NGUYN HM

V du 1 : Tm nguyen ham cac ham so sau:

a) f(x) = x
3
3x +
x
1
b) f(x) =
x
2
+
x
3
c) f(x) = (5x + 3)
5
d) f(x) = sin

x cosx
Giai
a) + + +

3 3 !
" " x 3
( ) (x # 3x + ) x 3 $n
x x !
f x dx dx dx xdx dx x x C
b) + + +

x x
! 3
( ) (! +3 ) ! 3
$n! $n3
x x
x x
f x dx dx dx dx C
c)
+ +
+

%
5 5
(5 3) (5 3)
( ) (5x+3) (5x+3)
5 3&
d x x
f x dx dx C
d) +

5

sin
( ) sin x cosx sin x (sin )
5
x
f x dx dx d x C
V du 2 : Tm mo'( nguyen ham )(x) cu*a ham so f(x)="+ sin3x bie( )(
%

)=
&+
Giai
Ta co )(x)= x
"
3
cos3x + ,+ -o )(
%

) = &

#
"
3
cos
!

+ , = &

, = #
%

+
.a'y nguyen ham ca/n (m $a: )(x)= x
"
3
cos3x #
%

+
Bai tap e ngh :
1. Tm nguyn hm cc hm s sau y.

3
2
2 2 2
. (2 3 5) . . .
2
3
. sin . . ( 5) . .
2 2 1
x x
x
a x x dx b dx
x
x
c dx d e e dx e dx
x
+
+
+

!+Tm mo'( nguyen ham )(x) cu*a ham so f(x)=sin
!
x+cosx0 bie( gia (12 cu*a
nguyen ham ba3ng
3
4
5hi x=

3

3+ Tm mo'( nguyen ham )(x) cu*a ham so f(x) = e
"#!x
0 bie( )(
"
) &
!

+ Tm mo'( nguyen ham )(x) cu*a ham so f(x) =
3 !
!
! 3 3 "
! "
x x x
x x
+ +
+ +
0 bie( )(
"
")
3

TCH PHN
V du1 : Tm (6ch 7han cac ham so sau:
a8
3
3
"
( ") x dx

b8

( 3sin )
cos
x dx
x

c8
!
!
" x dx

Giai
a8
3
3
"
( ") x dx

=
3
3 3
3
" " "
4" "
" ( ) ( 3) ( ") !

x
x dx dx x

+ + +

b8

+



! !

"
( 3sin ) 3 sin ((an 3cos )
cos cos
x dx dx xdx x x
x x
=

+ + ((an 3cos ) 9(an( ) 3cos( ):

= 4
c8
!
!
" x dx

=
"
!
" x dx

+
!
"
" x dx

=
"
!
(" ) x dx

+
!
"
( ") x dx

=(x#
! !
" !
! "
) ( )
! !
x x
x

+ =5
Dang 1: Tnh tch phan bang phng phap oi bien dang 1:
Phng phap giai:
b1: ;a<( x = u(() (=ie/u 5ie'n cho ( =e> x cha?y (@ a =en b) dx = u(()+ d(
b2: ;o>i ca'n:
x = a u(() = a ( =

x = b u(() = b ( =

( cho?n

(hoa* =5 =a<( A* (1en)

b3: .ie(
b
a
f(x)dx

Be/ (6ch 7han mAi (heo bien mAi0 ca'n mAi 1o/i (6nh (6ch
7han +
V du: T6nh :
"
!
&
" x dx

t x = sint dx = cost.dt. Vi x

[!1" ta c# t
9&C :
!

$i c%n& V%y
"
!
&
" x dx

=
! !
!
!
&
& &
" " s !
cos (+d( (" cos!()+d(= ( )
! ! !
in t
t

+ +

=

Chu y: Dhi ga<7 (6ch 7han ma bie>u (h@c d@Ai dau (6ch 7han co da?ng :

! !
a x
(h =a<( x=
a
sin( (

9 C :
! !

! !
a x +
(h =a<( x=
a
(g( (

( C )
! !

