ANIMALS: FROM CELLS

Cell Specialization and Tissues

TO

SYSTEMS

PLEASE
2

TAKE OUT YOUR TEXTBOOK

LEARNING GOALS
1. 2. 3.

Take summary notes. Factors that influence cell specialization in animals.

Animal cell tissues

SUCCESS CRITERIA
1.

Explain three factors that contribute to a cells specialization Formulate a relationship between a cells appearance and its function.

2.

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE CELL SPECIALIZATION IN ANIMALS

1. 2. 3.

The contents of the cells cytoplasm Environmental conditions, such as temperature The influence of neighbouring cells

OPEN
5

YOUR TEXTBOOK TO PAGE

85

Create a graphic organizer to compile information about influencing factors

SAMPLE GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS

1. EFFECT

OF

CYTOPLASM

Through cell division, cells receive identical sets of chromosomes, but the contents of their cytoplasm may differ. Example: a daughter cell may have more storage vacuoles to allow it to use more energy as it grows.

7
Figure 1

2. EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

Environmental conditions like temperature and nutrient availability can explain why cells with identical genes will develop differently. Example: in Siamese cats, only cells that develop at their feet, tail, nose and ears produce dark hair colours because of cooler body temperatures.

8
Figure 2

3. EFFECT OF NEIGHBOURING CELLS

Nearby cells have one of the biggest influences on what a cell will become because the substances produced by one cell can diffuse through a neighbouring cells membrane and change how the information in the DNA gets expressed.
Example, neighbouring cells influence eye development in the developing embryo of a chick

Figure 2 Figure 3

ABNORMAL

DEVELOPMENT

Environmental factors are often responsible when normal development goes wrong.

Chemical contaminants in the environment have been shown to trigger abnormal development.
Example: In humans, about 90% of problems in developing embryos can be traced to a mothers exposure to harmful substances, such as heavy metal.
10

GROUPS

OF

SPECIALIZED

CELLS

Groups of cells tissues Groups of tissues organs

Groups of organs organism (us!)

11

OPEN
12

YOUR TEXTBOOK TO PAGE

88

Tissue Sleuth Activity

ANSWER KEY
Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : : : : : : : : : cardiac muscle smooth muscle skin epithelia fat (adipose tissue) neurons blood skeletal muscle bone columnar epithelia

13

14

15

16

REFERENCES
Figure 1: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/HHV-6_inclusion_bodies.jpg Figure 2: http://images.cdn.fotopedia.com/flickr-4827306747-hd.jpg figure 3: http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2403/1659733834_5cb59641f8_z.jpg?zz=1

17