Rewrite each sentence using the words given.

KEY
1. MODALS
1. Jessica doesn’t know how to cook.
Jessica can’t cook
2. Perhaps, I’ll go out later.
I may/might go out later
3. Experience is required for this job.
You need experience for this job
4. It’s a good idea to consult a doctor when you are ill.
You should consult a doctor when you are ill
5. You are not allowed to smoke here.
You mustn’t smoke here
1. CONDITIONALS
1. I passed the exam only because Tom had helped me.
If Tom hadn’t helped me, I wouldn’t have passed the exam.
2. People don’t like Sally because she tells lies.
If Sally didn’t tell lies, people would like her.
3. The author will complete the book on time, but he needs an agent’s help.
Unless the author has an agent’s help, he won’t complete the book on time.
4. The only way to get a room at that hotel is to book in advance.
Unless you book in advance, you won’t get a room at the hotel.
5. I would wear my new shoes, but they aren’t comfortable.
If my new shoes were comfortable, I would wear them.
1. THE PASSIVE VOICE
1. He’s thought to be a very talented musician.
People think he is a very talented musician.
2. You must send her the letter immediately.
The letter must be sent immediately.
3. Is your older brother washing the car now?
Is the car being washed now by your older brother?
4. They believe chocolate is a good source of energy.
It is believed that chocolate is a good source of energy/ Chocolate is believed to be a good
source of energy.
5. Did Alexander Graham Bell invent the telephone?
Was the telephone invented by Graham Bell?

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2. REPORTED SPEECH
a. “Take me home now!” Jill said to Brenda.
Jill said to Brenda to take her home then.
b. “Do you think it will rain” Karen asked her mum.
Karen asked her mum if she thought it would rain
c. “I’ll see you tomorrow.” Lisa said.
Lisa said she would see me/us the next day.
d. The collector asked whether anyone had got the rare stamp.
“Has anyone got the rare stamp?” the collector asked.
e. Mrs White mentioned that she needed a fridge.
“I need a fridge”, Mrs White mentioned.

3. RELATIVE CLAUSES

1. Wendy was in a road accident. Wendy’s feeling much better.

Wendy, who was in a road accident, is feeling much better.
2. Shelley wore new sunglasses. She bought them in Rome.
Shelley wore new sunglasses which /that he bought in Rome.
3. This is Hampton. I was born here.
This is Hampton, where I was born.
4. Karl doesn’t know what to do with the puppies. His dog had ten puppies.
Karl, whose dog had ten puppies, doesn’t know what to do with them.
5. Computers are machines. They make our lives easier.
Computers, which make our lives easier, are machines.

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 Rewrite each sentence using the words given.
4. MODALS
1. Is it possible for dogs to swim?
Can dogs swim?
2. It is necessary for Debbie to study all day tomorrow.
Debbie has to study all day tomorrow
3. It wasn’t possible for Eric to call last night.
Eric couldn’t call last night.
4. She is thinking about taking guitar lessons.
She may/might take guitar lessons.
5. I’m sure that’s not Karen.
She can’t be Karen

7. CONDITIONALS
1. Sue didn’t miss the train because I woke her up in time.
If I hadn’t woken Sue up in time, she would have missed the train.
2. Brenda was late for the meeting because there was a traffic jam.
If there hadn’t been a traffic jam, Brenda wouldn’t have been late for the meeting.
1. The plumber couldn’t fix the tap. He didn’t bring the right tools.
If the plumber had brought the right tools, he would have fixed the tap.
2. She is not here, so she can’t help us with the decorations.
If she were here, she could help us with the decorations.
3. If it is cold, we won’t go to the beach on Saturday.
Unless it is not cold, we won’t go to the beach on Saturday.

8. THE PASSIVE VOICE

1. A valuable painting has been stolen from the museum.

They have stolen a valuable painting from the museum.
2. An ancient ship has been found by divers.
Divers have found an ancient ship.
3. Students will speak only English on English Day.
Only English will be spoken on English Day.
4. A poem was being read when I arrived.
Someone was reading a poem when I arrived.
5. We are not going to give her a present this year.

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 She is not going to be given a present this year.

9. REPORTED SPEECH
1. “Portuguese is the official language of Brazil”, the teacher declared.
The teacher declared Portuguese was the official language in Brazil.
2. “You have to babysit tonight,” Mr Green told his son.
Mr Green told his son he had to babysit that night.
3. Brad said, “Let’s not walk home. I’m too tired.”
Braid said not to walk home. He was too tired.
4. Jack’s parents advised him to be careful on the hike.
“Be careful on the bike” Jack’s parents advised him.
5. He said not to touch the wet paint.
“Don’t touch the wet paint”, he said.

