AKyiTaw Tawthargyi

tMunfawmf awmom;BuD;
tMunfawmf
]]awmom;BuD;}}
Academy Myanmarcupid Community -1-

t rSefawmY uRefawmfu awmom;vnf; r[kwf&aygifAsm .../
.
SK
'gayr,fY uRefawmfYtaz OD;xGef;Edkifu awmom;As .../
RI
N
W
tazu armfvNrKdifuae a&vrf;c&D;eJY wpfntdyfoGm;rS a&mufwJY u&if'dkuf½Gmom; .../

rO
ou
olUtouf ½SpfESpfavmufrSm ppfBuD;jzpfvdkY armfvNrKdifNrKdUudk xGufajy;vm&muae olYvdkyJ

ty
ea
ppfa½Smif&if; uwdk;aumYESyfu ajymif;ajy;vmwJY uRefawmfwdkY ]rmwmarmf',f a':nGefYEG,f}eJY taMumif;

ll b
ygMuwmuvm;/
wi
ok
tJ'Dwkef;u uRefawmfwdkY rarG;ao;bl;aygY/ ([,f ... tckrS taztar nm;wkef; ½Sdao;/

bo
]yEéuf}uav;awmif r½kduf&ao;bJ uav;u b,fYES,farG;rSmwHk; .../)

his
ft
eo
ESpfa,mufvHk;uawmY awmolawmifom;rsm;yDyD awmrSm ae&wmudkyJ ESpfoufMuygw,f/

us
ial
erc
tazu 0efxrf;jzpfawmY 0efxrf;wdkY bmombm0 ajymif;a½TU&wmaygYAsm ... 'gayr,fY

mm
awmobm0udk BuKdufwJY uRefawmfYtazu olYADZtwdkif; awm½GmawGrSmyJ vSnfhywfwm0ef xrf;aqmif

Co
cJY½Smw,f/

olrsm; roGm;csifwJY acgifayYeufayYqdkwJY awm½Gmrsm;qdkvdkYawmY uRefawmfYtazwdkYrsm;
tonf;,m;aeNyD ... oGm;r,f vmxm;yJ/ 'DawmY 'DawmBuKdufrdbESpfyg;aumif;rSK taMumif;jyKNyD;
uRefawmfwdkYvnf; u&ifjynfe,f? rGefjynfe,ftESHY ra&mufzl;wJYae&m r½SdcJYbl;/ NrKdUawmYrygbl;aemf ...
awmudk ajymwm .../
awm ... awm .../ jr0wD? awmifoHk;vHk;? aumYu&dwfuae (tJ'Dwkef;u tifrwefacgifw,f

qdkwJY) cvnfwHcGefwdkif? rGefwHcGefwdkif? vSKdif;bJGU? Mumtif;qdyfBuD;? awmifMumtif;ponfjzifY aecJY&wJY
tjyif rGefjynfe,f q,fNrKdUe,fvHk; raecJYzl;wJYNrKdU r½SdcJYbl;/ ('gawmif tdrfu xGufajy;NyD; &cdkif
a&mufwJYtaMumif; rajymao;bl;/)
ajym&OD;r,f .../ tazu 0efxrf;aumif;As/ taz pNyD; 0efxrf;tjzpf wm0efxrf;aqmif

uwnf;uae yifpif,lwJYtxd cGifYwpf&ufrS r,lcJYzl;bl;/ wm0efeJYywfoufNyD; vpf[if; ysufuGuf
cJYwm r½Sdbl;/
olYtvdkvdkae&if;eJYudk pHjy0efxrf;aumif; jzpfaewmav/
'Davmuf 0efxrf;aumif;jzpfcsifwJY tazYudk olYtxuft&m½Sdrsm;u awmyJ ydkUygw,f/
awmydkYawmYvnf; tazu aysmfaysmfyJ .../ oludk,fwdkif awmrSm aecsifolqdkawmY uRefawmf

wdkYudk vufqJG awmxJoGm;wmyJ/ tJ'gaMumifY ajymwmaygY .../
cif&,f .../
trSefawmY uRefawmfu awmom;vnf; [kwf&aygifAsm.../
.
SK
RI
____________________________________________ N
____________________________________________
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
i al
erc
mm
Co

ajym &OD;r,f .../

uRefawmfYtazu tJonfvdk tjypfuif;atmifaewJYtjyif tcsdefudkvnf; t&rf;av;pm;
ygw,f/
.
SK
RI
½Spfem&D csdef;xm;wJYtvkyfudk ½Spfem&D twdtus oGm;ygw,f/ ydkvnf;rydkbl;/ vdkvnf;
N
rvdkbl;/
W
rO
ou
q,fem&Dqdkvnf; 'DvdkyJ/ q,fem&D twdtusyJ vHk;0tcsdefrrSm;bl;/ uRefawmf tckvdkajymvdkY

ty
uRefawmfYtaz&JU tcsdefwdusyHkudk av;av;eufeuf cefYrSef;rdrSm r[kwfygbl;/ taotcsm cefYrSef;vdkY

ea
ll b
&atmif uRefawmfwdkY nDtpfudkckepfa,mufeJY om"u ½Sif;jyygr,f/ taz arG;xm;wmu nDtpfudk

wi
ckepfa,muf/ tm;vHk; ESpfESpfjcm;pDyJ/ taz vHk;0tcsdefrrSm;bl;/ aemufESpfESpfMum&if wpfa,muf?

ok
uGufwdyJ/ tm;vHk; ckepfa,muf .../ tJ'DckESpfa,muf arG;zdkY taz q,fYav;ESpfwdwd tcsdef,lcJYw,f/

bo
his
ft
tazYtcsdef wdusyHk ajymygw,f .../

eo
us
'gawmif tazeJY taru rwnfhvdkY/ rsufESmcsif;qdkifwmeJY &efjzpfwmyJ .../ &efjzpf&ifvnf;

ial
erc
tazu odyfrmeBuD;wm../
mm
Co
olcsnf; txkyfqJGqif;awmYwmyJ .../

NyD;awmY tazu wjcm;vlawGeJYqdk nifomaysmYaysmif;oavmuf tareJYqdk&ifawmY cyfrmrmyJ
qufqHw,f .../
]]udkxGef;Edkif 'Dt0wfawG avQmfvdkufygvm;}} qdk ...
]]at; ... avQmfw,f bmjzpfvJ ...}}
awGUvm; ... cyfrmrmyJ/
]]udkxGef;Edkif ydkufqHravmufvdkY ay;ygOD;}}
]]a&mY ,loGm; ... pum;r½SnfeJY}}
]]udkxGef;Edkif xrif;csufvdkufOD;}} qdk ...
]]csufw,fuGm ... bmvkyfcsifvJ ...}}
tazu tJvdkudk rmwm/
uRefawmf tarYudk ar;zl;w,f .../
]]tar&,f ... tazeJY tar 'Davmufrwnfhwmawmif bmvdkY uav;ckepfa,muf arG;cscJY

wmvJ ...}} qdkawmY taru ...
]]tdkuG,f ... eifYtazu ESpfESpfwpfcg olrSm;aMumif; vmawmif;yefwmudk; ...}}
.
SK
a[m ... 'gvnf; wdusjyefa&m .../ RI
N
W
rO
____________________________________________
ou
____________________________________________
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
i al
erc
mm
Co

i,f i,fwkef;uaygY .../
.
SK
e,fawGqdk cPcP ajymif;zl;w,f/ wpfae&m ajcmufvuae tvGefqHk;aecJYwJY bDvl;uRef;rSm
ajcmufESpftxdaygY/ RI
N
W
rO
e,fajymif;&wm aysmfp&mawmY aumif;ygw,f/ e,fajymif;NyDqdk ygaeus rD;cdk;aMumifY rJwl;

ou
aewJY 'eftdk;pkwfBuD;ESpfvHk;udk vHkcsnfeJYxkyf? ppfjcifaxmifa[mif;BuD;wpfxnfudk zsmvdyfxJxnfh?

ty
t0wftpm;pkwfawG apmifeJYcsnf/ 'DvdkyJ acgif;½GufNyD; ajymif;Mu&wm/ ZdrfcHypönf;qdkvdkY xdkifcHkrajymeJY

ea
ll b
aowåmawmif rygbl;/ ,ckacwf 0efxrf;rsm;vdk wDAD? a&cJaowåm a0;a&m .../

wi
ok
0wf&wmuvnf; jrif;acgif;pGyfus,feJY oifwdkif;wpfxnfpDyJ ½Sdw,f/ ajym&OD;r,f ...

bo
t0wftpm;taMumif; .../
his
ft
eo
i,fi,fwkef;uqdk tusÐtopfqdkwm wpfcgrS r0wfzl;cJYbl;/ tazu ol tcsdefwduscJYwJY

us
olYom;orD;awGxJu tBuD;qHk;wpfa,mufudkyJ topf0,fay;w,f .../ tazu tJ'DrSmvnf; wdus

i al
erc
jyefa&m/ Z,m;qJGNyD;awmYudk yvefcscJYavovm;yJ .../

mm
Co

tBuD;qHk;wpfa,mufudk tusÐt0wftpm; 0,fay;w,f/ ESpfESpfMum&if aemufwpfa,muf
wufvm&if tJ'Dt0wfudk ol,l0wf/ uGufwdyJ/ olNyD; aemufwpfa,muf/ olNyD; aemufwpfa,muf/
tJ ... tJ'DrSm tBuD;qHk;awGu jyóemr½Sdayr,fY uRefawmfwdkYti,fawGusawmY jyóem ½Sdjyefa&m .../
racsmu olYtvSnfhuawmY olu rdef;rudk; .../
&vmwJY vHkcsnfawGudk txufqifawGwyf? a'gufawGwyfNyD; 0wfawmYwmaygY .../ uRefawmf

wdkYu olYti,fawGqdkawmY olYqDu usvmwmawGudk txufqifawGjzKwf? a'gufawGjzKwfNyD; 'Dtwdkif;
jyef0wf&wm/
'gaMumifY ausmif;aewkef;uqdk q&mrawG&JU t½kdufcH&&if uRefawmfwdkYu ydkt½kdufcH&w,f .../
[kwfw,fav .../
]]½kyfMunhfawmY ausmuf½kyfrsKd;? zifrSmMunfhawmY a'gufcsKyf½kd;}} qdkawmY q&mru olYudk

aemuf&ygYrvm;qdkNyD; BudrfeJYudk ykdqJGwm .../
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
.
SK
RI
N
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
ial
erc
mm
Co

aMomf .../
.
SK
RI
N
i,fb0 taMumif;uav; jyefawG;&if; aecJY&wJY e,fav;awG vGrf;vdkufwm/ tJ'Dae&m
W
rO
uav;rSm uRefawmfwdkYaewkef;u vrf;yef;qufoG,fa&;u tckvdk r[kwfao;bl;/ wpfywfaerS

ou
um;wpfpD; t0iftxGuf ½Sdwm .../

ty
ea
ll b
aps; r½Sdbl;/ or0g,rqdkif r½Sdbl;/ ½kyf½Sif½kH r½Sdbl;/ ½GmrSmaewJYvlawGu ukd,fpm;csifwJYtyif

wi
udk,fpdkuf/ udk,fpm;csifwJYaumif udk,farG;yJ .../ rsm;aomtm;jzifY MuufawG0ufawG arG;MuwmaygY .../

ok
bo
atmifrm ... 0ufarG;wmawmif b,fvdkarG;vJodvm; .../

his
ft
eo
tpmauR;&if 0ufBuD;ausmudk oyfNyD; ...

us
al
]]a[YaumifBuD; ... pm;xm;aemY ... 0atmifpm;? at; ... eifpm;wkef; igpdwfrqdk;bl; .../
i
erc
mm
at; ... igpm;&ifvnf; eifjyefpdwfrqdk;&bl;aemY .../ at; ... igauR;wkef; ... eif ... 0atmifom
Co
pm;xm; ...}}

tJ'Dvdk .../
aMomf ... tckrsm;/ uRefawmfu pma&;q&mjzpfvmawmY {nfhcHyJGawG? pmaya[majymyJGawG

zdwfygw,f/ xrif;vnf; auR;Muygw,f/ tJ'gudk pdwfrqdk;bl;/ 'gayr,fY udk,fpm;aewkef;
tvSL½Sifu ausmvmoyfNyD; ...
]]tMunfawmfBuD; pm;xm;aemY ... 0atmifompm; ... tm;remeJY odvm; ...}}vkdY tmvmy

ov’my vmajym&ifawmY udk,fYrSm ½Gmu 0ufBuD;yJ ajy;ajy;jrifNyD; xrif;eifw,f .../
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
.
SK
RI
N
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
ial
erc
mm
Co

uRef awmfwdkY tJ'D½Gm pajymif;puqdk t&rf;tHYMo&w,f .../
.
SK
RI
N
oGm;&wmu um;eJY/ ½Gma&mufawmY vmBuKdMuw,f/
W
rO
ou
vmBuKdwJYolu tazYudkvnf; jrifa&m ...

ty
ea
]]a[Y ... q&mBuD;OD;xGef;Edkifqdkwm rif;vm; ...}}qdkNyD; atmfar;w,f/ vluawmY vl&nfoefY

ll b
wi
vdkyJ/ rav;½Sm;tusÐvdk[mBuD; 0wfNyD; rsufESmacsawG yGwfxm;w,f/

ok
bo
tazvnf; olUudkMunfhNyD; aMumifawmifawmifeJY ...

his
ft
]][kwfygw,f ... uRefawmf OD;xGef;Edkifyg cifAsm ...}}

eo
us
al
[kdvlBuD;u &ifaumYNyD; ...

i
erc
mm
Co
Academy Myanmarcupid Community - 10 -

]]at; ... ig rif;udk vmBuKdwmuG .../ igvnf; NrKdUay:u q&mBuD;wpfaumif wdkYqD
ajymif;vmr,fqdkvdkY vmapmifYaewm .../ aMomf aMomf ... q&mBuD;qdkwmvnf; vlyJudk; .../ wdkY½Gmu
vlawGeJY pum;ajym&if ½kdif;w,fqdkNyD; pdwfrqdk;eJYaemf}}qdkNyD; wpfqufwnf;rSmyJ ...
]]at; ... rif;rSwfxm;&rSmu 'D½GmrSm uRefawmfuRefawmfeJY ajymwwfwm igwpfa,mufwnf;

½Sdw,f qdkwmyJ}}
]][if}}
ol qdkvdkcsifwmu wpf½GmvHk;rSm ol t,Ofaus;qHk;aygY/ NyD; tusÐcRwfeJY ikwfwkwfxdkifaewJY

vlBuD;wpfa,muf&JUatmuf wifyg;udk ajcreJYuavmfNyD; ...
]]a[Yaumif ... olBuD; ... q&mBuD;udk ESKwfqufvdkufOD;avuGm}}
tJ'DtxJu tajctaeraumif;awmYbl;qdkwm odomw,f/ wu,fYwu,fawmY olwdkY

pdwf&if;udk odNyD; aysmfoGm;awmYwmyJ/
wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf bmtNyKdiftqdkifrS r½Sdbl; ... bmtNi§Kd; bmtmCmwrS r½Sdbl; .../

csrf;omqif;&Jvnf; r½Sdbl; .../ tm;vHk;u ... ½Sd&ifpm; ... r½Sd&if rpm;eJY .../ tyltyif r½Sdbl;/
'DvdkyJ aeMuwmudk; .../
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
.
SK
RI
N
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
ial
erc
mm
Co

.
SK
wpf avmu ½Gmjyefa&mufygY .../ RI
N
W
rO
ou
vrf;yef;qufoG,fa&;awGaumif;? tdrfBuD;,mBuD;awG jzpfaeNyD/ 'gayr,fY ½Gmu vlawG&JU

ty
p½kdufu rajymif;bl;/
ea
ll b
wi
uRefawmfwdkY tJ'D½Gmuav;u xGufoGm;wm ESpfaygif;ESpfq,fausmfNyDav .../

ok
bo
'gayr,fY uRefawmfYudk awGUwmeJY ...

his
ft
]]a[Y ... apmMunfjzL jyefvmNyDvm; ...}}

eo
us
al
ESKwfqufoHMum;awmY tHYtm;oifYoGm;w,f/ q,fESpfom;avmufwnf;u ½Gmu xGufoGm;wJY

i
erc
vlwpfa,mufudk toufoHk;q,ft½G,frSm jyefrSwfrdowJYvm; .../ uRefawmfYpdwfxJrSm ESpfESpfq,f

mm
Co

qdkwJY umvrSm uRefawmfYudk b,fvdkrSwfrdEdkifawmYrSmvJaemY .../ uRefawmfYudk ESKwfqufaeoludkawmif
uRefawmf rodbl;/ 'geJYyJ odcsifpdwfeJY ...
]]uRefawmfYudk rSwfrdaeao;w,f [kwfvm; ...}}qdkNyD; ar;MunfhawmY ... tJ'Dvlu ...
]]rSwfrdwmaygYuGm ... 'D½Gmu xGufoGm;wm rif;wdkYrdom;pkeJY? aooGm;wJY OD;umwif?

a':vSNrKdif? a':MumpdefeJY oHvHk;wdkY ½Sdao;wm ...}}
½Gmav;u tJ'Davmufxd t0iftxGufuif;wkef;yJ/
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
.
SK
RI
N
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
ial
erc
mm
Co

tJ 'DrSmwif oli,fcsif;awGeJY qHkNyD; xef;&nfaomufjzpfMuw,f/ xef;&nfusnfawmuf

wpf0ufusKd;avmufrSm oli,fcsif;wpfa,mufu pajymw,f .../
.
SK
]][dkbuf½GmrSm tvSL½Sdw,fuG/ tkdufpcif wdkufwm armif}}
RI
N
oli,fcsif;pum; uRefawmf ½kwfw&wf em;rvnfbl;/ tdkufpcif? bmvJ tdkufpcif .../
W
rO
uRefawmf rMum;zl;bl; jzpfaew,f/ 'geJYyJ ...

ou
ty
]]bmvJuG ... tdkufpcif qdkwm? tJ'D tpm;taomufrsKd; ig rMum;zl;ygbl; ...}}qdkawmY

ea
ll b
ab;em;u oli,fcsif;u ...

wi
ok
]]tm ... 'Daumif bdkvdkajymcsifaewm? rajymwwfvdkY .../ tdkufpcifqdkwm bmrSr[kwfbl;?

bo
zmvl'g ajymwm ...}}

his
ft
eo
ol ajymrS ydk½SKyfoGm;w,f/ tdkufpcifeJY zmvl'g b,fvdkqufpyfaew,fqdkwm pOf;pm;vdkYudk

us
r&bl;/
ial
erc
mm
'geJY [dkbuf½Gm tvSLudk odcsifpdwfeJY pHkprf;MunfhawmY [dku wdkufvTwfvdkufwm bmrS

Co
r[kwfbl; ...

]]pyguvifBuD;}}
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
.
SK
RI
N
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
ali
erc
mm
Co

i,f pOfu tJ'Dvdk ½Gmuav;awGrSm aecJY&awmY NrKdUpmawGudk rodbl;/ bmawGpm;&rvJ

rodbl;/ uRefawmfwdkYuvnf; tazeJY vdkufaeawmY tazu trJom;csnf; jyKwfauR;wm/ rSwfrSwf&&
trJom;csnf;yJ ajcmufESpf? wpf&ufrS rysufruGuf pm;cJYzl;w,f/
.
SK
rkefYzdk;vnf; wpfcgrS r&zl;bl;/
RI
N
trJom;udkvnf; tazu rcsufwwfawmY aeYwdkif; jyKwfauR;w,f/ tJ'gaMumifY xifw,f/
W
rO
uRefawmfYtazu vlaumifwefwef/ taru vlaumifao;ao;/ arG;xm;wJY om;orD;tm;vHk;

ou
ajcmufaywef;awGcsnf;yJ/ tpfr racsmawmif ig;ayig;vufr/ uJ ... taumifrBuD;vm;/

ty
ea
trJom;jyKwf wefcdk;awGav .../

ll b
wi
tJ'gaMumifY uRefawmfwdkY tawmf toufBuD;wJYtxd bmoGm;&nfpmrS rpm;zl;bl;/

ok
b,favmufxdvJqdk wpfcgu taz uRefawmfwdkYudk NrKdUac:oGm;w,f/ tJ'Dwkef;u uRefawmfu

bo
his
ajcmufESpfom; .../ uRefawmfYnDu av;ESpf .../

ft
eo
____________________________________________
us
____________________________________________
ali
erc
mm
Co

NrKdU t0if vufzuf&nfqdkifav;rSm um;cP&yfawmY uRefawmfeJY tazu taygY t&if

oGm;w,f/
.
SK
RI
uRefawmfYnD armifarmif ("D&mrdk&f)u AdkufqmaeNyDqdkNyD; vufzuf&nfqdkifrSm xdkifusefcJYw,f/
N
W
rO
'gudk tazu...
ou
ty
]]armifarmif...? Adkufqmae&if vmcswm tukefom pm;xm;ESifY ...? azwdkY jyefxGufvmr,f ...}}

ea
ll b
qdkNyD; rSmoGm;w,f/ [kdaumifuvnf; vmorQ tukef0g;r,fqdkwJY ½kyfeJY xdkifusefcJYw,f/

wi
ok
odyfrMumbl;/ uRefawmfwdkY taygYtyg;oGm;NyD; jyefxGufvmawmY iwd wpfckckudk p0g;aeNyD/

bo
pm;yJGay:rSmvnf; csxm;wJYrkefY bmrSrawGU&bl;/ yg;pyfxJMunfhawmY jzLjzL jzLjzLeJY nufatmif

his
tm;wif;0g;ae&yHk&w,f/ rsufvHk;rSdwfonftxd tHBuD;BudwfvdkY .../ 'geJY uRefawmf ar;Munfh

ft
eo
wmaygY .../
us
ial
]]armifarmif ... bmawG0g;aewmvJ ...}}qdkawmY uRefawmfYnD armifarmifu ...

erc
mm
Co
]]rodbl; ... pm;yJGay: vmcswm 0g;aewmyJ ...}}

]]bmt&om½SdvJ ...}}
uRefawmfYtar;/ iwdu rsufarSmifMuKwfNyD; ...
]]rodbl;? bmt&omrSawmY r½Sdbl;/ 'gayr,fY at;aw;aw;eJY arT;aw;aw;BuD; ...}}
olpum;udk ab;em;½SdwJY tazu ...
]]jyMunfhprf; ...? yg;pyf[Munfhprf;? bmvJvdkY taz Munfhr,f ...}}qdkawmY iwdu yg;pyf

[jyw,f/ tJ'DawmYrS tazu ...
]]at;aw;aw;eJY arT;aw;aw;BuD;jzpfrSmaygY ...? rif;u pEdk;wm0gBuD; aumuf0g;aewmudk;?

