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ThinkingBeyondtheText Makepredictionsastowhatwillhappennextinastory Expresspersonalconnectionsthroughdiscussion Makeconnectionsbetweentextsthattheyhaveread,heardread,orreadinunisonwithothers Usebackgroundknowledgeandexperiencetocontributetotextinterpretation Usedetailsfromillustrationstosupportpointsmadeindiscussion Predictwhatacharacterwilldoinpreparationforreading Inferwhatacharactersfeelingsormotivationsinpreparationforreading ThinkingAbouttheText Recognizeandidentifypartsofstories,suchasbeginning,seriesofevents,andendings Understandanddiscusstitle,author,andillustrator Expressopinionsabouttheappropriatenessoftheending Noticehowthewriterhasusedlanguageorwordstomakeatextinterestingorfunny Recognizewhentextsarerealistic,fantasy,ortrueinformationaltexts Comparedifferentversionsofthesamestory,rhyme,ortraditionaltale Noticeandunderstandtextsthatarebasedonestablishedsequencessuchasnumbers,daysof theweek,seasons Noticehowlayoutofpicturesorprintaffectsthewayyoureaditforexample,largerfontor bold
Checkinformationinthetextagainsttheirownexperiences WRITINGABOUTREADING ThinkingWithintheText Writeshortsentencestoreportorsummarizeimportantdetailsfromatext Representacharacterthroughdrawingorwriting Representasequenceofeventsthroughdrawing(oftenwithlabelsorlegends)orwriting Noticeandsometimesusenewwordsfromatext Tellimportantinformationfromastory Usetextasaresourceforwords,phrases,ideas Usethenamesofauthorsandillustrators ThinkingBeyondtheText Reflectbothpriorknowledgeandnewknowledgefromthetext Inferhowacharacterfeels Composeinnovationsonveryfamiliartexts Produceinnovationsonatextbychangingending,seriesofevents,thecharacters,orthesetting ThinkingAbouttheText Sometimesborrowthestyleorsomelanguagefromawriter Expressopinionsaboutastoryorpoem Noticethewayatextisorganizedandsometimesapplyorganizationtowriting Differentiatebetweeninformationalandfictiontexts Noticeandsometimesuseinterestinglanguagefromatext Producesomesimplegraphicrepresentationsofastory Usespecificvocabularytowriteabouttexts(author,illustrator,cover,problem,events) WRITING SelectingPurpose&Genre Narrative Understandhowtocraftpersonalnarrativesandmemoirsfrommentortexts Understandthatastoryfromyourlifeisusuallywritteninfirstperson(usingI) Writeanengagingbeginningandasatisfyingendingtostories Understandthatastorycanbeasmallmoment(descriptionofabrief,memorable experience) Usedialogueasappropriatetoaddtothemeaningofthestory
Usewordsthatshowthepassageoftime(then,after) Describecharactersbywhattheydo,say,andthinkandwhatotherssayaboutthem Selectmeaningfultopics Explainonesownthoughtsandfeelingsaboutatopic Tellastoryacrossseveralpagesinordertodevelopthestoryoridea Informational Understandliterarynonfictionaswritingthatengagesandentertainsreadersbutteaches themaboutatopic Functional Understandnotes,cards,invitations,andemailaswrittencommunicationamongpeople Understandthattheformofwrittencommunicationisrelatedtothepurpose Writetoaknownaudienceoraspecificreader Writewithaspecificpurposeinmind Includeimportantinformationinthecommunication Writewithafriendlytone(conversationallanguage) SelectingGoals Craft Includefactsanddetailsininformationalwriting Puttogethertherelateddetailsonatopicinatext Putthefactsorinformationinorder Writestoriesthathaveabeginning,aseriesofthingshappening,andanending Presentideasinlogicalsequence Introduceideasfollowedbysupportivedetailsandexamples Usetimeappropriatelyasanorganizingtool Providesupportivedescription,details,orexamplestoexplaintheimportantideas Understandthatthewriterisusinglanguagetocommunicatemeaning Showevidenceofusingbooklanguageorlanguagefromothertexts Learnnewwordsorphrasesfromreadingandtrythemoutinwriting Writeinthewayonewouldspeakabouttheexperience,event,ortopic Shareonesthoughtsandfeelingsaboutatopic
