OTN Transporting Ethernet and SONET/SDH

OTN Signal Structure

OTL type OTL nominal bit rate 255/236 x 9 953 280 kbps = 10 754 603.390 kbps 255/227 x 24 883 200 kbps = 27 952 493.392 kbps 255/227 x 9 953 280 kbps = 11 180 997.357 kbps 1 2 3 4 5 6

ODU Overhead
OTL3.4 OTL4.4

Layers

Information Structure
Client

Lets users support path monitoring (PM), tandem connection monitoring (TCM), and automatic protection switching (APS). Column # FTFL PM/SM/TCMi (i = 1...6)
1 2 3

ODUk Path

Row #

ODUk OH OTUk OH

OTLk.n multiplexes OTUk signals onto n lanes. Each lane is transmitted via one lambda on a single fiber or an individual fiber.
k: supported bit rate (1: 2.7 G; 2: 11 G; 3: 43 G; 4: 112 G) n: number of wavelengths r: reduced functionality (i.e., no non-associated overhead is used)

2 3 4

RES TCM3 GCC1

PM & TCM TCM ACT

Forward direction

OPUk OH

OTL4.10

10

11

12

13

14

Field values for APS channel

0 1 9 10 Request/state 127

TCM6 TCM2 TCM1 APS/PCC

TCM5 PM

TCM4 RES

FTFL EXP

Fault indication Operator identifier Operator specific

Field

Value
1111 1110 1100 1010 1000 0110 0100 0010 0001 0000 Others 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0

Description
Lockout of protection (LO) Forced switch (FS) Signal fail (SF) Signal degrade (SD) Manual switch (MS) Wait-to-restore (WTR) Exercise (EXER) Reverse request (RR) Do not revert (DNR) No request (NR) Reserved for future international standardization No APS channel APS channel 1+1 (permanent bridge) 1:n (no permanent bridge) Unidirectional switching Bidirectional switching Non-revertive operation Revertive operation Null signal Normal traffic signal 1254 Extra traffic signal Null signal Normal traffic signal 1254 Extra traffic signal 63 0 1 15 16 31 32

TTIi
0 x 00

BIP-8i
1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5
6

GCC2

8 8 8

SAPI
0 x 00

BEI/BIAE BEI
2

BDI
5
6 6

STAT
7

TCM
T-BERD/MTS-6000A/8000 ONT Family

API

ODUk TC

Optical Channel

FEC

Backward direction

OTLk.n OTUk Section

OTLk.n

OTLk.n

OTLk.n

Protection type

ODUk PM status interpretation ODUk TCM status interpretation

Optical Transport Modules PM byte 3, bits 6, 7, 8 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 Status reserved for future international standardization normal path signal reserved for future international standardization reserved for future international standardization reserved for future international standardization maintenance signal: ODUk-LCK maintenance signal: ODUk-OCI maintenance signal: ODUk-AIS

B D R

Non-associated OH

DMT1 DMT2 DMT3 DMT4 DMT5 DMT6 DMp RES

OCh OH

OCh Payload

OChr Payload

OChr Payload

OChr Payload

OChr Payload

Optical Channel Transport Lanes

3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Request/ Protection Requested signal Bridged signal Reserved state type A B D R 1 2

128 Fault indication Operator 129 identifier 137

BDI
5

STAT
7

PM SM (OTU)

DAPI

BEI/BIAE Operator specific

BDI

STAT

Operator 138 specific

255 A

PM & TCM

Detection Criteria
(according to ITU-T G.709/G.798)
Abbreviation Alarm/Error
out of frame loss of frame out of multiframe loss of multiframe SM bit-interleaved parity SM backward error indication

Detection Criteria
FAS (bytes 3, 4 and 5) are errored for 5 frames If OOF persists 3 ms MFAS numbers errored for 5 frames If OOM persists 3 ms Mismatch of the recovered and computed BIP-8 covers the OPU and payload SM byte 3, bits 1 to 4: value 0 to 8: BIP error count value 9 to 15: No BIP errors value 11: BIAE active PN-11 sequence covers complete OCh SM byte 3, bit 5 = 1 5 frames SM byte 3, bit 6 = 1 5 frames SM byte 3, bits 1 to 4 = 1011 3 frames Mismatch of the recovered and computed BIP-8 covers the OPU and Payload PM byte 3, bits 1 to 4: value 0 to 8: BIP error count value 9 to 15: No BIP errors PM byte 3, bits 6 to 8 = 111 3 frames and ODU except FTFL filled with All-1s PM byte 3, bits 6 to 8 = 110 3 frames and ODU filled with 0110 0110 ODU PM byte 3, bits 6 to 8 = 101 3 frames and ODU filled with 0101 0101 PM byte 3, bit 5 = 1 5 frames Mismatch of the recovered and computed BIP-8 covers the OPU and payload TCM byte 3, bits 1 to 4: value 0 to 8: BIP error count value 9 to 15: No BIP errors value 11: BIAE active TCM byte 3, bit 5 = 1 5 frames TCM byte 3, bits 1 to 4 = 1011 3 frames