tJ'g rsufESmokwfzdkY csay;xm;wm ...}}qdkrS armifarmifu oGm;NzJBuD;eJY zifukwfacgif;ukwfvkyfNyD; ...
]]rodbl;av? csay;wm t&if0g;xm;qdkwmeJY aumuf0g;aewm ...}}qdkNyD; yg;pyfxJu pEdk;wm0g

xkwfNyD; rsufESm t½Sufajy jyefokwfaeao;w,f/ 'DawmYrS tazu qdkifbufvSnfhNyD; ...
]]a[Y ... 'DrSm? igYom;awG pm;zdkY rkefYtpHkcs? aumfzDygcsay;prf;}}qdkawmYrS qdkifuvnf;

rkefYtpHkcsawmYwm/ rkefYzufxkyfvnf;ygw,f/ aygufpDvnf;ygw,f/ aumfjyefYvnf;ygw,f/
bdef;rkefYvnf;ygw,f/ udwfrkefYvnf;ygw,f/ rkefYqDaMumfvnf;ygw,f/
vmcsorQ rkefYtm;vHk;udk cke at;aw;aw;eJY arT;aw;aw;BuD; 0g;aewJY uRefawmfYnDu

rsufvHk;jyL;BuD;eJY vdkufMunfhaew,f/ tawmfMumrS toHus,fus,feJY ar;w,f .../
]]azY ... 'DxJrSm aumfzDqdkwm b,frkefYvJ ...}}
.
SK
olYtoHvnf;Mum;a&m ... wpfqdkifvHk; 0g;ueJ 0dkif;&,fMuw,f/ RI
N
W
rO
tJonfavmufxd wHk;wm/ aumfzDqdkwmawmif b,frkefYvJar;&avmufatmifudk rodMuwm/

ou
ty
ea
at;av ... udk,frS rpm;zl;raomufzl;bJudk; .../

ll b
wi
tJ ... 'gayr,fY xef;&nfusawmY odoAs .../

ok
bo
____________________________________________
his
ft
____________________________________________
eo
us
i al
erc
mm
Co

.
SK
i wGwfxef;w,fw,fqdkwm Mum;zl;vm; .../ RI
N
W
rO
ou
t"dyÜg,frod jzpfaevdrfYr,f .../

ty
ea
trSefawmY bmrSr[kwfbl;As .../

ll b
wi
ixef;wGwfwmudk ajymwm/ ixef;wGwfw,fqdkwmvnf; bmrSr[kwfbl;? xef;&nf

ok
bo
aomufwmAs/
his
ft
'gayr,fY usKyfwdkYbufrSmawmY iwGwfxef;w,fqdkwm acwftpm;om;vm;/ iwGwfxef;

eo
us
w,fqdk vlwdkif; xef;&nfwG,fr,fqdkwm odw,f/ uRefawmfwdkYvnf; aomufcJYzl;w,f/ BuKdufvnf;

al
BuKdufw,f/ uRefawmfYtpfudk udkpsmefwpfa,mufqdk xef;&nfb,favmufBuKdufw,frSwfvJ/ jrefrmY

i
erc
mm
toHrSm vmwJY jrefrmYtpmeJY tm[m&tcef;rSm xef;&nftaMumif; b,fawmYrSrvmvdkYqdkNyD;

Co
pdwfrsm;awmif aumufao;/ [kwfw,fav/ olajymrSod&wm/

xef;&nfqdkwm 0rf;rD;udk tvGefNidrf;apoAs/ qD;rSefw,f? 0rf;rSefw,f? aqmif;&moDrSm
xef;&nfom rSefrSefaomuf? tom;awmif rywfbl;As/ tJonfavmufxd aoG;vnfywfrSKudk rSefuef
apw,f/ 'gwifyJvm;? r[kwfao;bl;As/ ausmufuyfa&m*gudkvnf; Edkifw,f/ r,HkvdkYvm;?
aomufMunfh wu,fajymwm/ xef;&nfu tjcm;t&nfrsKd;eJY rwlbl;/ qD;tvGefoGm;wm/
ukd,faomufoavmuf olu tm;vHk; jyefoGm;ypfawmYwmudk;/ r,Hk aomufMunfh? xef;&nform;&JU
qD;[m xef;&nfeHY jyefxGufw,f/ 'gaMumifY olUtvdkvdkae&if; ausmufuyfudk aq;NyD;om; jzpfoGm;
a&mwJY/ uRefawmfYtpfudk udkpsmefajymwm/
uRefawmfukd,fwdkif ausmufuyfwpfvHk; &yfzl;w,f/ yg&*lawGu aq;½kHwufNyD; cJGcdkif;w,f/

ykdufqHuvnf; r½Sd/ aq;½kHuvnf; rwufEdkifwmeJY pdwf"mwfusNyD; e,fjyefoGm;cJY&w,f/ tdrfawmif
ra&mufbl; jyefaumif;oGm;NyD/ tdrfjyefaeusvrf;rSm xef;wJBuD; ½Sdwmudk;/ xef;wJ½Sd&if udkpsmef
½SdaeNyDyJ .../ udkpsmef½Sdae&if aumif;ayYqdkwJY xef;&nfu ½SdaeNyDqdkawmYum ... udkpsmefu ...
]][aumifBuD;& ... 0ifqJGoGm;yg[/ ausmufuyfavmufuawmY aq;ukzdkYrvdkygbl;? xef;&nf

eJYwif aumif;ygw,f/ vm ... ½Sdef;w,fuG ...}}qdkawmY uRefawmfvnf; pdwfnpfnpfeJY xef;&nfESpfcGuf
0ifcsxnfhvdkufwm &yfaewJY ausmufuyf csufcsif; AavmifqlNyD; jyefcwfawmYwm/ oGm;vdkufwJYqD;?
w'D;'D;eJY a&umwm usKd;w,fawmif rSwf&w,f/
wpfvavmufaeNyD; &efukefjyefvmawmY yg&*lawGeJYjyefppfao;w,f/ bma&m*grSr½SdawmYbl;/
tom;av; jzL0if;NyD; Ekrsm;awmifaeao;/ xef;&nfu 0ufNcHvnf; rxGufbl;As/ ([,f ...

ajym&if;awmif aomufcsifvmNyD) xef;&nftaMumif;ajym&&if ukefrSmr[kwfbl;/ 'DawmY wpfcGuf
wpfav aomufMunfhzdkY tBuHay;ygw,f/ rsm;&ifawmY b,ft&mrqdk raumif;bl;aygY/ (wefaq; ...
vGefawmYvnf; ... tif; ... w,faumif;? tJ ... vGefab;av? awmuf ... trSnfh[)
.
SK
uRefawmfwdkYi,fi,fwkef;u xef;&nfodyfaomufcsifwm/ tusifYraumif;yHk ajymygw,f/ RI
N
W
ukd,fYvnf; xef;wufwJYvlawGu odaeawmY xef;&nfra&mif;bl;As/ rod&ifawmY a&mif;rSmyJ/

rO
bmaMumifYvJqdkawmY uRefawmfu uav;uwnf;u rsufcGufwpfuGufwif uGuftdkaewm/

ou
arG;uwnf;u uRefawmfYudk arG;ay;wJY 0rf;qJGq&mruawmif tbdk;BuD;wpfa,mufu arG;cef;xJ

ty
ea
0ifaemufaew,fxifNyD; pdwfqdk;zl;ao;qdkyJAs/ arG;uwnf;u tJvdkudk tdkwm/

ll b
wi
'geJYyJ oli,fcsif;awGjzpfwJY udkaZmfwdkY? armifat;odkuf? ausmfausmf? rif;rif; t`rTmnDtpfudk

ok
awGeJY wdkifyifw,f/ 'Davmuf ra&mif;wJY xef;&nf cdk;aomufMur,fqdkNyD; .../

bo
his
ft
tm;vHk;uvnf; pdwfwludk,fwlawGqdkawmY tvkyfu jzpfMuygava&mvm;/

eo
us
t"du ypfrSwfxm;wmu rGeftbdk;BuD; OD;axmydkif xef;awmudkAs/

ial
erc
mm
'DvlBuD;&JU xef;&nfu odyfaumif;w,fqdkyga&mvm;/ olYqDrSm xef;&nfrSm&if wpfaEGpm

Co
rSm&w,f/ tJ'Dvdk rSmxm;wJYvlawGudkyJ a&mif;w,f/ rSmrxm;wJYvlqdk ra&mif;bl;/ wpfaeY

ESpfusnfawmufqdk ESpfusnfawmuf? wpfaEGvHk;pm rSmxm;&wm/ rSmrxm;&if b,favmuf aomufcsif
aomufcsif Edk;yJ .../ {nfhonftm*EÅKvnf; Edk;yJ .../
'gawmif olBuKdufwJY xef;yif½Sdao;w,f/ xef;awmtpGefrSm/ tJ'Dxef;yifu xef;&nfqdk

b,folYrS ra&mif;bl;/ olyJ aomufw,f/ ol xef;wufNyDqdk&if tJ'Dxef;yif t&ifoGm;w,f/ tJ'D
tyifu xef;&nfudk atmufawmif ,lrcsbl;/ tyifay:rSmyJ tNyD;aomufvdkufw,f/ NyD;rS usefwJY
xef;yifawG avQmufwufawmYwm/ olUxef;yifu xef;&nfqdk wpfcgrS ydkw,fr½Sdbl;/ olaomufzdkY
uGufwdcsnf;yJ/
uRefawmfwdkYtzJGUuvnf; tJ'Dxef;yifu xef;&nfudkyJ pdwf0ifpm;wm/ 'Davmufaumif;wJY

xef;&nf aomufzl;w,f½Sdatmif aomufOD;rS qdkNyD;/
'DvdkeJY aqmif;OD;wpfaeYuawmY uRefawmfwdkYtzJGU reuftapmBuD;xNyD; tm;upm;vkyfovdkvdk

bmvdkvdkeJY vltvpf apmifYMunfhNyD; vpfvnf;vpfa&m tyifwuftdwfpywf udkaZmfu bkwfbwf
bkwfbwfeJY wufoGm;w,f/ NyD;usawmY rGeftbdk;BuD; OD;axmydkif wpfoufvHk; b,folUudkrS
ra&mif;ygbl;qdkwJY xef;&nfusnfawmufBuD;qJGvdkY jyefqif;vmw,f/ olUxef;&nfawG tukef
aomufypfvdkufw,f/ awmuf ... csKdvdkufwm .../ ½Sdef;wmuvnf; py½kdufxufawmif ½Sdef;ao;/
&DwD&DwDeJYaygYAsm/ [,f ... aomufawmifaomufcsifvmNyD/ NyD;awmY usnfawmufudk yHkrysuf
xef;yifay: jyefcsdwfxm;w,f/
rGeftbdk;BuD; tcsdefusawmY xef;yif vmwufw,f/ xef;yifay:vnf; a&mufa&m

usnfawmufudk tm;&yg;& rçvdkufwm uHaumif;vdkY xef;yifay:u yufvufvefusawmYrvdkY/
olUxef;yifu xef;&nf rawGUawmY ½kwfw&uf ol awmfawmfaMumifoGm;w,f/ aemuf ... awmfawmf
MumMum pOf;pm;aeNyD;rS wpdrfYpdrfYeJY a'grTefvmw,f/ aemuf ... qJwm rdk;rTefa&m/ olqJav uRefawmf
.
SK
wdkYu usdwf&,favyJ/ &Da0a0eJY/ avrsm;awmif wufaeao; ... atYueJ/ tif; ... w,faumif;/
RI
N
W
aemufaeYvnf; tJvdkyJ .../ tapmBuD;x rGeftbdk;BuD;tvpf acsmif;NyD;? olYxef;&nfawG

rO
cdk;aomufypf/
ou
ty
ea
xHk;pHtwdkif; rGeftbdk;BuD; xef;yifwufw,f/ xef;&nfrawGUawmY tHYtm;oifYw,f/ NyD;awmY

ll b
rdk;rTefaeatmifqJ/
wi
ok
ESpf&uf oHk;&uf av;&uf&JU reufcif;rSm rGeftbdk;BuD;&JU qJoH[m ... pHawmfcsdefusaewmyJ/

bo
his
tcsdefudk rSefvdkY/ uRefawmfwdkYvkyfwmuvnf; yd&dawmY ol b,fvdkrS zrf;rrdbl;/ 'geJYyJ ...

ft
eo
]]xef;&nf cdk;aomufwJYaumifawG? 'Dwpfcg aomuf&JaomufMunfh ...? igYtaMumif; odr,f ...?

us
axmydkifwJYaemf? urm0ufom;uG? 'Dwpfcg cdk;aomuf&JwJYaumif aomufMunfh/ xef;&nfxd "m;MunfhyJ}}

ial
erc
pojzifY "m;w,rf;,rf;eJY Budrf;0g;ygava&m/ uRefawmfwdkYuvnf; odwJYtwdkif; cdk;&,fwmaygY/

mm
Co
]]aemufaeY aomuf&JwJYaumif aomufMunfh ...? igYtqdk;rqdkeJY ...}}wJY/

'grsKd; b,f&rvJ/ vlav;awGuvnf; odk;azmf0ifp qdkawmY ... csKd prf;csifwJYt½G,frvm; .../
vlBuD;awGudk xDrxifwJYt½G,f ... uyfvm&if ycHk;csif;,SOfcsifwJYt½G,fawGudk; .../ olpdefac:av udk,f
prf;csifavrdkY aemufaeYreuf tapmBuD;xNyD; olUxef;&nfusnfawmuf jzKwfNyD;csvmw,f/ NyD;awmY
pdrfajyeajy xdkifaomufvdkufw,f/
]][m; ... w,fcg;ygvm; ...}}
'geJY rouFmwmeJYyJ ...
]]a[Yaumif ... udkaZmf? xef;&nfu cgwdkif;eJY rwlbl;aemf? 'DaeY ydkcg;aeovdkyJ ...}}
]]'grS xef;&nftppfuG? xef;&nfqdkwm 'Dvdkcg;aerS ydkaumif;wm/ t&omudk wif;aewmyJ ...}}
]]r[kwfao;bl;aemf ...}}
]]bmvdkYr[kwf&rSmvJuG ...? ay;prf;? rif;wdkY raomuf&if igaomufr,f ...}}qdkNyD; xef;&nf

usnfawmufudk *Gyf*Gyf*GyfqdkNyD; aomufcsvdkufw,f/ olUrsufESmu xef;&nftpGrf;eJY csufcsif; &Jwuf
vmw,f/ xef;&nfu rukefbl;/ 'geJY olYusnfawmuf,lNyD; ...
]]uJyguGm ...? igwdkYvnf; 0kdif;aomufygYr,f ...}}qdkNyD; iga,mufom; rQaomufvdkufw,f/

[kwfw,f ... odomw,f? xef;&nfu atmufajca&mufav ydkNyD;yspfcJNyD; cg;vmavyJ/ 'gudk r&
&atmif rsKdcs&w,f/ atmifrm ... udkaZmfu xef;&nfusnfawmufrSm uyfaewJY csKd;yg cGmpm;cJYao; ...
ajymom;yJ odk;pav;awGqdk .../
.
]]aumif;uGm...}} qdkao;w,f/
SK
RI
N
odyfrMumbl; tpGrf;u jyvmw,f .../
W
rO
vlu &dyfwdwf&dyfwdwfeJY bmrS odyfrjrif&awmYbl;/ owduvnf; vGwfwpfcsuf rvGwf

ou
ty
wpfcsufeJY .../
ea
ll b
'DvdkeJY aeylvdkYqdkNyD; bkef;BuD;ausmif;ab; 0ifacGaevdkufw,f/ q,fYig;rdepfavmufyJ ...

wi
udkaZmf ½kwfw&uf xNyD;atmfygava&m .../

ok
bo
his
]]rif;wdkY b,folawGvJ ...}}

ft
eo
olUrsufvHk;u jyL;aMumifNyD; ta&mifvufaew,f/ tJ'DawmYrS uRefawmfwdkYvnf; jyefpOf;pm;

us
al
rdw,f/
i
erc
mm
]]igwdkY b,folawGvJ ...}}

Co

½kwfw&uf pOf;pm;vdkYr&bl;/ tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ [kdt`rTmESpfaumif ausmfausmfeJY rif;rif;u
bmjzpfvdkYvJrodbl;/
]]"m;jyawGAsKdU ... "m;jyawG? uRefawmfwdkYudk "m;jywdkufaew,f? uRefawmfwdkYt0wftpm;awG

cRwf,laew,f ...}}qdkNyD; t0wftpm;awGcRwfNyD; xajy;ygav&m/
olajy;awmY udk,fvnf; ajy;aygY/ armifat;odkufvnf; wef;vef;wef;vef;eJY ajy;aew,f/

wef;vef;rSmaygY ... ykqdk;rS rygbJ/ tJ'DawmYrS urÇmysufovdk jzpfoGm;awmYw,f/ ½GmxJu vlawG
uvnf; bmjzpfvdkYjzpfrSef;rodbl;/ AvGwf½TwfwawG atmfaew,f/
taztarawGvnf; bmvkyf&rSef; rodMuawmYbl;/ 'Dtwdkif; zrf;csKyfxm;&w,f/

aemufawmYrS udkaZmfYtaru ...
]]raeYutaumif;BuD;uae ... 'Davmuf jyif;xefwJYa&m*gjzpfvmwmqdkawmY ... aMumufp&m

a&m*gqdk;awGvm; rodbl; ... 'DaumifawGudk aq;cef;ydkYrSjzpfr,f ...}}qdkNyD; aq;cef;udk zrf;csKyfNyD;
ac:oGm;Muw,f/ aq;cef;a&mufawmYrS av;a,mufvHk; ukd,fawG jcpfjcpfawmufylNyD; aMumifpDpDawG
jzpfaew,f/ pum;awGvnf; ua,mifuwrf;eJY bmajymvdkYajymrSef; rodbl;/
udkaZmfqdk olUtareJY q&m0efudk ay;pm;aew,f/ uRefawmfuvnf; q&m0efacgif;udk tkef;oD;

qdkNyD; cJGr,fvkyfaew,fqdkyJ/ ausmfausmfeJY rif;rif;uawmY q&m0efu olwdkYudk aq;xdk;tyfBuD;eJY
"m;jywdkufaew,fqdkNyD; atmfaewkef;/ q&m0efuvnf; ig;a,mufvHk; aumufumiifum jzpfawmY
bma&m*grSef; rodbl;/ 'geJYyJ .../
]]aumif;vdkaumif;jim; aq;awmY xdk;ay;vdkufr,f ...? 'gayr,fY 'grsKd;u uRefawmfYudpö
.
SK
r[kwfbl;}}qdkNyD; aq;wpfa,mufwpfvHk;pD xdk;ay;vdkufw,f/ q&m0efqDu jyefvmwJYtxd
uRefawmfwdkYig;a,mufvkH; uaygufwduaygufcsmawG atmfaewkef;yJ/ 'DvdkyJ &rf;wrf;&rf;wrf; RI
N
wef;vef;wef;vef;eJY/
W
rO
ou
'gudk udkaZmfYtaruyJ ...

ty
ea
ll b
]]q&m0efudpö r[kwf&if ya,m*q&mudpöyJ jzpfvdrfYr,f/ vm ... ya,m*q&mqD ydkYr,f ...}}

wi
qdkNyD; ya,m*ukq&mqD ac:oGm;w,f/

ok
bo
[dka&mufawmY t[kwfAs/ ya,m*q&mu puúLtjzLwpf½Guf ,lNyD; ajrrSKefYjzL;csvdkufwm

his
pm½Gufay:rSm bDvl;½kyfBuD; ay:vmygav&m/ bDvl;½kyfjrifawmY tm;vkH; tHYtm;oifYaeMuw,f/

ft
eo
ya,m*q&mu NrdefYNrdefYBuD; acgif;ndwfNyD; ...

us
ial
]]ajrzkwfbDvl; 0ifpD;wmAs .../ ajrzkwfbDvl;qdkwm ajrrSKefYjzL;wmeJY wef;ay:vmwmyJ ...

erc
mm
'DaumifawG awmxJawmifxJ ajrzkwfbDvl; rBuKdufwm bmoGm;vkyfw,frodbl;}}qdkawmY tm;vHk;

Co
vefYukefw,f/ 'geJY uwkefu,ifeJYyJ ...

]]'g ... 'gqdk b,fvdkvkyf&if aumif;rvJ q&m ...}}
ya,m*q&mu at;aq;yg qdkwJY pwdkifeJY rsufvHk;wpfzufwnf; uGufarS;NyD; NyKH;jyw,f .../

wnfMunfwJY avat;av;eJY ajymvdkufyHku ...
]]BudrfeJYqJG&rSmaygY .../ ajymaeMumw,f? 'Dykqdk;uRwfaumifawGudk zifukef;cdkif;prf; ...}}
pdrfajyeajyvnf; zifukef;NyD;a&m ... MudrfvHk;BuD;,lNyD; tyDqJGwm? olYBudrfvHk;uvnf; oHk;ESpf

uav;vufaumuf0wfavmuf½SdwmAs .../ wifyg;qHkeJY BudrfvHk; zl;pmqHkwJY toHBuD;u ]]ajzmif; ...
ajzmif;}}eJY Nrdefp&mBuD;/ vluvnf; vQmawGudk xGufvdkY/
ya,m*q&m vuftHaooGm;w,f/ ajrzkwfbDvl;u rxGufbl;/ ya,m*q&mvnf;

bmvkyfvdkYvkyf&rSef; rodbl; jzpfaeNyD/ y&dwfa&vnf; wdkufNyD;NyD/ txufq&mvnf;yifYNyD; armif;xkwf
cdkif;NyD;NyD/ tMurf;enf;eJYvnf; BudrfeJYqJGNyD;NyD/ uRefawmfwdkYig;a,mufvHk;u 'Hk&if;u 'Hk&if;yJ/ atmfvdkY
[pfvdkY aumif;wkef;/ 'DawmYrS ya,m*q&mu ...
]]uRefawmf rEdkifbl;As ... 'DajrzkwfbDvl;u uRefawmfYxuf pGrf;aeNyD? 'DawmY [dkbuf½GmrSm

uRefawmfYq&m½Sdw,f? olUqDom tjrefac:oGm;ayawmY ...? ta&mufrjref&if 'Duav;awG toufrDrSm
r[kwfawmYbl; ...}}qdkawmY tm;vHk; rsufvHk;jyL;oGm;MuNyD; armifat;odkufwdkYtaru ...
]]atmifrav; ... tjzpfqdk;vSacsvm; ... om;&JU}}qdkNyD; xidka&m/ vlwdkif; EGm;vSnf;iSm;wJYvliSm;?

ykcufqifwJYolqifeJY a,muf,ufcwfukefNyD/
b,fupvdkY b,fvdkvkyf&rSef;rodawmYbl;/ aemuf vlig;a,muf&JU toufudpöav/ tukef
.
SK
jymawmufukefwmaygY/ tJ'Dwkef;rSm uRefawmfwdkYem; jzwfoGm;wJY ukd,fawmfwpfyg;u ...
RI
N
]]a[Y ... bmjzpfaeMuwmvJ ...}}qdkNyD; 0ifvmw,f/ 'gudk udkaZmfYtaru 'Duav;ig;a,muf
W
awmxJoGm;NyD; rzG,fr&mvkyfvmvdkY ajrzkwfbDvl; zrf;xm;aMumif; rsuf&nf½TJ½TJeJY zJGUzJGUEJGUEGJU ½Sif;jyw,f/

rO
ou
udk,fawmfu ...
ty
ea
]][,f ... r[kwfwm}}qdkNyD; uRefawmfwdkYtem; taotcsm uyfMunfhw,f/ NyD;rS ...

