Assignment-2 ( 7.

5 marks) (Due date for submission: 9th April 2014 by 11 AM)

Creep Deformation-Mechanism Maps

Question: Construct creep deformation-mechanism maps in terms of

d vs. b G
for pure nickel metal at two different temperatures, T=773 K and 1373 K by considering various creep mechanisms which may operate for a range of grain sizes from 10 nm to 1 m and a range of stresses from 10-2 to 102 MPa. And then show two contours of constant strain rates, 10-8 s-1 and 10-4 s-1 in the constructed maps for two different temperatures. Comment on the effect of temperature on mechanism fields in the maps. Given below are the rate equations for various creep mechanisms and experimental data of pure nickel: Rate equations for various creep mechanisms: (i) Power-law creep

Where

Lattice diffusion (Dl) is dominant at high temperatures whereas pipe diffusion becomes dominant at lower temperatures; accordingly high temperature climb and low temperature climb creep mechanisms. (ii) Nabarro-Herring diffusional creep

(iii)

Coble diffusion creep

(iv)

Harper-Dorn creep

Page 1 of 2

Experimental data of pure nickel and other data: (i) (ii) (iii) Burgers vector, b = 2.49 10-10 m Melting temperature, Tm = 1726 K Shear modulus at T = 300 K, G0 = 78.9 GPa Temperature dependence of modulus, But, = -0.64

(iv)

Lattice diffusion

(v)

Boundary diffusion

Where is the effective thickness of the grain boundary. (vi) Pipe (or core) diffusion

Where ac is the cross-sectional area of the dislocation core. (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) (xi) (xii) Stress exponent, n = 4.6 Dorn constant, AD = 3 106 Nabarro-Herring constant, ANH = 28 Coble constant, ACO = 33 Harper-Dorn constant, AHD = 1.67 10-11 Boltzmann constant, k = 1.38 10-23 Source: H.J. Frost and M.F. Ashby, Deformation-Mechanism Maps: The plasticity and creep of metals and ceramics, Pergamon Press, UK (1982).

Page 2 of 2