroluxZanussi, Italy
3' 5
Various
Improvedfunctionality
3
29
f nergyefficient
OZ23
Curvy lines and a ' rollerball'
foot to the doo r give better
access than con ventiona l
fridge -freezers to the cold
storage and freezer spa ces ,
which here have a cap acity
of 211litres (46 gallon s) .
Att ention to detail is
evident in th e use of' CFC-
free' isob utane R600A
coolant and cyclopentane
insu lation, which reduce
the imp act of harmful
aer ial emissions; in the
EU Energy Label 'A' rat ing
for appl iances; and in
the low noise level of the
compressor mot or , which
hum s along at a quiet
38dbA. Wheth er th is model
has greater longevity than
other current models and
is easy to main tain and
Cooling
/
Supercool AB, Sweden
3
24
(I
Supercool AB, Sweden
3
2
4
Thermoelectricmodule,
34
1
bismuthtelluride, plastic
Reducti oninenetgy
329,
consumption
34
0
Non-toxicrefrigeration
systemJreeof CFCsor
HCFCs
Using the alterrnative
'Greenfreeze' refrigerants,
Vestfrost remains the only
manufacturer in Europe
holding the EU Eco-Iabel
for this category of
appliances.
/
DavidLewis, UK
3
08
(I
Vestfrost, Denmark
3
25
Thermoelectricmodule,
34
'
bismuthtelluride, plastic
Reductioninenergy
329,
consumption
34
0
Non-toxicrefrigeration
systemJreeof CFCsor
HCFCs
Resembling a wilted flower,
the sta tionary fan comes to
life as the electric mot or
builds up speed and
centrifuga l forces unfu rl the
fabric 'blades '. Once fully
taut, the blades produce a
whorl of colour and generate
a wide-angle breeze. Unlike
conventional metal- or
plastic-bladed fans , the Soft
Fan requires no guard.
/
Paul Priestmanin
3
09
collaborationwiththe
Aeronautics
Department, Imperial
College, London, UK
0
Prototype
Recycled PET
34
1
Recycledmaterials 327,
Reductioninenergy
3
29
consumption
q.
/ORAaward, '9 97 33
2
from an obj ect of cold
function alism to one
of playful character.
Most of the materials
can be recycled or
composted .
In the Indust rial Revolution
iron and steel usurped
natural materi als, so it is
refreshing to see the
process cleverly reversed in
t he housing of this electri c
fan, in which woven ratta n
replaces the con vent ional
pressed she et steel or
plast ic. At the sa me time
the fan is transformed
Wind
Sycamore fan
Inspiration for the form of
this mono-blade fan came
from the humble winged
seeds of the sycamo re tree .
This organic design uses
recycled PETto create a
lightwe ight blade that is
energy efficient and quiet.
Felt12 x12
Be your own fashion
des igner using
Fortunecookies' s felt
squares backed with
Velcro: assemble a
jacket, trousers , wedding
dress or any other
ga rment in your own
personal ized style.
Bored with the look?
Deconstruct your design
and sta rt aga in. Fashion
is placed back in t he
ha nds of the consumer.
tf
Fortunecookies,
3
06
Denmark
0
One.off, Fortunecookies,
3
06
Denmark
TENCEL fashion
garments
Three internat ionally
renowned des igners
reveal the versa t ilityof a
manmade fibre usi ng
natural cellulose der ived
from managed forests .
TENCEL" is from renewable
resources and is
manufactured in a c1osed-
loop clean production
process. Wit h good
dra pa bility and a wide
choice of surface finishes
and weaves. TENCEL" fabr ics
offer the convenience and
feel of modern synthetics
and have a redu ced impact
on the environment. All
this is proof that today's
levels of comfort and
style can be mai ntai ned
without sacrificing t he
environment. TENCEL'" is
one of the modern success
st orie s of the global textile
industry.
Clothing
/
HussainChalayan,
3
0
4.
AmayaArzuaga,
3
0
5. -i>.
GaspardYurkievich,
3
09
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Various
iil
Vl
TENCELo
III
291 ::l
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III
compostoble materials
Vl
33
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10939 wedding dr es s
Hess Naturtextil ien
examined how the eco -
efficiency of a typical
wedd ing dress could be
improved, bearing in mind
the extravagance of using
such a dress for a single
day only. Their solution
is to make a dress using
40 per cent woven hem p
with 60 per cent silk
with an organic cotton
undergarment and lace.
Manufacturing processes
dramat ically red uce
che mical treatments and
wate r consu mpt ion. For
the first year of its life the
dress is lent to a se ries of
happ y brides, thereaft er it
is made available for
pur chase. Hydrocarbon
dry-cleaning repl aces the
traditional cocktai l of
volatile chemicals in
between loans . And with
luck the dress will be
further reused by the
bride's friends an d relatives
before being recycled via
textile reclaimers.
/
HessNaturtextilien
3
18
GmbH, Germany
.,
HessNaturtextilien
3
18
GmbH, Germany
Varioustextiles,
29
'
electronics
Solar-powered
3
29
wearablegenerator
Reductionin battery
consumption
/
Levi Strauss. Inc., USA
3
19
0
LeviStrauss, Inc., USA
3
19
TENCELe
29
'
Renewable,
3
27
campostable materials
Cleanproduction
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Clothing
Sensor sportswear
Toda y's fascina tions with
fashion and electronic
technology find a meeting
point in these prototype
garments by Philips
Des ign/Philips Research.
Street-cred den im is
embedded with an audio
system in Audio
Streetwear and in-flight
communications are
integrated into the stretch
woo l lmaginair-Airline
Workwear outfits for cabin
crew. Sensor Sportswear
includes electro nics to
monitor bod ily functions,
while snowboarde rs intent
on going off-piste ca n do
so in the knowledge that the
in-built global position ing
satell ite will stop t hem from
gett ing lost. Water and
electronics don 't generally
mix, so presumablythe
electronic elements can be
detached before the
clothing is consigned to the
laundry bin.
/
Philips Design/Philips
3
09
Research, Netherlands
.,
Protatype
Yarn 290-1
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3
29
comfortableclothing
Footwear
/
Daniel Ohlsson, Sweden
3
09
0
Smallbatchproduction
Naturalails,
34
1
conditioners, soapsand
recyclable HOPE
Reusableand 327,
recyclablecontainers
33
0
Highnatural-content
ingredients
The Body Shop range
Since it s formation in the
1970 S t he ethos ofThe
Body Shop has been to
provide a holisti c, natural
approach to body care
and hygiene, with due
considerat ion to the
environmenta l, ethica l
and socia l responsi bilities
of the business. That
approach stil l drives what
has now become the
role model for an ethic al
international bus iness.
Encour aging recycling of
packaging materials, such
as the HOPE bott les used
for many formulat ions , is
an integral part of the day-
to-day business. Having
used up the prod uct, t he
user is encouraged to take
the bott le back either for
a refill or for recycling.
Product information is
generally printed direc tly on
to t he bottles to eliminate
the need for stick-on labels
and facilit ate recycling.
/
BREECollection GmbH
3
1
3
KG, Germany
0
BREECollectionGmbH
3
13
KG, Germany
Leather, cowhide 28
5
Renewablematerials 327,
Reductionof
32
8
productionwaste
q.
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
DOMIN0 4
Leather offcuts from hides
processed us ing natu ral
vegetable tannins are
cleverly cut and stitched
into new bags , the smooth
surface of the leather
con t rast ing with the texture
of t he cowhide. Fas hion
emerges from the
production waste strea m in
a modern ma keover of a
classic 1970S design.
Accessories
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LaVie Prolongee
There are two s ides to the
fashi on coin : the mass-
prod uced high-st reet
brands and the unique
one-offs or limited
editions. Trachsel' s work
exemplifies the craft-
based techniques. She
takes old magazine pages,
impregnates them with
sunflower oil and encloses
them in delicate organza
fabric. These handbags
exhibit a light touch in all
sen ses of t he word.
/
Sonja Trachsel,
3
10
Switzerland
0
Small batchproduction,
3
10
Sonja Trachsel,
Switzerland
Recycledmagazines,
34
1
sunfloweroil,organZQ
EconomyoJ.usageof 32]
recycledandnatural
materials
Accessories
The Inner Tube
In the UKover 70 per cent
of all inner tub es are
incinerated or dumped in
landfill sites . McDona gh
transforms this waste into
an eclectic fashion
statement. Evironmental
concern meets c1ubbers in
the twilight zone. This
design received a UK
Millennium Product award .
/
JulieMcDonagh, UK
3
08
0
The InnerTube, UK
3
18
Rubberfromconsumer 28
3
uses
Reuse of waste
3
2]
materials
Motorized Vehicles
CitymobilC,
In May 1998, at the annual
BMW Day ofTechnology,
the Citymob il C, was
announced as a new-
concept vehicle spec ially
designed to offer individu al
mobility in cities and
metropol itan areas. Single-
occupancy cars account for
almost 80 per cent of
urban journeys. The C1 ,
launched in April 2000,
provides an alternative for
urban car drivers who are
frustrated with congested
roads. Conscious of some
of the dr awbacks of two-
wheeled transport, BMW
have st riven to imp rove
safety stan da rds and
comfort. Crash bars and
fairings and a st iff frame ,
resis tan t to twist ing,
provide front -end collision
prot ection similar to that of
a sma ll car. An ABS opt ion
ensur es skid-free braking
and a un ique curved
windshield arches ove r the
driver, providing bett er
weather protection than
conventional motorscooters.
Fuel consumption is a
respectable 2.91/lOokm
(about 97mpg) and
em issions are reduced
by a t hree-way catalyt ic
converter. Can t he C1
ca pt ure a new audie nce
wit h it s lower road tax and
operati ng cos ts , reduced
fuel consu mption an d
lower em issio ns? .lhe big
question is whether the city
su its and tren dse tters will
be lured out of the comfort
of t hei r existi ng vehicles.
/
BMW, Germany
3
13
4)
BMW, Germany
3
13
Various
Zeroemissions
329
(assuming itis
rechargedfrom a
renewableenergy
supply)
Insi ght
Claimed to be the world's
most efficient petrol-
powered car, the Insight
is actuallya hybrid
petrol/electric car featuring
Honda's Integrated Motor
Assist (IMA' "). The IMA
combines a high-efficiency
99SCC petrol engine with a
lOkW ultra-thin, in-line,
brushless DCelectric
motor to achieve about
30km/ litre (83mpg) and
Sogrn/krn (4.soz/mi le)
C02 emissions (less than
half the EU2000 limit).
Connecting directlyto the
crankshaft, the electric
motor draws power from a
zokg, 144Vnickel metal-
hydride batteryvia an
electronic Power Control
Unit (PCU) when the car is
accelerating, to provide
'Motor Assist' . This
improves power output
and low-speed torque.
During deceleration the
batteries are recharged, so
the car is independent of
external electricitysources.
Reduction in kerb weight,
which is just 83Skg
(1 ,837Ib), is achieved bya
lightweight aluminium
body (borrowingdesign
principles from the Honda
NSX sports car).
/
Honda,Japan
3
18
e
Honda.japan
3
18
Various
Fuel economy
3
29
Lightweight
construction
-
Daim ler Chrysler CCV
(Composite Concept
Vehicle)
Borrowing heavily from
the remarkable low-cost
design of the Citroen 2CV
(originally designed in
1949), the CCV project of
1997focused on the need
to produce an economical
car for the markets in
developing countries
where rough roads and
excessive loading regularly
make unusual demands
of passenger vehicles.
An injection-moulded
compos ite body is made of
two halves attached with
four bolts and adhesives to
a steel frame and requires
no painting. Production
times are thus reduced to
one-third or less of those
for conventiona l cars,
which are typically twenty
hours per car. Costs of the
Motorized Vehicles
PETare between 10 and 20
per cent of conventional
material costs and reduce
bodyweight to S4Skg
(l,200Ib) and permit
reasonable fuel economy,
about 18kmf litre (sompg),
for the small two-cylinder
engine.
/
DaimlerChrysler, USA
3
1
4
0
DaimlerChrysler, USA
3
'4
(workingprototvpe}
Mainbodypanels:
34
1
recyclable polyelhylene
terephthalate(PET)
Recyclableplaslicbody 328,
panels
329,
Reductioninuseof
33
0
materialsandenergy
duringproduction
Reductioninuseof
fossilfuels
Easilydismantled01
endof life
Ggo
Innovative weight-saving
and excellent aerodynamics
give fuel economy, which is
further improved bythe
three-cylinder ECOTEC
engine developed for the
Corsa by Vauxhall Motors
Ltdin the UK.
/
General Molars, USA, 3
'7
,
wilhVauxhall Molars
3
25
LId, UK
0
GeneralMolars, USA, 3
'
7,
wilhVauxhall Molars
3
25
LId, UK
Various
Improvedfuel
3
29
efficiency
ICVS (Intelligent
CommunityVehicle
System)
The real izatio n that
transport systems need
an urgent rethin k has
prompted indust ry,
government and academia
to examine so-called
intelligent tra nsport
systems (ITS). One of the
more advanced concepts is
Honda' s ICVS (Intelligent
Community Vehicle
System) , whose working
components are three
elect ric veh icles an d an
electric/manual bicycle,
which operate within a
defined geographical
area and under sha red
co mmunity usage. The
City Pal four-five-seat er
co mpact electr ic car is a
mu lti-user opt ion and t he
other vers ions are for a
single user.Two
personal electric vehicles ,
the 'Stepdeck' and the
'Monopal ' , offer short-
distance mobility suitable
for inner -city business
users, commuters and
shoppers. Finally, the
electric- ass isted bicycle,
'Racoon ' , is an all-purpose,
uti litarian mo de of
t ransport . In the ICVS
cars and bicycles funct ion
as compleme nt ary tools
in an urban ecosystem.
/
Hondo,Japon
3
18
.,
Prototype,
Various
34
~
Communityrather 328,
thanindividual
3
29
ownership
Reductioninair
emissionsfrom vehicles
Possibilityof powering
fromrenewableenergy
sources
= ~ - - - - T - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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--
Multipla and Multipla
Hybrid Power
The Multipla is capable of
carrying six passengers, in
an upright steel space frame.
Power unit options include a
dual-fuel, 1.6-litre, sixteen-
PZOOOHFC Prodigy
Ford unveiled the fuel-cell
technologyfor the hybrid
hydrogen-fuelled electric
Prodigyfamily sedan at the
Geneva Motor Show in
' 999. In a joint programme
with Ballard Power Systems
and Daimler ChryslerAG,
Ford has developed an
advanced power unit that is
capable of delivering 7SkW
(lOOPS) from four hundred
hydrogen cells in a three-
stack Proton Exchange
Membrane (PEM)
weighing172kg.(378Ib). An
additional 9lkg (zoolb) is
added bythe electric
induction motor, which
delivers '20PS. An on-
board capacity of i .akg
(3Ib) of hydrogen gives a
range of around l 60km
(993 miles) with a
combined Urban/Highway
EPA-cycle fuel economy
equivalent to 28.skm/ litre
valve, four-cylinder engine
capable of using petrol or
methane. Methane is a clean
fuel free from benzene and
particles and gives a
(80mpg) of petrol. With a
total kerb-weight Of l ,S' 4kg
(3.330Ib). acceleration is
about '4 seconds from 0 to
i ookrn/h (62mph) with a
top speed of 14Skm/ h
(9lmph) . These HFCcars
are now being tested in a
three-year programme in
California. Other variants
of the P2000 range include
reduction of 2Sper cent in
carbon dioxide in the
exhaust emissions. Further
reductions are achieved in
the Multipla Hybrid by
a lightweight version being
developed at the Ford
Forschungszent rum
Aachen (FFA) in Germany.
Weighing just 900kg
(1,98olb) and powered by
an experirnental t.z-litre
DiATA compression-
ignition, direct-injection
engine, fuel consumpti on
is zfi .zkm/ lit re (74mpg).
Motorized Vehicles
combining a petrol engine
with electric motor system.
In hybrid operating mode
6.8 litres (l.sgals) offuel
plus 3kWhare cons umed
per iookm and in electric
mode power consumption
is about 30kWh per i ookm
(62 miles). The car produces
about half the emiss ions of
a conventional petrol-
engined version.
/
Fiat, Italy
3
16
0
Fiat, Italy
3
16
Zerohydrocarbon
3
29
emissionsfromfuel
cells
Fueleconomy
Priu s
In October rqqz Toyota
became the first major
global car manufacturer to
launch a mass-produced
hybrid power system
permitting continuous
variable combinat ion of a
petrol internal-combust ion
engine and 43-kilowatt
elect ric motor. Toyota's
commitment to cleaner
technologies and
environmentally improved
products was outlined in a
twenty-page supplement
that appeared in the
November 1997 issue of
Time magazine. So, has
Toyota lived up to
expectations?To date over
ten thousand units have
been sold in Japan and the
vehicle is now being sold in
North America and Europe.
Toyota opted for a parallel
hybrid system (THS or
Toyota HybridSystem),
alternating between petrol
and electric power, as
opposed to a series hybrid
system in which the drive is
provided by an electric
motor and the (petrol)
engine is used onlyto
generate electricity. THS
provides the most effici ent
combination of the two
power sources according
to the drive pattern. If
the car starts out at low
speed the elect ric motor
operates, but during
normal driving t he petrol
engine predominates. On
acceleration the motor and
engine worktogether and
on braking or deceleration
the kinetic energy is used
to produce electricity,
which is stored in high-
performance NiMH
batteries. THS provides a
fuel effi ciencyof 28kmflitre
(90mpg; Japanese 10-15
Test Mode), which is
double that of a Toyota
Carina with automatic
transmission. Emissions of
C02 are cut by 50 per cent
and CO, HCand NOxare
reduced to 14, 8 and 12 per
cent respectively. The heart
of these environmental
gains is the Atkinson-cycle
engine coupled with a
permanent-magnet motor
and generator. Combustion
effici encyis improved with
Variable Valve Timing-
Intelligent (VVT- I)
technologyand a high
expansion ratio to improve
power conversion from
expansion to the drive
train. Recycled and
recyclable materials,
especiallythe easily
recycled Toyota Super
Olefin Polymer (TSOP) ,
are used for bumpers,
dashboard, pillar and other
interior trim. Overall body
weight has been reduced,
window glass reduces
incoming UVwavelengths
and cuts down solar
heating and end-of-life
dismantling has been
facilitated wherever
possible.
/
Toyota.japan
3
2
5
0
Toyota,Japan
325
Various
(}
Reductionof fuel 327,
consumption
329
Improved useof
recycled materialsand
disassembly
Motorized Vehicles
/
Corbin Molars . USA
3
1
4
0
CorbinMotors, USA
3
1
4
Various
~
Zeroemissions when
329
usingrenewableenergy
supplies
Weatherproof, one-
personcommuter
transport
the electric al ene rgy. A
full charge gives a range
of 96 kilometres (60
miles) at a cost of about
50 pence, making it
extremel y economical.
With side-door access
and full weat her
protection , the Sparr ow
might tempt people who
are unwilling to venture
out on a motor scooter or
motorcycle. When it is
being charged up,
howeve r, it has to be
remembered that the
vehicle is onlyas green as
t he mains electricity
supplyto which it is
connec ted.
----- - - - - ---- --- --- - -1 v,
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consider this new one -
seater elect ric car . With
body styling remi nisce nt of
t he ' bubble' cars of the
1960s, t he Sparrow can
achieve s peeds of up to
11 2km{h (70m ph) from the
t hirtee n batt eries tha t store
Sparrow
Those who recall the
infamo us C5 electr ic ca r
designed by Sir Clive
Sinclair in the ea rly 19805
in the UK, regar ded by
man y as a liability in fast-
moving t raffic, might just
Smart Car
In October 1998 the Smart
Car, jointly developed by
the Ger man manufact urer
Daimler-Benz and
Swatch, the renowned
man ufact urer of colourful
modern watc hes , passed
prolonged safety tests
and was launched in the
European market. This
super-compact car looks as
t hough it has been dr iven
st raight out of the pages
of a comic str ip. Measuring
a me re 2.5m (8ft zin},
it is half t he lengt h of a
standa rd car (reducing
materials cons umpt ion)
and uses one-thi rd less
pet rol (on average
zrkrn/ Iit re, or 60 mpg)
than its ma rket rivals, the
Ford Ka and Volkswagen
Polo. Althou gh the car
is designed as an urban
runabout , the tu rbo-
charged pet rol engine
provides rapid accele ration
(60km{h, or 37.5mph, in six
to seven seconds) and a
to p speed of 130 km{h
(82mph) to meet t he high
expectat ions oftoday's
mot orist s. The occupants
are protected by a strong
monocoque steel frame
and there is a range of
modular panels and
interior elements allowing
pe rsonal customization,
cater ing for changing
fas hions and facilita ting
rep air. This could herald
an important development
in the car industry in
which interchangeable
com ponents contri bute to
extending the lifespan of a
vehicle.
/
DaimlerCh'Ysler,
3' 4
Germany
0
DaimlerCh'Ysler,
3'4
Germany
Various
~
ReductioninJuel
~
consumption
Improvementsin
upgrodobility and
repairability
......
TH!NKCity
Almost twentyfiveyears
elapsed between the time
this low-environmental-
impact car was conceived
and the time when a
production model
emerged. Stimulated
bythe energy crisis in
1973, Lars Ringdaland
Bakelittfabrikkenof Norway
examined the possibilityof
building a lightweight car
with plastic panels. For
nearlytwo decades the idea
languished before it was
revived by PIVCO (Personal
Independent Vehicle
Company) in 1990. The
first prototype, which
success fully joined an
aluminium frame with a
thermoplastic body,
emerged in 1992. By1998 a
model complyi ng with all
EU safetysta ndards rolled
off the production line at
PIVCO Industries AS. The
following year the Ford
Motor Company obtained a
majorityshareholding of
the company and it was
renamed THiNKNordic
AS. Production capacity
now stands at five
thousand vehicles per
annum. Designed for urban
users, the TH!NKCityis
powered bya three-phase
electric motor with an
outp ut of 27kW or 4Sbhp.
Rapid acceleration takes
the car from to sokm/h
(31 mph) in seven seconds
and gives it a top speed
of 90km/ h (s6mph).
Nineteen nickel cadmium
batteries provide a range of
85 kil ometres (53 miles)
when fully recharged over
eight hours from a
220Vsupply. Energyis
regenerated from braking
and when the car is going
downhill. Manufacturing
practices differ from the
usual assembly line. There
are ten production centres ,
and plastic panels clip and
clamp together with the
aluminium passenger shell,
which sits on the high-
strength steel frame. The
net result is a car that
requires only425 parts
compared with the
thousands typical of
conventional cars. This
facilitates end-of-life
disassembly and recycl ing.
In short, the THINKCity
embraces the benefits of
integrating Iifecycle
assessment into the
design and manufacturing
process and perhaps sets
a blueprint for small-car
manufacturers. As the
recentlyapproved End of
VehicleLife(EVL) Directive
comes into force in the EU
in 2005, requiring 90 per
cent of a car's components
to be recycled, THINK
NordicAS is moving in the
right direction.
/
TH!NKNordic
3
2
5
AS/Ford, Norway
e
THINKNordic
3
2
5
AS/Ford, Norway
Polyethylene. 295,
aluminium, steel
34
1
Zeroemissions (if
3
27'9
electricity isobtoined
fromrenewable
energy)
Lower-than-allerage
energyconsumption
duringmanufacturing
Highreeyclability of
componentsand
batteries
-
Triax
Three propulsion options
are availablefor this third-
generation electric vehicle:
all-wheel-drive electric, all-
wheel-drive hybrid electric
and two-wheel drive
internal combustion.
/
General Motors. USA
3
1
]
.,
General Motors, USA
31]
Various
improvedfUel
3
29
efficiency
Zeroemissionsoption
VW Lupo 3LTDI
In Berlin on 16 May2000 a
Volkswagen Lupo3LTDI
commenced a journeyto
circumnavigate the world.
It was fitted with a three-
cylinder,1.2-litre (1 /4-
gal)Turbo Direct Injection
(TDI ) engine and the
objective was to break
existing records by making
this the most fuel-effi cient
car to undertake this
challenge. Atotal of
S3,m km (33,333 miles)
was travelled in eightydays
across fivecontinents
at an average speed of
8s.6km/h (S3.Smph) at a
remarkably economical fuel
consumption of 2.38litres
per 100 kilometres (0.84
gallons per 100 miles).
Production models of the
Lupo achieve 2.99 Ii tres
per 100 kil ometres (1.0S
gallons per 100 miles)
under MVEGcycletests.
The designation '3L', for
'three-litre' , here refers to
its fuel economy rather
than to the more traditional
indication of engine size.
This economytranslates
into a thousand-kilometre
(62s-mile) journey on one
full tank of fuel and carbon-
dioxide emiss ion levels
below90g per kilometre
(S.10Z per mile). Anefficient
engine is complemented
with lightweight
construction materials,
especiallyaluminium, in
body, chass is and running
gear components. An
automated five-speed,
direct-shift gearbox and
automati c stop-start
system assist in
maximizing fuel economy.
The big quest ion is: why
can't all manufacturers
produce such fuel-efficient
compact cars?
/
VolkswagenAG,
3
26
Germany
.,
VolkswagenAG,
32
6
Germany
Various
- Significant reductionin
329
Juel use
Human-powered Vehicles
NECAR4
NECAR 4 (New Electric
Car) is based on a
Mercedes BenzA-class
compact car fitted with a
hydrogen-gas fuel cell
power unit that generates
electricityfor a 7Shp (SSkW)
motor and produces
water vapour as the only
emission. This zero-
emissions vehicle has
, range of 4sokm (280
miles) on a full tank of gas,
is capable of a top speed of
144kmjh (gomph) and can
take up to fivepasse ngers.
Improvements in fuel cell
efficiency by dbb Fuel Cell
Engines GmbH (a joint
subsidiaryof Daimler
Chrysler, Ballard Power
Systems and Ford Motor
Company) generate 30 per
cent more energythan the
same-sized system used in
the NECAR2 and yield an
increase of lS per cent
energydensity (amount of
energygenerated per unit
of weight) for the NECAR
4. This is another step
towards Daimler Chrysler's
target of marketing fuel cell
vehicles by 2004.
/
DaimlerChryslerAG
3
1
4
withdbbFuel Cell
EnginesGmbH,
Germany
.,
DaimlerChryslerAG,
3
1
4
Germany
Various
Zeroemissions
3
29
--
independence" 3000
iBOT'M
Conventiona l wheelchairs,
whos e des ign has largely
remained stati c for several
cent uries, offer on ly limited
mobility. IBOT en ables
disa bled people to navigate
rough , uneven surfaces,
to ' stand' up and to
climb /descen d st airs. This
is achieved by gyroscopic
articu lation s of the frame
and t hree sets of whee ls.
Human-powered Vel1icles
/
DEKAResearchand
37,
Development and
3
'5
Independence
Technology, USA
0
Prototype
Various
Improvedfunctionality
3
29
andmobilityf or
disabledaeonle
The Bamboo Bicycle
Bamboo is hand- worked ,
strengthened wit h wood
and interlocked with
carbon-fibre joints to form
the frame of the bicycle.
Block-dyed black chrome is
also used for parts of the
frame and the front forks .
Wheel rims are crafted
from beechwood, the
seat is leat her and
handlebar grips are of
cork. The proportion
of organic, renewable,
biodegradable materials
is sign ificant ly higher
t han in a convent ionally
manu factu red bicycle but
obta ining consistent ly
high-q uality bamb oo
supplies does pose
quality-assur ance issues.
Hybrid bike
/
Antoine Fritsch, France
3
06
0
Prototypef orHermes,
3
18
France
Various
Electricandhuman
3
2
9
power
Zeroemissionsif
rechargedfrom
renewablepower
sources
-
Human-powered Vehicles
Del it e
Astandard frame fitted
with a range of modular
components can suit eithe r
touring or racing bicycles
or a hybrid. Suspension is
provided by front fork
dampers and a damped
rear sub-frame assembly.
/
neseundmullerGmbH,
3
2
3
Germany
0
rieseundmullerGmbH,
3
23
Germany
Various
(}
Modulardesign
3
29
Nexus cycle
Reinventi on of the bicycle
as 't he mountain bike'
in the late 1980s in
Californi a led to a global
resurgence of int erest in
recreati onal cycling. Can
t he hi-tech aerodyna mic
bicycle do the sa me
for those seeking an
alternative urban
tra nsport so lutio n to
t he car? Building on the
technology developed
for spee d cycling in the
velod rome, the Nexus
comb ines striking looks
with low drag coefficie nts .
The cyclist has to ado pt a
new body post ure to make
the best use of th is vehicle.
;f
SeymourPowellLtd, UK
3'0
0
Prototype
Various
(}
Human-powered
3
29
personal transport
Electrical bike
This is a unique folding
bike with an integral batt ery
and moto r in the middle of
the frame adjace nt to t he
pedal crank and shaft drive.
Multiple seat and
handleb ar adjustme nts
permit the most
comfortable personal fit.
;f
Christophe Moinat,
3
08
Ecole cantonaled'artde
Lausanne, Switzerland
0
Prototype
Various
(}
Hybridhuman-and
329
electrically powered
vehicle
/
MarkSanders, Roland
3
10
Plastics, UK
0
RolandPlastics, UK
3
23
Glass-reinforced
34
1
polyamide, aluminium,
rubb" stainless steel
(}
Economy of materials
3
27
usage
Ease ofmaintenance
St rida 2
Unfolding the Strida z
takes ten seconds and
immediatelyreveals its
radical triangular frame, a
departure from the typical
arrangements in other
folding bicycles. It weighs
in at just i okg (zalb}, the
tubes being of aluminium
and the wheels and other
Windcheetah
Acruciform frame enables
the rider to adopt a low
centre of gravity, which,
when coupled with carbon-
fibre fairing, provides very
efficient aerodynamics.
Pinpoint accuracyof
components made from
glass-reinforced polyamide,
a strong, durable,
lightweight polymer.
Aconventional chain is
replaced by a belt drive
over low-friction polymer
cogs, makingfor an oil-free
and low-maintenance
bicycle. Tyre and belt
repairs are facilitated
bythe offset frame-wheel
arrangement. Apparently it
takes time to master the
ride as the frame is not as
tortionallystiff as other
folding bikes, but thereafter
the rider is guaranteed an
intrigued audience as s{he
sails bycar-bound
commuters.
steering is achieved by
means of a unique joystick
system that gives good
stabilityin cornering.
Lightweight materials and
precision engineering make
this the Rolls Royce of
recumbents . The efficiency
of the design has attracted
interest from courier and
local delivery companies
who wish to develop zero-
emissions transport
policies for urban areas.
/
AdvancedVehicle
3
12
Design, UK
0
AdvancedVehicle
3' 2
Design, UK
Metalalloys, rubber,
34
'
carbonfibre, Kevlar
(}
Human-powered
3
2
9
transport
/
Bramptan Bicycle Ltd,
3
13
UK
.,
Bramptan Bicycle Ltd,
3'3
UK
Photovoltaics,
34
1
lightweightmetalsand
composites
Renewableenergy
3
29
Zeroemissions
Weighing just 31.4kg
(69Ib), the Daedalus
88 aircraft set a new
en durance dist ance record
for a human-powered
aircraft of 199km (129
miles) over 3 hours 54
mi nutes , from Crete to the
island of Santorini, Greece.
The feas ibility of man -
powered flight is beyond
doub t but t ranslat ing the
technological advances
into everyday t ransport
provides a significant ly
greater challenge.
Gos same r Albatros s
Powered flight was made a
reality by the Wright
Brothers but it was Paul
McCrady of AeroVironment
who pioneered hum an-
powered flight with the
Gossamer Albat ross
aircraft that ma de the
crossing of the English
Channel in 1979. Made of
lightwe ight synt het ic
mate rials, this strange craft
collates expert ise in
materials technology with
advanced aerodynamics.
This was a welcome
invention but it has proved
difficult to design larger
human-f solar-powered
passenger-car rying aircr aft.
/
PaulMcCrady,
304,
AeroVironment USA 1' 08
0
Prototype,
304
AeroVironment, USA
Carbon:fibreand 28
4
graphiteresins, Keillor
Zeroemissions
3
29
tr
the
pICkup
............ --........... ...... _-
ThePickup
City-cent re traffic in many
countries crawls along at
speeds simi lar to or
slower than cyclists .
Mot orized vehicles are
subject to entry and
parking rest riction s. So it
is timelythat Robert
Dixon gave the familiar
trlshaw/r ickshaw, so
familiar in South- east
As ia, a thorough redesign
for use in t he developed
wor ld. The Pickup
is pac ked wit h feat ures to
ensure it is comfort abl e
for its human power
so urce and adaptable
as a load carr ier. A
composite fairing
protects the semi-
recumbent ride r on t he
articu lated four -whe eled
chass is. Seven-speed hub
gea ring coupled with a
lightweight differential
ensu res t hat the drive
tra in and steering are
opti ma l for urban
condition s. Speeds of up
to 22km/h (14mph) can
be maintained and there
is an electri c-as sist faci lity
for hills. The rear of the
carrier ca n be adapted as a
peopl e-carrying taxi or a
flat bed to ca rry a standa rd
Euro-palett e giving a
capacity of 1.8 cubic
metres (63.6cu ft). The re
is also a cove red-van
configura t ion. Versati le
and affordab le, The Pickup
is even bein g co ns idered
by the US Mail service and
TNT for co urier deliverie s.
/
Robert Dixon, Advanced
3
06
Vehicle Design, UK
e
AdvancedVehicle
3' 2
Design, UK
11
Various
Zeroemissions
3
2
9
Human-powered
Ciro Magic
This st rong, compact ,
folding scooter Is a
convenient portable vehicle
for short urban journeys or
for sport s and recreation.
Faster than walking, more
portable than the smallest
folding bicycle, the scooter
can offer an intermediate
solution to personal
mobility. Polyuretha ne
wheels cushion the rider
from the road or pavement ,
a robust brake is activated
by standing on the flexible
rear bar and steer ing is
achieved byshifting weight.
/
sTRAKasPORTs
3
2
4
Giromachines GmbH,
Germany
.,
sTRAKasPORTs
3
2
4
Giromachines GmbH,
Germany
polyurethane 295
~
Human.powered
3
2
9
t r ~ s p r t
/
Skoot International, UK
3
2
4
.,
Skoot International, UK
3
2
4
Various
~
Lightweight bicyclef or
3
27
commutersand
travellers
Xootr Cruz
Skateboard culture meets
the bicycle in this
resurrection of the old
push scooter. Li ghtweight
aluminium frame, cast
wheels and a low-slung
laminated birchwood deck
ens ure manoeu vrability
and stability. This vehicle is
veryportable, weighing just
4.Skg (iolb) and folding to
a package less than
800mm (31in) long.
-
Various
(}
Encouraginghybrid
329
human-jelectrie-
poweredtransport
Plumber's cart
Trades peo ple wit h a local
catchment area ma y find it
a considerable adva nt age
to be able to choose
between a car and an
alternative form of
t ran sport. Michel Zillig's
bicycle tra iler holds all the
necessary equipment and
too ls a plumber needs. It is
easily unh itched from its
towing vehicle and , aided
by the rotat ing tr iple whee l,
can be read ily pu lled up
kerbs and stairs. Here is
the t railer as mob ile
workshop.
SRAM 9.051
SRAMmanufact ures
brakes, gears and gear
shifts to high standards
of aesthet ics and
funct iona lity, us ing
between 30 and 50 per
cent-recycled content
for man y of the sub-
components, which can
be disassembled for
pure-grade recycling in
the future.
/
SRAMCorporation,
324
USA
(f
SRAMCorporation,
3
24
USA
Parirecycledcontent -
34
1
rubber, metal
composites
(}
Recycledcontent
327,
Designf ordisassembly
3
28
Q.
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award, 2000
/
Michel Zil/ig.graduate
3
11
student, Design
AcademyEindhoven,
Netherlands
(f
Prototype
Syntheticpolymersand 296-7
rubbers
(}
Encourages useof
3
29
human-powered
transport
Multifunctionalily
--
-
Airsaddle
Improving comfort for
cyclists in intimate contact
withtheir saddles has been
the object of des igners for
over 125 years. Here lateral
thinkinghas provided a
solution - an inflatable
rubber saddle that provides
air cushioning. The
'Airsaddle' incorporates a
conventional air valve and
can be infinitely adjusted,
employing the same pump
used to inflate the tyres, to
suit the needs of the
individuals and the terrain
being traversed.
/
Ian ThorpandSteve
3' 0,
Morris, Slough Rubber
324
Comoonv, UK
0
SloughRubber
3
24
Comoonv, UK
Rubber,steel 283,
29'
Reductioninmaterials
327,
usagecomparedto
3
29
conventionalsaddles
Improvedergonomics
LeggeroTwist
Safety features of this
bicycle trailer for children
include a lowcentre of
gravity, seat belts, a
protective plastic shell and
a warning flag. All-weather
protection allowsflexibility
of use and ensures that the
children have a good view
and can feel the breeze.
/
ChristopheApotheloz,
3
04
Switzerland
0
Brugg/iProduktionI{
3
'3
Dienstleistung,
Switzerland
Various
Encourageshuman-
3
2
9
powered tronsportfor
thefamily
/
Maritde Haas, graduate
35
student 2000, Design
AcademyEindhaven,
Netherlands
)
Pratotype
Animalfriendly
329,
product
33
0
Improvedusercomf ort
Wissel hors e saddle
This flexible, lightweight
plastic saddle, with a new
girth strap fitted with an
easy-to-use ratchet-strap,
sits gently on the horse
and provides comfort for
the rider. The mounting
stirrup has a clip-free
adjustment and the
covers over the plastic
saddle are changeable, so
improving hygiene and
offeringopportuniti es for
customization using covers
of different colours.
and by manufacturing
fleeces derived from
recycled plastic bottles.
Post-consumer recycled
(peR) Synchilla'" fleece was
developed with Wellman,
Inc., in 1993. Eachgarment
saves twenty-five two-litre
PET bottles from landfills.
/
Patagonia, USA
3
22
)
Patagonia, USA
3
22
Fleece, 300-1
Supplex0nylon
Recycledmaterials
327,
Reducedemissions
3
29
(comparedwith virgin
PETjibre)
Synchilla" Snap T@
In 1991 the outdoor
clothing manufacturer
Patagonia declared in their
catalogue that ' Everything
we make pollutes' . This
was the beginning of the
company's process of
reducing its environmenta l
impacts by switching to
organicallygrown cotton
-
Pod floating lounger
This clever product
embodies several guiding
principles of good green
design. It is made entirely
of recycled soda bottles,
Partek recycled plastic
lumber and other material
and components, is
easilyassembled and
disassembled allowing
easy repair (and further
recycling at end of life) and
it is economical in its use
of materials. John Amato
sees this product as part
of a continuous cyclic
process. All such objects
are ephemera l in the long
view.
SportingSupplies
/
JohnAmato, Meta 304,
MOrf, lnc., USA
3
20
.,
Meta Morf,inc., USA
32
0
Polycarbonate, elastic,
34
1
LEDs, Xenonbulb
Q
Lowenergy
3
29
consumption
4
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
SportingSupplies
Veloland
Veloland is an informat ion
provider and service
company res po nsi ble for a
netwo rk of over 6,3ookm
(4,000 miles) of national
and regional cycling tr ails
in Switzerl and. Maps,
guides and 4 website
provide wide access to
information nat ion ally and
beyond . Trails have been
linked with publ ic-tran sport
networ ks and bicycle rental
at SBBrailway statio ns and
the who le system is
covered wit h co ns iste nt,
stan da rdized signage .
/
Veloland Schweiz,
3
11
Switzerland
(f
Various
Various
(}
Encouraging
329
integrationof
recreational cycling
with public transport
Kayak
Old kayaks don't die, they
just get recycled and face
the white water again.
Ocean Kayak encourage
cus to mers to cut defunct
kayaks and sen d them as
collect freight to thei r
factory, where the
polyethlene is ground up
for recon stituting in a new
mould.