OChr-n

OOF LOF OOM LOM OTU-SM SM-BIP-8 SM-BEI

OSC Optical Channel Carriers Optical Multiplex Unit Optical Transmission Unit OTM-n.m OTM-nr.m OTM-0.m

OTM Overhead

Optical Multiplex Section

TCM byte 3, bits 6, 7, 8 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111

Status no source TC in use without IAE in use with IAE reserved for future international standardization reserved for future international standardization maintenance signal: ODUk-LCK maintenance signal: ODUk-OCI maintenance signal: ODUk-AIS

Fault indication codes

Fault Definition indication code
0000 0000 No fault

BEI/BIAE
OTUk SM BEI/BIAE bits 1, 2, 3, 4
0 ... 8 9 ... 15 11

Optical Transmission Section

n * OTM-0.m (e.g., ribbon cable) n = number of wavelengths m = list of supported bit rates in the OTM (e.g., m = 12 = OTU1 and OTU2)

OTM-0.mvn (e.g., 100GBase-LR4)

Requested 1254 signal 255 0 Bridged 1254 signal 255

Interpretation
BIP error No BIP error BIAE, no BIP error

0000 0001 Signal fail 0000 0010 Signal degraded 0000 0010 Reserved for future international 0000 0010 standardization

OTU-AIS SM-BDI SM-IAE SM-BIAE ODU-PM PM-BIP-8 PM-BEI

OTU alarm indication signal SM backward defect indication SM incoming alignment error SM backward incoming alignment error PM BIP error PM backward error indication

Frame Alignment Signal (FAS)

1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

OTU Overhead
Lets users support section monitoring (SM). For further description, please refer to the optical channel data unit (ODU).
8 1 9 SM 10 11 12 GCC0 13 RES 14

OPU Overhead
The OPU OH regulates the mapping and concatenation of the client signals and provides information on the type of signal transported. Payload structure identifier (PSI): a 256 byte multiframe signal. The PSI[0] contains payload type (PT) information. Mapping and concatenation: PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and concatenation-specific.

ODU-AIS ODU-OCI ODU-LCK PM-BDI ODU-TCM TCMi-BIP-8 TCMi-BEI

ODU AIS ODU open connection indication ODU locked defect PM backward defect indication

FAS

MFAS

FAS byte 1 FAS byte 2 FAS byte 3 FAS byte 4 FAS byte 5 FAS byte 6 0xF6 0xF6 0xF6 0x28 0x28 0x28

MFAS byte 0x00 0xFF

Asynchronous Mapping Procedure (AMP)

Justification bytes JC1/JC2, NJO2/JC(1), and PJO1/PJO2/PJO3 are required for AMP. For BMP, all JC(1)s are 0, NJO(1) is a justification byte, and PJO(1) is a data byte.

Payload type code points (PT)

Hex code 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 11 12 13 14 20 21 55 66 80 - 8F FD FE FF Interpretation Experimental mapping Asynchronous CBR mapping Bit synchronous CBR mapping ATM mapping GFP mapping Virtual concatenated signal 1000Base-X into OPU0 mapping 40GBase-R into OPU3 100GBase-R into OPU4 FC-1200 into ODU2e mapping GFP mapping into extended OPU2 payload STM-1 mapping into ODU0 STM-4 mapping into ODU0 FC-100 mapping into ODU0 FC-200 mapping into ODU1 FC-400 mapping into ODUflex FC-800 mapping into ODUflex Bit stream with octet timing mapping Bit stream without octet timing mapping IB SDR mapping into ODUflex IB DDR mapping into ODUflex IB QDR mapping into ODUflex ODU multiplex structure supporting ODTUkj only (AMP only) ODU multiplex structure supporting ODTUk.ts or ODTUk.ts and OTDUjk (GMP capable) Not available Not available Reserved codes for proprietary use NULL test signal mapping PRBS test signal mapping Not available

Generic Mapping Procedure (GMP)

The 14-bit C8 value indicates the number of data bytes per frame. C8 = 15232 means maximum transport capacity and zero stuffing bytes. Data bytes and stuffing bytes are evenly distributed over the frame. C1D value is used for one bit timing information when higher granularity is needed. Clients for which the 8-bit timing information in Cm with m=8 is sufficient (e.g., 1000Base-X client mapping) will not use C1D, and JC4/5/6 will be all zeros.