ll b
wi
]]tm ... b,fES,fY ajrzkwfbDvl; zrf;pm;&rSmvJ/ 'DaumifawG y'dkif;oD; xdvmNyD; ½l;vmMuwm/

ok
bo
[kdaumif ya,m*q&m ... rif; aygufwwfu&awG avQmufajym avQmufvkyfraeeJY ...}}qdkawmYrS

his
tm;vHk; [m;ueJ [ifueJ jzpfukefw,f/

ft
eo
us
]]'g ... 'gqdk olwdkYudk b,fvdkvkyf&rSmvJ[if ...}}

ial
erc
]]b,fvdkrS vkyfraeeJY ...? 'Dtwdkif;om tdyfaysmfatmif odyfxm;vdkuf/ aemufaeYreufqdk

mm
olYtvdkvdk aumif;oGm;vdrfYr,f ...}}

Co

q&mawmfrdefYrS udpöu ½Sif;awmYw,f/ tJ'DawmYrS ...
]][if ... rdbawGudk 'ku©ay;wJYaumifawG vmcJY ...}}qdkNyD; uRefawmfwdkYig;a,mufvHk;udk

tdrfwdkifrSm BuKd;csnfNyD; wpf&uf zrf;csKyfxm;vdkufMuw,f/
tJ'DaeYu bmjzpfvdkYjzpfw,fudk rodawmYygbl;/ aemufwpfaeYusawmYrS owdu olYtvdkvdk

jyefvnfvmw,f/ 'gayr,fY rsufvHk;awGu bmrSMunfhvdkYr&bl;/ tm;vHk; t½kyfawGu ESpfxyf
jzpfaew,f/ pmqdk vHk;0rjrif&awmYbl;/ raeYu jzpfysufcJYwmawGudkvnf; bmrSrrSwfrdawmYbl;/
q&m0ef aq;xdk;wm? ya,m*q&m BudrfeJYqJGwm? bmwpfckrS owdr&bl;/ cE¨mudk,fwpfckvkH; udkufcJ
emusifNyD; acgif;awGaemufaew,f/ 'ku©BuD;yHk ajymygw,f/ wu,f/
]]rGeftbdk;BuD; OD;axmydkifaumif;rSKeJY y'kdif;oD;pm;NyD; wpf&ufawmY ½l;zl;&JU ...}}
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
.
SK
RI
N
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
i al
erc
mm
Co

uRef awmfwdkY½GmawGrSm y'dkif;oD;pm;wm odyftqef;awmY r[kwfygbl;/ oli,fcsif;

tcsif;csif; aemufajymifNyD; olpm;r,fY tpm;tpmawG uGrf;,mawGxJ y'dkif;oD;xnfhauR;NyD; ol½l;
.
SK
oGm;&if tm;vHk; 0kdif;&,fMuw,f/ wcsKdUvlBuD;awGu wpfESpfudk wpfcg y'dkif;oD;pm;Muw,f/
RI
y'dkif;oD;[m aoG;vnfywfrSKudk rSefuefapw,f? wpf&uf½l;NyD;&if acgif;½Sif;NyD; MunfvifoGm;w,fvdkY
N
W
qdkMuygw,f/
rO
ou
½GmxJrSm OD;wifatmifqdkwJYvl½Sdw,f/ olqdk&if wpfoufvHk; aq;rpm;cJYzl;bl;/ wpfESpfwpfcg

ty
ea
y'dkif;oD;awmY rSefrSefpm;w,f .../ pm;wJYaeYqdk tdrfwdkifrSm BuKd;eJYcsnfNyD; csKyfxm;vdkuf/ aemufaeYus&if

ll b
vTwfvdkuf/ Good yJ qdkyJ .../ oefwmuvnf; EGm;wpfaumif i,fi,fuwnf;u rrçvmw,fqdkwJY

wi
vlrsKd;/
ok
bo
his
tJ ... 'gayr,fY rdef;ruawmY aMumufoAs/ b,favmufxd aMumuf&ovJqdk rdef;ru

ft
avwufNyD; ]]atY}}ueJjzpfwmawmif olUac:w,fxifNyD; tdrfay:ajy;ajy;wuf&wm tarm/ aemufNyD;

eo
olwdkYESpfa,mufu 0efxrf;a[mif;awG? 0efxrf;obm0 yifpifpm;NyD; tem;,lvmMuwm/ toufawmY

us
al
BuD;½SmNyDaygY/ olYrdef;ru OD;wifatmifxuf &mxl;BuD;w,fqdkyJ/ 'gaMumifY OD;wifatmifBuD;u

i
erc
olYrdef;rudk r[m;',m;uRwfaewmaygY/
mm
Co

ESpfa,mufvHk;u wyfrawmfxGuf 0efxrf;a[mif;awGqdkawmY ppfom;pdwf raysmufcsifMubl;/
olwdkYtdrfrSm tNrJwrf; ppfrdefUoHawG Mum;ae&w,f .../
]]jcifaxmifxJ 0ifcGifYjyKyg ...}}
]]tjref ... 0if}}
]]em;cGifYjyKyg ...}}
]]quf ... vkyf ..... quf ... vkyf ...}}
]]qufvkyfcGifYjyKyg}}
]]wef; ..... &yf ...}} ponfjzifYaygYAsm .../ aemY .../ trdefYoHeJY atmfMuwm .../
naeapmif;NyDqdk&ifvnf; OD;wifatmifBuD;&JU oDcsif;oHMum;&NyD/ oDcsif;urajymif;bl; ...

wpfyk'fwnf;yJ ... bmwJY .../
]]cspfonf;av;rSm ½Sdw,f ... udkBuD;u odw,f ... cspfonf;av; 0Sufxm;w,f ... tpfudkBuD;
awGUvdkufw,f ... cspfonf;av;rSm ½Sdr,f ...}}
wpfrsKd;rxifeJYOD; .../ vmr,f ... bmrSr[kwfbl;/ ]]pkbl;av; pkxm;w,f}}qdkwJY arqdG&JU

oDcsif;udk olYbmomol jyefpyfxm;wm ...? qufOD;r,f/
bmxifaevdkYvJ/ bmrSr[kwfbl;/ OD;wifatmifBuD; t&ufzdk;awmif;aewm/ [kdu t&ufzdk;
.
SK
ray;csifvdkY cg;Mum;xJ ydkufqHvdyfxm;wm/ tJ'gudk awmif;aewm/ rod&ifawmY wpfrsKd;BuD;aygY/
odawmYvnf; tJ ... wpfrsKd;BuD;ygyJav .../ tJ ... vdkufqdkMunfhygvm;/ RI
N
W
rO
]]cspfonf;av;rSm ½Sdw,f ... tpfudkBuD;u odw,f ... cspfonf;av; 0Sufxm;w,f ...

ou
tpfudkBuD; awGUvdkufw,f ... cspfonf;av;rSm ½Sdw,f ... rif;0Sufxm;wm ½Sdr,f ... udkudkav ...
ty
ea
odw,f ... vQdKU0SufcsufawG ½Sdr,f ... t&ufzdk;awmY ay;OD;uG,f ...}}

ll b
wi
[rf ... qdk&wmudk pD;aewmyJ .../ acGxkwfpm;&if udkudkumvom; t&uform;awG tawmf

ok
bo
BuKdufr,f/ awmuf ... cGifu NidjyefNyD .../

his
ft
tJ ... udk,fYvlu tJ'DvdkAs/

eo
us
aemufwpfa,muf ½Sdao;w,f/ olUvdkyJ/ emrnfu OD;a&jym; ... wJY/

al
i
erc
mm
OD;a&jym;u ½GmrSm emrnfBuD;vlrdkufAs/ uRefawmfwdkY½Gmudk pa&mufwJYaeYrSmyJ ... xef;awmxJu

Co
OD;a&jym;&JU qJoHudk Mum;&w,f .../

]]a[Y ... OD;a&jym;wJYuG ...? owdå½SdwJYaumif xGufcJY ... rif;wdkYxuf rdkufvdkY rif;wdkYacgif;
txufu OD;a&jym;qdkNyD; rSnfhxm;wm .../ OD;a&jym;wJYuG ... acgif;ay:rSm bmrStwifcHwmr[kwfbl;/
b,faumif OD;a&jym;ay: wifcsifvJ ... xGufcJYprf;yg ... aemufaygufwJY qHyifarT;u OD;a&jym;xuf
t&yf½SnfcsifvdkYuawmY tm;vHk;udk &dwfypfvdkufr,fuG .../ a&jym;udk aMumvdkYr&bl; ...}}ponfjzifY
"m;w,rf;,rf;eJY pdrfac:aewm/ tm;vHk;uvnf; OD;a&jym;udk NidrfNyD;Munfhae&w,f/
]][if ... b,faumifrS owdår½SdawmYbl;vm; .../ OD;a&jym;uG b,faumifrS twifcHwm

r[kwfbl; ... vmcJYMuavuGm ... xGufcJYygawmYvm; ... OD;a&jym;wJYaemf ...}}qdkNyD; atmfaew,f/
tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ ...
]][dwf}}qdkwJY toHMum;&w,f/ MunfhvdkufawmY rdef;rBuD;wpfa,muf .../ tJ'Drdef;rBuD;udk

jrifawmY OD;a&jym; usKHU0ifoGm;w,f .../ rdef;rBuD;u wpfcsufyJ jyL;Munfh&if; ...
]]vmcJYprf; ...}}qdkNyD; xGufoGm;w,f/ tJ'DawmYrS wpfa,mufu ...
]]AsKdU OD;a&jym;? cifAsm; ckeu ajymawmY olrsm;acgif;txufrSm aecsifvdkY OD;a&jym;vdkY rSnfhxm;

wmqdk ... tck b,fvdkjzpfwmvJ}}qdkawmY OD;a&jym;u rsufvHk;av; uv,fuv,feJY ...
]]rvkyfeJYuG ... olUudkawmY aMumuf&w,f? olu igYtxufrSm ½SdwmuG ...}}wJY/
yxrawmY r½Sif;bl;? olUtxufrSm bm½Sdao;vJaygY .../ taotcsm ar;MunfhawmYrS ...
]]igu OD;a&jym;qdkayr,fY ... igYrdef;ru a':abmufwJY .../ tJ'gaMumifY a':abmufudk
.
OD;a&jym;u aMumufae&wmaygY ...}}wJY/ aumif;a&m/
SK
RI
N
oleJY wJGazmfqdk;zufu OD;q,fjym;/ olwdkYESpfa,mufu aoaocsmcsmvnf; wnfhwm
W
r[kwfbl;/ ajym&&if rwnfhtwlaeawGaygY/

rO
ou
ty
tJ'D OD;a&jym;? OD;q,fjym;qdkwm tqdkaumif;awGAs .../ olwdkYESpfa,mufu e,fvSnfh

ea
qufqHa&;u ZmwftzJGUrSm ESpf½Snfvrsm; ucJYw,fqdkvm;/ 'gaMumifY tqdkaumif;wm/ olwdkYuqdk?

ll b
]]0dwf}}qHou udkaZmf0if;u r,f'dkvifeJY wD;vdkYuawmY xaxmifrxcsifbl;/

wi
ok
bo
____________________________________________
his
____________________________________________
ft
eo
us
ial
erc
mm
Co

BuKH vdkYajym&OD;r,f/ ]]0dwf}}qHou udkaZmf0if;taMumif;/
.
SK
trSefawmY olUqHoqdkifemrnfu ]]0if;}}qHoAs/ 'gayr,fY udkaZmf0if;u 0dwform;/ AvBuD;
uvnf; t,fxGufaewm/ aemufNyD; olqHyifn§yf&if n§yfwJYvl&JU acgif;udk rMunfhbl;As/ RI
N
olUvufarmif;udkyJ rSefxJ n§pfn§pfNyD; Munfhaewm/ 'gaMumifY qHyiftn§yfcHwJYvlu udk,fn§yfap
W
rO
csifwJYae&mudk olYuyfaMu;½Sd&m xdk;xdk;ay;&w,f/ em;xifqdk em;xif/ vnfukyfqdk vnfukyfaygY/

ou
udk,fYacgif;txdk;rSm;&if emNyDomrSwf/ olu acgif;udk vHk;0pdwf0ifpm;wm r[kwfbl;/ rSefxJu

ty
ea
olUvufarmif;BuD;udkyJ ol pdwf0ifwpm; Munfhaewm/ olUvufarmif;yJ ol pdrfajyeajy n§pfaewm/

ll b
wi
'gaMumifY olUqdkifrSm n§yf&if bdkauvdkYac:wJY a½SUwpfvufr aemufajymif wpfrsKd;yJ &w,f/

ok
bo
'grdkYvJ usKyfwdkY½Gmu vlawGqdk NrKdUwuf&if rvkyfrjzpfvkyfMuwm oHk;rsKd;½Sdw,f/ qHyif

his
ft
n§yfr,f? ½kyf½SifMunfhr,f? acgufqJGaMumfpm;r,f/ 'DoHk;rsKd; rvkyfrjzpfvkyfudk vkyfMuw,f/ ½GmrSm

eo
tJ'gawGrS r½Sdwm/
us
i al
erc
½kyf½Sif½kH r½Sdbl;? acgufqJGaMumfqdkif r½Sdbl;? qHyifn§yfqdkifqdkvdkY udkaZmf0if;&JU ]]0if;}}qHoac:

mm
]]0dwf}}qHo wpfqdkifyJ ½Sdw,f/ 'gaMumifY NrKdUwufoltm;vHk; tJ'DoHk;rsKd; rvkyfrjzpfvkyfMuw,f/

Co

udkaZmf0if;uvnf; wu,fYukdaZmf0if;yJ/ olqHyifn§yfvdkY em;a'gufwd&if odyftonf;,m;zdkY
aumif;wmAs/ olYuwfaMu;BuD;u rsufvHk;wnfhwnfhuae wkefwkef wkefwkefeJY 0ifvmwm? tJ'gudk
udk,fu a½Smifvkduf&if pdwfqdk;ao;w,f/ olUAvBuD;eJY acgif;zrf;NyD; twif;wnfhw,f/ NyD;&if tJ'DvdkyJ
wkefwkef wkefwkefeJY jyef0ifvmw,f/ uyfaMu;uvnf; *yf *yf *yfeJYAs/ rsufvHk;em;a&mufrS auGUNyD;
em;xifbuf vSnfhoGm;wm/ tJ'DawmYrS oufjyif;csEdkifw,f .../
bmvdYkwkefaew,fxifvJ .../ olY<uufom;udk tyDn§pfaevdkYAs .../
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
.
SK
RI
N
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
ial
erc
mm
Co

uRef awmfwdkY½Gmuav;rSm vlwdkif;rodr½SdwJY ae&mwpfck½Sdw,f/
.
SK
OD;usJwJ [dkw,f .../
RI
N
OD;usJwJ [dkw,fqdk vlwdkif;odw,f/ olu ½GmeJY cyfvSrf;vSrf; awmpyfrSm½Sdw,f/ NcHydkif½Sifu
W
rO
OD;usJ/
ou
ty
emrnfeJYvkdufatmif qHyifvnf;usJ? oGm;vnf;usJw,f/ vlyHku jzLjzLao;ao;/ olUwJuav;

ea
ll b
uvnf; ,dkifeJYeJY ao;ao;av;/ csrf;omwmuawmY tHYMoudk,l&w,f/ qifcsnf;arG;xm;wm

wi
ajcmufaumif/ aemuf EGm;? qdwf? 0uf? MuufuawmY ajymraeeJYawmY/ olYNcHxJ ab;rJYawmvdk

ok
vTwfxm;wm/
bo
his
trSefawmY OD;usJu ,morm;/ tJ ... rkqdk;vnf; vkyfw,f/ ,mvkyfief;eJY rkqdk;ynmrSmawmY

ft
eo
olrwlatmif uRrf;usifw,f/
us
ial
opfyifpdkufwJYae&mrSmawmY OD;usJavmufawmfoludk wpfcgrS rawGUzl;bl;/ i½kwfyifudkawmif

erc
mm
vlBuD;wpf&yfausmfwJYtxd BuD;aewm awGUcJYzl;w,f/ usefwJY BuH? ocGm;? OoQpf? Muufarmuf? 'l;&if;?

Co

ydEéJ tpHkpkduf? olUNcHxJrSm tukefaygufw,f/ olUNcHBuD;uvnf; NcHpyfuae [dk;awmqHk;xdudk ½Sdwm/
'gaMumifY olYNcHxJrSm r½SdwJYtyifudk r½Sdbl;/
wHigrkqdk;tvkyfrSmvnf; olYavmufuRrf;usifwJYol wpfcgrS rjrifcJYzl;bl;/ olYNcHxJoGm;NyDqdk ...
]]OD;q&mBuD; ... (uRefawmfYtazudk OD;q&mBuD;vdkY ac:Muw,f) 'DaeY bmaumifpm;rvJ}}
uRefawmfYtazu...
]]ig;[if;&&if jzpfygNyD}}
]]ig;udk bmig; pm;rvJ}}
]]ig;&HUyJvkyfyg}} qdk&if OD;usJu ...
]]at; ... ig oGm;MunfhvdkufOD;r,f}}qdkNyD; qif;oGm;awmYwmyJ/ odyfrMumbl;/ oleJYtwl

ig;&HUawG wpfoDBuD; ygvmw,f/ olUNcHxJrSm olYudk,fykdif tif;BuD;½Sdw,fav/
wu,fvdkY udk,fu zm;pm;csifw,fqdk&ifvnf; aEGacgifacgifjzpfygap? ryleJY ... &w,f ...

olu zm;pum;wwfovdkyJ ... ol uGdudGuGuGeJY atmfvdkuf&if ESpfcsKdUwGif;atmif;zm;BuD;awGu
raeEdkifbl; .../ olUudk wpfcGef;p ESpfcGef;pawmY jyefajymwmyJ/ jyefajymNyDqdk ... toHvmwJYqD ...
wdwfwdwfav;oGm; ... uGdqdk rdwmyJ .../ ig;½SOfhpm;csif&ifvnf; &atmif½Smay;wwfw,f/ wpfcg
uvnf; iSufBuD;0efydkBuD;wpfaumif olzrf;vmzl;w,f/ iSufBuD;0efydku oHk;ESpfuav;t½G,favmuf
½Sdw,f/ olzrf;wmu wpfaumifwnf;yg/ 'gayr,fY aemufwpfaumifu olYbmomol aZmufxdk;
.
qif;&if; owfaooGm;w,f/
SK
RI
N
OD;usJudk ar;MunfhawmY ...
W
rO
]]igzrf;cJYwm txD;BuD;uG/ txD;ao&if tru olYbmomol &ifuJGemus ao&ifao? rao&if

ou
ty
olYudk,fol owfaoawmYwmyJ}} wJY .../

ea
ll b
usefwJY Muuf? 0uf? ig;? ykpGef? *Pef;? arsmuf? acs? '&,f? odk;? qdwfuawmY ajymraeeJY
wi
udk,fpm;csifwJYtaumifom vufn§Kd;xdk;vdkuf? OD;usJqDrSm ½SdNyD;om;/

ok
bo
his
'gaMumifY ½Gmu vlawGu OD;usJwJ [dkw,fvkdY ac:wm/

ft
eo
aewmu wJ? 'gayr,fY vdkcsifwm? pm;csifwmtm;vHk; [dkw,fvdkrsKd;udk &aevdkY OD;usJwJ

us
al
[dkw,f ... wJY/

i
erc
mm
Co

OD;usJ tJavmuftxd csrf;omwmaemf/ wpfcgrSvnf; tusÐ0wfwm rawGUzl;bl;/ olwifvm;
qdkawmY olUom;awG? uav;awGvnf; tusÐr0wfbl;/
'gudk uRefawmfYtaru oem;NyD; OD;usJuav;awGtwGuf tusÐawG oGm;ay;ao;w,f/

aemufaeYrSmyJ OD;usJu tJ'DtusÐawG? abmif;bDawG vmjyefay;oGm;w,f/ ar;MunfhawmY...
]]tJ'gawG 0wfvdkuf&if igYuav;awG ausmyl? acgif;yljzpfvdkY r,lyg&apeJY}} wJY/
OD;usJu opfyifawG wd&pämefawGwif csrf;omwmr[kwfbl;/ vlawGvnf; tifrwef

csrf;omw,f/ olarG;xm;wJYuav; b,fESpfa,muf ½SdrSef;awmif oludk,fwdkif rodbl;/ olYudk
ar;zl;w,f/
]]at; igvnf; 'Dq&mreJY(olYrdef;ru rlvwef;jyq&mr) b,fvdkb,fvdk nm;rSef;udk rod

ygbl;a0; ... olwdkYvnf; ajymif;vmp igYNcHudk vmvnfwm/ iguvnf; oli,fcsif;awGeJY tJ'DnrSm
aomufwmrsm;NyD; b,fub,fvdkjzpfrSef; rodygbl;uG,f/ reuf igtdyf&mu xawmY 'Dq&mru
xrif;tdk;wnfaewmawGUw,f .../
igYpdwfxJrSm ... at; ... 'Dq&mr bmvdkYrjyefvJrodaygYaemf/ tJ'geJY wpf&ufESpf&ufaevnf;

'if;rjyefbl;/ 'geJY ... igvnf; pdwfr½SnfawmYbJ olUudk ar;MunfhawmYrS ... vm;vm; ...
eifeJYig nm;NyD;NyD[m/ b,fudkjyef&rvJwJY .../ yxrqHk;uav; arG;csvdkufawmY ... tm; ...

igYqHyifarG;awGyg axmifwufoGm;w,f/ aMomf ... vltBuD;BuD;AdkufxJrSm vltao;av;½Sdaeygvm;vdkY
tJ'DawmYrS igodwm/ tJ'gNyD;awmYa[Y ... vltBuD;BuD;uae vlao;ao;b,fESpfa,muf
b,fESpfaumifrSef; rodawmYbl;/ 'if; uav;arG;wmrsm; qdwfacs;,dkaeovm;awmif atmufarY
.
SK
&w,f/ w>ywf>ywfeJY/ igrSwfrdwmawmY tBuD;aumifwpfaumifyJ}}
RI
N
olajymwJY om;tBuD;aumifu uRefawmfwdkYxuf trsm;BuD;BuD;ygw,f/ uRefawmfwdkY
W
rO
awGUwkef;uawmif qifOD;pD; vkyfaeNyD/ 'geJY qifawG bmvdkYarG;wmvJar;rdawmY ...

ou
ty
]]igYNcHxJu xGuforQ toD;tyifawG rsm;rsm;pm;Edkifatmif taumifBuD;BuD; 0,farG;wmyJ/

ea
ll b
'gayr,fY igYqDa&mufvmrS 'DaumifawG rsKd;wtm;yGm;NyD; BuD;vmMuwm/ olrsm;awG vm0,frS

wi
qifaps;aumif;&rSef;odw,f}}
ok
bo
uRefawmfpOf;pm;rdw,f/ avmbeJY aiGudk eif;uef½SmaeMuwJYolawGusawmY pD;yGm;rjzpfbJ

his
avmb? a'gouif;uif;eJY olYbmomol uRrf;usif&mav;eJY aexdkifolusawmYvnf; pD;yGm;jzpfwm

ft
eo
ajymraeygeJYawmY/
us
i al
tckyJ Munfhav ... OD;usJ&JU wJ[dkw,f/

erc
mm
Co

NrKdUBuD;jyBuD;awGrSmawmif wpfpkwpfa0;wnf; r&EdkifwmawGtm;vHk; OD;usJ&JU wJ[dkw,frSm
&w,f/ pm;csifwJYtoD;udk cl;pm;/ OD;usJ&JU wJ[dkw,frSm&w,f/
BuH&nfaomufcsifvm;/ BuH&nfudk vufeJYBudwfwmawmif r[kwfbl;/ qHkxJxnfhNyD; EGm;eJYudk

Budwf,l&w,f/ aomufcsifoavmufaomuf ... ydkwmawG BuHoum wifvJcsuf ... NrKdUwufa&mif; ...
ydkufqHawG&jyefawmY taumifBuD;ayYqdkwmawGarG; ... tJ'g vm0,f&if jyefa&mif; .../
[l; ... pD;yGm;wufyHkrsm; u&def;eJYqJGwifaeovm; rSwf&w,f ... vufawmifrvnfbl;qdk .../
tJ ... olcspfwJYolawG vmNyDqdk OD;usJrSm 0,fpkxm;wJY oMum;vHk;xkyfawG½Sdw,f/ a&aEG;udk

usufusufqlatmif wnfxm;w,f/ a&aEG;usufusufqlNyD;rS tJ'DoMum;vHk;awG a&aEG;xJ ypfxnfhNyD;
usKdwdkufw,f/ EdkifiHjcm;u azsmf&nfawG t&omtwdkif;&w,f/
OD;usJ&JU wJ[kdw,frSm ... uRefawmfwdkYi,fpOfuqdk ysif;&if OD;usJ&JU wJ[dkw,fudkoGm;?