/
Tim Niemeir,USA
3
0
9
(f
Ocean Kayak, USA
3
21
Recycledpolyethylene
34
1
,}
Continuous recyclingof 327,
materials
329
Product tokeback
Skystremerzq model
This inflat able kite,
weighing 43 grammes
(lib 80z) and not much
bigger than a credit card ,
fits easily into your pocket
ready to assist you in an
emergency. Once inflated,
the kite soars high, thanks
to a unique aer ofoil system ,
making a rescu e beacon
eas ilydetect ed by sight or
by rad ar. The Skystreme
provides protecti on against
hypot hermia and can be
inflated to use as a splint
for a broken limb.
/
Skystreme UKLtd, UK
324
(f
Skystreme UKLtd, UK
3
24
Polystyrene
34
'
Recycledmaterials
327,
Reductionintoxic
3
29
consumabfes
down the stack through the
mesh in the bottom of each
tray, digesting waste and
t urning it into compost.
Nature' sChoice
trellis range
Aversatile tre llis system,
offering gardeners many
different permutat ions of
plant su pport, uses a
mater ial mad e of So per
cen t-recycled and 20 per
cent-virgin polystyrene,
which is available in four
permanent UY-stable
Can-a-Worms
Acompact self-as sembly
serie s of nested circular
trays, made from 100 per
cent post-consumer
recycled plastic, is supplied
with a coir fibre block. This
block is mo istened and
broken up, then placed in
the bottom t ray to provide
'bedding' for a colon y of
nat ive composting worm s.
As a tray is filled with
househol d or garden
was te, anot her is added to
build up t he st ack. The
worms migra te up and
/
Rein, Australia
3
23
0
Rein, Australia, with
3
23,
Wiggl yWigglers, UK
3
26
Recycledlyres 28
3
Waterconservation 327,
Recycledmaterials
33
0
an area of up to 1,ZOO
square metres (l,44osq
yds). By 1998the Auto
Mower offered another
robotics-driven option able
to recharge itself from a
mains electricitysupply.
HusqvarnafThe
3
'
5
Electrolux Group,
Sweden
0
HusqvarnafThe
3
'
5
Electrolux Group,
Sweden
Stainlesssteel,
34
'
polycarbonate, ABS .
,}
Reductioninmaterials
3
2
7
andconsumables
usage
Digit al Mavica FD73H
Digital cameras
dematerialize the process
of photography by
replacing silver halide film
with a light-sensitive digital
recorder. From the mid-
1990Sonwards a steady
trickle of digital cameras
eme rged for the consumer
market from the world's
leading photographic-
equipment manufacturers.
By1998 there were
over fifty models with
a mesmerizing range
of different PCcards
(CompactFlash, Smart-
Media and PCMCIA) ,
providing transfer media
in which to store images
prior to downloading to the
computer. Sony, st reetwise
as ever, avoided the batt le
raging between the
different storage formats
and launched the Digital
Mavica FD7, which stored
images on the ubiquitous
3.S-inch floppydisk. No
need for special PCcard
readers or camera-to-
computer cabling, simply
pop in the floppy and
instantlyviewyour
images. Sony's design is
innovative and is inherently
less demanding of
the environment since
consumers don't need
to buy newcomputer
peripherals.
/
Shin Miyashita, Sony
309,
Corporation,japan
3
24
e
SonyCorporation,
324
j apan
Plastics, metals,
34
1
electronics, CCOchip,
Jloppydisk
Encourages
3
27
dematerialization(oj
photographicfilm)
Universal storage
medium
Consumer Electronics
FreeplayS360
The or iginal BayGen
Freeplay wind-up radio was
designed for use by remo te
com munit ies in Africa.
Dem and from ret ailers in
deve loped count ries soon
led to the development of
new models for the
cons umer market. First
ca me a t riple-power opt ion
- wind-up, so lar, mains -
but it ret ained t he bulk and
weight of the original
design. Next ca me thi s
lightweight, co mpact
vers ion wit h a so lar panel,
wind-up ge ne rato r and
energy-sto rage unit
providi ng up to fifteen
hours of rad io listening.
/
Freep/ayEnergy Europe, 31]
UK
.,
Freep/ay Energy Europe, 31]
UK
Various
Renewable solaror
3
29
humanenergy
Most components
recyclable
experience an d the rapy.
The radio has been
endorsed internationally by
aid agencies and United
Natio ns prog rammes.
More recent models
developed by Freepl ay
Ener gy Europe for th e
inte rnatio nal mark et
include conte mporary
t ran sp arent plasti c casings,
a so lar pa nel for power
ge nera t ion and a ma ins
electr icity ada ptor.
If the mains electr icity.
is pur chased from a
renewabl e so urce t hese
new mode ls retai n th eir
or iginal environmen tal
se ns ibilities. However, if
everyo ne si mp ly plugs the
radi os int o a mains socket
us ing elect ricity from a
coa l-burn ing powe r stat ion,
then Freep lay ma y have
dr ifted off-ta rget. Are we
rea llytoo lazy to crank a
han dle to hear ou r
favourite radio sta t ion?
/
Freep/ay EnergyEurope,
31]
UK
e
Freep/ay Energy Europe,
3']
UK
Van"ous
Human ondforsolar-
3
2
9
powered
necessary for ga ining
access to a wide ran ge of
frequencies for maximu m
local penetr at ion of
program mes , be t hey news ,
cu ltura l items, nat ural
disas ter and health
wa rnings, or distance
learni ng and literacy
init iat ives. An ABS cas ing
was se lecte d because it
was durable , water -
resis ta nt, att ract ive and
easy to manufacture.
The radi o was or iginally
ma nufactu red in Sout h
Africa, whe re the
factory emp loyed a high
proport ion of'special
nee ds' adu lts, giving
them much-nee de d work
FreeplayFPRzand
GlobalShortwave
radios
Inventor Trevor Bayliss was
str uck by the difficulties
of t rying to infor m and
educate the societ ies of
developing countr ies us ing
th e media of television
and rad io. The absence of
mains electricity and high
cost of batt eries mean th at
million s do not have
access to medi a that th e
deve loping world t akes for
grante d. His sol ut ion was
to design a radio th at could
work by human power. Just
sixty ma nual turn s of th e
origi nal BayGen on -boa rd
ge ne rato r provided t hirty
minutes of playing time.
Provisio n of AM, FM and
SW band widt h was
Consumer Electronics
Radio
The designer of this
radio rejected the
current obsession with
miniaturizing everything
and could therefore explore
the use of non-plastic
materials, in this case
wood from old machine
boxes. MDFwas used for
inner panels and dyed
fabrics from old flour bags
for the front and back
panels. Consumer s can
choose the colour of the
fabricdye and there' s a
special button for the user
to select his/her favourite
radio station. Use of
natural materials and hand-
finished production
potentially create an object
that will resist the tide of
fashion. It can be made
in smallworkshops,
therebycreating new
rural employment and so
avoidingcentralization of
production in urban areas.
This design harks back
to the early aspirations
of the leading Arts and
Crafts designers in late
nineteenth-centu ryBritain
but updates the process
wit h a modern aesthetic
and a rechargeable battery.
The wooden case will
develop a pat ina with old
age and it is interesting to
speculate whether this will
endear it to its owner.
Plastic tends not to age
with grace.
/
SinghS Kationo,
3
08
Indonesia
e
Smallbatchproduction
Reusedwood, MDF,
34
1
fabric, rechargeable
battery
Renewableandreused 327,
materials
3
29
Rechargeableenergy
source
Antifashianandanti-
obsolescence
AElOOO Free-power
Radio
Philips have taken the
concept of the original
BayGenwind-up radios
and shrunk them to
create a pocket-sized
version. Thanks to the
built-in high-effi ciency
power generator, one
minute' s winding of t he
handle provides enough
electricityfor thirty
minutes' listening time to
AM/FM programmes. A
LEDdisplay lights up
when the charge rate
reaches opt imal speed.
No more batteries, no
more searching for the
mains adapt or, because
this handy radio needs
only muscle power.
Tykho
Tough thermoplastics
predominate in casings for
electronic goods but Marc
Berthier demonstrates that
buckingconvention
produces a newsexy look
for his VHF radio. Rubber
also confers benefits over
plastics by offeringsome
shock resistance and
weatherproofing.
/
MikeJerome, Philips
3
0
7
Electronics, Netherlands
.,
Philips Electronics,
3
22
Netherlands
Various
Renewableenergy
3
2
9
/
Marc Benhier, France
3
0
4
e
LexanDeisgnConcepts,
3
19
France
Rubber, electric 28
3
components
Renewableand/ or
3
27
syntheticmaterial
Grundig l S"ColourTV
This TVoperates on 12V
or 24V DC supply and
on 90V-26oVACsupply
at SO/60Hz, making
it sui ta ble for us e in
recreationa l vehicles and
boat s or for low-volta ge
domestic renewabl e-energy
systems. An inte rnal
satellite receiver and tun ing
system guarantee good
reception.
/
Grundig. Germany
3
'
]
.,
Grundig, Germany
3']
Various
(}
Low-voltagetelevision
3
2
9
set
FLS range
This model range, dat ing
from '997, is an exampl e
oflong-term t hinking,
which ass umes that
man ufacturers will in
future normally take back
elect ronic products afte r
the en d of t heir se rviceab le
lives. The outer casin g
is made from a single
mat erial, which facilit ate s
recycling of the mater ial
when the produ ct reach es
the end of its life. Wate r
based paints reduce
environmental load.
/
Philips Corporate
3
09
Design, Netherlands
.,
Philips Electronics,
32
2
Netherlands
Various
Reductioninmaterials
3
27
usage
Upgradability
Universal design
ConsumerElectronics
Savvy
This feat ure-packed mobi le
phone provides a ' joystick'
cent ral control to access
men u options, which
includ e a ca lculato r, clock
wit h sto pwatch and games .
Custome rs ca n choose
from a range of coloured
plast ic components to
customize the look of their
phone. This same feat ure
ensures parts are easily
disassembled to update as
fashion dict ates or repair
or recycle. With low power
consum pt ion and a 30 per
cent reduction in the
number of components,
Philips are st riving to give
toda y's modern icon of
communication a green
conscience.
/
Phi/ips Design,
3
09
Netherlands
0
Philips Electronics,
3
22
Netherlands
metal, electronics
295
Reductioninenergy
3
29
consumptionand
consumables
4
iFDesign Award, 20 00
33
2
-
ROCKETeBOOK
In a su preme irony,
Amazon.com, on e of the
most successful American
Int ernet compan ies , sells
old-fash ion ed , pa per -based
books through the electr onic
me dium of t he Int ernet.
However, it may not be long
before Amazon are poised to
delivered electr on ic books
via the Internet for
cons umers to read on a
device such as the ROCKET
eBOOK, saving vast forest s
in the process. Alt hough
many prot otype electron ic
books were st illborn in the
1990S, the cu rrent
gen er at ion of e-books
appea rs to be making the
grade. Maybe the book will
also revive the co nce pt of the
' DailyMe' newsp aper.
Consumer Electronics
/
RolfGrone and Dallas 30 ] ,
Grove, Palo AlIa
3
09
Products intemationoi,
USA
.,
NuvaMedia, USA
3
21
Various
(}
Open-access design or
3
27
design with
philanthropy'
res ponse. The outcome is
Morphy One, a palmtop PC
capa ble of run ning MS-
DOS and Linux operating
systems. Other ha rdware
deve lopers have access
to the design data and
sou rce code. Morphy One
provides a t iny lifeline to
those wish ing to main tain
a philanthropic influence
on the deve lopment of
the Informat ion Age and
ensure t hat the globa l IT
multinationals do n't dictate
the whole process.
system, to complement the
open-so urce software, was
not avai lable. Morphy One
grew out of a ded icated
Nifty Hewlett Packard user
forum where users of t he
Hp 200LX palmtop chatted
on line. Whe n prod uction of
th e HP 200LX ceased in
October 1999 t he gro up
asked t he quest ion 'what
next?' . One group member,
a Mr Toyozo (his electronic
pse udo nym), began
developing new hardware
circuitry, pu blished his
res ults to the user group
and received a fantast ic
Morphy One project
Open-source software, in
which developers have
complete access to the
source code in order
to innovat e with new
ap plications, receive d a
major boost rece ntly when
Linus Torvals launched t he
Linux operati ng system.
Unlike the pro prietary
systems of Microsoft,
Apple and ot her lead ing
ITcompanies, Linux is
avai lable free for all to use .
Yet until the adven t of the
Morphy One project, an
ope n-source ha rdwa re
-
Bob
This cold-construction
concrete vase challenges
the dominance of ceramics
and searches for new
expressions of that most
modern of materials,
conc rete. On ly a deta iled
lifecycle ana lysis will reveal
whether cera mics, wit h their
high-energy requirement to
fire the clay, are more or
less benign than concrete,
which also requi res energy
and results in em iss ions
to the air during t he
ma nufactu re of the cement.
/
Goods, Netherlands
3
17
0
Goods, Netherlands
3
1
7
Concrete
295
(}
Useof naturally 327,
abundantgeosphere
34
0
material s
Ecolo
A booklet conceived and
written by Enzo Mari and
published by the renowned
Italian manufact urer Alessi
inspires the reader to
t ransform the effluent of
consu mer culture into
de licate , beautiful objects.
Ashampoo bottle is
transformed, like a butt erfly
emerging from its pupa,
from use less spent object to
graceful flower vase. Design
is taken out of the hand s of
the s pecialists and ret urned
to the masse s.
/
Enzo Mari, Italy
3
08
0
Alessi, Italy
3
12
Postconsumer
34
1
containers
(}
Reuse of wasteobjects
32
8
Democratizationof
design
/
PamelaHatton, UK
3
0
7
e
One-oift
Concrete, reusedkitchen
295.
utensils
34'
Reuse of existing
34
0
products
Materialswithlow
embodiedenergy
Fruit holders
Take a se lection of
red und ant cut lery, insert
into a special mixt ure of
concrete, allow to set ,
then kiln-fire to produce
unique devices for holding
fruit. These whims ical
des igns allow the fruit
to take cen t re stage.
Probab ly more suited to
man ufactu ring in small
batches, the design
princip le can be easily
ada pte d to provide a var iety
offunct iona lobjects.
/
CamilleJacobs,
3
0
7
Australia
.,
Limitedbatch
production
a.
Float glass, bamboo 281,
295
Economyof materials
3
27
usage
Recyclablematerials
Wagga-Wagga
This piece balances
harmony and tension
us ing read ily available
mat er ials. The principle
can be extended to a wide
range of materials using
cold const ruct ion and /or
heat deformation.
Malvinas
/
Alfredo Haberliand
3
07
Christophe Marchand.
Italy
e
Danesesri, Italy
3'5
Steel
295
Recyclable mono
3
27
material
Steel is one of the most
efficient ly recycled met als in
t he world but is rarely found
in a decorat ive context
outsi de hand-for ged iron
furnitu re and similar
accessories. Here th is
humble ma ter ial is elevated
to an elegan t centrepiece,
s uitable for a t able,
sideboard or window sill.
sponges are ' bio-
manufactured' in neat
rows, bamboos grow to
EU regul ation size in
specially built mou lds and
bio-plast ics s ponta neo us ly
grow to predetermi ned
forms?
/
Marcel Wanders, Droog 306,
Design, Netherlands
3
11
0
Wanders Wonders,
3
26
Netherlands
Naturalsponge,
295
porcelain
~
Renewablematerial
3
28
Sponge vase
Marce l Wanders
commandeers nature's
own manufacturing, adds
his own porcelain t ube
and sets vase design on
a new course . Designers
shou ld act ively seek
opportunities for
' harves t ing' nature' s
products, which, wit h
minimal energy input or
modification, ca n be reo
manufactured into new
objects. Can we look
forward to specialist
' pro duct farms ' where
l ~
9
:::r
~
o
o
3
(1)
~
n'
"U
<3
o,
c
!=1.
III
/
Feldmanna(
3
16
Schultchen, Germany
0
PrototypeforWerth
3
26
Forstlechnik, Germany
Polyurethane, 283,
elastomers
295
Improveduser-
3
29
f riendliness
Durable
Recyclable
/
Anneliesde l.eede,
3
05
Netherlands
e
Oak Product Design,
3
09
Netherlands
Recycledglass
295
Recycled materiols
32]
4
lORAaward, '998
33
2
Ceramic bowls
Ceramic waste from post-
consumer and indust rial
sources is ground and
mixed with fresh clayto
produce these ' nat urally'
colou red bowls. Coloration
depends upon the was te
stream.
-
Attila
Con su mers' voracious
appetite for co nven ience
drinks will ensure that the
humble steel or aluminium
drinks can will be a feature
of the twenty-first-century
landscape. While recycling
of t hes e cans improved
significantly during the
1980s, any device that
actively encourages people
to recycle more is a good
thing . Attila is a dur able
crusher that is a pleasu re
to use : simply place your
can in t he bottom of the
trans lucent column and
enjoy t hat satisfy ing
crump ling no ise as the
' anvil' crushes the can
with the downward push
of the arms.
/
Julian Brown, Studio
3
05
Brown, UK
.,
RexiteSpA, Italy
3
23
Injection-mouldedABS, 297,
polycarbonate,
34
0
Santoprene
Encourageswaste
3
28
recycling
Cricket
Consumption of bott led
water and soft drinks
contained in PET plast ic
bott les has risen
dramat ically in the last
decade, so any device that
facilitates recycling is to be
welcome d. This witty bott le
crus her makes recycling
fun and improves storage
ca pacity of containers for
collecting waste bottles.
/
JulianBrown,
3
05
Studio Brown, UK
.,
Rexite SpA, Italy
3
23
UsedHOPEbottles
34
1
Recycledmaterial s
327.
Encouragesrecycling
32
8
LINPACenvi ronmental
kerbsidecollection box
Since the introduction of
t he LI NPAC Environmental
kerbs ide co llection box in
1996 to the city of Sheffield.
UK. over twenty million
plastic bottles have been
diverted from landfill sites
to recycling plants wher e
t he plast ic is reused to
create yet more boxes.
This robust box. with high.
impact and -deformat ion
cha ract eristic s, encourages
greate r recycling by local
aut horit ies and private
contract ors.
Zago
Recycling domestic waste
has an image probl em , so
anything that can elevate
thi s act ivity into fun is
welcome. Three Zago'"
t riangul ar rubbi sh bins
made from flat-pack,
recycled cardbo ard neatly
sit toget her to form a
functional sep arator for
different was te st reams.
The photographi c exteriors
clea rly indicate each
part icular waste st ream
and reinforce the message
t hat wast e is a valuabl e
resource.
Benza, Inc. USA
3'3
0
Benza. inc., USA
3'3
Recycledcardboard
34'
Recycled materials
327.
Encouragesrecycling
3
28
-
--
Bottle stopper and
opener
Oxo have a reputation for
excellent attention to detail
and ergonomics for their
hand tools. This easy-to-
use device combines two
functions and thus
improves on conventional
products.
Cutlery
One design fits all in this
elegant example of a fork
made from bamboo, beech
or steel. Manufacturing to
this design with locally
available rather than
imported materials reduces
transport energy.
"
Patrick Laing, UK
3
08
e
Prototypes
Universal design
3
27
suitableforlocally
availablematerials
-
"
HumanFactorsinco-
307,
development withOxo
3
21
International, USA
.,
OxoInternational, USA
3
21
Hardenedrubber 28
3
DualJunctiondevice
329
Fold
Minimal waste is generated
from the cutt ing and
stamping of this basic
range of cutlery, which is
also witty and lightweight.
/
WilliamWarren, UK
3"
.,
Smallbatchproduction,
3
26
ww.modcons, UK
Economyof materials
327,
usage
3
28
Reductionin
production waste
Cutlerytool
This could be the prototype
for a ' universal' cutlery
des ign as it cleverly
combines the functions of
knife, fork, spoon and
teaspoon all in one piece.
/
NinaTolstrup,
3
10
Denmark
e
Prototype
Plastic 283,
295
Multifunctional 327,
Economyof materials
329
usage
"
Erik:lan Kwakkel,
3
08
Netherlands
e
REEEL, Netherlands
3
23
Porcelain
295
~
Dualf unctiondesign 327,
Economy of materials
3
2
9
usage
Double-cup
Esp resso or capp uccino?
The choice is yours in
t his neat t ableware, in
which t he two part s are
joi ned at the hip,
o
~ I i
(j)'
~
VI
0'
~
r
~
:::l
(JQ
Disposab le cutlery
and bowl
Popl ars are so me of t he
fast est growing tr ees in
Europe whose biom ass can
be harnessed to provide
compos ta ble, disposa ble
cut lery.
MarcelWanders, Droog
Design, Netherlands
Prototypefor
Oranienbaumproject
Poplarwood
Renewableand
compostablematerial
306,
3
11
339
3
2
7
Dr inking glass
Clever cutti ng of two PET
bottle s ena bles two
sections to be rejoi ned; an
origina l screw top is used
as the clamp to form a new
glass , It remains unclear
whet her the offcuts are
recycled or can be used to
generate ot her products
such as na pkin rings ,
/
Aki Kotkas, Finland
3
08
e
Limitedbatch
production
~
PETbottles
34'
~
Reused materials
32
8
-
/
Tord Boontje.
35
Netherlonds
.,
Smollbouh production
Post-consumerg!ass 328,
bottles
34
1
Recycledmoteriols
32] ,
Lowenergy
3
28
manufacturing
Drink ing vessel
Boontje lovingly cuts,
smoot hs and blasts old
wine bottles, giving them a
minimali st makeover and a
new lease oflife. As pitcher
and dr inking glass they
serve to remind us of the
beauty of the material and
the unjustifiable waste of
one-trip packaging. as
embodied in the ori ginal
product.
This flat-pack, trian gular.
fluted polypropylene wine
rack generates no was te in
its production as the
cuto uts are supplied as
coa ste rs in the mail order
pac kage.
Wine rack
/
Stuart Bristaw, UK
35
.,
Designedto a 'I' Ltd, UK 306
Polypropylene 283,
295
Zero productionwaste 32] ,
Recyclable
3
28
Basket 2 Hands
With their range of
colourful, robust. yet
elegant household
objects, Aut hent ics have
succeeded in elevating the
stat us of plastic in t he
home. Grcic's min imalist
approach. und erstanding
of the raw mat erial and
tongue-in-cheek reference
to t raditiona l basket
design encourage respect
from the user.
/
KonstantinGrdc,
3
07
Germany
.,
Authenticsartipresent,
3
13
Germany
Recyclable 28
3
polypropylene
295
Recyclablematerial
3
27
Barnacle
In t he '990S Droog Des ign
encouraged a reth ink for
the humbl e 2-D t ile. Moerel
expan ds the theme wit h
these orga nic-shaped,
earthenware ceramic tiles.
which offer visual relief for
all those bor ing bath room
walls and provide a useful
place to hang towels and
clothes.
/
Marre Moerel,
3
08
Netherlands/USA
.,
Smallbatchproduction
Clay
295
Useof abundant
329.
materialsfrom the
34
0
geasphere
Durable
MultifUnctional
/
Thomas Liebe, Ad Rem
3
0
4
Design, Switzerland
0
Vetropack, Switzerland
3
26
Glass, metal
295
Reductionof energy
327,
consumptionduring
3
28
manufacturingand
distribution
Coffeecream bottle
Attention to detail provides
environmental benefits
for this family of bott les
designed for the central
dairyin Aargau. Asharp
internal radius and
inwardly curved rim at
the bottle' s mout h ensure
that milkdoesn 't migrate
around the screwthread.
This facilitates ster ilization
on reuse of the bott les,
which in turn saves energy.
Savings are also made on
transport energy, since the
new bottle shape can be
packed more densely.
------ --- - - - - - - - --------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - --1 '-.1
Q
:r
o
o
:3
rtl
('i'
"U
(3
c,
c
!=l-
Vl
El ster
Inexpensive renewable
materials are combined to
create a funnel-shaped
oblong waste paper basket
made by hand. Brown
packaging paper is
stretched taut and glued
l"""!two,, ["m,.
This simple technologyhas
been applied byWettstein
to other furniture
items such as armchairs,
footstools and chaises
longues.
/
RobertAWettstein,
3
11
Switzerland
0
One-off/ smallbatch
3
11
production, RobertA
Wettstein
Polyurethane
34'
Anaidto reduce
3
28
populationgrowthand
improve humanhealth
Earthsleeper'
Made entirelyof Sundeala
board from recycled
newsprint with wood
corner joints, and
wood nuts and bolts,
these coffins are highly
biodegradable and make
less environmenta l
impact than conventional
wooden coffins. Coffins
are available ready-
assemb led or as flat-pack,
self-assemblyunits.
/
Vaccari l td, UK
3
25
0
Vaccari ltd, UK
3
25
Sundealaboard 292
Recycledmaterials 327,
Compostable
3
28
eco-ball' "
Those sensitive to today's
chemically based
washing powders have
an alternative method
available in the form of the
eco-ball' ". This is a plastic
ball, which cont ains ionic
powder that releases
ionized oxygeninto the
water and so facilitates
penetration of water
molecules into fabrics to
release the dirt. Alittle
washing soda helps deal
with verydirtywashing
but it is claimed that a set
of three balls will help
clean the equivalent of 750
washes before losing
their activity.
/
eco-bal!
3
15
.,
eco-bol!
3
15
Plastic, ionicpowder 28
3.
295
Reductionof usageof
3
28
woshingpowders
Ecover"
The name of Ecover, like
The BodyShop, needs little
introduct ion to those who
became green consumers
in the 1980s. Established in
' 979, Ecover has always
espoused a business
policythat recognizes that
economics must be in
harmonywith ecology. This
policy extends to product
development , the green
architecture of its main
factoryin Belgium and the
international distribution
network through twelve
thousand small health food
shops, still accounting for
45 per cent of turnover, as
well as the supermarket
giants. Company policy
dictates that product s must
originate from a natural
source with a low level of
toxicity to minimize their
burden on the environment
and they must be equally
efficient as convent ional,
more polluting products.
Ecover products are
not permitted to
include petrochemical
detergents/ perfumes/
solvents/ acids, polycar-
boxylates, phosphonates,
animal soaps, perborates,
sulphates, colourings,
phosphates , EDTA/NTA,
optical brighteners and
chlorine-based bleaches.
Animal testing is also
banned. Ecover also have
an integrated packaging
policy and encourage
consumers to reflll r-litre
(1
3
, . -gal) cont ainers of
washing-up liquid at shops
stocking zy-litre (44-gal)
bulkcontainers, which are
themselves refilled at the
factory. These polyethylene
bottles (with polypropylene
tops) have extra-wide
necks, a level indicator,
plastic labels (also
recyclable) and a life
expectancyof twenty refills
before recycling, saving on
waste and landfill space.
Ecover' s product range
includes washing powder,
bleach, water softener,
liquid wool wash and fabric
conditioner.
/
EcoverProducts,
3
1
5
Belgium
e
Ecover Products,
3'5
Belgium
Various cleaningagents,
34'
plasticcontainers
Reductionof water
3
28
bornetoxins and
pollutants
Reuseandrecyclingof
containers
Retailingsystem
gearedtosmalland
largeoutlets
given the generic labe l of
'waste'. Similar materia ls
and weaving techniques
were applied to a picn ic
box who se tabl eware was
all fash ioned from reused
or recycled materials.
/
Lois Walpole, UK
3
11
.,
One.off
Postconsumerjuice
34
1
cartons
(}
Reusedandrecycled
327,
materials
3
28
Juice carton s
In 1996 at an exhibition
ent it led ' Recycling: Forms
for the Next Centu ry-
Auster ity for Posterity',
sta ged by the Crafts
Coun cil in the UK,
craftspeople showed the ir
skill in reusing post-
consumer waste to breathe
life into new product s.
The cons ummate skill with
which t hese carto ns are
woven and stitched
together and the final
design revea l the satisfying
outcomes t hat can be
achieved with materials
Fingerma x
These finger brushe s offer
creative opportunities to
those who find holdi ng a
convent ional paint brush
difficul t. Universal fitting
is ach ieved by mould ing
a t hermoplast ic resin
polymer in a sp iral shape
wit h an ellipt ical cross-
sect ion.
/
BurofUrForm,
3
05
Germany
.,
FingermaxGbr,
3
16
Germany
Polymer 296-7
(}
Universaldesign
327,
Designf orneed
3
28
Q.
iFDesign Award, 2000
33
2
o
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3
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Kango
Here' s a means of cutt ing
down on the number of
car journeys to local
supermarkets. This mono-
wheel trolley is capable of
carrying a week's worth
of groceries, is easily
manoeuvred and, after use,
is folded up into a handy
package. Ideal for regular
or casual use, for leisure or
travel purposes, the Kango
leaves all those ugly, two-
wheel, tartan leatherette
trolleysin the dark.
Feldmann+ Schultchen,
3
16
Germany
0
Patentedpratotype-
3
16
Feldmann+ Schultchen,
Germany
Cordurafabric, rubber, 28
3
plastic
Encouragesenergy-
3
2
9
efficient shopping
Magazine rack
Pared down to the bare
minimum, t he alum inium
one-piece legs interlocking
with the bent and cut ply,
this magazine rack is a
rationa l design with
minim um usage of
materials.
/
MarkRogers, UK
3
10
0
Smallbatchproduction, 3
13
BUT, UK
Birchply,aluminium 295,
339
Economyof materials
3
28
usage
/
HansSchreuder,
3
10
Netherlands
0
Muscle Power, MOY, 320
Netherlands
Plastics 283,
295
Encouragesimproved
3
2
9
health
Human-powered
for effect ive action of
fluorides. Fully wind up
t he me chanism and
exact lytwo minute s of
powe r are delivered.
Adaily drudge becomes
less taxing, especially for
chi ldren, in whom habit-
for ming hygiene needs to
be induced.
Muscle Power products
raise con su mer aware ness
at t he point of purchase by
posing the question,
' Do I really need to buy a
batt ery-powered toot h
brush? ' The co ns ume r is
confr onted wit h a choice
of energy sou rces for the
simple prevent ative health-
car e task of brushing
his/her teeth. The solution
is provided by de signing a
wind-up toothbrush , which
can be used in st atic
mode, like a convent ional
toothbrush, or can deliver
a rigorous ma ssage.
Schreuder found t hat th irty
seco nds is the average t ime
peo ple spend clea ning thei r
tee t h, but t hat up to two
minutes is rea lly requi red
Muscle Power
toothbrush
/
FrogDes;gn, Germany
3
06
.,
JunghansUhrenGmbH,
3
18
Germany
Photovoftaics, electronic
34
1
components, battery
(}
Reducedenergy
3
2
9
consumption
/
FrogDesign, Germany
3
06
.,
JunghansUhrenGmbH,
3
18
Germany
Photovoltaics, electronic
34
1
components, battery
(}
Reducedenergy
3
29
consumption
Mega Solar
This solar clock is the
mo dern equ ivalent of the
sundial, t hat anc ient device
for telling the time using
the shadows cast by the
sun. Tod ay the energy from
the sun is harnessed by
fitt ing a photovoltaic panel
coupled to a battery. Even
in no rtherl y latitudes with
cloud y days , sufficient
ene rgy is stored to power
the low-voltage digita l
display tha t gives an
acc urat e read-out of time
and date .
Mega i
There are two ma in
meth ods of providing
energy to operate a
wristwatch without t he
need to wind it up
me chan icallydaily or to
use cons uma ble batteries.
The first is kinet ic energy
in which movement of the
wear er gen erates a small
electr ic current to power
the watch . The second,
illust rat ed here, is to
ca pt ure the power of
the sun with a sma ll
photovolt aic panel linked
to a storage batt ery. Solar
wat che s are not new but
th is min imalist yet robust
desi gn sets a new
benchmark.
/
Giovanni Pelloneand
3
0
9
Bridget Means, Benza,
USA
., Benza, Inc., USA
3
'
3
-
Woolfleece. pins. clock
34
'
mechanism
(}
Renewablematerial
32
8
Pin Up clock
Reviewing default uses of
materi als for specific
produ cts encourages
experimentation. Rigid
materials are the norm for
clock face appli cations but
Benza has been ins pired to
use wool fleece pinned to
the wall.
bz
Phoeni xThermos
off-cuts of was te
cloth so urced from a
manufactu rer of yacht sails
are fabri cated into a dr aw-
top , double-l ayer bag filled
wit h ins ulat ion waddi ng,
to provide a thermal
blan ket to keep drinks
cool or hot. Breaking wit h
the con vention of a rigid
the rmo s flask, the Phoeni x
Ther mo s is ea sily kept in a
pocket or handbag, read y
to be used at any time. In
one sens e thi s design has a
down side, since it appears
to endorse the culture
of drinking read y bott led
wate r and soft drinks
conta ined in the ubiquitous
PET bottles. However , it
will work jus t as well for a
drin k made at home.
/
SMAC,Sergio
3
08
Macchioni, Italy
.,
Smallbotchproduction,
3
08
SMAC, Sergio
Macchioni, Ital
11
Sailcloth, rope, metal 290-' ,
xoo-t
(}
Recycled materials
3
27
pi
Rollerbag
This unique, one-wheeled
trolleydoubles as a
shopping bag or suitcase,
taking the strain and
coping with smooth or
rough surfaces.
/
Feldmann+Schultchen
3
16
Design, Germany
.,
Traveller, Germany
325
Various
(}
Dualjunctianobject
3
29
Miscellaneous
Pet POd
This quirkydesign makes a
comfortable shelter and
living space for a cat or
small dog. The papier
rnache gives insulation, so
the Pet Pod is the ideal
solution for pets housed in
unheated buildings.
/
Vaccari Ltd, UK
3
25
.,
Vaccari Ltd, UK
3
25
Papiermach. 288-9
(}
Recycledmaterials
327,
Compostoble
33
0
a
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0-
n;'
~
V1
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r
:;:;:
ciil Stat ionery goods
Reject circuit boards from
electronics manufacturers
are reused as stiff
prot ect ive covers for key
rings, ring bind ers, photo
albu ms and clipb oa rds,
As legislat ion forces
elect ronics manufactu rers
t o be more accountable for
disp osal of was te and end-
of-life di sposal of products,
thi s type of was te may no
longer be available for
recycling, On e wonders
also what happ en s to th e
reu sed circuit board s when
they are discarded by the
consumer. Does th is form
of recycling di sp erse
potential met al pollut ant s
thr ou gh municipal
landfills ? Cuto uts also
manufacture stationery
product s from plastic
sheet ing made from
recycled HDPE and LDPE,
/
Cutouts, UK
3
1
4
e
Cutouts, UK
3
1
4
Recycledcircuit boards,
34
1
plastics <,
~
Reusedandrecycled
327
materials
/
Goods. Netherlands
3
1
7
.,
Goods, Netherlands
3
1
7
Unusedbillboard
34
1
advertisements
Reuseof waste 327,
Low-energy
3
28
manufacturing
inks and special
waterproofed papers.
These latter characteristics
are ideal for certain new
products, as Goods
demonstrate with their
eye-catching waste paper
bins made out of the very
same advertising posters.
Creativeideas from a
brainstorming sess ion
often end up in the bin;
noweven the best ideas,
with a wonderful ironic
twist, become the bin!
U-Box
This multipurpose
polypropylene box offers
several compartments and
permits boxes to be
stacked. It provides a
versatile storage unit for
home. workshop or office.
/
HansjergMaier-Aichen. 308,
Authenticsanipresem,
3
13
Germany
.,
Authenticsartipresent,
3
1
3
Germany
Recyclable
34
'
polypropylene
o
Recyclable material s
327.
Multifunctional
3
29
Wast e pape r bin
The printing industry
generates vast quantities
of material that is never
actually used for the
purpose intended. Excess
print runs, abandoned
promotional literature,
pulped magazines and
books - the volume of
waste generated is high.
Forty-eight-sheet
advertising posters are
extremely diffi cult to
recycle because of high
concentrations of coloured
Litter bin
Waste metal strapping
from shipping containers is
woven and riveted into a
robust bin suitable for use
in a private gar den or
public space .
/
Arunaso siopas, USA
309
0
One.off
Metal
295
Reusedmaterials
3
28
4
IDRAaward, 1998
332
Bas ket
Newspaper twisted into a
yarn is woven with tough
vines to create durable
baskets with a unique look.
/
BrianDougan. USA
3
06
0
Oneoffi
Reusednewspoper. 281
woodyvines
34
1
Reusedandrenewable
3
27.
materials
3
28
4
IDRAaward, 1998
33
2
Talkingalarm clock
This touc h-sensit ive alarm
clock made of 70 per cent-
recycled HDPE
demonst rates imaginative
use of materials and takes
clock design into the
twenty-first century. A
clockwith personality may,
over time, encourage
greater custodial care!
/
PedroCarrasco,
35
Portugal
0
Prototype
Diecast aluminium,
295
glass
Improvedenergy 328,
efficiency
3
29
De,ignfardi,assembly
XKseries
Exit signs fitte d wit h
incandescent lamps can
now be fitted wit h energy-
efficient LED lamps with
potential energy savings of
up to 90 per cent. A
retrofitting kit includes th e
appropriate scr ew bases
and sockets.
LumatechCorporation,
32
0
USA
.,
LumatechCorporation,
3
20
USA
LED,
Improvedenergy
329
efficiency
Lights
Virtual Daylight'
systems
Many office workers suffer
from fat igue and illness
as a direct res ult of the
poo r lighting in th eir
work environment.
Virtual Daylight' " Systems
use a combination of
pola rization , high
. frequency and full-
s pect rum technology to
rep roduce daylight-quality
illumination. The systems
are designed to use less
energy than con venti on al
office lighting and offe r a
sig nifican t boos t to those
prone to Sea son al Affective
Disorder (SAD) .
/
Cleatvision Lighting,UK
3
'4
e
Clearvision Lighting,UK
3
1
4
Various
Simulateddayli ghtfor
3
28
healthierwork
environment
LEDlOO-TE
The LED100-TE syste m
offer s a ran ge of
customized diffuse rs and
reflect ors for down-light ing,
which can be fitt ed into two
basic hous ings . There are
nine 'Architect ura l', four
'Deco' and six ' Eco'
diffuser / reflector options.
Each ho using incorporates
a tilti ng light holder for low-
energy bulb s and is fitted
with electronic co nt rol
gea r, saving 30 per cent
over conventional ballasts.
ConcordLighting, UK
3
14
e
ConcordLighting, UK
3
'
4
Die-cast aluminiumand
polycarbonate
,}
Energy-,aving,
3
29
cuslomizablelighting
system
Aeron
Biomorp h multi desk
Correct posture while
working at a computer is
essential for good health.
This desk permits
adjust me nt of the height of
t he platform s holdi ng the
com put er monitor and t he
keyboard and features safe,
rounded edges to all
compone nts.
/
Stephen Barlow-
3
04
Lawson, USA
.,
GroundSupport Equip-
3
17
ment (US) Ltd, USA
Paintedfibreboard, steel
339
Fullyadjustabledesk
3
29
offershealth
advantages
The Aeron chair rep resents
a st ep change in the way
office cha irs are designed.
It is man ufactured in t hree
sizes to acco mmodate
diver sity of the human
form and weight , making
it su itable for use rs up
to 136kg (zoolb) in
weight and from the first
percentile female to the
ninety-ninth percent ile
male. It has very advanced
ergonomics. Pneumatic
height adjustment, a
sophisticat ed Kinemat
tilt system and the Pellicle,
a synthet ic, breathable,
membrane, are
com ponents of t he seat
pan, which adj usts to
individual body sha pes .
The manufacturing process
use s les s energy than
convent ional foam
construc tion and the use
of discret e components
of synthetic and recycled
mat erials faci litates
disas se mb ly and ease
of repair for worn
com ponents (which are
subs equ ently recycled) .
Such des ign improves t he
long evity of the product.
Components are made
of one material rather than
a mixture of material s
to facilitate futu re reu se
and recycling.
/
BillStumpfand Don
3
05
Chadwick, Herman
Miller
.,
Herman Miller, Inc,
3
18
USA 1991topresent
Corrugatedpaperboord,
339,
aluminium, CFCfree
34
'
technopolymer
Renewableandj or
32] ,
recyclablemateria"
3
28
Cleanproduction
Cartoons
Cartoons is a flexible, free-
standing screen suitable
for partitioning in domestic
and office spaces.
Corrugated paper-board
extracted from pure
cellulose is st iffenedat
the edges with a closure
of cold-processed, CFC-
free polyurethane and
at the ends with die-
cast aluminium. This
configuration allowsthe
screen to be positioned in
produced an accessory that
improves efficiency in even
the most overcrowded
office - the Lap Desk, an
extended area on which to
rest your laptop compute r
and use as a white-board
for that vital 'to do' list.
