Brittany Garcia Section 12 Osmosis Lab Report Introduction Osmosis is when water molecules diffuse across a selectively permeable

cell membrane. This movement is important to organisms because it allows for the transport of various materials throughout an organism. In this process, water moves down a concentration gradientfrom high water concentrations to low water concentrationsand solutes are blocked from diffusing due to the cells selectively permeable wall. When the concentration of water is lower inside the cell than outside, it is called a hypotonic solution. But when the concentration of water is lower outside the cell than inside, it is called a hypertonic solution. In this lab, the question posed was how different concentrations of sucrose would affect the rate of osmosis. The hypothesis was that if the concentration of sucrose inside a selectively permeable membrane increases, then the rate of osmosis will also increase. Materials and Methods To start off the experiment, four separate beakers were used that were all filled with 150mL of de-ionized water and labeled with different sucrose concentrations. These sucrose concentration labels were 0M, .25M, .50M, and .75M. Next, four separate dialysis tubing bags were each filled with one of the different sucrose solutions. In order to fill the dialysis bags, they were first soaked in distilled water in order to open the bag. After this, one end was tied with string and the solution was poured in the other end, and then was tied with string as well. The bag was rinsed with di-H2O to remove any excess solution on the outside of the bag that may skew any of the data. Following this, each dialysis bag was weighed and its initial weight was recorded then each bag was immersed in their corresponding beakers at the same time. After the bags had been left in their beakers for 35 minutes, the bags were taken out and measured again for their final weight. For each solution, the final weight of each bag was divided by its initial weight, and the quotient was multiplied by 100 to give the percent of initial weight gain.

Results The resulting data was collected from 6 groups in the class. The initial weight gains for the 0M solution was 100.99-103.38%. The values were 101.87%, 102.62%, 101.23%, 101.77%, 100.99%, and 103.38%. At 0.25M, the initial weight gain was 106.11-112.30%. The values were 109.79%, 112.06%, 106.11%, 107.44%, 107.65%, and 112.30%. At 0.50M, the initial weight gain was 108.19-115.87%. The values were 114.92%, 113.17%, 108.19%, 115.87%, 111.19%, and 114.60%. And at 0.75M, the initial weight gain was 107.76-120.95%. The values were 107.76%, 120.95%, 113.62%, 114.29%, 115.21%, and 114.67%. On the chart, the line of best fit indicates that approximately 101.5% for 0M, 103.4% for .25M, 109.3% for .50M, and 113.1% for .75M is the average initial weight gain for all of the given values. The line of best fit or trend line that was produced with this data showed that there was approximately 101.5% initial weight gain for 0M sucrose concentration, 103.4% initial weight gain for .25M sucrose concentration, 109.3% initial weight gain for .50M sucrose concentration, and 113.1% initial weight gain for .75M sucrose concentration. Discussion The chart of the raw data and trend line shows that there is a strong, positive, linear correlation between an increase of sucrose concentrations and initial weight gain. The data and trend line supports the hypothesis because it shows that the greater the amount of sucrose solution, the heavier the dialysis bag became (increased osmosis). This can be seen by the trend line in that the initial weight gain increased at each level of sucrose concentration101.55 at 0M, 103.4% at .25M, 109.3% at .50M, and 113.1% at .75M. There were a few outliers in the results; two evident outliers include the 120.95% and 107.76% initial weight gain under the .75M sucrose concentration. However, this could be attributed to a number of things such as not sealing the bag tightly, leaving the bag in longer than supposed to, having some of the solution on the outside of the bag, or even having too much excess string that absorbed water. One thing that would be a better way to actually view the process of osmosis in this experiment would be to add dye that is tailored to stain either the solution or the de-ionized water so that we can clearly distinguish visually how much of the fluid is entering the dialysis bag and also be able to tell how quickly or at what rate that fluid is entering the bag. The data given does show that there is an increase in osmosis (given by the positive, linear correlation), but it is difficult to see the
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actual process and get an idea of how fast this process occurspercentages of weight gain is not enough to clearly understand osmosis.

TABLE 1: Class raw data on the effect of sucrose concentration on the rate of osmosis (% initial weight gain). At 0M, the range for % initial weight gain was 100.99-103.38%. There was one value of 100.99%, one of 101.23%, one of 101.77%, one of 101.87%, one of 102.62%, and one of 103.38%. At 0.25M, the range for % initial weight gain was 106.11-112.30%. There was one value of 106.11%, one of 107.44%, one of 107.65%, one of 109.79%, one of 112.06%, and one of 112.30%. At .50M, the range for % initial weight gain was 108.19-115.87%. There was one value of 108.19%, one of 111.19%, one of 113.17%, one of 114.60%, one of 114.92%, and one value of 115.21%. At .75M, the range for % initial weight gain was 107.76-120.95%. There was one value of 107.76%, one of 113.62%, one of 114.29%, one of 114.67%, one of 115.21%, and one value of 120.95%.

SUCROSE CONCENTRATION 0M .25M .5M .75M 101.87 109.79 114.92 107.76 102.62 112.06 113.17 120.95

TABLE OF CLASS RAW DATA % INITIAL WEIGHT GAIN 101.23 106.11 108.19 113.62 101.77 107.44 115.87 114.29 100.99 107.65 111.19 115.21 103.38 112.30 114.60 114.67

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Group
115 % Initial Weight Gain 1 2 110 3 4 5 6 105 Linear (3)

100 0M .25M .5M .75M Sucrose Concentration (M)

GRAPH 1: Trend line data reflecting % initial weight gain as a result of increased sucrose concentration. The above trend line indicates approximately 101.5% initial weight gain for 0M sucrose concentration, 103.4% initial weight gain for .25M sucrose concentration, 109.3% initial weight gain for .50M sucrose concentration, and 113.1% initial weight gain for .75M sucrose concentration.