pm;csifwmpm;? aomufcsifwmaomufNyD; tdrftjyefrSm cg;rSm ajymif;zl;wJG? vufxJrSm BuHoum
wpfxkyfeJY? BuHacsmif;udk w½Gwfygatmifwdkuf qJGudkufpm;NyD; tdrfjyef&wJYt&omudk tcktcsdefxd rarY
Edkifao;ygbl;/
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
.
SK
RI
N
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
ial
erc
mm
Co

uRef awmfwdkY½GmrSm bk&m;yJG½Sdw,f/ ½Gmbk&m;yJGqdkwmuvnf; wpfESpfrSwpfcg vkyf&wm

r[kwfvm;/ cgwdkif;ESpfawGvnf; vkyfay&JU .../ 'gayr,fY wpfEdkifwpfydkifavmufyJaygY .../ NrKdUZmwf
iSm;awmYvnf; ZmwfyJGaps;u t&rf;BuD;/ (trSefawmY ZmwfyJGu aps;odyfBuD;wm r[kwfygbl;/ ½Gmu
tdrfajcuvnf;enf;? vufvkyfvufpm;csnf;yJqdkawmY riSm;Edkifwmvnf; ygwmaygY ... tif; OD;usJwdkY?
.
SK
OD;wifatmifwdkYvdk tqifajyMuwJYvlawGuawmY uruxvkyfNyD; aiGtm; vltm; pdkufay;Muygw,f ...
'gayr,fY tm;vHk;BuD;vnf; b,fwwfEdkifygYrvJ/) RI
N
W
rO
tJ ... NyD;cJYwJYESpfuawmY ½Gmu tD;wDqdkwJYvlu yJGcoufomatmifqdkNyD; NrKdUwuf ZmwfyJG

ou
iSm;ay;oAs/
ty
ea
ll b
½GmtaMumif;ajym&if; aecJYzl;wJY½Gmu vlwpfa,muftaMumif;ajymcsifoAsm .../ olYtaMumif;udk

wi
uRefawmf vlvnfBuD;rsm;½GmqdkwJY 0w¬Kwpftkyfa&;zl;w,f .../

ok
bo
his
olUemrnfu tD;wDwJY.../
ft
eo
½kyfu pwDAifpyD;bwf(cf) ½kdufwJY tD;wDZmwfum;u tD;wD½kyf? tvkyfu aq;q&m? uifr&m

us
tpkwfuav; udkifNyD; ywf(pf)ydkYavmuf½kdufwJY "mwfyHkq&m/

ial
erc
mm
aq;q&mqdkvdkY txifrao;eJYAs .../ olu "mwfAdaE¨mwdkY jrefrmaq;wdkYa&mif;wJY aq;q&m

Co
r[kwfbl;/ yDbdt*Fvdyfaq;qdkifa&mif;wJY bdkaq;q&m/ q&m0efvnf; [kwfbl;aemf/ NrKdUu aq;cef;

wpfckrSm uGefaygifwmqdkvm; vkyfcJYzl;qdkyJ/ ½kd;½kd;ajym&&if aq;pyfay;wJYolaygY/ wpf½GmvHk;rSmvnf;
t*Fvdyfaq;taMumif;odolqdkvdkY olUwpfa,mufavmuf½SdwmqdkawmY olYudkyJtm;udk;ae&awmYwmudk;/
aeraumif;vnf; tD;wD? acgif;udkufvnf; tD;wD? Adkufemvnf; tD;wD? ywf(pf)ydkU"mwfyHk

½kdufr,fqdkvnf; tD;wD? tD;wDrS tD;wDyJ/ ½GmrSm r½Sdrjzpf tD;wDaygY/ 'gwifvm; ... [kwfao;bl;As .../
wpfcgom; ½GmrSm acsmwdkifwufyJG½SdawmY ½Gmom;tm;vHk; acsmwdkifwufMuwmudk;As/ acsmwdkifu

jrifYawmY wpfa,mufcsif;wufvdkYr&bl;/ av;a,mufwpfwJG wufMu&wm/ wpfa,muftay:
wpfa,mufqifY? tjrifYqHk;vlu wkdifqufwufwmaygY/ acsmwdkifqdkwmu 0g;ydk;wdkiftjrifYBuD;udk
uGif;v,frSm pkdufxm;NyD; ... wdkif&JUxdyfrSm a&eHacs;t&nfawG xnfhxm;w,f .../ acsmwdkifudk vlawGu
wufav acsmwdkifu vSKyfav ... wkdifxdyfrSm xnfhxm;wJY a&eHacs;u usav ... wdkifu acsmavyJ ...
awmfawmYZJGeJY txufra&mufEdkifbl; .../ twif; tm;wif;NyD; wufMu&w,f .../ 'gayr,fY
aemufqHk;rSm tm;vHk; vHk;axG;NyD; usvmwmcsnf;yJ .../ wpfzJGUrS ratmifjrifbl;/ vlawG wufvdkYr&av
qkaMu;u rsm;avaygY .../
naeapmif;wJYtxd tzJGUawGu BuKd;pm;yrf;pm; wufMuwkef;yJ/ b,folrS yef;wdkifudk rqGwf

cl;EdkifaMuao;bl;/ 'geJYyJ acsmwdkifay:u qkaiGudk tm;vHk;u vufavQmY&awmYrvdk jzpfaeNyD/
½Gmom;tm;vHk;vnf; ajcukefvufyef;usvdkY rxEdkifMuawmYbl;/ tJ'DtcsdefusrS acsmwdkifay: zwfzwf
zwfzwfeJY ajcuefwufvmolwpfa,mufudk awGU&w,f/ MunfhvdkufawmY ]]tD;wD}}/
vG,fvG,fav;ygAsm/ wdkifxdyfay:u yef;wdkif zswfueJ vSrf;,lNyD; jyefavQmqif;vmw,f/

tusÐawmif qDacs;raybl;/ tm;vHk; tHYtm;oifYukefw,f/ av;a,mufqifY wufvdkYr&wJY[mudk
wpfa,mufwnf; wufoGm;wmudk; .../
.
SK
olUudk ar;MunfhawmY ...
RI
N
]]bmrS r[kwfygbl;uGm? igu qDukefwJYtcsdefusrS wufwmyg...}} wJY/
W
rO
ou
ÓPfaumif;yHkrsm; ajymygw,f? ½GmrSm yJGjzpfwkef;u Munfhygvm; .../

ty
ea
ll b
½Gmbk&m;yJGudk tJ'DESpfrSm pnfpnfum;um; vkyfcsifvdkY NrKdUZmwfiSm;wmAs/ cgwdkif;ESpfqdk&ifawmY

wi
qdkif;0kdif;av;iSm;? rdk;vif;ayguf ydwfum;axmifjy? 'DavmufygyJ/

ok
bo
'DESpfusrS q&mawmfudk,fwdkif olYarG;aeYeJY wdkufaevdkY BuD;BuD;us,fus,fvkyfwm/

his
ft
eo
jzpfcsifawmY bk&m;yJG&moDu NrKdUZmwfawG acgif;uJGwJY&moD? yJGu b,fvdkrS iSm;vdkYr&bl;/

us
al
'geJYyJ enf;enf;vnfvnfywfywf½SdwJU tD;wDudk NrKdUZmwfiSm;zdkU vTwfvdkufw,f/

i
erc
mm
bmMumvdkYvJ/ oHk;&ufyJ/ tD;wD ZmwftzJGUum;BuD;eJY cefYcefYBuD; jyefa&mufvmw,f/

Co

pHkprf;MunfhvdkufawmY b,f[kwfrvJ/ tD;wDu Zmwfacgif;uJGaewJY Zmwfom;awGudk awGUu&m
pkpyfNyD; ac:vmwmudk;/ bmyJjzpfjzpf ½Gmu vlawGu ZmwftzJGUa&mufvmNyDqdkawmY aysmfwmaygYaemY/
yJGrMunfh&wm MumNyDudk;/
yJG&uf wpfywfavmufvdkao;awmY ZmwftzJGUu vlawG 'DvdkyJ ½GmxJae? ½GmxJ csufauR;wm

pm;eJY tqifudk ajyaewm/
½Gmu cGufykef;qdkifrSmqdk rif;om;BuD;utp vlMurf;? vl½Tifawmf? qdkif;orm;tm;vHk; wpfoDrS

wpfoDBuD;/ rif;orD;awGuvnf; ½Gmom;awGeJY nm;rvdk? cdk;rvdkawG jzpfaeNyD/ ½Gmom;wcsKdUvnf;
bvwfawGeJY aygif;NyD; bvwftxmawG pGwfpufpdrfY0ifaeNyD/ 'geJY q&mawmfbk&m;uyJ rjzpfacsbl;
qdkNyD; olUtoufudk ESpf&ufwdwd tBuD;cHNyD; arG;aeYudk ESpf&ufapmNyD; usif;yvdkuf&w,f/
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
.
SK
RI
N
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
ial
erc
mm
Co

tJ 'DawmYrS a&mufaewJY ZmwftzJGUu zkwfylrD;wdkuf ZmwfwdkufawmYwmudk;/ Zmwfq&m

uawmY odw,f r[kwfvm;/ vli,f'g½kdufwm "mwfyHk tD;wD (wHcGefwdkif)av .../
Zmwfwdkufw,fqdkwmuvnf; [kdu ½Gm½kd;udk;ayguf pHkatmifuaewJY Zmwform;awGav/
.
SK
rif;u 'gajym? rif;u 'gajymqdk NyD;NyD/ trlt&mudk oifp&mrvdkbl;/ aemuf Zmwfvrf;udk tjynfh
wdkufwm r[kwfbl;/ wpf0ufyJ/ RI
N
W
rO
tD;wDudk ar;MunfhawmY ...

ou
ty
]]vmr,fav ... 'gvQKdU0Sufcsuf/ tck wdkufxm;wm jrifoGm;&if Zmwfvrf;aygYoGm;rSmpdk;vdkY ...}}

ea
ll b
wJY/ olUZmwf bmqufjzpfr,frSef; u&r,fY ZmwfolZmwfom;awGawmif rodbl; .../

wi
ok
'DvdkeJY Zmwfu&r,fYaeY a&mufvmw,fqdkygawmY/

bo
his
yxrydkif; orm;pOft& bk&m;½Sdcdk;wm? tysKdawmfawG xGufwm? pwdwf½SKd;qdkwm ponfjzifY

ft
eo
½kd;½kd;av;ygyJ/
us
ial
____________________________________________
erc
mm
____________________________________________
Co

aemuf nusawmY tdrfu ay;roGm;vdkY usKyfwdkY yJGroGm;vdkuf&bl;/ 'geJY

yJGoGm;MunfhwJY vlawGudk tJ'Dn jyZmwf b,fvdkaeovJqdkawmY ...
]]raeYnuxufawmif ESpfcsufydkypfao;w,f ...}} wJY/
.
SK
awmuf ... rMunfh&wm vTwfemw,f/ RI
N
W
rO
xm;ygOD; ... jyZmwf/

ou
ty
NyD;awmY ESpfyg;/ trsm;½TifwJY ESpfyg;cGifaygYAsm/ rif;om;uawmY/ tif; ... rif;om;uawmY .../

ea
ll b
wi
rif;om;qdkwm tJ ... emrnfawmY rajymawmYygbl;/ ESpfyg;cGif pxGufuwnf;u xdk;vdkufwJY

ok
uRrf;? arsmuf½SKH;w,fAsm? aowåmay:xdk;NyD; wdkifuDxJxdk;? uvyfay:wufxdk;eJY rsufpdudk aemufa&m/

bo
his
qdkwJY oDcsif;uvnf; wpfydk'fwnf; .../ aEGrdefwaygif;av .../

ft
eo
us
oDcsif;pwmeJY ...
i al
erc
]]aEGrdefwaygif; a[mif;a[mif; ... ae½Sdefajymif; a[mif;a[mif; ... ½Gufa[mif;a<uus ajrc

mm
&NyDav ...}}
Co

qdkNyD;wmeJY cg;awmif;usKdufNyD; uRrf;xdk;awmYwmyJ .../
wpfcgNyD;wmeJY rif;om;u ...
]]'gav;u wpfrsKd; ... uJ ... aemufwpfrsKd; xyfMunfr,f ½Gmpm;a& ...}}
]]aEGrdefwaygif; a[mif;a[mif; ...}}qdkwmeJY rif;om; aemufwpfrsKd; uRrf;xdk;jyawmYwmyJ/

bmyJ uçu olYyg;pyfykyfBuD;u ]]aEGrdefwaygif; a[mif;a[mif; ...}}yJ ... rydkbl; .../
MumawmY ... MunfhwJYvlawGawmif rsufpdawG aemufukefw,f/ y&dowftm;vHk; yGpdyGpd

jzpfukefMuw,f/ [kwfw,fav? yJGMunfhygw,fqdkrS arsmufyJGMunfh&ovdkvdk jzpfaewm/ atmifrm ...
oMum;vHk;awG ypfwif&if ydkxdk;ao;oAs/ olUudk,folrsm; wu,fYw&m;0ifarsmuf xifaevm; rodbl;/
'geJYyJ MunfhaewJYvlawGu ...
]]bmawG vkyfjyaevJrodbl; ...? rsufpdudk aemufaewm ...}}
]]at;av ... tifrwefeefYwJY arsmufawmif 'Davmuf rujrif;bl;xifw,f ... arsmufrdef;r½Tif

usaewmyJ ... ujrif;csufuawmY ...}} ponfjzifY toHawG xGufvmw,f/ 'gudk ½Gmv,fu
a':jrwifBuD;u ...
]]tdkat ... eifwdkYu tJ'Dvdk rajymygeJY ... NcKHMunfh&ifaumif;ygw,f ...}}qdkNyD; xajymw,f/

olUudk MunfhawmY rk'HkapmifBuD; NcKHvdkY .../
bmrSvnf; rMunfhbl;? yJGcif;xJ vmtdyfaewm/ vlpnfvdkYwJYav/ tm;vHk; 0g;ueJ yJGusoGm;
.
SK
awmYw,f/
RI
N
W
xm;ygawmY? aemufydkif; ZmwfawmfBuD;taMumif; qufrajymawmYygbl;/ atmfy&meJY jyZmwf

rO
rSmawmif 'Davmuf qdk;ae&if aemufydkif;taMumif; qufajym&if rsuf&nfygusoGm;r,f/ vli,f

ou
ty
'g½kdufwm "gwfyHktD;wD (wHcGefwdkif) OD;pD;wmudk; .../

ea
ll b
xm;ygawmY ... tJvdkeJY caemfeDcaemfeJYeJYyJ NyD;oGm;a&mqdkygawmY .../ vli,f'g½kdufwm "gwfyHk

wi
tD;wD (wHcGefwdkif)vnf; b,favmufawmif emrnfBuD;oGm;ovJqdk&if tifrwefrS a'gouif;w,f

ok
bo
qdkwJY ½Gmausmif;u q&mawmfawmif olYudk ESpfywfavmuf pum;rajymawmYbl;av ... bkef;BuD;udk

his
tcsOfzrf;vdkYqdkyJ .../
ft
eo
us
____________________________________________
al
____________________________________________
i
erc
mm
Co

tD; wDaq;taMumif;yJ qufajym&atmif .../

tD;wDu aq;pD;w,f ajymMuoAs/ aemuf ... olu wdusoAs/ aeraumif;vdkY olYqD
oGm;&if ...
]]bmjzpfvJajym ...}}
.
SK
]]aeraumif;wmyg ...}} RI
N
W
rO
]]acgif;a&m udkufao;vm;}}
ou
ty
]]tif; ... enf;enf;awmYudkufovdkyJ ...}}

ea
ll b
wi
]]Adkufa&m atmifYao;vm;}}
ok
bo
rMunfhbl;aemf .../ vludk vHk;0rMunfhwm/ vlrMunfhvdkY aq;bl;awG Munfhaevm; qdkawmY

his
r[kwfjyefbl;/ aq;bl;awGvnf; olvufvSrf;rD&m ay;wmyJ .../

ft
eo
us
aq;wpfq,fzdk;avmuf0,f&if q,fYig;vHk;avmuf&w,f/
ial
erc
ta&mifpHk? t&ompHk? Mu,fyHkvnf;ygao;w,f/ Bwd*Hvnf;ygw,f/ av;axmifYvnf;ygw,f/

mm
t0dkif;vnf;ygw,f/ yef;a&mif? tjymEka&mif? c&rf;a&mifponfjzifY ta&mifpHkyJ .../

Co

aomufxnfhvdkuf aysmufNyD .../
b,favmufxd aysmufovJqdk&if ...
]]udkBuD;wifatmifav? reufu taumif;BuD;As .../ aeYcif;usawmY acgif;enf;enf;udkufvdkY

tD;wDaq;qdkifrSm aq;awmif 0,faomufao;/ nvnf;usa&m aumufumiifumqHk;a&m ...}}
tJvdkudk aysmufwm/ bmeJYqHk;vdkY qHk;rSef;udk romudk,fwdkifrodatmif aysmufwm/
]][,f ... r,fjrwpfa,mufawmf ... xrif;pm;&if; Adkufuav;enf;enf; atmifYvmvdkYwJY ...

tJ'g tD;wDqD oGm;wm .../ tD;wDu wpfcgwnf;NyD;atmif aq;pyfay;½Smom; ... tD;wD u,fwmawmif
r&bl;/ aq;aomufNyD; cPaeawmY ... 'Daumifr bmrajym nmrajymeJY aumufrsufjzLvefNyD;
qHk;wmyJ ...}}
tawmfrsm;rsm;uawmY a&m*g wu,faumif;oGm;MuoAs/ bmvdkYvJqdk usKyfwdkY Munfhygvm;/
tJ'Dwkef;u wpfcgwpfav rkefYzdk;wpfq,favmuf&&if rkefY0,frpm;bl; .../ tD;wDaq;

0,fpm;wm .../ olu aq;ay;wm rsm;vdkY .../ olar;&if ukd,fajzvdkuf½kHyJ .../
]]acgif;udkufvm;}}
]]tif; ... udkufovdkvdkyJ ...}}
]]Adkufa&m ...}}
.
SK
]]tif; ... atmifYovdkvdkyJ ... [kd ... ajcqpfyg emaew,f ...}}
RI
N
W
a&m*goHk;rsKd;avmuf ajymvdkuf? aq;a&mifpHk q,fYig;vHk;avmuf&w,f/ 'g ... nreuf

rO
ESpf&ufpmaemf/ tvHk;oHk;q,f ravsmYbl;/ pm;ayavY wpfaeukef/ cg;wmvnf;ygw,f/ csOfwmvnf;

ou
ygw,f/ csKdwmvnf;ygw,f/ t&omudk pHka&m/ wpfcgwav vsufqm;yg a&may;ao;wm/ 'gaMumifY

ty
ea
usKyfwdkY ckcsdefxd usef;rmaewmMunfh/ usKyfwdkY olYaq;udk rpm;bl;qdk&ifawmif ESpfjynfavmuf

ll b
pm;zl;w,f/ tD;wDq&m wefcdk;eJY &wemaq;rdk; ½GmoGef;NzKd;xm;wm/

wi
ok
bo
aemufNyD; tD;wDu usL½Sifvnf;jyoAs/ olu usefwJYtcsdefawGqdk aq;q&myJ/ tJ rSwfyHkwif

his
vkyfcsdefwdkY vdkifpifavQmufcsdefwdkYqdk&if "gwfyHkq&m/ "gwfyHkuvnf; xl;cRefw,f ajym&r,f/ ywf(pf)ydkY

ft
½kdufwmudk acgif;rygwmeJY bmeJY/ pmar;yJGeD;&if aq;q&m "gwfyHkq&mwpfjzpfvJ usL½Sifq&m

eo
us
jzpfoGm;a&m/
al
i
erc
____________________________________________
mm
____________________________________________
Co

xm; OD;awmY .../

uRefawmfwdkY ½Gmu ajymif;cgeD;rS ½Gmbk&m;yJGeJY wpfcgxyfNyD; BuKHawmYwmudk;As/
'DESpfusrS xl;xl;jcm;jcm; NrKdUZmwf riSm;awmYbJ OD;a&jym;? OD;q,fjym;? tD;wDwdkY OD;pD;NyD;

½GmZmwf uMurSmwJY .../
.
SK
RI
tD;wDtajymuawmY NyD;cJYwJYESpfu tawGUtBuKHt& .... yifyef;awmY udk,f ... emrnfBuD;awmY
N
olwdkY ... tjzpfrcHEdkifbl;wJY/ udk,fYbmomudk,fuNyD; ukd,fYbmomudk,f emrnf,lawmYr,f qdkudk;As .../
W
rO
ou
wpf½GmvHk; vIyfvIyf½Sm;½Sm; jzpfukefMuw,f .../

ty
ea
ll b
urSmuvnf; MunfhOD; .../ pwdwf½SKd;eJY jyZmwf ESpfckxJurSm/

wi
ok
pwdwf½SKd;uvnf; xl;qef;w,f/ bmwD;0dkif;rS riSm;bJ OD;aZmf0if;(]]0dwf}}qHo)u r,f'dkvif

bo
wD;NyD; qdkcsifolawGqdk ... NyD;NyD/ bm'&rf? *pfwmrS rygbl;/ at;a&m .../

his
ft
eo
jyZmwfuvnf; olwdkYzmomolwdkY a&;xm;wJY awmfvSefa&;Zmwf/ pum;ajymr,f/ aoewf

us
ypfr,f/ ZmwfydkYaw;*Dwudk pyDumeJY uufqufeJY zGifYay;r,f .../ 'gyJ .../

i al
erc
mm
xl;jcm;wmu 'DyJGrSm yg0ifujy toHk;awmfcHolawGuom ZmwfyJGtwGuf ukefusaiGpdkuf&r,f

Co
qdkwmyJ/

½Gmuvnf; oabmusMuw,f/ b,folUrS ydkufqHrxnfh&bJ yJGMunfh&r,fqdkwm
aumif;aumif; raumif;aumif;av ... MunfhMurSmyJ .../ t"du yJGjzpfoGm;zdkY t"du r[kwfvm;/
'DvdkeJY jyZmwfawG wdkufMuwmaygY/ oDcsif;uawmY axGaxGxl;xl; usifYaep&mrvdkygbl;/

naewdkif; aZmf]]0dwf}}qHoa½SU qdkaeusr[kwfvm; .../ jyZmwfudkom t"duxm; wdkufMu&wm/
jyZmwfu ruzl;olawGvnf; ygwmudk; .../
jyZmwfrSm yg0ifolawGuawmY ydk;rao;wJY tzdk;av;awGcsnf;yJ .../ jyZmwfrif;om;uawmY