/
Howorth, lnc., USA
31]
e
Howorth, lnc., USA 31]
Variouspolymers
MultifUnctionaloffice
3
2
9
auessory
Lapdesk
Officeworkpractices,
such as 'hot desking' and
workingremotelyvia
intra- and extra-nets, are
nowadays demanding
more flexibil ity from
equipment. Desk space
has never been at such a
premium, so Haworth have
Natura
/
GrammerAG,Germany
3
17
0
GrammerAG, Germany
3
17
Variousmetalsand 295-7
polymm
(}
MultifUnctional
328,
modularsystem
3
29
Designforneed
Jump Stuff,
Jump Stuffll
Everybody customizes
their domestic s pace, so
why not the work space
too? Through an extended
series of pro jects and
development of conceptual
prototypes in the mid- to
late 1990S, such as the Flo
& Eddy wor kstation,
Haworth examined the
cogn itive ergon omics of
the des k area. The outcome
is the JumpStuff system,
which allows individuals to
select the compo nent s they
require to ma ximize the
functionality and comfort
of the ir own de s ks. The
spine of the syst em is a
free -standing or panel-
Jwall-mounted rail to which
t he mo du lar components
can be attached. Whatever
your regular ta sks, you can
attach and orient th e
In 1993 the company
launched a new collection
of office chairs, called
' Nat ura'. The basic premise
of the design brief was to
create a group of products
that could be taken back by
the company at the en d of
thei r act ive life and be
easily refu rbished or the
components reused.
Additional criteria were to
improve durability, use
env ironmenta lly benign
ma ter ials and exte nd
product life. Grammer had
to introduce a new system
to permit product ret urn
and worked closel y with
existing customers to make
s ure the scheme was
accepted. This product
range exemplifies producer
resp onsibil ity and the
adoption of the long view.
tv
o
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Ensemble BlO
This injection-moulded
seat is made of Stapron N,
a blend of ABS and PA,
which is manufactured with
integral air pockets. It is
soft and more pliable and
provides improved comfort
over polypropylene, which
is often used for this type
of chair. Stapron N is
designed to be fully
recyclable.
/
AlfredHofmann,
3
07
Denmark
0
Fritz Hansen, Denmark
3
17
Stapron N, chrome-
295
platedsteel
(}
Arecycfable plastic
3
27
Herman Miller
Office Envi ronment
Today's offices are often a
conglomeration of
products competing for
space and visual attention
and bound together by a
matrixof unruly cables.
Traditionally designers of
officespace treat flooring
and furniture as distinct
components. Not so Ross
Lovegrove, who has
considered officedesign
literally from the floor up.
The Herman MillerOffi ce
Environment exploits the
full panoplyof modern
materials to achievean
integrated, modular but
flexible system. Afloor tile
sits on a baseplate
providing a cavernous
space for ducting of service
cables and pipes. Table
supports fit into the tiles
and lightweight table tops
connect to the supports.
This 3-Dmatrixoffers a
neutral, translucent,
above-floor environment,
which can be perfectly
customized to suit clients'
current and future needs.
Precision-engineered
componen ts encourage
easy maintenance,
replacement of worn
parts, expansion of existing
faciliti es and ease of
disassembly and reuse
or recycling. As legislation
for 'producer responsibility'
gathers more momentum
in the USA other
manufacturers may be
driven to rethinktheir
existing designs . This
system is one that shows
the way.
/
Ross Lovegrove, UK
3
08
0
Conceptualprototype,
3
18
Herman Miller, USA
Recycledplastics
34
1
Recycledandrecyclable
3
27
materials
Singlematerialto
facililaterecycling
Eddy workstation
Comfort and ergonomics
at the average office
workstation leave a lot to
be desired. Haworth
considered a numbe r of
concept designs in
1996-97 that embraced
cognit ive ergonomics,
i.e. making t he funct ionality
of the spa ce mirro r the
act ivity of t he human brain.
In this workstat ion,
information, working not es
and devices can be
physically grou ped on t he
most relevant area of the
curvilinear fibreglass
shelving .
/
ClarksonThorpeand 310,
Steve Beukema,
3
1
7
Haworth, USA
4)
Prototype, Haworth,
3
'7
USA
Fibreglass, Plexiglass,
leather, silicone, latex
rubber, steel
Improvedworking
3
29
environmentfor
greaterproductivity
andcomfort
Model 4070
Germany is the only
country in the world where
used laminated beverage
cartons are transformed
into dense , strong sheet ing
suitable for furniture,
displays and office
accesso ries. This set of
conference table and chairs
uses Tectan" fixed to steel
frames. Tectan" comprises
about 7S per cent paper,
20 per cent polyethylene
and Sper cent aluminium,
reflecting the original ratio
of materials in the cartons
produced by international
manufacturers such
as TetraPak. Waste is
collected under the
DSD(Duales System
Deutschland AG), then
sorted and shredded
to create downcycled
feedstockof smm (' /5 in)
particles. The feedstock is
fed into a mould where it
is subjected to suffi cient
heat and pressure to bond
the particles without
adding new adhesives.
/
Tecton, Germany
324
.,
Tecton, Germany
324
Tecton
e
, steel 292
Recycledmaterials
3
27
/
Adam Berkowitz, USA
3
0
4
.,
ArborVitae, USA
3' 2
Designfordisassembly 327,
andeaseof repair
3
28
Recycledandrecyclable
materials
Low-impact
manufacturing
Armchair
Organic offi ce furniture is
the aim of Adam Berkowitz,
who uses oak from
sustainably managed
forests, woven hemp
webbing and organic
citrus oils and paints
for finishing.
LeapT'"seating
Building on the lessons
learnt from the design of
the Protege Chair in ' 99
'
,
teap'" Seating is one of
Steelcase' s leading
products with respect
to recycling, waste
reduction and low-impact
manufacturing. The basic
design is verydurable
but parts can be easily
removed for repair or
upgrading if required. At
least 92 per cent of the
chair's parts are recyclable
and the cushioning used in
the upholsteryis made of
SO per cent-recycled PET.
During manufacture
adhesives and paints with
no or limited Volatile
Organic Compounds
(VOCs) and water-based
metal-plating processes
considerably reduce
aquatic and aerial
emissions. Employee
workingconditions at the
Grand Rapids, Michigan,
factoryhave also been re-
engineered to provide a
more healthy environment.
What will happen to the
chair at the end of its life
has not yet been defined,
but leasing and take-back
are options all responsible
manufacturers will have to
consider in the near future.
Furniture
X-In Balance workplace
screen
Economic use of materials
is of direct benefit to the
environment, yet achieving
this aim is often a daunting
task, in which lightness has
to be balanced against the
need to fulfi l functional
requirement s. X-In Balance
achieves this goal and more.
/
Gerald Wurz,Austria
3
11
0
NovaForm/ Kautzky 3
'9,
Mechanik,Austria
3
21
Balloonsilk,steel 290'1,
295
Economy of materials 327,
usage
3
28
Lightweight recyclable
materials
Lowenergy af
manufacturing and
transport
Pict o, Kendo Stit z,
FSrange
Wilkhahn inititated a
project in 1992 entitled
' Environmental Control'
with the support of the
Ministryfor Environmental
and Economic Affairs for
the state of LowerSaxony.
Following an audit of their
corporate eco-balance of
inputs and outputs, teams
were set up to reduce
environmental impacts in
production and to select
materials within an
integrated ITframework.
The Wilkhahnrange of
officeseat ing is designed
to minimize polluting
processes during
production. Chrome
plating of metals is avoided
and upholstery is made
from durable, wear-
resistant wool and
polyester fabrics without
gluing or welding.
Allfurniture is easily
asse mbled/ disass embled/
maintained and individual
components can be
recovered for recycl ing
upon disasse mbly.
/
Produkt Entwicklung 39
Roericht, Germany
0
Wilkhahn+ Hahne 3
26
GmbH, Germany
Pure-grade metals,
295
thermoplastics
Clean production
327,
Designfor disassembly 3
28
andrecycling
Furniture
Non-toxic
workstati on
This is ess entia llya
modular, orga nic range
of office furn iture,
which at the end of
its useful life can be
further recycled or
composted, retu rning
the constituents back
to the bios phere.
Attention to detail
ensures a flexible
working environment
with a range of furn iture
configurations.
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Office furniture
This modu lar system of
shelving, worktops an d
des ks uses t he composite
materials Homos ote and
Medex wit h the natural
look of card boar d in a
minima list design that
emphasizes the simple
virtues of t he materials.
/
Erez SteinbergandGia
3
10
Giasullo, Studioeg, USA
4)
Studioeg, USA
324
Organic materials,
34
1
recycled andreused
woodandpaper
Renewableand
32].
recyclablematerials
34
0
Lowenvironmental
impact
Sundeala medium
board screen
The original Sundeala
company began
manufacturi ng fibreboard
from waste cellulose in
1898 and for the last
seventy years Sundeala
board s have ut ilized
recycled newsp rint as the
primary mat erial. ' K' quality
unbleached natur al board
is for interior use, while 'A'
quality with natural binder s
and colouring to red uce
mois ture penet ration is
suitable for shelte red
exterior use.
/
Celotex, UK
3
1
4
4)
Celotex, UK
3
'
4
recycled newsprint.
34
1
natural binders
Reducedwaste disposal
32],
Recycled and recyclable
3
28
material
Viper
Eliptical cross-section
cardboard tubes made
from recycled paper are
connected to each other,
top and bottom, by
a specially moulded
plastic capping. Extensive
articulation between
adjacent tubes permits
the screen to be rolled up
when not in use.
"
HansJakobsen,
3
0
7
Denmark
.,
Fritz Hansen, Denmark
3'7
Aluminium,plywood
295
Lightweight,
3
29
multifunctional
furniture
Supi ne workst ati on
This bespoke workstation
was designed for a
computer specialist who
found it impossible to work
at a conventional deskfor
any length of time because
of three fused vertebrae
in his lower back. The
Center for Rehabilitation
Technologydeveloped a
workstation that can be
rolledtowards the chair
and locked in position.
Once the user is seated
the chair can be tilted
backwards and the monitor
and keyboard swung into
position.
"
Julius T. Corkranand
3
05
AlanHarp, USA
.,
Centerfor Rehabilitation
3
0
5
Technology, Collegeof
Architecture, Georgia
InstituteafTechnalogy,
USA
Various
Designfor
3
29
personalization
providingextracomfort
Curva
Reuse of existing materials
or manufactured
components requires
verylittle or no energy
input and is a quickwayof
reintroducing resources
into the materials stream.
De Denktank have come up
with a stimulating example
of reuse with their Curva
flexible yet unbreakable
ruler, made from discarded
aluminium venetian-blind
slats obtained from local
recycl ing depots. Silkscreen
printed graphics are
printed on to the original
coloured slats and 100 per
cent-recycl ed packaging is
used to protect the ruler
during distribution and
retailing. Simplicity is a
keyelement of this design.
Episola
Using a pencil as the
fulcrum, this exquisitely
simple set of scales allows
letters to be graded for
correct stamping, It also
serves as a letter opener
and involves minimal use
of materials and energy
during manufacturing.
/
De Denktank,
3
05
Netherlands
0
De Denktank,
3
05
Netherlands
Reusedaluminium
295
Reuseof materials
3
28
Lowenergy
Q.
DesignSenseaward,
33
2
1999
/
Teo Enlund, Sweden
3
06
0
Simplicitas, Sweden
3
24
Metal 295
Economyofmaterials
327,
ondlowembodied 328,
energy
34
0
Karisma
Sanford UK is part of the
Sanford Corporation, which
is the world's largest
manufacturer of pencils
based upon waste wood
products, a mixture of
wood flour and polymers.
Allwood-cased pencils
manufactured bySanford
UK use wood from
managed forests and,
where possible, pencils are
protected bywater-based
varnishes, which are
hardened by ultraviolet
light, rather than using
solvent-based inks.
Packaging and plastic
waste are recycled at the
production plant.
/
SanfordUKLtd, UK
3
23
0
SanfordUKLtd. UK
3
23
Recycledmaterials 327,
Cleanproduction
32
8
Supplychain
management
GreenDisk
Ex-Microsoft program disks
are recycled by del eti ng the
dat a and triple-testin g so
as to guarantee that the y
are virus- and error-free.
A new labe l is added and
the dis ks are boxed in packs
of ten or twenty-five usi ng
recycled brown ca rdboard.
/
GreenDisk, USA
3
1
7
e
GreenDisk,USA
3
17
Recycledfloppydisks
34
'
Reusingandrecycling
327
existingproducts
/
SaveACupRecycling
3
23
Company, UK
.,
SaveACupRecycling
3
2
3
Company, UK
Polystyrene
34
1
Recycledmaterials
3
27
recyclat e is suita ble for
low-grade use s uch as
pen s, rulers and key rings .
Drinks vendi ng machines
da ilyconsume vast
quanti t ies of st anda rd
Somrn polystyrene cups to
satisfy t he t hirst of office
workers and use rs of publ ic
spaces. All t hos e s pent
cups - what a waste! Save
ACup has organi zed direct
or thir d-party collection
of use d cups in all the
maj or UKcities, using
specia llydes igned bins
and mac hines to shred
the cups . Compa nies
regist ered with the UK' s
Environ ment Agency
can obtain a Packaging
Recovery Not e (PRN)
for the to nnage recycled
to com ply wit h the
UKPackaging Wast e
Regulat ions . The feeds tock
\
SaveACup
/
BoydWillat, USA
3
27
e
WillatWriting
3
27
Instruments, USA
Metal,gel
295
Designforcomfortand
3
29
customization
/
Edward DouglasMiller, 307,
Remarkable Pencils, UK
3
2
3
.,
RemarkablePencils, UK
3
23
Recycledpolystyrene,
34
'
graphite, additives
Reduces resource
3
28
consumption
Reduces waste
producti on
Recycling
Sensan'pen
Gripping a pen for an
extended period can cause
discomfort. A soft, non-
toxic gel around the grip
area mould s itself to fit the
user' s fingers as it warms
up and co nseque ntly
improves co mfort . Once
the gel cools it ret urns to
its original shape.
Remarkable recycled
pencil
Used polystyre ne cups
from vending machines are
shredded and re-processed
into a new ' plast ic alloy' , in
which graphite and other
ma terials are mixed with
polystyrene and extrude d
in a specia l die to create
a new type of pencil.
It performs as well as
trad itiona l ' lead' pencils
and helps reduce
consumption of the timber
that traditionally encases
the lead.
EPSON Stylus Scan 2000
Convergen ce of digital
technology has enabled
Epson to combine th ree
functions in one machine,
with significant savings in
materials resources. This
small desktop mach ine
perm its printing , scanning
and copying and embod ies
a design philos ophy that is
moving toward s a Factor
4 reductio n in resource
us age. In recogniti on of the
importance of aesthet ics
in t he office, it has a range
of coloured cover panels,
allowi ng custo mers to
choo se one to complement
their local decor.
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33
()
fl)
modern of ailments.
Acurved keyboard and
pa lm rest ing pads ensure
less t iring movements.
Single-handed keyboard
'Access for all' is the clarion
cry of the prop onents of
the Informat ion Age but
convention al keyboa rd
design deni es access to
individuals wit h disabilit ies.
Maltron' s single-ha nded
head/m out h stick keyboard s
are too ls to help them
overcome thi s hurdl e and to
enjoy what others take for
granted . The Etype keyboard
is also a tool for t hose
suffering from repet it ive
strain injury (RSI), that most
GP225series
A photo cop ier, printer ,
fax machine and, more
recent ly, a scanner have
become the sta nda rd
compl ement of desktop
equipment for most
businesse s. Can on ' s
Networ ked Office Syste ms ,
such as the GP225 Series ,
have avoided the
/
PCD Maltron Ltd,UK
3
2 2
0
PCD Maltron Ltd, UK
3
2 2
Variousplastics.
34
1
electronics
Improveduserhealth
3
2
9
Improved au essto
informationfor those
withdisabilities
unn ecessary use of paper
when using individua l,
mono-funct ion machines
by integrat ing t he function s
into one networked
system. Prod uctivity can
be increased and use
of cons umables, such
as toner and pa per, is
reduced.
/
Seika Epson
3
10
Corporouon.j apan
0
EpsonDeutschland
3
16
GmbH, Germany
Various
Resourceefficiency
3
29
q.
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
/
Canon.japan
3
1
4
0
Canon,japan
3
1
4
Various
Reductionin
328,
consumablesand
3
29
energyconsumption
q.
EnvironmentalChoice
EcoLogo M eco-label,
Canada
PagePro8
This compact desktop laser
printer boasts a small
footprint and low noise
operation thanks to the
absence of a ventilation
fan. Lowemissions,
lowenergyconsumption
and a recyclable plastic
casing combine to
make the PagePr08 an
excellent example of more
environmentally conscious
manufacturing.
/
Yoshihiro Ichi, Industrial
3
0
7
DesignDivision,
Minolto,japan
(
Minolta,japan
3
20
Plasticcasing, 283,
electronics
295
Lowenergy 328,
consumption
3
29
Lowemissionof
harmfulsubstances
Lownoise
Recyclable materials
4
iF EcologyDesign
33
2
Award, 1999
ECOSYS
The current range of nine
ECOSYS laser printers
manufactured by Kyocera
constitutes a modular design
system that permits
upgrading from a simple
desktop personal printer, the
FS-680, capable of 8ppm, to
the free-standing FS-gooo,
which has an output of up to
36ppm. These printers use
specially developed long-life
drum technology rather tha n
cartridges, so onlythe toner
has to be replenished.
Consequentl y maintenance
requirement s and operating
costs are low.
/
FAPorschewith
3
09
Kyocera, japan
(
Kyocera,japan
3' 9
Various
Reductionin
3
28
consumabfes
Modularupgrade path
Xe rox" Document
Centre 470 a nd 460
series
The XeroxCorporation
was an earlyadopter of
greener manufacturing,
environmental
management systems
and product take-back.
This has meant des igning
standardized parts that are
interchangeable across a
range of products and are
clearlyidentified to assist
with reuse and recycling.
Products are also des igned
for ease of disassemblyto
facilitate reuse, recycling
or materials recovery.
Areduction inthe total
number of parts in each
machine is also cent ral
to the company's design
philosophy. The Xerox"
Document Centre 470 and
460" series are typicalof
networked, multifunctional
machines capable of
copying, printing, faxing
and scanning. The series
is EnergyStar compliant,
the sleep mode requiring
just 65watts, compared
with, ,425watts in
operational and 260 watt s
inlowpower mode.
/
Xerox Corporation, USA
3
26
e
XeroxCorporation, USA
3
26
Various
Multifunctionality 327,
Designf ordisassembly 328,
Reduction inmaterials 3
2
9
usagein
manufacturing
Product take-back
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....
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o
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(I)
/
IBMPersonal Systems
3
18
GroupDesign. IBM
Corporation, USA
., IBMCorporation. USA
3
18
Recycledplastics. 28
3
electronics 295
Recycledcontent
3
27
4
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
IBMInt ell iSt at ion EPro
This is the worl d's first
PC to use 100 per cent-
recycled plastics for t he
cas ings for th e mon it or.
CPU and keyboard. These
components are up to
20 per cent chea per th an
t hose made from virgin
mat eri als. A sma ll desktop
foot print is matched to
a high-specification
works tation suita ble for all
types of professiona l uses
from gra phics to financial
and business networ ks.
MultisyncLT 140
This lightweight, compact
data projector has a
PCMIA-card drive, which
permits the unit to be
used without linking up
to a Pc. The total number
of compone nt s has
been kept to a minimum
and upon disassembly
material s are easily
separated into pure-
grade s. A slot is provided
to st ore the remote
control and a peripheral
mou se enabl es
annotations to be made
on t he project ed dat a.
IDEOProduct
3
07
Development.j apan
0
NECDeutschland
3
21
GmbH, Germany
Various
Economyof materials
3
27
.
usage
3
28
Designfordisassembly
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award, 2000
Packagingand Shipping
This lightweight packaging
made of recyclable PEuses
air as the shock-absorbing
material to protect goods
in transit. Aiml air bags
are produced in standard
and bespoke sizes,
providinga viable, less
expensive alternative to
polystyrene 'chips' and
' bubble wrap' . The Airf]]
system significantly
reduces storage space
requirements and allows a
/
KayserbergPackaging,
3
1
9
France
.,
KayserbergPackaging,
3
1
9
France
Polypropylene 296-7
(}
Reusableand
3
28
recyclable
BlueAngeleeo-Iabel
Akylux
Polypropylene sheeting is
a resilient alternative to
corrugated cardboard,
especially when it can
encourage multi-trip,
reusable packaging.
Kayserberg Packaging have
designed numerous box
systems with internal
compartments , which can
be reused for distribution
of components and
finished products. Being
the onlycompo nent in this
product, the PPcan easily
be recycled when it reaches
the end of its useful life.
reduction in the thickness
of the outer packaging
material. It is also reusable,
clean and free of dust.
/
AmasecAirjil, UK
3
12
.,
AmasecAirjil, UK
3' 2
Polyethylene
296' 7
(}
Reductioninmaterials
327,
usage
3
28
Useofa recyclable
plastic
range of inflatable,
transparent nylonf PE
bags with resealable
valves, which add very
litt le to gross parcel
weight. Although the
manufacturers advise
additional external
protection with cardboard
to prevent puncture of the
polymer mix, some users
have discovered great
publicity value in allowi ng
the contents of their Ai r
Boxes to be revealed. It is
reported that IBM sent an
invitation to a breakfast
meeting with an egg
enclosed.
Airfil
Packaging materials are
dead weight, which
imposes a cost on the
sende r or recipient and
consumes transport
energy. Li ghtweight yet
st rong materials are the
nirvana to which every
packaging designer aspires.
Air Box is an off-the-shelf
Air Box
/
AirPackaging
3
12
Technologies, USA
e
AirPackaging
3
12
Technologies, USA
PLA - EcaPLA' 28
3
Biodegradable plastic
3
27
Compostable organic
refuse bag
Disposal of mun icipal
biodegradable waste,
such as leaves, grass and
weeds, is facilitated by
using this sack made
of a biodegradable
thermoplastic, polylactide
or PLA, derived from lact ic
acid. At landfill or compost
sites the bags can be
disposed of along with the
waste. These bags offer a
number of advantages over
kraft paper bags, such
as improved strength for
wet contents and easier
handling.
Natural gourd
packaging
Harnessing nature to
manufacture standardized
goods has long been the
preserve of the farmer, but
now product designers may
benefit too. Gourds, which
are traditionally used in
many tropical countries,
can be encouraged to grow
into specific shapes by
surrounding them with a
plywood mould, the final
form being controlled by
the intended usage.
/
AJ. Velthuizen,
3
11
European Design
Centre, and R. S. Wall,
RotterdamAcademyof
Architecture al, Urban
Planning. Netherlands
0
Prototype
Gourds
339
Renewable and
compostablematerials
327,
Verylow-energy 'bio-
3
28
manufacturing'
Cull-Un Pack
This is a UN-certified
packaging design for the
transport of hazardous
chemicals in glass
containers. Astrong
moulded pulp base and
top, made from used
cardboard boxes , protects
the containers, which are
enclosed in a corrugated
cardboard outer. It meets
/
RabertCullen al, Sans,
3
23
UK
0
RobertCullen al, Sons,
323
UK
Polypropylene 296-7
(}
Recyclable single
328,
material
3
29
o Closed loopsystem
Reductions inunit
manufacturingand
transport energy
o BlueAngeleco-label
IFCOreturnable
t ransit packaging
Eleven sta nda rd sizes of
flat-pack, reusable plast ic
containe rs with venti late d
s ides are meant for t ransit
packaging for all types of
fres h produ ce. The IFCO
system is use d in ove r
thirty count ries and an
es t ima ted seve nty million
packag ing unit s are in
ci rculation. Compat ible
wit h loading on Euro and
ISO pallets , th e units are
of cons ta nt tare, are eas ily
clea ned and whe n folded
redu ce storage space
requireme nts by 80
per cent. Unit weight-
to -volume rat ios are
economical: tare weights
vary from 0 .6Skg (l ib 7oz)
to 1.7Skg (31b'4oz), giving
res pective storage volumes
of between 0 .01 square
met res (0.11 sq uare ft)
and o.OSsquare metres
Pallecon 3Autoflow
Made of sheet and sol id
ste el, thi s co nta ine r
is suitable for t rans porting
a wide range of
industrial liquids from
pha rmaceutical produ ct s
to foods t uffs. It is em pt ied
via a sump through valves,
which are recyclabl e, and
is easily cleaned between
consig nme nts . It can
be sto red int o one-t hird of
its original size by folding
the sides, thu s saving
valua ble ca rgo space .
Meeti ng EUsta nda rds
and with an expected
serv ice life of ten years,
the Palleco n 3 Autoflow
can be enti rely recycled at
th e en d of its use ful life.
/
LSKIndustriesPly Ltd,
3
1
9
Australia
.,
LSKIndustries Pl y Ltd,
3
19
Australia
.-
Steel
295
(}
o Singlematerialto 328,
facilitaterecycling
329
Reusableand
recyclable
o Potentialreductionof
transport energy
4
iFDesignAward, 2000
33
2
tactile. translucent
and shatter -proof
Metocene (metallocene
polypropylene) requires
46 per cent less energy
during manufacturing by
injection moulding and
reduces transport volume
by33per cent - ample
proof that this redesign
reduces environmental
impacts.
/
VarioPac Disc Systems
3"
GmbH, Germany
.,
Ehlebracht AG,
3
1
5
Germany
MetoceneX5008, 296-7
Reduction of materials
3
2
7.
usage
3
28
Reductionof embodied
andtransport energy
q.
iFEcologyDesign
332
Award,2000
Vari oPac'i"
The st ruggle to extract
CDs from their protective
covers is consigned to
the past thanks to this
well-conceived and
-manufactured product.
Simply press the lever in
the corner to eject the
CD. An assess ment by
FH Li ppe of the VarioPac
Rover conventional
cases revealed that the
Packaging Waste recovery
and recycling regulations ,
so the reduced wood
content of these pallets
lowers the costs associated
with these obligations.
Velcro" tape to keep its
sha pe and strength. Each
box is capable of up to
ten trips before recycling,
reducing materials
consumption, labour
and disposal costs.
/
WeTZalit AG+Co.,
3
26
Germany
.,
WeTZalit AG+Co.,
3
26
Germany
Corrugatedcardboard 288-9
Reusablepackaging
3
28
Presswood pallet
Unli ke traditional timber
pallets, the ' Inka' pallets
don't need to be fixed with
staples or nails since they
are manufactured from
recycl ed timber waste
bonded with water-
resistant synthet ic resins.
Other advantages over
conventional pallets
include more compact
stackingand lower tare
weight. Standard pallet
sizes meet current
European regulations
and are recycl able. As of
January200 0 , wood is
included within the EU
Rexpak'
This multi-trip cardboard
boxis being tested bythe
food-di stribution industry
in the UK. It is a collaps ible
boxthat is reconstructed
when required by folding
and using temporary
D _
/
SchaferWerke GmbH,
3
23
Germany
0
SchaferWerke GmbH,
3
23
Germany
Stainlesssteel, 295
thermoplasti c
(}
Designfordurability, 328,
disassemblyand
3
29
recyclability
Reductionintransport
energy
4
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award,2 000
cardboard assists
wholesalers in product
identification while st ill
providing adequate
protection of the lamps.
This philosophy is
extended to ot her
promotional and display
material such as
catalogues, retail displays
and so on.
/
PremselaandVonk,
3
09
Netherlands
0
SylvaniaLighting
3
10
International,
SwitzerlandandUSA
Recyclednewsprint
34
'
(}
Recycledmaterials 327,
Reusable product
3
28
Die-cast, injection-
moulded, thermop lastic
base and top clip on to
the stainless-steel body of
this beverage container,
avoiding the need to
glue in place rubber or
Schafer Eco Keg
Packaging and Shigping
Top Box
The Top Box is a versatile
storage container made
of a collapsible, flat-pack,
cardboard carcass with
a hinged plastic lid
incorporating a tamper-
proof catch and carrying
handles. It is square in
section and stackable and
so can be efficientlystored
or transported without
occupying excessive space.
SamsDesignand Reed 310
CorrugatedCases,UK
0
ReedCorrugatedCases,
3
10
UK
Ediblestarch
339
Q
Biodegradable, 32]
compostable
Hiep Nguyen, Gerald
3
12
Schniedermeier,
Yolanda Grievenow,
DenSuoss, 3M
Deutschland, Germany
0
3MDeutschland,
3
12
Germany
Plastics 283,
295
Q
Faci/itatesplastics
33
identificationand
recycling
q.
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award,1999
::J
....
:r
(1)
o
:B
n
(1)
Ray Eame s. For those who
t ravel regul arly by rail the
little to uches, such as a
padded head pillow, will
be much appreciat ed.
Land
All ison bus
An improvement in fuel
economy of So per ce nt
ove r conventional powered
units is achieved by using
the Allison Elect ric Drives
hybrid system deve loped
Allison Trans mission ,
a s ubsi diary of General
Moto rs. The syste m
also gives a significant
reduct ion in em issions
of ca rbon monoxide,
hydrocarbons, part iculate
matter and nitrous oxide .
The Allison Bus represents
an opportunity to create
clea ner public t rans port
syste ms . Awell-peo pled
bus equi pped wit h such
clea n technol ogy is pat entl y
more susta inable t ha n lots
of single-occu pa ncy ca rs.
/
General Motors,USA
3
17
e
General Motors,USA
3
17
..
Various
(}
Improvedfuel
329
efficiency
Reductioninemissions
Metropolitan express
train
In cont rast t o mos t
modern t rains, the interior
of thi s new tr ain system
is mad e of enti rely natur al
or recyclable materia ls.
Wit h mo ulded laminated
wood shells and leat her
upholst ery, thi s design
makes s ignificant reference
to the original 1956
Herman Miller Model No.
670 and 671 lounge chairs
designed by Charles and
.,
..
gmp-Architekten, 307
Germany
DeutscheBahnAGand 315
Metropalitan Express
Train GmbH German
Leather, plywood, 395
stainless steel
Renewableand 327
re elablematerial s
iFDesignAward, 2000 332
/
Mike Marczynski, UK 308
.,
Business Lines, UK
3
13
..
Plastic 283,
295
(}
Improvement inroad 328,
safety
329
Reductioninpollution
Checkpoint and
Checkt ag
Loose wheel nuts can
lead to accidents, with
loss of life and possible
spillage of pollutants
and toxins into the
environment. Check point
and Checktag are two
types of plastic cap
that are pushed over a
nut once it has been
tightened to t he correct
torque. The arrows on
each cap should be
aligned unless the nuts
have worked themselves
loose. Aqu ick visua l
check is all that is needed
to identifY a rogue nut.
Land
/
Hawtal Whiting 31]
Environmental, UK
.,
Hawtal Whiting
3
1
]
Environmental, UK
Aluminium
395
Reductionofexhaust
3
29
emissions
a paybackwithin 500
miles (800km) of the
device's being fitted to
a vehicle. EVECcan be
retrofitted to old and
newvehicles, unlike
most catalytic converters,
which work onlyon
modern , lead-free
fuel engines .
/
SensorSystems
323
Watchman, UK
.,
SensorSystems
3
2
3
Watchman, UK
Radio transmitter,
34
1
telemetrydevice, PC
Significant reductionin
3
28
transport energyto
delivergoods
EVEC
This device is fitted to
the induction side of
an internal combu stion
engine and can deliver up
to 62 per cent reduction
of carbon monoxide
and 35 per cent of
hydrocarbons in the
exhaust gases. According
to the manufacturers,
lifecycle analysis shows
Tanksignal system
Aradio transmitter
monitors the fuel level in a
storage tank and sends the
information to a telemetry
device called a Signalman
fitted to the customer's
telephone network point.
This Signalman updat es a
PCat the fuel depot, so at
anytime the supplier can
work out the best route and
volume of fuel to deliver to
his customers . This system
can be used for domestic
and industrial fuel supplies.
It is est imated that it could
save up to half of the road
journeys by delivery
vehicles.
J- '
BTMInternational Ltd,
3' 3
UK
e
BTMInternational Ltd,
3
13
UK
Recycledrubber 28
3
Recycledmaterials 32] ,
Reusablesystem
3
28
Reducedenergyof
instal1ation
reinforced resin beams and
the outer skin is made of
an aramid-epoxyresin.
Aramid textiles are specially
woven in layers with the
fibres in adjacent layers
orientated at 45 degrees to
each other, giving them
greater impact resistance
and reducing flexing.
Overall the design saves
3tonnes tare weight over
conventional designs.
/
Team ofthirtydesigners,
3
11
UniversityofTechnology,
Delft, Netherlands
.,
Conceptual prototype
Variouscomposites,
395
steel, aluminium
Reductioninfuel
33
0
consumption
With a maximum gross
weight of 40 tonnes for all
European road haulage
vehicles, any reduction in
the tare weight of an empty
vehicle means potentially
more cargo capacity. The
design team were able to
remove two longitudinal
chassis girders because
the lightweight trailer
body made of dual layers of
composites was sufficiently
rigi d. The deck layer
comprises a mixture of
aramid composite, glass
fibreand balsa wood with a
high compres sion strength,
and the underneat h layer
consists of glass fibre and
aluminium sheet with a
PVC foam infill. Side panels
are reinforced with carbon-
Cold Feather
Traffi c-calming systems
installed using
conventional techniques
requireconsiderable
manpower and cause
disruption to traffic during
installation. Flexitec, a
hard-wearing modular
system of kerbs, blocks and
ramps, manufactured from
recycled rubber, is installed
byboltingeach module to
the existing road surface.
It reduces road congestion
during installation and can
be used for permanent or
temporarytraffic calming.
Flexitec
/
Pri ns Dokkum BV,
32
2
Netherlands
4)
Prins Dokkum BV,
32
2
Netherlands
Tinandothermetal 295
alloys
(}
Reductionof
3
28
emissions, improved
fue!economy
Reduction of
particulateemissions
fromdieselengines
Various
Johnson Matthey, UK
Johnson Matthey, UK
generating a cleaner
exhaust stream and
improvingfuel efficiency.
Each Fuel Catalyst is
guaranteed to last
400,000km (250,000
miles). Users have reported
reduction of exhaust
emissions between 40
per cent and 70 per cent
and fuel economy improved
by15per cent.
nitrous oxide rather than
oxygen. As a result it
is low-maintenance,
requiring the filter to be
turned in the housing
every160,000km
(100,000 miles).
Fuel catalyst
Catalytic converters reduce
the emissions from exhaust
gases when retrofitted to
internal combustion
engines. Most use rare
metals to 'treat' the gases.
The Fuel Catalyst is a
metallicalloy catalytic
material made principallyof
tin-based materials, giving
improved oxidat ion during
combustion and therefore
Cont inuously
regenerat ingtrap
(CRT)
The CRTis a catalytic
converter and particle filter
for diesel-engined city
trucks and buses operating
on lowsulphur-type fuels.
The converter oxidizes the
particulate matte r at high
temperatures using
/
TRW LucasVarity
3
25
Electrical Steering, UK
4)
TRW LucasVarity
3
2
5
Electrical Steering, UK
Various
(}
Improvedf uel
3
29
consumption,avoids
risk ofescaping
pollutants
impregnated with catalyzed
resin in a straightforward
manufacturing process.
Similar principles can be
appliedto other products
traditionally made out of
metal, such as safety
helmets using aramide-
fibre-reinforced textiles.
Wheel
Any technique that saves
weight in road-vehicle
wheels yields in-built
savings in fuel
consumption . Resin
Transfer Moulding' "
is a process of making
lightweight, composite
wheels. Textiles made of
carbon-reinforced fibres are
Electrically power -
assisted steering
(EPAS)
Most power steering
systems involve installation
of a hydraulic motor and
associated piping. EPAS
uses an electronically
cont rolleddirect-drive
electronic motor and
claims to achieve a 5
per cent improvement
in fuel economy and
easy, maintenance-fee
installation. More
importantly, it avoids the
riskof contamina tion of the
vehicle and environment
with corrosive hydraulic
fluid, which can prevent
recycling. EPAS technology
has already been sold to
sixcar manufacturers
for installation in their
newmodels.
Land
Buses
Since the mid-1 990s the
German commercial
vehicle manufacturers
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge have
been testing working
prototypes using natural
gas (CNG), liquefied
petroleum gas (LPG),
hydrogenfuel cells and a
biofuel called rapeseed oil
methylester (RM E) as an
alternative to diesel fuel.
Anarticulated bus powered
byCNGdevelops 310 bhp
but, incombination with
closed-loop catalytic
converters, conforms to
Euro 3emissions levels
proposed byGermany,
which are less than or
equal to 2 g/ kWh carbon
monoxide, 0.6 g/ kWh
hydrocarbons, 5g/kWh
nitrous oxides and 0.1
g/kWh of particulate matter
(PMlOS). These levels
showa reduction factor
Liquefiednat ural gas-
poweredvehicle
Chilledfood is delivered
dailyto each store in the
Marks & Spencer retail
chain using articulated
lorries with refrigeration
units. Following a review
of their distribution system
of between 3 and 5of the
Euro 1, 1990, exhaust
legislation. Afurther
benefit is a reduction
in noise to almost half
the normal level of a
diesel-powered bus.
MAN's commit ment to
with their lead cont ractor,
BOC, the company
examined ways of reducing
vehicular emissions and
noise pollution. This
culminated in the
development of a newfleet
reducing environmental
impacts is reflected
in their accreditation
to environmental
management standards
including EMAS and, at the
Steyr factory, ISO 14001.
of natural-gas-powered
vehicles equipped with
quiet, non-polluting cryo-
eutect ic refrigeration units.
Compared with the original
diesel-engined vehicles,
emissions from the
land
/
MANNutzfahrzeuge,
3
20
Germany
0
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge,
3
20
Germany
11
Various
Lowemissions
328,
Lownoisepollution
3
2
9
natural-gas vehicles
produce 89 per cent fewer
particulates, 69 per cent
fewer nitrous oxides and
approximately 10 to 20 per
cent less carbon dioxide.
/
Marksal. Spencerin
3
13
partnershipwithVarity
Perkins, ERF, Grayand
Adamsand BOC
DistributionServices,
with supportfrom the
EnergySavings Trust,
UK
0
Joint venturewith BOC,
3
1
3
UK
11
Various
Significant reductionin
328,
vehicle emissions and
329
noise
Pas senger informat ion
system
Saving up to 60 per cent
of the energyconsumption
of other pulse technology
displays, this modular
aluminium-framed
passenger information
/
University ofTechnology,
3"
Delft, Netherlands
0
Conceptual prototype
Various 34
1
(}
MultiJimctionoluseof 3
2
9
distribution road
vehicles
Reducedfossilf uel
consumption
Road transport
containers
Manytrailers of road
haulage vehicles workat
undercapacitysince their
'flatbed' design means
manytypes of cargo cannot
easily be accommodated.
For example, howdo you
transport a mixed load
comprising gases, fluids,
'flowable' powers and
solids? Aconceptual
solution is to store non-
solids in strong bags that
can be collapsed upon
emptying. Potent iallythis
could keep everyvehicle
operating nearer its gross
carryi ng capacityand
improve t ransport energy
efficiency.
3 cubic metres (106cu I)
capacity and provides a
range of up to 64km (40
miles) on an overnight
charge. Twenty-seven 6V
nickel cadmium batteries
power the 28kWdirect
current motor, which
permits a top speed of
g6kmJh (60mp h). Already
these vans form part of the
fleet of postal and courier
companies, including the
Royal Mail in the UK.