! !
x a
(h =a<( x=
sin
a
t
(

9 C :
! !

E { } &
Dang 2: Tnh tch phan
f9 (x): F(x)dx
b
a

bang phng phap oi bien

Phng phap giai:
b1: ;a<( ( =

(x) d( = F( )+ dx x
b2: ;o>i ca'n:
x = a ( =

(a) C x = b ( =

(b)
b3: .ie( (6ch 7han =aG cho (heo bien mAi0 ca'n mAi 1o/i (6nh (6ch 7han (m =@A?c
+
V du? : T6nh (6ch 7han sau : a/
"
!
&
! "
"
x
I dx
x x
+

+ +

b/
"
!
&
3+ + J x x dx +

Giai:
a8 ;a<( ( = x
!
+ x +"

d( = (!x+") dx
;o>i ca'n: .a'y H=
3
3
"
"
$n $n3
dt
t
t

b8 ;a<( (=
!
3 x +

(
!
= x
!
+ 3

(d( = x dx
x 1
t 1 '
x 1
t

!

;o>i ca'n: .a'y I =

!
! 3
!
3
3
"
(4 3 3)
3 3
t
t dt

Bai tap e ngh:
(i 1. T)nh cac (6ch 7han sau: "8H=

!
&
(3 cos! )+ x dx

!8I=
+

"
&
( !)
x
e dx
38D=
+

"
!
&
(% ) x x dx

(i *+ T6nh cac (6ch 7han sau: "8

!
sin
&
+cos +
x
e x dx

!8
+

"
&
"
x
x
e
dx
e
38
+

"
" $n
e
x
dx
x
8
+

"
! 5
&
( 3) x x dx

Ch : i bin th phi i cn
Du hiu :
Cha (biu thc)
n
t u = biu thc
Cha t u =
Cha mu t u = mu
Cha sinx.dx t u = cosx
Cha cosx.dx t u = sinx
Cha
x
dx
t u = lnx
Du hiu:

2
1 x
dx
t x = sint , t
1
]
1

2
;
2

2 2
x a
dx
t x = a.sint , t
1
]
1

2
;
2

+
2
1 x
dx
t x = tant , t
,
_

2
;
2

+
2 2
x a
dx
t x = a.tant , t
,
_

2
;
2

Tnh tch phan bang phng phap tu!ng pha"n:
#ong thc t!ng pha"n : + + +
b b
b
a
a a
udv uv v du

hoc

+ F+ + + F
b b
b
a
a a
uv dx uv v u dx
V du 1: T6nh cac (6ch 7han sau: a8 H=
!
&
+cos + x x dx

b8I=
"
+$n +
e
x x dx

Giai
a/ ;a<( :

' '


F "
F cos sin
u x u
v x v x
(chu y: B $a mo'( nguyen ham cu*a cosx )
.a'y H = x cosx !
&

#
!
&
sin + x dx

= cosx !
&

= #"
x 1
t
3 *
b8 ;a<( :

' '

!
"
F
$n
F
!
u
u x
x
v x x
v

.a'y I= $nx+
!
!
x
"
e
#
! ! ! !
!
"
" "
" " " "
+
! ! ! !
e e
e
x e e e
dx xdx x
x
+


Tnh tch phan cua $o%t &o ha!$ h'u t( th!ng ga)p:
a* +ang ba%c cua t ,n hn ha- bang ba%c cua $a.u:
Phng phap giai:Ta chia (@* cho maJu (ach (hanh (o>ng cu*a mo'( 7ha/n nguyen
Ba mo'( 7ha/n 7han so 1o/i (6nh+
V du: T6nh cac (6ch 7han sau:
a/
! !
!
"
" "
! " " "
(" ) 9 $n! ": " $n3
! " ! " ! !
x
dx dx x x
x x
= + = + - = +
- -

=
"
$n3
!
.
b/
& &
3 3 !
! &
"
" "
3 " 5 !3
( ) 9 $n ": $n!
" " 3 ! %
x x x x
dx x x dx x x
x x
-
- -
+ +
= + + + = + + + - = -
- -

b* +ang ba%c1 t/en ba%c 0:
Phng phap giai: Tach (hanh (o>ng cac (6ch 7han 1o/i (6nh+
1T/!ng hp $a.u &o co 0 nghie%$ phan bie%t:
V du: T6nh cac (6ch 7han :
( )
!
!
"
5 "
%
x dx
x x
-
- -

Giai
;a<(
( )
!
5 "
%
x
x x
-
- -
=
5 5 ( 3) ( !)
( !)( 3) ! 3 ( !)( 3)
x A B Ax B x
x x x x x x
- - + +
= + =
+ - + - + -

K(x#3)+L(x+!)=5x#5 cho x=#!