ODF;aZmf0dwf .../ olu Av½Sdol r[kwfvm;/ oleJY NyKdifzufu ½Gmvlrdkuf OD;q,fjym; .../ jyZmwf
rif;orD;u OD;q,fjym;uawmf a':oef;&D .../ olu Zmwfuzl;ol r[kwfvm;/ usefwJY OD;a&jym;wdkY
tD;wDwdkYu0kdif;r,f/ tm;vHk; tqifajyaeNyD .../
cufaewmu olwdkYtzJGUxJrSm a':jrwifBuD; ygaewmyJ/ olu aiGtrsm;qHk;pdkufxm;awmY

olUudk roHk;vdkYr&bl; jzpfaew,f/
a':jrwifqdkwmuvnf; yJGuzdkY rajymeJY? NrKdUZmwfawG ½Gmvmu&ifawmif yJGcif;xJ vlpnfvdkY

vmtdyfaew,fqdkwJYvlrsKd; .../ bmyJGrSvnf; rMunfhzl;wJYtjyif tEkynmeJYywfoufNyD; bmA[kokwrS
r½Sdbl;/ tqdk;qHk;u pum;udkawmif a&a&vnfvnfrajymwwfwmyJ/ 'Dtwdkif; pum;ajymae&ifawmif
olrodwJY pum;vHk;qdk [kdoif; [kdoif; xnfhxnfhajymaewJY[mudk .../
tJ'geJY tm;vHk;n§dNyD; a':jrwifudk jyZmwfxJwpfcef; xnfhay;r,f/ aemufNyD; ZmwfyJG

wpfyJGvHk;&JU taemifpm(tpDtpOfaMunmol) ay;vkyfr,faygY/ (a':jrwifu oDcsif;qdkr,fcsnf; vkyfae
wmudk; .../) 'DvdkeJY tm;vHk; tqifajyoGm;Muw,f/ ZmwfyJGpr,fYaeYtxdaygY/
.
SK
____________________________________________
____________________________________________ RI
N
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
al
i
erc
mm
Co

yJG qdkrS yJGygAsm .../
pifu wdkifuDav;vHk;ay: opfom;awGwifNyD; aqmufxm;wm/ vdkufumawG r½SdvdkY ½Gmausmif;

q&mawmfudk avQmufNyD; vdkufumvkyfxm;&w,f/ bmpaygYvdkufrS rygbl;/ rD;acsmif;awG? rD;vHk;awG
'Dtwdkif;wyfNyD; yvyfcHkrSm tzGifYtydwfvkyfMurSm .../ rSdefcsif&if cvkyfydwf? vif;csif&if cvkyfzGifY .../
'gyJ.../
Zmwfu rjynfhpHkwJYtjyif ZmwfxJrSmygwJY OD;a&jym;eJY OD;q,fjym;wdkYu jyóem wufae
.
SK
ao;w,f .../
RI
N
W
jyóemt&if;tjrpfu b,folydkNyD; oDcsif;qdkaumif;ovJqdkwmu pNyD; rmeNyKdifMuawmYwm

rO
ygyJ .../
ou
ty
ea
]]rif;u ... oDcsif;udk b,favmufqdkwwfvdkYvJ ...}}

ll b
wi
]]rif;ua&m ...oDcsif;udk b,favmufqdkEdkifvdkYvJ ...}} ponfhjzifY jiif;&muae ...

ok
bo
]]owdå½Sd&if rdkufcGufrudkifaMu; tqdkNyKdifMurvm; ...}}qdkNyD; jzpfvma&m .../ [kwfw,fav?

his
ft
rdkufcGufudk vufeJYrudkifaMu; avmif;MuwmaygY/

eo
us
]]pdefvdkufav ...? rdkufcGufrukdifbJ rif;b,favmuf toHEdkifvJ/ igb,favmuf toHEdkifvJ

ial
erc
prf;MuwmaygY}}qdkNyD; oabmwlvdkufMuw,f/ avmif;aMu;u csuft&ufig;vHk;aMu; .../ 'dkifvlBuD;u

mm
OD;usJ .../ at;a&m.../

Co

yJGrpcifuwnf;u avmfpyDumoHu qlnHaew,f/ yJGuGufvyf&JU eHab;rSmvnf; xHk;pHtwdkif;
yJGaps;awGeJY bmeJY olY[molawmY [kwfaewmygyJ .../ ½GmeD;csKyfpyfu yJGiwfolawGuvnf; yJGqdk bmyJG
jzpfjzpf Munfhr,fqdkNyD; a&mufaeMuNyD .../ [kwfw,fav bmyJGrSr½Sd&if MuufyJGawmif taumif;vkyf
MunfhaewJY[mudk .../
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
.
SK
RI
N
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
ial
erc
mm
Co

]]yJGpNyD...}}
yJGpNyDqdkwmeJY taemifpm a':jrwif&JUtoH pMum;&ygawmYw,f/
]]<ua&mufvmMuwJY [dkoif;vmy&dowfBuD;½SifY ...}}
y&dowfBuD;u b,foif;vmw,fawmY rodygbl;/ a':jrwifu olrajymwwfwJYpum;vHk;qdk

olU0oDtwdkif; [kdoif; xnfhajymawmYwmudk; .../ tckvnf; a½TyJGvmudk rajymwwfvdkY [kdoif;vm
.
SK
qdkNyD; ajymcsvdkufawmY em;axmif&wm wpfrsKd;BuD; .../
RI
N
]],ckqufvufNyD;... aus;½Gmvltaygif; pkaqmif;yg0ifxm;wJY [dkoif;ya'omBuD; jyawmYrSmrdkY
W
rO
tm;vHk; ae&m,lay;Muyg&ef yefMum;tyfygw,f ...}}

ou
ty
Mum;&oltaygif; acgif;awGudk axmifua&mYyJ/ trSefuawmY uyJGya'omjzpf&rSm/ tckawmY

ea
ll b
olajymvdkufrS bmvdkvdk .../ 'gayr,fY tqifajyygw,f/ vlawGu oabmaygufpGmeJYyJ yJGcif;xJae&m

wi
,lMuw,f/
ok
bo
odyfrMumygbl; udkaZmf0dwfBuD; olYr,f'kdvifudk olYAvBuD;eJY n§pfNyD;wufvmw,f/ NyD;awmY

his
ft
acG;ajccHktykwpfvHk;rSm xdkifw,f/ 'gudk a':jrwifu ...

eo
us
]]wD;0dkif;tzJGUu a&mufaeygNyD ... qdkr,fYolu ...}}

ial
erc
mm
wD;0kdif;tzJGUvdkYom ajymwmyg/ trSefawmY wpfa,mufwnf;/

Co

]],ck ... pwifazsmfajzr,fYolu vli,f'g½kdufwm "mwfyHk tD;wD (wHcGefwdkif) jzpfygw,f ...}}
tzGifYqdk&rSmqdkawmY raMumifatmif enf;enf;obm½Sdoludk ac:vdkufwmyg/ tD;wD pifay:

wufvmw,f/ atmifrm ... tusÐtjzLeJY befaumufykqdk;eJY ausmYvdkY oefYvdkYAs/
trSefawmY tusÐtjzLeJY befaumufykqdk;u wpfpHkwnf;½Sdwm/ 'gudkrS oDcsif;qdkolu qdkNyD;&if

wkdifzHk;aemufuG,frSm &yfaewJY abmif;bDwdk? tusÐcRwfeJY aemufqdkr,fYvludk cRwfay;/ tJ'Dvlu tusÐ
tjzL? befaumufykqdk;udk0wf/ oDcsif;qdk/ NyD;&if jyefcRwfcJYay;/ tJvdk tvSnfhusvkyf&rSm/ tD;wDom
pifa½SUxGufoGm;wm/ wdkifzHk;aemufrSm abmif;bDwdkeJY wkefaewJYolawG trsm;BuD;/
atmifrm ... wef;pDwJYtxJ olBuD;OD;a½TaemifawmifygoAs/ olvnf; oDcsif;qdkrSmudk; .../
tD;wDvnf; xGufvma&m a':jrwifu qufvufaMunmay;w,f .../
]],ck ... pwifazsmfajzr,fYolu tm;vHk;odwJYtwdkif; ½Gmusufoa&aqmif tD;wDyg ... ol

oDqdkr,fY oDcsif;uawmY ...}}
tD;wDrsufESmBuD; rnf;wufoGm;w,f/ jzpfcsifawmY olvnf; pifay:rSm vHkcsnfjyif0wfwJY

tcsdefBuD;udk; .../ trSefawmY oDcsif;emrnfu trkef;cGeftm; ay;oem;yg/ 'gudk olu trkef;udk arYNyD;
[dkoif;BuD;xnfhajymvdkufawmY t"dyÜg,fu wpfrsKd;BuD;jzpfoGm;w,f/ tD;wD a':jrwifudk vSnfhMunfhNyD;
ajymrvdkY vkyfao;w,f/ aemufrS owd&NyD; rSifjyefowf? pifa½SU &yfvdkufw,f/
vmNyD.../ OD;aZmf0dwfBuD;&JU nifomwJYwD;uGuf .../ tD;wDuvnf; uGufwdyJ? oDcsif;0if&r,fY

ae&m ... aqG;vSwJYrsufESmeJY oDcsif;udkpqdkvdkufw,f ..../
.
SK
RI
]]qkwdkif;a'gif;om ... jynfhapcsif ... [if ...}} N
W
olU[molqkdNyD; olY[mol jyefaMumifoGm;w,f/ olqdk&rSmu ]]qkawmif;wdkif;om jynfhap

rO
csifygonf ...}} jzpf&rSm/ tckawmY qkawmif;wdkif;rjzpfbJ qkwdkif;a'gif;BuD;jzpfoGm;wmudk;/ 'gaMumifY

ou
ty
[efrysuf oDcsif;udk &yfNyD; udkaZmf0dwfudk tpu jyefpwD;zdkY tcsufjyefjyw,f/ [kduvnf; tpu

ea
jyefwD;ay;ygw,f/ trSefawmY olydk;aewJY rodef;aqG olYudk r,lbJ wjcm;½Gmom; ,loGm;vdkY

ll b
wi
zD;(vf)wufaewJYoDcsif; .../
ok
bo
oDcsif;tifx½kdvnf; qHk;a&m tD;wDu uGufwdyJ oDcsif;udk jyef0ifqdkvdkufw,f/ toHuvnf;

his
0g0gatmifatmifBuD;eJY ...
ft
eo
us
]]qkwdkif; ... a'gif;om jynfhapcsifygonf ... [m}}

i al
erc
mm
Co

olaemufwpfcg xyfqdkvdkufayr,fY qkawmif;wdkif;rjzpfbJ qkwdkif;a'gif;yJ jzpfaewmudk;/
usD;MunfhaMumifMunfheJY y&dowfudk vkdufMunfhw,f/ yJGMunfhy&dowfuvnf; tD;wDudk aMumifNyD;
MunfhaeMuw,f/
trSefawmY y&dowfu bmrSodwmr[kwfbl;/ ol&yfvdkufvdkYom em;raxmifMuawmYwmbJ/

bmoDcsif;nmoDcsif; odyfodMuwmr[kwfbl;/ 'geJY tD;wDu aemufwpfBudrf jyefpzdkY udkaZmf0dwfudk
tcsufjyjyefw,f/
udkaZmf0dwfuvnf; enf;enf;awmY wif;aeNyD/ 'gayr,fY pifay:rSm r[kwfvm; r½TifrjyeJYyJ

jyefpw,f/ tD;wDuvnf; qufqdkw,f/
]]qkwdkif; ... a'gif;om ... tmuGm ...}}qdkNyD; rdkufcGufudk *vHkueJ ypfcsNyD; qif;oGm;awmYwm/
]]udkif;[m ... qkwdkif;a'gif;OD;? qkwdkif;a'gif;OD; ...}}qdkNyD; rdkufcGufudk zaemifYeJY aygufoGm;ao;/

trSefawmY olUzmomol xlylNyD; pum;rSmwmyg/ 'gudk rdkufcGufaMumifYyJ rSm;ovdk vkyfoGm;ao;/
wwfvnf;wwfEdkifwJYvl .../
wdkifzHk;aemuf a&mufwmeJY olBuD;OD;a½Taemifu olYtusÐeJY vHkcsnf qJGcRwf,lvdkufw,f/

'DtvSnfhu olYtvSnhf[mudk; .../
zwfueJ pifjrifYay:u rD;vif;vmw,fqdk&ifyJ ... olBuD;udk tckvdk pifay:rSm cefYcefY

oefYoefYBuD; jrif&awmY ½Gmom;awGtm;vHk; yJGusoGm;Muw,f/
]]olBuD;uG ...}}
.
SK
RI
]]'grS OD;a½TaemifuG ...}}qdkwJY toHawG qlnHoGm;w,f/ OD;a½Taemifu y&dowfudk vufwpfcsuf
N
a0SU&rf;jyNyD; udkaZmf0dwfukd Munfhw,f/ udkaZmf0dwfuvnf; tHYtm;oifYpGm olBuD;udk jyefMunfhw,f/
W
oDcsif;wdkufwkef;u olBuD;ygrSrygbJudk;/
rO
ou
ty
]]rif; ... bmoDcsif;awG&vJ}}

ea
ll b
olBuD;&JU cyfjywfjywftar;/ 'gudk udkaZmf0dwfu acgif;av;ukwfNyD; ...

wi
ok
bo
]][kdav ... awmfawmfrsm;rsm; &ygw,f/ tJ ... wHGaw;odef;wefoDcsif;awGqdk ydkydkifw,f ...}}

his
ft
]]wHGaw;odef;wef ...}}
eo
us
al
aZmf0dwfpum;udk olBuD;u vdkufa&½Gwfw,f/ NyD;rS ...

i
erc
mm
Co

]]wHGaw;odef;wefoDcsif;awGawmY igtvGwfr&bl;uG ...? 'gayr,fY ...}}qdkNyD; cg;Mum;xJrSm
avQmufprf;vdkuf pOf;pm;vdkuf vkyfaew,f/ NyD;rS zwfueJ wpfckudk qJGxkwfvdkufw,f/
t[kwfAsm; .../ wHGaw;odef;wef aw;aygif;csKyfBuD;/ udkaZmf0dwfyg rsufvHk;jyL;oGm;w,f .../
olBuD;u wHGaw;odef;wef oDcsif;pmtkyfudk [dkvSef'DvSefvkyfNyD; ...
]]yef;EG,fupdrf; ... &rvm;}}
olBuD;tar;udk udkaZmf0dwf acgif;oGufoGufndwfNyD; ....
]][kwf ... [kwfuJY ... &ygw,f}}qdkNyD; r,f'dkvif vufuGufprf;w,f/ [kwfw,f/ wHGaw;

odef;wef&JU yef;EG,fupdrf;oDcsif; .../
olBuD; oDcsif;pmtkyfudk cyfjrifYjrifYajr§mufMunfhw,f/ rD;tvif;a&mifenf;awmY odyfroJuJGbl;

xifygY .../ NyD;rS y&dwfowfbuf vSnfhvdkY ... wHGaw;odef;weftoH ... wHGaw;odef;wef[efeJY ...
]]tJ ... uRefawmf tck oDqdkr,fYoDcsif;u ... tJ ... uRefawmf cspfcifav;pm; tJ ... wefzdk;
xm;&ygaom ... tJ tpfudkBuD; wHGaw;odef;wef&JU tJ ... yef;EG,fupdrf; qdkwJUoDcsif;yJ jzpfygw,f .../
tJ ... arwåmawmfteEÅeJY [efusyefus ½SKpm;em;qifay;Muyg a½TyJGvm ...}}
olBuD;qDu yDoMunfjrwJY wHGaw;odef;wefoHBuD; xGufvmawmY y&dowf a0gueJ oabmus

oGm;w,f/ toHwlwJYtjyif wHGaw;odef;wefudk olYtpfudk&if;vdkvdk bmvkdvkdajymawmY oabmusMu
wmaygY .../
.
SK
oDcsif;tifx½kdu 0ifaeNyD/ olBuD;u oDcsif;aw;oGm;udk tyDtjyif cHpm;aew,f/ tck
RI
N
usawmYvnf; olYyHku &yf½GmpDrHtkyfcsKyf tvkyf½SKyfaewJY ½GmvlBuD;wpfOD;eJY rwlawmYbJ wu,fY0g&ifY
W
tEkynmorm;yHkaygufaew,f/ oDcsif; t0ifydkufrSm owd&NyD; pmtkyfudk ajr§mufum oDcsif;udk pqdk

rO
vdkufw,f/
ou
ty
ea
]]yef;EG,fu ... pdrf; ... tJ ... pdrf;w,f ... a&;qdk - wHGaw; ... odef;wef ... [if}}
ll b
wi
olBuD;u oDcsif;udk wHGaw;odef;wefoHeJYqdk&if; pmom;rSmygwJY a&;qdk - wHGaw;odef;wef

ok
bo
qdkwmBuD;yg xnfhqdkrdawmY aMumifNyD;&yfoGm;w,f/ pmom;xJrSm b,fES,fY a&;qdk -wHGaw;

his
odef;wefBuD; ygaeovJaygY .../

ft
eo
us
aemuf ... taotcsmMunfhNyD;rS ol oabmaygufoGm;w,f/ oDcsif;emrnfuvnf;

al
yef;EG,fupdrf;? oDcsif;tpuvnf; yef;EG,fupdrf;qdkawmY acgif;pOfu pqdkrdNyD; atmufu a&;qdk -

i
erc
wHGaw;odef;wefqdkwmBuD;yg qdkrdoGm;wmudk; .../ 'gaMumifY ½Suf½SufeJY ...

mm
Co

]][muGm ...}}qdkNyD; rdkufcGufudk *vHkueJ ypfcsum wdkifzHk;aemuf ajy;0ifoGmawmYw,f/ NyD;awmY
0wfxm;wm cRwfyHkNyD; abmif;bDwdkeJYyJ qif;csoGm;awmYw,f .../
olUaemufrS ... vmNyDAsm .../
OD;q,fjym;/ olu OD;a&jym;eJY rdkufrudkifaMu; tavmif;tpm;vkyfxm;wmqdkawmY tyDtjyif

qdkr,fqdkNyD; pifay:½GNyD; wufvmw,f/ pifay:a&mufwmeJY 0g&ifYtqdkawmfBuD;rsm;vdk y&dowfudk
ydkifydkifBuD; a0YMunfhw,f/ y&dowfuvnf; oDcsif;wpfyk'frS aumif;aumif;em;raxmif&ao;awmY yJGu
prSef;rod rprSef;rodeJY ½GpdpdawG jzpfaeNyD .../
OD;q,fjym;u bmvkyfvdkYvkyf&rSef;rodbJ rsufacs;okwfvdkuf acgif;ukyfvdkufvkyfaeNyD; ... NyD;rS

NyKH;NyKH;BuD;eJY ...
]]uRefawmf tck oDqdkr,fYoDcsif;uawmY *kPf ... qdkwJY oDcsif;jzpfygw,f/ aiG½SdrS *kPf½Sdw,f

xifMuwJY vlawGtwGuf uRefawmf q,fjym;yJwefwJY q,fjym;u aiGtaMumif;? *kPftaMumif;udk
tqdktueJY a[m'Dvdk wifqufrSmyg ...}}
trSefawmY 'DoDcsif;rsKd;u qdkif;BuD;0kdif;BuD;eJYqdkrS em;axmifaumif;wJYoDcsif;rsKd;yg/ 'gayr,fY

r,f'dkvifwpfvHk;wnf;½Sdw,fqdkawmY b,fwwfEdkifrSmvJ/ wpfvHk;wnf;eJY&atmif qdk&awmYrSmaygY/
wpfzufuvnf; rdkufrudkif&bl;qdkawmY vlpdwf0ifpm;atmif uqdk&rSmudk;As/ 'DavmufuawmY
q,fjym;u ydkifygw,f/
oDcsif;uvnf; ol rl;wdkif; qdkNyD; zGwfzGwfnufnufaMuatmif &xm;wJYoDcsif;r[kwfvm; .../
.
SK
vmNyDAsm .../ OD;q,fjym;&JU q,fjym;wef*kPf .../
RI
N
]]*kPf ... *kPf ... *kPf ... *kPfqdkwm aiGudkac:w,f ... aiGudkom a&vdkoHk;&if wpfjynfvHk;rSm
W
vkyforQwifYw,f ... *kPf ... *kPf ... *kPfwJYAsm}}

rO
ou
ty
olUoDcsif;oHMum;awmY enf;enf;½GcsifwJY umvom;rsm;u vdkufqdkay;w,f/ oDcsif;uvnf;

ea
t&uform;BuKdufoDcsif;av/ r,f'dkvifwpfvHk;wnf;eJY qdk&ayr,fY OD;q,fjym;&JUtoHu pD;ydkifaeawmY

ll b
wi
em;axmif&wm tm;½SdwmaygY .../

ok
bo
]]a,mu©rBuD;u rsufESmcsKdw,f ... cspfr,m;u apwemydkw,f ... a,mu©r a,mu©BuD;u

his
rsufESmcsKdw,f ... uRefawmfYr,m;u apwemydkr,f ... aiG&atmif½Smr,f ... aiG aiG a&vdkoHk;r,f ...
ft
eo
aomufr,f pm;r,f aysmfr,f yg;r,f ...}}

us
al
y&dowfeJY OD;q,fjym; tpyft[yfudk wnfhaewm/ OD;q,fjym;uvnf; tm;&NyD; vufoD;

i
erc
mm
vufarmif;wef;NyD; aemufwpfausmY jyefpvdkufw,f/

Co

]]*vHk ... *vHk ... *vHk}}
]][if}}
olqdkwmu *kPfygyJ/ b,fYES,fY *vHk *vHk toHxGufoGm;w,fqdkwm rodbJjzpfaew,f/

aemuf ... taotcsmMunfhrS rdkufpwef;BuD;u ol vufoD;vufarmif;wef; ckefuaewJY 'Pfudk rcHEdkif
awmYbJ pifMurf;jyifay: jyKwfusoGm;wm/ OD;q,fjym;vnf; tJ'DawmYrS todjyef0ifNyD; rdkufcGufudk
ukef;aumufzdkYvkyfw,f/ tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ OD;a&jym;&JU ...
]]a[Yaumif ... ig;ykvif;aemf ... ig;ykvif; ...}}qdkwJU toHMum;awmY OD;q,fjym;vnf;

rdkufcGufudk udkifr,fYvuf wGefYoGm;&w,f/
[kwfw,fav .../ oleJY OD;a&jym; rdkufcGufrudkifaMu; avmif;xm;wmudk; .../ rdkufcGufudk

aumufyJudkif&rvm;/ raumufbJxm;&rvm; ... ra0cJGEdkifwmeJY wGefUqkwfwGefYqkwfjzpfaew,f/
aemufrS ... a'goxGufoGm;NyD; ...
]]'Davmuf jrifYapcsifvdkY pwef;eJYxm;wmudk jrifYw,fxifNyD; ckefcscsifwJYrdkuf ... eifY[meif

Murf;jyifay:rSmyJ ae&pfao&pfayawmY ... tif;[m ... tif;[m ...}}qdkNyD; zaemifYeJYaygufum ½SL;½SL;
½Sm;½Sm;eJY pifaemufajy;0ifoGm;awmYw,f/
olYudk MunfhNyD; OD;a&jym;uawmY atmifjrifolozG,f w[m;[m;&,fvdkY .../
]][m; ... [m; ... [m; ... a&jym;wkvdkY q,fjym;ckef zifcGyfcGyfusKd;½kHom ½SdawmYrSmaygYuG ...
[m; ... [m; ... rdkufcGufrudkifbJ oDcsif;qdkzdkUqdkwm obmvdkw,fuG q,fjym;& ... [J[J ... rif;q&m
.
SK
a&jym; b,fvdkqdkoGm;r,fqdkwm apmifYMunfhvdkuf oli,f ... rdkufcGufudk ½kd;½kd;rudkif½kH rubl; ...
ygazmrifYqdkwJYtwwfeJY y&dowftonf;udk b,fvdkvSnfhcsLr,fqdkwm Munfh ... atmifrm ½Suf&rf; RI
N
&rf;NyD; qif;zdkYrBuKd;pm;eJYOD; ... t0wftpm; vmcRwfygOD; ... rifYudkBuD;vnf; 0wf&OD;r,favuGm}}
W
rO
ou
pifaxmifYrSm t&ufykvif;BuD;ydkufNyD; ililBuD;xdkifaewJY tD;wDbufudkvnf; vSnfhvdkY .../

ty
ea
]]a[Yaumif ... tD;wD? igajymxm;wJYtwdkif;aemY .../ igEdkif&if rif;udk ESpfvHk;xyfay;r,f ...