/
Peugeot, France
3
22
0
Peugeot, France
3
22
Various
34
1
(}
Reducedemissions (if
3
29
electricity sourcedfrom
non-renewables}
Zeroemissions (if
electricitysourcedfrom
renewables)
Noisereduction
system uses hundreds of
LEDs controlled with a
patented system. With a
legible display and clean
lines, this system conveys
information with maximum
efficiency and minimum
fuss. It is also easily
maintained by one person.
from emissions. And true
zero emissions can be
achieved if a renewable
source of electricity is
purchased. The Peugeot
Partner Electric, which
developed out of the
Peugeot 106 Electric, is
typical of the light electric
vans available. It offers a
payload of 500kg (1,1001b),
/
Inteiform Design,
3
0
7
Germany
0
LUMINOLicht
3
20
Elektronik GmbH,
Germany
11
Ceramic-coated
295
dispersionglass,
aluminium, LEOs
(}
Reductioninenergy 328,
consumption
329
Modulardesign with
easeofmaintenance
4
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award, 2000
Part ner Elect ric
Land
Companies and local
authorities that regularly
deliver or work in their own
localities would do well to
examine the potential role
of electricvehicles in their
fleet. Not onlycan electric
vehicles deliver high fuel-
equivalent efficiency and
lowexpenditure but there is
no local pollution generated
/
Fosterand Partners, UK
3
06
0
Prototype, '992-94
Various, including
34
1
photovoltoicpanels
(}
Solarpowerand
3
29
reductioninuseoffossil
fuels
Solar electric vehicle
An arra y of PVcells on the
roof of the bus provides
between one-third and one-
fifth of the power, reducing
fuel co ns umpt ion of t he
conve ntional intern al
comb ust ion engine. This
desi gn demonstrates the
ability of solar power to
reduce the output of
combust ion gases and so
help reduce pollut ion,
espe cially in congested
urban area s.
Sol o
Solo takes mid i-bus
des ign to new lows - that
is, it provides a low-level
platfo rm to enable
wheelchair user s to mou nt
from pavement to bus
by an ext endable automatic
ram p. Alow cent re
of gravity also produces
less roll and a more
comfortable ride for all.
And in the absence of any
steps, buses can pick up
and drop off pas sengers
more qu ickly, enabling
them to keep accuratel y to
their specified timetables
and reduce em iss ions
while idling.
Land
/
Optare, UK
3
21
0
Optare, UK
3
21
Various
34
'
(}
Equalaccessf orall
3
28
potential usersto
publictransport
Improvedefficiencyof
passenger
loading/unloading
Air
Centurion
Following an evolutionary
trajectory started by
NASA's early1990S
Pathfinder, the Centurion is
currently the world's largest
unmanned ultra-light wing
capable of sustaining
high-altitude flights. With
an incredible wingspan
of 6l.8m (203ft) and a
wing area of lS3sq metres
(l,647sq ft) almost entirely
covered in photovoltaic
panels, the S29kg(l,1641b)
vehicle can carry a payload
of up to 272kg (S981b) to
240380 metres (Bo.oooft).
Fourteen l.SkW electric
motors are powered bythe
photovoltaics for up to
fourteen or fifteen hours in
daylight plus two to three
hours in darkness using
on-board lithium batteries.
The objective of the ERAST
programme is to extend the
performance of the craft to
enable continuous flying
even in extended periods
of darkness. Capable of
all sorts of monitor ing
activities from high
altitude, the Centurion
could provide intelligence
for a varietyof needs,
including military,
meteorological and
biological, such as
monitoring the health of
growingcrops and forests.
.,
NASA's ERAST
programme,
AeroVironment, lnc.,
andDryden Research
Center, USA
Prototype, 1999
Carbonjibre and
graphite epaxy resins,
Kevlar, hotovohoics
Solar-poweredair
transponerjorsciemijic
andmultifunctional
missions
FanWing
High speed, noise and
huge fuel bills are the
hallmarks of today's fixed-
wingaircraft. The FanWing,
currentlytested as a
workingmodel prototype,
is an aircraft with near-
vertical take-offcapabilities
that serves as a quiet, slow
but fuel-effi cient, load-
carrying transporter. In an
intriguing innovation, the
designers have introduced
a large rotor along the
entire leading edge of the
wing. The engine directly
powers the rotor, which is
capableof producing both
liftand thrust as the cross-
flow fan pulls air in at the
front and accelerates it over
the trailing edge of the
wing. Wind-tunnel testing
reveals 15kg (33Ib) of lift per
horsepower, equivalent to a
payload capacity of 1 to 1.5
tonnes for a 100-
horsepower power unit.
Moreover, it is simple and
inexpensive to construct
and therefore offers an
economical air-transport
system for everything
from disaster relief
workto fire-fighting and
reconnaissance or traffic
monitoring. Preliminary
specifications for a three-
passenger version show it
weighing in at just 350kg
(77olb)emptyand having a
top speed of 60kmjh
(37mph), a wingspan of 10
metres (33ft) and a flying
time of ten hours.
/
FanWing,UK/Italy
3
16
0
Modelprototype
Various
34
1
Improvedfuel 328,
efficiency
3
29
Simple, low-cost
construction
Helios
The Helios is an enlarged
version of the Centurion
'flying wing' . It has a
wingspan of]5 metres
(247feet), which is two
and a half times that of
the Pathfinder flying wing
and longer than that
of a Boeing747jet.
AeroVironment's ambit ion
is to enable Helios to flyat
30,500 metres (lOO,OOOft)
continuously for twenty
four hours and at 15,259
metres (50,000ft) for four
days, all under solar power.
This aircraft is known as an
uninhabited aerial vehicle
(UAV) and is suitable for
remote sensi ng and
reconnaissance with a
multiplicityof applications
for recording the weather,
changes in vegetation
cover and military
operat ions.
/
NASA, Dryden Research 304,
Center, USA,with
3
06
AeroVironment,
lnc., USA
0
NASADrydenFlight
304,
Research Center, USA,
3
06
withAeroVironmen.t ,
lnc., USA
Photavaltaicmodules,
34'
lightweight metalsand
composites
Zero emissions
329
Renewable energy
/
AxelThallemer, Festa
3
16
Corporate Design,
Germany
0
Prototype, Festa,
3
16
Germany
.-
Various
34
'
(}
Energyefficiency
3
29
Reductioninair
pollution
Air
BabyStingray
Microlights and hang
gliders are a familiar sight
but the Baby Stingray
makes a step change
for small, lightweight,
aeroplane travel. Asingle
inflatable wing, spanning
13m(42ft lin), provides an
aerodynamic, muscle-like
structure whose shape
can be altered by inflating
or deflating internal
compartments within the
wing to provide directional
cont rol. Alarger version is
current lybeing tested for
potential passenger use.
It is a hybrid design, a post-
modern airship, which
uses helium gas to provide
extra lift to the 'wing' and
has potentially high fuel
efficiency.
Trent 700
Rolls Royce, General
Electric and Pratt and
Whitney dominate engine
manufacturing for
aeroplanes. Rolls Royce
have taken the lead in
producing a fuel-efficient,
lightweight and low-cost jet
engine. Weight reduction
was achievedwith titanium
fan blades comprising three
sheets in close proximity,
which were subjected
to heat, causing flowof
material and bridging
between the layers to form
a honeycomb structure.
Other innovations include
'growing' metal by
cont rolled cooling of the
molten alloyin the mould
to align all the molecules in
one direction, forming an
extremelystrong single
crystal. The turbine blades
are made of this metal,
which can operate at almost
twice the melting point of
normal crystalline metal.
At hree-shaft design is also
more efficient and easier
to maintain and upgrade.
Aeroplanes with Trent
engines, such as the Airbus
A330, can carry more
passengers for the same
fuel consumption.
. I
e
I
.. [) I
,
" ' ..-.. -. ' .. " ,'I
. ' r:
: ~ . .\ .... ~ -:-."'>-' :
~ . . . , I
~ : : . :
/
Rolls Royce, UK 3
23
e
RollsRoyce, UK 3
23
Various 34'
o
Reductionoffossilfuel 328 ,
consumption 3
29
Reduction ofair
pollution
-'
Water
Solarshuttle 66
(Helio)and RA82
KopfAG are pioneers
in developing solar-
poweredferries for
inlandwaterways, The
Solarshuttle 66, otherwise
known as the Helio, is a
scaled-up version of a
ferry, which has operated
betweenGaienhofen,
Germany, and Stoeckborn,
Switzerland, since 1998.
With a maximum speed of
24
kmjh
(lsmph), the Helio
can operate for up to eight
hours fromthe bank of 24
batteries without needing
a recharge from the
photovoltaic panels, The
even larger RA82 has a
capacityof 120 passengers
DrHerbert Stark, Kapj
310
c-
AG, Germany
0
KopjAG,Germany
3
19
'-
Stainlesssteel, teakwood,
34
0
photovoltaics, batteries
Q
Zeroemissions
3
29
'--- Solarpower
and is in service in
Hamburg and Hannover.
Low operating costs and
negligible environmenta l
impacts could popularize
this transport mode in
urban areas served by
waterways and in
ecologically sensitiveareas.
Water
RA
RA is a zero-emissions,
solar-powered boat, which
is ideal for freshwater
transport where the
pollution of conventional
diesel or petrol motor
boats is damaging to water
quality. Built to a high
specification using
Burmese teak and stainless
steel, it contains raw
materials that are extremely
durable, low-maintenance
and 100 per cent
recyclable. Greenpeace,
the international NGO,
assisted in obtaining the
construction materials.
An added benefit of the
solar generat ion and
electric motor system is
its quietness of operat ion,
making it a more fitting
companion for aquatic
wildlife.
Kopj AG, Germany
KopjAG,Germany
Stainless steel, teakwood,
photovolta;es, batteries
Solarpower
Durability
Zero emissions
De Eurobank
Baccarne produce a range
of outdoor/ publicseat ing
excl usively from recycled
plastics, a mix of
polypropylene, polyvi nyl
chloride and polyethylene
obtained from post-
production waste streams
such as window-frame
manufact uring. Planks and
sheeting provide basic yet
tough functional furniture.
/
Baccame Design,
3
04
Belgium
., Baccamebvba, Belgium
3
13
Recycledpolypropylene,
295
polyvinylchloride and
polyethylene
Recycledmaterials
327
Furniture
Treetr unk bench
Droog Design was
commissioned bythe
KulturstiftungDessau
Wurlitzto create products
for the seventeenth-century
castle of Oranienbaum and
its environs, in a depressed
part of former East
Germany. Bey brings a
surrealist moment to
woodland walkers with
his wittybench fashioned
from local cut timber and
cast -bronze chair backs.
/
JurgenBey, Droog 304,
Design, Netherlands
3
06
e
One.off, smallbatch 306,
production, Droog
3
15
Design/ DMD,
Netherlands
Wood,bronze
339
Renewable, loco! 327,
materials
32
8
Low-energyfabrication
Furniture
Navigator series
Ecologic produce a diverse
range of indoor and
outdoor furn iture us ing a
variety of recycled plastics
or plastic co mpos ites .
The Navigator picn ic
ta ble ser ies includes an
extra-long slatted to p of
ECOlumber, which pe rmits
wheelchair access adjacent
to the conventional fixed
benches. Solid recycled
plastic forms the resilient
base for the to p and
benches. ECO+Plus indoor
Sofanco
Ston e is a mo st durab le
natural mate rial. Oscar
Tusq uets Blanca has
captured t he strength of
this materia l but rendered
it in a fluid, orga nic form
to create a design of
great poten t ial longevity,
albeit requiring moderat e
energy input dur ing
manu factu ring.
bed room and living-room
furn iture mixes solid
woo d and Environ?' , a
biocomp osit e of recycled
paper an d soy flour.
/
Ecologic, USA
3
15
.,
Ecologic, USA
3
1
5
Recycledplastic
295
Recycledmaterials
3
2
]
/
OscorTusquets Blanco
3
05
e
Escofet, Spain
3
16
Stainlesssteel,
295
reinforcedcast stone
Natura', inorganic
3
28
materials
Street furniture
Small and medi um-s ized
enterprises (SMEs) ten d
to be local employers
and make an importan t
contr ibut ion to the
furn itu re manufacturing
indu st ry. People skilled in
craft and indu st rial sm all-
bat ch prod uction typifY
t hese companies .
Pendlewood is such a
co mpa ny operat ing in the
north-west of England.
All tim ber cons umed is
recycled, reclaimed or
from sustainably managed
forests and tends to
come from local so urces.
/
Pendiewood, UK
3
22
.,
Pendlewood, UK
3
22
Hardwoods
339
Recycled, reclaimedor
32]
surtainablesources of
timber
o
Publicseating
Injection moulding is a
process usually associated
with single materials
but in this case a bespoke
biosynthetic composite
material was used,
comprising 60 per cent
ALERT ' Moistureshield'
lOPE and cedar pulp, 40
per cent polypropylene and
wood flour. This design
demonstrates the potential
of mixingplant derivatives
with plastics but does raise
questions about recycling
and/or dispos al at the end
of the product's life.
Dani/ea81ejerand Saskia 305
Bostelmann, Mexico
Prototype
LOPE, cedarpulp, 34'
polypropylene, waod
flour
Reductioninuseof 328
synthetic materials
Photovoltaicumbrella
Atilting mechanism allows
the umbrella to be angled
to capture the maximum
amount of energyas well
as shading from sunlight
on the photovoltaic panels.
Batteries are housed in a
planter that doubles as
seating and contains
lighting for night-time
illumination.
/
Cinzia Abbateforthe
3
04
ItalianEnergyAuthority
0
Prototype
Photovoltaics, batteries
34
0
Solar-powered,
3
29
multifunctional public
seatingandshading
SINEseat
Extruded plastic lumber
provides the catalyst for
this innovative public
seating, which can be
fabricated to bespoke
lengths and curvatures
depending on the client' s
requirements . Two styles of
cast aluminium frame, one
with a backrest, permit
further customization.
Achieving similar results in
hardwood would prove
more costly. Utilizing the
recycled plastic also means
that expensive resources
are released for more
valued activit ies.
/
VKa(CPartnership, UK
3
11
0
VKa(CPartnership, UK
3
11
Recycledplastics,
295
aluminium
Recycledandrecyclable
327
materials
Furniture
ComPoint
/
Landmark Designfor
3
08
Public, Switzerland,Jor
SwisscomAG
0
Landmark Designf or
3
08
Public, Switzerland
Various 34
1
Modulardesign
3
28
Designfordisassembly
Wall-mo unte d and open
or cove red free-s tan ding
communicat ions units,
equi ppe d wit h te lephon e
and informat ion syste ms ,
are assembled from basic
mo dules according to th e
services required. All
co mpone nts are des igned
for disassembl y, repair
and /or recycling. Com Point
is suitable for indoor and
outdoor use and offers a
wide range of customizable
options .
A cel lular tra nsce iver
connects t his
communications poi nt
to a cellular-tele phone
networ k. The call box is
powered by a 12Vbatt ery
fed by a phot ovolt aic pan el
mount ed on top of th e
me ta l pole. It is suita ble
for remot e locat ions and
for em ergen cy services
on highways .
Solar callbox
/
Comarco Wireless
3
1
4
Technologies, USA
0
CamarcoWireless
3
1
4
Technologies, USA I(
Polycarbanate,
34
0
phatovaltaics, steel,
battery
Solarpower
3
2
9
/
Environmental Polymers
3
16
Group, UK
.,
Environmental Polymers
3
16
Group, UK
Epochrecycled plastic
293
Recycled materials
3
27
and fixed just like wood
but is impervious to most
cor ros ive su bstances.
Epoch
Epoch is a du rabl e, t ough
mat erial made of 100 per
cent-recycled HDPE and
LDPE, offering similar
properti es to ti mb er,
me tal and conc rete. EPP
ma nufactu re a wide range
of st reet furniture includin g
benches, sea ting, picnic
t ables, plante rs, litter
bins, fenci ng, sig nage and
window boxes made wit h
Epoch, which ca n be sawn
Furniture
Metronomis
Anewrange of street
lightingbyPhilips is
speciallydesigned for
energy-saving lamps and
lowmaintenance. Modular
components are durable
and vandal-proof and
permit different design
permutations according to
customers' preferences.
Philips Design.
3
0
9
Netherlands
0
PhilipsElectronics.
3
22
Netherlands
Photovoltaicarray,
295
stainless andgalvanized
steel, acrylic
(}
Solarpower
3
2
9
Lowmaintenance
Lighting
Lumalux"
Designed for exterior
lighting, the Lumalux" is
the first high-pressure
sodium lamp to eliminate
all mercury and lead
during construction to
provide significantly
cleaner production and
reduce dispersal of toxic
substances upon disposal.
Osram Sylvania estimate
this could save up to
iyokg (3301 b) of mercury
and 14tonnes of lead
annually. The Lumalux"
Plus lamp readily meets
the Federal hazardous
waste regulations as it
contains go per cent
less mercurythan the
standard Lumalux" and
is constructe d with a lead-
free welded base.
/
Osram Sylvania, 310,
Germanyand USA
3
21
0
OsramSylvania, 310,
GermanyandUSA
3
21
Various
339
(}
Lowmercurycontent 328,
Cleanerproducti on
3
29
/
RoyFleetwood, UK
3
06
e
YKKArchitectural
3
26
Products, Inc.,Japan
Aluminium
polycarbonate, solarcells
(}
Solarpower
329
Lighting
----
of the banal visual
language of traditional
st reet lamp designs.
/
Ecke: Design, Germany 306
.,
UweBraunGmbH,
3
2
5
Germany
Photovoltaicpanel, glass,
34
0
metal, batteries
(}
Renewable power
3
29
source
Designers, challenged to
use renewable energy
sources to power street
lighting, have eloquently
met the challenge with
this striking lamp by Ecke:
Design. Tucan integrates
the capacityto generate
electricity from the
sun with the need to
radiate light. Here is an
opportunity to rid ourselves
Tucan
...
polycarbonate diffuser to
create the clean lines of
this newgeneration of
street lighting. Batteries
in the base of the upright
are capable of lighting the
18-watt fluorescent lamp
for seven days wit hout
a recharge.
Power generation using
solar cells offers an
opportunityto re-examine
the design parameter s for
familiar objects. Inthis
case the rectilinear shape
of the 3S-cell solar array
was the prime component
in configuring the
Street Light F
Almere low-cost
housing. Netherl ands
Standard 12m (40ft) steel
shipping containers form
the basic structural
framework, enabling rapid
construction of low-cost
housing. Reuse of an
industrial component for
distribution as a static
component in the built
environment is a large-
scale attempt to extend
the functionality of a
manufactured product.
Examination of the
embodied energyof
materials and the
energyconsumed during
construction and running
costs will reveal whether
this is trulya useful
housing concept with
reduced environmental
impacts.
HenkTilder, architect,
3
10
Netherlands
0
Various
Shippingcontainers
34
0
Reuseofexisting
3
28
containers
BRE, New
Envi ronme nt al Office
Designed to use 30 per
cent less energy than
current 'bes t practice' in
the UK, this building can
accommodate over a
hundred people. Cooling
is achieved by natura l
automatic ventilation at
night combined with
ground water pumped
through the concrete floors
and ceilings, which has
an efficiency of 1kWh
output for pumpin g to
an equivalent 12-1 6 kWh
cooling energy input.
Timber and steel are the
primary materials for the
structure and originate
predominantly from
recycled sources . Thanks
to a combination of
the thermal mass of the
building, nat ural cooling
and automated monitoring
systems, the building
regulates its own climate.
FeildenCleggArchitects,
3
06
BuroHappa/d, and Max
Fordham a( Partners,
UK
0
Variouscontractors
Various
34
0
Lowenergy
3
28
consumption
Increasedusageof
materialsfrom recycled
sources
Fred
Although the concept is
not new, Fred is a portable
building with some special
features. The basic room
unit is 3 x3 x3 metres (27
cubic metres, 953 cubic ft)
but the floor area can be
doubled to 18 square
met res (1 94 square feet)
bytaking advantage of
sliding wall/roof elements ,
which are electronically
cont rolled. Each unit is
equipped with a kitchen,
toilet and shower and an
area available for multi-
purpose use, but the basic
utility services have to be
connected . Afully glazed
Exhibit ion hall
Imagine a building of
3,600s q m (38,750sq ft)
floor capacitymade mainly
of paper and cardboard.
Impossible? Not in the
hands of Shigeru Ban,
the Japanese architect
and designer with over
two decades' experience
of working with these
materials to produce
furniture and hous ing for
disaster relief projects.
The building premiered at
EXPO2000 in Hanover,
where it became the first
public building in the world
wall provides excellent
natural light and thick
insulation in the walls and
roof minimizes energy
consumption.
/
KFNKaufmannProdukt
3
08
GmbH, Germany
.,
Zimmerei Michael
3
08
Kaufmann, Germany
laundryroom. All
greywater is reused to
irrigate the garden after
it has been passed
through a sand fil ter. Thi
project is a blueprint for
a seventy-six-unit urban
village with sun terraces
planned for London by
the PeabodyTrust, a
charitable organization
that has, since Victorian
times, been concerned
with raising the social
and environme ntal
standards of British
urban housi ng.
BillDunsterArchitecls.
MarkLovell,andOscar
Faber, UK
Various
Various
o Integratedenergy-
efficient home,
workspace and
domestictransport
system
Waterconservation
system
DesignSense award,
1999
Hooke ParkTraining
Centreand
Westminster Lodge
Untreat ed rou ndwood , of
diameter 50mm to 25
0 mm
(aboutl !5to l in) - the
thinnings from forestry
ma nage ment - forms the
basic const ruction material
for unique orga nic form s
of architecture that ta ke
advantage of the nat ural
properties of the timber.
The Hooke Park Training
Cent re is a large, free-sp an
space hous ing workshops
for The Parnham Trust ,
whose college provide s
training in furniture de sign
with emphasis on us ing
indigenous timber.
/
JohnMakepeaceand
3
07
ather'.i, HookeForest
(Construction) Ltd, UK
0
Hooke Forest
3
07
(Construction) Ltd, UK
Roundwoodtimber
339
o
Useof timberfrom
327
locai sourcesfor
construction
SU-SI
Many peopl e as sociate
mo bile or t railer homes
with hol iday parks and
du bious lifestyles. Not so
this custom izabl e twe nty-
first-ce nt ury modul ar hom e
system, which can be
erected on site with in a
Model Buildings
few hours and is easi ly
disassembled and reuse d
in ano the r locat ion. The
factory-produced modul es
meas ure 12.5 x 3.5 x 3
metres (41 x uft 6in x 9ft
roin}, each one interl ocking
with the next to create
vers at ile domest ic, office
or exhibit ion s paces.
/
KFN Kauf mann Produkt
3
08
GmbH, Germany
0
Zimmerei Michael
3
08
Kaufmann, Germany
Various
34
1
frame of the bui lding
is from steel , both
Freshwatergenerator
327 ,
withrenewablepower 328 ,
recyclable. Recyclable
Lawembodiedenergy
3
29
polythene covers the st eel
andrecyclable
frame and hel ps
materials
Q.
First prize, DesignSense
33
2
award, '99 9
@
Model Buildings
UNHCRshelter
In1995the United Nations
HighCommission for
Refugees adopted Shigeru
Ban's design for temporary
shelters made from 110
waterproofedcardboard
tubes. His easy-to-
assemble structures were
used in Rwanda and, with
modificationsto suit local
needs, in the aftermath of
the Kobe earthquake.
/
Shigeru Ban.j apan 3
04
0
VitraAG, Switzerland
3
26
Cardbaard, 288-9
wate'Praofingagents
0
Renewable materials 327,
Lowenergy of
3
28
manufacturing.
transport andossembly
Reusable buildings
WeobleySchools
Sustainable
Develop ment
WeobleySchools energy
managemen t system is
a test-bed to extend the
sustainable energy
initiatives of a local
aut horityin response to
Local Agenda 21. Aholistic
approach led to a
wood-fuel boiler, using
locally harvested coppice
roundwood, which was
chosen on the grounds
that it was the most
sustainable system. The
coppice suppliers are
paid according to the
heat output of the wood
(suppl ied as chips)
rather than the quantity,
encouraging quality
supplies. Insulation is
to very high standards
coupled with computerized
monitoring of the under-
floor heating and internal
environment of the
building work in tandem
with passive design
features including solar
shading, daylighting and
natural ventilation. The
net effect is a veryenergy-
efficient public building
using local resources .
/
Hereford", Worcester
3
07
CountyCouncil,UK
0
Variouscontractors
Biomassf uelfrom
339
coppice
Energyconservation
3
28
Energygeneration
usingbiomassfuels
Model Buildings
Airtecture
Weighing just 6 tonnes
and easily packed on to a
road vehicle for transport,
Festo's portable building
comprises a protected
floor space of over 357sqm
(3,81Osq ft). This is
achieved bysupporting
an inflatable cross-beamed
roof on two rows of
inflatable, r -shaped
columns. Stiffness is
given to thin cavitywall
panels by tensioning them
with pneumatic muscles,
which contract to oppose
the effect of the wind. Air
is the main insulator to
assist with internal climate
control.
/
Festa, Germany
3
16
0
Festa, Germany
3
16
Various
339
Reductionof resource 327,
consumption
3
29
comparedwith
conllentiona//y
constructedbuildings
ofequal size
Reusable andportable
buildingwith
multifUnctionalsingle
space
Ecoverfactory,
Oost malle, Belgium
Project
Growth of Ecover's
business in the early '990S
required an expansion of
the existing factorynear
Antwerp, Belgium. Using
an ecological grading
system, devised bythe
University of Eindhoven,
building materials were
selected for their minimal
environmental impact.
Structural timber was
obtained from sustainably
managed forests and bricks
from a clay-based residue
from the coal industry
provided high-insulation
material. Ahuge multi-
ridged turf roof covers the
5.30osq m (57,o50sq ft)
building, providing
excellent insulation,
controlling storm-water
runoff and helping
integrate the factoryinto
the local landscape. In
line with the company's
philosophy of balancing
commerce wit h social
and environmental
concerns , the factory
has been developed to
enhance conditions for the
workforce. Many roof-lights
create natural lighting and
there are solar-powered
showers for the workforce.
/
University of Eindhoven 311,
(Building Initiative
3
'
5
Environmental
Sklndards),
Netherlands, with
Ecover, Belgium
0
Variouscontractors
Various natural
339
materials, tuifraoJ,
bricksfrom clay-residue
Tuifroafforenergy 327,
conservationand
3
29
storm-waterrunoff
control
UseoflocoImaterial s
fromsusklinable
sources wherepossible
Naturallighting
BedZEDHousing
BedZEDis a pioneering
mixed-use and mixed-
tenure development of
housing, workspace and
publicareas, which is
being const ructed on
an old sewage works,
a ' brownfield' site, in
Beddington, Sutton,
south of London.
Thewhole scheme is
designed to meet exacting
environmental, social and
financial requirements.
Architect Bill Dunster and
environmental consultants
BioRegional have, in
collaboration with the
client, the PeabodyTrust,
adopted a holistic view
of the local needs of the
intended community,
including a green transport
systemwhichwas actually
builtinto the planning
permissionand ratifiedby
the localauthority. BedZED
hopes to cut total fossil fuel
consumption to about
halfthat of a conventional
development by reducing
the need to travel between
living, work, health-care,
shopping and recreational
facilities. Reduced
transport impacts are also
encouraged by promoting
good networking with
existing train, bus and tram
services and by providing
decent bicyclestorage
facilities, attract ive
pedestrian links and on-site
charging points for electric
vehicles. There is a ten-year
target to produce enough
solar electricityon-site
to power fortyelectric
vehicles. Materials for the
eighty-two flats and houses
for sale and rent have
been selected from natural,
renewable or recycled
sources, mainlynear by.
Each dwelling is an
energy-efficient design
using passive solar gain
and a high insulation
specification, including
triple-glazed windows. A
central combined heat and
power-generation facility
will utilize on-site tree
waste to provide all the
development's heat and
electricity requirements.
Further on-site generation
from photovoltaics will
make this the first large-
scale 'carbon neutral'
development in Europe.
Water conservation will be
encouraged by providing
up to 18 per cent of on-site
cons umption from stored
rainwater and recycled
water and by installing
water-effici ent appliances.
/
BillDunsterand
3
04
BiaRegional
0
Variouscontractors
Vorious, especially
339
locallvsourced
(}
Zero-energy
32
8
development
'Carbonneutral'
int egratedtrampon
plan
Sociallymixedhousing
R/BAaward, 'best
333
exampleofsustainable
construction', 20 0 0
Building Products
Faswall"
Apost-and-beam
structural grid is created
byfilling wall forms with
reinforced concrete. Wall
forms are manufactured
using X ~ recycled wood
waste chips. The entire
wall structure, known
as Faswall'", comprises
up to 85 per cent K-X
Aggregate (fromwaste
Eco-shake"
Made of 100 per cent-
recycledmaterials,
reinforced vinyl and
cellulose fibre, ceo-shake"
shingles are available in
four colour shades
designed to mimic
weathered wooden shakes.
The shakes qualifyunder
strict fire-rating, wind
and rain resistance and
impact tests .
/
Re-NewWood, USA
3
23
4)
Re-NewWood, USA
3
2
3
Recycledwood, recycled
339
plastics
~
Recycledmaterials
3
27
wood) bound with
Portland cement
(cont aining up to 15 per
cent fly ash content
byvolume). Afinished
Faswall shows good
R-values (thermal
insulation) of between
18 to 24 and it is an
excellent sound barrier
and substrate for drywall
or direct finishes.
Standard blockmaking
equipment permits local
manufacturing of
Faswall" components.
/
K-X Industries, USA
3
19
4)
K-XIndustries, USA
3
19
Wastewoodandflyash,
339
Portlandcement
~
Partiallyrecycledand
3
27
renewablecontent
Criss Cross
Makinga weclome change
fromthe ubiquitous
rectangular paving block,
the Criss Cross paving
system comprises four
different forms that can be
interlocked in regular or
random patterns.
Glindower Ziegelei still
fires these blocks in a kiln
dating from 1870. Natural
variation in the clay
minerals yields a range of
colours and textures.
Eck; Design, Germany
3
06
0
GlindawerZiegelei
3
'
7
GmbH, Germany
Clayminerals
295
Q
Abundant geosphere
3
2
7
materials
q.
iFDesignAward, 20 0 0
33
2
LockClad terracotta
rainscreen
Combining the aesthetics
and durabilityof fired
claytiles with ease of
installation, this rainwater
cladding on aluminium
rails is a cost-effective
method of protecting the
exterior of a building from
the elements. Eachclaytile
is locked in place on an
extruded aluminium rail,
LockRai l, which meets all
UKand Irelandwind
loadings. This minimal-
maintenance , lightweight
cladding permits extra
insulation materials to be
applied to the outer skin
of the building's structure,
improving energy
conservation. Natural
ventilation behind the
clay tiles and protection
from the sun reduce
temperature variations in
the load-bearing st ructure.
Building Products
Ersgoldbacher Linea
These tiles are designed
to interlockwith a minor
overlap to minimize
quant ity of materials per
square metre, reduce laying
time and provide greater
security in high winds.
Sinter tempering toughens
the tile, making it very
durable and suitable for
commercial and domestic
applications. It is rainproof
at roof angles of up to
25degrees.
/
Erlus BaustoffwerkeAG,
3
16
Germany
0
Erlus BaustoffwerkeAG,
3
16
Germany
;I
Sinter-temperedclay
295
Q
Abundant geosphere
3
27
.
material
3
28
Reduct ioninresource
useandenergyfor
transport
q.
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award,2000
/
RedBonk Manufacturing
3
23
Company, UK
0
RedBankManufacturing
3
2
3
Company, UK
;I
Clay, aluminium
295
Q
Durable, recyclable
3
2
9
materials
Improvedenergy
conservationfor
buildings
N
n
:::r
;:;:
(l)
<::
ii1
Building Products
Majestic Slate
Guaranteed to last a
minimum of fiftyyears,
these lightweight slates,
weighing just over o.gkg
(about l ib) each, are made
of 100 per cent-recycled
rubber with added plastics
to improve durability.
These slates can be easi ly
cut with a knife and are
installed by nailing in the
traditional manner and,
being flexible, are not
susceptible to damage.
/
fcostar, USA
3
15
e
fcostar, USA
3
15
Recycledrubber, 283,
polymers
295
Recycledmaterials
3
2
7
Authentic Roof"
Moulded to mimic natural
weathered slates, Authentic
Roof " tiles are made of
100 per cent-recycled
rubber with polymers
added to prolong the
lifespan. Installation is
similar to conventional
materials.
/
Crowe Building
3
1
4
Products. USA
0
CroweBuilding
3
'
4
Products. USA
Recycled rubber, 28
3
polymers
295
Recycledmaterials
327
SunPipe
Natural daylight provides a
more relaxingspectrum of
light for human vision than
artificial light sources but,
more importantly, reduces
energyconsumption in
work spaces. SunPipe is
a system of conveying
natural sunlight from
rooftops into buildings.
Eight different vers ions are
available in the SunPipe
range but the components
are similar - a trans parent
dome of UV-protected
polycarbonate is held on
the roof by an ABS/ acryl ic
universal flashing. Below
the dome is a tube made of
Reflectalite 600. silverized
coated aluminium
sheeting with 96 per cent
reflectance. Four standa rd-
diameter tubes, 330mm
up to 600 mm (1 3-24in)
and a range of elbowjoints
permit light to be directed
into the required space(s).
Azoomm-diarneter (8in)
version is being developed
for domestic spaces.
Averticallyorientated
SunPipe of 330mm can
deliver 890 Lux in full
summer sun and 430
Lux in overcast conditions
in the temperate Bri tish
climate, which is suffi cient
to provide natural daylight
to an area of approximately
' 4sq m (l SOSq ft). Doubling
the diameter of the pipe
roughlydoubles the Lux
delivered.
/
TerryPayne.
320
Monodraught Ltd. UK
.,
Monodrought Ltd. UK
3
20
ABS/ acryli c.
34
1
po/ycarbonate.
aluminium
Reduction inenergy
3
29
consumptionfor
lighting
BuildingProducts
/
Reginaldo Marinho,
3
08
Brazil
0
Prototype
Polycarbonate
295
Reusablebricks
327,
Reductionof materiols
3
28
requiredforsupporting
structures
Venetian blinds
Imagine an entire room
composed of windows
where the incoming flow
and mood of light can be
controlled using wooden
Venetian blinds. Matteo
Thun has created a 'Quiet
Room' in which the wall
and ceiling panels are
fully adjustable, manually
or automatically, using
elliptical cross -section
slats with a light and dark
side. Li ght-coloured
wood, such as basswood,
is bonded to darkwood,
such as blackwalnut,
negating the need to
introduce coloured
surface finishes but
relying on the natural
reflectivity, absorption
and colour range of the
raw materials.
/
MatteoThun, Italy
3
10
0
Prototypefor Hi-wood
3
15
projectcoordinatedby
the DomusAcademy
ResearchCentre, Italy,
andtheAmerican
Hardwoods Export
Council, USA
Hardwoods
339
Renewablematerials
327 ,
Solarlightandwarmth
3
2
9
control
easily incorpor ated in the
external face of the ' brick'.
Although further work
is required to develop
this innovation it appears
to offer considerable
potential.
assem ble and disassemble
structures, so each
Construcel is readily
reusable and offers
possibilities for temporary
buildings for disaster relief
work. Photovoltaics are
construcel
For millenniabricks for the
construction of buildings
h ve been designed around
v: riations on a basic solid
or hollowrectangular form.
While it is possible to apply
rectangular bricks to some
spectacular architectural
structures, vaulted ceilings
being a classic example,
the overriding tende ncy is
to construct rectilinear
structures. Marinho' s
triangular prism of
polycarbonate, Construcel,
offers an opportun ityto
reconsider the humble role
of bricks in buildings. Each
Construcel is an open-
sided triangular box, which
can be bolted to the next
one and so on to create
a variety of built forms.
Rectilinear structures are
easilyconstructed but this
plastic brick is especially
suited to large curved
spans, such as those
requiredfor open-span
buildings for sport,
exhibitions and similar
uses, as it does not require
anysupport ing steelwork
or concrete. It is quickto
/
TrusJoist MacMillan
3
25
(1]M), USA
.,
TrusJoist MacMillan
3
25
171M), USA
Rubber,recycledrubber 28
3
Recycled andrecyclable 327,
materials
3
28
Cleanproduction
process
Modena
This velour carpeting range
is available in seventy-five
different colours, yet is
made with a clean
technology product ion in
which all raw mater ials
must be free of harmful
substances and wastage
is 80 per cent less than in
previous techno logies.
Texback" forms an allergy-
free backing fabric while
the ecofix'" Velcro enables
carpets to be fitted without
using adhesives.
/
Designteam, Harneln,
3
0 6
Germany
.,
Vorwerk11( Co.,
3
2 6
TeppichwerkeGmbH11(
Co. KG, Germany
Various naturaland
339
syntheticmaterials
Cleanproduction 32],
Recycledcontent
3
28
Closed-loopproduction
Dalsouple
Dalsouple manufacture
standard and bespoke
rubber flooring tiles in a
huge varietyof colours and
surface text ures which are
100 per cent recyclable.
All Dalsouple rubber
is free from PVC, CFCs,
formaldehyde and
plasticizers. Production
waste is virtuallyall
recycl ed within the
manufacturing plant and
emissions meet local
statutory requirements .
Service partners to
Dalsouple include Uzin
Adhesives, who offer water-
based and solvent-free
adhes ives including
polyurethane and epoxy
resins.
/
Dalsouple Direct, UK
3
14
e
Dalsouple Direct, UK
3
14
Syntheticandnatural 28
3
rubbers
Recyclable 32],
Clean, chlorine-free
3
28
productionprocess
Evergreen
Interface were the first
companyworldwide to
introduce a system of
officecarpet ing in which,
as manufacturers, they
retained ownership of the
product. When the product
is worn or needs repairing,
the company takes it back
for repair and cleaning or
for reshredding to use in
manufacturing newcarpet
tiles.
/
Interface, USA
3
18
.,
Interface, USA
3
18
Various
339
Reuse, recycling 32] ,
Leasedproducttake-
330
back
Flooring
/
RitvaPuotila, Finland
3
09
e
Woodnotes Oy, Finland
3
26
Wood(cellu/ose) fibre
339
(}
Renewableand
3
2]
recyclablematerials
refined natural hardwood
fibres, which are sintered in
a patented manufacturing
process. This material is
easyto work but is tough,
Class 1 Fire Rated, durable
and easy to maintain. And
it is completely recyclable.
/
MatrixComposites, l nc.,
3
20
USA
.,
MatrixComposites, Inc., 320
USA
2]9
(}
Renewable materials
32]
Recyclable
Made ra"
Matrix Composites spent
fiveyears developing
l.ignasil'", the composite
'bio-alloy' from which
Madera" solidflooring tiles
are made, Lignasil" is a
high-density thermal
insulator, made from
Forbo-Nairn is the largest
linoleum manufacturer in
Europe, supplying up to
25 millionsq m (269
millionsq ft) per annum.
Marrnoleurn" Iinoleums
have much lower
emissions and lower
acidificationoutput than
PVCfloorings or carpeting.
The Marrnoleum" Real
is available in thirty-
sixcolourways and
Marmoleum"' Fresco in
twelve marbled colourways.
/
Forbo-Nalm Ltd,UK
3
16
e
Forbo-NairnLtd,UK
3
16
Linseedoil,pineresins,
339
woodflour,cork,
minera/fillers,jute
(}
Renewable mat erials 32] ,
andabundant non-
3
2
9
renewables
Reductioninemissions
andtoxins
Non-toxic
Marmol eum
Real/Fresco
Truelinoleum is a
heavy.duty, durable,
allergenic floor covering
containing at least 30 per
cent linseed oil from flax
or similar renewable oils
fromplants. Linoleums are
predominantlyconstituted
fromnatural rawmaterials
such as linseed oil, rosin,
woodflour and chalk,
whichare bonded under
heat and pressure to a
backing of jute (or
occasionally polyester).
Papertex
Acotton-likeyarn is
produced from wood fibre
forming the warp in the
woven Papertexcarpet.
This tightly bound weave is
hard-wearing and easy to
clean and sits well withthe
modern Scandinavian
aesthetic.
#
SmithII{ Fong 324
Company, USA
0
Smith II{ Fong 324
Company, USA
Bamboo, adhesives 281,
287,
299
Renewable material 3
2
7
/
Interface, lnc., USA
3
18
0
Interface, inc., USAf
3
18
InterfaceEurope-Asia
Pacific, UK
Various
339
Recycledand
3
27
renewablecomponents
Reykjavik
This domesti c and offi ce
carpeting solution from
Interface, the third largest
carpet manufacturer in the
world, uses a combination
of renewable natural fibres
mixed with a recycled
synthetic component.