K=3+ cho x=3

L=!+
.a'y (a co:
( )
!
!
"
5 "
%
x dx
x x
-
- -

=
!
!
"
"
3 ! "%
( ) (3$n ! !$n 3) $n
! 3 !M
dx x x
x x
+ = + + - =
+ -

1 T/!ng hp $a.u &o co nghie%$ 2ep:

V du: T6nh cac (6ch 7han :
"
!
&
(! ")

x dx
x x
+
- +

Giai
CI:
" " " "
!
! ! ! ! !
& & & &
(! ") ! 5 ( ) "
( ) 5
( !)
x dx x d x x
dx dx
x x x x x x x x x
+ - - +
= + = +
- + - + - + - + -

=(ln
!
5
)
!
x x
x
+

"
&
5
$n
!

CII: ;a<(
! ! ! !
! " ! " ( !)
( !) ! "
( !) ! ( !) ( !)
x x A B Ax B
Ax B x
x x x x x x
+ + - +
= = + = - + = +
- + - - - -

x !2"#= $

! !
! " 5
A A
A B B

' '
+

.a'y
" "
! !
& &
! " ! 5
9 :
! ( !)
x dx
dx
x x x x
+
= +
- + - -

=
"
&
5
(!$nx#!# )
x#!

5
$n
!

1T/!ng hp $a.u &o 3o nghie%$:

V du: T6nh cac (6ch 7han :H=
&
!
"
(! 3)
!
x dx
x x
-
-
+ +

Gia i:
& & "
!
! ! !
" " &
! ! 5 ( ! )
H 5I
! ( ") 3 !
x d x x
dx dx
x x x x x
- -
+ + +
= - = -
+ + + + + +

%a c&'
"
!
!
&
( ! )
!
d x x
x x
+ +
+ +

=
&
!
"

$n8x +!x+8 $n $n3 $n

3

%(nh )=
&
!
"
5
( ") 3
dx
x
-
+ +

*a+t x"1= 3tgt (t

C
! !
1
1
]
)

,x=
!
3(" ) tg t dt + . -hi x= !1 th. t = $ ; /hi x=$ th. t=
%

)=
! % %
!
& &
3(" ) 3 3
"
(3 3 ) 3 3 %
tg t
dt dt
tg t

+

+

. 0a12 3= ln

5(
3

3
3 %

)
3/ Tnh tch phan ha!$ 3o t(:
+a?ng":
+

( 0 )
b
n
a
R x ax b dx
;a<( (=
n
ax b +
+a?ng !:
+
+

( 0 )
b
n
a
ax b
R x dx
cx d
;a<( (=
n
ax b
cx d
+
+
V du: T6nh (6ch 7han H =
"
3
&
" xdx

Giai
;a<( ( =
3
" x

(
3
= "#x

x= "#(
3

dx= #3(
!
d(+
;o>i ca'n: .a'y H=
"
& "
! 3
" & &
3
+( 3 ) 3 3

t
t t dt t dt

4/ Tnh tch phan cua $o%t &o ha!$ ,ng giac th!ng ga)p
-a?ng:
sin +cos 0 sin +sin 0 cos +cos ax bxdx ax bxdx ax bxdx



Phng phap giai:
-ung cong (h@c bien =o>i (6ch (hanh (o>ng =e> (ach (hanh (o>ng hoa<c hie'u
cac (6ch 7han 1o/i gia*i+
-a?ng:
sin C cos
n n
xdx xdx



Phng phap giai: Neu n chaOn dung cong (h@c ha? ba'c0 n $e* dung cong (h@c
=o>i bien+
V !u :
! " ! !
! !
sin sin sin (" cos ) sin ;a<( ( =cosx
" cos!
cos (cos )
!
n n n
n
n n
xdx x xdx x xdx
x
xdx x dx dx




