Paraphrase explains or clarifies something Antiphrasis An ironic sentence that says the contrary of what we want to say Paradox

ox a self-contradictory statement Hyperbole an exaggeration to create comic effect Tropes figures of speech based on substitution Denouement climax Epanalepsis use of the same word at the beginning and at the end of a sentence Chiasmus an ABBA structure Antanaclasis play on two different meanings of the same word Oxymoron contradictory terms used in conjunction Polyptoton Words of the same family in the same sentence. Anadiplosis repetition at the beginning of a phrase of a word with which the previous phrase ended. Epiphora the same word used at the end of successive lines. Cataphora use of a pronoun before a name in the same sentence. Anaphora several lines beginning with the same word. Preterition omitting something but saying it. Epizeuxis a word repeated immediately for emphasis. Personification human characteristics attributed to an abstract idea, an animal or an object. Redundancy / Pleonasm use of more words than re uired to express an idea Alle ory representation of abstract ideas by a figure or a character. !etaphor comparison between two different entities. Comparison / "imile compares two things using !li"e#, !as#, !than#, or verbs such as !resembles#. !etonymy something is not called by its name but by a word associated in meaning with it. "ynecdo#ue when a term for a part of something refers to the whole of something. Antonomasia a defining word or phrase substitutes a person$s name Paranomasia play on words Ellipsis !%# leaves out a portion of the text Alliteration &epetition of initial consonants Consonance &epetition of consonant sounds Assonance &epetition of vowel sounds