The basic component of all
this company's product s is
strips of bamboo measur ing
0.5x1.9 x183cm(3/1 6 x3/4
x 72in), which are extremely
durable. These strips can be
bent, woven and laminated
as required for flooring,
interior decoration/ fitti ngs
and furniture. Four-, two-
and one-plylaminates are
available.
PLYBOO
/
HugoZumbuhl and
3' 0
PeterBirifelder,
Teppich-an-Team,
Switzerland
0
Anstolten Thorberg,
3' 2
Switzerland
Dupont Surlvn",
295
mineralfi lledethylene
copolymer
(}
Cleonproduction
32
8
Stratica
Stratica is a laminated
flooring product
comprising a verytough,
durable wear layer of
chlorine-free, ionomer
coating, DuPont Surlyn",
a printed layer, a backing
layer to the print and a
final bottom layer. Surlyn"
is the finishing material on
golf balls. Stratica is
naturallyflexible but
doesn't use plasticizers
and is free of Volatile
Organic Compounds
(VOCs). Over forty-fi ve
different 'natural' surfaces
can be mimicked in the
printing process, from
stone to marbles, granites,
terrazzos and woods, plus
Silencio 6
This is a special 6mm-thick
(about '/4in) fibreboard
composed of 100 per cent-
waste softwood fibre,
which provides good
attenuat ion against impact
sound and insulation as an
underlay for wooden and
laminate floating floors.
Colorett e, Linorett e,
Linodur, Marmorett e,
UniWalton
This diverse range of
linoleum products is
fabricated from natural
ingredients, such as
linseed oil, with minerals
including chalk bonded
with heat and pressure to
a jute or hemp backing.
/
ArmstrongWorld
3
12
Industries, inc., USA
e
ArmstrongWorld
3' 2
Industries, inc., USA
Linseedoil,j/ax, pine
339
Recycledsoftwoodfibre
339
(}
Wastereduction
327,
Recycled, recyclable
3
28
materials
/
Duralay, UK
0
Duralay, UK
Recycledtyres, latex, 28
3
Baclocorpolyjute
~
Recycledmaterials 32] ,
Conservationof landfill
330
space
/
SmartDeckSystems, 324
USA
0
SmartDeckSystems/ US 324,
Plastic Lumber, USA 3
2
5
Compositewood 339
~
Recycledmaterials 32]
gives extra st ren gt h to the
und erlay. Other grades
use a mixed bac king of jute
and plast ic.
This decking is a
composite material using
oak fibre and recycled
polyethylene w ~ foam ing
compounds and additives.
Contai ning ove r go per
cent-recycled materials by
weight , it is very mo isture-
res istant and durable.
It also weathers like
co nvent iona l wood but
without any associated
rotting.
Smart Deck
Super Duralay
Over 60,000 used car tyres
are processed eac h week
at a new Duralay plant to
provide the raw mat erial
for a range of rubber
crumb und erlays suitable
for carpets and wooden
flooring. Super Dura lay is
rated for heavy domest ic
use but oth er grades are
suitable for contract usage.
Bacloc, a woven backing of
pap er an d synthetic th read,
Flooring
Three-millimetre (1{8in)
venee r is bond ed to a
t hermoplast ic shell, which
is moulded to include
ducts for unde rfloor
serv ices and a met hod of
co nnecting eac h flooring
' block' . This system is
more funct ional than
st anda rd hardwood or
parqu et flooring , is
econo mical in its use
of veneer and can be
modified to suit bespoke
requir ements. Use of a
thermoplastic recyclate
would further boost t he
credentials of this system.
Underwood
/
MarcSadler 310
0
Prototypefor Hi-wood
3
06
proj ectcoordinatedby
the Domuskademy
Research Centre, Italy,
andtheAmerican
HardwoodsExport
Council,USA
HardwoodlIeneer,
339
thermoplastic
~
Modularsystem
32],
Reductioninuseof
3
28
hardwoodmaterials
Aquair lOO,
AquairU. W.
The Aquair 100 is a water
turbinethat can be towed
behind a sailing vessel. The
Aquair U. W. is designed to
be stationaryin a moving
bodyof water. At 6 knots
(3 metres or 10ft/ second)
the Aquair U.W. generates
6 amps at 12Vwhereas the
Aquair 100 generates 5
amps continuous charge.
Durable marine-grade
materials are used with
double' 0' seals and
hydraul icfluidin the
CUAD RO
Material inputs are
significantly reduced in
this aesthetically improved
design, which combines
the dual function of roofing
component and solar
collector. Traditionally
solar collectors have been
placed over existing roofing
surfaces. The main casing
is press-moulded using
Cigelit", which is a fully
recyclable material.
alternator bodyto provide
maintenance-free turbines.
AnAquair U.W. in a fast-
running strea m can
generate up to 2.4kWper
day.
/
AmpairLtd, UK
3' 2
,
.,
AmpairLtd, UK
3' 2
Marine.grade metals
295
andplastics
(}
Water-drivenpower
329,
generators
33
Energy Gener:ation
/
AstraPower, USA
3
12
.,
AstroPower, USA
3
12
Recycledsilicon,
295
aluminium
(}
Solar-power generator
327,
Recycledmaterials
3
29
Rut l and 913
Windcharger
Weighing just 13kg (28Ib),
this wind generator has a
twenty-year pedigree and
has been well proven in a
wide varietyof climates by
yachtsmen and scientific
researchers and for military
and telecommunications
operations . Continuous
electrical generation starts
at wind speeds of 5 knots
(5.75 mph). Durable
marine-grade materials are
combined with quality
engineering, units being
manufactured to ISO gOO1 .
/
Marlec Engineering
32
Company, UK
.,
MarlecEngineering
32
Company, UK
Stainlesssteel]
295
aluminium, glass-
reinforcedpolymer
(}
Renewable windpower
3
2
9
Energy Generation
AstroPower
Single crystal solar cells are
manufactured using silicon
wafers obtained from
recycled sources in the
semiconductor industry.
Such low-embodied-energy
cells are veryefficient
energyconverters and are
mounted in aluminium
frames, which fit industry-
standard devices for
tracking the movement of
the sun.
/
AstroPower, USA
3
12
.,
AstroPower, USA
3
12
Recycledsilicon,
295
aluminium
(}
Solar-powergenerator 327,
Recycledmoterials
3
2
9
Farm 2000 ' HT' boilers
Arange of high
temperature (HT) boilers
has been designed to
accommodate typical
biomass fuels availableon
the farm, such as circular
or l-tonne rectangular
straw bales, as well as
woodchips, cardboar d and
other combustible wastes.
Heat outputs varyfrom
20kWto 300kWdepending
on the boiler and the
equivalent electricitycosts
per kwh are between 25
and 33per cent of those of
kerosene oil or natural gas.
An upper refractoryarch
encourages complete
burning of gases, improves
the overall efficiencyand
minimizes atmos pheric
emissions. Annual or short-
rotation crops for biomass
fuels absorb carbon dioxide
that is released on burning,
so this cycleis neutral and
makes no net cont ribution
to the greenhouse effect.
Furl mat ic1803
This three-phase alternator
generates 340Wat
wind speeds of lOm/s
(35km/h or 22mph) but is
capable of generating
electricityfrom wind
speeds as lowas 3 ra]. It
provides sufficient output
for off-grid domestic
lighting and any remote
site requiring power for
lighting, pumping water or
low-voltage equipment. An
automatic system produces
a furling point at 15
met res/secon d to protect
the generator from damage
by excessivewinds. Other
automatic features include
an overcharge battery
protection device, which
stalls the turbine, and a
12V or 24Vcontroller unit.
This twin-blade turbine,
diameter 1.87m (6ft),
is mounted on a
minimum 6.5m (21ft)
tower. All components
are manufactured at an
ISO gOOl -compliant
factory.
/
Marlec Engineering
3
20
Company, UK
.,
Marlec Engineering
320
Company, UK
Stainless
295,
steel/aluminium, GRP
34
'
(}
Renewable windpower
3
29
/
TeisenProducts, UK
324
.,
TeisenProducts, UK
3
24
Steel
295
(}
Acarbon-dioxide
328,
neutral heatingsystem
3
29
BiomassjUels
obtainablelocally
Fils
ol
solar collector
Waterheating in buildings
intemperate climates can
bereadilysupplemented
byinstallationof a solar
collector. Sunlight enter s
the acryliccollector, which
transmits 89 per cent of
incident light, and heats a
'Stamax' absorber plate
madeofspeciallycoated
stainlesssteel. Colourless
oxides ofchromium,
nickel and iron provide an
absorptionof0.93ofthe
incident energy, transferring
it to anaqueous antifreeze
mixture running inchannels
inthe absorber plate. This
hot aqueous mixture is
pumpedwhenever its
temperature is higher than
thewater inthe hot-water
tank, wherefurther heat
exchangeens ues.
"
Filsol, UK 3
16
.,
Filsol, UK 3
16
Stainlesssteel, 295
aluminium, alloys,
acrylic, po/y-
isocvanurate foam
Reductioninenergy 3
29
requirementf or
waterheating
Enercon E-66
Windmills have entered a
newera. Borrowing from
aeronautical engineering,
designers have introduced
newfeatures to the
Enercon E-66 wind-
powered generator. A
tape red mast permits
better load distribution on
the 100-metre-high (330
feet) monster and the wing
tips are bent to reduce
turbulence and noise
pollution. It willtake twenty
years to pay back the
investment of [ 2.5 million
each and start generating
'free' energy but with their
capacityto supply1,200
homes, and a commitmen t
bythe European Union to
increase renewable energy
to 10 per cent of overall
power generation capacity
by 2010, more of these
generators are likelyto dot
the landscape in future.
"
Fo,' er<J{ Parlners, UK
3
06
.,
Prototype
Various
339
Windpowerrenewable
3
29
energygeneration
Plastics, wirecoils, 295
electronics, battery
Human power 329
Adr;an Crisan, Compaq, 3'4
USA
Prototype, Compaq, 314
USA
o
Various, batteryenergy
339
storage
(}
Renewable (human)
3
2
9
energygenerator
t ravels by gravity. The
system is capable of
savi ng up to 2kW of
power from each shower.
/
WaterFilmEnergy, USA
3
26
0
WaterFilm Energy, USA
3
26
Copper, insulation
295
(}
Energyconservation
3
29
Logamax plu s GB1l 2-19
(Linea)
This wall-mounted boiler
unit offers an output
capacityof between 9.6kW
and 19.1 kW. It uses an
effi cient ceramic burner to
provide more complete
combustion of the gas fuel,
resultingin emission levels
well under those specified
inthe German Bl ue Angel
eco-label scheme.
NSD(Non-Stop
Doors)
Anyrepetitive human
movement in our everyday
lives expends energy, some
of which can be captured
and stored for later use.
InpublicbUildings the act
of opening and passing
through doors is repeated
hundreds oftimes each
day. This human energy
IS transferredto stored
energy, which lights up
the frame of the door.
Potentiallythis improves
the eco'efficiency of each
individual as some of the
/
Buderus Heizteehnik
3' 3
GmbH, Germany
.,
Buderus Heizteehnik
3'3
GmbH, Germany
Steel, variousmetals
295
includi ngaluminium-
silicon alloy, ceramics
(burnerunit)
Energyefficient
3
2
9
BlueAngeleco-lobel
energyacquired from
primaryfood reserves is
recycled. But the real
advantage of this concept
is that renewable energy
is generated without
requiring any behavioural
or cultural changes
/
EmiliPadres, Barcelona,
3
09
Spain
.,
Conceptual design
Various, batteryenergy
339
storage
Renewable(human)
3
29
energygenerator
Logano Gt za
This free-standing boiler
unit offers an output
capacity of between
9kWand 34kW, making
it suitable for heating
single or multiple
dwellings. Akeyfeature
is the efficient ceramic
burner, which provides
more complete
combustion of the
natural or liquid gas
fuel, reducing emission
levels of nitrous oxides
and carbon monoxide
belowthe levels set by
the German Blue Angel
eco-label scheme.
Energy Generation
s::
'"
n
::r
::J
(l)
VI
/
Buderus Heizteehnik
3'3
GmbH, Germany
e
Buderus Heizteehnik
3'3
GmbH, Germany
Castiron, variousmetals
295
includingaluminium-
silicon alloy, ceramics
(burner unit)
Energy efficient
3
29
BlueAngeleco-labei
Multibrid wind energy
converter
This wind tur bine is
designed to work offshore
exposed to high-speed,
salt-laden winds, so all
components are sealed to
prevent ingress of water.
Unique aspects of the
design include slow
rotationa l movement
to ensure that the unit
can be operated without
maintenance for the first
"
Bartsch Design
3
04
IndustrialDesign Gbr,
Germany
0
aerodynEnergiesysteme
3' 2
GmbH, Germany
Various
34
0
(}
Sourceof renewable
329
energy
three years. This massive
generator, with individual
blades spanning 50 met res
(164ft). is an innovative
rotor with excellent
aerodynamics.
Paradigma epe Star
This solar collector is based
upon a modular design
allowingeasy sepa ration of
components and materials
and facilitating almost 10 0
per cent recycli ng. Material
usage has been kept to
a minimum, giving a
lightweight structure with
a high efficiencyin low
sunlight and at ambient
temperatures below
freezing point.
"
BiirojUr
35
Produktgestaltung,
Germany
0
RitterEnergie und 3
23
UmwelttechnikGmbH
KG, Germany
.-
Aluminium, glass 295
(}
Designf ordisassembly
3
28
andrecycling
4
iFEcologyDesign 33
2
Award, 2000
POWER Cell
Over 16 per cent of incident
sunlight is converted into
electrical power with these
Sunway solar cells, a very
efficient ratio compared
with conventional solar
cells. Various versions of
the POWERcells are
manufactured, including
those offering up to 30 per
cent transparency. The
transmitt ed light is white,
yet there is a range of
external colours for the
cells, using a process of
texturing that avoids the
use of chemicals. Now
solar cells can be integrated
into any aperture intended
to introduce light into a
building, such as windows
and roof lights, thereby
reducing overall
construction costs.
/
Roland Burkhardt,
3
05
Sunways, Germany
.,
Sunways, Germany
324
Siliconpolycrystaffine
'95
wafers
Dua/lunctionsolar-
3'8,
powergeneratorand
3'9
windowmaterial
as well as a TVtable-cum-
batteryholder. Lampu Lita
are hanging lamps made
of plastic. Systems can be
purchased under a monthly
payment scheme.
Photovoltaies, metal,
batteries, circuit boards
Solarpower
MSKCorporation,
Japan
MSKCorporation,
Japan
295
3
21
329
Solar Moon portable
renewable energyunit
The lid of this briefcase is a
photovoltaic panel capable
of recharging AA batteries
to operate the appliances
stored inside the case -
radio, torch and emergency
light. Included in the kit is a
lOWhigh-effi ciency bulb
capable of providing light
for up to ten hours.
PTSudimarf nerg;
Surya, Indonesia
PaulHesse1s, unknown
Low-cost solarsystems
forremotehouseholds
andcommunities
Variousplastics,
photovolta;es
Photovoitaics, Teft el
295
glazing. stainless-steel
backing
Solar-power 328,
generation
329
Reduceduseof
constructi onmaterials
,
" ,-',
.' .. "... / .. .t
Tedlarlaminate
BPSolarex, the world's
largest manufacturer of
photovoltaic cells and
laminates, constructed
the G8 Solar house to
demonstrate the efficacyof
low-energysolar-powered
houses and offices. The
system uses a curving, .
south-facing photovoltalC
arrayOf176 laminate
modules connected to a
z4
0V
inverter wired to the
local network. This array
can meet the needs of four
energy-effici ent houses. BP
Solarex produce a diverse
range of photovoltaic
options including: screen-
printed cells capable of
converting1Z-14 per cent of
incident sunlight into
electrical energy; high-
effici ency Laser Grooved
Buried Grid (LGBG) cells,
in which alie; thin copper
gridisetched into the
surface of the silicon wafer,
resulting in a zo per cent
increase in efficiencyover
' normal' cells; and thin film
cells using amorphous
silicon at two-thousandths
of a millimetre rather than
crystalline silicon, which
must be about one-third
of a millimetre to absorb
the full spectrum. Efficiency
in the thin filmcells
does drop but high-volume
manufacturing compensates
in terms of cheapness .
BPSolarexare also now
able to produce semi-
Solar-powered service
st at i on canopy
Forecourts of most service
stations protect customers
from the weather by means
t ranspa rent photovoltaic
modules, in a special
laminate called Tedlar' ",
in which the density of the
PVcells per squa re metre
can be cust omized to meet
particular architectural
requirements.
of a canopy. BPAmoco pic,
in line with their long-term
objectives to become a
#
BPSolarex, worldwide
3'3
0
BPSolarex, worldwide
3'3
Silicon, semi-conductor
295
materials, copper, glass
Dualfunctional PV 328,
unitsforsolar.power
329
generationandglazing
clean and respons ible
energy company,
have designed special
photovoltaic arrays for
installation on canopies to
generate all the electricity
needed to pump fuel and
for lighting and so on.
This energy-neutra l
installation will event ually
be incorporated into all
newservice stations.
#
BPAmoco,UK
3'3
0
BPAmoco, UK
3'3
Photovoltaic panels
339
Conversionof specialist
32
8
buildingtoenergy-
neutral status
/
SolarCentUlY, UK
310
0
Uni.Soiar, USA
3
25
Special photovoltaic
339
panels
MultifUnctional
3
29
Solar-powered
been tota lly reroofed wit h
an insta lled ca pacity of
2kW would generate
enough capacity to burn
the toas t 800 times and
brew 350 cups of tea.
Householders can
become su ppliers of green
electricity, although a long
view is needed to make
the payback on capital
investment.
295,
JJ9
Rayotec Ltd,UK
Low-iron sodaglass,
copper, shape.memory
metal
High-efficiencysolar-
poweredhot water
system
Photavoltaiccells 339
0
Renewablepower 3
2
9
Topolino
Traditional wood-burning
stoves are stoked with
timber in a haphazard
fashion, causing rapid,
uncontrolled combustion
with significant heat loss
up the chimneystack.
GAAN's range of wood-
burning heaters encourage
optimal combustion
because wood is stacked
verticallyand burns from
the top, likethe wickof a
candle, producing a fuel
efficiency of 85 per cent.
As the warm combust ion
gases rise they are forced
through a double swan-
necked constriction where
heat is absorbed into the
surrounding materials.
Immediate space heating is
provided by radiated heat
from the toughened glass
door, while the remaining
heat passes into the
surrounding cast stone!
granite or steatite body
panels, where 60 per cent
of the total combustion
energyis stored and
emitted over the next sixto
eight hours. Emissions are
significantly lowerthan
required under existing EU
and Swiss regulations.
/
GAANGmbH,
3
06
Switzerland
0
Tonwerk LausenAG,
3
2
5
Switzerland
Enamelledand 295
chromium-platedsteel,
polyester, polymerbase
(}
Economyof materials
3
28
usage
Q.
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award,2000
This funct ional , easy-to-
clea n mixer tap limit s wate r
out put to 7.2litres (r.Sgal)
a minute, eliminates
limescaling and has a
special sto p valve. It
combines low maintenan ce
with good looks .
AxorStarck
/
PhilippeStarck, France
3'0
0
HansGrohe, Germany
3'7
Chromium-platedsteel
295
(}
Reduceswater
33
0
consumption
Q.
iFDesignAward,1999
33
2
Clivus Multrum2
composter
This company has been
manufacturing compost ing
toilets since 1939. This
particular model, made
of 10 0 per cent-recycled
polyethylene, provides
adequate sanitation for a
three-bedroomed house.
An integral moistening
system ensu res biomass
volume reductions of 95
per cent. Water vapour
and carbon dioxide are
the only emissions.
cllvu. DryToilet System
/
Clivus Multrum
3
14
Canada, Canada
0
Clivus Multrum
3
1
4
Canada, Canada
Recycledpolyethylene
34
1
(}
Zerowater 327,
consumption
3
28
Recycledmaterials
Compostgenerator
Canadianeco-labe!
EnvironmentalChoice
EcoLogoMcertified
...... -...
=* -
= --
Columbia emergency
water system
Atriple in-line filter system
on the inlet hose removes
particles greater than or
equal to 1 micron and
provides filtration of lead,
chlorine, nitrates, radon,
mercuryand various toxic
chemicals and pesticides
as the water is hand-
pumped to the storage
container. Filtration of
Giardia, cysts, E- coli,
cryptosporidium and other
bacteria ensures protection
against water-borne
disease. The whole system
is highly portable and
can also be fitted to stat ic
water supplies.
WaterTech Industries,
3
26
USA
0
WaterTech Industries,
3
26
USA
Plastic, metal,filters
295
(}
Emergencyprovisionof
3
29
clean, safe, drinking
water
available, ergonomically
des igned to fit a huge
variety of posteriors, and
with hygienic surfaces in a
typically clean, sculptural,
Scandinavian form.
/
IjO SanitarAB, Sweden
3
18
.,
IjO SanitarAB, Sweden
3
18
Ceramics, polypropylene
295
ordurop/astic
o
Encourageswater
329,
consefVation
33
0
Improvedergonomics
If6Cera range
The humble toilet bears the
hallmark of a couple of
hundred years of traditional
industrial design but few
people knowwhat happens
inside the water cistern. In
traditional toilet designs
extravagant volumes of
water are used to flush
even small quantities of
human effluent. Today, to
meet the need for water
conservation, sanitary-ware
manufacturers such as If6
Sanitar have introduced
dual-flush cisterns
offering two- or four-litre
(o.a-o.qgal) water
deliveryand, more
recently, adjustable
flushing volumes, from
three to eight litres
(O.7-1.8gal) in the If6
Cera range. Polypropylene
or duroplast ic seating is
/
Sun-MarCorporation, 324
Canada
.,
Sun-MarCorporation, 3
2
4
Canada
Fibreglass 295,
34
()
Reductioninwater
33
consumption
Recycling of human
waste
Excel NE
With over twenty-five
years' experience of
designing composting,
waterless toilets, Sun-
Mar Corporation have
developed a range of self-
contained and central
composting toilet systems.
Most models are equipped
with an electrically driven
fan to provide an odour-
free atmos phere but the
Excel NEis totally non-
electric, using a vent
chimney instead. The
operating principle in all
Sun-Mar toilets is identical.
Amixture of peat, some
topsoil and/ or 'Microbe
Mix' is added to the Bio-
drum' and a cupful of peat
bulking mixis added
per person per day. After
use the Bio-drum is
mechanicallyturned
between four and six
revolutions everythird day
or so to aerate the mixture.
Fullydegraded compost is
removed from a bottom
finishing drawer as
required. An evaporating
chamber at the rear of the
drum ensures excess
moisture is removed.
So confident are the
manufacturers ill the
robust design of their
toilets that they offer free
parts for three years and a
twenty-fiveyear warranty
on the fibreglass body.
MisterSunnyboy
Designedfor ease of
assembly, this modular
construction uses sand-
blasted plexiglass to create
a water distiller driven by
the passive energy of the
sun. It can be suspended
or placed in the ground
and provides fresh, treated
water from a decept ively
simpleyet functional
design.
/
FrogDesign, Germany 3
06
rO
prototype, 1997
Lightweight, UV-
295
resistant plastic
Reductionintransport
3
28
energyperunitwater
carrier
, e
e
Or so rai n co llecto r
Safe Tap
As mo re households inst all
systems for recycling water
the risk of accid ental usage
of greywate r (wast e water
from was hing, bathin g,
etc) for drin king will
i ncrease. This ta p can be
opened on ly when a special
gar den hose connector is
inserted into t he greywat er
faucet
/
WeLLDesignAssociates,
3
11
Netherlands
.,
Flamco, Netherlands
3
16
Nylon net
295
Watercollectionand
33
0
conservation
Rainwater storage tan ks
Wagner & COe fabricate a mains water consumption 14001 and EMASe
range of rainwater storage can be ach ieved, At t he
tan ks from 750 to 2,000 same t ime t here is a
/
Wagnera(Coe
3
26
lit res (165-440 ga llons) co ncomitant saving in the
Solortechnik GmbH,
ca pacity, which, when fitted ene rgy and chem icals tha t
Germany
to a pump and filtrati on the wate r utility compani es
.,
Wagnera( Cae
3
26
Solartechnik GmbH,
system, supply wate r for us e to deliver drinkin g-
Germany
was hing machines, toilets, qu ality water - mu ch of
Polyethylene, various
34'
gardening and for general which ends up bein g us ed
othermat erials
cleaning purposes, for cleaning rather than
Conservationand
33
0
Potentially reductions of drinking, The compan y is utilizationa/rainwater
up to 50 per cent of normal regis te red to bot h ISO
0 CD CD
Water is t he resou rce of t he
twenty-first cent ury, Both
indust rial and domest ic
use is increas ing in mo st
nati on s . Storage of
this preciou s commodity
is essenti al but many
so lution s for s ma ll-volume
sto rage consist of little
mo re t han cylindr ical
plast ic containers with a
tap e Marc De [onghe' s Rain
Column has an attachment
point for a faucet and
garden hose. A standard
connector allows any
number of columns to be
co nnected to one anot he r
to provide increased
storage ca pacity,
/
MarcDeJonghe, 0"0
3
0
5
Design, Belgium
.,
Prototype
Plastics
295
Encourages water
3
29
.
conservation
33
0
Flexible storage system
Waterlessurinal
system
To avoid the build-up of
odours, public urinals
tend to use a lot of water
to flush the problem
away. Waterless UK think
theyhave come up with a
solution by using water-
repellent gels on the
insideof the bowl and a
specialfil ter to absorb
the urine solids and let
the remaining aqueous
waste enter the greywater
system. Afloating gel on
top of the filter prevents
anysmellyvapours
from polluting the local
atmosphere. Filters last
up to six months and
are replaced under a
maintenance contract.
Thefull environmental
costs of this waterless
Vulcan Ram
system must include the
embodied energyin the
manufacture of the
system components, the
transport energyof the
installation and
maintenance and the
disposal option when the
filters are no longer
usable. Saving money on
water may be possible
with this system but the
full environmental costs
must be computed.
/
Waterless UK, UK
3
26
0
Waterless UK, UK
3
26
Water-repellent gel,filter
34'
cartridge
(}
Reduceswater
3
28
consumption
s:
'"
n
:r
:::l
III
Vl
Aramis a water-driven
pump using a natural head
ofwaterto force water in a
small-diameter pipe uphill.
Waterflows through a pipe
takenfrom a stream or lake
feedand is accelerated as
it passes through a pulse
valve. This valve snaps shut
whensufficient pressure
buildsup in the ' input'
chamber in the ram with
the result that a p r o ~ o r t o
ofthe water is forced
through a deliveryvalve
Intothe 'output' chamber.
Typicallythere are between
forty and ninety open/ shut
cycles inthe pulse valve
each minute. Air under
pressure in the output
chamber converts the
pulsing water through the
deliveryvalve into a steady
flowto a header tank.
Rams are capable of raising
water up to 100 metres
(330ft) above the ram and
pumping 25,000 litres
(55,ooogals) in twenty-four
hours. Using traditional
cast-iron and gunmetal
production techniques,
Green & Carter have been
manufacturing rams since
1928and export worldwide.
They still repair rams
des igned and made by
Josiah and James Easton,
who installed water-
pumping schemes for
many eighteenth- and
nineteenth-century
landowners. The ram is
an example of Industrial
Revolution technologystill
proving durable, reliable
and economical.
/
Originallypatentedby
Pierre Montgolfierin
, 8, 6
0
GreenalCarter, UK
3' 7
Food-gradevinyl
295
(}
Facilitatesemergency
3
28
waterdistribution
but this separator resulted
in loss of charge and
degraded chemically.
Scimat found that if
polypropylene was
exposed to an ultraviolet
grafting technique it could
absorb water and
became hydrophilic.
This improved penetration
of the electrolyteinto
the sepa rator, improving
charge retention and
efficiency of NiMH
batteries.
/
SciMAT, UK 3
23
.,
SciMAT, UK 3
23
Uv-treated 34
1
polypropylene
Improvesefficiency 329
andlifetimeoj
rechargeablebatteries
Eco Charger
Batterylifeof NiMH, Nicad
and AlkalineAA, AAA, C
and Dcells is generally
shortened by overcharging
but the Eco Charger's LCD
allows monitoring of the
state of the charge and so
extends the number of
possible recharges.
/
Saitek, USA
3
2
3
.,
Saitek, USA
3
23
Recycledplastic,
295
recycledlead
Highpercentageoj 32]
recyclotesusedin
manuJocturing
Trojan L-16
This 360Ah (amp hour),
6V-capacitybattery is
suitable for trickl e
charge from photovoltaic
generating systems but will
also accept a rapid charge
from a fossil fuel, wind or
water generator. This
makes it ideal for domestic
renewable energy systems.
All the lead is from recycled
sources and 80 per cent
of the plastic Polyon casing
/
Unknown
.,
Unknown;retoi/erJode
335
Mountain,USA
Various
339
Improved personal
3
28
healthequipment
iFDesignAward, 1999
33
2
/
UniversalMaster
325
Products, UK
.,
Universal Master
325
Products, UK
PTFE
34
1
Reduction inozone-
328,
depletinggases
34
0
Reductioninenergy
consumption
eNDOSeAL
3MSerie 9300
If masks are
uncomfortable, wearers
tend to discard them,
so compromising their
individual protection
against fine dust in the
workplace. This newmask
from 3Mhas a rigid centre
section and flexible upper
and lower flaps to provide
a better individual fit and
make speaking easier. This
three-section design also
allows the mask to be
folded flat and the interior
kept dirt-freewhen not in
use.
The debate about ozone-
depleting gases such
as CFCs in refrigeration
units overshadowed
other necessary
innovations to tackle this
problem. Leakage of gas
from flare joints on old
and new units with CFCs,
HCFCs or other gases
still makes a significant
contribution to ozone
depletion. eNDOSeAL is
a special PTFEseal that
can be easilyfitted to
provide a 100 per cent
gas-tight seal, as the
material extrudes into
'"
o
o
E: f------------------------j
I'D
!=l-
Vl
0'
,
/
X 0 2 Limitedt las
3
26
Exosect, UK
e
Exoseci, UK
3
26
"U
<3
0-
c
III
fiOFlyTrap1
Various
339
,}
Contributes toa
3
28
healthierenvironment
Pureprint
Conventional web-offset
printingprocesses use
waterwithabout 10 per
cent industrial alcohol,
such as IPA, to ensure
the plates staywet so the
inkscan flow. IPAis
highly mobile as it readily
evaporates and 'dissolves'
in water. It is also a
carcinogen and therefore
creates a potentiallytoxic
environment for workers.
Beacon Press avoid using
water or alcohol and
instead use silicon rubber
to ensure appropriate
'wetting' of the plates and
sharper resolution. Nor are
any chemicals used in
preparation of filmwork,
and a strong corporate
environmenta l policy
ensures that Beacon Press
operate a clean technology
printing plant in all
aspects , from supply-chain
management to car-sharing
for employees.
/
Originally developed in
JapanandUSA
0
Beacon Print. UK
3
1
3
Siliconrubber 28
3
Reductioninwater
329.
consumption
33
0
Avoidance ofuseof
toxicsubstances
/
John Sandham and
3' 0
Stan Lewis, UK
e
LewSan Ltd
3
10
Metal,plastic 295
(}
Adding
3
2
9
multifunctionalityto
existingdesign
TRISIT2000
An estimated go million
squa re metres (lO8 million
sq yds) of waste seating
fabric was generated by the
automobile indust ry. Trisit
have patented a metho d of
fab ricat ing a multilayered
text ile to thr ee-dimensi onal
patterns without generati ng
waste from cutting an d
sizing. The system can
be mod ified to bes poke
de signs and is suitable for
automobile sea t ing and
general-pur pose furnit ure.
/
Trisit Design, Germany
3
25
.,
Trisit Textiltechnologie
3
2
5
GmbH. Germany
Flame-resistantfabric 300-1
(}
Reductioninwaste
328,
output
3
29
Reductioninmaterials
andenergy
consumption
Q.
iFEcologyDesign
33
2
Award,2000
Stairmate
Working up ladde rs on
slopes or stai rs can be
hazardous. The Sta irma te,
a folding foot to use on
the base of t he ladder,
can improve m atters . It is
adj uste d to give a sta ble base
from which any convent iona l
ladd er ca n be safelyclimb ed.
Tensar" range
Steep const ructio n slopes
can be reinforced with
Tensar" 80 RE, a uni -axial
grid of polypropylene
with elongated apertures,
which improves the
shear strengt h of the
exposed surface layers.
Extrude d sheets of s pecia l
polyethylene are punched
with regularly shaped
apertures, then stretched
unde r heat to create a high-
st rengt h grid. When t his
geo mat is laid on the
surface it reduces soi l
ero sion by absorbing the
energy of raind rop impact
and providing an anchor
for plant roots.
Netlon, UK
Netlon, UK
Polypropyleneor
polyethylene
Protectionagainstsoil
erosion andslope
failure
Miscellal'1eolils
to look like bark an d
covere d wit h UV-resistant
plast ic foliage . Alt hough
this product dea ls with
t he question of visua l
intrusion, the real debat e
should be about the
environmental hea lth
as pects of the mass ive
netwo rk expan sion of
telecoms co mpanies .
/
Orange, UK
3
21
e
Orange, UK
3
21
Galvanizedsteel, paint,
295
Uv-tesiston: plastic
Reductionof visual
329
intrusioninthe
landscape
Tree masts
As t he te lecommuni-
cations industry extends
its networks in response
to public demand for
more mo bile phones,
Internet connections and
other pay-as- you-go
serv ices, t here is a
dem and for greater
network cove rage . This
mea ns installing new
t ransmitte r (and receiver)
masts. The masts are
visua llyint rusive, so
Orang e, the UK's largest
mo bile phone networ k
provider , has created a
ma st th at mimicks the
look of a Scot s pine tree.
Tree Masts are made of
ga lvanized-steel ' stem'
and ' branches' pai nted
infrared beams and an
electronic chi p to match
t he reflected infrared profile
of th e plast ic bei ng tes ted
aga ins t a series of known
profiles to determine its
exact type. Both t hese
devices speed up t he
process of plasti cs
ide ntificat ion and permit
mo re efficient recycling,
t hus also assisting with
supply-chain management.
/
Southompton
3' ,
Innovations, Universit yof
3
16
Southomptonand Ford
MotorCompany, UK
., Sauthampton
310
Innovations, UK
Various
34
'
Facilitatesplastics
3
28
recycfing
polyana4 20
Although t here is an
interna tionall y recognized
syste m of labelling plasti cs
to facilitate recycling, many
products and compon ents
are not suitab ly embossed
or labelled. Atypical car
can conta in as many as
thirty different plast ics.
So any device that can help
identifyplastics facilitat es
recycling. The Tribopen
is a hand -held pen de vice
with a brass tip th at
accuratel y measures the
electrost atic su rface
charge and is calibrated
to read the charge from
polycarbonates and
polypropylenes. A light
then comes on to indicate
which of these two plast ics
has been ident ified.
Polyana is a portable
detector, which use s
Materials from the
biosphere and lithosphere
Materials derived fromthe
livingcomponents of the
planet, the biosphere, are
renewable and originate
from plants, animals
and micro-organisms.
Biosphere materials include
special groups of manmade
materials such as
compostable biopolymers
and biocomposites derived
from plant matter. Such
materials are readily
returned to the cycles of
nature. Materials derived
from the lithosphere
(geological strata of the
earth's crust) fall into
two main categories. The
first categoryis widely
distributed or abundant
materials such as sand,
gravel, stone and clay,
while the second category
includes materials whose
distribution is limited,
such as fossil fuels,
metal ores and precious
metals/stones. Materials
In complex products,
such as a car, involVi ng
application of many
materials, the calculations
of embodied energy
are more involved. For
instance, using lightweight
aluminium as opposed
to steel in the chass is of a
car will ensure greater fuel
efficiencyand so reduce
the total energy use
over the lifetime of the
product. Selection of high-
embodied-energymaterials,
which are durable and
extend product life, may
be preferred to lower-
embodied-energymaterials,
which have a short product
life. So a veryimportant
consideration is the
embodied energyof the
material over the lifespan
of the product.
within an ecosystem, that is,
the energycaptured, energy
flows within the ecosystem
and energy losses. All
materials represent stored
energy, captured from the
sun or already held in the
lithosphere of the earth.
Materials also represent or
embodythe energy used to
produce them. One tonne
of aluminium takes over a
hundred times more energy
to produce than one tonne
of sawn timber, so the
embodied energyof
aluminium is comparatively
high. Materials with a low
embod ied energyare
generallythose with a
smaller rucksack of
environmental impacts.
Materials extracted direct ly
from nature and requiring
little processing tend to be
low-embodied-energy
materials, while manma de
materials tend to possess
medium to high embod ied
energy (Table2).
Ecomater ials
Anecomaterial is one that
has a minimal impact on
the environment but offers
maximum performance for
the required design task.
Ecomaterials are easily
reintroduced into cycles.
Ecomaterials from the
biosphere are recycled by
nature and ecomate rials
from the technosp here
are recycled by manmade
processes. -
Embodied energy
One measure of eco-
efficiencyis the degree of
efficiencyof use of energy
Table 1: Achecklist for selecting materials
Material att ribute Low environ- Highenviron-
mental impact mental impact
Resource availabil ity Renewable Non-renewable
and/or abundant and/or rare
Distance to source(the Near Far
closer thesourcethe less
the transportenergy
consumed) km
Embodiedenergy (thetotal Low High
energy embodied withinthe
material from extractionto
finishedproduct) MJ perkg
Recycledfraction (the High Low
proportionof recycled
content) per cent
Production of emissions Zero/Low High
(to air, water and/or land)
Production ofwaste Zero/ Low High
Production of toxins or Zero/ Low High
hazardous substances
Recyclability, reusabi lity High Low
End-of-life waste Zero/Low High
Cycl icity(the easewithwhich High Low
the materialcan berecycled)
environmental , social and
ethical issues. The checklist
in Table 1 offers a method
of considering the potential
impacts of a material.
Introduction
People first developed
methods to synthesize
materials from nat ure
at the time of the
earliest civilizations in
Mesopotamia. The
Industrial Revolution and
two worldwars accelerated
the synthesis of new
manma de materials. Today
the designer is faced with
a mind-bogglingarrayof
hundreds of thousands of
materials, some of which
have no or little impact on
the environment while
others generate a rucksack
of environmental impacts
including depletion of non-
renewable resources, toxic
or hazardous emissions
to air, water or land, and
the generation of large
quantities of solid waste.
While designers have
traditionally selected
materials on the basis of
their physical, chemical and
aesthetic properties, as well
as bycost and availability,
ot her parameters, such
as resource depletion, are
now proving important.
Designers are nowobliged
to observe legal restrictions
on the use of materials from
endangered species, as
listed in the 1973 Convention
on International Trade in
Endangered Species
(CITES) . Various voluntary
certification schemes, such
as the Forest Stewardship
Council and SmartWood
schemes, ensure that
materials originate from
sustainablymanaged
forests. Unfortunately,
designers have few
published guidelines about
criteria for selecting
materials in relation to
~
(It's AMaterial World)
Introduction
l _
Adopkdfrom Cambridgefnginu ring Selector, versionj.o, Granto Design Ltd, UK
Polymer - thermoset - melamine 120-15
Metal - non-ferrous alloys - coppervarious alloys "5-180
Green procurement
Designers can also reduce
the impacts of materials
they use if they specify
sources of materials and
minimum recycle fractions
and if they insist on
compliance with certain
standards, such as eco-
labels or voluntary industry
schemes (see Green
Organizations, p. 331).
Specifiying suppliers or
manufacturers that comp ly
with internationa lly
recognized environmental
management systems ,
such as ISO 14001 or
EMAS, is also desirable.
(gold, platinum, silver)
between 90 and 98 per
cent. Relatively inexpensive
polymers (plastics), on the
other hand, exhibit recycle
fractions of between zero
and 60 per cent , the
most commonl y recycled
plastics being PET(20-30
per cent recyclefraction),
polypropylene (25-35 per
cent), polyethylene as LOPE
or HOPE(typically 50-60
per cent) and polystyrene
(35-40 per cent) . Specialist
technos phere materials,
especiallycomposites, for
example, thermosets and
reinforced thermoplastics,
often have less than 1 per
cent recyclefraction.