ll b
wi
ygazmrifYudkawmY yDygap ...}}qdkNyD; tD;wDudk n§dw,f/ tD;wDu olUZufusKd;BuD;ay: wifxm;wJY

ok
acgif;apmif;BuD;udk ndwfjyum ...

bo
his
]]cifAsm;BuD;om uwdwnfygap ... usKyfwm0efawmY pdwfcs ...}}qdkNyD; jyefajzw,f/ OD;a&jym;u

ft
eo
atmifEdkifolvdk NyKH;NyD; ...

us
al
]]pdwfcsprf;yguGm ... OD;a&jym;wJY ... udk,ftay:rSm bmrSxm;wmr[kwfbl; ...}}qdkNyD; pifa½SUudk

i
erc
mm
wpfvSrf;csif; vSrf;oGm;w,f/ atmifrm NyKH;NyKH;BuD;eJY vufudkawmif aemufypfoGm;ao;/ r,f'dkvif

Co
wD;r,fY aZmf0dwfuvnf; OD;a&jym; bmvkyfrSef;rodvdkY aMumifMunfhaew,f/

OD;a&jym;u aZmf0dwfudk oDcsif;pwD;zdkY rsuf&dyfjyvkdufw,f/ udkaZmf0dwfu rdkufcGufa&mqdkNyD;
vuf[efajc[efeJY ar;w,f/ 'gudk OD;a&jym;u ydkifygw,fqdkwJY txmrsKd;eJY oDcsif;udk pwD;cdkif;w,f/
olwD;cdkif;awmY [dkvluvnf; aMumifawmifawmifeJY pwD;&awmYwmaygY .../ aemuf r,HkovdkeJY
OD;a&jym;udk vSnhfMunfh vSnfhMunfh jzpfaew,f/ y&dowfuvnf; rdkufcGufrygbJ pifay:&yfaewJY
OD;a&jym;udk aMumifNyD; MunfhaeMuw,f/
oDcsif;t0ifydkif;usawmY uGufwdAsm;/ pifacgifrdk;uae rdkufcGufBuD; BuKd;eJY usvmNyD; OD;a&jym;

yg;pyfa½SUrSm NidrfoGm;w,f/
]]aus; ... apcdkif;&rSmjzifY ½kd;w,f xifw,f ...}}
OD;a&jym;&JUtoH toifYusvmwJY rdkufcGufuae yDyDoo MunfMunfhjrjrBuD; Mum;vdkuf&awmY

y&dowfrsm; a0gueJ oabmusoGm;w,f/
]]'grS ... OD;a&jym;uG ...}}
]]a&jym;uG ... a&jym; ...}}
]]om;a&jym; ... om;a&jym; ... tJav ...}}qdkwJY toHawGvnf; pDnHoGm;Muw,f/ r,f'dkvif

wD;aewJY udkaZmf0dwfawmif 0rf;omoGm;w,f/
OD;a&jym;uvnf; at;aq;yJ/ NyKH;NyKH;BuD; oDcsif;udk qufqdkaew,f/
]]ayzl;vTm ... ayzl;vTm ... trSmyg;&rSmjzifY ... zdk;vrif;udk ...}}
.
SK
rdkufcGuf enf;enf;edrfYoGm;w,f/ OD;a&jym;u cg;av;udkif;NyD; qufqdkw,f/
RI
N
W
]]zdk;vrif;udk ...}}
rO
ou
rdkufu ydkedrfYvmw,f/ MunfhvdkufawmY tD;wD t&ufrl;vGefNyD; tdyfidkufaew,f/ 'gudk

ty
ea
ODa&;jym;u cg;udk xyfudkif;um ...

ll b
wi
]]zdk;vrif;udk atmifoG,fcdkif; ... &r,f ...}}

ok
bo
his
rnfodkYyifqdkapumrl y&dowfu OD;a&jym;&JU ygazmrifYudk tBuD;tus,foabmusaeMuw,f/

ft
vufacgufrSKwfoHawGvnf; pDnHaew,f/ OD;a&;jym;u [efrysuf oDcsif;qufqdkw,f/

eo
us
]]atmifoG,fawmf ... zdk;a½Tvrif;&,f wdrfxJudk 0ifumrajy;eJY awmif;yefw,f ...}}

i al
erc
mm
Co

rdkufcGufu wjznf;jznf; edrfYqif;NyD; olUcsufavmuf a&mufvmw,f/ ukef;qdkzdkUqdkwmvnf;
b,fvdkrS rjzpfEdkifawmYbl;/ tD;wD MunfhawmYvnf; wpfzufu BuKd;qJG wpfzufu ykvif;ydkufNyD;
tdyfaysmfaewm a[mufrsm;awmifa[mufvdkY/ 'geJYyJ [efrysuf 'l;axmufxdkifNyD; oDcsif;qufqdkw,f/
]]atmifoG,fawmf ... zdk;a½Tvrif;&,f wdrfxJudk 0ifumrajy;eJY awmif;yefw,f ... cspfolU

tajzpum; NyKH;&dyfav;rsm; vrif;rSm½Sdw,f ...}}
rdkufcGufu qdk&if;qdk&if; ydkedrfUvmw,f/ 'l;axmufxkdifvdkYr&awmYwmeJY wifyg;csxdkifum

'l;wpfacsmif;ay: vufwifxm;vdkuf&w,f/ y&dowfuawmY OD;a&jym;BuD; oDcsif;qdk&if; tdkufwif
vkyfaew,frSwfNyD; 0rf;omtm;&udk tm;ay;aeMuw,f/
]]awG;&if;tajz½Sm ... armvSygNyD tcspf&,f ...}}
olqdkaewkef;rSmyJ rdkufcGufu Murf;jyifeJY xdzdkU wpfxGmtuGmavmufxdukd edrfYqif;vmw,f/

OD;a&jym; b,fvdkrS qufqdkvdkYr&awmYwmrdkY ab;wapmif;vSJcsNyD; tdyf&if;qufqdkw,f/
]]'Dwpfcg vrif;awGU&if NyKH;jzpfatmif NyKH;jyvdkufyguG,f ...}}
ab;wapmif;vSJNyD; ydkifydkifEdkifEdkifqdkcsoGm;wJY OD;a&jym;udkMunfhNyD; y&dowfawG tBuD;tus,f

oabmawGusaeMuw,f/
]]'grS a&jym;uG ...}}qdkwJY toHawGvnf; qlnHaew,f/ olwdkYpdwfxJrSm OD;a&jym;BuD; wrif

ynmjyaew,f xifaeMuwmudk .../ xifvnf;xifp&m/ OD;a&jym;½kyfu NyKH;NyKH;BuD;[m .../
.
]]cspfwJYpdwfudk ... [m ...}}
SK
RI
N
olwpfvHk;yJ qdk&ao;w,f tD;wDu qwfueJ Edk;vmNyD; rdkufBuKd;udk qJGvdkufwJYtwGuf
W
rdkufcGufu qwfueJ jyefjrifYwufoGm;w,f/ 'gudk OD;a&jym;uvnf; vsifw,f/ csufcsif;ukef;xNyD;

rO
&atmifqdkw,f/
ou
ty
ea
]]rsKdodyfumxm;aomfvnf; ... a½Ttm;u i,fi,f ...}}

ll b
wi
rdkufcGufu olYyg;pyfaygufuae jrifYwufNyD; acgif;ay:a&mufoGm;w,f/ 'gudk OD;a&jym;

ok
bo
uvnf; &atmif ajczsm;axmufNyD; vdkufqdkw,f/

his
ft
]]azmfa½GtNyKH;eJY ... cspfp&maumif;wJY cspfol&,f ...}}

eo
us
al
rdkufu ydkjrifYoGm;NyD/ OD;a&jym; ajczsm;udk twwfEdkifqHk; vdkufjr§ifYaxmufMunfhw,f/ ESpfzuf

i
erc
r&awmY wpfzufwnf; jr§ifYaxmufNyD; aemufwpfzufeJY ,SufMunfhw,f/ r&bl; .../ tD;wDu

mm
rdkufBuD;udk rvGwfwrf;qJGNyD; idkufaeawmY olidkufav rdkufujrifYav jzpfaew,f/ OD;a&jym;vnf;

Co

rdkufcGufudk t&yfaxmufNyD;qdkvdkY b,fvdkrS rrDawmYwmeJY ab;em;u r,f'dkvifwD;aewJY aZmf0dwfudk
*vGrfueJ uefcsNyD; aZmf0dwfxdkifwJYcHkudk ajcreJY n§yf,lNyD; cHkay:wufvdkufw,f/
uGufwdAsm/ ol cHkay:wuf&yfvdkufwmeJY rdkufcGufu olYyg;pyfaygufeJY uGufwd/ OD;a&jym;u

bmrSrjzpf[efeJY NyKH;NyD; oDcsif;udk qufw,f/
]]vrif;u wpfqifY ... cspfwJYtaMumif;udk ajymcsifw,f ...}}
zvGwfueJ rdkufcGufu edrfYusoGm;w,f/ OD;a&jym;cHk&JU ausmrSDudk zwfueJ xdkifcsvdkufw,f/

olUyg;pyfaygufeJY rdkufcGufu uyfygaew,f/
]]cspfjcif;&nfwl ... MunfjzLEdkifr,fqdk&ifjzifYuG,f ... zdk;a½Tvrif;udk NyKH;½kHav; NyKH;jyvdkuf

yguG,f ...}}
rdkufBuKd;u tD;wDvufxJuae zvGwfueJ vGwfusNyD; Murf;jyifeJY wpfxGmtuGmrSm

oGm;&yfw,f/
OD;a&jym;vnf; cHkay: ajcESpfzufwifNyD; Murf;jyifay: vufESpfzufaxmuf 0rf;vsm;arSmuf

vdkufw,f/ 'DMum;xJ rdkufcGufu jrifYvmvdkuf edrfYoGm;vdkufjzpfaewmeJY olUcrsm 'dkufxdk;NyD;awmYudk
&atmifqdkae&w,f/
]]atmifoG,fawmf zdk;a½Tvrif;&,f ... wdrfxJudk 0ifumrajy;eJY awmif;yefw,f ...}}
y&dowfuawmY OD;a&jym; 'DoDcsif;rsKd;udk 'Dvdk 'dkufxdk;NyD;awmYudk qdkvdkY&w,f xifvdkYvm;
.
rodbl; ... tBuD;tus,f tm;ay;Muw,f/ 'dkufu q,fcsufavmufxdk;NyD;aeawmY qufrxdk;Edkif
SK
RI
awmYbl;/ tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ rdkufcGufu vSpfueJ jyefwufoGm;NyD; awmifbuf,drf;vdkuf? ajrmufbuf
N
,drf;vdkufjzpfaew,f/ OD;a&jym;uvnf; eyfw,f/ rdkufcGuf,drf;&m ar;av;wxdk;xdk;eJY qdkMunfhw,f/
W
rdkufcGufu ydk,rf;vmw,f/
rO
ou
ty
rouFmvdkYMunfhvdkufawmY OD;q,fjym;/ tD;wDqDu rdkufBuKd;BuD;,lNyD; vTJaewm/

ea
OD;a&jym;vnf; tavsmYray;csifpdwfeJY udEé&mtueJY ajy;vkdkuf&if; ...

ll b
wi
]]atmifoG,fawmf ... zdk;a½Tvrif;&,f}}

ok
bo
his
rdkufcGufu ajrmufbufjyefajy;oGm;w,f/ OD;a&jym;u ajczsm;wpfzufaxmuf ckefvdkuf&if; ...

ft
eo
us
]]wdrfxJudk 0ifumrajy;eJY ... awmif;yefw,f}}

i al
erc
rdkufcGufu awmifbufjyefajy;oGm;w,f/ OD;a&jym; &atmifajy;vdkufw,f/

mm
Co

oDcsif;wpfyk'fqdkygw,f/ vlu xdkifxvkyf&? 'dkufxdk;&? udEé&mvdkY&eJY aZmacR;awG ½TJepfaeNyD/
'gayr,fY ravQmYao;bl; .../
]]cspfoltajzpum; tNyKH;yGifYav;rsm; vrif;rSm&dSw,f ...}}
rdkufcGuf ajrmufbufajy;oGm;&if; jrifYwufoGm;w,f/ OD;a&jym; rkdufcGufaemuf ajy;vdkuf&if;

cHkay:wufqdkw,f/ Munfh&wmudku [yfaewmyJ .../ udEé&m ajrjyifuae aumif;uifysHwufoGm;
ovdkrsKd; ../
]]awG;&if; tajz½Sm ... armvSygNyD ...}}
rdkufcGuf awmifbufjyefajy;oGm;w,f/ OD;a&jym; ajy;vdkufygao;w,f/ 'gayr,fY ...
]]arm ... armvSNyDuGm ... wu,f armvSNyD ... a[m[J ... q,fjym; awGUMuao;wmaygY ...}}
qdkNyD; oDcsif;qufrqdkbJ vkdufumaemufu OD;q,fjym;qD ajy;0ifoGm;w,f/ OD;q,fjym;uvnf;
vsifw,f/ rdkufBuKd;udk vTwfcsNyD; ajy;awmYwmaygY .../
aemufqHk; pifay:rSm b,folrSr½SdawmYbl;/ r,f'dkvifwpfvHk;eJY udkaZmf0dwfBuD;wpfa,mufyJ

usefawmYw,f/ qufqdkr,fYvlawGvnf; r½SdawmYbl;/ qdkwwfwJYolr½SdawmYovdk qdk&JwJYolvnf; r½Sd
awmYbl;/ wpfa,mufrS oDcsif;qHk;atmif rqdk&ao;awmY pwdwf½SKd;u atmifjrifw,fvdkYvnf; ajymvdkY
r&bl;av .../
oDcsif;wpfyk'frS aumif;aumif;em;raxmif&ao;awmY y&dowfu vSKyfvSKyf½G½G jzpfaeMuNyD/

jyefwJYolawGawmif xjyefukefNyD/
.
SK
RI
]]uJ ... uRefawmfyJ qdkawmYr,fAsm ...}}qdkNyD; r,f'dkvifudk ydkufum taemifpmvkyfaewJY
N
a':jrwifBuD;qD uref;uwrf;oGm;NyD; ...
W
rO
]]uRefawmfYoDcsif;xJrSm pum;wpfydk'f 0ifajymay;prf;yg ...}}qdkawmY a':jrwifu rkdufcGufBuD;

ou
ty
udkifNyD; a,mifawmifawmifeJY acgif;ndwfum ...

ea
ll b
]]tif;tif; ... b,ftcsdefrSm ajym&rSmvJ ...}}

wi
ok
bo
]][dkav uRefawmf rsufpypfvdkuf&ifajymawmY ...}}qdkawmY a':jrwifvnf; acgif;ndwfw,f/

his
aZmf0dwfBuD;u r,f'dkvifydkufNyD; pifa½SU jyefxGufvmum ...

ft
eo
us
]]uRefawmf tck oDqdkr,fYoDcsif;uawmY [oFmwxGef;&if&JU pum;ajymaom tonf;ESvHk;

al
jzpfygw,f ... ½SKpm;em;qifay;Muyg ...}}

i
erc
mm
pdwfrysufMuygbl;/ tm;vHk; vufckyfwD; tm;ay;Muao;w,f/

Co

bmvdkYvJqdkawmY aZmf0dwf&JUb0u tJ'DoDcsif;pmom;eJY tvGefudkufnDcJYwmudk; .../
tjzpfu 'Dvdk .../
aZmf0dwfi,fpOfu acsmwkef;vSwkef;tcdsef/ acwftjrif½SdNyD; a,musfm;rSef&iftav;r&r,fqdkwm

olwpfa,mufwnf; odNyD; *0HausmufwHk;ESpfwHk;udk tke;f qHBuKd;eJY csnfxm;wJY jcif;awmif;BuD;xJxnfhNyD;
0dwfraewkef; tcsdefrSmaygY .../
wpf½GmvHk;u ysKdysKdtdktdk umvorD;rsm; BuKduMf uygav&JU/ EdkYayr,fY aZmf0dwfu ½Gmem;ujruf

½GmEGm;rpm;bl;qdkwJYpum;twdkif; wpfzuf½Gmu jrufEkjzpfwJY ]]0yk}}qdkwJY uav;r cdk;csvmyga&mYvm;/
0ykqdkwJY uav;ruvnf; acsmvSawmY aZmf0dwfcrsm oabmuscJYyHk&w,f/ 'gaMumifY tdrfrSm csdwfqJG
xm;wJY ewftkef;tvm; udk;uG,fxm;NyD; yGwfoD;yGwfoyfeJY t&may; cspf½SmcJYw,f/
emrnfudkawmif 0ykvdkY jywfjywfBuD;ac:&if tcspfavsmYw,fxifrSmpdk;vdkY ]]0yk&mb&mvmwDyk}}

qdkNyD; oHpOfuav;eJY ac:w,f .../ vlu ]tav;}rwJYtjyif tEkynmuvnf; tEkynmorm;udk;As .../
'gayr,fY ½kyfuav;omvSNyD; pdwfxm;rvSwJY 0ykr[m aZmf0dwf r½Sdcsdef aZmf0dwftar

a':0if;wifBuD;udk tdrfrSm tdkvSqdkNyD; armif;csvdkufygava&mvm; .../ &ufpufwJYvkyf&yfaygY/
'gudkawmif aZmf0dwfcrsm 0ykrudk tjypfrjrif cspfcif½Smwkef;/ 0yk&mb&mvmwDykaewkef;/
aemufqHk;awmY rdcif a':0if;wifBuD;crsm om;pdwfeJY qHk;oGm;½Smw,f/ aZmf0dwf tjrifrSef

&csdefrawmY olY&JU ½SKrNiD;wJY tonf;ausmf 0ykru olYtdrf½Sdwm tukefa&mif;csNyD; i,fcspfarmif
ausmfudkudkqdkwJY ukvm;vif;wav;eJY aemufwpfBudrf vifaemufvdkufoGm;½SmNyD/
.
SK
RI
vifaemufrvdkufvdkYvnf; r&awmYbl;av .../ aZmf0dwfBuD;u vufyl;vufMuyf vufqkyf N
vufudkifrdoGm;wmudk;/ ukvm;vif;w armifausmfudkudku '*l;ulul;aqmYaewmygqdkNyD; nmw,f/
W
'gayr,fY 'DtqifeJY 'Dtqif '*l;ulul;qifrS r[kwfbJ/ tJ'DawmY t½SufruJGcif ajy;&NyDaygY .../

rO
ou
ty
'DvdkeJY aZmf0dwfcrsm avmuudkpdwfemNyD; ½SdorQtukefjzwfr[JY BuKH;0g;&if; jzwfcJYwm

ea
acgif;aygif;wpf&mausmf½SmaygY/ (qHyif ajymwmaemf)/ tJ'DxJu qHoq&mtjzpf t½kd;xkwf&if; ½Sd½SdorQ

ll b
wi
jzwfcJYwm ,cktcsdefxdyJ qdkygawmY .../

ok
bo
tJ ... tckawmY wdkifuDav;vHk;pifay:rSm cefYcefYnm;nm;eJY qHk;oGm;wJY tarudk atmufarY

his
owd&pGmeJY ]]pum;ajymaom tonf;ESvHk;}}oDcsif;udk [pfa<u;r[JYqdkawmY y&dowfu a½Tabmawmf

ft
eo
usoxufusawmYwmaygY/ aEG&moDudk; .../ [,f ... bmqdkifvdkYvJ .../

us
al
a[m ... vmNyDAsm/ r,f'dkvifoH Mum;&NyD .../ Munfhprf; r,f'dkvifudk vTrf;oGm;atmif

i
erc
mm
xGufvmwJY udkaZmf0dwftoH .../

Co

]]a½T½kyfeJYESKdif;vdkY ... a½T½kyfyif½kdif;avrvm;uG,f ... aiGveJYESKdif;&if aiGvyif ½kdif;rSmvm;uG,f ...
cspfwJYoltvS&,f omvdrfYr,f xifw,f}}
y&dowftm;vHk; udkaZmf0dwf&JU o'áy:rSm NidrfusoGm;w,f/ toHBuD;u BuD;BuD; MoMo

wkefwkefeJY av;av;yifyif ½SdvSyga&mYvm;/
]]oHa,mZOform;wpfOD;rSmuG,f ... rif;twGufqdk&if wu,f jzpfvdk&mjzpfygapuG,f ...}}
udkaZmf0dwf oDcsif;qdk&if;eJY tarYudk owd&wmvm;/ cspfcJY&ol 0ykrudk owd&wmvm;rod?

rsufESmu NyKdawmYr,fYrdk;vdk rSKdif;nKdUoGm;w,f/
]]MuifemjrwfEdk;vGef;vdkY ... t&dyfwMunfhMunfh aeolr,f ... rsufESmi,frSmpdk;w,f ...