10. RELATIVE CLAUSES

1. This is the restaurant. My father asked my mother to marry him here.

This is the restaurant where my father asked my mother to marry him.
2. The city library is a place. People can spend hours there.
The city library is a place where people can spend hours.
3. My history notebook is lost. We are looking for it.
We are looking for my history notebook which is lost.
4. The news is at 6.00.I usually get home at 6.00
I usually get home when the news is.
5. My sister is a flight attendant. She travels all over the world.
My sister is a flight attendant who travels all over the world. / My sister, who is a flight
attendant, travels all over the world.

Rewrite each sentence using the words given.

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11. MODALS
1. Jane knows how to swim.
Jane can swim.
2. Robert hasn’t decided yet, but perhaps he’ll join the police after school.
Robert may join the police after school.
3. There’s a possibility that I will travel abroad next summer.
I might travel abroad next summer.
4. It’s a good idea that Debby study interior design since she’s so talented.
Debby should study interior design since she’s so talented.
5. It’s forbidden to walk on the grass.
You mustn’t walk on the grass.
12. WISH
1. Theresa hopes her neighbours will be friendlier in the future.
Theresa wishes her neighbours would be friendlier in the future.
2. What a shame we were unable to get on the flight we wanted.
We wish we had been able to get on the flight we wanted.
3. I’m sorry I didn’t buy the tickets earlier; I could have gone to the theatre.
I wish I had gone to the theatre before.
4. Martha wants to go to England this summer, but she can’t’.
Martha wishes he could go to England this summer.
5. Tommy would like to be a better sportsman.
Tommy wishes he would be a better sportsman.

13. THE PASSIVE VOICE

1. Someone is following me.
I am being followed.
2. Someone else was tidying the kitchen when Mum came home.
The kitchen was being tidied when Mum came home.
3. Someone can hang the laundry outside.
The laundry can be hung outside.

4. People say Collin is the best person for the job.

It is said that Collin is the best person for the job. / Collin is said to be.....
5. Someone told me there is a party on Thursday night.
I was told there is a party on Thursday night.

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14. REPORTED SPEECH

1. “I have visited Italy three times this year,” Pete said.

Pete said he had visited Italy three times that year.
2. “Has anyone called an ambulance?” asked the policeman.
The policeman asked if someone had called an ambulance.
3. “I’m sure that I left my schoolbag here,” said the boy to the shopkeeper.
The boy said to the shopkeeper he was sure that he had left his schoolbag there.
4. Martha suggested that we call a taxi.
Martha suggested calling a taxi.
5. The receptionist announced that the flight to Toronto would leave in five minutes.
“The flight to Toronto will leave in five minutes”, the receptionist announced.

15. RELATIVE CLAUSES

1. Charlie works in a bank. His flat is above ours.

Charlie, whose flat is above ours, works in a bank.
2. The chair is broken. You are sitting on that chair.
You are going to sit on the chair which is broken.
3. Where is the cake? You bought it for the party.
Where is the cake that/which you bought for the party?
4. Sammy has already finished school. He is a year older than I am.
Sammy, who has already finished school, is a year older than I am.
5. Meet me at the corner. The pizza shop and the bank are there.
Meet me at the corner where the pizza and the bank are.

Rewrite each sentence using the words given.

16. MODALS

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1. There is a possibility that someone gives us free tickets to the Madonna concert.
Someone might give us free tickets to the Madonna concert.
2. I don’t think it is a good idea for her to wear jeans to the wedding.
She shouldn’t wear jeans to the wedding.
3. Is it possible for you to take me to the airport tomorrow?
May you take me to the airport tomorrow?
4. It isn’t necessary for Linda to go to the library.
Linda needn’t go to the library.
5. I think it is a good idea for Bill to go to see the dentist about his toothache.
Bill should go to see the dentist.

17. WISH
1. Shirley is really sorry that she can’t go out to dinner with Rob tonight.
Shirley wishes she could go out to dinner with Rob tonight.
2. It’s a pity that my brother moved so far away.
I wish my brother hadn’t moved so far away.
3. I’m sure Julie was sorry she didn’t work harder at school.
Julie wishes she had worked harder at school.
4. I hope the weather will get cold enough for snow.
I wish the weather would get cold enough for snow.
5. I want to buy a MP4 player. I don’t have enough money to buy it.
I wish I could have enough money to buy a MP4 player.