Closed-loop recycling
of materials from the
technosphere significantly
reduces environmental
impacts. Metals made
entirely of recycledcontent
and recycled plastics
have an embod ied energy
that is often onlyhalf or
even as little as 10 per
cent of that of virgin metals.
Increasing the recycle
fraction in more materials,
by re-evaluating the idea
of 'waste' , will bring
savings in energy.
20-150
2-10
60D-1POO
2-8
20-25
450-]00
800-1,000
'4
0-160
6-12
5- 6
60-]2
400-600
400-600
Typical embodied
energy (M) per kg)
3
00-350
of microbes and bywater
and weather. Nature
recycles all its materials
but humans recycleonly
certain manmade materials.
Materials of lowmonetary
value tend to have low
volumes of recycling. Thus
relativelyexpensiveferrous
metal and light alloysoften
include a recyclefraction
of between 70 and 80 per
cent, non-ferrous metals
between 10 and 80 per cent
and precious metal alloys
Metal - non-ferrous alloys - lead various alloys 29-5 4
Metal - ferrous alloys - cast iron- grey
(flake graphite) 34-66
Polymer - elastomer - butyl rubber 125-145
Metal -light alloys - aluminium- cast 235-335
Foam - metal - high-density aluminium
Metal - precious metal alloys - gold 5,600 -6,000
Metal - ferrous alloys - carbon steel
Polymer - elastomer - polyurethane 90-100
Polymer - thermoplastic - polyethylene 85- 130
Materialtype
Biosphere andlithospherematerials
Foam - polymer- polyurethane
Polymer - thermoset - epoxy 100-150
Polymer - thermoplastic - ABS 85-120
Polymer - thermoplastic - polypropylene 90-1'5
Natural rubber (unfilled)
Polymer - thermoplastic - nylon 1]0-180
Ceramics - glass
Ceramics - bricks
Composites - titanium-carbide matrix
Wood composites, e.g., particleboards
Ceramics - glassfibre
Composites - aluminafibrereinforced
Technosphere materials
Composites - polymer -thermoplastic-
Nylon 6 (PA)
Wood, bamboo, cork
Composite - polymer - thermoset - epoxy
matrix - Kevlarfibre
Ceramicminerals, e.g., stone, gravel
Table 2 : Embodied energy values for common mater ials
Ceramics- carbon fibre
alloys, foamed ceramics
and unusual composites.
An exhibition called
Recycling, organized by
Craftspace Touring in the
UK in 1996, revealed the
beauty of hand-crafted
products made from
recycled materials.
Materials from the
biosphere are readily
taken back into nature's
cycles bythe process
of biodegradation , or
composting, bythe action
Cotton, hemp, silk, wool
fromthe biosphere or
lithoSphere are often .
processed bysynthesIs or
concentration to create
technosphere matenals.
Materials from the
technosphere
Technosphere materials are
generallynonrenewable.
Synthetic polymers
(plastics, elastome rs and
resins) derived from oil, a
fossil fuel, are technosphere
materials. Embodied-
energyvalues tend to be
much higher than in
biosphere materials. Most
technosphere materials are
not readily returned to
the cyclesof nature and
some, such as plastics,
ceramics (glass, glass/
graphite/carbon fibres)
and composites (ceramic,
metal), are inert to
microbial decomposition
and willnever re-enter the
biosphere. Ina world of
finiteresources we need
to be aware of the need to
recycle technosphere
materials.
Recycling
Threeexhibitions in
the 1990Sencouraged
designers to focus on
the potential of using
recycled materials
fromthe technosphere.
Rematerialize (1994),
collated byJakki Dehn
of Kingston University,
UK, displayeda diverse
selectionof contemp orary
materials made using
recycled content. ' Mutant
Materials', curated by Paola
Antonelli at the Museum
of ModernArt (MoMA)
In NewYork in 1997,
examinedthe application
of recycled thermoplastics
alongside new material
developments such as
specialist polymers, foamed
N.C.F.R. Homasote"
Homasote claim to be the
oldest manufacturer of
building board from 100
per cent-recycled post-
consumer paper in the
USA, with a pedigree
stretching back to '909. All
the products in their range
are free of asbestos and
formaldehyde additives.
For each tonne of recycled
paper there is a net
reduction of 73per cent
Gridcore"
Gridcore" is a lightweight,
chemical-free, honey-
combed solid panel made
from 100 per cent-recycled
fibres such as used
cardboard, newsprint
and jute, kenaf and wood
waste. The panels can
be curved to compou nd
or cust om radii, making
the material suitable for
interior design and
furniture.
0
GtidcoreSystems
3
'
7
International
(GS/), USA
(}
Recycledcontent
3
27.
Taxinfr ee
3
29
0
KaJUs Bia-
3
18
Composites. USA
(}
Renewable
3
2
7
materials
Hexf'orrn"
This compa ny is part of the
Kafus Environmental
Industries group. which
manufactures materials
from alternative crops and
recycled waste streams.
Flexform' is made from
kenaf and hemp fibres
mixed with synthetic
polymers and is particularly
suited to moulded panels
for the automobile and
construction industries.
Findlay-Form"
Jute. sisal and kenaf fibres
are the rawingredients for
Findlay-Form", a natural
fibre-based composite,
which is suitablefor detailed
mouldingespeciallyfor
automobile components .
.,
FindlayIndustries.
3
16
USA
(}
Renewable 3
27
materials
/
Phenix
3
2 2
Biocomposites,
USA
.,
Phenix
3
2 2
Biocomposites,
USA
(}
Renewableand
3
2
7
recycled
materials
suitable for interior
decoration and furniture.
3
2
7
3
08
Renewable
materials
Prototype
designedby
Nickie Kiebaam.
graduatestudent
20 0 0, Design
Academy
Eindhoven,
Netherlands
o
Environ"
Environ is possiblythe
first example of a mass-
produced biocomposite
using a plant-based resin
to bond recycled materials.
It is manufactured from
recycled paper and soy
flour into sheets and floor
strips to provide a material,
which. it is claimed, is
harder than oakwood and
Elast ic wood
Thin sheets of plywood are
curved laterally to create a
'wave' profile, then bonded
together to form a springy,
flexi ble sheet ing suitable
for a wide range of
applications. Varyingthe
thickness of each layer and
amount of curve changes
the degree of elasticity.
/
BuchnerDesign
3
13
Studio, USA
0
GridcoreSystems
3
'7
International,
USA
(}
Renewable
327.
materials
32
8
Recycled
material s
Lowembodied
energy
DuraCane
Eco Panel
This lightweight board
comprises a layer of
Gridcore, a board made
from a honeycomb of
mixedwaste paper,
sandwiched between layers
of veneer manufactured
from timber harvested
from sustainably managed
forests.
0
AaJdiaBoord
3' 2
Company. USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
Bagasse, the plant-fibre
residue from sugar cane, is
formed into a tough board,
DuraCane, suitable for a
varietyof indoor uses from
furniture to built-in units
and flooring.
0
CampakSystems 3
14
Ltd, UK
(}
Renewable 3
27
materials
Agricultural residues, such
as wheat and rice straw,
cotton stalks and bagasse,
sugar cane waste, are
bonded with formaldehyde-
free resins into sheeting
and panels.
General-purposepanels
r: ...
J.. __.'_ r" - --
emissions to air, 40 to
70 per cent less water
consumpt ion and 70 per
cent less energythan
virgin wood pulp
N.C.F.R. Homosote , a
multipurpose interior or
exteriorboard, is a good
insulator and a barrier to
moisture, noise and fire
(when impregnated with
fireretardants).
.,
Homasote 3
18
Company, USA
Ruycled 32] ,
materials 3
28
Lowembodied
energy
Isobord
Strawis an annual
agricultural residue that
causes environment al
problems when burnt and
can lockup soil fertili ty
upon decomposition. But
it can providesecondary
incomefor farmers when it
is used as the raw material
incomposite board
manufacturing. Isobord
is an alternativeto
conventional particle
boards. It is made under
high pressure and
temperature bycombining
strawfibres with non-toxic
isocyanurate resins to
provide a resilient high-
density board that can be
surface-finished by painting
or laminating. Isobord is
suitable for building,
exhibition and furniture
purposes.
., Isobord
3
18
Enterprises, USA
Renewoble
32] ,
materials
3
29
Non-toxic
manufacturing
Kronospan"
This Swiss company
manufactures a diverse
range of particle boards, T&
G panels, MDF, Kronoply
(an orientated strand board,
OSB), laminate flooring and
post-formed panels and
surfaces for interior use.
Laminated flooring sheets
are FSCcertified, the
formaldehyde-free, panel-
type 'Hollywood' qualifies
for a Blue Angel eco-Iabel
and the compan y is certified
to ISO'4001. Timber is
generally sourced locally.
.,
Kronospan AG.
3
19
Switzerland
Renewable 32] ;
materials 328 ,
Clean 333
production
Certificotionof
variousproducts
to FSCorBlue
Angeleco-label
Kucospan Life
Kucospan Life is a
formaldehyde-freechipboard
formed with coniferwood
thinnings and bound with
up to 5 per cent byweight
Polycarbamide (PMDI) , a
polyurethane resin.
.,
Kucospan,
3
'9
UK
Renewable 32]
materials
Mader6n
Ground waste shells from
the almond-growing
industry are mixed with
resins to form a hard,
durable composite suitable
for furniture and panel
manufacturing.
.,
LignocelSA,
3
19
Spain
(}
Renewable 3
2
]
materiol
Recycledcontent
MasoniteCP
This tough, dense board is
made from long-fibre wood
compressed to attain a very
high density of 940kg{sq m
(192Ib{sq ft), which
makes it especially
suitable where structu ral
st rength is required. It is
manufactured to ISO9001
and guaranteed and
approved by the Swedish
National Board of Housing.
.,
Masonite
3
20
Corporation, USA
(}
Renewable
32]
materials
content
Meadowood panels
and sheeting
Compressed panels of
ryegrass st raware suitable
for all interior design,
exhibition and furniture
production.
.,
Meadowood
3
20
Industries, lnc.,
USA
(}
Renewable
32]
material
MediteZF
Medite ZFis the trade
name for an interior-grade,
medium-dens ityfibreboard
(MDF) manufactured using
softwood fibres bonded
with formaldehyde-free
synthetic resin. Free
formaldehyde content of
Medite ZF is less than
1.0mg{100g (one part in
100,000), which is
equivalent to or less than
natural wood, and
formaldehyde emissions
.,
SimplexProducts,
3
2
4
USA
(}
Renewableand
3
2
7
recycled
materials
.
,
Strandwood 324
Molding. Inc., USA
This is a str on g
particleboa rd using
bonded, cros s-linked
fibres of wheat stra w. It
is sui tabl e for diverse
const ruct ion an d inte rior
uses , furn iture and
kitchen fixtures .
Wheatboa rd' "
Renewable 327
materials
Wood compos ite
Thin st rands of aspen
pul pwood are rebonded in
moul ds for furn itu re and
aut omobile parts such as
legs, shells and seat backs.
Thermo-ply
These fibreboa rds are
made of 10 0 per cent-
recycled mat erials
includi ng car dboa rd, office
waste, mill was te and
production sc rap.
e
Stramit USA,
324
USA
(}
Renewable and
3
27
recycled
materials
This compos ite fibreboard
panel is made of 100
per cent wheat st raw
sandwiched betwee n a
recycled paper faci ng.
Stramit
.,
AI/Paper
3
12
Recycling, inc.,
USA
(}
Recycled 3
27
materials
.,
SchaumanWood
3
23
Oy, Finland
(}
Renewable 3
27
materials
Stewardship
sourcing
ShetkaBoard
This range of sheeting
materials made from
recycled was te paper is
suita ble for construc t ion
and inte rior de sign work.
Birch, sp ruce and pine
from managed forests in
Finland are used to
manufact ure a range of
plywoods suitable for
interior, ext erior and
co ncrete formwork and
as lami nboard. Specia l
tongue-and-groove
panel plywood lamin at ed
floorin gs include
Schauman Birchfioor,
Sprucefioor an d Spruce
Dek. The company is
certified to ISO 14001 .
Schauman Wisa
plywoods
.,
Rodman
3
23
Industries, USA
(}
Renewableand
327
recycled
materials
Easiboard and Easiwall
Resincore is a formal -
deh yde-free particleboard
co mposed of sawdust,
phe nolic resin and wax.
Resincore
General-purpose
particleboard
Some 14 ,0 0 0 tonnes of
waste wheat st raw annually
go to ma ke t his half-inch-
thick (r-em) , wheat- based
part icleboard suitab le for
furniture, constru ction and
interior design.
Pacific board"
.,
Pacific Northwest
3
2 1
Fiber, USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
material
.,
Prairie Forest
3
22
Praducts, USA
(}
Renewable 3
2
7
material
Wheat st raw and Kent ucky
bluegrass are t he mai n
fibre cons t ituents of t he
particleboard man ufactu red
bythis com pany.
A range of wall panels is
man ufactured with whea t
straw.
.,
Pierce
3
2 2
International,
lnc., USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
material
.,
MasoniteCP, UK
3
20
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
e
BioFab LLC, USA
3
13
o
Renewable
3
27
resources
are well below general
ambient outdoo r levels. All
ot her Medit e MDF board s
are ma nufact ured to Class A
EN622 Part 1, complying
with free formal deh yde
co ntent of less tha n
g.o mg/ lOog (nine part s
pe r 100,0 00) . The company
has applied for FSC
cert ificat ion for Medite.
Oil-tempered hardboard
Natura l cellulose fibres are
t he primary const it ue nts of
thi s type of hardboard , in
which the natu ral glues
from the fibres , rat her t han
synt hetic adhesives, bond
t he fibres together .
This is a straw-based
building board suitable for
inte rior uses .
PacificGold Board
.,
Wil/amette
3
26
Europe Ltd, UK
(}
Renewable 327 ,
materials
329
Reductionin
toxicingredients
andemissions
r-- Primeboord, Inc., 3
22
0' USA
C- Renewable
32]
0
material
Bamboo
Bamboo sourced from
Vi etnam is the principal
material for strip and
laminated flooring
manufactured bythe
company, but poles and
bamboo for structural
purposes can also be
supplied.
0'
Bamboo 3
13
Hardwoods, Inc.,
USA
Renewable 32]
material
Certified tirnber
This companysupplies high-
density prepared boards
from sustainablyharvested
palmtrees. The timber is
guaranteed 100 per cent
chemical-free and is suitable
for structural, flooring and
furnitureapplications. A
wide range of North
American and tropical
hardwoods is supplied
from certified sources.
(
EcoTimber
3'5
International,
USA
Renewable 32] ,
materials
329,
Toxin-jree
333
SmartWoodor
FSCcertiJied
Timber from
sustaina blesources
Harwood Products
supp lies timber and
products from sustainably
managed forests certified
bythe FSC. Amember of
CERES.
(
Harwood
3' ]
Products, USA
Renewable 3
2
]
materials
CertiJied
materials
Microllam" and
lntrall arn"
With minimal wastage
from the forest roundwood,
TJM bond layers of aspen
wood with resin to form
high-st rength timber
composites - Microllam?"
comprising thin even layers
and Intrallarn formed
from more irregular layers
and chips.
e
TrusJoist
3
2
5
MacMillan, USA
Reductionof 32] ,
wasteoutput
3
28
Efficient useof
resources
Rubberwood
There are over ].2 million
hectares (17.8 million
acres) of cultivated rubber
trees worldwide, of which
over 5.2 million hectares
(12.8 million acres) are in
Malaysia, Indones ia and
Thailand. Declining latex
yields norma lly occur
twenty-five to thirtyyears
after planting. These
older trees are now being
harvested to provide a
growing supplyof Hevea, or
rubberwood, the dominant
species being Hevea
braziliensis. In '990 the
ASEAN (the Association of
South-east Asian Nations)
produced about 17 million
cubic met res (600 million
cubic ft) of rubberwood.
The timber is suitable for a
wide range of applications
such as flooring, particle
boards, kitchen utensils
and general furniture
woodworking.
e
Numerous
manufacturers in
tropicalcountries
Renewable
32]
resource
THL Iron Woods"
Diniza, Purpleheart,
Greenheart and
Macaranduba are very
tough, exceptionally
dense, tropical hardwoods.
Promoted under the brand
name THLIron Woods",
these sawn and planed
woods are certifed bythe
FSCand the Rain Forest
Alliance's SmartWood"
schemes as originating
from sustainablymanaged
forests . All these iron
woods are extremely
durable and do not require
anychemical treatmen ts to
prolong life.
(
Timber Holdings
3
25
Ltd, USA
Renewable 32]
materials
CertiJiedsources
Timberstrand" LSL
TJM produce a range of
engineered timbers
composed of strands or
sheets of veneer bonded
with adhesives or resins at
high pressu re and heat.
Tirnberstrand'" TSLis a
general-purpose structu ral
timber. TJM products
encourage better resource
usage than sawn timber
since almost all the sawn
log is used in the
composite t imber.
0
TrusJoist
3
2
5
MacMillan, USA
Renewable 3
2
]
material
Efficient useof
resources
Willows
This nurseryspecializes in
the cultivation of willow
species and cultivars suited
to the climate of the UK
and Europe. Over 135
species, subs pecies and
varieties of willoware listed
in the catalogue. Advice is
also given on bulk supplies
of cut osiers and willows.
(
The WillowBank,
3
26
UK
Renewable 32]
materials
32]
Polyvalplc, UK
Potentia!
reduction in
materialsusage
Jorapplicalions
usinglhe
biopolymer
Compostable
-Renewable
materials
Reusable
AvoidanceoJCFC
emissions
Eco-Foarn"
Polystyrene chi ps ,
oft en made by inject ing
chorofluorocarbon
(CFC) gases, can now
be su bst it uted with
biode grad able chips of
foamed starch polyme r,
Eco-Foam" , where stea m is
used as the blowing agent.
This biopo lymer is made of
85 per cent corn starch, so
it is biodegradable, wate r-
soluble and reusable. It is
also free of stat ic, which
makes the packag ing
proces s easier.
EnPol
Enpol is a fully
biodegradab le plas tic,
which is similar to
polyethylene (polythene)
but uses two and a half
times less material to
achi eve the sa me strength
properties.
Nationa!StarchII(
ChemicalCo., USA
Eco-Flow
Eco-Flow is an extr uded
packaging material
prima rily composed of
wheat sta rch.
depart
Derived from po lyvinyl
alco hol, dep art" is a wate r-
so luble and biodegradable
plast ic.
Biopol ymers
Eastman manufactures a
range of biodegradable
polymer s from cellulose
acetate.
.,
Environmental 3, 6
PolymersGroup
pic, UK
Compostable 32]
e
Eastman
3
15
Chemical
Company, USA
Renewable 32]
materials
Compostable
.,
American
3' 2
Excelsior
Company, USA
Renewable 32]
material
Composlable
Bioplasr " and Biopur"
Capa"
Capa" is a t hermo plast ic
ma de of polycap rolactones,
which are biod egrad able.
Biopolymers
Biopolymers and indust rial
sta rches are extracted
and processed from the
corn (ma ize) plant.
Biot ec specializes in
biod egradable plastics using
vegeta ble sta rch as t he raw
ingredient. Trade product s
incl ude Biop last"' and
Biopur" . They have sim ilar
properties to polystyrene,
so they are suitable for
making disposable cup s for
vending machines and
catering companies.
.,
Biotec, Germany
3
1
3
Renewable 3
2
]
materials
Compostoble
.,
Cereslar USA,
3'4
USA
Renewable 32]
material
Compostabte
.,
SolvayPlastiques,
324
Belgium
Renewable 32]
material
Compostable
BioFoam
BioFoam is a loose-fill
packaging made of pure
starc h and is biodegradable.
.,
Johnson
3
18
Corrugoled
Products, USA
Renewable 3
2
]
materials
Biocorp: biopolymer
Corn starch is the
main ingredient of the
compostable biopolymer s
made by Biocorp.
Products include plast ic
bags and cutlery.
.,
Biocorp, USA
3
1
3
Renewable 32]
materials
Compostable
EnviroFill
EnviroFili is an extruded,
biodegradable, starch-
based, loose-fill
packaging material.
0
NOTeI/Unisource, 3
21
USA
Renewable 3
27
material
Compostable
Flo-Pak Bio8
Corn, wheat or potato
starch is the raw material
for Flo-Pak Bio 8 loose-fill
packaging.
0
Free-Flow
3
16
Packaging
International,
Inc., USA
Renewable
3
27
materials
Compostable
Mater-Bi
Mater-Bi is a biodegradable
plasticfilmmanufactured
by Novamont in Italy and
Unde r licence by EnPac in a
JOint venture between
DuPont and ConAgra in the
USA. It is derived from
corn starch and is suitable
for a wide range of
applications from
packaging to refuse
disposal bags.
.,
Novamont SpA, 3' 6,
Italy/fnPac, USA
3
21
(}
Renewable
material
3
27
Compostable
MAZIN
This compostable
biopolymer is derived from
polymers extracted from
corn (maize). It is
produced in extruded
sheets for phone and ID
cards and similar printed
products.
.,
CornCard
3
1
4
International,
Inc., USA
(}
Renewable 3
27
materials
Compostable
Natural rubber (NR)
The historyof rubber
cultivation can be traced
back to earlycivil izations in
Central and South America
but it wasn't until the
nineteenth century that a
native species, Hevea
braziliensis, was
commerciallyexploited and
became a major export for
Brazil. The process of
vulcanization, discovered
byCharles Goodyear in
1839, rapidly expanded the
applications for natural
latex in the Industrial
Revolution, Today over 70
per cent of rubber
product ion, 5.2 million
hectares of a world total of
7.2 millionhectares (12.8
million acres and 17.8
millionacres respectively),
centres around Malaysia,
Indonesia and Thailand.
Trees have a product ive
lifetime of up to thirty
years, after which latex
production declines.
Plantations also act as a
sink for absorbing carbon
dioxide. Natural rubber is
used pure or mixed with
synthet ic rubbers and
fillersto manufacture a
huge range of products
from tyres and tubes ,
industrial components
and medical goods to
footwear and clothing.
Special grades of NR
produced by Malaysia
include SUMAR (Non-
Smelly Rubber),
ENR(Epoxidized NR) ,
DPNR(Deproteinized NR) ,
and PAj SP (Superior
Processing Rubber).
.,
Manyintropical
countries
(}
Renewable
3
2
7
material
Versatile natural
polymer
Novorr"
This is a thermop lastic
starch, containing up to 90
per cent starch derived
from plants. Additives
control the rate of
decompos ition, which
varies from fiveto forty-five
days depending on
ambient moisture and
temperature conditions
and microbial activity.
e
Novon
3
21
International,
USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
material
Compostable
PHA
PHAsare biodegradable
plastics derived from
plants or bacteria that are
water-soluble and easily
recycled. PHAs are suitable
for medical and food-
packaging uses.
.,
Metabolix, Inc.,
32
USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
Compostable
andrecyclable
PLA, EcoPLA
Plastics manufacturers
all over the world are
examining the commercial
viability of making plastics
using renewable resources .
In 2000 Cargill Dow
Polymers announced
that their ' NatureWorks
Technology' had created
a newbioplastic called
polyactide (PLA) , derived
from the maize plant. A
newfactoryis scheduled
to open in Blair, Nebraska,
to supplyinitially up to
' 5,0 0 0 tonnes per
annum. Some of the
world's largest
manufacturers of plastic
food packaging, such as
TetraPak, Autobarr, Bimo
Wool bloc
Sheep' s wool is combined
with an acrylicsolution and
natural boron salts to make
lowthermal-conductivity
(0.038W/mk) insulation
batts, of 50mm, 75mmand
suppressant, helping to
clean the land, and it
is a prolifi c producer of
biomass and fibre, growing
up to 4 metres (13ft)
high in 100 days. Hemp
cultivars with minimal
active'drug' chemicals
have been grown in
Germany since 1996
specificallyfor the
production of this new
insulation material. Fibres
are extracted from the
harvested plants and
reworked into panels using
15per cent polyester for
support and 3-5per cent
soda for fireproofing. It is
suitable for insulating
between stud walls and
roofing timbers. Thermo-
Hanf"> (Thermo Hemp)
conforms to all DIN-Norm
standards and has a
therma l conductivityof
0.039W/mk for DIN
52612. It also has in-built
resistance to insect attack
from the plant' s own
natural defences.
.,
HockDistribution/
3
18
Swabian ROWA,
Germany
(}
Renewable 32]
material
Clean praduction
Hemp is an ideal crop for
all aspiring organic
farmers. It does not require
the application of any
herbicides or insecticides,
it is a good weed
insulation battens and
quilts. In the HeraflaxWP
battens and HeraflaxWF
quilt the fibres are
integrated with polyester
fibres to form sta ndard
60mm- or Somm-thick
(1/4- or '/3- inch) products.
Both materials are good
insulators with a thermal
conductivity of 0.42W/sq m.
Hypodown
Fibres from the milkweed
plant provide the raw
materials for this
company's range of
hypoallergenic down
products, Hypodown,
suitable for use in bedding
and upholstery.
.,
NaturalFibers
3
20
Corporation, USA
Renewable 32] ,
materials
3
29
Non-allergenic
Thermo-Hanf"
.,
Deutsche
3
'5
,
Heraklith GmbH,
3
21
Germany, and
Osterreichische
Heraklith Gmbh,
Austria
(}
Renewable 32] ,
materials
3
29
Energy-saving
product
e
LCDA(La
3
1
9
Chonvriere de
rAube), France
(}
Renewable
32]
moten"als
Greenwood 31]
CottonInsulation
Products, tnc., USA
Heraflax
Recycledcontent 32]
Recycledtextil e waste is
reprocessed into insulation
materials.
Longand short flax plant
fibres are separated; the
former are used for weaving
linen and the latter are
manufactured into
Insulat ion
Chanvrisol,
Chanvrilaine, Mehabit
Loose-fill and blanket
insulation is made by
combining cellulose (wood)
fibres with hemp fibre.
Chanvrisol is loose-fill
insulation, Chanvrilaine a
blanket insulation and
Mehabit a flooring underlay.
Biopol ymers and resins
This company specializes in
the manufacture of starch-
based biopolymers and
resins suitable for injection
moulding. Clean Green is
loose-fill packaging that is
water-soluble.
and Treopaphan, are
interested in producing PLA
products in the future.
.,
PlantPolymer
3
2 2
Technologies, Inc.,
USA
(}
Degradable 32]
materials
Polymeric resi ns
This company specializes
in developing engineered
polymers for the medical,
personal care and agro-
technology markets.
Their polymeric resins
are degradable.
.,
StarchTech.lnc.,
3
2
4
USA
(}
Renewable 32]
materials
Compostable
.,
Cargill Dow
3
14
Polymers, USA
(}
Renewable 32]
materials
Compostable
100mmthickness (0.2, 03
and 0.4 inch), with square-
cut ends. Manufacturing
typically consumes less
than one-fifth of the energy
required to make glass-
fibreinsulation, so the
embodied energyof
woolbloc is less than
15
0
MJ/square metre. .
Woolblocis hydroscoplc,
so it can absorb excess
moisture vapour but,
beingalso breathable, it
permits evaporation of
this moisture. Tests have
also proven that it absorbs
formaldehyde released
fromother building
materials, is a good
acousticbarrier and is
fire-resistant.
0
Klober, UK
3
19
Energy 327,
conservation
3
2
9
Clean
production
Renewable,
recyclableand
biodegradable
primarymaterial
Papers , panels,
compos ites
Kenafplant fibre is grown
and processed byArizona
Fibers Marketing ready for
a variety of commercial
uses for the paper and
construction industries.
0
Arizona Fibers
3
12
Marketing,USA
Renewable
3
27
materials
Packaging
Agricultural fibres and
residues are formed into a
diverse range of food
packaging and disposable
cutlery.
0
Enbiomass
3
16
Group, Inc., USA
Renewable
3
2
7
materials
Compostable
NativaRubber
Latex is harvested from
wild trees in the Amazon
rather than commercial
plantations . This helps
support local cultures and
economies and encourages
rainforest conservat ion.
0
Deep ECompany,
3
1
5
USA
Renewable 327,
material
33
0
Ethical
production
Encourages
nature
conservation
Sundeala and Celotex
Sealcoat
Sundeala is a soft board
manufactured from
unbleached recycled
newsprint available in a
range of natural colours.
Celotex Sealcoat Medium
Board is also made from
recycled newsprint and is
coloured with natural
mineral pigments. Both
boards are suitable for
interior applications ,
pinboards , noticeboards,
exhibition displays and
furniture.
0
Celotex Ltd, UK
3
1
4
Recycled
3
27
materials
Clean
production
Sustana" leathe r
Claimed to be the most
exclusive'eco-Ieather' in
the world, Sustana'"
originates from cattle
managed on susta inable
and humane principles,
without the use of growth
hormones, steroids or
antibiotics, on the Coleman
ranch in Colorado. Tanning
is undertaken by Cudahy
Tanning in Wisconsin
using low-toxicity trivalent
chromium and chorine-
free water-based dyes and
finishes. Protein wastes
are recycled and water
effluents treated by
biological purifying
systems. Sustana'" is
the primaryleather source
for shoes made by the
Deep ECompany.
0
DeepECompany,
3
'
5
USA
Renewable 327,
materials
33
0
Clean
production
Ethical
production
<b
3
I'll
a.
I'll
--
Vl
o
;::l>
Auro paints, oils, waxes
and finishes
Auro manufactures an
extensive range of 'organic'
paints, oils, waxes, stains
and other finishes without
the use offungici des,
biocides or petrochemicals
including white spirit (an
isoaliphate). Oils originate
from renewable natural
sources such as ethereal
oils, balm oil of turpentine
or oil from citrus
peel, so waste from the
manufacturing process
is easilyrecycledand the
potential health hazard
of the finished products
is less than in petrol
or isoaliphatic-based
manufactur ing systems.
Emulsion paints for interior
use include white chalk
and chalk casein paints,
which can be tinted using
pigments from a range of
330colours. Exterior-grade
gloss paints and stain
finishes are suitable for
applyingto wood, metal,
plaster and masonry.
0
Auro
3
12
Pjlanzenchemie
AGfAuro GmbH,
Germany
(}
Non-toxic
327
ingredients
Cleanproduction
BioShieldpaints,
stains, thinners, waxes
BioShield Paint Company
manufactures a diverse
range of paints, stains,
thinners and waxes from
natural ingredients such as
oils from linseed, orange
peel and soybean.
0
BiaShieldPaint
3
13
Company, USA
(}
Renewable
3
2
7
materials
Adhesives, paints,
varnishes, oils
Natural organic
constituents and abunda nt
minerals are the basis
for the entire range
of Holzwegproducts
for timbers and masonry
surfaces including
adhesives, primers, paints,
varnishes and oils.
0
Halzweg.
3
18
Germany
(}
Renewable
327
materials
Non-toxic
Livas
In '975 Livos developed
techniques for dispersing
ingredients in natural
resins. The company has
continued to develop its
range of natural-based
primers (with linseed
oil), hardening floor
agents (pine tree resins).
transparent glazes
(phytochemical oils such
as citrus), wood polishes
(beeswax), wall glazes
(beeswaxand madder root)
and varnishes pigmented
with natural soil pigments.
Livos URA Pigment Paint
comprises organically
sourced beeswax, linseed/
stand oil, orange-peel oil
and dammar mixed with
water, methylcellulose,
isoaliphate, ethanol , iron
oxide, mineral pigments,
borax and boric acid. The
amount of pigment can be
adjusted to givethe desired
st rength of colour.
0
Livas
3
'
9
Pflanzenchemie,
Germany
(}
Highcontent of 327,
natural,
339,
renewable
34
1
materials
LowornilVOC
content
EUeco-labelfor
someproducts
The Natural Choice
All paints and finishes
in The Natural Choice
collection utilize
natural oils and solvents,
originating from citrus peel
or seeds, resins from trees,
waxes from trees and bees,
inert mineral fillers and
earth pigments. Oils are
extracted bycold pressing
or with lowheat and all
products are packaged
in biodegradable or
recyclablecontainers with
an emphasis on keeping
packaging to a minimum.
0
The Naturol
32
Choice, USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
Minimal
pollution
monufacturing
Minimal
packaging
Nut shell"
Nutshell produces a
full range of adhesives,
paints, herb and resin oils,
varnishes and stains with
natural pigments.
0
NutshellNatural
321
Paints, UK
(}
Renewable
3
2
7
materials
Non-toxic
Clean
production
Milk-based paints
Traditional milk-based
paints, suitable for interior
design/r est oration and
furniture production, are
made bythis compa ny.
These paints follow
authentic recipes and are
free of synthetics.
0
Old Fashioned
3
21
Milk Paint
Company, USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
OS Color
Waxes from canauba and
candelilla plants and oils
Paints/Varnishes. Miscellaneous
frorn sunflower, soybean,
linseed and thistle arethe
rawingredients of a wide
rangeof natural starn s
and protective finishes for
exteriorand interior wood
surfaces. For example,
OSColorWood Stain and
Preservative is a natural
oil-based, microporous,
water-repellent treat ment
for timber exposed to the
weather. The natural oils,
water-repellent additives
and lead-free siccatives
(drying agents) form the
binder, whichcomprises
almost 85 per cent of the
solidscontent. This binder
is mixedwiththe active
(bacteria and fungi)
protective ingredients,
alipathiclow-odour
solvents (benzole-free,
diaromatized, medical-
gradewhite spirit) and
pigments (iron oxide,
titaniumdioxide). Floor
treatment, such as the
OSColor Hardwax-Oil , is
an oil-based application,
which gives a durable,
washable, surface. It
doesn't contain biocides
or preservatives.
Manufacturing plants
are covered by ISO9 001
and ISO14000 .
0
Ostermann a(
3
21
Scheiwe, Germany
Lowinsolvents
327,
andfree VOCs,
34
1
biocide,
preservativesand
citrusoils
'Natural,
renewableraw
materials
Bio T
Bio TO> is a general-
purpose cleaner derived
from terpene, which is
suitable for use in the
manufacturing indust ries
and public-sector
maintenance.
0
BioChem
3
13
Systems, USA
(}
Derivedfrom
327
renewable
materials
Biof'orrn"
This biodegradable release
agent is made from canola
oil and is suitable for
use with concrete, plastic,
PVC, silicone rubber,
steel, styrofoam and
wood.
0
LeahyWolf
3
1
9
Company, USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
material
Natural colo urant s
and dyes
This company bulk-
manufactures dyes from
nat ural sources to supply
other indust ries with
alternatives to synthetic
colourants.
0
ColorTrends, lnc.,
3
14
USA
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
GlueMat e'M
Dryand green timber can
be finger-jointed using
the PRF/Soy 2000
adhesive system, which
uses Gluefvl ate'" , a
protein-based gel derived
from soybeans.
0
Hopton
3
18
Technologies, USA
(}
Renewable
3
2
7
material
Adhesives, paint s
Potmolen make a
t raditional range of
cabinetmakers' glues and
adhesives derived from
casein, together with gloss
paints based on linseed oil
and other natural
ingredients.
0
Potmolen Paints,
3
22
UK
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
Toxinfree
Rilsan
Ril san resins are derived
from castor beans and are
often used in the powder
coating of metals.
0
ElfAtochem, USA
3
16
(}
Renewable
3
27
materials
Soy Clean
SoyClean is a range of
biodegradable, non-toxic
cleaners and paint .
removers derived from
soybeans.
.,
SoyEnvironmental
324
Products, lnc., USA
(}
Renewable
327
materials
Toxin-free
Bean-e-c1 ean
Franmar Chemical
manufacture a
multipurpose, indust rial-
strength cleaner, Bean-e-
doo' ", and a waterless
hand cleaner, Bean-e-
clean' ", both derived from
soybeans.
0
FranmarChemical,
3
16
inc., USA
(}
Renewable
327,
materials
34'
Reductionintoxic
chemicalsand
VOCs
Papers
Continuum
Old denim jeans, worn-out
money notes and industrial
cotton waste are recycledin
a diverse range of papers.
Zenus Crane's mill has
been recyclingwaste
textiles and paper since
1801 . The tradit ion
continues with the
Continuum brand of tree-
free papers using 50 per
cent cotton fibre and 50 per
cent hemp fibre.
4)
Crane a{
3
1
4
Company, USA
(}
Renewable
3
2
7.
resources
33
0
Conservationof
forestresources
Conservation, Retreeve
The Conservation range
includes 100 per cent-
recycled wove and laid
papers suitable for ink-jet
and laser printing,
corporate stationery and
general-purpose office use.
It consists of 25per cent
millwaste, 50 per cent
pre-consumer and 25per
cent post-consumer waste
and meets all the
requirements of NAPM and
Eugropa recycled marks.
Retreeveis a range of
qualitytext and cover
papers, which (excluding
Brilliant White) is 100 per
cent recycled. The company
has an environmental
policyand is certifiedto
ISO 14001 and EMAS.
4)
Curtis Fine Papers
3
'4
Ltd,UK
(}
Recycledcontent
3
27.
NAPMcertified
334
Tree-free paper
Arange of papers is made
from natural plant fibres,
such as cotton and hemp,
and post-consumer paper
waste.
4)
Green FieldPaper
3' 7
Company, USA
(}
Renewableand
3
2
7.
recycled
33
0
materials
Encourages
forest resource
conservation
Mult iboard Kraft,
Offset, Ecofrost
Composite sheeting and
boards are made from a
diverse range of recycled
materials, of which 55per
cent originates from used
PE-coated milkcartons,
newsprint and corrugated
paper, the remaining 45 per
cent from the industrial or
production waste st reams.
This companyis registered
to ISO gOOl , ISO14001
and EMAS.
4)
FiskebyBoardLtd,
3
16
UK
(}
Recycled 32 7,
materials
34
0
EMSpolicy
Indexpaper, board
for folders
Hurum takes back used
laminated drinks cartons
made of paper, plastic and
aluminium. The cartons are
shredded and separated
into the component
waste streams, then the
recovered paper is used to
make recycled paper for
index-card systems and
board for folders. The
aluminium fraction is sent
to another manufacturer
for reprocessi ng. The
company is certified to
ISOg OO1 , ISO14001
and EMAS.
4)
HurumFabrikker
3
18
AS. Noway
(}
Recycledcontent 3
27
.
Recycling of
3
28
recoveredmetal
Offi ce and sanitary
paper
Over four hundred tree-free
papers, made from plant
fibres and recycled waste
paper, are availablefrom
this manufactu rer.
4)
NewLeafPaper, 3
21
USA
(}
Renewable and 3
27.
recycled 33
0
materials
Conservation of
forestresources
' c ont ext' and othe r
Paperbackpapers
Thereare tens of paper
manufacturers and
distributors in the UK who
offerrecycled papers in
their range but Paperback
offersthe most extensive
rangeof gloss and matt
coated papers, uncoated
offsets, letterheads
and speciality grades
manufacturedfrom
recycled waste paper.
This process consumes
less than halfthe energy
required to make paper
fromvirgin wood pulp. The
companywas set up in
1983 when use of recycled
paperwas a fringe activity
in both the consumer and
commercial markets. It is
committed to encouraging
use of recycledpaper to
decreasethe disposal of six
million tonnes of waste
paper annually in the
UK. Boardsrange in
weight from 225gsm up to
3
00gs
m with a varietyof
finishesfrom smooth white
watermarked up to natural-
colouredmicro-fluting.
All 'context' papers and
boards contain 75 per cent-
de-inked used waste to a
~ P approved grade and
Context FSC' is made from
75per cent-de-inked fibre
and 25per cent-FSC-
endorsed pulp.
0
Paperback. UK
3
2 2
~
Recycled 327,
materials 328 ,
Reductionin 333,
embodiedenergy
334
NAPMapproved
Stewardship
sourcing, FSC
Savat ree
This compa ny produces
a vast range ofk raft,
packaging grade and
printing papers. The
Savatree range uses 100
per cent-waste paper to
create recycled papers such
as MGGreent reesaver
Kraft, MGGreen Envelope
and MGTreesaver
Plus Kraft used in the
manufacture of envelopes.
0
SmithAnderson a(
324
Co. Ltd, UK
~
Recycledcontent
3
27
Vanguard Ecoblend'
This tree-free, bond-quality
paper is manufactured
from 25per cent
agricultural crops and
75per cent post -consumer
waste paper.