+

+ _


,


-a?ng:
(sin )+cos R x xdx

;a<c bie'(:
! ! "
sin +cos
n k
x xdx

Phng phap giai: ;a<(

( =sinx
x 1
t "
-a?ng:
(cos )+sin R x xdx

;a<c bie'(:
! " !
sin +cos
n k
x xdx

Phng phap giai: ;a<(

( =cosx
,ac (1@Ang hA?7 con $a?i =a<( x=(g(
V du: T6nh cac (6ch 7han sau:
a8

&
sin3 +cos + x x dx

b8
!
!
&
sin xdx

c8
!
3
&
cos xdx

d8
!
3 !
&
cos sin x xdx

Giai a8

&
sin3 +cos + x x dx

+ +

!
&
&
" " cos cos! "
(sin s ! ) ( )
! ! ! !
x x
x in x dx

b8

! !
!
!
&
& &
" cos! " sin!
sin ( )
! ! !
x x
xdx dx x
c8 H=
!
3
&
cos xdx

=



! !
! !
& &
cos +cos + (" sin )+cos + x x dx x x dx
a<( ( =sinx

d( = cosx dx+
4i c5n
.a'y: H=

" 3
"
!
&
&
!
(" )+ ( )
3 3
t
t dt t
d8I =
!
3 !
&
cos sin x xdx

=



! !
! ! ! !
& &
cos sin +cos + (" sin )sin +cos + x x x dx x x x dx
a<( ( = sinx

d( = cosx dx+
4i c5n
V%y: )=


" " 3 5
"
! ! !
&
& &
!
(" ) + ( )+ ( )
3 5 "5
t t
t t dt t t dt
Bai tap e ngh: T6nh cac (6ch 7han sau:
(i 1 : 1/

"
3
&
+
x
x e dx
2/

!
&
cos
x
dx
x
3/

"
$n +
e
x dx
6/

5
!
! +$n( ")+ x x dx
5/

!
&
+cos +
x
e x dx

(i * : 1/ 3=
+

! 3 !
!
"
! 3 x x x
dx
x
2/ )=
+ +
+

!
3
! 5 3
"
x x
dx
x

(i ' : 1/ 3=
+

"
!
&
"
5 %
dx
x x
2/ 3=

+

5
!

" !
% P
x
dx
x x
3/ 3=

!
!
3 "
4
x
dx
x x

(i +: 1/

"
3
&
+ " x xdx
2/

"
!
!
x
dx
x

(i , : 1/

&
cos + x dx
2/

!
3 3
&
sin +cos + x x dx
3/
!

&
sin +cos + x x dx

6/
!
%
"
sin
dx
x

.
NG DNG CA TCH PHN !" TNH D#$N TCH H%NH PH&NG
1/C'c (i)n thc c*n b+n ,
a" Dang t#an1: Dien t$h h%nh pha&ng gi'i han b'i 1 ('ng $#ng )a 3 ('ng tha&ng*
#ong thc:
x

!
t &
1
x

!
t &
1
,ho ham so y=f(x) $ien (u?c (1en =oa?n 9aCb: 5hi =o die'n (6ch hnh 7haQng giAi
ha?n bA*i =@Ang cong (,) :y=f(x) Ba cac =@Ang (haQng x= aC x=bC y= & $a :
( )
b
a
S f x dx

b- Dang t#an2: Dien t$h h%nh pha&ng gi'i han b'i 2 ('ng $#ng )a 2 ('ng tha&ng*
#ong thc:
,ho ham so y=f(x) co =o/ (h2 (,) Ba y=g(x) co =o/ (h2 (,R) $ien (u?c (1en =oa?n
9aCb: 5hi =o die'n (6ch hnh 7haQng giAi ha?n bA*i =@Ang cong (,)0 (,R) Ba cac
=@Ang (haQng x= aC x=b $a :
( ) ( )
b
a
S f x g x dx

Phng phap giai toan:

L": Sa'7 7h@Ang (1nh hoanh =o' giao =ie>m gi@Ga (,) Ba (,R)
L!: T6nh die'n (6ch hnh 7haQng ca/n (m:
,ch (6nh
( )
b
a
S f x dx

+,1: Neu 7h@Ang (1nh f(x) = & Bo nghie'm (1ong (aCb)+ Dhi =o die'n (6ch hnh
7haQng ca/n (m $a:
( )
b
a
S f x dx

+,2: Neu 7h@Ang (1nh f(x) = & co " nghie'm $a x

"

(aCb)+ Dhi =o die'n (6ch hnh

7haQng ca/n (m $a:

1
1
( ) ( )
x b
a x
S f x dx f x dx +


+,3: Neu 7h@Ang (1nh hoanh =o' giao =ie>m co cac nghie'm $a x
"
C x
!

