Clutch Operation

Hydraulic pressure not directed at the clutch: clutch releases

Friction discs and steels turn independently

Driving clutch engaged: fluid directed into clutch drum

Fluid pressure is applied to large piston on inside of drum Piston is applied against discs to compress springs and lock clutch through pressure plate Pressure is released: piston is pushed away
2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

One-Way Clutches
Characteristics
Holds part of planetary gearset from turning Commonly used in drive low gear Have inner and outer race and a set of springs and rollers Sprag clutch: different-shaped locking device between inner and outer races Mechanical diode: used in some torque converters and transmissions

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Bands and Accumulator

Steel straps with friction lining on inside
Single or double wrap
Double wrap bands are used for low and reverse

Servo operates a band

Fluid pressure is directed into the servos cylinder to apply the band

During shifts: some parts held and others driven

Shuddering or damage result if two components applied at same time
Accumulator has piston and reservoir that must fill before pressure applied to driving device
2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Hydraulic System and Fluid Pump

Hydraulic system
Makes fluid pressure that transmits power through the torque converter

Fluid pump does several things

Creates hydraulic pressure Lubricates transmission parts Fills torque converter Circulates fluid throughout transmission Pressure operates valves
2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Types of Pumps
Three types
Rotor type Internal/external gear crescent type Vane type

2012 Delmar, Cengage Learning