TCM BIP TCM backward error indication

See ODU - TCMi/PM/SM

TCMi-BDI TCMi-BIAE

TCM backward defect indication TCM backward incoming alignment error

Forward Error Correction (FEC)

FEC corrects and detects errors in an optical link.
OTU 1 row 1 4
16 17 32 3825
FEC

ITU-T G.975.1 defines additional FEC schemes, called Super-FEC

SubClause I.2 I.3 I.4 Concatenated or Non-Concatenated Concatenated FEC Concatenated FEC Concatenated FEC Concatenated FEC (Soft decision capable) Non-concatenated FEC Concatenated FEC Non-concatenated FEC Concatenated FEC Used FEC Code Outer code: RS(255, 239) Inner code: CSOC (n0/k0 = 7/6, J = 8) Outer code: BCH(3860, 3824) Inner code: BCH(2040, 1930) Outer code: RS(1023, 1007) Inner code: BCH(2047, 1952) Outer code: RS(1901, 1855) Inner code: Extended hamming product code (512, 502) x (510, 500) LDPC code Two orthogonally concatenated BCH codes RS(2720, 2550) Two interleaved extended BCH (1020, 988) codes

1 2 3 4 5 6
RES RES RES JC2 JC2 JC2

JC(1) JC(1) NJO2/JC(1)

4080

Overhead + Client

1 JC1 1
C

2 3 4 5
C 3 C 11 C 4 C 12 C 5 C 13

6 7 8
C 6 C 14 C 7 I I C 8 D I

Glossary
14-bit C8 Decrement indicator Increment indicator

15 16 17 1 2 3 4
0 RES JCA RES JCB RES NJO2 PSI NJO1

...

22

...

30

...

Information bytes
1 240

Parity check bytes

Information bytes

Parity check bytes

I.5
255

C 2 C C JC2 9 10

255

240

1st sub-row

16th sub-row

PJO3 PJO1, PJO2

JC3

CRC-8

API AMP APS/PCC

access point identifiers asynchronous mapping procedure automatic protection switching/ protection communication channel
Up to eight levels of nested APS/PCC signals may be present in this field.

GCC1, GCC2 general communication channels

Fields that allow communication between two NEs.

In the sub-row, 239 bytes are used to calculate the FEC parity check, the result of which is transmitted in bytes (symbols) 240 to 255 of the same sub-row.

The FEC according to ITU-T G.709 uses a Reed-Solomon RS(255,239) code.

RES

RES RES

RES

OTU/ODU Types and Capacity

OTN Type OTU Nominal Bit Rate

OTU1 OTU1e OTU1f OTU2 OTU2e OTU2f OTU3 OTU3e1 OTU3e2 OTU4

CSF

RES RES

RES

RES

RES

I.6 I.7 I.8 I.9

15 16 1 2 3 4
0 1 2 255 JC4 JC1

17
1

...
2

...

...

3824 3808 7616 11424 15232

JC LDPC NJO

BCH BDI BEI BIAE

PT 1 Mapping & Concatenation specific 255

JC5 JC2 3809 3810 JC6 JC3 7617 7618 PSI RES 1142511426

Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem FEC coding scheme backward defect indication

BDI = 1 indicates OTUk backward defect BDI = 0 otherwise

justification control low-density parity check negative justification opportunity operator-specific

For operator-specific use. optical channel data unit k optical channel payload unit k optical channel transport lane optical transport module optical transmission section optical channel transport unit k

ODUk OPUk OTL OTM OTS OTUk

OPU0 OH
PT RES

OPU0 payload (4 3808 bytes) 1 JC4 JC5 JC6 2 3 4 5

D D 1 2 D D 6 7

backward error indication and backward incoming alignment error

Signals carrying information on interleaved-bit blocks detect an error upstream.

