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.1 .18 :

) (

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) Correlation Matrix (R-matrix

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( ) (

R-matrix

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R-matrix

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633

factors

" "

) ( loading

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factor

classificatory axis )(
.
factor

) ( 8

factor factor

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634

factor analysis
)( latent

) variables (

SPSS

Kim and

) Mueller (1978 ). Tabachnick and Fiedell (1996

.2 .18 :
Stages in Factor Analysis :
:
) (1 R-matrix
.

) (2 factors

" " ). Principal Components (PC

) (18

635

) (3 rotated

varimax

orthogonal .

factor scores

0.3

singularity assumption

" " multicollinearity

assumption
.

) (18

636

)( factors

R-matrix

loadings )(
) (
.

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" " rotated factor matrix

" " simple structure

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637

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) (18

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- -
" "

Exploratory factor analysis

) ( "

Confirmatory factor analysis

)(
.

" " Structural Equation Modeling

" Confirmatory factor analysis

" " causal modeling "

" path analysis

" " covariance structure models

) (

" Confirmatory factor analysis

SPSS

) EQS Bentler,

(1993 ) LISREL . (Joreskog & Sorbom, 1989

) (18

639

.3 .18 : SPSS
Factor Analysis with SPSS :

SPSS

10

:
English Literature French Literature

German Language Fine Arts

Mathematics Applied Sciences 1-18

.

SPSS

Command language SPSS

SPSS PC+ ver. 6.0

SPSS

. SPSS PC+

Data Editor SPSS

2-18 Data Editor

) (18

640

: 1-18 .

45
78
50
56
46
92
56
32
44
72

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

81
40
46
40
91
48
68
35
92
45

72
41
47
33
75
41
67
32
84
45

69
32
54
34
76
46
72
41
76
36

53
91
47
65
54
88
45
36
51
67

51
81
49
63
47
90
47
37
43
79

Factor Data Reduction

) Analyze Statistics (8.0

3-18 .

: 2-18 Data Editor

.

) (18

641

: 3-18 . Factor Analysis

Factor Analysis 4-18

Variables

: 4-18 . Factor Analysis

) (18

642

Descriptives Descriptives

5-18 Univariate

Descriptives Initial solution Coefficients

R-matrix

Reproduced
Communalities R2

Reproduced
Continue .

Extraction

) Extraction (6-18 Scree plot

Principal

Components .

: 5-18 Descriptives
.Factor Analysis

) (18

643

: 6-18 Extraction .

F-matrix

Rotation ) (7-18

Varimax Display:

Rotated solution
Continue . OK
: 7-18 Rotation .

( 18)

644

8-18

. : 8-18
Descriptive Statistics
Mean

Std. Deviation Analysis N

English Literature

58.60

22.26

10

French Literature

53.70

18.93

10

German Language

53.60

18.12

10

Fine Arts

57.10

18.26

10

Mathematics

59.70

18.12

10

Applied Sciences

58.70

18.42

10

Correlation

. 9-18 matrix

. : 9-18
Correlation Matrix

English French German Fine Mathe- Applied

Literature Literature Language Arts matics Sciences
English Literature

1.000

.977

.928

-.366

-.310

-.448

French Literature

.977

1.000

.933

-.351

-.335

-.456

German Language .928

.933

1.000

-.468

-.516

-.612

Fine Arts

-.366

-.351

-.468

1.000

.908

.962

Mathematics

-.310

-.335

-.516

.908

1.000

.939

Applied Sciences

-.448

-.456

-.612

.962

.939

1.000

) (18

645

R-matrix
) ( )
(
.

9-18

R-matrix

)(
.
) (10-18

communalities
communality

) ( R2 factors

) (18

646

( 98%
.

: 10-18
communalities .
Communalities
Extraction

Initial

.979

1.000

English Literature

.981

1.000

French Literature

.957

1.000

German Language

.952

1.000

Fine Arts

.947

1.000

Mathematics

.984

1.000

Applied Sciences

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analys

11-18

components

) 6-3
( Initial

Eigenvalues

) (

eigenvalue

) (100%

4.18

) (18

647

100%) 6
(

) (4.186=69.7%

) (% of Variance

97%
) .(Cumulative %

Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings

Rotation

Sums of Squared Loadings

varimax .
:11-18

Eigenvalues .
Total Variance Explained
Rotation Sums of Squared
Loadings

Extraction Sums of
Squared Loadings

Initial Eigenvalues

Comp% of
Cumul% of
Cumul% of
Cumulonent Total Variance ative % Total Variance ative % Total Variance ative %
1
4.179 69.649 69.649 4.179 69.649 69.649 2.904 48.405 48.405
96.656

96.656 2.895 48.252

96.656 1.620 27.007

1.620 27.007

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

) (18

648

11-18 Scree plot

. Extraction
: 12-18 Scree
Plot Eigenvalues .

The Factor Scree Plot

Eigenvalue

0
6

Component Number

) (

) .(11-18

) (18

649

) (13-18

component matrix

: 13-18
Component matrix .
Component Matrixa
Component
2

.574

.805

English Literature

.570

.810

French Literature

.401

.892

German Language

.545

-.810

Fine Arts

.552

-.801

Mathematics

.451

-.883

Applied Sciences

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis

a. 2 components extracted.

) orthogonal (

) (1
.

F-matrix

R-matrix.

) (18

650

) (14-18
reproduced correlation matrix .

F-matrix [(0.81 * 0.89) + (0.57 * 0.40) = 0.95] (13-18

14-18

0.93 2%

) (18

651

: 14-18
Reproduced Correlation Matrix .Residuals
Reproduced Correlations

Applied
Sciences

Mathematics

Fine
Arts

German
Language

French
Literature

-.452

-.328

-.339

.949

.980

-.459

-.334

-.346

.951

-.608

-.493

.981

English
Literature
b

.979
.980

English Literature
French Literature

-.504

.957

.951

.949

German
Language

.961

.949

.952

-.504

-.346

-.339

Fine Arts

.957

.947b

.949

-.493

-.334

-.328

Mathematics

.984b

.957

.961

-.608

-.459

-.452

Applied Sciences

.004

.018

-.027

-.021

-.002

.003

.000

-.006

-.018

-.005

-.023

.037

.001

-.041

-.018
-.018

English Literature
-.002

French Literature

-.018

-.021

German
Language

.037

-.006

-.027

Fine Arts

-.041

-.023

.000

.018

Mathematics

.001

-.005

.003

.004

Applied Sciences

Reproduced
Correlation

Residual

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

)a. Residuals are computed between observed and reproduced correlations. There are 0 (.0%
nonredundant residuals with absolute values > 0.05.
b. Reproduced communalities

Residuals

) 0.933

(9-18
0.951 -0.018

residual 14-18

a 0.05

) (18

652

b b

communalities

10-18
. 90%

) (15-18

Rotated Component Matrix

)(

) (13-18

(Component 2
) (Component 1

R-matrix

( 18)

653

: 15-18
. Rotated Component Matrix
Rotated Component Matrix a
Component
1

English Literature

-.165

.975

French Literature

-.172

.975

German Language

-.349

.914

Fine Arts

.958

-.185

Mathematics

.957

-.174

Applied Sciences

.944

-.304

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.
a. Rotation converged in 3 iterations.

SPSS
(16-18 )

: 16-18
. Component Transformation Matrix
Component Transformation Matrix
Component
1

-.708

.706

.706

.708

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis

Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalizat

D E