5/10/2013

1
LPKEE-ITB
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Electrical Energy Conversion Research Laboratory
Institute of Technology Bandung
Introduction to Control of AC
Electric Motor
1
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References
5/10/2013
2
LPKEE-ITB
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Beberapa alasan diperlukan
pengaturan motor induksi
Arusstart /
inrush current tinggi
-2 50
-2 00
-1 50
-1 00
-5 0
0
50
10 0
15 0
20 0
25 0
0 20 0 40 0 60 0 80 0 10 00 12 00
LPKEE-ITB
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LPKEE-ITB
Beberapa alasan diperlukan
pengaturan motor induksi
5/10/2013
3
LPKEE-ITB
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LPKEE-ITB
Beberapa alasan diperlukan
pengaturan motor induksi
LPKEE-ITB
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LPKEE-ITB
MOTOR STARTER
Elektromekanik
Elektronik
Direct-on line
Auto-transformer
Star delta
Soft Starter
Variable Speed Drive
5/10/2013
4
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Direct-on line (Start Langsung)
7
Circuit
Breaker
Contactor
TOR
Disconnection Disconnection
Switching Switching
Short Circuit Protection Short Circuit Protection
Overload Protection Overload Protection
Power Control Power Control
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MOTOR STARTER
Start Langsung
Kurva Current/Speed
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
0.25 0.50 0.75 1
Current
Speed
Peakstarting
current =4 to 8 In
Advantages:
Simple starter
Lowcost
5/10/2013
5
LPKEE-ITB
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LPKEE-ITB
TORKA MOTOR
LPKEE-ITB
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LPKEE-ITB
Start DOL
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
0.25 0.50 0.75 1
Current
Speed
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
0
0.25 0.50 0.75 1
Torque
Speed
Motor Torque
Load Torque
5/10/2013
6
LPKEE-ITB
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Start DOL (Langsung)
s
i
s
R
s
v
R
i
l
L
s
R
R
s
L
Start Langsung :
Arus start tinggi
Mengapa kalau start
langsung arus mulanya
tinggi !
( ) ( )
2 2
/
l R
r
L s R
E
I
+
=
Apakah kondisi ini
harus diatasi?
LPKEE-ITB
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LPKEE-ITB
Kurva Current/Speed
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
0.25 0.50 0.75 1
Current
Speed
Current pada
koneksi Star
Current pada
koneksi Delta
ArusStarting :
1.8 - 2.6 kali arus
nominal
Kriteriaperalatan:
6 terminal motor
starting tanpabeban
ataudenganbeban
ringan
Tidakadaparameter
yang disetting
Sumber : Schneider Electric
Star delta
5/10/2013
7
LPKEE-ITB
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Star delta
BUKTIKAN ARUS START DELTA 3 KALI ARUS START BINTANG (STAR)
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Star delta
fY sD
fD sD
f
fY
fD
fY fD
fY fD
I I
I I
Z
V
I
I I
V V
3
3
3
3
3
=
=
=
=
=
5/10/2013
8
LPKEE-ITB
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Rangkaian Start Y-D
LPKEE-ITB
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Rangkaian Kendali Start Y-D
5/10/2013
9
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Start dengan Auto-transformer
Current/Speed Curve
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
0.25 0.50 0.75 1
Current
Speed
Current direct
from source
Current
through
autotransforme
r
ArusStarting
1.7 to 4 kali arus
nominal
3 terminal motor,
Tidakada
parameter yang
disetting
LPKEE-ITB
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Starting Induction Motors
dengan autotransformer
5/10/2013
10
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Kajian Teknis Sistem Soft Starter
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Soft Starter
Starting current
2 - 5 x rated current
Utilisation criteria:
3 terminal motor
Adjustable acc and
dec
dc injection braking
possible
Current/Speed Curve
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
Current
Current DOL
connection
Current by
Soft Starter
Current by
Star-Delta
5/10/2013
11
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Soft Starter
Direct Start
Startingcurrent 6 8 X
ratedCurrent
Voltage Drop
Akselerasi dan
dekselerasi tak
terkendali.
Electronic start (soft starter)
Starting Current 1.5 - 5 x
rated current motor
Power reduction
Smoth start
Controlled Accelaration
Controlled stop.
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Starting Current with VSD
Current/Speed Curve
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
0.25 0.50 0.75 1
Current
Speed
Current on Star-
Delta
Current on
DOL
Current on
VSD
Starting Current :
Direct On Line/DOL : 6-8 In
Star-Delta : 2-5 In
Soft Starter : 1.5-5 In (Adj)
Variable Speed Drive/VSD
: 1-1,5 In
Sumber : Schneider Electric
5/10/2013
12
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Variable Speed Drive
Start denganvariable speed drive
Startingcurrent 1 1.5 X ratedCurrent
Power Reduction
Smothstart.
controlableaccelaration
Controlledstop.
Variable Speed whenever youwant
Thermal protection built in
Application & Communcationfunction
EnergySaving
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Kendali Kecepatan Motor Induksi
Pengendalian motor induksi
dapat dilakukan dengan cara :
Mengubah jumlah kutub
motor
Mengubah tegangan sumber
Mengubah frekuensi sumber
Menambahkan tahanan luar
P
f 120
N
s
=
( )
2
lr sl
2
r
sl r
2
m
L R
R E
2
P 3
T

+
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
5/10/2013
13
LPKEE-ITB
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LPKEE-ITB
Speed Control of Induction Motor
changing the number of poles
LPKEE-ITB
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LPKEE-ITB
Speed Control of Induction Motor
changing the number of poles
5/10/2013
14
LPKEE-ITB
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LPKEE-ITB
Speed Control of Induction Motor
changing the number of poles
LPKEE-ITB
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LPKEE-ITB
TERIMA KASIH
nana@konversi.ee.itb.ac.id