AQAY Mark scheme ALLIANCE Unit CHM331 SECTION A ‘Answer alll the questions in the spaces provided. 1 The equation below represents a reaction between methane and chlorine. CHA(g) + Ch(g) —> CHSCi(g) + HOU) (a) State an essential condition required for this reaction to occur. Explain why this condition is essential. sunlight of 450°C or High Hem a break (a-c) bad Condition Explanation (b) (i) _ State the type of mechanism involved in the above reaction. Free) cadical substitute, @) Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 a (4 marks) (©) In addition to CHCl, compounds such as CHCl, and CH;CH,CI may also be formed. when chlorine reacts with methane. (i) Write equations for the two steps in the mechanism by which CH,Cl, is formed from CH3C1 Cig + ee CHG 4 HK ” ae eWay (i) Write an equation to represent a step in the mechanism in which CH3CH,CI is formed. CHyGs + CH3- >» CH CHL CHzcH, A+ Le Q) or CHSCAy + Us a SRS He (@ marks) «ey pak have CHs CHU a0 pradauck ) Ratpr cos) Pemohat obsemce of + once oly Turn over > APWIOLQICHM3W Lewes32 2 (a) In the manufacture of margarine, unsaturated vegetable oils such as sunflower oil are hardened. (i) State the reagent and conditions used in this process. Also Reagent ren m3 X max Conditions M3 ted te ALAS (ii) Soft and hard margarines are obtained from the same vegetable oil. How does the structure and the melting point of a soft margarine differ from that of a hard one? Difference in structure .SOFt..motgatine WA2 hydrogenated ov have Mole C=C bends of iV mate unsatufaled Han hovd motgorine| @) __ lgnere( Pe) 2Na20 then, Fao wok ee meonson se ofr han Lower maltoag peat” U) (5 marks) (b) In the presence of reagent X, the alcohol shown below undergoes a reaction to form two isomeric alkenes. Ld CHs-C-C-CH HOCH; (Name this alcohol. Gi) Give the name of the type of reaction involved in the formation of the two alkenes. Slimumatton of dahydrahon 20 (iii) Suggest the identity of reagent X. ])Hasoy or Gg Pag - Name or cotred formula (1) (iv) Give the structural formulae of the two isomeric alkenes. Alkene 1 Alkene 2 WW Haas Coens cis i= Sas cH pens) w ” (Cdavole band Sh lat Sheer) (Accage em carts Uroumiodgumne structures) (5 marks) 1f Wut-tere amd Ovr-2-eme offered, llew Az APWrOlG2ICHMSW @