The NSA

The NSA simplified.

Joey Redmond and Tyler Rochelle

Background
One of the most Top Secret Government Agencies Most operations were unknown to the public until 2013 Headquartered in Fort Meade, MD
(National Security Agency.)

(Sullivan)

Creation
Officially established by President Truman in 1952 Formed based on a study performed assessing American Communication Intelligence Only used to break codes initially Ended the Armed Forces Security Agency (AFSA) to merge military and nonmilitary interests
(National Security Agency.)

Misinformation
Agency unknown to the public for nearly 20 years Snowden Leaks in 2013 Media attention is biased
(60 Minutes)

(Wolpert- Gawron)

What Can the NSA Do?

Only monitor U.S. Citizens with Probable Cause Monitor Known Terrorists in Foreign Countries Access phone and email communication records Only Spy on who they are instructed to
(60 Minutes)

(Handelsman)

Historical News
MINARET Operation in Late 60s Church Committee Hearings as a result Intercepted communication that Libya was behind the 1986 Berlin Discotheque Bombing In 1999, European Parliament praised the NSA
(National Security Agency.)

(National Security Agency)

2013 Scandal
NSAs operations leaked by Edward Snowden Reported that NSA can spy on all American citizens Claimed President Obama was behind it all
(National Security Agency.)

(Shel)

Snowden
Edward Joseph Snowden, born Elizabeth City NC, 1983 Compiled information and documents over span of several months while employed by NSA. Left for China,then left moscow where he waited to gain asylum in Moscow airport and currently resides in Russia.

Edward Joseph Snowden.

Snowden Cont.
Previously employed by CIA, and Booz Allen Hamilton. Leaked the information on June 9th 2013. Exposed multiple programs that collect data. Worked in the Oahu offices in Hawaii. Was a high school dropout.
Edward Joseph Snowden.

Understanding NSA
The NSA has made attempts to monitor data and to stop attacks on the US before they happen. With the current infrastructure, they have done this multiple times. They have tried to remain secret to avoid controversy. Stopping all terrorists acts are their main goals, as well as finding people that are wanted.

The Verge.

Understanding NSA
The NSA has approached major companies and have ordered them to comply with government laws. NSA uses splitting to collect information. When an email is sent it travels through servers of companies and suppliers. They have wires and fiber optics that transfer data. The NSA has splitters on every large internet giant listed.
The Verge.

Understanding NSA
The NSA uses their many projects to collect information. Two kinds of data, Metadata and Content. Metadata is Data about Data how data was collected and is formatted. Content is what is in the data, what it is in Ted Talks. holding and storing.

Understanding NSA
PRISM is the largest known content harvester. Multiple Metadata and Content projects used by NSA. Operates under 702 of the FISA Amendments Act and section 215 of the Patriot Act
The Verge.

FISA/Patriot Act
Foreign International Surveillance Act, Section 702 permits all programs of the NSA. Allows for Attorney General and the Director of National Intelligence to authorize targeting of person believed to be located outside of the United States. Subject to several limitations, including running consistent with the Fourth Amendment. Patriot Act section 215 allows for wide range of personal material that can now be investigated. Investigation approved by magistrate judge. Any investigation must prove that it does not violate the First Amendment. Section also carries a gag order unless having to talk about investigation to gain evidence of tangible things.
Ted Talks.

Flow Chart

The Verge.

PRISM
PRISM collects Content Data. Uses the fiber optics of server infrastructure and directly taps those lines. Collects data from the servers of these large internet service providers. Collects items like cloud stored data, emails, Voice calls. NSA cannot target reasonable believed US citizens communicating on us soil. Analyst must have 51 percent probability that their target is foreign. Analyst must remove data that is determined to be from US persons but may be retained for up to 5 years.
The NSA files Ted Talks.

PRISM
Analyst inputs selectors PRISM then tasks information from other projects and programs. NUCLEON gathers phone conversations, while MARINA store large amounts of internet Metadata.
Ted Talks.

The NSA files

Web
60 minutes.

Distrust for NSA

Primarily due to misinformation about the Agency Media coverage was very opinionated Most focused on only criticizing Governmental authority
(60 Minutes)

Opinion Shift 06-13

(Perceptions on the Government's Data Collection

Programs)

Emotions Towards the NSA

The NSAs collection program is thought to violate: First Amendment Fourth Amendment

(In Case you forgot) 1st Amendment- Freedom of Speech, Religion, Assembly, Petition, and Protest 4th Amendment- Prohibits Unwarranted Search and Seizure

(Frommer)

The Courts Say...

Ruled in Violation of 4th amend. by Washington Judge Ruled Innocent by New York Judge Supreme Court Dismissed Case**

(Zelman) (Frommer)

Public Opinion

(Yes We Scan!)

Public Opinion

(Perceptions on the Government's Data Collection

Programs)

Conclusion
The NSA is in place to Protect U.S. Citizens While it has had its controversies, it is more misunderstood than it is malicious The NSA is not directly spying on you and I

(National Security Agency)

Works Cited
60 Minutes. Miller, John . CNN. 15 Dec. 2013. Television.

Frommer, Fredric J. "Judge: NSA's Bulk Collection Program Violates 4th Amendment." CNS News. CNS News, 16 Dec. 2013. Web. 20 Apr. 2014.
Handelsman, Matt. The NSA and Your Mom. 2013. Herald Times Cartoons, Bloomington, IN. Herald Times Online. Web. 19 Apr. 2014. "National Security Agency" Welcome to the National Security Agency. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2014. <http://www.nsa.gov/index.shtml>. "National Security Agency." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 16 Apr. 2014. Web. 19 Apr. 2014. <http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/National_Security_Agency Perceptions on the Government's Data Collection Programs. 2013. Pew Research Center, N/A. PewResearch. Web. 19 Apr. 2014. Shel, Allison. Stop Watching Us Protest. 2013. Hufftington Post, Washington, DC.Huffington Post. Web. 19 Apr. 2014. Sulivan, Sean . NSA Headquarters. 2013. Web. Washington Post. Washington, DC. 19 April 2014 Wolpert- Gawron, Heather. Top Secret. 2013. N/A, N/A. Tween Teacher. Web. 19 Apr. 2014. Yes We Scan! 2013. Conservative Thinkers. Web. 19 April 2014

Zelman, Joanna. "Supreme Court Will Likely Rule On NSA Programs, Antonin Scalia And Ruth Bader Ginsburg Suggest." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 17 Apr. 2014. Web. 20 Apr. 2014.

Works Cited
"Edward Joseph Snowden." 2014. The Biography.com Web. Apr 18 2014 <http://www.biography.com/people> Everything you need to know about PRISM. The Verge Web. Apr 18 2014 <http://www.theverge.com.> Edward Snowden: Heres how we take back the internet TedTalks Web. Apr 18 2014 <http://www.ted.com/talks.> The NSA Files. The Guardian Web. Apr 18 2014 <http://theguardian.com>