Writeaboutwhatisknownandremembered Conventions Understandthattheprintandpicturescanbeplacedinavarietyofplacesonthepage withinabook Placewordsinlines,startinglefttoright,toptobottom Understandthatlayoutofprintandillustrationsareimportantinconveyingthemeaning ofatext Usespacesbetweenwords Useconventionalsentencestructure(noun+verb) Usenounandverbagreement Useprepositionalphrases Usemodifiers Writeinpasttense Writeinfuturetense Demonstrateknowledgeoftheuseofupperandlowercaselettersofthealphabet CapitalizeI Showawarenessofthefirstplacepositionofcapitallettersinwords Useuppercaselettersintitles Useacapitalletterforthefirstwordofasentence Usecapitallettersinthebeginningpositioninafewfamiliar,knownpropernouns Useperiods,exclamationpoints,andquestionmarksasendingmarks Noticetheuseofpunctuationmarksinbooksandtrythemoutinownwriting Readoneswritingaloudandthinkwherepunctuationwouldgo Useconventionalsymbolstowritewords Saywordstobreakthemintosyllablestospellthem Usesomephonogrampatternstogeneratewords Attemptunknownwordsthroughsoundanalysis Saywordsslowlytohearasoundandwritealetterthatrepresentsit Writealetterforeasytohearvowelsounds Representseveralsounds,includingbeginningandending Usesomeinflectionendingssuchassanding Attemptunknownwordsusingknownwordparts Constructphoneticspellingsthatarereadable Includeavowelineachword
Representconsonantblendsanddigraphswithletterclustersinwords Usesimpleresourcestocheckspelling(wordwalls,personalwordlists) Leaveappropriatespacebetweenwords Holdpencilorpenwithsatisfactorygrip Returntotheleftmargintostartanewline Usepreferredhandconsistentlyforwriting Writelefttorightinlines Writelettersandwordsthatcanbeeasilyread Writelettersingroupstoformwords Formupperandlowercaselettersefficientlyinmanuscriptprint Formupperandlowercaselettersproportionatelyinmanuscriptprint Assessandusesimpleprogramsonthecomputer(easywordprocessing,games) Locateletterkeysonacomputerkeyboardtotypesimplemessages WritingProcess Thinkaboutthepurposeforwritingeachtext Writeforaspecificpurpose Considerhowthepurposeaffectsthekindofwriting Writenameanddateonwriting Tellwhetherapieceofwritingisastoryoraninformationaltext Writewithanunderstandingthatitismeanttobereadbyothers Thinkaboutthepeoplewhowillreadthewritingandwhattheywillwanttoknow Includeinformationthatthereaderswillneedtounderstandthetext Generateandexpandideasthroughtalkwithpeersandteacher Lookforideasandtopicsinpersonalexperiences,sharedthroughtalk Usestorytellingtogenerateandrehearselanguage(thatmaybewrittenlater) Tellstoriesinchronologicalorder Retellstoriesinchronologicalorder Usedrawingtoshareorrememberthinking Choosetopicsthatoneknowsaboutorcaresabout Choosetopicsthatareinteresting Selectinformationthatwillsupportthetopic Stayfocusedonatopic
Drafting/Revising Usedrawingtotellaboutatopicortellastory Useswordsanddrawingtocomposeastory Writeacontinuousmessageonasimpletopic Addwords,phrases,orsentencestomakethewritingmoreinterestingorexcitingto read Adddialoguetoprovideinformationorprovidenarration(inquotesorspeechballoons) Reorderpagesbylayingthemoutandreassemblingthem EditingandProofreading Checkandcorrectletterformationororientation Editforspellingerrorsbymakinganotherattempt Recognizethattheteacheristhefinaleditorwhowillmaketheeditsthewriterhasnot yetlearnedhowtodopriortopublishing Usebeginningreferencetools(wordwallsorpersonalwordlists) Publishing Createdrawingsforpiecesofwriting Sharewritingbyreadingittotheclass SketchingandDrawing Createdrawingsthatarerelatedtothewrittentextandincreasereadersunderstanding andenjoyment Usedrawingstorepresentpeople,places,things,andideas Addorremovedetailstodrawingstoreviseinformation ViewingSelfAsAWriter Takerisksasawriter Viewselfasawriter Produceaquantityofwritingwithinthetimeavailable Keepworkingindependentlyratherthanwaitingforteacherinstructions Makeattemptstosolveownproblems Takeonwritingindependently
