CVS 5 : Blood Vessels 1 Prof.

Lammers

Long Term Control of Blood Pressure

Long-term control of Blood Pressure is a function of slower acting renal mechanisms that regulate blood volume. Normal Blood Volume = 5 L Direct Renal Mechanism: BV and BP s eeding the rate of fluid removal from the bod! BV and BP BV and BP water conserved and returned to the bloodstream BV and BP Indirect Renal Mechanism Renin Angiotensin Aldosteron system "hen BP #enin is released b! the $idne! into the blood #enin roduction of %ngiotensinogen roduction of %ngiotensin & 'mile constrictive hormone( roduction of %ngiotensin && 'strongest constrictor in the blood( %ngiotensin & L:N;4 %ngiotensin && B! '%C.( %ngiotesin Converting .n<!me

%ngiotension && ) o Vasocontriction o #elease of aldosteron from the $idne!*s adrenal corte+. reduce e+cretion of Na, reduce water loss Blood Volume Blood Pressure -rug com anies roduce %C. inhibitor Experimentation &n an animal/ e+ erimenters cut 0erings nerve/ a branch of the glosso har!ngeal nerve/ a cranial nerve that innervates the barorece tors in the wall of the carotid sinus and the chemorece tors in the carotid bod!. o &t ta$es a longer time for him bod! to res ond to changes in BP. o "hen the nerve was cut/ there were man! fluctuations and ra id changes in his diastolic/ s!stolic and ulse ressure but his 1%P is constant. o Therefore/ the! concluded that barorece tors function to control fast variations in BP not the average BP or 1%P. o There are other mechanisms to control BP but the barorefle+ is the fastest. .+ eriment that was thought to be 2stu id3. 4timulation of 0erings nerve would lower BP in eo le with 0! ertension. The! thought 0TN can be treated b! this wa!. o The! im lanted acema$ers in humans with 0TN. o The! develo ed h! otension o Then the! lowered the level of stimuli of the acema$er o %fter some time/ h! ertension returns. The bod! is ada ting and ad5usting to this 0TN level. o The! removed the acema$er 6 h! ertension doubles o "ith time the 0TN returns to its rvious level before im lating the acema$er. o Baroce tor function is to control short term changes in BP. o The $idne! is the organ res onsible for long term control of BP es eciall! eo le with 0TN. %l Tenai5i/ %. 1 Long Term Control of Blood Pressure/ 7medstudents.com 8998