ESpfa,mufom; reD;MurSm ylyefawG;awm&if;om&,f ... cspfola0;aomtcgrsm; rjzpfvdkNyD wu,f ...}}
udkaZmf0dwf&JU toHMoZmatmufrSm y&dowfu zDviftjynfheJY arsmukefNyD/ udkaZmf0dwftoHu

wu,fYvGrf;vGrf;aqG;aqG;BuD; .../
]]wpfaeYaomtcgr,f ... cspfwJYol vSEJGUaESmif;u ... armifwu,f cspf&JUvm;wJYuG,f ...}}
qdk&if;qdk&if;eJY aZmf0dwfBuD; idkoHpGufvmw,f/ rsuf&nfawG &pf0dkif;vmw,f/ armif wu,f

cspf&JUvm; qdkwJYtydk'frSm tvdkrus[ef ½SKdufoHav; xnfhvdkufawmY y&dowf ydkxdoGm;wmaygY/
]]cspfpum;rsm; oufaoxm;um ... tcufBuD;BuKH &r®ufrD;yHkyGm;aewmu ...}}
y&dowfawG olYtoHrSm arsmyg&if; twdwfu armifaZmf0dwfav;eJY r0ykrav;wdkY&JU
.
SK
zswfzswfvl; tcspfZmwfvrf;av;udk owd&oGm;ovdk rsuf&nf0dkif;oGm;Muw,f/
RI
N
W
aZmf0dwfBuD; rsuf0ef;uvnf; rsuf&nfaygufueJ usvmw,f/

rO
ou
]]tckrS cufvSygNyDuG,f ... rmwmrdcifBuD;&UJ tonf;ESvHk;udkrS olu vdkcsifw,f ...}}

ty
ea
ll b
tJ'Dtydk'frSm txdAsm/ rmwmrdcifBuD;&JU tonf;ESvHk;udkrS olu vdkcsifw,f tydk'frSm

wi
&ifacgif;oHBuD;udk idkoHpGufNyD; qdkcsvdkufwm atmufu pdwfrEdkifol y&dwfowfawGqDu rsuf&nf

ok
bo
NzKdufueJ usukefw,f/
his
ft
yJGcif;wpfckvHk; ½kwfcsnf;tajctaeajymif;oGm;awmYw,f/ qdkwJYoluvnf;idk? y&dowfuvnf;

eo
vdkufidkeJY tawmfYudk vGrf;p&mayaumif;wmuvm;/ qdkwJYoluvnf; uG,fvGefolrdcifBuD;udk vGrf;vdkYidk?

us
al
y&dowfuvnf; oDqdkoltaMumif;udk odvdkYidk/ yJGcif;wpfckvHk; &ifuJGemusaeovm; atmufarY&w,f/

i
erc
tJ'DtcsdefrSmrS jzpfcsifawmY ...

mm
Co

]]atmifrav; ... udkaZmf0dwfBuD;&JU ... 'gawG[m uRefr&Jutjypfyg ... a[m'D ... 0ykr&JU
tjypfyg ... [D; ...}}qdkwJY idkoHMum;vdkY vSnfhMunfhvdkufawmY aZmf0dwf&JU r,m;a[mif; 0ykr/ olYcrsm
raeEdkifvdkYom wpfzuf½Gmu yJGvmMunfhwm/ vlodrSmpdk;vdkY acgif;rl;BuD;NcKHxm;ao;/ tckawmY
aZmf0dwf&JU tEkynmpsmefudk rcHEdkifvdkYxifw,f/ NAJueJ xidkawmYwmudk;As/ 0ykrudk jrifawmY aZmf0dwf&JU
oDcsif;taMumif;t&mrSm arsmygaewJY ½Gmom;tm;vHk; wif;oGm;NyD; ...
]][if ... 'Daumifr ... wdkYtqdkawmfudk ESdyfpufoGm;wJYaumifr ... yg;udkcsypfr,f ...}}
]][kwfw,f ... aZmf0dwftar&JU tonf;ESvHk;udk vdkcsifwJYaumifrudkcsypf ...}}qdkNyD; tonf;

emem tuJygygeJY 0ykrem; 0dkif;aeMuw,f/ 'gudk 0ykruvnf; NzKdifNzKdifusaewJY rsuf&nfMum;uae ...
]]½kdufMuyg ... ½kdufMuyg ... udkaZmf0dwfBuD; 'Davmuf cHpm;&atmif &ufpufrdwJY 0ykrudk

cGifYrvTwfMuygeJY ... ½kdufESufNyD; qHk;rMuyg ...}}
Zmwf½Sdefu tawmfjrifYaeNyD/ 'Dtaetwdkif;qdk vlowfrSK rvJGraoGjzpfawmYrSm/ vlwdkif;&JU

rsuf0ef;awGu 0ykray: rD;0if;0if;awmufaeNyD/ tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ ...
]]wrSKdifrSKdif wawGawG ...}}
rdkufcGufuwpfqifY xGufvmwJY udkaZmf0dwf&JU MunfjryDowJY toHMum;awmY y&dowf

tm;vHk;&JU tm½kHu pifay:jyefa&mufoGm;Muw,f/
]]aeYpOf&ufqufvGrf; ... rsKdodyfumxm;ayr,fY ... om;cspfwJY arar ar;vmonfhcPr,f ...}}
.
tm;vHk; aZmf0dwfudk jyefMunfhMuw,f/ aZmf0dwfuvnf; &ifuJGtdkemusaewJY toHBuD;eJY
SK
RI
qufqdkw,f/ N
W
]]ckrqdkif;yg ... wkrESKdif;om arwåmrsm;eJY "m;xufxuf &ifudkcJG ... om;cspfoludk ay;apaMumif;

rO
tonf;ESvHk;udk xkwfum ... cE¨mpJvdkY ajrodkY vJ½Smw,f ...}}

ou
ty
ea
rdcifBuD; cE¨mudk,fudkcJG tonf;udk xkwfay;NyD; ajrjyifodkY vJusoGm;w,fqdkwm Mum;wmeJY

ll b
ckeu NidrfaewJY y&dowfBuD;tukefvHk; 0rf;enf;NyD; xidkMujyefa&m/ oDcsif;pmom;t"dyÜg,fuvnf;

wi
&ifuJGemuscsifp&mBuD;udk; .../
ok
bo
his
om;&JUcspfolu vdkcsifw,fqdkvdkY udk,fY&JUcE¨mudk,frS riJYn§m tonf;ESvHk;udk xkwfNyD;ay;&JwJY

ft
rdcif&JUarwåmudk tjynfht0 azmfusL;xm;awmY ridk&raeEdkifawG jzpfaew,f/ b,folU Munfhvdkuf

eo
us
Munfhvdkuf yJGcif;wpfckvHk; w½Skyf½SKyfawGjzpfaew,f/ aZmf0dwfrdef;ra[mif; 0ykrqdk idk&if;eJY wufae

al
ovm;awmif atmufarY&w,f/ ajrjyifay: tawmifYvkdufBuD; vl;vSdrfYvdkY .../

i
erc
mm
Co

vmNyDAsm .../ oDcsif;&JU txGwftxdyftydk'f? 'Dtydk'frSm rdcif&JU tonf;ESvHk;pum;oHudk
BuKdcHpm;NyD; ,lBuKH;r&jzpfaeMuolawG trsm;BuD; .../ oDcsif;qdkaewJY aZmf0dwfBuD;crsmawmif
vGrf;vGef;vdkY idkoHudk tEdkifEdkifxdef;NyD; oDcsif;udk zwfoDzwfoDeJY qufqdkae&w,f/ vrdkif;uvnf;
rxifrSwfatmif vTwfuyfaewmudk;/ pifay:pifatmuf wpfom;wnf;udkusvdkY/
]]arG;aray;aom tonf;udk,lum ... uvsmEJGUaESmif;qD tajy;vmcdkufr,f ... c&D;vrf;rsm;

rabGtv,f cvkwfuefoif;wdkufumvJ ... tarYtonf;ESvHk; vGifYumusw,f ...}}
udk,fudk,fwdkif cvkwfrsm;wdkufrdovm; xif&w,f/ udkaZmf0dwftoHu tJ'DtoHu tJ'D

ae&mrSm idkoHBuD;eJY aqmifYNyD;xGufvmwm/ tonf;ESvHk;uvnf; wu,fvGifYusNyD; vdrfYoGm;wJY
twdkif;yJ/
aemuf 'gNyD;&ifvnf; a':jrwifBuD;&JU pum;ajym&r,fYtydk'frdkY aZmf0dwfBuD; a':jrwifudk

BuKdNyD; rsuf&dyfjyxm;w,f/ a':jrwifBuD;uvnf; acgif;wqwfqwf ndwfjyw,f/ olodygw,faygY/
'gaMumifY aZmf0dwfvnf; &ifuJGtdkemtusqHk;toHeJY oDcsif;qufqdkvdkufw,f/ atmifatmifvSKdifvSKdif
uJGuJGBuD; ...
]]tarYtonf;ESvHk; vGifYumusw,f ... tonf;ESvHk;u pum;ajymvmNyDuG,f ...}}
aZmf0dwfBuD; a':jrwifudk rsuf&dyfjyw,f/
'Dae&mrSm a':jrwifBuD; pum;ajym&r,fYtydk'f .../ rdkufcGufu xGufvmwJYtoHBuD;u ...
]]usKyfu bmajym&rSmvJawmf ...}} wJY .../
.
SK
RI
]][if}} N
W
rqDrqdkif xGufvmwJY a':jrwifpum;aMumifY tidkxlNyD; oDcsif;qdkaewJY aZmf0dwfBuD;

rO
aMumifNyD; &yfoGmw,f/ cke vGrf;vGrf;aqG;aqG;eJY idkaewJY y&dowfvnf; yg;pyfawG [ukefw,f/

ou
ty
trSefawmY ...
ea
ll b
]]tarYtonf;ESvHk; vGifYumusw,f ... tonf;ESvHk;u pum;ajymvmNyDuG,f ...}}qdk&if

wi
tarY&JU vGrf;vGrf;aqG;aqG;toHBuD;eJY ...

ok
bo
his
]]om; vlav; b,fem;emoGm;vJ om;&,f}}qdkNyD; &ifuJGemtjynfhay;&rSm .../ tckawmY ...

ft
avusBuD;eJY ...
eo
us
al
]]usKyfu bmajym&rSmvJawmf ...}}qdkNyD; jzpfoGm;awmY tm;vHk;aMumifoGm;awmYwmaygY/ aemufrS

i
erc
aZmf0dwfBuD; owd&oGm;NyD; ...

mm
Co

]]tm ... bmajym&rSef;rod&ifvnf; ... tpxJu ar;xm;ygvm; ... awmuf ...}}qdkNyD;
r,f'dkvifudk *vHkueJ ypfcsNyD; ½SL;½SL;½Sm;½Sm;eJY pifaemufajy;0ifoGm;w,f/ [kwfw,fav .../
tonf;ESvHk;u pum;ajymr,fY tarawmif ]]usKyfu bmajym&rSmvJawmf}}qdkNyD; jzpf&

avmufatmif ajymp&mrSr½SdawmY olvnf; bmqufqdkp&m½SdawmYrSmvJ .../
tJ'DawmYrS cke idkaewJY y&dowfBuD;vnf; qufNyD;awmYyJ idk&rvm;? xNyD;awmYyJ atmf&,f

&rvm; jzpfaew,f/ ckeu wufrwwfcsufrwwf idkaewJY 0ykrvnf; twuf&yfNyD; acgif;ay:
yk0gav;jyefNcKHNyD; b,fvpfoGm;rSef;udk rodbl;/ ab;em;u vlBuD;wcsKdUu rSwfcsufay;½Smw,f .../
]]awmuf ... 'gaMumifY olUrdef;r aemufvifi,f,lwm ...}}
]]igqdkvnf; ESpfjyefawmif,lypfOD;r,f ...}} wJY .../
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
.
SK
RI
N
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
i al
erc
mm
Co

'D vdkeJY pwdwf½SKd; ratmifjrifawmY tm;vHk;u jyZmwfudk qufruawmYbl; vkyfaew,f/

tm;vHk;u b,folUudk b,fvdktjypfwif&rSef; rodayYr,fY ½SufNyD; Zmwfudk qufrucsifMuawmYbl;/
y&dowfu pdwfysufNyD; xjyefwJYol jyefukefNyD/ rjyefao;bJ ZJGaumif;aumif;eJY apmifYaeao;wJY
yJGiwfolwcsKdUawmY ½Sdao;aygY/ olwdkYuvnf; bmyJjzpfjzpf wpfESpfwpfcgrS jzpfwJYyJGrdkY rdk;tvif;
Munfhr,f qdkNyD; tm;cJxm;Muwm/ yJGuwJYolawGuom qufruawmYbl; vkyfaewm/
.
SK
aZmf0dwfBuD;uawmY pdwfemvGef;vdkY olYAvBuD;eJY pifudk wGef;NzKdzdkYawmif vkyfaeNyD/ 'DvdkeJY ½GmrSm
enf;enf;MoZm½SdwJY uRefawmfYtazuyJ ... RI
N
W
rO
]]rif;wdkYZmwfudk qufujzpfatmifuyg .../ yJGvkyfr,fqdkwkef;u rif;wdkYyJ ½Gydk;xdk;NyD; b,folrS

ou
rcdkif;bJ vkyfcJYw,f/ tckrS wpfa,mufeJY wpfa,muf tqifrajyvdkY ruawmYbl; qdkwmjzifY obm0

ty
ea
rusbl;/ 'gaMumifY yJGudkawmY NyD;atmif qufuMuyg ...}}

ll b
wi
olwdkYvnf; bmrSrwwfEdkifawmYbl;/ [kwfvnf;[kwfw,fav/ wpfESpfrS wpfcgjzpfwJYyJG/

ok
'DyJGudkrS NyD;atmifruEdkifMubl;qdk tpOftvmysufNyDaygY/ [kwfbl;vm; .../ 'gaMumifY yJGudk rNyD;

bo
his
NyD;atmifudk qufucdkif;wm .../

ft
eo
tazudk,fwdkif qif;ajymawmY [kdvlawGvnf; bmrSrwwfEdkifawmYbl;/ yJGudk rurjzpf qufu

us
al
&wmaygY/ o½kyfaqmifuvnf; av;ig;a,mufyJqdkawmY jyóemr½SdavmufawmYbl; xifwmaygY .../

i
erc
mm
____________________________________________
Co
____________________________________________

ol wdkYvkyfxm;wJY jyZmwfu 'Dvdkyg .../

OD;a&jym; (olaX;BuD; a'ge)eJY OD;q,fjym; (v,form; om*d)wdkYu wpf½GmxJom;awG .../
OD;a'geqDrSm OD;om*du tvkyfvkyfw,f/ tvkyfvkyfae&if;eJY ½GmuGrf;awmifudkif jrESpf (a':jrwif)wdkY
.
SK
NidpGef;NyD; udk,f0efaqmifxm;csdefusrS ½Gmudk "m;jywdkufNyD; om*du "m;jytzJGUeJYygoGm;w,f/ 'gudk
RI
OD;a'geu a':jrESpfudk odrf;ydkufNyD; 'l;remom;av; armifoDv (aZmf0dwf)udk arG;zGm;MuawmYwmaygY/
N
W
rO
armifoDvav; t½G,fa&mufvdkY wuúodkvfausmif;udk wufNyD; tdrfjyefcsdefrSm Zmwfudk

ou
pawmYwmyJ .../
ty
ea
ll b
]]bmvkdvkdeJY wkdYom;BuD; oDvvnf; wuúodkvfwufwm ESpfrenf;awmYyJ ½Sifr&,f ...}}

wi
ok
]][kwfygYawmf ... usKyfvnf; usKyfom;av;udk vGrf;ygY}}

bo
his
]]at;av ... om;av;vnf; ynmpHkvdkY tdrfjyefa&muf&r,fYtcsdefudk a&mufNyDyJ/ tif; ... uJ uJ

ft
eo
½Sifra& ... rif;yJ rif;om;udk apmifYESifY? ig txJ0ifNyD; cGufykef;upfvdkufOD;r,f ... tJav igawmY
us
arQmf&wm armvdkY tdrfxJuyJ apmifYawmYr,fuG,f ...}}

i al
erc
mm
]]tif;ygawmf ... oufawmifYoufom tdrfxJaeprf;yg? usKyfyJ qufapmifYvdkufygYr,f

Co
trsm;BuD;vnf; vkyfraeeJYaemf}}

olwdkYcsif;uvnf; txmeJY ajym&ao;w,f .../ [kwfw,fav ... trsm;BuD; oGm;vkyfxm;vdkY
ruEdkifawmYrS [kwfayYjzpfaeOD;r,f .../
OD;a'getjzpf o½kyfaqmifwJY OD;a&jym; vdkufumaemuf 0ifoGm;w,f/ a':jrESpftjzpf

o½kyfaqmifwJY a':jrwifBuD;u rdkufcGufem;uyfNyD; ta0;udkarQmfovdkeJY ...
]]om;uvJ ... Mumvdkufwm vrf;rSm bmawGrsm;jzpfaew,f rodygbl; ...}}qdkNyD;

wpfa,mufwnf; o½kyfaqmifaew,f/ olU o½kyfaqmifcsuf aumif;vGef;vdkY y&dowfyg a':jrwifBuD;
MunfhwJYbufudk arQmfMunhfrdMuw,f/ tJ'Dvdk .../ tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ ...
]]arara& ... arar ...? azaza& ... om;jyefvmNyDAs}}
vdkufumaemufu oDv (aZmf0dwf)&JU toH/ tJ'DtoHMum;w,fqdk&ifyJ a':jrwifvnf;

Zmwf½kyftwdkif; 0rf;omtm;&[efeJY ajymcsvdkufwmu ...
]][,f ... udka'gea&? uRefrwdkY [dkoif;vmaeNyD .../ uRefrwdkY [dkoif;vmaeNyD ... 'Dr,f
Munfhprf;ygOD;? xGm;vmvdkufwmawmf ... [,f ... nKdnKdxGm;xGm;BuD;awmfY ... tm;&p&mBuD;}}
tJ'DtoHvnf;Mum;a&m vdkufumMum;u ajy;xGufrvdkYvkyfaewJY aZmf0dwf olYacgif;udk

vufzaemifYeJY xkum ...
]]tif;[m ... tif;[m ... 'DwpfoufvHk; ruawmYbl;}}qdkNyD; taemufbuf jyef0ifoGm;w,f/

[kwfw,fav .../ a':jrwifajym&rSmu ...
.
]]awmYf om;uav xGm;vmvdkufwm ...}}
SK
RI
N
jzpf&rSm/ ]awmfYom;av;}ae&mrSm ]awmYf[dkoif;}qdkNyD; xnfhoHk;vdkufawmY Zmwfuysufua&mYyJ/
W
'gudk OD;a'getjzpf o½kyfaqmifwJY OD;a&jym;u ajy;xGufvmNyD; ...

rO
ou
ty
]][if ... b,frSmvJ jrESpf? b,frSmvJ ...}}

ea
ll b
]][,f ... cke tayguf0rSm awGUvdkufovdkyJ ...}}

wi
ok
bo
]][,f ... jrESpfES,f xifa,mifxifrSm;rsm; jzpfovm;}}

his
ft
]]rjzpfygbl;awmf ...}}
eo
us
udkaZmf0dwf xGufrvmawmY olwdkYvnf; Zmwfudk rysufatmif usbrf;awGajymNyD; xdef;ae

ial
erc
&wmaygY/
mm
Co

aZmf0dwfuvnf; [dkoif;toHMum;wmeJY tonf;emNyD;om;jzpfaeawmY rxGufawmYbl;/ 'gudk
aZmf0dwfem;½SdwJY tD;wDu ESpfodrfYovdkeJY zufNyD; wGef;vTwfvdkufrS pifa½SU qefYiifqefYiifeJY
a&mufvmw,f/
]][,f ... om;}}
]]azaz}}
aZmf0dwfu OD;a&jym;udkyJ ajy;zufvdkufw,f/ a':jrwifudkawmY pwdwf½SKd;xJu tonf;em

xm;wm qdkawmY bkMunfhMunfhvdkufw,f/
]][m;[m; ... igYom;uawmY olYtarajymwJYtwdkif;yJa[Y ... xGm;vmvdkufwm armifjrefrmBuD;

twdkif;yJ ...}}
Zmwfwdkufwkef;u rygayr,fY armifjrefrmBuD;usaewmyJ pum;wpfcGef;u aZmf0dwfudk oabm

acGUoGm;apw,f/ oludk,fwdkifu armifjrefrmjzpfcsifwJY 0dwfaygudk;/
]]'gaygY azaz& ... tazwlom;yJ? tazYvdkyJ xGm;&rSmaygY}}
]][,f ... om;tzawG tm;&vdkufwm}}
bkrodbrodeJY a':jrwifBuD; 0ifaxmufvdkufwmaMumifY aZmf0dwf rsufESmysufoGm;w,f/ 'gudk

a':jrwifuyJ qufNyD; ...
]]aMomf ... om;u ararudk owdr&awmYbl;aygY}}qdkawmY aZmf0dwfuvnf; ol a':jrwifudk
.
SK
wif;xm;wmawG jyZmwfeJY a&mcsygava&mYvm; .../
RI
N
W
]]odyfowd&wmaygY tar&,f arG;aray;aom tonf;udk,lum qdkuwnf;u ... tarYudk

rO
odyfowd&wmaygY .../ tar vkyfxnfhvdkufvdkY uRefawmfYt½Suf jzef;jzef;uJGcJYwm arYvdkY&ygYrvm; ...}}

ou
ty
ea
olYpum;aMumifY a':jrwif rsufESmysufoGm;NyD; ...

ll b
wi
]]tJ'g ... taru bmajym&rSef;rodvdkY a,mifNyD;xGufoGm;wmyg om;&,f ...? aemufudk rjzpf

ok
bo
ap&ygbl; .../ tckvnf; wpfcgwnf;yg}}

his
ft
]]wpfcgwnf;qdkayr,fY jyefjyifvdkYr&awmYbl; tar ... tar oifay;vdkufvdkY uRefawmfY&JU

eo
rsuf&nfawGvnf; cef;ajcmufwwfcJYygNyD .../ aemufNyD; cke uRefawmf wuúodkvfu jyefvmawmY

us
al
uRefawmfYrsufESmudk pdrf;pdrf;BuD; pdkufMunfhNyD; awmYf[kdoif;av;vmaeNyDqdkawmY uRefawmf bmaumif

i
erc
jzpfoGm;NyDvJ tar ...}}

mm
Co

]]tJ'gu ... tarYarwåmeJY [dkoif;qdkwmudk [kdoif;vdkY rac:&ufwmeJY [dkoif;vdkY ac:vdkuf
wmyguG,f ... wu,fYarwåmyg [dkoif;av;&,f ...}}
]]tarY&JU wu,fYarwåmudk uRefawmf ,HkMunfygw,f/ 'gayr,fY aemufwpfcgrSm;r,f

qdk&ifawmY uRefawmfYqDu acs;xm;wJY ta<u;awGudk yJGNyD;wmeJY jyefawmif;&rSmyJ ...}}
a':jrwif rsufESmysufoGmw,f/ ol yJGuzdkYtwGuf olYa,musfm; zdk;vHk;qDrSm ydkufqHawmif;wm

r&vdkY aZmf0dwfqDu cPqJGxm;rdwmudk; .../ 'gaMumifY rsufESmcsKdaoG;um ...
]]ig;&HUtl[if;av; csufauR;wJYrsufESm ½Sdao;w,fav/ ig;&mESpfq,fY½Spfu aiGESpf&mY

ig;q,fxuf ydkygw,f ...}}
]][dkacs;rpifwJY ig;&HUtl[if;udk ajymwmvm; ... oGm;prf;yg}}
olwdkYESpfa,muf ajym&if;ajym&if;eJY pum;awGu ab;a&mufvmw,f/ 'gudkodwJY OD;a&jym;uyJ

Mum;0ifNyD; ...
]]uJ ... uJ ... 'Dom;trdawG aemufrSyJ tvGrf;o,fMu .../ uJ ... om;vnf; ynmpHkNyDqdkawmY
a½SUqufNyD; bmqufvkyfr,fvdkY pdwful;xm;vJ ajymprf; ...}}
OD;a&jym;tar;udk udkaZmf0dwfu tm;eJYrmefeJY jyefajzw,f/
]]uRefawmfu jynfolMum;u &Jom;BuD;vkyfr,f/ &Jom;BuD;b0eJY EdkifiHYwm0ef xrf;aqmifr,f}}
]][m;[m; ... 'grS igYom;uG ... 'grS igYom;? igYom;qdkwm 'grsKd;yJjzpf&rSmaygY ... [m;[m; ...}}
.
SK
ab;em;½SdwJY a':jrwifu Zmwfvrf;awGxJu xHk;pHtwdkif; acgif;udkcg rsufESmudk wpfzuf RI
N
W
vSnfh&if; ...
rO
ou
]]tdk ... usKyf [kdoif;udkawmY &Jpcef;xJ rxnfh&Jaygif .../ awmfMum usKd;yJYvmrSjzifY ...}}
ty
ea
ll b
olYpum;aMumifY OD;a&jym;a&m? udkaZmf0dwfyg rsufESmysufukefMuw,f/ aemufrS enf;enf;eyfwJY

wi
OD;a&jym;uyJ ...
ok
bo
his
]][,f ... usKd;yJYvm&ifvnf; aemufrS usKd;? aemufrS yJY ... uJ ... tckawmY igYom;vnf;
ft
c&D;a0;u vm&awmY qmvSaygY.../ [JY ... jrESpf ... igYom; pm;zdkY bm½SdwHk; ...}}
eo
us
olUtar;udk a':jrwifu tvdkrus[ef cspfcif[efjzifY ... o½kyfaqmif&if; ...

i al
erc
mm
]]½SdygYawmf ... usKyfom;av;vm&if qmvmr,f odvdkY [dkoif;awG tyHkvdkuf ...}}

Co

oluawmY xrif;? [if;udk qdkvdkyHk&w,f/ 'gayr,fY oHk;wJYpum;u raumif;awmY
b,fvdkBuD;rSef;udk rodjzpfoGm;w,f/ 'gudk pum;awGrSm;wm vGefvGef;vdkY wif;vmwJY OD;a&jym;u ...
]]uJ ... om;a&? rif;tarajymwJY [dkoif;tyHkvdkufudkyJ wdkYom;tzESpfa,muf oGm;[yfMu