0
LivingTree Paper
3
19
Company, USA
~
Renewableand 327,
recycled
33
0
materials
Conservationof
forestresources
Vi sion" and Re-
vision" printing paper
Kenaffibre is the principal
rawmaterial for the
manufacture of a range
of 100 per cent tree-free
and chlorine-free
printing papers.
0
VisionPaper, KP
3
19
Products, USA
~
Renewable
327
materials
Conservationof
forestresources
Papers. Inks
Printing inks
Alden & Ott manufacture a
range of heat-set soy-based
inks with about 20-25per
cent soy content and
colour pigments avoiding
the use of heavymetals.
0
Aldena(Ott, USA
3
12
~
Renewable
327
material
Cleaner
production
EcoPure
EcoPureis a range of inks
derived from soybeans.
The company also
produces a diverse range
of water-based flexographic
inks and specialist inks
for printing on metal.
0
Inx International
3
18
Ink Co., USA
~
Renewable
3
27
materials
Print ing inks
Anextensive range of
vegetable-based inks is
available for offset and
lithographic printing.
0
Flint Ink, USA
3
16
~
Renewable
3
2
7
materials
Soybean inks
Manufacturer of a diverse
range of inks derived
from soybeans.
0
Ron Ink. USA
3
23
~
Renewable
3
27
materials
FoxFibre
Renewable 3
2
7
materials
Clean
production
NaturalCotton 3
20
Colours, Inc., USA
Renewob/e
resources
Encouraging
animal
conservation
Dalton Lucerne
RareFibres Ltd,
UK
Various
manufacturers
4)
is ma de from
organic sou rces of natural-
coloure d cott on that
don't require dyeing and
so significant ly reduce
wate r usage and effluent
production du ring
processing.
Wool from rare breeds
of animal s is sp un and
woven into a range of high-
performance yarns and
fabrics.
.,
Lyons, DesignTex, and
Lothar Pfister and Fab iola
Fornas ier, Rohn er Textil.
After sc reening over
8,300 chemicals used
in conventi on al textile
manufacturing, the de sign
con sultancy concluded that
onlythirty-eight were really
safe, being comple tely no n-
toxic and non -hazardous.
Two natura l fibres were
selected, wool for it s
wa rmth and wate r-
absor pt ion properties,
and ramie, a flax-like fibre
produced in Indone sia,
for its coolnes s and water-
repellent prop erties.
Ciba Geigy assisted with
the develop ment of
natur al dyes and t he
meth ods of processing
and manufacture of the
textile at Rohner Textil' s
mi lls. Apparently, the
effluent wate r from the
factory was cleaner after
t reat me nt than the original
imported wat er source.
4)
RohnerTextil,
3'5 ,
Switzerland,Jor
3
2
3
DesignTex, USA
Durable, 327,
recyclableand
3
28
compostoble
materials
Non-toxicand
non-hazardous
manufacturing
Reductionin
water
consumption
during
manufacturing
e
Hemp Textiles
3'7
International,
USA
Renewable
3
2
7
materiais
Furrows, Carnegie and
Wintexfabricfrom
Clirnatex" l.ifecycle"
yarn
Desi gnTex com mi ss ioned
McDonough Braun gart
Desi gn Chemist ry to create
a new biodegradable fabric
for t heir office furn iture
systems. The new fabric,
Clirnatex" Lifecycle' ", was
designed by William
McDonough and Professor
Dr Michael Braungart,
McDonough Braungart
Design Chemi st ry,
USA/ Germany, wit h Susan
mould, mildew and UV
light, and it s use in China is
documented through ten
thousand years. Tens of
different pure hemp or
hemp/natural-fibr e fabrics
are designed by Hemp
Textiles Internat ional using
the Cant iva brand
hem p fibre. Fab rics ran ge
from heavy-duty pure
hemp canvas weighing
620 g/s quare metre (18.3
oz/sq yd) to lightweight
hemp/ silk or hem p/ cotton
mixtures weighing between
92 and 1939/square met re
(2.7 and 5.7 oz/ sq yd). Bulk
or who lesa le orders are
produced in co nt ractual
arrang ements with a
Chine se mill.
Designer Jasper Mor rison
has built on a lon g Scott ish
t rad ition of weaving woollen
text iles by creating a new
range offurnishi ng fabrics
for Bute Fabr ics in vibrant ,
cont emporary co lours, yet
t he durability and warm
surface textures associated
wit h t raditional crafted
products are ret ained . Bute
Fabri cs so urce mu ch of their
raw mat erials locally and
adopt clean produ ct ion,
mini mizing the use of
harmful su bsta nces duri ng
processing, as an integral
part of their environ me ntal
po licy. These fabrics are
suitable for restorat ion
project s and for new
furn iture.
Cant iva'
Hem p is a very strong
nat ural fibre, nat urally
resi st ant to salt wate r,
.,
Bute Fabrics, UK
3'3
Renewable
3
2
7
materials
Clean
production
Argyll CF727
Textiles
i
"
il
il
,
,
,
l
!
ii
1I
ji
I
'Jl
<
' 0
i*
:fa
:n
ij
:r
1
;:
unbleached textiles
D eingand bleaching both
y .' t
generate emiSSions 0 .
water and air during text ile
manufacturing, so [unichi
Arai borrowedfrom the
traditions of jacquard
woven fabrics to create
a striking series of
heavil ytextured, undyed,
unbleachedtextiles. ' Basket
Weave pockets' uses fine
cotton yarnand knitted
tapes to create a dens ely
woven fabric, while 'Korean
Carrot' is an undyed wool
weave with a felt-like finish.
junichiArai, cia 321
NunoCorp., japan
Renewable 3
27
materials
Clean
production
Recycled yarn textiles-
wool, cotto n
Mollsjo produces a range
offabrics byweaving
recycled yarns of wool and
cotton from reclaimed
denimjeans. Each fabric
run is unique and depends
on the mixture of yarns and
warp and weft settings.
0
One-ojfs, small
308
batchproduction
bydesigner-maker
Carina Mollsjii,
Sweden
Recycledcontent
3
2
7
'---
Green Cotton"
Well before 'organic'
became the adjective of
the late 1990s, compa nies
such as Novotexwere re-
examining the sustaina ble
features of their business:
Sources of rawmaterials
were analyzed and it was
discovered that hand-picked
cotton from pesticide-free
South American sources
required less cleaning
than intensivelygrown
'commercial' cotton. Long-
fibre cottons were selected
to provide a yarn that could
be woven to facilitate dyeing
with water-based dyes and
reduce chemical additives
throughout the product ion
process . As a result
Green Cotton is free of
chlorine, benzidine and
formaldehyde. Waste water
generated in processing is
chemically and biologically
cleaned in situ. Supply
chain management, cleaner
production and dust and
noise control have
also created a healthier
environment for employees
at Novotex.
0
Novotex,
3
21
Denmark
Clean
3
2
7
productionof
'organic'
naturalji bre
textiles
TENCEL
TENCEL" is a modern textile
that uses natural raw
materials in the form of
' lyocell' cellulose fibre
derived fromwood pulp
harvested from managed
forests. This lyocell fibre
is processed through
the unique TENCEL"
'closed loop' solvent
spinning process, which is
economical in its use of
water and energyand uses a
non-toxic solvent that is
continuously recycled. The
resultant TENCEL" fibre is
soft, breathable, absorbent
and fully biodegradable.
Luxurious surface finishes
are achieved by abrading the
wet fibres, a technique called
fibrillation. Awide varietyof
fibrill ated or non-fibrillated
(TENCEL AlOO) finishes
is achievable. TENCEL"
filament is suitable for
knitted and woven fabrics, is
softer in feel yet stronger
than cotton and provides a
good surface for printing
and dyeing. Many of the
world's leading fashion
designers have taken
advantage of the versatility
offa brics woven with
TENCEL" yarn.
0
AcordisFibres
3
12
(Holdings) Ltd,
UK
Renewable, 327,
compostable
3
28
materials
Clean production
Energy-efficient
production
Texti les
Terrazo Felt 'Colour
Chips '
This non-woven, needle-
punched, blanket-type fabric
fuses dye-chips into a 100
per cent-natural-coloured
alpaca-wool felt over a core
of polyester organdyto
produce unique pieces of
material.
0
Nuno
32
1
Corporation,
japan
Renewableand
3
27
recyclable
materials
Terrazo Felt ' Nuno'
Industrial-waste snippets
of various Nuno fabrics
and 'outtakes' in rawwool
are combined in a needle-
punched technique
to create an interesting
textured terazzo effect. The
constituents are 8Sper cent
alpaca wool with 1Sper cent
Nuno production waste.
0
Nuno
3
21
Corporation,
j apan
Renewableand
3
2
7
recycled
materials
Used drinks cartons are
mixed with industrial
scrap from the carton-
manufacturing plants
under the Ouales System
Deutschland scheme
to provide the ingredients
for this tough, water-
resistant board. The raw
material is shredded, then
compressed under heat
and pressure, causing the
polyethylene fraction to
melt and bond the
particles. It is suitable for
building and furniture
manufacturing.
Unicor
Unicor panel comprises
go per cent-recycled
wood fibres and particles
sandwiched between
surface layers of
polyethylene. It is used
in coach building in
the recreational vehicle
indust ry.
0
Tetrapak,
3
2
5
UK
(}
Recycfed
3
27
materials
Tectan
0
Unicor 3
25
Corporation, USA
(}
Recycfedcontent 3
27
Stokbord" and
Centriboard
Stokbord' is a smoot h or
embossed low-density
polyethylene (LOPE) sheet
available in standard sheets
in a thickness of 6, g,
12 and '4mm (between
about '/5 and 1/2in). It is
constit uted from 40-50
per cent post-consumer
waste and 50-60 per cent
industrial/ commercial
waste. Centriboard is
available in three grades:
L- a smooth LOPE sheet,
r.ymrn to 18mm thick
(about 1/ 20 to 7/lOin); H-
smooth HOPEsheet, zrnm
to 6mm thick (about 1/12
to 1/4in); and P- smooth
polypropylene sheet , zrnrn
to 6mm thick.
0
MAP(Merchants 320,
of Australia
3
26
Products)
Pty/Wharington
International Pty,
Australia
(}
Recycfedcontent
3
2
7
0
Centriforce, UK
3
1
4
(}
Recycfed 327,
materials
330,
Reduction in
340
embodiedenergy
(comparedwith
virgin plostics)
Encouraging
conservationof
timberresources
Recycfed Plastics, 323
lnc., USA
EnviroSaf e 316
Products, Inc., USA
Recycfedcontent 327
Recycfed 327
materials
o
e
Duraplast
Recycl ed mixed
polyethylene (HOPEand
LOPE) is bound with resin
to form general-purpose
boards and sheets.
Eco Panel
Plast ic recyclate
MAP manufactures a
range of mixed ABS/poly-
carbonate recyclates, which
are suitable for injection-
or blow-moulding of
furniture components.
RPl's Eco Panel is made
from HOPErecycled
plastics and is available in
ten sample mixes and
patterns ranging from
neut ral greys to mixed
primarycolours.
AERT s products are
manufactured from a
mixture of recycled
polyethylene (HOPEand
LOPE) plastics and waste
wood fibre. UfeCycie
and ChoiceOekare
plank sections suitable
for decking while
MoistureShield is suitable
for door, windowand
furniture constr uction.
AERT Li feCycle,
ChoiceDekand
MoistureShield
The sourcing of this fibre
board, made from go per
cent waste fibre from
paper, wood and plastics
with10 per cent adhes ives,
makes its manufacture a
viable proposition and
reduces waste disposal
while minimizing
embodied energy of
manufacturing.
ACATfibre board
0
Advanced
3
12
Environmental
Recycfing
Technologies
(AER1J, USA
(}
Recycfed
3
27
materials
0
AlaskaCenterfor
3
04
Appropriate
Technology, USA
(}
Recycfed 327,
materialslocally
34
0
sourced
Reductionin
embodiedenergy
.....",. '"
. " '
Holloplas
To date Centriforce
has supplied more than
' 50 ,0 0 0 tonnes of recycled
finished products to
construction, industrial,
agricultural and
recreational markets in
over thirty countries. It
offers an extensive range
of hollowextruded profiles
@
0
Henne Kunststoffe
3
18
GmbH, Germany
Recycledcontent
32]
Plastic planks,
profi les, stakes
Plastic lumber in the form
of planks, profiles and
stakes is manufactured
from recycled plast ics for
indoor and outdoor use.
Plastic profil es
Avarietyof round and
square profiles and stakes
are made from recycled
plastics.
0
Hahn Kunststoffe 31]
GmbH, Germany
Recycledcontent
32]
0
Environmental
3
16
PolymerProducts
Ltd, UK
Recycled content
32]
Govaplast"
Arange of square, round,
rectangular and tongue-
and-groove profiles is
produced using recycled
polyethylene and
polypropylene plastics. A
range of colours includes
charcoal grey, grey-green
and mid-brown. The T& G
is used in everythingfrom
fabrication of equest rian
buildings to outdoor
planters.
0
GOl/aerts 31]
Recycling NV,
Belgium
Recycledand
32]
recyclable
content
Epoch
Commingled, recycled
HOPEplastics are extruded
to form rectangular, squa re
or plank sections suitable
for a multiplicityof uses in
street and garden furniture.
Plastic board
Durawood
Ourawood is a high-density
material available in a
range of rectangular
profiles, which is made
ent irelyfrom recycled
plastics. It is especially
suited to the manufacture
of street and outdoor
furniture.
0
Save Wood
323
Products Ltd,UK
Recycledcontent 32]
Recycl ed plast ic
Stakes and posts are made
from post-consumer and
production waste.
Recycled HOPEis used to
manufacture new plastic
boards suitable for a wide
variety of applications.
0
Yemm", Hart,
32
6
USA
Recycledcontent 32]
0
CabkaPlast
3
13
KunststoJJVerar-
beitungsGmbH,
Germany
Recycled 32]
materials
e
NorthWood 3
2 1
Pfastics,Inc., USA
Renewableand 32 ]
recycl ed
materials
0
Yemm", Hart,
3
26
USA
Recycledcontent
32]
Frostex
Commingled, recycled
plastics are extruded into
sheets suitable for a
widerange of uses from
packaging to surface
laminatesand for general
product-design
applications.
Wood-Com
Wood-Com is a mixtureof
recycled plastic and waste
wood particles and dust.
It is easily moulded into
panels suitable for interior
designand automotive
fittings .
us ing a blend of recycled
plastic from was te
from retail dist ribution
(40-50 per cent) and
industr ial/commercial
waste including film,
pipe and packaging (50-
60 per cent) . Standard
sections are suitable for
decking, T & G flooring ,
fencing, railings and
street furn iture .
.,
Centri f o"e, UK
3
'
4
Recycled 32] ,
materials
33
0
,
Reductionin
34
0
embodiedenergy
(comparedwith
virgin plastics)
Encouraging
conservationof
timberresources
Plasticprofiles
A range of profiles is
ma nufactured from
recycled plastics.
.,
JosefMeeth
3
18
Fensterfabrik
GmbHCJ( Ca. KG,
Germany
Recycledcontent
32]
Plasticsheeting,
tubingand profiles
This company makes a
range of sheet ing for
construction and other
uses, tu bing and round
profiles from recycled
plastics.
e
MGSLGmbH,
3
20
Germany
Recycledcontent 32]
Partek
Partek manufacture profiles
and decking made from
recycled plastics.
e
Partek Insulations,
3
2 2
lnc., USA
Recycledcontent
327
Plasticprofiles
Round and square profiles
are manufactured from
recycled plast ics.
e
PlanexGmbH,
3
2 2
Germany
Recycl edcontent 32]
Plaswood
Reclaime d polythene and
polypro pylene - 30 per cent
waste from supermarkets
and 70 per cent production
factory waste - are
reblended into extrude d
profiles suitable for uses
requ iring tough, rot-free
materials .
.,
DumfriesPlastics
3
'5
Recycling
Recycled 32] ,
matetiat:
330 ,
Reductionin
34
embodiedenergy
(compared with
virgin plastics)
Encouraging
conservationof
timberresources
Plastic profiles
Planks, stakes and squa re
profiles are ma de from
recycled plastics.
.,
Pofy-Beek-
3
2 2
Kunststaff-
Hande/s-GmbH,
Germany
Recycled 32]
materials
Plasticstakes
Round profiles and stakes
are manufactured from
recycled plast ics.
.,
PURUS
32
2
KunststojJWerke
GmbH, Germany
(}
Recycledcontent
32]
Recydur"
Square profiles and sta kes
are made ent irely from
recycled plasti cs.
e
LSRGmbH 320
Recycling-
Zentrum,
Germany
Recycledcontent
327
Plastic profiles
and stakes
Planks, square profi les and
stakes are fabricated from
recycled plastics .
.,
Re-Reluma
323
GmbH, Germany
Recycledcontent 32]
Plastic profiles
Consu mer was te is t he
primary co nst ituent of a
range of plastic profiles
su itable for furniture.
.,
Transform Plastics
3
25
Ltd, UK
'.Recycledcontent
3
2
7
Profiles and st akes in a
variety of roun d and square
shapes are man ufact ured
from recycled plastics.
.,
WKRAltkunst-
3
26
stoffproduktions-
u. Vertriebsgesell-
schaftmbH,
Germany
Recycledcontent
32]
Plasticlumber
Commi ngled , recycled
plastics are extr uded into
a variety of recta ngular
sect ions, making an
alterna t ive mate rial for
trad itional uses such as
decking and outdoor
furnit ure.
.,
Yemmei Hart, 3
26
USA
Recycledcontent 32]
I
'"
a
... .
' . ,
.' f
".
:.-.
, : . . ' .
"f,
.,
Syndesis, lnc.,
3
2
4
USA
Recycled
327,
materialsusage
34
Reductionin
embodiedenergy
of manufacture
.Certifiedasa
recycledproduct
bythe
Californians
Against Waste
Foundation
Syndecrete"
Syndecrete" is a chemically
inert, zero out-gasing,
concrete-like material
composed of cement and
up to 41 per cent recycled
or recovered materials from
industrial or consume r
waste, Typical wastes
include HDPE, crushed
recycled glass, wood chips
and brass screwshavings.
Pulverized fly ash (PFA), a
waste residue from coal-
fired power stations , is
added to reduce the cement
requirement by up to '5
per cent and recovered
polypropylene fibre scrap
provides a 3-D matrixto
increase the tens ile strength
of this composite recyclate
concrete. It is easilyworked
and polished to create a
contemporaryterrazzo look,
t '.
.,
Safeglass
323
(Europe) Ltd, UK
Improvedhealth
3
28
andsaf ery
Safeglass
This special glass breaks
into harmless pieces when
shattered, making it ideally
suited to any application
where there is a risk of
impact.
.,
Various
Strong,
328,
lightweight,
3
29
tough
Potentialenergy
savingsinthe
usagephaseofa
product
foamed aluminium, varying
in density from high to ultra-
low, which are suitable for
applications where weight-
saving is critical to a
product's performance.
The final group, metal
matrixcomposites,
includes substances such
as alumina (fibre- or
particulate-reinforced),
boron, carbon, iron or
siliconcarbide bonded in
a matrixof aluminium or
magnesium. All these
lightweight metals are
high-embodied-energy
materials but can potentially
significantly improve energy
efficiencyin the usage phase
of a product byreducing the
amount of mass that has to
be moved.
Withadvances in
technologyit is now
possible to produce very
lightweight but strong
metals. The first group,
light alloys, such as
aluminium, magnesium,
titanium and berylli um, are
well knownand availablein
a diverse selection of
profiles, sheets and cast
forms. The second group,
metal foams, are specialist
Lightweight metals -
metal matrix
composites, metal
foams, light alloys
FirstGl ow
Ecoplast
Europol manufactures a
range of recycled plastics
entirely from material
discarded by consumers to
create injection-moulding
grades of HDPE, LDPE, PP,
HIPSand ABS and a blow-
moulding grade of HDPE.
These glass beads shed a
luminous glowafter the
illuminating light source
has been switched off.
Road markings and lighting
systems are suitable
applications of this new
materials technology.
.,
Product 20 0 0 Ltd,
3
22
UK
Energy-efficient
3
29
lightingmaterial
.,
Europol, UK
3
16
Recycledcontent
3
27
e
Various
Very durableand 328,
inert
3
29
Potentialenergy
savings inthe
usagephaseofa
product
dedcontent 327
ded 327
erials
wall panelling
g stones are
from 10 0 per
ed glass.
anmental 316
Products,
od dust and
re combined with
o create high-
nels, tiles and
e wall sections .
rformance
s
oiz-Beton 3'8,
ational, 319
K-XIndustries,
USA
mental stone
in ceramics
gyhave
ne-tolerance
uring of
from parts
gines to
ductors and fibres
cement. Alumina,
titanium, carbide and rare
earth minerals such as
zirconia bond withthe
clayparticles to form very
toughcomposites. The
composites can be formed
byslip casting, sintering
and even a form of
injection-moulding, so they
can be appliedto diverse
manufacturing ends.
SomeCeramic composites
arelightweight and so
offerpotentiai savings in
energy consumption when
appliedto power units
and/or mobility or
transport products.
Environ
Floor tiles,
and pavin
fabricated
cent-recycl
.,
Envir
Stone
USA
Recy
mat
Faswall
WastewO
particles a
concrete t
densitypa
ready-mad
.,
insulh
Intern
inc.]
Inc.,
Recy
High-pe
ceramic
Advances
technolo
enabled f
rnanufact
everything
for car en
supercon
for reinfor
Plastic sheeting
This sheeting is
manufactured from
recycled plastics and is a
suitable grade for
construction use.
NHoOl
NHoOl fabric has
similar performance
characteristics to PVC
(polyvinyl chloride) but
there are no emissions of
chlorides, phthalates or
other toxiccompounds
during the manufacture or
use of NHoOl. For this
reason it replaced PVC as
the roofing material for the
Mill ennium Dome,
London.
e
ORBITAFilm
3
21
GmbH, Germany
(}
Recycledcontent
3
27
.,
Carrington
3
1
4
Peiformance
Fabrics, UK
(}
Cleaner
3
27
production
.,
Wellman inc.,
32
6
USA
(}
Recycledcontent
327
EcoClear"
EcoClear"' is a resin and
film made from recycled
PET, which is suitable for
beverage and food
packaging.
e
CorrexPlastics,
3
'
4
UK
(}
Recycled
3
2
7
materials
Correx
This lightweight twin-
walled PP sheet is made
from 10 0 per cent
production and customers'
returned waste. It is
utilizedfor packaging,
self-assemblystorage
systems and tree shelters.
.,
Charles Lawrence
3
1
4
Recycling Ltd, UK
(}
Recycled
327
materials
Biopol' "
The polymer structure of
Biopol' " breaks down when
exposed to ultraviolet light.
The actual material is
PHBV, which is not a
biodegradable polymer
since it is not compostable
bybiological agents and
when it degrades remains
as fine particles.
Rubber granulate
This company
manufactures rubber
granulate, o.yrnrnto 30mm
(0.02 to o.i in) diameter
particles, from 100 per
cent-reclaimed scrap tyres.
The granulate can be
bonded with virgin natural
or synthetic rubber and
elastomers and is ideal for
play surfaces or other uses
to reduce impact damage.
.,
ICI Americas,
3
18
USA
(}
Rapidphysical
33
0
degradingaf
materialat the
endofitslife
Bionelle"
Bionelle" polymer is
physically degraded bythe
action of ultraviolet light
and mechanical agents .
e
Showa
324
HighpolymerCo.,
Japan
(}
Degradable
3
27
Polymers
Agro Plastic
Agro Plastic is
polypropyleneor
polyethylene manufactured
using a filler derived from
wheat straw. It was jointly
developed by PTI and the
USDAForest Products
Laboratory.
e
Pinnacle
3
2 2
Technology,Inc.
(PT/), USA
(}
Renewableand
3
2
7
biodegradable
components
Santoprene
Santoprene
e
is cross-linked
polypropylene (PP) and
ethylene-polypropylene-
diene-monomer (EPDM)
rubberwith a soft, yielding
texturesuitable for
moulding components for
hand-held equipment. Its
inherent qualities improve
usabili tyin items ranging
fromcameras to ski sticks
but its specialist nature
means disassembly of
Santoprene" parts is
essential to prevent
contamination of pure-
gradewaste streams .
e
Advanced
3' 2
Elastomer
Systems LP., USA
(}
Improveduser
3
29
comfort
Styradex, Propadex
Syradexis made from
recycl ed polystyrene (PS);
Propadex uses recycled
polypropylene (PP). Most
materialsare sourced from
production waste (98 per
cent) and small quanities
frompost-consumer waste
(2 per cent).
., Styradex Plastics
3
24
Recycling, UK
(}
Recycledcontent
3
2
7
Biosynthetic polymers
USSC manufactures a
range of specialist
polyurethane foams using
soybean oil. Like synthetic
PU, the USSCfoams are
suitable for everything from
loose-fill packagingand
furnishing to panels and
shoe componen ts.
.,
Urethane Soy
3
25
SystemsCompany
(USSC). USA
Renewable
3
2
7
content
Polymers
a
ro
3
ro
c...
ro
--
Vl
o
;:+>
Arange of water-borne,
vinyl polymer interior
paints cont aining less than
45 per cent volatiles is
certified with an EU
eco-Iabel. The company
is also registered with
the Spanish eco-Iabel
certification authority,
AENOR, and participates
in the Punto Verde (Green
Dot) packaging disposa l
scheme.
Pinturas Proa
.,
Pinturas Proa,
3
22
Spain
(}
EUeco-lobel 327,
Reductionin 328,
volatiles
339,
Recycledand
34
1
recyclable
packaging
Kei m paints
All the paints
manufactured by Keim use
inorganic materials that are
abundant in the geos phere,
including potassium
silicate binders, mineral
fillers and earth oxide
colour pigments. Granital
is an exterior paint with
a range of 350 colours
suitable for all mineral
substrates, Concretal
protects concrete against
corrosion and Biosil is a
water-borne, silicate-based
paint suitable for interior
applications. Ecosil is a
recently introduced
interior-qualitypaint, which
is water-based, contai ns no
chemical solvents and is
VOC-free. Keim are
certified to ISO'4001 and
ISO9001.
.,
KeirnMineral
3
19
Paints Ltd, UK
Useofabundant
3
2
7
inorganic
materials
Non-toxic
Nordsjo (Akzo
3
21
.,
NobeIOekorativ),
Sweden
EUeco-label 328,
ensuringlow
339,
VOCsand
34
1
generalreduction
intoxicity
Manufactured
with clean
technology/
eco-efficiency
practices
paints and varnishes in
the world, with zero VOC
content, independently
tested bythe US EPA
and the Swedish National
Testing & Research Institute.
The Ecos range is, however,
based upon synthet ic resins,
albeit non-allergenic,
harmless resins, processed
from crude oil, so it is not
from a renewable source.
Innetak and Bindoplast
At the paint manufacturing
plant at Malmo, Sweden,
Akzo Nobel produce over
30 million litres (6.6 million
gallons) of decorat ive
coatings and 16 million
Iitres (3.5 million gallons)
of industrial coatings.
Since '995 the company
has set itself a series of
environmental targets, such
as reducing the emissions
of solvents to the air by 50
per cent between 1995 and
1999 and reducing the total
energy consumption per
litre of paint manufactured
by 5 per cent between 1995
and 2000 . Innetak and
Bindoplast are decorative,
water-based emul sion
paints, which were the first
brand in Europe to receive
the EU eco-Iabel.
e
Lakeland Paints,
3
19
UK
Free of VOCs
34
1
andvinyl
chloride
Ecos
Biora is a range of water-
based acrylicresins
suitable for application to
walls, ceilings and other
interior surfaces. Qualifying
for the EUeco-Iabel, these
eight paints and varnishes
offer a reduction in a
variety of environmental
impacts of conventional
paints , especiallyVOCs
and toxic ingredients.
Teknos Tranemo are also
certified to ISO 9001 and
ISO 141 and are working
with the Swedish Paint
Makers Organization to
develop tools, such as
Iifecycle analysis, to make
further improvements.
Biora
Paints
This companyclaims to
manufacture the only
solvent-free odourless
.,
Teknos Tronemo,
3
2
5
Sweden
Cleaner 327 ,
production
339
EUeco-label
ensuringlow
toxicityof
constituents
ChapcOSafe-Set
The adhesives in this
professional range are low
inVOCs, non-flammable,
non-toxic and anti-
microbial and contain
no hazardous ingredients
as defined bythe
Occupational Safety
and Health Administration
(OSHA) Regulations. All
products are packaged in
recycled plasticcontainers
with printed labels on
recycl ed paper including
OSHA data on safety.
.,
Chicago Adhesive 3
14
Product'
Compony, USA
0
Non-toxicand 327,
sofe 3
28
Recycled
pockaging
materials
DasicAerostrip323
Thiswater-based paint
stripper was developed
specificallyfor the
aeronautics industry but
is suitable for removal of
paint from metals and
metal alloys.
.,
Dosie
3
15
International Ltd,
UK
0
Reductionin
3
2
9.
emissionsof
34
1
VOC,
Improved health
ond,afety
Home Strip
Powerful solvents, usually
methylene chloride
(dichloromethane or
OCM), are used in
conventional paint
st rippers. OCMis a skin
irritant and is highly
volatile, the fumes inducing
narcotic effects, and it has
recently been classified as a
Category3 carcinogen by
the EU. Home Strip is
OCM- and solvent-free, is
water-based and doesn't
give off fumes, yet is just as
effective at removing layers
of paint or varnish.
e
Eco Solution,. UK
3
15
Reductionof
3
27
toxicityand
emissions
Laybond Quickstick
Green
This synthetic rubber/res in
emulsion is a general-
purpose contact adhes ive
suitable for wall or floor
coverings and other
applications where a bond
is required to aluminium,
concrete, plaster, steel and
timber. QuickstickGreen
is water-based, non-
flammable and is much
safer to handle than
solvent-based adhesives
with VOCs.
.,
Laybond Product,
3
19
Ltd, UK
Non-toxic
3
27
Miscellaneous
(
Micro Thermal
3
20
Systems, UK
Improved
3
29
personal health
withbreathable
fabric
Stomatex
Stomatex is a breat hable
fabric ma de of a
com binatio n of neo prene
and polyeth ylen e, which
mim ics tra nsp irat ion, the
process of evaporat ion
of moist ure from leaves.
Perspirat ion vapour
generated by the activity
of the wearer is collected
in small dep ressions on
the ins ide of the fabric.
At eac h depression a tiny
pore provides an exit for
the vapour to the external
environment. Stomatex
is act ivated only when
sufficie nt body perspi ration
is generated, so this is a
responsive, 'smart' textile.
PlayItAgain Sam
DesignTex is a lead ing
man ufact urer of furnishing
fabrics . Play It Again Sam
is a polyester fabric ma de
entirely of fibres from
recycled PET bottles.
Otterskin
(
DesignTex, Inc.,
3
1
5
USA
Recycled 32]
materials
(
NunoCorporation,
3
21
Japan
Recycled 32]
materials
This 100 per cent-polyester,
non -woven, needle-
punched fabric is made
from recycled PETbottles.
Asurface coati ng of
polyureth ane provides
wind- and water-proofing,
yet t he material is
breathable and retains
body heat.
(
Eiectrotextiles Ltd,
3
15
UK
Dualfunction
3
29
material
El exTex
Cond uctive fibres are woven
with tradit ional , natu ral
yarns to create a flexible
textile su itable for a variety
of applications such as
electronic clothing, roll-up
keyboa rds and so on .
(
Wellman,lnc.,
3
26
USA
Recycledcontent
32]
Eco'Spun'"
Wellman is one of
the world's leading
man ufact ures of yarn
and textiles using PET
from recycled drinks bott les.
Wellman supply the
furnishing and clothing
industries, including
Patagonia, the outdoor
clothing com pany. Ecospun"
is a spec ialist fibre made
using recycled plastics.
(
SchollerTextil,
3
23
Switzerland
Potential health
3
29
andsafety
improvements
(
NunoCorporation, J21
Japan
Metal
32]
component ;s
recyclable
Brass Cloth
ComforTemp
' Phase Change' tec hnology
is use d in space
applications to
control temperatures.
Microcapsules woven
into fabrics moderate
temperat ures by changing
from solids to liquids. As
they convert from solids to
liquids they absorb body
heat and , conversely, when
they solid itythey release
heat , which is reabsorbed
by the body. ComforTemp
fabric is pleasantly
tactile , comfortable to
wear and illustrates
possible developments
in textiles that can
respond intelligently to
their sur roundings.
Textiles
Woven text iles combining
metals and nat ural or
synthetic yarns are
texturally and visually
striking and offer the
designer new possibilities
with shapes and ta iloring.
Brass Cloth, des igned
by Reiko Sudo, Japa n, is
part of the Metal series
manufactured by Nuno and
consists of 40 per cent
cotton and 60 per ce nt
brass from recycled wire.
Terratex
Made entirelyof recycled
pET recycled plastic
bottles, Terratex is a tough,
versatile, recyclable fabric
forfurnishing and similar
applications.
.,
Inteiface Fabrics 3,8
International,
UK/USA
Recycledand
3
27
recyclable
materials
Therrna-Pore, Ther rna-
Float, Therma-Foil
This company produces
a range of specialist
breathable fabrics suitable
for sports applications
and survival in extreme
conditions. Therrna-
Poreis a breathable
fabric, Therma-Float a
' high-buoyancy insulating
materialand Therma-Foil a
lightweight foam insulator
bondedto foil.
0
ThermaFlaat Ltd,
3
25
UK
Improvedhealth
3
2
9
andsafety
TreviraNSKjTrevira CS
This is a fabric made from
two types of polyester yarn,
Trevira NSK, which gives
strength, and Trevira (S,
which acts as a flame
retardant. Being 100 per
cent polyester, it can be
reworked by pleating,
dyeing and printing but has
the in-built advantage of
not requiring a flame-proof
coating. It is entirely
recyclable.
e
TreviraGmbH'" 3
25
Co. KG, Germany
Recyclable
3
27
Cleaner
technalaIN
4
iFDesignAward,
33
2
2000
Tyvek
With its durability and high
chemical resistance, Tyvek
was originally developed
by DuPont for protect ive
clothing but has since been
used for haute-couture
fashion and as a paper
substit ute for envelopes,
stationeryand various
printed media. Tyvek is
fully recyclable.
)
DuPont, USA
3'5
Recyclable
3
27
synthetic
material
Velcro"
Velcro" is a combination
of two nylonfabrics, one
woven with a surface of
hooks and the other with a
smooth surface with loops.
When juxtaposed the
two fabrics adhere as
the hooks take up in the
loops, creating a strong
'adhes ive' bond.
)
Velcro, USA
3
25
Temporary
33
0
bondingsystem
allowingreuse of
textiles
Textiles
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Designers, Designer-makers
Abbate Cinzia
Lbrgernst rasse 27 1FI, Setagaya Bernard Kerr and
.j>.
for t he It alian Ener gy CH8037 Zu rich. Switzerland
Tokyo ' 56, Japan Pejack Campbell
0
Authority: Offi cine T +4' (0)13615147 T +81(0)333246760 c/ o Solar Cooke rs
;:0
di Arch itettura di F +41(0)1361 5197
F +81(0)333246789 Int ernational <1l
1Il
Cinz ia Abbat e
Arai, Junichi
www.dnp.cojp/ millennium/ sb/
1919 zrst St, Suite 101 0
<:
Piazza S. Anast asia 3
see Nuno Corp orat ion
van.html
Sacrament o. CA95814
n
<1l 00186 Rome, It aly
Aros io , Pietro
Bansod, Abh ijit
USA
1Il
T +39 (0)66796498
Tit an Indu strie s Lt d
T +19164554498
Studio Piet ro Ar osio
F +39(0)6 69783038
Via Gaetano Giardi no 2/A
Tower A. Golden Encl ave F+19164554498
Ecinzia.abbate@flashnet.it
20053 Mu ggio (M I)
Air port Road
Esbci@igc.apc.org
Ackon , Gabriele It aly
Bangalore 560017. Indi a
www.solarcooking.org
see David Zyne
T +39 (0)39793237
T +9' 80526855'
Bernett, Jeffrey
Product ions, UK F +39 (0)39278 1088
Bar + Knell
c/o Cappell ini Arte/Capel li ni
Ad Rem Design
E studio@pietroarosio.it
7 Untere Turmgasse
SpA (see p. 314)
Indust riest rasse 25
Arzuaga, Amaya 74206 Bad Wi mpen
Berthier, Marc
CH3076 Wo rb, Swit zerl and
Irun Km 2025 Germany
Design Plan St ud io
T +4' (0)31 83207 10
934 Lerma Bur gos T +49 (0) 70636891
141 Bd St Michel
F +4' (0)3' 83207 14
Madri d, Spai n F +49 (0) 70636980
755 Pari s
AeroVironment
Einfo@amayaarzuaga.com E Baerknell@aol.com
France
www.amayaarzuaga.com www.baer-knell.de
Corpor ate HQ
T +33 (0)14326 49 97
825 S. Myrtl e Dr.
Atfield, Jane Barlow-Lawson, Stephen
F +33 (0)143 26 5462
Monrovia. CA91016, USA
244 Gr ays Inn Road Ground Suppo rt Edpstudio@wanadooJr
T +1 626 3579983
London WC1X81R, UK
Equi pment (US) Lt d
Besse, Hedda
F +16263599628
T +44 (0)20 72786971
11 Broadway, Room 1010
see IDEO Product
www.aerovironment.com
F +44 (0)2078330018
New York, NY10004. USA
Develo pment for BP
Ake ler Developments pic
Azumi, Shin and Tomoko T 888302DESKI
Solar Inte rnational
Grou nd Floor +1 212809 4323
20 Berkeley Squ are
953 Finchl ey Road
F +12128094324 BEST
London WI X5HD, UK
London NW11 7PE. UK E steve@bi omorph.com Bur o fur Produktgestalt ung
T +44 (0)20 7864 1800
T +44 (0)20 87319057
www.biomorphdesk.com Am Brogel i c
F +44 (0)20 78641801/ 2
F +44 (0)20 87317496
Baroli , Luigi
42283 Wup pert al
www.akeler.co.uk
E shin.tomoko.azumi@nifty. ne. jp
c/o Baleri It al i a
Germany
Alaska Center for http:/ / member.nifty.neip/
Via F. Cavallo tt i 8
T +49 (0)20288595
Appropriate Technology AZUMII
20122 Milan, It aly
F +49 (0)202 899 355
851 E.West Poi nt Drive
Baccarne Des ign
T +39 (0)27601 46 72
Bey, Jurgen
# 206
Baccarne bvba
F +39 (0)2760144 '9
Passerelsstraat 44A
Wasilla . AK 99654, USA
Gentbruggekouter E info@baleri-italia.com
'3 023 ZD Rott erdam 1
Amato , John ;
9050 Gent, Belgium
Bartsch Design Netherlands
Met a MorfDesign
T +32(0)9 232 44 21
Indus trial Desi gn GbR T +3' (0)104258792
2700 4th Avenue South
F +32(0)923244 30
Phi l i pp-Muller-St rasse 12 F +3' (0)104259437
Seattl e, WA98134. USA
E baccarne@planeLinternet.be
23966 Wismar
Ebey@luna.nl
T +12069036332 Bakker, Erik
Germany
Bill Dunster Architects
F +1 2062230853 Design Academy Eindhoven
T +49 (0)3841 758160
Zedfacto ry
Ecolin@metamorfdesign.com Emmasmgel ia
F +49 (0)3841 758161
Hope Hou se
And ringa,Jacqueline
PO Box 2125
Bergne, Sebastian
Molember Road
5600 CC Ei ndhoven
Design Academy Ei ndhoven
Netherl ands
Bergne Design for
East Molesey
Emmastngel iz
T +3' (0)402393939
Manufactu re
Surrey KT8 9NH, UK
PO Box 2125
F +3' (0)402393940
2 Ingate Pl ace
T +44 (0)20 8339 1242
5600 CC Ei ndhoven
Einfo@designacademy.nl
London sw8 3NS
F +44 (0)2083390429
Netherl ands
www.designacademy.nl
UK
Ebill.dunster@btinternet.com
T +3' (0)402393939
Bally, Boris
T +44 (0)20 76223333
www.zedfaetory.com
F +3' (0)4023939 40
F +44 (0)2076223336
E info@designacademy.nl
Atel ier Boris Ball y
Ebergne.dfm@mailbox.co.uk
BioRegi onal
www.designacademy.nl
The Rug Build i ng
Berkowitz, Adam
Development Gr ou p
3421 Bigelow Blvd
The Ecol ogy Centre
Anthol ogie Quartett
Pitt sbur gh, PA 15213
c/o Ar bor Vi tae (see p. 312)
Honeywood Wal k
49152 Bad Essen, Germany
USA
www.time.comftimefreports/
Carshalton
T +49 (0)5472 94090
T +1412 682 8118 environment/heroes/ gallery
Surr ey SM5 3NX, UK
F+49 (0)5472 940940
F +14126827244
Bernabei, Rina
T +44 (0)20 8773 2322
www.anthologiequartett.de
E Bad4Borr@aol.com
52 Regent Street F +44 (0)20 8773 2878
Apotheloz, Christophe Ban, Shigeru Paddi ngton, NSW 202 1 E info@bioregional.com
Industri al Designer
5-2-4 Mat subara Ban Bldg Aust ralia www.bioregional.com
S
Designers, Designer-makers
Blanca, Oscar Tusquets
F +44(0)1225 481737 Champi an, Brian Georgia Institute of
c/ o Escofet 1886 SA
E j ul ian@st udiobrown.com c/o International Design Technology
.p.