PHONICS,SPELLING,&WORDSTUDY EarlyLiteraryConcepts Locatethefirstandlastlettersofwordsincontinuoustext Understandthatyousayonewordforonegroupofletterswhenyouread Understandtheconceptofsentence(asagroupofwordswithendingpunctuation) Understandtheconceptsofletterandword(asasinglecharacterorgroupofletters) Understandtheconceptsoffirstandlastinwrittenlanguage Uselefttorightdirectionalityofprintandreturntoleftinreadingandwriting Usespacesbetweenwordswhenwriting Matchonespokentoonewrittenwordwhilereadingandwriting PhonologicalAwareness Segmentsentencesintowords Hearandrecognizewordboundaries Hear,say,connect,andgeneraterhymingwords Blendtwotofourphonemesinwords Segmentwordsintophonemes Connectwordsbythesounds Manipulatephonemes Hearandsaysyllables LetterKnowledge Distinguishletterforms Makeconnectionsbetweenwordsbyrecognizingletters,letterclusters,andlettersequences Recognizeandproducethenamesofmostoftheupperandlowercaseletters Identifyawordthatbeginswiththesoundofeachletter Recognizeconsonantsandvowels Recognizelettersthatareembeddedinwordsandincontinuoustext Understandalphabeticalorder Understandspecialusesofletters(capitalletters,initials) Useefficientandconsistentmotionstoformletterswhenwriting Letter/SoundRelationships Recognizeandbeginbeginningconsonantsoundsandthelettersthatrepresentthemtoreadand writewords Recognizethatletterclustersrepresentconsonantsounds Hearandidentifylongandshortvowelsoundsinwordsandthelettersthatrepresentthem Recognizeanduseothervowelsounds
SpellingPatterns Recognizeandusealargenumberofphonograms Recognizethatwordshaveletterpatternsthatareconnectedtosounds Recognizeandusetheconsonantvowelconsonantpattern HighfrequencyWords Readacoreofatleastfiftyhighfrequencywords WordMeaning Recognizeanduseconceptwords Recognizeandusesimplecompoundwords Recognizeandusesynonyms Recognizeanduseantonyms Recognizeandusesimplehomophones WordStructure Understandtheconceptofpluralsandpluralforms:addings,addinges Recognizeanduseendingsthataddstoaverbtomakeitagreewiththesubject Recognizeanduseendingsthataddingtoaverbtodenotethepresentparticiple Recognizeanduseendingsthataddedtoaverbtomakeitpasttense Recognizeandunderstandcontractionswitham,is,will,not Recognizeandusepossessivesthataddanapostropheandanstoasingularnoun Removetheendingfromabasewordtomakeanewword WordsolvingActions Useknownwordstohelpinspellingnewwords Makeconnectionsbetweennamesandotherwords Recognizeandlocatewords Recognizeandspellknownwordsquickly
GUIDEDREADING FountasandPinnellLevelD ThinkingWithintheText Recognizeeasyhighfrequencywordsandsimpleregularwordseasilywithsupportofmeaning andlanguagestructure Locatethefirstandlastlettersofwordsincontinuoustext Noticethebeginningletterofaword,connecttoasound,andsaythefirstsoundofaword Uselettersoundinformationincoordinationwithmeaningandlanguagestructuretosolve words Saywordsslowlytoidentifyfirstsound,connecttoletter,andlocatethewordinatext Recognizetenormorehighfrequencywordswithincontinuoustext Makeconnectionsbetweenwordsbyletters,sounds,orspellingpatterns Useknownwordstomakeconnectionsandsolvewords Selfmonitorandselfcorrectreadingusinginitiallettersandconnectionstosounds Selfmonitorandselfcorrectreadingusinginitiallettersandconnectionstosounds Useknownwordstoselfmonitorandselfcorrect ThinkingBeyondtheText Useknowledgeoflanguagestructuretoanticipatethetext Makepredictionsusinginformationfrompicturesorphotographs Predicttheendingofastorybasedonreadingthebeginningandmiddle Makepredictionsbasedonpersonalexperiencesandknowledge Makepredictionsbasedoninformationgainedthroughreading Makeanddiscussconnectionsbetweentextsandreaderspersonalexperiencesorknowledge Identifynewinformationintextorpicturesorphotographs Remembernewinformationfordiscussion Talkaboutcharactersfeelingsandmotives Showevidenceintheprintorpicturestosupportinference ThinkingAbouttheText Noticeandpointoutconnectionsbetweentextandpicturesorphotographs Realizestorieshaveabeginningandanend Understandhowtheideasinatextarerelatedtothetitle Shareopinionsaboutthetextasawhole