&atmif .../ oleJY awGUrS wdkYawGvnf; acG;vHk;vHk;udk jzpf&awmYwmyJ ...}}qdkNyD; pifaemufudk a'gBuD;
armBuD;eJY 0ifoGm;w,f .../
'DvdkeJY rjzpfjzpfatmifawmY Zmwfudk qufuaeMuwmaygY .../ Zmwfuvnf; b,folrS

pdwfrygawmY b,fuae b,fvdkjzpfrSef; b,fudka&mufaerSef;udk rodawmYbl;/ aoewfawG
ypfwmvnf; w'dkif;'dkif;yJ .../ pdwfemvdkY ydkypfaeovm;awmif atmufarY&w,f/ aZmf0dwfBuD;qdk
bmrqdkif nmrqdkif OD;a'geeJY a':jrESpf (olYrdbESpfyg;) pum;ajymaewkef; ajy;xGufvmNyD; ...
]]arG;aray;aom tonf;twGufuG ... a&mY ...}}
]]'dkif;}}
]]a&mY}}
]]'dkif;}}
]][dkoif;yHk [yf&wJYtwGuf ... a&mY}}
]]'dkif;}}qdkNyD; rdk;ay: oHk;csuf axmifazmufoGm;ao;w,f/ ,rf;azmufae&wJY tD;wDcrsmvnf;

,rf;wpfvHk; t&ufwpfcGufeJY n§dNyD; a&mif;aewm zifygaxmifaeNyD/ 'gayr,fY yg;pyfxJ t&ufwpfcGuf
.
pGyfueJ xnfhay;vdkuf? ,rf;oHu 'dkif;ueJxGufNyD;om; .../
SK
RI
N
tm;vHk;uvnf; pdwfememeJY aomufaeMuvdkY xifw,f/ pum;ajymwmawmif avvHk; ruJGMu
W
awmYbl;/
rO
ou
ty
wu,f]u}aewmrS ajcmufa,mufavmuf½Sdwm/ ig;a,mufu rl;aewmqdkawmY pOf;pm;om

ea
Munfh/ (wpfa,mufu rdef;r ... a':jrwifav)

ll b
wi
'DvdkeJY aemufqHk; Zmwf&JU Zmwf½SdeftjrifYqHk; Zmwfodrf;ydkif;udk a&mufvmw,fqdkygawmY/

ok
bo
his
____________________________________________
ft
____________________________________________
eo
us
ial
erc
mm
Co

Zmwf odrf;cef;u odyfaumif;w,f/ vlqdk;acgif;aqmif OD;om*du olUudk ESdrfeif;zdkYvmwJY

&Jom;BuD; oDvudk wpfzufvSnfheJY zrf;xm;csdef/ oDv&JUzcif OD;a'geu vdkufvmNyD; om*dudk jyefvnf
wdkufcdkufNyD; om*d ½SKH;edrfYNyD; vufajr§mufxm;csdef/ tJ'DtcsdefusrS OD;a'getjzpf o½kyfaqmifwJY
OD;a&jym; a&csefvGefNyD; ajym&r,fYpum;awG arYaew,f/
.
SK
RI
]][m;[m; ... om*d ... om*d ...? rif; tckawmY bmwwfEdkifao;vJuG ...? oDv[m igYom;/
N
W
igYom;[m oDv .../ oD*dudk omvd zrf;xm;awmY tJ ... oD*du oDv ... oDvd[m igYom; ...
rO
tJ'DawmYum ... igYom;[m om*d ... om*d[m igYom; ... tJav [kwfaygif ... [m;[m; ... igu
ou
[moajymwmyguG .../ igu i,fi,fxJu umwGef;zwfwwfw,fav .../ tJ'g [mo ajymwwfwm

ty
ea
aygYuG .../ tJ b,fa&mufoGm;ygvdrfY ... om*d[m vlqdk; ... vlqdk;[m om*d? oDv[m igYom;?
ll b
igYom;[m oDv/ 'DawmYum om*dudk oDvu zrf;zdkYtvmrSm oD*du om*dudk jyefzrf;xm;NyD;

wi
igYomvdumudk jyefvdkcsif&if omvdeJY jyefvJygqdkawmY awGUMuNyDaygY omvdum&,f .../ trSefawmY

ok
bo
om*d[m igYom; ... igYom;[m om*d ... [if [kwfao;ygbl; ... om*du vlqdk;? oDvdu igYom; ...
his
'gqdk igYom;u om*d ... tdk ...}}

ft
eo
us
olY[mol emrnfESpfvHk;eJY vnfxGufaew,f/ 'gudk &dyfrdwJY OD;q,fjym;uyJ Mum;jzwfvdkY ...

ial
erc
]]a[Yaumif ... a'ge? rif; bmpum;rS qufr½SnfeJY ... om*dwJYuGaemf ... om&ifom rom&if
mm
*dypfr,fqdkwJY &nf½G,fcsufeJY emrnfudkawmif om*dvdkY ay;ypfwmuG .../ rif;owfcsif owfvdkuf

Co

igvnf; tdyfidkufaeNyD ... aorSm raMumufvdkY aiGESpf&mavmuftwGufeJY aywpf&mavQmufaewmuG ...
[m;[m;[m; ...}}
olYpum;Mum;awmY OD;a'ge vufxJu aoewfudk [efygygvSnfh&if; ...
]][m;[m; ... omvdum ... omvdum ... tJav ... om*d&m ... usm;owå0g tPÖ0gork'frSm
[efvkyful;wmudk twk,lNyD; ig;icl ukef;ay:wufusufpm;&if aooGm;rSmaygYuG ... om*d& .../
rif;aorS ZmwfqHk;? ZmwfqHk;rS tdyf&rSmrdkY tcsdefrqdkif;awmYbl; ... udkif; ... aoaya&mY ...}}qdkNyD;
aoewfudk csdefNyD; ypfxnfhvdkufw,f/ om*dtjzpf o½kyfaqmif&wJY OD;q,fjym;uvnf; tm;ueJ
aoewfrSef[efeJY &ifbwfzdNyD; vJuszdkYjyifw,f/ 'gayr,fY ,rf;oHu xGufrvmbl;/ MunfhvdkufawmY
,rf;azmufwJY tD;wD rl;NyD;arSmufaeNyD/ OD;a&jym;u [efrysufapbJ ...
]][m;[m; ... rypf&ao;ygbl;uG/ rif; vefYatmif igajcmufvdkufwmyguG ... [m;[m;[m; ...

igYvufn§Kd; rauG;bJ ... [movkyfvdkufwmyguGm ... odw,fr[kwfvm; ... igu i,fi,fxJu
umwGef;zwfw,fav ... 'DrSm om*d&? ukd,fhtvSnfhusawmY ao&rSm odyfaMumufaeNyD r[kwfvm; ...}}
qdkNyD; rodrom aemufqkwfvdkufum aemufrS yg;pyf[NyD; NidrfaewJY tD;wDyg;pyfxJ t&ufwpfcGuf
yufxnfhvdkufw,f/ tJ'DawmYrS tD;wD a,mifawmifaygifawmifeJY xvmum azmufzdkY ,rf;pyfw,f/
]][m; ... [m; ... [m; ... rif;tckawmY wu,fudk ao&awmYrSmyguG/ wu,fudk ao&
awmYr,f/ 'DawmY bk&m;w&m;udk tm½kHjyK udkif; ... vmNyD ... [dwf}}qdkNyD; aoewfeJY qJGcsdefvdkufw,f/
tD;wDu ,rf;udkazmufw,f/ wu,fYta&;usrS ,rf;u raygufbl;jzpfaew,f/ aowJYvluvnf;
&ifbwfav;zdumzdumeJY aocsifvSNyD/ 'gayr,fY ,rf;u raygufawmY aovdkYr&ao;bl;/
]][m;[m;[m; ... rypf&ao;ygbl;uG ... udk,faor,fYtvSnfha&mufrS aoG;ysufaeNyDvm;uG ...
.
SK
om*d& ... igu [movkyfaewmyg qdkaerS [m;[m;[m; ...}}
RI
N
]]rif; [mou aemufrSvkyfyguGm/ igvdk ao&rSm raMumufwJYaumifu [movnf;rzwfbl;?
W
rO
&,fvnf;r&,fwwfbl;uG ... ao&ifNyD;NyDuG ... ao&ifNyD;NyD}}

ou
ty
]]aMomf ... rif;u 'Dvdkvm; ... 'DavmufaocsifwJYaumif ... [dwf}}qdkNyD; aoewfeJY csdefw,f/
ea
ll b
tD;wDuvnf; ,rf;udk BuKd;pm;xk½Smygw,f/ t&ufykvif;arSmufNyD; a&pdkaeawmY ,rf;u raygufbl;

wi
jzpfaew,f/ tJ'DawmYrS OD;a&jym;vnf; wif;NyD; cg;Mum;u opfom;"m;ajr§mifudk xkwfNyD; ...

ok
bo
]]tm ... rif;vdk vl,kwfrmrsKd; aoewfeJY rwefbl; ... usnfqHukefw,f/ 'DawmY "m;eJYyJ
his
ft
pD&ifawmYr,f ... [dwf ...}}qdkNyD; "m;eJYajy;xdk;rS tD;wDxkaewJY ,rf;u 'dkif;ueJ toHjrnfoGm;w,f/

eo
aoewfeJYypfwkef;u usnfqHrxGufbJ "m;eJYxdk;rS usnfqefxGufoGm;awmY uolawGa&m MunhfolawGyg

us
aMumifukefw,f/ bmqufvkyfvdkY vkyf&rSef;rod jzpfaew,f/ tawmfMumrS tawGUtBuKH½SdwJY

ial
erc
OD;a&jym;u qwfueJ "m;udk jyef½kyfvdkufNyD; ...

mm
Co

]][m; ... [m; ... [m; ... tJ'g rif;wdkYvdk vl,kwfrmawGudk okwfoifzdkY igudk,fwdkif wDxGif
xm;wJY "m;aoewfuG ... "m;aoewf ... [m; [m; [m; ... "m;aoewftpGrf;eJY wpfcgxdk; ESpfrsKd;emwJY
t&omudk tckawmY rif;odoGm;NyD r[kwfvm; om*d& ... [m; ... [m; ... [m; ...}}qdkvdkufrS
y&dowfvnf; OD;a&jym;&JU "m;aoewfudk auseyfoGm;Muw,f/ "m;aoewfrSefwJY OD;q,fjym;vnf;
tckrS xdk;oGif;'Pf&m AvyGeJY NyKH;NyKH;BuD;vJusEdkifawmYw,f/ awmfao;wmaygY "m;aoewf u,fayvdkY/
tJ'DtcsdefusrS Zmwfwdkufxm;wJYtwdkif; a':jrwifBuD; ajy;xGufvmNyD; ...
]][if ... rDrvm;qdkNyD; vdkufvmwm ... bk&m; ... bk&m; ... rSm;ukefMuNyD ... rSm;ukefMuNyD .../
udkom*d ...}}
]][if ... jr ... jrESpf ...}}
]][kwfygw,f ... [kwfygw,f ... ½Sif t&ifu BuKdufvSygcsnf jrwfEdk;vSygcsnf cspfvSyg

csnf&JuqdkwJY jrESpfyg ...}}
]]jr ... jrESpf ... udkom*dqD vdkufvmw,faemf ...}}
]]vdkufvm&wmaygY½Sif vdkufvm&wmaygY .../ t[ifY t[ifY rjzpfoifYwmawG rjzpf&atmif

qdkNyD; a[m'D jrESpf vdkufvm&wmaygY ... tckawmY tckawmY ...}}
]]bmrsm;jzpfvdkYvJ jrESpf&m ... jrefjrefajymprf;yg ... igYrSm tdyfcsifvSygNyD ... 0g; ...}}
OD;q,fjym;u [efraqmifEdkifawmYbJ yg;pyfxJ avtjynfhiHkxm;wJY toHrsKd;BuD;eJYajymw,f/
.
'gudk a':jrwifuvnf; ravQmYbJ ...
SK
RI
N
]]½Sifodcsif&if ajym&wmaygY ../. ½Sif tckvdk zrf;csKyfNyD; ESdyfpufaewJY &Jom;BuD; oDv[m
W
½SifY&JUom; ... ½SifeJY uRefreJY om;½SifY ...}}

rO
ou
ty
]]bm}}
ea
ll b
'Dae&mrSmawmY y&dowf&ifxJyg qdkYepfoGm;w,f/ [kwfw,fav ... tazrSef;om;rSef; rodbJ

wi
&efolozG,f qufqHcJYolawG[m om;tzt&if;BuD;awGqdkwm rxifrSwfbJ odvdkuf&awmY y&dowf

ok
bo
&ifxJ wpfcgwnf; qdkYeifYoGm;awmYwmaygY .../

his
ft
]][kwf&JUvm; ... tar&m ... 'Dvlqdk;vlrdkufvl,kwfrm rk'def;aumifBuD; OD;om*d[m uRefawmfY

eo
us
tazt&if; [kwf&JUvm; .../ ajymprf;ygOD; arar& ...}}

ial
erc
udkaZmf0dwfuvnf; 'Dae&mrSm twdtus0ifvmw,f/ 'gudk a':jrwifuvnf; rsuf&nf

mm
Mum;u rsufESmudkcsDNyD; ...

Co

]]odyf[kwfwmaygY om;&,f ... tarYrSm oleJYywfoufNyD; &cJYwJY 'Pf&mawG[m AvyG½SdcJYw,f
om; ...}}
]]b,frSmvJ arar}}
]][dkoif;rSmyg ... tJav ... tonf;ESvHk;rSmyg [dkoif;av;&,f ...}}
[dkoif;toHMum;awmY aZmf0dwf rsufESmysufoGm;ao;w,f/ 'gudk vJaewJY OD;q,fjym;

uvnf; ...
]]jr ... jrESpf ... &Jom;BuD; oDv[m igYom;qdkwm aocsmw,faemf ...}}
]]odyfaocsmwmaygY udkom*d&,f ...}}
]]om; ... om; ... tazYudk Munfhprf;ygOD; om;&,f}}
OD;q,fjym;u 'Dae&mrSm tydkifidkoHBuD;eJYajymw,f/ aZmf0dwfu rMunhfcsifMunfhcsif yHkpHrsKd;eJY

Munfhw,f/
]]om;&,f ... tazwdkYtjzpfu tazudk tazrSef;rod? om;udk om;rSef;rodwJY t*Fkvdrmvvdk

tjzpfrsKd;ygvm; ...}}
]]bmrSvnf;rqdkifygvm; ... udkom*d&,f}}
]]om;tzcsif; &efolozG,f &efpG,faigaigeJY t0dZÆmarm[awmrSm aysmfydkufNyD; wdkufcdkufae&wJY
.
SK
tjzpfu wlaew,f .../ tm; ... uRwf ... uRwf ... armaew,f u@aumprwdkufygeJY}}
RI
N
W
OD;q,fjym; rsufpdjyefus,foGm;vdkYjzpfr,f/ tyDtjyif o½kyfaqmifaew,f/ y&dowfuvnf;

rO
OD;q,fjym;&JU tEkynmpD;arsmrSKrSm vdkufyg&if; rsuf&nf0dkif;vmw,f/

ou
ty
ea
]]tm; ... uRwf ... uRwf? tckawmY taz[m tazY&JU rdkufa<u;rdkufjypfawG&JU 'Pfudk
ll b
cH&awmYr,f .../ taz auseyfygw,f om; .../ 'gayr,fY tazY aemufqHk; toufrxGufcif tazY&JU
wi
tvdkcsifqHk;qEáv;wpfckudk vdkufavsmay;yg ... vm;uG,f}}

ok
bo
his
aZmf0dwfu Zmwfvrf;xJutwdkif; rsufESmudk wpfzufvSnfh&if; wif;cHaew,f/ 'gudk

ft
a':jrwifu aZmf0dwf&JUvufudk qJGNyD; ...

eo
us
]]aemufqHk;taeeJY rif;taz&JUqEúdk vdkufavsmvdkufzdkY ararawmif;yefygw,f om;&,f ...

i al
erc
vdkufavsmvdkufyguG,f ... t[ifY ... t[ifY ...}}

mm
Co

rdcifjzpfoluyg rsuf&nfw0dkif;0dkif;eJY yg0ifawmif;yefaeawmY om;uvnf; b,faeEdkifawmY
rSmvJ .../ Zmwft& taz&if;[mudk;/
]]uRefawmf ... uRefawmf bmvdkufavsm&rSmvJ[if ...}}qdkawmY OD;q,fjym;u &ifbwfu

wpfcsufxdk; ESpfrsKd;emwJY "m;aoewf 'Pf&mudk tkyfNyD; idkoHBuD;eJY qufajymw,f/
]]wjcm;awmY r[kwfygbl;om;&,f ... taz aemufqHk;tBudrf toufrxGufcif ...}}
t&ifuvnf; toufxGufzl;wmusaewmyJ/ aemufqHk;tBudrf toufxGufrSmwJY/
y&dowfuawmY tajzudk &dyfrdNyD; rsuf&nfawG NzKdifaeNyD/ OD;q,fjym;ukd,fwdkifuvnf; NyKdrvdk

rsufESmBuD;eJYudk; .../
]]taz aemufqHk;tBudrf toufrxGufcif? tazYudk ... tazYudk om;vdkY wpfcGef;ac:vdkuf

ygvm;uG,f ...}}
trSefawmY tazvdkY ac:cdkif;&rSm/ 'gudk aZmf0dwfuvnf; psmef0ifNyD; OD;q,fjym; ajymcdkif;wJY

twdkif; &ifacgif;oHBuD;eJY atmfvdkufw,f/
]]om; ...}}
]]taz ...}}
OD;q,fjym;u jyefxl;w,f/ trSefu aZmf0dwfu om;/ OD;q,fjym;u taz/ 'gudk olwdkYzmom

olwdkY zD;(vf)awGwufNyD; rSm;aewm/
.
SK
]]om;}} RI
N
W
rO
]]t ... az}}

ou
ty
ea
]]om;}}
ll b
wi
aZmf0dwfu OD;q,fjym;udk ajy;zufvdkufw,f/ OD;q,fjym;toHu wdk;wdk;,JY,JYav;

ok
xGufvmw,f/
bo
his
ft
]]0rf; om vdkuf wm t ... az &,f ...}}qdkNyD; ]*d}qdk NidrfusoGm;w,f .../

eo
us
____________________________________________
ial
erc
____________________________________________
mm
Co

½Gm yJGum; ... ratmifrjrifESifYyif ed|dwHavNyD .../ t"du Zmwfudk ucJYMuaom OD;q,fjym;?
OD;a&jym;? aZmf0dwfBuD;ESifY a':jrESpfwdkYtzJGUvnf; yJGNyD;uwnf;u t½Sufonf;NyD; ... aEGacgifacgifBuD;
v,fxJqif;oGm;Muonf/ aEGtxGufwdk;pyg;pdkufzdkYawmY r[kwfwef&m ... ½Gmu vlawGuawmY tJ'DyJG
taMumif;udk ajymajymNyD; &,fvdkufMu&wm zwfzwfudk arma&myJ .../ tavSmiftajymifqHk;vluawmY
.
SK
vli,f'g½kdufwm "mwfyHk tD;wD (wHcGefwdkif)yJ/ vlav;rsm; pkpkpkpk½Sd&if ajymajymNyD;awmY zifuJGrwwfudk
aqmifYaqmifYNyD; &,fwm/ rod&if olrygwJYtwdkif;yJ .../ RI
N
W
rO
'gayr,fYvnf; odyfMumMumawmY a&yef;rpm;aeEdkifygbl; .../ awmolawmifom;awGqdkawmY

ou
MumMumvnf; ykef;atmif;raeEdkifMuygbl; .../ wjznf;jznf;eJY ½Sufpdwfav;awGaysmufNyD; ½GmxJ

ty
ea
jyefa&mufvmMuwmygyJ/
ll b
wi
½Gmu vlawGuvnf; yxrawmY rsufESmcsif;qdkif&ifyJ NyKH;csifovdkvdk ... &,fcsifovdkvdk .../

ok
'gayr,fY ½Gmom;tcsif;csif;awGqdkawmY xdef;Muygw,f/ [kwfw,fav ... trsm;pku rvkyf&JvdkY

bo
his
acgif;a½Smifxm;Muwmudk;/
ft
eo
olwdkYu OD;aqmifNyD;vkyfay;cJYwmyJ ½GmtwGuf aus;Zl;BuD;vSNyD/ NyD;awmY 0g&ifYobm&ifY

us
al
ynm½SifBuD;awGvnf; wpfa,mufrS rygbl;av/ yg0ifujywJYvltm;vkH;u 0goemav;enf;enf;eJY

i
erc
rjzpfvdkYom 0ifuay;Muwmr[kwfvm;/ wu,f0goemBuD;&ifawmY NrKdUwufNyD; rif;om;a[Y

mm
rif;orD;a[Y qdkwmBuD;awG vkyfpm;aewm Mum ... MumvSaygY ... [kwfbl;vm; .../

Co

'gayr,fY pum;av;rsm; pyfrdvdkYuawmY ajymrdMuwkef; ... NyKH;rdMuwkef;ygyJ/ uRefawmfwdkY
uav;avmurSmvnf; OD;a&jym;&JU wpfcgxdk;½kHeJY ESpfrsKd;emwwfwJY "m;aoewfBuD;u tvkyf
jzpfaeqJyg/
aysmfyJG½TifyJG½Sm;wJY ½Gmuav;twGufuawmY vomwJYnawGrSm tJ'DESpf t&yfZmwfyJGav;u

vlBuD;olrawG&JU yg;pyfzsm;ZmwfcHkrSm ]u}aeMuwkef;ygyJ .../ ajymaeMuwkef;aygY .../
wpfcgwpf&HrS ½Gmuav;udk owd&wwfwJY ... uRefawmfawmif owdw&eJY a&;aerdNyDyJav .../
av; pm; pGm BuKd; pm; vsuf ...
tMunfawmf
.
SK
RI
N
W
rO
ou
ty
ea
ll b
wi
ok
bo
his
ft
eo
us
ial
erc
mm
Co

Co
mm
erc
ial
us
eo
ft
his
bo
ok
wi
ll b
ea
ty
ou
rO
W
N
RI
SK
.

AKyiTaw Tawthargyi

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AKyiTaw Tawthargyi

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Academy Myanmarcupid Community -1-

t rSefawmY uRefawmfu awmom;vnf; r[kwf&aygifAsm .../

tazu armfvNrKdifuae a&vrf;c&D;eJY wpfntdyfoGm;rS a&mufwJY u&if'dkuf½Gmom; .../

olUtouf ½SpfESpfavmufrSm ppfBuD;jzpfvdkY armfvNrKdifNrKdUudk xGufajy;vm&muae olYvdkyJ

ppfa½Smif&if; uwdk;aumYESyfu ajymif;ajy;vmwJY uRefawmfwdkY ]rmwmarmf',f a':nGefYEG,f}eJY taMumif;

tJ'Dwkef;u uRefawmfwdkY rarG;ao;bl;aygY/ ([,f ... tckrS taztar nm;wkef; ½Sdao;/

]yEéuf}uav;awmif r½kduf&ao;bJ uav;u b,fYES,farG;rSmwHk; .../)

ESpfa,mufvHk;uawmY awmolawmifom;rsm;yDyD awmrSm ae&wmudkyJ ESpfoufMuygw,f/

tazu 0efxrf;jzpfawmY 0efxrf;wdkY bmombm0 ajymif;a½TU&wmaygYAsm ... 'gayr,fY

awmobm0udk BuKdufwJY uRefawmfYtazu olYADZtwdkif; awm½GmawGrSmyJ vSnfhywfwm0ef xrf;aqmif

Academy Myanmarcupid Community -2-

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Academy Myanmarcupid Community -3-

ajym &OD;r,f .../

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Academy Myanmarcupid Community -4-

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Academy Myanmarcupid Community -5-

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Academy Myanmarcupid Community -6-

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Academy Myanmarcupid Community -7-

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Academy Myanmarcupid Community -8-