I.

Heat Transfer Conduction the transfer of heat through the transmission of energy between particles during collisions Convection the transfer of heat in liquids and gases through convection currents brought by the rising of heated particles and sinking of cooler and denser particles Radiation the transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic waves

Conduction occurs as the energized particles transfer energy through contact; gas particles near source of heat solid particles in the beaker, tripod and wire gauze liquid particles near the base of the beaker. Convection currents are formed as the water near the base of the liquid expands and becomes less dense due to heat. The heated liquid rises as the denser and cooler liquid fills up the vacuum left by risen liquid. The liquid that sank becomes heated as well and rises. The cycle continues as long as theres any temperature difference. Gases near the mouth of the beaker also heats up and rises, their place filled up by cooler air. Heat transfer also occurs through radiation as energized gas particles near the mouth of the gas lamp speeds up, leaving small spaces of vacuum where heat travels through electromagnetic waves.

II. Effects of Heat (Thermal Expansion)

At room temperature, the metal ball fit the hole easily. When the metal ball was heated, the movement of the particles became more rapid due to the accumulation of

energy. The rapid movement caused the particles to veer farther from one another, leading it to expand and increase in volume. It didnt fit the hole then. Once the ball was cooled, the particles contracted.