18. THE PASSIVE VOICE

1. Lee Harvey Oswald killed the American President John. F. Kennedy.
The American President John F. Kennedy was killed by Lee Harvey Oswald.
2. Did they pay Jeremy for his work?
Was Jeremy paid for his work?

3. People don’t often compliment Sue on her good marks.

Sue is not often complimented on her good marks.

4. They will interview all the applicants tomorrow.

All the applicants will be interviewed tomorrow.
5. Nobody could have seen you.

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 You couldn’t have been seen.

19. REPORTED SPEECH

1. “You will see the stage better from here,” Laura said to me.
Laura told me I would see the stage better from there.
2. “I don’t eat meat any more,” Mike said.
Mike declared he didn’t eat meat any more.
3. “Was there a sale here last week?” Mary asked.
Mary wanted to know if there was a sale there the week before.
4. Dennis asked why I hadn’t gone to the party.
“Why haven’t you gone to the party?” Dennis asked.
5. The bank robbers told everyone not to move.
“Don’t move”, the bank robbers told everyone.

20. RELATIVE CLAUSES

1. Jane gave me the phone number of a woman. The woman makes jewellery.
Jane gave me the phone number of a woman who/ that makes jewellery.
2. You should visit the botanical garden. Fifty varieties of roses are grown there.
You should visit the botanical garden where fifty varieties of roses are grown.
3. Russell Crowe was in the film “Gladiator”. He also starred in “A Beautiful Mind”.
Russell Crowe who starred in “A Beautiful Mind”, was in the film “Gladiator”
4. I work in a doctor’s office. It is a very busy office.
I work in a doctor’s office which/that is very busy.
5. My grandmother gave me some poems. My grandfather had written them.
My grandmother gave me some poems which /that my grandfather had written.

Rewrite each sentence using the words given.

21. MODALS
1. Do you know how to speak French?
Can you speak French?
2. Did she know how to ice-skate when she was a young girl?
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 Could she ice-skate when she was a young girl?
3. There is no need for us to take a present.
We don’t need to take a present.
4. It’s advisable to keep your dog on a lead when you take it for a walk.
You should keep your dog on a lead when you take it for a walk.
5. Drinking and driving is forbidden
You mustn’t drink and drive.
22. CONDITIONALS
1. If it doesn’t snow this weekend, we won’t go to the mountains.
Unless it snows this weekend, we won’t go to the mountains.
2. Unless you are able to pick me up. I’ll catch a bus home.
If you don’t pick me up, I’ll catch a bus home.
3. Bill doesn’t take his medicine, so he coughs.
If Bill took his medicine he wouldn’t cough.
1. She forgot her Discman, so she didn’t listen to music on the bus.
If she hadn’t forgotten her Discman, she could have listened to music on the bus.

23. THE PASSIVE VOICE

1. Mary’s parents allowed her to stay out late for the end-of-year party.
Mary was allowed to stay out late for the end-of-year party.
2. Over the years, many more people have attended self-defence courses.
Self-defence courses have been attended by many more people over the years.
3. Andrew had taken over 200 photos by the time the party ended.
Over 200 photos had been taken by Andrew by the time the party ended.
4. We don’t have to make a decision tonight.
A decision doesn’t have to be taken tonight.
5. Is the mechanic repairing you car today?
Is your car being repaired today by the mechanic?

24. REPORTED SPEECH

1. “You can discuss this problem with me.” Jane said to Bob.
Jane told Bob he could discuss that problem with her.
2. “Don’t touch the parrot,” the pet-shop owner told us.
The pet-shop owner warned not to touch the parrot.
3. “Can you help me with maths tomorrow?” Sharon asked me.

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 Sharon wondered if I could help her with maths the next day.
4. I suggested going to the new Chinese restaurant.
“Let’s go to the new Chinese restaurant”, I suggested.
5. They told us that they had met on a bus the year before.
“We met on the bus last year”, they told us.

25. RELATIVE CLAUSES

1. He is the scientist who does AIDS research. His research has helped many people.
He is the scientist whose AIDS research has helped many people.
2. I usually like Madonna’s music. She has just released a new CD.
I usually like Madonna’s music, who has just released a new CD.
3. In northern Canada it is extremely cold all winter. There is a hotel there made of ice.
In northern Canada, where there is a hotel there made of ice, it is extremely cold all
winter.
10. It will take many years for new trees to grown there. The old trees cut down in that place.
It will take many years for new trees to grown where the old trees were cut down.

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