Shareopinionsaboutillustrationsorphotographs FountasandPinnellLevelE ThinkingWithintheText Recognizealargenumberofregularwordsandeasyhighfrequencywordswithsupportof meaningandlanguagestructure Locatethefirstandlastlettersofwordsincontinuoustext Saywordsslowlytoidentifyfirstsound,connecttoletter,andlocatethewordinatext TakeapartwordsbyusingthesoundsofindividuallettersinwordswithCVCpatterns Recognizetwentyormorehighfrequencywordswithincontinuoustextquickly Makeconnectionsbetweenwordsbyletters,sounds,orspellingpatterns Rereadasentencetoproblemsolve,selfcorrect,orconfirm Selfmonitoraccuracyandselfcorrectusingknownwords,lettersoundinformationandword parts Crosscheckonekindofinformationagainstanothertomonitorandselfcorrectreading Useknownwordstoselfmonitorandselfcorrect Noticedetailsinpicturesorphotographsanduseinformationtounderstandthetext Processtextswithsimpledialogueandsomepronouns,allassignedtospeakers Rereadtosearchforanduseinformation Notice,searchfor,remember,anddiscussinformationthatisimportanttounderstanding Usetextmeaningandlanguagestructuretosolvenewwords Identifyandreadphrasesaswordgroups Noticeandusequotationmarksandreflectdialoguewiththevoice Demonstrateappropriatestressonwordsinasentence ThinkingBeyondtheText Useknowledgeoflanguagestructuretoanticipatethetext Makepredictionsusingpictureinformation Predictthednginofastorybasedonreadingthebeginningandmiddle Makepredictionsbasedonpersonalexperiencesandknowledge Makepredictionsbasedoninformationgainedthroughreading Makeanddiscussconnectionsbetweentextsandreaderspersonalexperiencesorknowledge Recognizeandapplyattributesofrecurringcharacterswhererelevant Showevidenceinthetextofnewideasorinformation
ThinkingAbouttheText Noticehowthewriterhasmadeastorfunnyorsurprising Identifyandappreciatehumorinatext Understandanddiscusshowwritersuseinterestingcharactersandsituations Shareopinionsaboutthetextasawhole Shareopinionsaboutillustrationsorphotographs Identifythetexttypeasfictionorinformational FountasandPinnellLevelF ThinkingWithintheText Recognizemostwordsquickly Removetheendingfrombasewordstosolvenewwords Recognizefiftyormorehighfrequencywordswithincontinuoustextautomatically Usewordpartstoefficientlytakewordsapartwhilereadingformeaning Makeconnectionsbetweenwordsbyletters,sounds,orspellingpatterns Uselanguagestructure,meaning,andvisualinformationinacoordinatedwaytosolvewords Selfcorrectclosertothepointoferror Rereadaphrasetoproblemsolve,selfcorrect,orconfirm Uselettersoundrelationshipsandwordpartstomonitorandselfcorrectreading ThinkingBeyondtheText Useknowledgeoflanguagestructuretoanticipatethetext Predicttheendingofastorybasedonreadingthebeginningandmiddle Makepredictionsbasedonpersonalexperiencesandknowledge Makepredictionsbasedoninformationgainedthroughreading Makepredictionsbasedonknowledgeofcharactersortypeofstory Makeanddiscussconnectionsbetweentextsthathavebeenreadorheard Recognizeandapplyattributesofrecurringcharacterswhererelevant Inferanddiscusscharactersfeelings,motives,andattributes Interpretcausesforfeelings,motives,oractions Showempathyforcharactersandinfertheirfeelingsandmotivations ThinkingAbouttheText Understandwhatthewriterhasdonetomakeatextsurprising,funny,orinteresting Recognizewhetheratextisfictionornonfiction
Recognizewhetheratextisrealisticfictionorfantasy Recognizeaninformationaltextbyitsfeatures Recognizeanddiscusshowprintlayoutorfeaturesareusedtoreflectmeaning Expressopinionsaboutatextandstatereasons Expressopinionsaboutthequalityoftheillustrations Expressopinionsabouttheinformationinatext Makejudgmentsaboutcharactersoreventsinatext FountasandPinnellLevelH ThinkingWithintheText Uselettersoundrelationshipsinsequencetosolvemorecomplexnewwords Useconsonantandvowelsoundletterrelationshipstosolvewords Useknownwordsandwordpartstosolveunknownwords Makeconnectionsbetweenwordsbyletters,sounds,orspellingpatterns ThinkingBeyondtheText Useknowledgeoflanguagestructuretoanticipatethetext Bringknowledgefrompersonalexperiencestotheinterpretationofcharactersandevents Demonstratelearningnewcontentfromreading Showempathyforcharactersandinfertheirfeelingsandmotivations Infercausesandeffectsasimpliedinthetext ThinkingAbouttheText Understandwhatthewriterhasdonetomakeatextsurprising,funny,orinteresting Discusscharacteristicsofgenres Discusswhetherastorycouldbetrueandtellwhy Identifyapointinthestorywhentheproblemisresolved Identifypartsofatext Shareopinionsaboutthetextasawhole Expressopinionsaboutthequalityofatext Expressopinionsaboutthequalityoftheillustrationsorphotographs Noticehowtheillustrationsorphotographsareconsistentwithmeaningandextendthemeaning Agreeordisagreewiththeideasinatext Makejudgmentsaboutcharacters,events,orideasinatext