(aCb)+ Dhi
=o die'n (6ch hnh 7haQng ca/n (m $a:
1 1 2
2
( ) ( ) ( )
x x x
a x b
S f x dx f x dx f x dx + +

#hu -: 1 Neu 7h@Ang (1nh hoanh =o' giao =ie>m co nhie/u hAn ! nghie'm $am
(@Ang (@? (1@Ang hA?7 3+
T -a?ng (oan " $a (1@Ang hA?7 =a<c bie'( cu*a da?ng (oan ! 5hi =@Ang cong
g(x)=&
V du 1: T6nh die'n (6ch hnh 7haQng giAi ha?n bA*i =o/ (h2 cu*a ham so y = sinx
(1en =oa?n 9&C!

: Ba Ux+
Giai:
Ta co :sinx = & co " nghie'm x= ( ) &C! Ba'y die'n (6ch hnh 7haQng ca/n (m
$a:
7 =

+

! !
& &
sin sin sin x dx xdx xdx
=

+
!
&
cos cos x x = 6
V d2: T6nh die'n (6ch hnh 7haQng giAi ha?n bA*i (V
"
): y = x
!
! x 0 Ba (V
!
) y= x
!
+ "
Ba cac =@Ang (haQng x = !1 ; x =2 .
Gia i
V(h=g= : x
!
! x = x
!
+ "

!x +"= &

x = #"8! +
-o =o :W=
! "8 ! !
! ! ! ! ! !
" " "8 !
( ! ) ( ") 9( ! ) ( "): 9( ! ) ( "): x x x dx x x x dx x x x dx
-
- - -
- - + = - - + + - - +

=
( ) ( )
"8 ! !
" "8 !
! " ! " x dx x dx
-
- -
+ + +

= ( ) ( )
"
!
! !
!
"
"
!
x x x x
-
- -
+ + +
=
" !5 "3
!
+ = (dBd()
V d 3: T6nh die'n (6ch hnh 7haQng giAi ha?n bA*i (V): y
!
= x 0 Ba =@Ang (haQng (d):
!x+y# = &.
GiaiTa co (V): y
!
= x x =
!

y
Ba (d): !x+y# = & x=

!
y
+
Vh@Ang (1nh (ung =o' giao =ie>m cu*a (V) Ba =@Ang (haQng (d) $a:
!

y
=

!
y

y
y

.a'y die'n (6ch hnh 7haQng ca/n (m $a: W=

! ! ! ! ! 3
!

( ) (! ) (! ) P
! ! "!
y y y y y y
dy dy y

./ 01i t23 t45n6 t7 :
Bai 1* T)nh di-n t)ch hnh .h/ng gii h0n 12i 3 th4 567 c8a hm s y = * 9 x
*
:i ;ng th/ng 5d7&
y = x.
Bai 2* 6ho hm s y =
( )
8
x 9 + 567 . T)nh di-n t)ch hnh .h/ng gii h0n 12i 567 : .h<ng t=nh
ti>. tuy>n c8a n# t0i ?5@17.
Bai 3* 6ho hm s y =
8x :
.x .
+
+
567 . T)nh di-n t)ch hnh .h/ng gii h0n 12i 567 : cc t=Ac Bx! By
: ;ng th/ng x = *.
Bai 4* T)nh di-n t)ch hnh .h/ng gii h0n 12i cc ;ng 567& ; x : cc ;ng th/ng
5d7& x C y 9 * = ! y = .
Bai -* T)nh di-n t)ch hnh .h/ng gii h0n 12i cc ;ng 5D7& y = x
*
9 *x C * !ti>. tuy>n 5d7 c8a n# t0i
iEm F5'!,7 : By.
Bai .* 6ho hm s y =
.
8x :x :
x 9
+

567 .
T)nh di-n t)ch hnh .h/ng gii h0n 12i 567! ti-m c%n c8a n# : x = *! x= '.
NG DNG CA TCH PHN !" TH< TCH CA =T TH< T>?N @"AA
1/C'c (i)n thc c*n b+n ,
%h89 t(ch cu:a ;a1t th89 t<&=n x&a2 sinh <a /hi h.nh >ha?n@ @iA'i haBn bA:i CDA=n@ c&n@ (C) c&' >hDAn@ t<.nh
2= E(x) ;a= ca'c CDA=n@ tha?n@ x= a, x=b , 2= $ Fua2 G&1t ;&=n@ xun@ Fuanh t<uBc Hx la=:
2
( )
b
a
V f x dx