6 7 8
D D D 3 4 5 D D D 8 9 10

ODU Type
ODU0 ODUflex ODU1 ODU1e ODU1f ODU2 ODU2e ODU2f ODU3 ODU3e1 ODU3e2 ODU4

ODU Nominal Bit Rate

1.244160 G Client specific 239/238 x 2.488320 G = 2.498775 G 239/238 x 10.312500 G = 10.355830 G 239/238 x 10.518750 G = 10.562946 G 239/237 x 9.953280 G = 10.037274 G 239/237 x 10.312500 G = 10.399525 G 239/237 x 10.518750 G = 10.607516 G 239/236 x 39.813120 G = 40.319219 G 239/236 x 4 x 10.312500 G = 41.774364407 G 239/255 x 243/217 x 16 x 2.488320 G = 41.785969 G 239/227 x 99.532800 G = 104.794446 G

Example Client Signal

1GE LAN MAC/IP STS-48/STM-16 10 GE LAN 10 GFC STS-192/STM-64 WAN 10 GE LAN 10 GFC STS-768/STM-256 4 x ODU2e 4 x ODU2e 100 GE

Client-specific 10-bit C1D

BIP-8

bit-interleaved parity
The BIP-8 (8 bit) is computed over the whole OPU and payload and is inserted into the BIP-8 SM byte two frames later.

PM PJO RES
RS SAPI STAT

path monitoring
Monitors particular sections within the network and fault location.

255/238 x 2.488320 G = 2.666057 G 255/238 x 10.312500 G = 11.049107 G 255/238 x 10.518750 G = 11.270089 G 255/237 x 9.953280 G = 10.709255 G 255/237 x 10.312500 G = 11.095730 G 255/237 x 10.518750 G = 11.317642 G 255/236 x 39.813120 G = 43.018414 G 255/236 x 4 x 10.312500 G = 44.570974576 G 243/217 x 16 x 2.488320 G = 44.583356 G 255/227 x 99.532800 G = 111.809973 G

Time slot structure (e.g., OTU2) JC, NJO, and PJO generation with asynchronous mapping process
JC2 00 00 00 00 01 11 JC1 00 01 10 11 * * NJO1 Just. byte Data byte Just. byte Just. byte Data byte Just. byte NJO2 Just. byte Just. byte Just. byte Just. byte Data byte Just. byte PJO1 Data byte Data byte Just. byte Just. byte Data byte Just. byte PJO2 Data byte Data byte Just. byte Data byte Data byte Just. byte PJO3 Data byte Data byte Data byte Data byte Data byte Just. byte Interpretation No justification (0) Negative justification (1) Double positive justification (+2) Positive justification (+1) Double negative justification (2) Triple positive justification (+3) 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 ODU0 ODU1 ODU2 ODU2e ODU3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ODUflex

CRC-5

2.5 G time slot 1516 17 ...

... 3824

BMP CSOC DAPI

2.5 G Tributary Slots OPU2 OPU3 OPU1 1.25 G Tributary Slots OPU2 AMP (PT=21) GMP (PT=21) OPU3 OPU4

bit-synchronous mapping procedure convolutional self-orthogonal code destination access point identifier
Contains information regarding the country of origin, network operator, and administrative details. Reserved for further experimental use.

positive justification opportunity

Reserved for future international standardization. All bytes are set to 0s.

EXP FTFL

Reed-Solomon FEC coding scheme source access point identifier status

Three bits indicate the presence of maintenance signals.

fault type and fault-location channel

A 256-byte multiframe signal providing fault status information regarding type and location of the fault.

1.25 G time slot 1516 17 ...

1 2 3 4

AMP (PT=21) GMP (PT=21)

GMP (PT=21) GMP (PT=21) AMP (PT=21) GMP (PT=21) AMP (PT=21) GMP (PT=21) GMP (PT=21) GMP (PT=21) GMP (PT=21) GMP (PT=21) GMP (PT=21)

TCM
TCM/ACT TTI

tandem connection monitoring

Enables signal management across multiple networks.

... 3824

AMP (PT=21) AMP (PT=21) AMP (PT=21)

FEC GMP GCC0

forward error correction generic mapping procedure general communication channel

Two bytes that allow communication between section end points.

TCM activation/deactivation
Byte field used to activate and deactivate TCM fields. For future standardization.

trail trace identifier

The 64-byte multiframe TTI signal is similar to the J0 byte in SONET/SDH.

The actual use of these bytes depends on the OTN rate used * bits used for NJO2

To learn more, visit www.jdsu.com/ont

Note: Specifications, terms and conditions are subject to change without notice. 2012 JDS Uniphase Corporation. All rights reserved. 30162879 506 0812 OTN.PO.LAB.TM.AE