Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
th 14 ,
2014
Grab the worksheets as you enter Webpage EQs Spring Breaks?! Agenda
Review Feudalism Black Plague notes! Worksheet
Feudal Society
Feudalism - Review
In a feudal society, what is the most valuable thing that you can own? What position or social class connects the King to the peasants?
they could cultivate. A population crisis developed. Climate changes in Europe produced three years of crop failures between 1315-17 because of excessive rain. As many as 15% of the peasants in some English villages died. One consequence of starvation & poverty was susceptibility to disease.
Features of the Fourteenth century life encouraged the spread of the plague
Thatched roofs Straw on floors and in bedding Woolen clothing
provided nesting and food for infected black rats and fleas Household trash Livestock kept near or in home
Long distance Christian pilgrimages March of armies Nobles moving from manor to manor Crowded villages
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lDwiLdEKyu0&feature=relmfu
Human is infected!
The Symptoms
Buboes
Septicemic Form:
almost 100% mortality rate.
Attacks blood and brain - dead within 24 hours.
It Is No Great Matter [Whether the Cause is Heavenly or Earthly] if Only We May Know How to Resist It
Medical Treatments
Lancing a Buboe
A Doctors Robe
Leeching
Historical Impact
Short Term
Labor Shortage Mini-boom in the Slave Trade Wages and therefore standard of living rose Emergence of Flagellants Persecution of Jews Rise of vernacular languages Decay of Latin because teachers and clergy died Loss faith in the church allows for later breakdown
Historical Impact
Long Term
Establishment of government-controlled public health boards
Government better reaction and help than church
Use of quarantine University-oriented training for medical professional Change in settlement patterns
Eastward migration of Jewish communities fleeing the plague and the accompanying persecutions
Arts
Cultural Effects
Painting of plague-protecting saints Dance of Death Anti-Authoritarian attitudesmore innovative Began to write in vernacular languages, not just Latin, the language of the Church
Violence
Twice as many homicides occurred in England in the 20 year period after 1349 than between 1320 and 1340, even though the population had drastically declined.
Political Effects
Breakdown of Feudal Society had a lasting effect
Many nobles and vassals were killed allowing kings to create nation-states
Nation-State- an early development of a country; smaller than a nation, larger than a state.
Political Effects
As the church lost power and influence, monarchies (Kings) gained more control over the people that they protected
Kings raised taxes to wage wars (England & France wont stop fighting over land!)
Nobles revolted against the King and forced the King of England to agree to the Magna Carta: guaranteed basic political rights to the people.
Economic Effects
Immediate Effect: huge death toll created labor shortage
No one to farm, build, bury the dead, etc.
Religious Effects
The Great Schism: 2 popes, the church splits,
weakens.
The Crusades
Contact with Byzantine and Muslims libraries that housed ancient Greek texts (Socrates, Aristotle) brought a new interested in knowledge and learning
(science, philosophy, law, mathematics, navigation, weaponry)
From this universities start to develop. As more people study, vernacular language, or everyday language replaces Latin when reading, writing, speaking, etc.
The common man has access to information that was once exclusive to priests/church
I & F Created the Inquisition (court) and used their power to suppress heresy (people speaking against the church) which outlawed anyone whos beliefs went against Christianity
The Spanish Inquisition expelled all Muslims and Jews from Spain and unified Spain
Social Effects
The Feudal System was dismantled
With few serfs left they were free to leave the lords land to find work
Social Effects
Land, the primary source of wealth, became worthless
Money became important Middle-class grew, nobles declined
Anti-Semitism grew
Flagellants killed 8,000 Jews- 200 in one day Witches and lepers also became scapegoats
Flagellanti:
Self-inflicted penance for our sins!
Jew hat
In time, the social upheaval of the post Plague years, the questioning attitudes, and increased individualism, all lead to the greatest flowering of culture and knowledge in European history the Renaissance. The Renaissance in Italy shows the extraordinary resilience of human society, a tenacity and creative energy that sustained it through the Plagues darkest years. It was as if Europe had suddenly switched off and then back on again and the Black Death had done that.