./ 01i t23 '3 dBn6 :
V du 1: T6nh (he> (6ch 5hoi ca/u sinh 1a do Xuay hnh (1on co (am U ban 56nh Y
Xuay xung Xuanh (1u?c Ux+
Giai:
;@Ang (1on (am U ban 56nh Y co 7h@Ang (1nh :x
!
+ y
!
= Y
!

y
!
= Y
!
#x
!
The> (6ch 5hoi ca/u $a : .= ( )
! !
R
R
R x dx

=
3
!
3
R
R
x
R x

,
=
3
3
!
!
3
R
R
_

,
=
3

3
R
(=B(()
V du 0: T6nh (he> (6ch cu*a Ba'( (he> (1on xoay0 sinh 1a bA*i moJi hnh 7haQng giAi
ha?n bA*i cac =@Ang sau 5hi no Xuay xung Xuanh (1u?c Ux: x = "C x = !C y = &C y =
x
!
!x+
Giai:
The> (6ch cu*a Ba'( (he> (1on xoay ca/n (m $a :
! !
! ! 3 !
" "
( ! ) ( ) x x dx x x x dx

+


=
5
!
3
"

( )
5 3
x
x x

+ =
"4
5

(=B(()
B/i 3 T)nh thE t)ch :%t thE t=Gn xoay sinh =a Hhi hnh .h/ng gii h0n 12i cc ;ng sau &
y = @ y = x xsin @ x = @ x =
2

.
Gi0i: V =

2
$
sin

xdx x
t &
I sin
u x
v x

'

I 1
c&s
u
v x

'

V =

2
$
sin

xdx x
=
1
1
1
]
1

2
$
2
$
c&s ) c&s (

xdx x x
= .
B/i 4. T)nh thE t)ch c8a :%t thE t=Gn xoay sinh =a 12i .hI. Juay xung Juanh t=Ac By c8a hnh gii
h0n 12i cc ;ng y =
2
2
x
@ y = *@ y = + : x = .
Gi0i: V =

6
2
2ydy 5
6
2
2
) ( y
= 1*.
01i t23 CD n6hE :
01i 9, %(nh ,in t(ch h.nh >hJn@ @iKi hLn bMi cNc OPQn@:
1. %<Rc h&Snh,
2
1, $, 1 y x x x + .
2. Ta<ab&l:
2
U y x x , cNc OPQn@ thJn@ x = !1, x = 3 ;S t<Rc h&Snh.
3.
s , $, $, 2 y inx y x x
.
6.
2
, 2 3 y x y x + .
5.
2
3 1, U 1 y x x y x + +
.
01i ., %(nh thV t(ch /hWi t<Xn x&a2 tL& nYn /hi h.nh >hJn@ @iKi hLn bMi cNc OPQn@ sau Fua2 Fuanh t<Rc h&Snh:
1.
2
6 y x ;S
$ y
.
2.
s , $, $, / 2 y inx y x x
.
3. c&t , $, $,
6
y x y x x

.
01i 8, %(nh ,in t(ch h.nh >hJn@ @iKi hLn bMi cNc OPQn@:
1. %<Rc h&Snh,
3
1, $, 1 y x x x + .
2. Ta<ab&l :
2
6 , y x x cNc OPQn@ thJn@ x = !1, x = 2 ;S t<Rc h&Snh.
3.
, $, $, 2 y cox y x x
.
6.
2
, 2 y x y x .
01i F, Ch& h.nh >hJn@ @iKi hLn bMi OZ th[ hSG sW 2 = &sx($ )
2
c x

;S hai t<Rc t&L O\. %(nh thV t(ch /hWi
t<Xn x&a2 OP]c tL& thSnh /hi Fua2 h.nh O^ Fuanh t<Rc Hx.
01i :: %(nh thV t(ch /hWi t<Xn x&a2 tL& nYn /hi h.nh >hJn@ @iKi hLn bMi cNc OPQn@ sau Fua2 Fuanh t<Rc h&Snh:
1.
2
1 y x ; S
$ y
.
2. , $, $, 2
x
y e y x x
01i G, Ch& hSG sW 2 =
+

m
x m
56 7
x
4
1
, (G lS thaG sW).
a) -h_& sNt s` bian thiYn ;S ;b OZ th[ (C) cca hSG sW /hi G = 6.
b) %(nh ,in t(ch h.nh >hJn@ @iKi hLn bMi (C), tiG c5n n@an@ ;S cNc OPQn@ x = 2, x =6.