Resource Awards (IDRA) USA
0
Ronda Universitat 20
Buchner Design Studio
Design Resource Institute
:<J
E08007 Barcelona, Spain
1030Quesada Avenue Cramer, Dan
(l)
7406A Greenwood Avenue
V1
T +34 (0)93 3
,8
5
0
5
0
San Francisco, CA94'24, USA Golden Valley, Minnesota 0
F +34 (0)934
12446
5
Seattle, WA 98177. USA
c/o International Design
c
Burkhardt , Roland
n
Eescofet@escofet.com
c/o Sunways Gesellschaft
T +1206289 0949
Resource Awards (IDRA) (l)
www. escofet@escofet.com F +1 2067893144
Design Resource Institute
V1
fur Solartechnik mbH
Blejer, Danilea, an.d
www.designresource.org
7406A Greenwood Avenue
Macairestrasse5
Clerkin, Carl Seattle,WA 98177, USA
Bostel mann, Saskia
78467 Konstanz, Germany
14
8
Salvador Arditt i Domestic Hardware T +1 206289 0949
Sierra Chalchihie 175
T +49(0)753' 99677 0
F1 2-4 Southgate Road F +' 2067893'44
F +49(0)7531 99677 10
IBlsA 50'
E info@sunways.de
London Nl 311. UK
www.designresource.org
Lomas de Cahpultepec c.P.
www.sunways.de
Tt F +44(0)20 7249202'
Culpepper, Michael
11 000 Mexico City. Mexico
Buro fur Form
Coates, Nigel
Michael Culpepper
Boeri, Cini
Hans-Sachs-Strasse 12
Branson Coates Architecture
Architect
c/o Fiam Italia SpA
80469 Munich, Germany
23Old Street
2216West Addison Street
Via Ancona l/B
T +49(0)8926949000
London Eel V 9HL, UK
Chicago, IL60618, USA
61010Tavullia, Pesoro, Italy
F +49 (0)89 2694 9002
T +44 (0)2074900343
da Silva, Ronalda Edson
T +39 (0)721 200 51
E meekepburofurform.de
F +44(0)2074900320
c/ o Papa-papel, Brazil
F +39 (0)721
202
43
2
www.burofurform.de Colwell, David
De Denktank
Efiam@fiamitali a.it
Buro fur Praduktgestaltung
c/o Trannon Furniture
(Design Studio) Rotterdam
www.flamitalia.it
Limited
Netherlands
Boner, [org
Brendstrasse83
Chilhampton Farm
75'79 pforzheim, Germany de Haas, Marit
N2 Switzerland
T +49(0)7231 442" 5
Wilton, Salisbury
c/o Design Academy
TtF +4' (0)616934015
Ef-neuberteps.direktnet.de
Wilts SP2 OAB, UK
Eindhoven
En2@n2design.ch
T +44(0)1722744 577
Ernmasingel ia
www.n2design.ch
Cahen, Antoine
F +44(0)1722744477
Les Ateliers du Nord/
E info@t rannon.com
PO Box2125
Boontje, Tord
Antoine Cahen
www.t rannon.com
5600 CCEindhoven
tranSglass, Studio '9
PI. du Nord 2
Netherlands
33 Rushworth Street
CH1005Lausanne
Connell, Christopher
T +3' (0)402393939
London SEl ORB, UK c/o MAP (Merchants of
F +3' (0)40 2393940
TtF +44(0)20726, 9315
Switzerland
Australia Products) Pty Ltd Einfo@designacademy.nl
T +4' (0)21 3205807
Bredahl, PiI, and
F +4' (0)213205843
570 Chapel Street www.designacademy.nl
Risell, Liselott e
Eantoine.cahen@atelierdunord.ch
Sth Yarra, Melbourne
De Jonghe, Marc
Denmark Victoria 3' 4' , Australia
Orso Design
Epilbredahl@get2nel.dk
Campana, Fernando and
Constansia, Conn ie Antwerp, Belgium
Bristow, Stuart
Humberto
Design Academy Eindhoven www.orso.be
Campana Objetos Ltda
c/o Designed to a ' t' Ltd
RuaBarao de Tatui 21 9
Emmasingel ia
de Klerk, Sander
11 Maxwell Gds
Sao Paulo 01226030
PO Box 21 25
c/ o Design Academy
Orpington
Brazil
5600 CCEindhoven
Eindhoven
Kent BR6 9QR, UK Netherlands
Emmasingel 14
T +55 (0)11 8253408
T +44(0)1689 831400
+55 (0)11 36674317
T +3' (0)402393939
PO Box 2125
F +44 (0)1689 609301
F +55(0)11 825 3408
F +3' (0)402393940
5600 CCEindhoven
www.daat.demon.co.uk Einfo@designacademy.nl
Netherlands
Breess, Alfons
Carrasco, Pedro
www.designacademy.nl
T +3' (0)402393939
Design Academy Eindhoven
Ruada Liberdade 37
Conti , Jean-Remi F +3' (0)402393940
Emmasingel14
10 Esq 2800
Design Academy Eindhoven
Einfo@designacademy.nl
POBox 2125
Cova da Piedade, Portugal
Emrnasingel ia www.designacademy.nl
5600 CC Eindhoven Chadwick, Don, and
PO Box2125
de Leede, Annelies
Netherlands Stumpf, Bill _5600 CCEindhoven
Oak Product Design,
T +31(0)40239 3939 Herman Miller, Inc. Netherlands
Netherlands
F +3' (0)40 2393940 855 East Main Ave
T +3' (0)402393939
c/o International Design
Einfo@designacademy.nl PO Box302
F +3' (0)402393940
Resource Awards (IDRA)
wWW.designacademy.nl Zeeland, MI 49464-032, USA Einfo@designacademy.nl
Design Resource Institute
Brown, Julian
www.hermanmiller.com www.designacademy.nl
7406A Greenwood Avenue
Studio Brown Chalayan, Hussain Corkran, Julius T,
Seattle, WA98177. USA
6 Princes Bui ldi ngs Studio B, 1st Floor and Harp, Alan
T +1 2062890949
George Street
71Endell Street Center for Rehabilit ation
F +12067893144
Bath BAl 2EO, UK
London WC2H9AI, UK Technology
www.designresource.org
T+44(0)1225 481735 F +44(0)2072405220 College of Architecture
@
Designers, Designer-makers
Deka Research & Dolphin-Wilding, Julienne Dyson, James Fleetwood, Roy
Development (USA) 34 Cecil Rhodes House Dyson Appli ances Roy Fleetwood Ltd
0
www.indetech.com Goldi ngton Street c/o 20 Shawfield Street
Offi ce for Design Strategy
;;0
ro
Design Academy Eindhoven
London NWI l UG, UK
London sw3460, UK
1St John's Innovation Park
VI
T +44(0)207380 0950 T +44(0)2078838244 Cowley Road
0
Ernrnasingel i a
s::
F+44(0)2072521778 www.dyson.com
Cambri dge c64 4NS, UK
n
PO Box 21 25
ro
5600 CC Eindhoven
Edolphin@julienne.demon.co.uk
E+Z Design
T +44(0)1223 240 074
VI
www.julienne.demon.co.uk
Eroy.fleetwood@fleetv.oodlnc.com Netherlands
at Retrospace
T +3' (0)40 239 3939 Domus Academy
1824Grand Blvd FortuneCookies
F+3' (0)40 2393940 Via Savona 97
Kansas City, MO64108, USA
[jacob Jurgensen Ravn)
Einfo@designacademy.nl 20144 Milan
Ecke: Design
Denmark
www.designacademy.nl Italy
Albrecht Ecke
Ejacob@fortunecookies.dk
Designed to a ' t' Dougan, Brian
Am Neuen Markt 10
Foster and Partners
11 Maxwell Gardens Dept of Industr ial Design
14467 Potsdam, Germany
Riverside Three
Orpington University of Southwest
T +49(0)33' 2803885 22 Hester Road
Kent 6R6 9QRUK Louisiana
F+49 (0)33' 2803890 London SW11 4AN, UK
T+44(0)1689831400 Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
Eeckedesign@snafu.de
T +44(0)2077380455
F+44(0)1689609301 c/ o International Design
www.eckedesign.de
www.fosterandparters.com
www.daat.demon.co.uk Resource Awards (IDRA)
EI Ultimo Grito
Fritsch, Antoin e
Designteam, Hameln
Design Resource Institut e
Studio 8
c/o Hermes
c/o Vorwerk & Co.
7406AGreenwood Avenue
23-28Penn Street
28 Ruedu Faubourg
Teppichwerke GmbH
Seattle, WA 98177. USA
London Nl 50L, UK
St Hono re
& Co. KG
T +I 206 289 0949
T +44(0)20 77391009
75008 Paris, France
Kulhmanst rasse 11
F+1206 789 31 44
F+44(0)20 7739 2009
T +33 (0)1 4265 0337/
31785 Hameln
www.designresource.org
E grito@ btinternet.com
+33 (0)1 40 1747I)
Germany Dougherty, Brian
Enlund, Teo
FrogDesign
T +49 (0)5'5' 103a Celery Design Collaborative
F+49 (0)5
'
5
'
103377 23156 Prince Street
c/o Simplicitas
Torstrasse 105-107
www.vcrwerk-tepprch.de Berkeley, CA 94715
Grevgatan 19
10119 Berlin
11452 Stockholm, Sweden
Germany
Deuber, Christ ian
USA
T +1 5106497155
T +46(0)8 66100 91
T+49(0)3041 714a
N2 Buro
F+46 (0)866100 97
F+40(0)3041714 36
T +1510 8486716
Breisacherstr. 64
Einfo@celerydesign.com
www.sirnplicitas.se
www.frogdesign.com
CH 4057 Basel, Switzerland
www.celerydesign.com Erik Krogh Design
GAAN GmbH
T+4' (0)61 693 4011
Douglas-Miller, Edward
Denmar k
Sonneggstrasse76
Ditzel , Nanna
c/o Remarkable Pencils Ltd
Eerkr@dk-designskole.dk
CH 8006 Zurich
c/o Fredericia Furniture A/S
Worlds End Studios Espmark, Erik Switzerland
Treldevej 183
' 34 Lot s Road c/o Royal Institute T +4' (0)1 363 52 00
7000 Fredericia, Denmark
London SWlO OR) ofTechnology (KTH) F+4' (0)136352aS
T +45 (olls 9233 44
UK Nada Einfo@gaan.ch
F+45 (0)75 9238 76
T +44(0)207351 4333 100 44 Stockholm
www.gaan.ch
E ml@fredericia.com
www.fredericia.com
T +44(0)207352 4729 Sweden
Gardere, Adrien
E info@re-markable.com www.nada.kth.se
Cardere Design
Di xon, Robert
Dranger , Jan Ettenheim Design 49 Rue au Mai re
c/o Advanced Vehicle Design
L&M Business Park
Dranger Design AB (George Ettenheim) 75003 Paris
Norman Road
Stor a Skuggans Vag 11 41 Market Str eet France
Altri ncham, Cheshire
11 54 2 Stockholm Venice, CA 90291, USA
Gasser, Danny and Michael
WA144E5, UK
Sweden
Feilden Clegg Architects Hort, Ben Sheperd and
T +44(0)161 9285575
T +46 (0)8153 929
Bat h Brewery Quisinh Tran
F+44(0)161 9285585
F+46(0)8153 926
Tol l Bridge Road c/o 5/60c RaglanStreet
Esales@windcheetah.co.uk
Ejan.dranger@newsab.se
Bath 6Al 70E, UK Mosman NSW 2088,
www.windcheetah.co.uk Droog Design
T +44 (0)1225852 545 Australia
Dixon, Tom
Keizersgracht 518 F+44 (0)1225852528
Gehry, Frank 0 ,
c/o Cappellini
1017EKAmsterdam
Feo, Roberto Frank o. Gehry &
Arte/Capellini SpA
Net herlands
EI Ultimo Grito Associates Inc
Via Marconi 35
T 03' (0)206269809
Studio 8 1520-B Cloverfleld
22060 Arosio, Italy
F031(0)20638 8828
23-28 Penn Street Boulevard
T +39 (0)3' 759 111
Egbakkengixsaall.nl
London Nl 50L, UK Santa Monica, CA 90404
F+39 (0)3
1
763322/763333 Dryden ResearchCenter
T +44(0)2077391009 USA
Ecappellini@cappellini.it USA
F+44(0)20 7739 2009 T +1310 828 6088
www.cappellini.it www.dfre.nasa.gcv Egrito@btinternet.com F+1310 828 2098
@
Designers, Designer-makers
Girand. Ann and
Champian, Brian
730East8th, #3
Moscow, 10 83843, USA
gmp_Architekten
vonGerkan Marg und Partner
Elbchaussee 139
227
63
Hamburg, Germany
T +49 (0)4
0 88
'5
'
0
F +49 (0)4
0 88
'5
'
177
Ehamburg-e@gmp-
archltekten.de
www.gmparchitekten.de
Grcic, Konstantin
KonstantinGrcic
Industrial Design
Schillerstrasse 40/ 11 Rgb
80336 Munich, Germany
Griffiths, Jason
Higher Tideford Cornworthy
Tot nes, Devon
TQ9 7Hl, UK
T +44 (0)1803712 387
F +44 (0)1803 712388
GrOne, Ralf and Dallas Grove
PaloAlto Products
International
567 University Avenue
Palo Alto, CA 9431
USA
T +1 650 327 9444
F +1 6503279446
Grunert, Pawel
c/ o AlicjaTrusiewicz
Via Bramante 22/L
06100 Perugia, Italy
T/F +39 (0)75 5726470
Ealicjet@t in.it
Guixe, Marti
Calabria 252
8029 Barcelona, Spain
T/F +34 (0)93 322 5986
Ein(o@guixe.com
WWW.guixe.com
Haberli, Alfredo, and
Marchand, Christophe
c/ o Danese sri/Alias sri
Viadei Videttei 2
Grumello del Monte
24064 Bergamo, Italy
T +39 (0)35 442 0240
F +39 (0)35442 09 96
Hatton, Pamela
58Hardel Walk
London SW2 2QE, UK
T +44 (0)20 8674 9618
Hereford &Worcester
County Council
Technical Services Department
County Hall
Spetchley Road
Worcester WR5 2NP, UK
T+44 (0)1905 766 422
Hermann, Anette,
Designer MOD
Dampfae rgevej 27-305
OK2100 Copenhagen
Denmark
T/F +45 (0)355 5 " 64
Einfo@plana.nu
www.plana.nu
Hertz, David
SENSORY(design agency)
Syndesis, Inc.
2908 Colorado Ave
SantaMonica, CA 90403-
3616, USA
T +1 310 829 9932
F +1 3108295641
www.syndesisinc.com
Heufler, Prof. Gerhard
Koroisistrasse 5
A80101Graz, Austria
T +43 (0)316672258
F +43 (0)3166722584
Hofmann, Alfred
(Denmark)
c/o Fritz Hansen A/S
Fritz-Hansen UK
20-22 RoseberyAvenue
London ECI Rasx, UK
T +44 (0) 20 7837 2030
F +44 (0)207837 2040
Eroh@f ritzhansen.co.uk
www.fritzhansen.co.uk
Hoogendi jk, Martin
c/ o Droog Design
Keizersgracht 518
1017 EKAmsterdam
Net herlands
T +3' (0)20 62 69 809
F +3' (0) 80 63 88 828
Egbakker@XS4alLnl
Hooke Forest
(Construct ion) Ltd
Pamham House
Beami nster
Dorset oT8 3NA, UK
T +44 (0)1308862204
F +44 (0)1308 863 494
Einfo@hookepark.com
www.hookepark.com
Human Factors
c/o Oxo International
230 Fifth Avenue, znd floor
New York, NY10001, USA
T +1 212 242 3333
F +1 212 242 3336
Hutasoit, Renaldi
c/o Meta Morf, Inc.
c/ o Colin Reedy
2700 ath Avenue South
Seattle, WA 98134, USA
T +1 2069036332
F +1 206 223 0853
Ecolin@metamorfdesign. com
www.metamorfdesign.com
Hutten, Richard
52 Marconistraat
3029 AKRotterdam
Netherlands
T +3' (0)10 477 0665
F +31 (0)10 4257603
E reeel @pl anet. nl
IBM Personal Systems
Group Design
IBM Corporation
3039 Cornwallis Road
Research Triangle Park
NC 27709, USA
T +1 919 254 8650
F +1 919 254 8385
EHDavid@u5,ibm.com
www.ibm.com
lchi , Yoshihiro
Industrial Design Division
Minolta, Japan
www. minolt a.com
IDEO Japan
413 Axis Building
5-17-1 Roppongi
Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
T +81 (0)35570 2664
F +81 (0)35570 2669
Ekaoru@ideojapan_co.jp
IDEO Product Development
1033 University Place
Chicago, Il 60201, USA
T +1 847 570 4350
F +1 8475704351
IDEO Product Deveopment
Pier 28 Annex
The Embarcadero
SanFrancisco, CA94105, USA
T +1415 778 4700
F +1415 778 4701
E jlevin@ideo.com
ijs designers
7 Edis Street
London NWI 8lG, UK
T +44 (0) 2079166708
F +44 (0)2079166709
Independence Technology
a Johnson &Johnson
Company, USA
www.indetech.com
Interform Design
Am Wendervvehr 3
38114 Braunschweig
Germany
T +49 (0) 53' 2337810
www.interform-design.de
Ito, Setsu/Studio
'-T.O. Design
Via Brioschi 54
20141 Milan, Italy
T/ F+39 (0)289546007
Esetsuito@mic ronetit
Jacobs, Camille
100Taman Nakhoda
Villa delle Rose
257793 Singapore
TIF +65 4753581
E3_cordenier@pacific.net.sg
alain.cordenier@bbl.be
Jakobsen, Hans Sandgren
Faergevej 3
OK8500 Grenaa
Denmark
T +45 (0)86 32 00 48
F +45 (0) 86 32 48 03
Email@hans-sandgren.
jakobsen.com
www.hans-sandgren-
jakobsen.com
JamDesign &
Communications Ltd
1Goods Way, znd Floor
London NWI l UR, UK
T +44 (0)2072783263
F +44 (0)207278 5567
Ejamdesign@compuserve.com
Jerome, Mike
c/o Philips Electronics NV
Building HWO
PO Box218
5600 MD Eindhoven
Netherlands
T +3' (0)40 275 906 6
F +3' (0)40 275 909'
Eannemieke.froger@philips.com
www.philips.com
John Makepeaceand others
see Hooke Forest
(Constructi on) Ltd, UK
Jongerius, Hella
Schietbaanlaan 75b
3021 LERotterdam
Netherlands
T +3' (0)10 477 0253
E jong eriuslab@hotm ail .com
Jurinec, Ksenkja and
Grupa Dizajnera
Grupa Dizajnera
BarunaTrenka 5
Zagreb, Croatia
Kant, Judith
c/o Design Academy
Eindhoven
Emmasingel ia
PO Box 2125
5600 CCEindhoven
Netherlands
T +3' (0)402393939
F +3' (0)40 2393940
Einfo@designacademy.nl
www.designacademy.nl
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Designers, Designer-makers
Karpf, Peter Korb &Korb F+44(0)1706 817 227 McDermott , Ruth
..,.
Glen tevej 8 Schossli st rasse 36A Eplasfth@msn.com 52 Regent Str eet
o
;:0
3210 Vej by, Denmark CH540 8 Ennetbaden
Lovegrove, Ross
Paddington , NSW 2021
<1l T +45(0)48 70 6) 7) Swit zerlan d
Lovegrove Stud io X
Au stral ia
Vl
F+45(0)48 70 6) 79 0 T +4' (0) 562228120
21 Powi s Me ws McDonagh, Julie
c
n
Karl ono, Singh S Kotkas, Aki London Wll l i N, UK
The Inner Tube Ltd
<1l
Ar una Arutal a Hament ie '30E T +44 (0)2072297104
Un it Bl , The Wren Cent re
Vl
P OBox 187 005 60 Hel si nki, Fi nl and F+44 (0)20722970)2
Westbourn e Road
Temanggung 56200 T +)5850 5879077
E lovegroves_rmr@ Emswort h, Hampshire, UK
Centr al Java, Indonesia Eakotkas@uiah.fi compuserve.com T +44 (0)2)92 4)) 4))
Katayanagi , Tomu (Japan) Kuc kuck , Henner Macchion i , Sergio/SMAC
McDonough Braungarl
c/ o Fiam Italia SpA Nana Design Via Tom bett o 40
Design Chemistry, LLC
Via Ancona l/B 11- 55 45th Avenue 37135 Veron a, Italy 401 East Market St, Suite 201
61010 Tavull ia Long Island City, NY111 01 T/F +)9 (0)458200 279 Charl ottes vill e, VA22902,
Pesoro , It aly
USA E USA
T +) 9 (0)721 200 51
Kwa kkel , Eric-Jan Ma ier-Aichen, Hansj erg
T +1804295111
F +) 9 (0)721 2024)2
c/o REEEL Authentics artipresent Gmb H
F +1804 2951500
E fiam @fi amitalia.it
52 Marconi st rat Max Eyth St rasse 30
E info@mbdc.com
www.fiamitalia.it
3029 AK Rott erdam 71088 Holzerlin gen
www.mbdc.com
KFN Kaufmann
Netherl ands Germany Meller Marcovicz, Gioia
Produkt GmbH T +) 1(0)10 9254612 T +49 (0)70)1 6805a
102 Newark Street
Sager str asse 4
F +) 1(0)10 925760) F+49 (0)70)1680599
London El 2ES, UK
A6850 Dornbirn, Aust ria Laing, Patrick
www.authentics.de T +44 (0)20 7247 1282
T +4) (0)5572 2628) ADAPT=REACT Marczynski, Mike
F +44 (0)20 7)752668
F+4) (0)55722628)4 57 Holmesdale Road Business Li nes Ltd
Egmm@mrac.demon.co.uk
Ekfn.product@gmbh.vol.at
London N6 5TH, UK Harcou rt Street
www. rr-rac.demon.co.ukj
Kieboom, Nickie
T +44 (0)20 8)74 6665 Walkden , Wor sley
designgmm
c/o Design Academy
F +44 (0)20 8245)15) Manchest er M28 3GN, UK
Miles,) R
Eind hoven
Epatnck.adapt-reacteavrrgm.net
T +44 (0)1204 576)) 4
c/o Retail Place Ltd
Emmasi ngel 14 Landmark Design
E info@checkpoint -safety.com 34A Campden Hill Gard ens
PO Box 2125 Switzerland
www.checkpoint-safety.com
London w8 7AZ, UK
5600 CC Ei ndhoven
Glarni schst rasse 8
Mar i, Enzo
T +44 (0) 20 77270486
Netherl ands
CH 8640 Rapperswil
c/o Alessi SpA
F+44 (0) 20 72217012
T +)1 (0)40 2)9 )9)9
Switzerland
Via Privata Alessi 6
Miyashita, Shin
F +)1 (0)40 2)9 )940
T +4' (0)55211 84 25
28882 Crusina llo (VB) , Italy
c/ o Sony Cor porati on
E info@designacademy.nl
F +4' (0)55211 84 28
T +)9 (0))2) 868 611
Design Center
www.designacademy.nl
Elandmark.ch@bluewin.ch
F+)9 (0))2) 866 1)2
6-7-35 Kitash inagawa
Kill aars, Remko www.landmark.nl
E pub @alessLit
Shinagawa-ku
c/o Design Academ y
Les Ateliers Du
Mari nho, Reginaldo
Tokyo ' 41, Japan
Ei nd hoven
Nord/Antoine Cahen
(Brazil)
T +81(a)) 5448 7758
Emrnasingel ia
F+81 (a)) 54487822
PI. du Nord 2
T +) 9 (olJJ8 124 6641
www.sony.co.jp and
PO Box 2125
Einventor_br@hotmail.com
5600 cc Eindh oven
CH1005 Lausanne www.sony.co.uk
Net herland s
Switzerl and
Marriott, Michael
Moerel , Marre
T +)1 (0)40 2)9 )9)9
T +4' (0)21 )2058 07
Unit F2, 2"4,
182 Hester Street No. 13
F +) 1(0)402)9 )940
F +4' (0)21 )20 584)
Sout hgate Road
New York, NY10013, USA
Einfo@designacademy.nl
Eantoine.cahen@atelierdunord.ch London Nl 311 , UK
T +12122198965
www.designacademy.nl
Lewis, David (UK)
T/ F +44 (0)20 792) 0)2)
F +1 2129252371
Klug, Ubald
c/ o Vestfrost A/S
E marriott .michael @virgin.net
Emarremoerel@r cn.com
33 Rue Croulebarbe
Spangsbjerg Mel levej 100 Marlin, Gu y
Moinat, Christophe
75013 Paris, France
Post box 2079 Crown Studios
Pre-du-Marche 23
T +) ) (0)144)) 1) 882
OX-6705 Esbjerg 0 , Denmark Old Crown Cott age
CH 1004 Lausanne
F +)) (0)145)5)154
T +45(0)79 ' 4 2222
Greenham, Crewkerne
Switzerl and
F +45 (0)79'4 2) 55
Somerset TA18 8QE, UK
and
Konings, Jan
Looker, Philip
T +44 (0)1)08868122
71 Nor t hwold Road
c/ o Droog Design
c/ o Plasti cs fth Industry Ltd McCrady, Paul London E5 8RN, UK
Keizer sgracht 518
The St ables AeroVir onment T +44 (0)20 7502 0511
1017 EKAm st erdam
Sandh ol me Mill 825 S. Myrtle Dr ive
Mollsjo, Carina
Netherland s
Commercial Str eet Monrovia, CA 91016, USA
yxhammarsgat an 28
T +) 1(0)20 626 9809
Todmorden T +1626)57998)
533 1 Boras, Sweden
F +)1 (0)20 6)8 8828
Lancs 0114 5RH, UK F+1626 )59 9628
T +46 (0) )) 10 27 25
Egbakker@XS4all .nl
T +44(0)1706817 784 www.aerovironment.com
E mollsjo@hotm ail.com
1
Designers, Designer-makers
Designers, Designer-makers
Rogers, Mark Shetka, Stanley T +33 (0)14' 088282 Limited
.j>.
BUT All Paper Recycling, Inc. F+33 (0)1 4' 089665 Chilhampton Farm
0
81 Lothair Road North 10247 40th Street West
E starck@s tarckdesign.com Wilton, Salisbury
::u
London N4HR, UK Webster, MN55088, USA
www. phthppe.starck.com Wilts SP2 OAB, UK (Jl
1Il
T +44(0)2083417776 T +44(0)1722744 577 0
Shiotani, Yasushi Stark, Herbert, Dr, Kopf AG
t:
;:: Ruano, Maria c/o Canon, Inc.
Stutzenstrasse 6
F +44(0)'722 744 477
(Jl
c/o Bedrock Industries Design Centre 72172 Sulz-Borgfelden
Einfo@trannon .com
1Il
Seattle, WA, USA nO-2 Shimomaruko
Germany
www.trannon.com
Sadler, Marc
Ota-ku, Tokyo 146-8501 T +49(0)745475285 Teams Design
see Domus Academy, Italy,
Japan
Eh.stark@kopf-ag.de Hollwitzstrasse1
and American Hardwoods
T +81 (0)337582111
www.kopf-ag.de 73728 Esslingen, Germany
Export Council, USA
F +81 (0)3 5482 9711
Startup, Jasper Teppich-Art-Team
Efukujr@drc.canon.co.jp
Startup Design, NO. 4 Untere Gasse1
Sams Design
Shumacher, Sheri 126A Albion Road CH 7012Ferlsberg
103 Friern Barnet Road
Tapas London N169PA, UK Switzerland
London Nll 3EU, UK
426 N. Gay Street T +44(0)2079231223 T+4' (0)8' 252 8689
T +44(0)20836'8845
Auburn, Al 36830, USA E jasper@sta rtup design.co.uk
Thomas, Deborah
F +44(0)2083614305
E info@samsdesign.co.uk
Simmons , Roland Staton, John M 323(B) Grove Green Road
PO Box 3396 Anderson Design Leytonstone
Sanders, Mark
Santa Rosa, CA 95402, USA Associates, Inc. London Ell 4EB, UK
c/ o Roland Plastics
Smart Design in co-
175New Britain Ave
Thorp, lan, and Morris , Steve
Strida Limited
Wickham Market
development with
Plainville, CT 06062, USA
c/o Slough Rubber
Woodbridge
Oxo International
Steinberg, Erez, and Company, UK
Suffolk 1P13ooz, UK
Oxo International
Giasullo, Gia T +44(0)1753570 438
T +44(0)'728747777
230 Fifth Avenue, and Floor
Studio eg
Thorpe, Clarkson, and
F+44(0)1728748 222
New York, NY10001, USA
2431 Peralta Street
Beukema, Steve
E strida@rol andp lastics.co.uk
T +1 21 22423333
Suite 2437A
c/o Haworth, Inc.
F+' 21 22423336
Oakland, CA 94607, USA
One Haworth Center
Sandham, John, Einfo@oxo.com
Steinmann, Peter, and Holland, MI 49423, USA
and Lewis, Stan www.oxo.com
c/o LewSan Limited
Schmid, Herbert T +16, 63933000
Smith, Janice
c/o Atelier Alinea AG
www.haworth.com
3 Sutton Gardens
University of Kansas
Zahringerstrasse 14
Thun, Matteo
Hornchurch
Art and Design Building
Essex RM1 2 4LD, UK
CH 4007 Basel
c/ o Domus Academy
Room 300,
Switzerland
Via Savona 97
T +44(0)1708473842
Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
T+4' (0)61 6909797
20144 Milan, Italy
F +44(0)1708 524 389
E strnate@dircon.co.uk
Solar Century Holdings Ltd F+4' (0)61 6909790
Tilder , Henk
www.stairmate.co.uk
Unit 5, Sandycombe Centre
Stichting Art Depot
c/o Municipality of Almere,
1-9Sandycombe Road
Frans Halsstraat 3
Flevoland, Netherlands
Sant, Roy Richmond, Surrey, UK
5062 LJOisterwijk
67 Wil berforce Road T +44(0)8707358100
Netherlands
Titan Design Studio
London N4 2SP, UK F +44(0)870 735 8101
see Bansod, Abhijit
TfF +44(0)207704 1592 Ej l @solarcent ury.co. uk
Sugasawa, Mitsumasa
Tolstrup , Nina
Schneider, Wulf, Prof.,
www.solarcentry.co.uk
(J apan)
47 Warwick Mount
and Partners Southampton
Esugaeatendo-mckko.coIp
Montague Street
Schellbergstrasse62 Innovations Limited
Suppanen, IIkka
Brighton, East Sussex
70188Stuttgart, Germany
University of Southampt on
Studio IIkkaSuppanen
BN2 11Y, UK
Schreuder, Hans
Highfield, Southampton
Punavuorenkatu 1A7 b
TfF +44(0)1273 570 '79
MaY Concept & Design
Hampshire 50171B), UK
00120 Helsinki, Finland
E tolstru p@st udiom ama.com
Arnhem, Netherlands
T +44(0)23 8059 2035
T +358 9622 78737 www.studtornama.com
Einfo@moy.nl
F+44(0)2380593585
F +358 9622 3093
Topen, Paul
Einfo@sll uk.com
Esuppanen@kolumbus.fi
c/o Designed to a 'I' Ltd
Seiko Epson Corporation
www.southamptoninnovations
Sylvania Design Team 11 Maxwell Gds, Orpington
(japan) .com
Sylvania Lighting Kent BR6 90R, UK
www.epson.cojp/e/
Stachowicz, Wojtek International T +44(0)1689831400
Seymour Powell Limited 241 6 54th Place SW #15
20 Routede Pre-Bois
F+44 (0)16896093
01
The Chapel Seattle, WA 98116, USA 1215 Geneva 15 www. daat .demon.co.uk
Archei Road
Starck, Philippe
Switzerland
Trachsel, Sonja
London w14 90H, UK
Agence Philippe Starck
T +4' (0)22]170895
Av. de [ur igoz 2
T +44(0)207381 6433
27 Rue Pierre Pol;
www.sylvanta.com
CH 1006 Lausanne
F+44(0)20 73819081
92130Issy-Ies-Moulineaux Tam, Roy Switzerland
Edesign@seymourpowell.co.uk
France c/ o Trannon Furniture
T +4' (0)2'6013894
8
Designers, Designer-makers
Trubridge, Davi d
T +1 2062890949 Wannet, Edwin NE6 5TD, UK
44 Margaret Avenue
F +1 206789 J144 c/o Design Academy
TtF +44 (0)'9' 224J850
.j>.
Havelock North
www.designresource.org Ei ndhoven
Wurz, Gerard
0
New Zealand
Veloland Schweiz
Emmasi ngel 14
;;0
Tt
F
+64(0)6 87746 84
St iftu ng Veloland Schwei z
PO Box 2125
Teschniergasse 17 III
A 1170Vienna, Austri a
III
Etrubridge@dear.net.nz
Post fach 8275
5600 CC Ei ndhoven
0
c
http:/ t home.clear.nel.nzt pages.
CH301 Bern, Switzerland
Nethe rl ands
T +4J (0)40721 25
;:;
trubridge
T +4' (O)Jl J074740
T +Jl (0)40 2J9J939
Yamanaka, Kazuhiro
III
III
Univers ity of Eindhoven
Einfo@veloland.ch
F+Jl (0)40 2J93940
27 Burnley Road
(Buil di ng In it iat ive
www.veloland.ch
Einfo@designacademy.nl
London NWlOlEE, UK
Environmental St andards)
Velthuizen , A J
www.designacademy.nl
T +44 (0)20 8452 J0l8
c/o Design Academy
Warren, William
E kaz@ma.kew.net
Eur op ean Design Centre
Eindhoven
PO Box 6279
ww.modcons
Yurkievich, Gaspard
Emmasi ngel 14
5600 HG Ei nd hoven
Unit s ab + 2C
(Paris) c/o Tencel
PO Box 2125
Net herl ands
Vanguard Court
Acordis Fibr es
5600 CC Ei ndhoven
T +J1 (0) 408484848
36 Peckham Road
(Holdings) Ltd, UK
Net herl ands
F+Jl (O) 408484844
London SE5 8QT. UK
www.acordis.com
T +Jl (0)40 2J9J9J9
Einfo@edc.nl
TtF +44 (0)2077084154
www.tencel.com
F+J1 (0)40 2J9 J94
0
WeL L Desig n Associates
Zanussi Ind ustrial
Einfo@designacademy.nl
Vi nk, Frits, Ing
Hu is ter Heidewe g 56
Design Cent re (Italy)
www.designacademy.nl
Eusebiusbuitensinge l 37
3705 LZ Zeist
Elect rolux Zanussi
University of
6828 NX Arnhem
Netherl ands
c/o AB Elect rol ux
Technology Delft
Netherl ands
T +3' (0)306925544
Elect rol ux Group
j affal aan 9
Tt F +Jl (0)261684 20
Einfo@welldesign.nl
Environmental Affair s
2628 BX Delft, Netherl ands
Evink.design@atagmail.nl
www.welldesign.nl
10545 Stockholm
van de Voorde, Patrick
VK & C Part nersh i p
Wettstein , Robert A
Sweden
c/ o Phil ips Lighti ng BV
(Ian Cardnuff and
Struct ur e Design
T +46 (0)87387666
Haarmanweg 25
Hamid von Kot en)
Josefstra sse 188
F+46 (0)8 7J8 0598
4538 AN Temeuzen
2/2 248 Woodl ands Road
CH8005 Zur ich, Switzerl and
E environmental.affairs
Netherlands
Glasgow G36ND, UK
T +4' (0)1272 9725
@electrolux.se
T +3' (0)115684 J18
Tt F +44 (0)141 JJ22049
F+4' (0)12720717
Zbryk , Burges
F+3' (0)115684448
Vogelzang, Ma rije
Erobert.wettstetntp gmx.ch
c/ o Int ernat ional Desi gn
Erene.abein@philips.com c/ o Design Academy
www.change.tojcomfort
Resource Awards (t DRA)
van Maanen, Martijn
Eindhoven Wie gand, Lorenz
Design Resour ce Inst it ut e
c/o Design Academ y
Emmasingel ia Pool Produ cts
740 6AGreenwood Avenue
Eindhoven
PO Box 2125 Metzerstr asse 19
Seatt le. WA 98177. USA
Ernmasingel ta
5600 CC Ei ndhoven 10405 Berlin , Germany
T +12062890949
PO Box 2125
Netherl ands T +49 (o)Jo 440 555 16
F+1206789 J144
5600 CC Ei ndhoven
T +31(0)402J9J9J9
EPOOL-products@lonline.de
www. designresource.org
Netherl ands
F+J1 (0)40 2J9J940
Wiesendanger , Kiibi
Zi ll ig, Michel
T +3' (0)40 2J9 J9J9
Einfo@designacademy.nl
Avant de Dormir
c/o Design Academy
F+3' (0)40 2J9J940
www.designacademy.nl
Via Turat o 3
Ei nd hoven
Einfo@designacademy.nl
Vuarnesson, Bernard
20121 Mi lan, It aly
Emmasingel ia
www.designacademy.nl
Sculptures-j eux T +J90 (0)2 6599990
PO Box 2125
vanSeveren, Martin
18 Rue Dom at F+J90 (0)2 657 1058
5600 CC Eindh oven
Galgenberg 25
75005 Paris
Emarina wiesendanger
Netherl ands
T +Jl (0)40 2J9J9J9
9000 Gent. Belgium
France
marina@avantdedormir.com
F+Jl (0)40 2J9 J940
T +J1(0)292 3J89 99
T +J3 (0)14J 5420 J9 Will at , Boyd E info@designacademy.nl
VarioPac Disc
F+JJ (0)14J 548JJ2 see Willa! Wr it ing www.designacademy.nl
Systems GmbH
E sculptures.jeux@wanadoo.fr Instrument s
Hangbaumst rasse '3
Walpole, Loi s Will i amson, Damia n
3
22
57 Bunde, Germany
100 Fairh ur st Road Biorneborgsvagen ' 3
T +49 (0)5221 7684 17
Londo n E3 4EH, UK 12263 Enskede
F+49 (0)52217684 20
TtF +44 (0)20 75156014 Stockholm, Sweden
WWw. variopac,com
Wan ders, Marcel
T +44 (0)20 88744046 (UK)
Varney, James Van Diemenstraat 296
T +46 (0)86 49 11 J1
c/o International Design 1013CR Am sterdam
(Stockholm)
~ s o u r Awards (I DRA) Netherl and s
Wilson, Neil
eSlgn Resource Instit ut e T +J1 (0)20422 1JJ9
180 Sackvil le Road
7406AGreenwood Avenue F+Jl (0)204227519
Heat on
Seatt le, WA 98177. USA
Newcast le-upon-Tyne